Romanian anti-communist resistance movement

1836: 1534: 1582: 2704: 1688: 174: 239: 228: 217: 98: 1797: 43: 7810: 127: 186: 442: 391: 330: 313: 296: 1656:, but they were soon caught by the Securitate and executed (except for Bârsan, who committed suicide while in custody). The Securitate discovered that these men had been recruited in Italy by a former Romanian pilot. Following this, the Romanian Government sent a note to the United States protesting interference in the country's internal affairs, and that the captured CIA agents had been "sent to carry out acts of terrorism and espionage against the Romanian Army." 2693: 551: 449: 432: 415: 398: 381: 355: 337: 320: 303: 279: 262: 251: 198: 141: 2847: 2680:

resistance groups. However, acting isolated and on a local basis conferred the groups a multiformity and flexibility which rendered the annihilation of the entire movement more difficult, and ensured a remarkable staying power for some groups. Furthermore, in some areas a notable reproducibility occurred, exterminated groups being replaced by new cores of resistance.

1784:. Seven or eleven partisans died in the battle, and further twelve were captured. Dabija escaped along with two others; however, he was arrested on 22 March 1949 after a local villager, whose barn he was sleeping in, notified the authorities of his presence. On 28 October 1949, seven members of the group, including Major Nicolae Dabija, were executed in 1847:(National Council for the Study of the Securitate Archives) has assessed a provisional figure of 1196 resistance groups acting between 1948 and 1960. The size of the groups varied from small groupings of less than 10 members to intermediate sized groups counting around 40 fighters up to larger detachments of more than 100 men, with the highest 1449:; the surviving partisans were killed or captured by March 1945. Scholar Andrei Miroiu notes that at least part of the partisans may have actually been German troops trapped behind enemy lines. As soon as September 12, 1944, the Romanian authorities were actively cooperating with the NKVD in capturing the partisans, surrendering them to the 1464:. In late 1944 and early 1945, some small armed groups were formed in Romania, with a mission of harassing the Red Army in a future war between the Soviets and the West. After the war, most of these groups dissolved while others remained in the mountains until 1948 when they became active. In May 1946, General 1852:

established according to both archive data and various memoirs published after 1990. The archives revealed several hundred death penalties, yet a much larger number of resisters had been killed, either in battle or during different phases of detention. An estimated figure could amount to 2,000 lost lives.

1525:, which in turn informed the Western governments. The project was eventually intercepted by the Romanian authorities, which subsequently carried out massive arrests in spring 1948, comprising up to 80% of those who were implicated in the movement. Thus, the coordinated national resistance was decapitated. 1718:

from 1948 to 1956, and remained undetected until 1976, worked out a set of defining traits of the typical Romanian resistance group. According to this author, such a group was rather small but could number up to 200 men, located in a mountainous/forested area which comprised some communities. Ogoranu

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A characteristic trait of the movement was its defensive nature. Indeed, few offensive actions such as sabotages or occupation of localities have been recorded. While the groups did not pose a major material threat to the authorities, their dangerousness for the government resided in the symbol they

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groups sustained losses consisting of dead and wounded captured by the Securitate. They also fell victim to treason from supporters or infiltrated persons, which led to losses and captures. Gavrilă-Ogoranu states that some of the arrested rebels and their supporters were killed during interrogation,

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convictions and persuaded that only an armed engagement could contain increasing terror and prevent an irrevocable communist takeover. Some of the resistance groups were led by ex-army officers and acted in a more coordinated and planned way. It appears that they put their hope in stirring up a more

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There were several reasons for people seeking shelter in the mountains. While some went underground to escape imminent arrest, more generally people fled as they abandoned hope for surviving after being economically ruined and risking detention or worse. Significantly, entire families took flight in

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The Romanian Security Forces succeeded in defeating rebel forces due to coordination between the Securitate and militia forces, as well the penetration of the insurgent groups with the use of informers, intelligence gathering, and persuasion. The implacable chase of the authorities on the resisters

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Rather than a planned action, the resistance movement was a spontaneous reaction in response to the wave of terror initiated by the authorities after the seizure of power in early 1948. The spontaneous nature of the movement explains its marked fragmentation and the lack of coordination between the

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used informers against them and intercepted the correspondence of family members. The group was eliminated after an attack by Securitate troops, both sides suffering a casualty each during the battle. An armed group called "The National Defense Front-The Haiduc Corps" was headed by a former officer

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spreading everywhere the terrain could shield them. The movement was related to the spate of mass arrests hitting the country after the communists seized power on 30 December 1947, as well as to the political and economical measures which ruined a sizable part of the peasantry and the middle class.

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was inaugurated in 2006 and is the work of architect Virgil Salvanu. It is a cube made of concrete, covered with white marble; on its sides, on plaques made of black marble, are the names of those prisons where members of the anti-communist resistance were incarcerated. There is also a memorial in

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communist-dominated government. After the communists also sent in armed workers, violence erupted between the two groups; the Romanian soldiers in the Soviet Army fired warning shots and ultimately the crowd dispersed. During the event, 11 were killed and dozens injured, however, the shooters were

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By the early 1960s, most of the anti-communist partisans in Romania were either killed or arrested. All influential or popular rebel leaders had been executed or captured. There were a few isolated guerrillas, but they either gave up fighting, went into hiding, or were simply executed after being

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was carried out – either secretly, with bodies thrown into unknown common graves, or publicly in order to intimidate the local population. A significant number of detained rebels, who had not been sentenced to death, were killed outside prisons, under unexplained circumstances. In areas where the

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from 1949 to 1951, said that the smuggling of weapons, ammunition, radio transmitters, and medicine was organized. Agents smuggled into Romania by the CIA were to help organize the sabotage of factories and transport networks. Among the Romanian volunteers recruited by the CIA at the beginning of

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The social structure of the insurgent groups was heterogeneous, comprising a considerable part of peasants, many students, and intellectuals as well as several army officers. A report of the Securitate from 1951 containing information on 804 arrested resistance members ranking among 17 "mountain

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and about their strength. The Securitate decided to attack the rebels on the morning of 4 March 1949; Securitate forces led by Colonel Mihai Patriciu charged the peak where the rebels were located, with a gunfight and later hand-to-hand combat occurring. The Securitate suffered three deaths and

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Resistance groups were the target of systematic and enduring military actions from fully armed regular troops of the Securitate. The strength of the Securitate troops could vary from platoon to battalion up to regiment, including armoured vehicles, artillery, and occasionally even aviation. The

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placed around a strength of 15–20 men. According to these assumptions, the total number of active resistance fighters may not fall below 10,000 rebels, with an estimated figure of at least 40–50,000 supporting civilians. The number of killed victims on the insurgents' side could be

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However, starting with the summer of 1948, individuals or small groups went underground in the Carpathians, forming various units of armed resistance in what was a relatively large movement, gathering several thousand people. The rebels came from all social strata and all areas of the country,

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clothing and medicine are short and this is probably true as their numbers have been increased by a considerable proportion of women and children since the March 1st land expropriation. I have been given a figure as high as 20,000 as the number who has joined since the expropriation (...) The

1747:. The group mainly hid in the woods and acquired part of its armament from an Iron Guard band that the Germans parachuted in the area in 1944–45. Suspicion within the group was high, and one of the members was shot in 1954 by his comrades. To eliminate this resistance group, the 1476:, was arrested and charged with "bringing together various subversive organizations under his command". It appears, however, that the "National Resistance Movement", which he coordinated, did not pose much of an obstacle to the establishment of a pro-Soviet communist government. 1391:

secret police, as well as sympathizers of the communist government, label these clandestine groups as fascist, criminal, or anti-national elements subordinate to foreign Western interests seeking to destabilize the country. Some former resistance fighters (such as

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increase in the number of women and children will create problems of survival next winter (...) I am told now and again of lorries of army supplies going over to the partisans, sometimes by capture and sometimes by desertion, but I cannot say to what extent..."

1396:, Gavrilă Vatamaniuc, and Lucreția Jurj) acknowledged after 1989 that they never posed a real threat to the communist government, and that their role was rather limited in maintaining an anti-communist climate in their local communities in the event of an 4500: 1441:; consisting exclusively of local volunteers, this unit, which reached up to 1,378 fighters, could not stem the tide. By August 1944, most were captured by the NKVD, who considered them "political war criminals", and deported them to 4285: 1516:

forces led to a structure reuniting generals, senior officers, and politicians preparing and coordinating armed groups under a single command. The central coordinating structure inside Romania reported on this initiative to the

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in late 1989 that details about what was called "anti-communist armed resistance" were made public. It was only then that the public learned about the several small armed groups, which sometimes termed themselves

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was active from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s, with isolated individual fighters remaining at large until the early 1960s. Armed resistance was the first and most structured form of resistance against the

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bands" reveals the following: 63% of people who participated in the anti-communist insurgency had no political affiliation. 37% of people who participated in the insurgency had a political affiliation: 11%

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Gavrilă-Ogoranu Ion, Short History of Armed Anti-Communist Resistance in Romania in Ionițoiu, Cicerone, Cartea de Aur a rezistenței românești împotriva comunismului. Vol. I-II, București, Ed. Hrisovul,

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Dispersal, extent, and duration of the resistance rendered research after 1990 more difficult in ascertaining structural information on the movement. Evaluating the archives of the Securitate the

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The territorial structure of the resistance covered mainly the mountainous and heavy forested parts of the country. A list of some of the most important resistance groups and their location:

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Some academics argue that the extent and influence of the movement is often exaggerated in the post-communist Romanian media, memoirs of the survivors, and even historiography, while the

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while other members of resistance groups were indicted in public or secret trials, and sentenced to death or prison. He estimates that several thousands of convictions were imposed.

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1951 were Constantin Săplăcan, Wilhelm Spindler, Gheorghe Bârsan, Matias Bohm, and Ilie Puiu. They were the first to be parachuted, on the night of October 18 to 19, 1951, in the

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Breazu, Steliana. Grupul de rezistență anticomunistă al lui Cantemir Gligor din munții Zarandului și munții Codrului, pe valea Crișului Alb, in: AS, 1995, 2, pp. 334–337

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as well as the gag order on the existence of the resistance show how concerned the government was, that the symbol of political insubordination might become contagious.

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Adriana Georgescu Cosmovici was one of the first people to be arrested for belonging to the resistance movement. In July 1945, the 28-year-old woman was arrested in

2365: 854: 34: 2012: 1950: 1081: 6063: 3930: 2003: 5659: 5631: 4775: 3744:, Începuturile mișcării de rezistență, vol. 2, iunie – noiembrie 1946, București, Institutul național pentru studiul totalitarismului, 2001, doc. 1–10, pp. 30–40 2352: 3489:

Consiliul Național pentru Studierea Arhivelor Securității, Mișcarea armată de rezistență anticomunistă din România. 1944–1962, Editura Kullusys, București, 2003

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and then dropped in the Carpathians. It seems, however, that most of them, not being able to create local contacts imperative for survival, were soon captured.

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represented: as long as the resisters remained free, they created a tangible challenge to the government's claim of exercising total control over the country.

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to incorporate Romania and other countries from Eastern Europe into its sphere of domination, the anti-communist armed resistance could have led a successful

6686: 6049: 5351: 4976: 4342:"Destine de luptători anticomuniști: "Haiducii Dobrogei", aromânii care și-au vărsat sângele în numele libertății. "Nouă ani nu am știut nimic de tatăl meu"" 4286:"Destine de luptători anticomuniști: "Haiducii Dobrogei", aromânii care și-au vârsat sângele în numele libertății. "Nouă ani nu am știut nimic de tatăl meu"" 2800:

By the late 1950s, the resistance movement was in shambles. Romanian counter-insurgency operations had almost completely destroyed the guerrilla insurgency.

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further stated that such groups were supported by a significant number of inhabitants (up to several thousand), who provided shelter, food, and information.

1598:, a word for generous highwaymen, considered folk heroes. A further major component of the armed resistance consisted of individuals and groups motivated by 1161: 7851: 5692: 5638: 4824: 2151: 2008: 359: 4108: 3112: 2252: 1998: 6156: 5645: 5261: 2554: 2460: 2348: 2298: 2191: 2024: 1978: 959: 890: 2819: 2267: 2052: 4671: 4073: 3671: 2500: 2356: 2187: 3913: 3304: 2613: 2577: 2398: 2337: 2048: 2016: 6042: 5482: 5358: 4159:

Căpățână, Claudia; Ciolcă, Răzvan. Fișe pentru o istorie a rezistenței anticomuniste. Grupul "Haiducii Muscelului" In: MI, 1998, 32, nr. 6, pp. 40–44

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Anticomunism și represiune comunistă. 1945-1989. Simpozion regional cu participare internațioanală. Ediția a V-a. Târgu-Neamț, 30 octombrie 2020

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Anticomunism și represiune comunistă. 1945-1989. Simpozion regional cu participare internațioanală. Ediția a V-a. Târgu-Neamț, 30 octombrie 2020

2744:, Nicolschi ordered in July 1949 the murder of seven prisoners (allegedly the leaders of an anti-communist resistance movement) in transit from 2370: 2060: 1994: 5591: 4893: 3612:

Brișcă, Adrian, Rezistența armată din Bucovina, vol. al II-lea: 1950–1952, Institutul Național pentru Studiul Totalitarismului, București, 2000

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Dieaconu, Daniel; Topoliceanu, Mirela; Vatamanu, Cristian (2020), "Rezistență și represiune pe valea Muntelui în timpul regimului comunist",

2402: 2312: 2279: 2228: 6105: 6483: 6339: 6323: 6295: 5536: 4743: 2386: 2275: 627: 7247: 6307: 6163: 6126: 5401: 4502:Între mit și bagatelizare. Despre reconsiderarea critică a trecutului, Ion Gavrilă Ogoranu și rezistența armată anticomunistă din România 2994:Între mit și bagatelizare. Despre reconsiderarea critică a trecutului, Ion Gavrilă Ogoranu și rezistența armată anticomunistă din România 2663: 1603:

general armed insurrection, which never came to life. A smaller category of insurgents were Romanian refugees recruited in Europe by the

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Onișoru, Gheorghe (coord.) – Totalitarism și rezistență, teroare și represiune în România comunistă, Studii C.N.S.A.S, București, 2001

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Dobre Florica (Editor), Bande, bandiți și eroi. Grupurile de rezistență și Securitatea (1948–1968), Ed. Enciclopedică, București, 2003

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Miroiu, Andrei (30 November 2010). "Wiping Out 'The Bandits': Romanian Counterinsurgency Strategies in the Early Communist Period 1".

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Miroiu, Andrei (30 November 2010). "Wiping Out 'The Bandits': Romanian Counterinsurgency Strategies in the Early Communist Period 1".

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Cojoc Marian – Rezistența armată din Dobrogea, 1945–1960, Ed. Institutul Național pentru Studierea Totalitarismului, București, 2004

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Theodor Bărbulescu, Liviu Țăranu Rezistența anticomunistă – Cazul colonelului I. Uță in Memoria, Revista gândirii arestate nr. 44-45

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Ivan Paula. Aspects du mouvement de résistance anti-communiste a Cluj et a Alba, 1947–1952. In: Trans. R, 1995, 4, nr. 4, p.116-121

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Sebeșan, Emil; Silveanu, Ileana. Rezistența din Banat. 1949 (La Résistance de Banat, 1949). In: A tot., 1998, 6, nr. 1, p.116-138

1844: 1631:(CIA), which conducted parachute missions in Romania in the early post-war years. At the beginning of 1949, the CIA through its 7866: 6665: 6177: 5020: 4558: 4424: 3452: 3421: 2531: 1873: 1469: 1006: 587: 4180:"Rezistența anticomunistă de la Mănăstirea Arnota, din Vâlcea – asediul Securității din ziua de Paște și masacrul de pe munte" 1839:

Weapons and ammunition of the anti-communist resistance group "Grupul Carpatin Făgărășan" seized by the Securitate around 1952

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Baicu, Petre, Salcă, Alexandru, Rezistența în munți și orașul Brașov (1944–1948), Brașov, Ed. Transilvania Express, 1997

3518: 1923: 1671:; they were later captured, but not executed, as the Romanian authorities intended to use them as double agents. In the 1125: 7861: 7625: 7494: 7372: 6943: 6658: 6609: 6367: 5922: 5167: 5006: 4854: 4708: 2865:

was between 1960 and 1990. The sculpture, which is 20 metres (66 ft) tall and weighs 100 tons, is called "Wings" (

1518: 1488:; tens of thousands of people, most of them members and supporters of the opposition parties, gathered in front of the 1460:(11–12 September 1944), the Red Army had a free run in Romania and the Romanian government did not have authority over 1298: 1043: 914: 749: 667: 597: 592: 577: 202: 2857:

In 2016, a monument dedicated to the anti-communist resistance in Romania and Bessarabia was unveiled in front of the

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ideology of part of the groups are generally overlooked or minimized. Others, generally civic associations and former

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Andrei Miroiu (2010): Wiping Out 'The Bandits': Romanian Counterinsurgency Strategies in the Early Communist Period.

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not identified, with the government and opposition accusing each other. Later documents indicated that the communist

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Claudia Dobre, Rezistența anticomunistă în România: memorie și istorie in Memoria, Revista gândirii arestate, Nr. 55

7778: 6929: 6866: 6001: 5830: 4953: 3763:, "Procesul mișcării naționale de rezistență", 1946, in Arhivele Totalitarismului, nr. 19–20, 2–3/1998, pp. 102–120 1067: 835: 688: 602: 5507: 4469: 7891: 7886: 7302: 7143: 7132: 6961: 6720: 6679: 6572: 6510: 5890: 5160: 5029: 4997: 3356: 1262: 969: 923: 709: 647: 632: 5677: 5245: 3324: 2740: 7871: 7688: 7660: 7538: 7331: 6561: 6012: 5938: 5727: 5098: 4817: 4722: 4607: 4135: 2167: 2156: 1509: 1187: 744: 729: 678: 364: 3556:] (in Romanian). București: Fundația Academia Civică Centrul Internațional de Studii asupra Comunismului. 2067: 7748: 7681: 7632: 7563: 7388: 6887: 6838: 6602: 6595: 6198: 5959: 5743: 4796: 3529:

Brișca, Adrian, The Anticommunist Armed Resistance in Romania, 1944–1962, AT, nr. 34-35, 1-2/2002, pp. 75-101

1632: 1604: 1324: 1291: 1277: 1011: 765: 683: 561: 103: 1908: 7881: 7822: 7718: 7093: 7047: 5966: 5794: 5779: 5706: 5685: 5503: 5181: 4967: 4960: 4944: 4655: 4614: 4586: 3910: 3301: 1928:; Vasile Popșa; Ilie Zubașcu; Ion Ilban; Nicolae Pop; Vasile Dunca; Gavrila Iusco; group of Uniate priests 1848: 1757: 1687: 1473: 1272: 1227: 1182: 991: 986: 981: 3585: 7785: 7109: 7054: 6672: 6644: 6497: 6112: 6091: 5605: 5268: 5174: 4664: 4522:"Résistance Paysanne et Maquis en Roumanie de 1945 à 1965 – La résistance paysanne à la collectivisation" 4241:[Radu Ciuceanu: "If Stalin had lived longer, maybe we would have gotten rid of the communists"]. 2788: 2640: 1857: 1628: 1533: 1384: 759: 162: 7583: 7072: 6991: 6936: 6824: 6780: 6430: 6056: 5980: 5875: 5752: 5624: 5617: 5577: 5550: 5282: 5215: 4810: 4621: 4551: 4072:

Negruț, Gina; Martin, Ionuț-Tudorel (2020), "Mișcarea de rezistență anticomunistă din Munții Vrancei",

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region, three airdropped agents were killed, one of them in a firefight and two others later executed.

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Radu Ciuceanu, Octavian Roske, Cristian Troncotă, Începuturile mișcării de rezistență, doc. 10, p. 153

1581: 7485: 7402: 7187: 7040: 7012: 6845: 6750: 6540: 5973: 5040: 4694: 1869: 1796: 1348:, where some hid for ten years from authorities. The last fighter was eliminated in the mountains of 1155: 5238: 2546: 2520: 1715: 1695: 1653: 7224: 7201: 6446: 6247: 6240: 5897: 5557: 5529: 5522: 4909: 2131: 1761: 385: 110: 5254: 5231: 4312: 1660: 7646: 7590: 7460: 7320: 6998: 6651: 6547: 6453: 6021: 5882: 5852: 5816: 5801: 5673: 5565: 5543: 5489: 5475: 5457: 5121: 4902: 4630: 4579: 3066: 3028:"Remembering the Romanian Anti-Communist Armed Resistance: An Analysis of Local Lived Experience" 2858: 2851: 2178: 1237: 423: 406: 270: 3758: 3739: 3652: 3517:, Rezistența anticomunistă din munții României, 1946–1958, "Gîndirea Românească", 1993 also see 3512: 3170:"Destine de eroi ai rezistenței anti-comuniste din munți. Toma Arnăuțoiu și Haiducii Muscelului" 2703: 964: 7338: 7231: 7026: 6977: 6880: 6773: 6743: 6526: 6414: 6140: 5931: 5515: 5496: 5466: 5013: 4983: 4533:– The anti-communist partisans of Nucșoara – Biography, photos, documents about Toma Arnăuțoiu. 4016: 3621:

Brișcă, Adrian, Jurnalul unui partizan: Vasile Motrescu și rezistența armată din Bucovina, 2005

3225:"Demonstrația promonarhistă din 8 nov. 1945. Democrați. Cum este recuperată istoria cenzurată?" 1096: 996: 221: 4104: 4062:

Timaru, Mihai. Lupta de rezistență anticomunistă în munții Vrancei. In: AS, 1995, 2, p.327-333

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in 1962. The Romanian resistance was one of the longest lasting armed movements in the former

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in 1949, she named three investigators as having threatened her with guns, one of them being

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Wiping Out 'The Bandits' Romanian Counterinsurgency Strategies in the Early Communist Period

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Wiping Out 'The Bandits' Romanian Counterinsurgency Strategies in the Early Communist Period

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Brazii se frâng, dar nu se îndoiesc. Vol. 3, Din rezistența anticomunistă în Munții Făgăraș

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Rădulescu, Zoe. Rezistența anticomunistă din munții Babadag, in: AS, 1995, 2, pp. 311–319

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houses the Sighet Memorial Museum, honoring the political prisoners who were detained at

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Memoria, 1998, nr. 25, p. 138; Ionițoiu, 1995, p. 158; I.N.S.T. nr. 16-17 / 1997, p. 45)

2917: 2342: 1898: 1568:, reporting on 1 May 1949 on the situation of partisans under the leadership of General 1033: 7764: 7597: 7522: 7476: 7446: 7354: 7194: 6852: 6736: 6630: 6581: 6519: 6275: 6226: 6035: 5652: 5307: 5105: 3469: 3151: 2809: 2759: 2559: 2214: 1959: 1815: 1659:

Later on, a two-man team was parachuted into Romania by the CIA on 2 October 1952 near

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vol. 1, 1945–1949, Editura Institutul Național pentru Studiul Totalitarismului - 2004

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The members of the armed resistance did not identify themselves as "partisans", but

7674: 7667: 7611: 7275: 7033: 7019: 6922: 6859: 6810: 6623: 6476: 6423: 6233: 6184: 6098: 5321: 5298: 4831: 3461: 3361: 3329: 3143: 3039: 2869:); it was done by sculptor Mihai Buculei, whose father was a political prisoner at 2755: 2137: 1736: 943: 457: 370: 345: 341: 4840: 2775: 2627: 266: 7697: 7409: 7324: 7282: 7180: 7123: 6984: 6766: 6757: 6286: 5861: 5837: 5091: 4401: 3917: 3465: 3389: 3308: 3263: 3147: 3060: 2933: 2886: 2751: 2712: 2571: 2331: 2071: 1774: 1493: 1484:

On 8 November 1945, the last large-scale anticommunist demonstration occurred in

1397: 1135: 1038: 7809: 3931:"Sfinții închisorilor Spiru Blănaru—erou și martir al rezistenței anticomuniste" 2472: 2205: 1360: 307: 7704: 7240: 7166: 5204: 5063: 3987: 2862: 2097: 1933: 1599: 1540:, an anti-communist resistance group formed by members and sympathizers of the 1513: 1247: 1058: 191: 145: 4470:"Romania unveils 100-ton steel monument dedicated to anticommunist resistance" 4212: 4131: 3792: 3201: 2793:. Arrested in 1948 and held in prison until 1963, Ciuceanu was subjected to a 7845: 7515: 5426: 5275: 5114: 3730: 3643: 3631: 3571: 3538:

Bellu, Ștefan. Rezistența în munții Maramureșului, in: AS, 1995, 2, p.320-326

3407: 3271: 2905: 2767: 2745: 2727: 2646: 2037: 1781: 1376: 1257: 1120: 1048: 1001: 785: 441: 390: 329: 312: 295: 179: 3084: 2033: 7814: 7618: 5904: 5809: 5440: 4803: 4567: 3352: 3320: 2754:

and her husband, two peasants opposed to the government's policy of forced

1820: 1732: 1636: 1545: 1426: 1380: 1364: 1353: 714: 540: 132: 3814:

Grupul de rezistență "maior Nicolae Dabija" in: Memoria, nr. 13, pp. 59–67

3224: 2980:

Bande, bandiți și eroi. Grupurile de rezistență și Securitatea (1948–1968)

2823: 2244: 1622: 7453: 7439: 7101: 5763: 5584: 5569: 4923: 3386:

Revolution and resistance in Eastern Europe: challenges to communist rule

2944: 2877: 2870: 2697: 2262: 1565: 1500: 1465: 1450: 1177: 1167: 817: 776: 754: 402: 4376:

Du passé faisons table rase! Histoire et mémoire du communisme en Europe

4243: 4184: 2815: 2148:, Vasile Crișan, Ilie Vlad, Teodor Trânca, Vasile Răfăilă, Andrei Bicuț) 6801: 6554: 6533: 5419: 4752: 4680: 3701:"Grupuri "minore" din rezistența anticomunistă bucovineană (1948–1961)" 2831: 2692: 1865: 1748: 1740: 1711: 1644: 1553: 1541: 1388: 1368: 1140: 1018: 475: 115: 3864:

Lacrimi și sânge. Rezistența anticomunistă armată din munții Banatului

3197:"Manifestația anti-comunistă din 8 noiembrie 1945, înabușită în sânge" 3044: 3027: 2846: 7064: 6469: 6266: 6077: 5868: 5823: 2723: 2393: 1810: 1676: 1648: 1485: 1434: 1372: 1028: 830: 16:

1947-1962 armed resistance movement against communist rule in Romania

5344: 3805:

Cristian Troncotă, Procesul mișcării naționale de rezistență, p. 225

3634:. Rezistența armată din Bucovina. 1944–1950. Vol. I, București, 1998 2600: 2507: 2442: 1804:, leader of "Haiducii Muscelului", one of the most long-lived groups 1433:

groups of 15–20 people. A battalion was created and trained by the

1375:, argue that had external circumstances been different, and had the 5328: 5056: 4239:"Radu Ciuceanu: "Dacă Stalin mai trăia, poate scăpam de comuniști"" 2882: 2708: 1418: 1414: 1328: 1202: 900: 30: 2797:

which involved severe beatings and harsh conditions of detention.

2758:, joined the guerrilla group "Haiducii Muscelului" led by Colonel 2293: 1765: 4506: 3935: 3590: 2997: 2771: 2763: 2654: 2621: 2419: 1664: 1640: 1564:

late 1948 and early 1949. Thus, the British consular official in

1446: 880: 824: 781: 68: 5945: 4536: 4530: 4208:"Istoricul Radu Ciuceanu, deținut politic, a încetat din viață" 2770:

joined the "National Resistance Movement" in 1946; centered in

1672: 1616: 1608: 1594: 1429:. Hundreds of people went into the forests forming anti-Soviet 1387:. Still others, mainly former officials, former members of the 1341: 1667:. Three American-trained agents were sent in June 1953 to the 6133: 4383: 2731: 2409: 2320: 1785: 1612: 1522: 1479: 1442: 1349: 693: 1756:

who participated in the war against the Soviet Union on the

4524:, Genèses – Sciences sociales et histoireno, no. 43, 2001/2 4103: 3826:"Patru ani de rezistență cu arma în mână în Munții Apuseni" 3669: 2590: 1438: 739: 704: 567: 4025:

Memorial of the Victims of Communism and of the Resistance

3996:

Memorial of the Victims of Communism and of the Resistance

3657:, Începuturile mișcării de rezistență, doc. 2, pp. 138-147 2978:

Consiliul Național pentru Studierea Ahivelor Securității,

2898:

Memorial of the Victims of Communism and of the Resistance

1791: 2940:

Anti-communist insurgencies in Central and Eastern Europe

1528: 35:

anti-communist insurgencies in Central and Eastern Europe

1819:

rebels were active, the population underwent systematic

47:

Map of Romania with armed resistance areas marked in red

1623:

Rebel co-operation with the Central Intelligence Agency

5198:

Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany

1964:; Col. Vasile Cârlan; Grigore Sandu; Vasile Cămărușă; 1764:. Resistants from this group robbed the Tax Office in 7857:

Anti-communist resistance movements in Eastern Europe

1162:

De-satellization of the Socialist Republic of Romania

4081:(in Romanian), Iași: Editura PIM, pp. 163–170, 2861:, in Bucharest, close to the spot where a statue of 1743:

who had been sentenced for his participation in the

3679:(in Romanian), Iași: Editura PIM, pp. 96–120, 2850:Anti-communist resistance monument in front of the 2822:were tried for "armed insurrection" in the area of 1548:. Photograph taken in September 1949 by an unknown 3359:[The spies who came in to the cold (II)]. 3586:"Condamnat pentru "crimă contra ordinii sociale"" 3327:[The spies who came in to the cold (I)]. 2876:The Monument to the Anti-Communist Resistance in 1722: 7843: 3554:Long live the partisans until the Americans come 3121:, Year XVI, number 5 (208), May 2004, pages 8–9. 3109:Din istoria rezistenței anticomuniste in România 1714:'s youth wing who led a resistance group in the 1635:(OPC) began to recruit displaced Romanians from 3383: 3058: 2885:commemorating anti-communist partisans in the 2711:commemorating anti-communist partisans in the 4552: 4499:Totok, William; Macovei, Elena-Irina (2016). 4313:"Misteriosul luptător anticomunist Gogu Puiu" 3823: 3292:, p. 78. Bucharest: Editura Merona, 2007 2992:Totok, William; Macovei, Elena-Irina (2016). 1299: 4498: 4425:"Elisabeta Rizea, Forgotten Hero Remembered" 4396: 4394: 4392: 4071: 3960:"Cum l-a asasinat Securitatea pe Ioan Ienea" 3445: 3443: 2991: 1879: 1745:Legionnaires' rebellion and Bucharest pogrom 7852:Romanian anti-communist resistance movement 4233: 4231: 4099: 4097: 3665: 3663: 3432: 3430: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3252: 3250: 3248: 3246: 3129: 3127: 2696:Monument to the Anti-Communist Resistance, 1780:three others wounded, possibly also due to 1585:Teodor Șușman – anticommunist resistant of 1320:Romanian anti-communist resistance movement 24:Romanian anti-communist resistance movement 4559: 4545: 4357: 4355: 3550:Să trăiască partizanii până vin americanii 3384:McDermott, Kevin; Stibbe, Matthew (2006). 3104: 3102: 3100: 3098: 3096: 3094: 2774:, the resistance group was led by general 2580:group in Muscel area between 1951 and 1957 1480:Anti-communist demonstrations in Bucharest 1327:, which in turn regarded the fighters as " 1306: 1292: 4389: 4205: 3440: 3043: 3021: 3019: 3017: 2525:Dumitru (Ionele Ion); Făină; Ion Cândea; 2467:(Victor Lupșa); Acft. Capt. Mândrișteanu 1830: 1647:. Gordon Mason, the CIA station chief in 94: 4400: 4228: 4199: 4094: 3957: 3951: 3698: 3692: 3660: 3547: 3485: 3483: 3427: 3262: 3243: 3194: 3124: 2982:, Editura Enciclopedică, București, 2003 2845: 2702: 2691: 1834: 1795: 1686: 1580: 1532: 1508:was among the ones who fired. After the 4352: 4206:Georgescu, Șerban (13 September 2022). 3958:Pădurean, Claudiu (20 September 2013). 3775:Leonida Bodiu: destin și profil de erou 3091: 3025: 1792:Infiltration of the resistance movement 7844: 6413: 6391:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union 4444: 4422: 4416: 4311:Pena, Roland Cătălin (16 March 2019). 4065: 3890:Rezistența anticomunistă din Mehedinți 3453:The Journal of Slavic Military Studies 3449: 3422:The Journal of Slavic Military Studies 3136:The Journal of Slavic Military Studies 3133: 3014: 2730:investigators. In a statement made in 1702: 1529:Onset of the armed resistance movement 346: 7269:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign 6694:Japanese invasion of French Indochina 6340:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union 6296:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union 5394:Rape during the occupation of Germany 4540: 4440: 4438: 4339: 4177: 3928: 3772: 3480: 3357:"Spionii care au intrat în frig (II)" 3351: 3319: 6384:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union 5409:Rape during the liberation of France 4310: 3866:, Editura Marineasa, Timișoara, 1999 3325:"Spionii care au intrat în frig (I)" 3195:Pădurean, Bianca (8 November 2017). 1682: 841:World Federation of Democratic Youth 4423:Tănase, Cristina (September 2004). 2459:Vrancea group (brothers Paragină); 1735:, the most active group was led by 1408: 13: 6610:German invasion of the Netherlands 4883:Weather events during World War II 4435: 3830:Memoria. Revista gândirii arestate 2963: 2738:. According to a 1992 article for 915:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states 14: 7903: 7248:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan 4492: 4340:Iancu, Mariana (7 January 2017). 4283: 3777:. Cluj-Napoca: Școala Ardeleană. 3062:The communist genocide in Romania 3059:Boldur-Lățescu, Gheorghe (2005). 7808: 4566: 4116:. Timișoara: Editura Marineasa. 3824:Jurj-Costescu, Lucreția (1999), 3026:Ciobanu, Monica (28 July 2015). 1967:Partisan group Gavril Vatamaniuc 1403: 1344:", that had taken refuge in the 836:World Federation of Trade Unions 549: 529:Most of the army rebels executed 447: 440: 430: 413: 396: 389: 379: 353: 335: 328: 318: 311: 301: 294: 277: 260: 249: 237: 226: 215: 196: 184: 172: 139: 125: 96: 41: 7877:Political repression in Romania 4462: 4453: 4364: 4333: 4304: 4277: 4268: 4259: 4171: 4162: 4153: 4056: 4047: 4038: 4017:"Gheorghe Corneliu zis Szarvas" 4009: 3980: 3929:Baiaș, Ionuț (8 October 2007). 3922: 3904: 3895: 3882: 3869: 3856: 3847: 3817: 3808: 3799: 3766: 3747: 3724: 3715: 3637: 3624: 3615: 3606: 3578: 3541: 3532: 3523: 3501: 3492: 3414: 3377: 3345: 3313: 3295: 3290:Dicționar de Istorie a României 3282: 3217: 1893:Name of the group/group leader 480:Directorate for Security Troops 7495:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945 5191:Territorial changes of Germany 5099:Indonesian National Revolution 4427:. Vivid Online. Archived from 4247:(in Romanian). 28 January 2010 4178:Rîpan, Irina (25 April 2015). 4107:; Baki Nicoară, Lucia (1999). 3188: 3162: 3052: 2985: 2972: 2957: 2841: 1723:Leon Șușman's resistance group 1627:The rebels had links with the 524:Unknown, but most likely light 1: 7867:Socialist Republic of Romania 6888:Japanese invasion of Thailand 6839:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran 6603:German invasion of Luxembourg 4977:Mediterranean and Middle East 3000:. pp. 103–104, 179–180. 2950: 2726:, and severely beaten by the 2687: 1633:Office of Policy Coordination 1605:Office of Policy Coordination 1552:member, and preserved by the 1458:Allied armistice with Romania 1278:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia 6795:Invasion of the Soviet Union 6484:Occupation of Czechoslovakia 5795:Independent State of Croatia 3466:10.1080/13518046.2010.526021 3288:Stoica, Stan (coordinator). 3148:10.1080/13518046.2010.526021 2818:. In 1959, 80 people led by 2239:Gheorghe Gheorghiu Mărășești 2235:Cross and Sword Organization 2044:National Liberation Movement 1827:from the state authorities. 1273:Fall of communism in Albania 1228:Polish Round Table Agreement 1183:Cuban intervention in Angola 7: 7786:End of World War II in Asia 7626:Western invasion of Germany 7133:Chinese famine of 1942–1943 7110:Second Battle of El Alamein 6673:Hundred Regiments Offensive 6645:Battle of the Mediterranean 6498:Italian invasion of Albania 4665:Air warfare of World War II 4406:Communist Terror in Romania 3877:Rezistența armată din Banat 3594:(in Romanian). 1 April 2004 3548:Săileanu, Aristina (2008). 3268:Communist Terror in Romania 3176:(in Romanian). 23 July 2019 2911: 2908:, many of whom died there. 1940:Bucovina Regional Battalion 1629:Central Intelligence Agency 1519:Romanian National Committee 661:Allied and satellite states 10: 7908: 7712:Naval bombardment of Japan 7073:First Battle of El Alamein 6992:Battle of Christmas Island 6937:Japanese invasion of Burma 6701:Italian invasion of Greece 6617:German invasion of Belgium 6589:German invasion of Denmark 6562:1939–1940 Winter Offensive 6431:Second Italo-Ethiopian War 4688:Comparative military ranks 3892:In: AS, 1998, 6, p.250-255 2616:); Șerban Secu; Ion Jijie 1492:to show their support for 1385:war of national liberation 1325:Romanian People's Republic 7862:Anti-communism in Romania 7801: 7633:Bratislava–Brno offensive 7573: 7564:Dutch famine of 1944–1945 7301: 7188:Allied invasion of Sicily 7142: 7041:Aleutian Islands campaign 7013:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign 6960: 6951:Greek famine of 1941–1944 6846:Second Battle of Changsha 6751:German invasion of Greece 6719: 6596:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang 6571: 6509: 6404: 6285: 6011: 5921: 5762: 5465: 5456: 5214: 5039: 4931:North and Central Pacific 4892: 4654: 4647: 4574: 2830:captured by the Romanian 2435:Gheorghe Corneliu Szavras 2255:; Aron and Vasile Spaniol 1880:List of resistance groups 1739:, a former member of the 1425:, at the time an ally of 1198:1984 Los Angeles Olympics 518: 505: 467: 208: 87: 51: 40: 28: 23: 7225:Allied invasion of Italy 7202:Solomon Islands campaign 6944:Third Battle of Changsha 6541:First Battle of Changsha 6447:Second Sino-Japanese War 5380:German military brothels 5246:United States war crimes 3916:11 November 2014 at the 3699:Dobrincu, Dorin (2006), 2527:Făgăraș Carpathian Group 2288:(Capt. Alexandru Suciu) 2204:Capotă-Dejeu group (Dr. 2080:Haiducii lui Avram Iancu 1919:Gavrilă Mihali Ștrifundă 1858:National Peasants' Party 1499:and protest against the 1470:Minister of the Interior 1331:". It was not until the 1019:Czechoslovakia 1976–1990 491:Haiducii lui Avram Iancu 7647:Second Guangxi campaign 7502:Philippines (1944–1945) 6999:Battle of the Coral Sea 6902:Fall of the Philippines 6548:Battle of South Guangxi 6454:Battles of Khalkhin Gol 5853:Italian Social Republic 4474:www.romania-insider.com 4445:Miroiu, Andrei (2010). 4380:Éditions Robert Laffont 3067:Nova Science Publishers 2859:House of the Free Press 2852:House of the Free Press 2465:Vlad Țepeș Organization 2448:Vlad Țepeș Organization 2426:Vlad Țepeș Organization 2414:Resistance point Fetea 2366:Great Romania Partisans 1474:first Sănătescu cabinet 1263:End of the Soviet Union 1238:Fall of the Berlin Wall 798: (until 1948) 773: (until 1977) 762: (until 1989) 696: (until 1961) 675: (until 1961) 531:Rest of them imprisoned 7892:Wars involving Romania 7887:Insurgencies in Europe 7232:Armistice of Cassibile 7027:Battle of Dutch Harbor 6978:Battle of the Java Sea 6881:Attack on Pearl Harbor 6781:Syria–Lebanon campaign 6774:Battle of South Shanxi 6744:Invasion of Yugoslavia 6527:Battle of the Atlantic 6141:Korean Liberation Army 5847:(until September 1943) 5804:(until September 1944) 5782:(until September 1944) 3266:(1999). "Chapter 10". 2854: 2719: 2700: 2163:Teodor Șușman (junior) 2126:National Defence Front 1874:National Liberal Party 1840: 1831:Structure and function 1805: 1699: 1589: 1579: 1556: 1423:advancing into Romania 952:Protests and uprisings 497:National Defence Front 222:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej 209:Commanders and leaders 7872:Rebellions in Romania 7396:Second Battle of Guam 7292:Bengal famine of 1943 7262:Second Battle of Kiev 7218:Battle of the Dnieper 7087:Kokoda Track campaign 6916:Battle of Wake Island 6788:East African campaign 6730:Battle of South Henan 6375:atrocities by Germans 6148:Korean Volunteer Army 5122:Occupation of Germany 4876:Music in World War II 4021:www.memorialsighet.ro 3992:www.memorialsighet.ro 2928:Anti-Soviet partisans 2849: 2706: 2695: 2670:; Fudulea brothers); 2595:Capt. Mihai Brâncuși 2583:Dumitru Apostol group 1904:Aristina Pop-Săileanu 1838: 1799: 1690: 1584: 1574: 1536: 1398:American intervention 1268:Post-Soviet conflicts 1253:Breakup of Yugoslavia 1156:Albanian–Soviet split 867:Anti-Soviet partisans 810:Related organizations 519:Casualties and losses 146:Anti-communist groups 79:Insurgency suppressed 7682:Surrender of Germany 7160:Battle of West Hubei 7117:Guadalcanal campaign 7080:Battle of Stalingrad 7006:Battle of Madagascar 5773:Albania protectorate 5560:(formerly Swaziland) 5269:Wehrmacht war crimes 5085:Expulsion of Germans 4869:Art and World War II 4767:British contribution 4716:Governments in exile 4431:on 24 February 2005. 4105:Gavrilă-Ogoranu, Ion 3773:Olari, Ioan (2016). 3307:21 June 2007 at the 3174:cherish-humanity.org 2795:re-education program 2359:; Gheorghe Ionescu; 1987:Vladimir Macoveiciuc 1849:distribution density 1762:Major Nicolae Dabija 1497:Michael I of Romania 1346:Carpathian Mountains 1248:Barricades in Latvia 1193:1980 Moscow Olympics 1173:Cuban Missile Crisis 163:National Peasantists 7882:Cold War rebellions 7772:Potsdam Declaration 7661:Italy (Spring 1945) 7424:Liberation of Paris 6874:Siege of Sevastopol 5885:(until August 1944) 5788:Wang Jingwei regime 5610:from September 1943 5570:from September 1944 5508:from September 1944 5368:Romanian war crimes 5359:Persecution of Jews 5345:Croatian war crimes 5315:Japanese war crimes 5129:Occupation of Japan 5078:First Indochina War 4790:Military production 4702:Declarations of war 4412:. pp. 122–123. 3862:Berzescu Atanasie, 3278:. pp. 225–234. 2923:Romanian Revolution 2736:Alexandru Nicolschi 2717:Mehedinți Mountains 2649:; Marin Dumitrașcu 2538:Ion Gavrilă Ogoranu 2134:, brothers Macavei) 2004:Gărzile lui Decebal 1708:Ion Gavrilă Ogoranu 1703:Ion Gavrilă Ogoranu 1692:Ion Gavrilă Ogoranu 1538:Gărzile lui Decebal 1512:, a coalescence of 1413:In March 1944, the 1394:Ion Gavrilă Ogoranu 1233:Revolutions of 1989 494:Haiducii Muscelului 256:Ion Gavrilă Ogoranu 7765:Surrender of Japan 7598:Battle of Iwo Jima 7447:Belgrade offensive 6853:Siege of Leningrad 6737:Battle of Shanggao 6666:British Somaliland 6631:Dunkirk evacuation 6582:Norwegian campaign 6520:Invasion of Poland 6347:Japanese prisoners 5308:Italian war crimes 5239:British war crimes 5154:Soviet occupations 4938:South-West Pacific 4825:Allied cooperation 4783:Military equipment 4410:St. Martin's Press 3733:, Octavian Roske, 3646:, Octavian Roske, 3508:Ionițoiu, Cicerone 3276:St. Martin's Press 2855: 2760:Gheorghe Arsenescu 2720: 2701: 2560:Gheorghe Arsenescu 2009:Gheorghe Vasilache 1841: 1816:Capital punishment 1806: 1710:, a member of the 1700: 1607:(OPC), trained in 1590: 1570:Corneliu Dragalina 1557: 1443:forced labor camps 1379:not permitted the 1223:Singing Revolution 997:Novocherkassk 1962 511:Several battalions 420:Constantin Eftimiu 244:Alexandru Drăghici 7839: 7838: 7797: 7796: 7640:Battle of Okinawa 7539:Burma (1944–1945) 7373:Mariana and Palau 7153:Tunisian campaign 6971:Fall of Singapore 6895:Fall of Hong Kong 6638:Battle of Britain 6491:Operation Himmler 6400: 6399: 6064:Dutch East Indies 5700:Southern Rhodesia 5452: 5451: 5352:Genocide of Serbs 5255:German war crimes 5232:Soviet war crimes 5225:Allied war crimes 5071:Division of Korea 5050:Chinese Civil War 4848:Strategic bombing 4760:Manhattan Project 4513:on 7 August 2016. 4372:Stéphane Courtois 4318:Evenimentul Zilei 4088:978-606-775-490-2 3784:978-606-797-008-1 3754:Cristian Troncotă 3735:Cristian Troncotă 3705:Codrul Cosminului 3686:978-606-775-490-2 3648:Cristian Troncotă 3563:978-973-8214-40-8 3229:bucladememorie.ro 3118:Curierul Românesc 3045:10.7202/1033884ar 3007:978-973-46-6127-5 2902:Sighetu Marmației 2803:On 18 July 1958, 2677: 2676: 2660:Haiducii Dobrogei 2555:Haiduks of Muscel 2547:Făgăraș Mountains 2521:Făgăraș Mountains 2461:Gheorghe Militaru 2455:Vrancea Mountains 2369:; brothers Blaj; 2349:Aurel Vernichescu 2309:Gheorghe Ungurașu 2299:Vasile Corduneanu 2192:Gheorghe Spulbatu 2118:Apuseni Mountains 2025:Silvestru Harsmei 1979:Gavril Vatamaniuc 1951:Constantin Cenușă 1862:Ploughmen's Front 1729:Apuseni Mountains 1716:Făgăraș Mountains 1696:Făgăraș Mountains 1683:Resistance groups 1669:Apuseni Mountains 1654:Făgăraș Mountains 1587:Apuseni Mountains 1510:elections of 1946 1506:Gheorghe Pintilie 1462:Northern Bukovina 1337:Nicolae Ceaușescu 1316: 1315: 1151:Sino-Soviet split 1131:Tito–Stalin split 1126:Czechoslovak coup 1104: 1103: 1044:Ukraine 1989–1991 982:East Germany 1953 924:Soviet occupation 535: 534: 233:Gheorghe Pintilie 83: 82: 7899: 7832: 7825: 7818: 7815:World portal 7813: 7812: 7788: 7781: 7774: 7767: 7758: 7751: 7744: 7735: 7728: 7721: 7714: 7707: 7700: 7691: 7684: 7677: 7675:Prague offensive 7670: 7668:Battle of Berlin 7663: 7656: 7649: 7642: 7635: 7628: 7621: 7614: 7612:Vienna offensive 7607: 7600: 7593: 7591:Battle of Manila 7586: 7566: 7557: 7548: 7541: 7532: 7525: 7518: 7511: 7504: 7497: 7490: 7481: 7472: 7465: 7456: 7449: 7442: 7435: 7426: 7419: 7412: 7405: 7398: 7391: 7384: 7375: 7368: 7359: 7350: 7341: 7334: 7332:Korsun–Cherkassy 7327: 7316: 7294: 7285: 7278: 7271: 7264: 7257: 7250: 7243: 7234: 7227: 7220: 7213: 7204: 7197: 7190: 7183: 7176: 7174:Bombing of Gorky 7169: 7162: 7155: 7135: 7128: 7119: 7112: 7105: 7096: 7089: 7082: 7075: 7068: 7057: 7050: 7043: 7036: 7034:Battle of Midway 7029: 7022: 7020:Battle of Gazala 7015: 7008: 7001: 6994: 6987: 6980: 6973: 6953: 6946: 6939: 6932: 6930:Battle of Borneo 6925: 6923:Malayan campaign 6918: 6911: 6904: 6897: 6890: 6883: 6876: 6869: 6867:Bombing of Gorky 6862: 6860:Battle of Moscow 6855: 6848: 6841: 6834: 6827: 6820: 6804: 6797: 6790: 6783: 6776: 6769: 6760: 6753: 6746: 6739: 6732: 6712: 6703: 6696: 6689: 6682: 6675: 6668: 6661: 6654: 6647: 6640: 6633: 6626: 6624:Battle of France 6619: 6612: 6605: 6598: 6591: 6584: 6564: 6557: 6550: 6543: 6536: 6529: 6522: 6500: 6493: 6486: 6479: 6477:Munich Agreement 6472: 6465: 6456: 6449: 6442: 6433: 6426: 6411: 6410: 6393: 6386: 6377: 6370: 6363: 6362:Soviet prisoners 6356: 6349: 6342: 6333: 6326: 6317: 6310: 6303: 6302:German prisoners 6298: 6278: 6269: 6262: 6255: 6250: 6243: 6236: 6229: 6222: 6215: 6208: 6201: 6194: 6187: 6180: 6173: 6166: 6159: 6150: 6143: 6136: 6129: 6122: 6115: 6108: 6101: 6094: 6087: 6080: 6073: 6066: 6059: 6052: 6045: 6038: 6031: 6024: 6004: 5997: 5990: 5983: 5976: 5969: 5962: 5955: 5948: 5941: 5934: 5914: 5907: 5900: 5893: 5886: 5878: 5871: 5864: 5855: 5848: 5840: 5833: 5831:French Indochina 5826: 5819: 5812: 5805: 5797: 5790: 5783: 5775: 5755: 5746: 5739: 5730: 5723: 5716: 5709: 5702: 5695: 5688: 5681: 5678:from August 1944 5669: 5662: 5655: 5648: 5641: 5634: 5627: 5620: 5613: 5601: 5594: 5587: 5580: 5573: 5561: 5553: 5546: 5539: 5532: 5525: 5518: 5511: 5499: 5492: 5485: 5478: 5463: 5462: 5443: 5436: 5429: 5422: 5415: 5404: 5389: 5382: 5375: 5370: 5361: 5354: 5347: 5338: 5331: 5324: 5322:Nanjing Massacre 5317: 5310: 5301: 5299:Nuremberg trials 5292: 5285: 5278: 5271: 5264: 5257: 5248: 5241: 5234: 5227: 5207: 5200: 5193: 5184: 5177: 5170: 5163: 5156: 5149: 5140: 5131: 5124: 5117: 5110: 5101: 5094: 5087: 5080: 5073: 5066: 5059: 5052: 5032: 5023: 5016: 5009: 5000: 4993: 4986: 4979: 4970: 4963: 4956: 4947: 4940: 4933: 4926: 4919: 4912: 4905: 4903:Asia and Pacific 4885: 4878: 4871: 4864: 4857: 4850: 4843: 4834: 4832:Mulberry harbour 4827: 4820: 4813: 4806: 4799: 4792: 4785: 4778: 4769: 4762: 4755: 4746: 4739: 4732: 4725: 4718: 4711: 4704: 4697: 4690: 4683: 4674: 4667: 4652: 4651: 4640: 4633: 4624: 4617: 4610: 4603: 4596: 4589: 4582: 4561: 4554: 4547: 4538: 4537: 4529: 4520:Georges Diener, 4519: 4514: 4509:. Archived from 4486: 4485: 4483: 4481: 4466: 4460: 4457: 4451: 4450: 4442: 4433: 4432: 4420: 4414: 4413: 4402:Deletant, Dennis 4398: 4387: 4368: 4362: 4359: 4350: 4349: 4337: 4331: 4330: 4328: 4326: 4308: 4302: 4301: 4299: 4297: 4284:Iancu, Mariana. 4281: 4275: 4272: 4266: 4263: 4257: 4256: 4254: 4252: 4235: 4226: 4225: 4223: 4221: 4203: 4197: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4175: 4169: 4166: 4160: 4157: 4151: 4150: 4148: 4146: 4140: 4134:. Archived from 4115: 4101: 4092: 4091: 4080: 4069: 4063: 4060: 4054: 4051: 4045: 4042: 4036: 4035: 4033: 4031: 4013: 4007: 4006: 4004: 4002: 3984: 3978: 3977: 3975: 3973: 3955: 3949: 3948: 3946: 3944: 3926: 3920: 3908: 3902: 3899: 3893: 3886: 3880: 3873: 3867: 3860: 3854: 3851: 3845: 3844: 3843: 3841: 3821: 3815: 3812: 3806: 3803: 3797: 3796: 3770: 3764: 3762: 3751: 3745: 3743: 3728: 3722: 3719: 3713: 3712: 3696: 3690: 3689: 3678: 3667: 3658: 3656: 3641: 3635: 3630:Brișcă, Adrian; 3628: 3622: 3619: 3613: 3610: 3604: 3603: 3601: 3599: 3582: 3576: 3575: 3545: 3539: 3536: 3530: 3527: 3521: 3516: 3505: 3499: 3496: 3490: 3487: 3478: 3477: 3447: 3438: 3434: 3425: 3418: 3412: 3411: 3381: 3375: 3374: 3372: 3370: 3362:Ziarul Financiar 3355:(28 July 2006). 3349: 3343: 3342: 3340: 3338: 3330:Ziarul Financiar 3323:(14 July 2006). 3317: 3311: 3299: 3293: 3286: 3280: 3279: 3264:Deletant, Dennis 3260: 3241: 3240: 3238: 3236: 3221: 3215: 3214: 3212: 3210: 3192: 3186: 3185: 3183: 3181: 3166: 3160: 3159: 3131: 3122: 3106: 3089: 3088: 3056: 3050: 3049: 3047: 3023: 3012: 3011: 2989: 2983: 2976: 2970: 2969: 2964:Miroiu, Andrei. 2961: 2918:Brașov Rebellion 2824:Câmpulung Muscel 2814:was executed in 2813: 2792: 2780:Gheorghe Cărăușu 2756:collectivization 2644: 2632:Gheorghe Cărăușu 2606:Arnota partisans 2535: 2501:Nicolae Grebenea 2486: 2357:Nicolae Popovici 2353:Petru Domășneanu 2346: 2335: 2218: 2200: 2188:Diamandi Ionescu 2183:, Traian Șușman) 2182: 2171: 2160: 2094: 2034:Crișul Alb River 1975: 1963: 1948: 1927: 1915:Țibleș Mountains 1912: 1887: 1886: 1778: 1661:Târgu Cărbunești 1409:Early resistance 1308: 1301: 1294: 1217: 1164: 1115: 960:Poland 1944–1989 944:Operation Jungle 863: 862: 859: 857: 811: 662: 572: 570: 564: 553: 552: 543: 537: 536: 462: 452: 451: 450: 444: 435: 434: 433: 418: 417: 416: 401: 400: 399: 393: 384: 383: 382: 375: 368: 358: 357: 356: 348: 340: 339: 338: 332: 323: 322: 321: 315: 306: 305: 304: 298: 292: 282: 281: 280: 265: 264: 263: 254: 253: 252: 242: 241: 240: 231: 230: 229: 220: 219: 218: 201: 200: 199: 190: 188: 187: 178: 176: 175: 144: 143: 142: 131: 129: 128: 106: 102: 100: 99: 53: 52: 45: 21: 20: 7907: 7906: 7902: 7901: 7900: 7898: 7897: 7896: 7842: 7841: 7840: 7835: 7828: 7821: 7807: 7805: 7793: 7784: 7777: 7770: 7763: 7754: 7747: 7740: 7731: 7726:Atomic bombings 7724: 7717: 7710: 7703: 7696: 7687: 7680: 7673: 7666: 7659: 7652: 7645: 7638: 7631: 7624: 7617: 7610: 7603: 7596: 7589: 7582: 7569: 7562: 7551: 7544: 7537: 7528: 7521: 7514: 7507: 7500: 7493: 7484: 7475: 7468: 7459: 7452: 7445: 7438: 7429: 7422: 7417:Eastern Romania 7415: 7410:Warsaw Uprising 7408: 7403:Tannenberg Line 7401: 7394: 7389:Western Ukraine 7387: 7378: 7371: 7362: 7353: 7344: 7337: 7330: 7319: 7310: 7297: 7290: 7281: 7274: 7267: 7260: 7253: 7246: 7239: 7230: 7223: 7216: 7207: 7200: 7193: 7186: 7181:Battle of Kursk 7179: 7172: 7165: 7158: 7151: 7138: 7131: 7122: 7115: 7108: 7099: 7092: 7085: 7078: 7071: 7062: 7053: 7046: 7039: 7032: 7025: 7018: 7011: 7004: 6997: 6990: 6985:St Nazaire Raid 6983: 6976: 6969: 6956: 6949: 6942: 6935: 6928: 6921: 6914: 6907: 6900: 6893: 6886: 6879: 6872: 6865: 6858: 6851: 6844: 6837: 6830: 6823: 6809: 6800: 6793: 6786: 6779: 6772: 6767:Anglo-Iraqi War 6765: 6758:Battle of Crete 6756: 6749: 6742: 6735: 6728: 6715: 6706: 6699: 6692: 6687:Eastern Romania 6685: 6678: 6671: 6664: 6657: 6650: 6643: 6636: 6629: 6622: 6615: 6608: 6601: 6594: 6587: 6580: 6567: 6560: 6553: 6546: 6539: 6532: 6525: 6518: 6505: 6496: 6489: 6482: 6475: 6468: 6461: 6452: 6445: 6438: 6429: 6422: 6396: 6389: 6382: 6373: 6366: 6361: 6352: 6345: 6338: 6329: 6322: 6313: 6306: 6301: 6294: 6281: 6274: 6265: 6258: 6253: 6248:Western Ukraine 6246: 6239: 6232: 6225: 6218: 6211: 6204: 6197: 6192:Northeast China 6190: 6183: 6176: 6169: 6162: 6155: 6146: 6139: 6132: 6125: 6118: 6111: 6104: 6097: 6090: 6083: 6076: 6069: 6062: 6055: 6048: 6041: 6034: 6027: 6020: 6007: 6000: 5993: 5986: 5979: 5972: 5965: 5958: 5951: 5944: 5937: 5930: 5917: 5910: 5903: 5896: 5891:Slovak Republic 5889: 5881: 5874: 5867: 5862:Empire of Japan 5860: 5851: 5843: 5836: 5829: 5822: 5815: 5808: 5800: 5793: 5786: 5778: 5771: 5758: 5751: 5742: 5735: 5726: 5719: 5712: 5705: 5698: 5691: 5684: 5672: 5665: 5658: 5651: 5644: 5637: 5630: 5623: 5616: 5604: 5597: 5590: 5583: 5576: 5564: 5556: 5549: 5542: 5535: 5528: 5521: 5514: 5502: 5495: 5488: 5481: 5474: 5448: 5439: 5432: 5425: 5418: 5407: 5392: 5385: 5378: 5374:Sexual violence 5373: 5366: 5357: 5350: 5343: 5334: 5327: 5320: 5313: 5306: 5297: 5288: 5281: 5274: 5267: 5260: 5253: 5244: 5237: 5230: 5223: 5210: 5203: 5196: 5189: 5180: 5173: 5166: 5159: 5152: 5143: 5134: 5127: 5120: 5113: 5104: 5097: 5092:Greek Civil War 5090: 5083: 5076: 5069: 5062: 5055: 5048: 5035: 5028: 5019: 5012: 5005: 4996: 4989: 4982: 4975: 4966: 4959: 4952: 4943: 4936: 4929: 4922: 4917:South-East Asia 4915: 4908: 4901: 4888: 4881: 4874: 4867: 4860: 4853: 4846: 4839: 4830: 4823: 4816: 4809: 4802: 4795: 4788: 4781: 4776:Military awards 4774: 4765: 4758: 4751: 4742: 4735: 4728: 4721: 4714: 4707: 4700: 4693: 4686: 4679: 4670: 4663: 4643: 4636: 4629: 4620: 4613: 4606: 4601: 4592: 4585: 4578: 4570: 4565: 4527: 4517: 4495: 4490: 4489: 4479: 4477: 4468: 4467: 4463: 4458: 4454: 4443: 4436: 4421: 4417: 4399: 4390: 4369: 4365: 4360: 4353: 4338: 4334: 4324: 4322: 4309: 4305: 4295: 4293: 4282: 4278: 4273: 4269: 4264: 4260: 4250: 4248: 4237: 4236: 4229: 4219: 4217: 4204: 4200: 4190: 4188: 4176: 4172: 4167: 4163: 4158: 4154: 4144: 4142: 4138: 4124: 4113: 4102: 4095: 4089: 4078: 4070: 4066: 4061: 4057: 4052: 4048: 4043: 4039: 4029: 4027: 4023:(in Romanian). 4015: 4014: 4010: 4000: 3998: 3994:(in Romanian). 3986: 3985: 3981: 3971: 3969: 3956: 3952: 3942: 3940: 3927: 3923: 3918:Wayback Machine 3909: 3905: 3900: 3896: 3887: 3883: 3875:Brișcă Adrian, 3874: 3870: 3861: 3857: 3852: 3848: 3839: 3837: 3822: 3818: 3813: 3809: 3804: 3800: 3785: 3771: 3767: 3756: 3752: 3748: 3737: 3729: 3725: 3720: 3716: 3707:(in Romanian), 3697: 3693: 3687: 3676: 3668: 3661: 3650: 3642: 3638: 3629: 3625: 3620: 3616: 3611: 3607: 3597: 3595: 3584: 3583: 3579: 3564: 3546: 3542: 3537: 3533: 3528: 3524: 3519:online document 3510: 3506: 3502: 3497: 3493: 3488: 3481: 3448: 3441: 3435: 3428: 3419: 3415: 3400: 3382: 3378: 3368: 3366: 3350: 3346: 3336: 3334: 3318: 3314: 3309:Wayback Machine 3300: 3296: 3287: 3283: 3261: 3244: 3234: 3232: 3223: 3222: 3218: 3208: 3206: 3193: 3189: 3179: 3177: 3168: 3167: 3163: 3132: 3125: 3113:Adrian Stănescu 3107: 3092: 3077: 3057: 3053: 3024: 3015: 3008: 2990: 2986: 2977: 2973: 2962: 2958: 2953: 2934:Vin americanii! 2914: 2844: 2807: 2805:Vasile Motrescu 2786: 2752:Elisabeta Rizea 2713:Banat Mountains 2690: 2672:Vulturii Daciei 2668:Nicolae Ciolacu 2638: 2572:Elisabeta Rizea 2568:Petru Arnăuțoiu 2529: 2493:Dumitru Coroamă 2480: 2375:Dumitru Isfănuț 2340: 2329: 2272:Alexandru Podea 2253:Leon Abăcioaiei 2212: 2210:Alexandru Dejeu 2194: 2176: 2174:Avisalon Șușman 2165: 2154: 2146:Gheorghe Șușman 2088: 2072:Rodna Mountains 2068:Bistrița-Năsăud 2057:Gligor Cantemir 2021:Andrei Ghivnici 2013:Filaret Gămălău 1999:Gheorghe Chiraș 1969: 1957: 1955:Vasile Motrescu 1942: 1921: 1906: 1882: 1870:Communist Party 1833: 1794: 1772: 1725: 1705: 1685: 1625: 1531: 1482: 1411: 1406: 1312: 1283: 1282: 1218: 1215: 1208: 1207: 1160: 1136:Berlin Blockade 1116: 1114:Cold War events 1113: 1106: 1105: 1029:Kazakhstan 1986 860: 855: 853: 846: 845: 812: 809: 802: 801: 663: 660: 653: 652: 573: 568: 562: 560: 550: 541: 530: 528: 458: 448: 446: 445: 431: 429: 428: 414: 412: 411: 397: 395: 394: 380: 378: 377: 371: 362: 354: 352: 351: 336: 334: 333: 319: 317: 316: 302: 300: 299: 286: 284:Vasile Motrescu 278: 276: 275: 261: 259: 258: 250: 248: 238: 236: 235: 227: 225: 224: 216: 214: 197: 195: 194: 185: 183: 182: 173: 171: 170: 148: 140: 138: 126: 124: 123: 97: 95: 71: 46: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7905: 7895: 7894: 7889: 7884: 7879: 7874: 7869: 7864: 7859: 7854: 7837: 7836: 7834: 7833: 7826: 7819: 7802: 7799: 7798: 7795: 7794: 7792: 7791: 7790: 7789: 7782: 7775: 7761: 7760: 7759: 7745: 7742:South Sakhalin 7738: 7737: 7736: 7722: 7715: 7708: 7701: 7694: 7693: 7692: 7678: 7671: 7664: 7657: 7650: 7643: 7636: 7629: 7622: 7615: 7608: 7601: 7594: 7587: 7579: 7577: 7571: 7570: 7568: 7567: 7560: 7559: 7558: 7542: 7535: 7534: 7533: 7519: 7512: 7505: 7498: 7491: 7482: 7473: 7466: 7457: 7450: 7443: 7436: 7427: 7420: 7413: 7406: 7399: 7392: 7385: 7376: 7369: 7360: 7351: 7342: 7335: 7328: 7317: 7307: 7305: 7299: 7298: 7296: 7295: 7288: 7287: 7286: 7279: 7265: 7258: 7251: 7244: 7237: 7236: 7235: 7221: 7214: 7205: 7198: 7191: 7184: 7177: 7170: 7167:Battle of Attu 7163: 7156: 7148: 7146: 7140: 7139: 7137: 7136: 7129: 7120: 7113: 7106: 7097: 7090: 7083: 7076: 7069: 7060: 7059: 7058: 7051: 7037: 7030: 7023: 7016: 7009: 7002: 6995: 6988: 6981: 6974: 6966: 6964: 6958: 6957: 6955: 6954: 6947: 6940: 6933: 6926: 6919: 6912: 6909:Battle of Guam 6905: 6898: 6891: 6884: 6877: 6870: 6863: 6856: 6849: 6842: 6835: 6832:Battle of Kiev 6828: 6821: 6807: 6806: 6805: 6791: 6784: 6777: 6770: 6763: 6762: 6761: 6747: 6740: 6733: 6725: 6723: 6717: 6716: 6714: 6713: 6704: 6697: 6690: 6683: 6676: 6669: 6662: 6655: 6648: 6641: 6634: 6627: 6620: 6613: 6606: 6599: 6592: 6585: 6577: 6575: 6569: 6568: 6566: 6565: 6558: 6551: 6544: 6537: 6530: 6523: 6515: 6513: 6507: 6506: 6504: 6503: 6502: 6501: 6494: 6487: 6480: 6473: 6459: 6458: 6457: 6450: 6436: 6435: 6434: 6419: 6417: 6408: 6402: 6401: 6398: 6397: 6395: 6394: 6387: 6380: 6379: 6378: 6371: 6359: 6358: 6357: 6343: 6336: 6335: 6334: 6331:United Kingdom 6327: 6320: 6319: 6318: 6299: 6291: 6289: 6283: 6282: 6280: 6279: 6272: 6271: 6270: 6263: 6251: 6244: 6237: 6230: 6223: 6216: 6209: 6202: 6195: 6188: 6181: 6174: 6167: 6160: 6153: 6152: 6151: 6144: 6130: 6123: 6116: 6109: 6102: 6095: 6088: 6081: 6074: 6067: 6060: 6053: 6046: 6039: 6032: 6025: 6017: 6015: 6009: 6008: 6006: 6005: 5998: 5991: 5984: 5977: 5970: 5963: 5956: 5949: 5942: 5935: 5927: 5925: 5919: 5918: 5916: 5915: 5908: 5901: 5894: 5887: 5879: 5872: 5865: 5858: 5857: 5856: 5841: 5834: 5827: 5820: 5813: 5806: 5798: 5791: 5784: 5776: 5768: 5766: 5760: 5759: 5757: 5756: 5749: 5748: 5747: 5733: 5732: 5731: 5728:British Empire 5721:United Kingdom 5717: 5710: 5703: 5696: 5689: 5682: 5670: 5663: 5656: 5649: 5642: 5635: 5628: 5621: 5614: 5602: 5595: 5588: 5581: 5574: 5562: 5554: 5547: 5540: 5537:Czechoslovakia 5533: 5526: 5519: 5512: 5500: 5493: 5486: 5479: 5471: 5469: 5460: 5454: 5453: 5450: 5449: 5447: 5446: 5445: 5444: 5437: 5434:Rape of Manila 5430: 5423: 5416: 5405: 5390: 5383: 5371: 5364: 5363: 5362: 5355: 5341: 5340: 5339: 5332: 5325: 5311: 5304: 5303: 5302: 5295: 5294: 5293: 5286: 5272: 5265: 5251: 5250: 5249: 5242: 5235: 5220: 5218: 5212: 5211: 5209: 5208: 5205:United Nations 5201: 5194: 5187: 5186: 5185: 5178: 5171: 5164: 5150: 5141: 5132: 5125: 5118: 5111: 5102: 5095: 5088: 5081: 5074: 5067: 5064:Decolonization 5060: 5053: 5045: 5043: 5037: 5036: 5034: 5033: 5026: 5025: 5024: 5010: 5003: 5002: 5001: 4994: 4987: 4973: 4972: 4971: 4964: 4950: 4949: 4948: 4941: 4934: 4927: 4920: 4913: 4898: 4896: 4890: 4889: 4887: 4886: 4879: 4872: 4865: 4858: 4851: 4844: 4837: 4836: 4835: 4828: 4814: 4807: 4800: 4793: 4786: 4779: 4772: 4771: 4770: 4756: 4749: 4748: 4747: 4740: 4737:United Kingdom 4733: 4719: 4712: 4705: 4698: 4691: 4684: 4677: 4676: 4675: 4660: 4658: 4649: 4645: 4644: 4642: 4641: 4634: 4627: 4626: 4625: 4618: 4611: 4599: 4598: 4597: 4583: 4575: 4572: 4571: 4564: 4563: 4556: 4549: 4541: 4535: 4534: 4531:Toma Arnăuțoiu 4525: 4515: 4494: 4493:External links 4491: 4488: 4487: 4461: 4452: 4449:. p. 676. 4434: 4415: 4388: 4363: 4351: 4348:(in Romanian). 4332: 4303: 4276: 4267: 4258: 4227: 4198: 4170: 4161: 4152: 4141:on 9 July 2021 4122: 4093: 4087: 4064: 4055: 4046: 4037: 4008: 3988:"Victor Lupșa" 3979: 3965:România liberă 3950: 3921: 3903: 3894: 3888:Matei, Tudor. 3881: 3868: 3855: 3846: 3816: 3807: 3798: 3783: 3765: 3746: 3723: 3714: 3691: 3685: 3659: 3636: 3632:Ciuceanu, Radu 3623: 3614: 3605: 3577: 3562: 3540: 3531: 3522: 3500: 3491: 3479: 3460:(4): 683–684. 3439: 3426: 3413: 3398: 3392:. p. 84. 3376: 3344: 3312: 3294: 3281: 3242: 3216: 3187: 3161: 3123: 3090: 3075: 3051: 3038:(1): 105–123. 3013: 3006: 2984: 2971: 2968:. p. 688. 2955: 2954: 2952: 2949: 2948: 2947: 2942: 2937: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2913: 2910: 2863:Vladimir Lenin 2843: 2840: 2820:Vasile Blănaru 2784:Ștefan Hălălău 2689: 2686: 2675: 2674: 2657: 2651: 2650: 2636:Ștefan Hălălău 2624: 2618: 2617: 2603: 2597: 2596: 2593: 2587: 2586: 2585: 2584: 2581: 2575: 2564:Toma Arnăuțoiu 2549: 2542: 2541: 2523: 2516: 2515: 2513:Constantin Dan 2510: 2504: 2503: 2497:Ioasaf Marcoci 2489:Grigore Caraza 2475: 2469: 2468: 2457: 2451: 2450: 2445: 2439: 2438: 2422: 2416: 2415: 2412: 2406: 2405: 2396: 2390: 2389: 2323: 2317: 2316: 2296: 2290: 2289: 2268:Gheorghe Pașca 2265: 2259: 2258: 2257: 2256: 2242: 2232: 2226: 2220: 2202: 2184: 2149: 2135: 2132:Nicolae Dabija 2128:– Hajduk Corps 2120: 2114: 2113: 2112: 2111: 2101: 2098:Gavril Olteanu 2086:Sumanele Negre 2074: 2064: 2063: 2053:Adrian Mihuțiu 2040: 2030: 2029: 1991:Petru Maruseac 1983:Ion Vatamaniuc 1936: 1930: 1929: 1901: 1895: 1894: 1891: 1881: 1878: 1832: 1829: 1802:Toma Arnăuțoiu 1793: 1790: 1724: 1721: 1704: 1701: 1684: 1681: 1624: 1621: 1600:anti-communist 1530: 1527: 1514:anti-communist 1481: 1478: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1402: 1377:Western powers 1314: 1313: 1311: 1310: 1303: 1296: 1288: 1285: 1284: 1281: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1243:January Events 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1219: 1214: 1213: 1210: 1209: 1206: 1205: 1200: 1195: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1158: 1153: 1148: 1143: 1138: 1133: 1128: 1123: 1117: 1112: 1111: 1108: 1107: 1102: 1101: 1100: 1099: 1094: 1089: 1084: 1079: 1071: 1070: 1064: 1063: 1062: 1061: 1056: 1054:Lithuania 1991 1051: 1046: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1026: 1021: 1016: 1015: 1014: 1009: 999: 994: 989: 984: 979: 974: 973: 972: 967: 954: 953: 949: 948: 947: 946: 941: 936: 931: 926: 918: 917: 911: 910: 909: 908: 903: 898: 893: 888: 883: 878: 870: 869: 861: 852: 851: 848: 847: 844: 843: 838: 833: 828: 821: 813: 808: 807: 804: 803: 800: 799: 793: 779: 774: 768: 763: 757: 752: 747: 742: 737: 732: 727: 722: 717: 712: 710:Czechoslovakia 707: 702: 697: 691: 686: 681: 676: 670: 664: 659: 658: 655: 654: 651: 650: 645: 640: 635: 630: 625: 620: 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 585: 580: 574: 559: 558: 555: 554: 546: 545: 533: 532: 525: 521: 520: 516: 515: 512: 508: 507: 503: 502: 498: 495: 492: 488: 487: 486: 481: 478: 470: 469: 468:Units involved 465: 464: 386:Nicolae Dabija 325:Toma Arnăuțoiu 246: 211: 210: 206: 205: 192:United Kingdom 166: 165: 160: 155: 135: 119: 118: 113: 90: 89: 85: 84: 81: 80: 77: 73: 72: 67: 65: 61: 60: 57: 49: 48: 38: 37: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7904: 7893: 7890: 7888: 7885: 7883: 7880: 7878: 7875: 7873: 7870: 7868: 7865: 7863: 7860: 7858: 7855: 7853: 7850: 7849: 7847: 7831: 7827: 7824: 7820: 7817: 7816: 7811: 7804: 7803: 7800: 7787: 7783: 7780: 7776: 7773: 7769: 7768: 7766: 7762: 7757: 7753: 7752: 7750: 7749:Kuril Islands 7746: 7743: 7739: 7734: 7730: 7729: 7727: 7723: 7720: 7716: 7713: 7709: 7706: 7702: 7699: 7695: 7690: 7686: 7685: 7683: 7679: 7676: 7672: 7669: 7665: 7662: 7658: 7655: 7651: 7648: 7644: 7641: 7637: 7634: 7630: 7627: 7623: 7620: 7616: 7613: 7609: 7606: 7602: 7599: 7595: 7592: 7588: 7585: 7581: 7580: 7578: 7576: 7572: 7565: 7561: 7556: 7555: 7550: 7549: 7547: 7543: 7540: 7536: 7531: 7527: 7526: 7524: 7520: 7517: 7516:Syrmian Front 7513: 7510: 7506: 7503: 7499: 7496: 7492: 7489: 7488: 7483: 7480: 7479: 7474: 7471: 7467: 7464: 7463: 7462:Market Garden 7458: 7455: 7451: 7448: 7444: 7441: 7437: 7434: 7433: 7428: 7425: 7421: 7418: 7414: 7411: 7407: 7404: 7400: 7397: 7393: 7390: 7386: 7383: 7382: 7377: 7374: 7370: 7367: 7366: 7361: 7358: 7357: 7352: 7349: 7348: 7343: 7340: 7336: 7333: 7329: 7326: 7322: 7321:Monte Cassino 7318: 7315: 7314: 7309: 7308: 7306: 7304: 7300: 7293: 7289: 7284: 7280: 7277: 7273: 7272: 7270: 7266: 7263: 7259: 7256: 7252: 7249: 7245: 7242: 7238: 7233: 7229: 7228: 7226: 7222: 7219: 7215: 7212: 7211: 7206: 7203: 7199: 7196: 7192: 7189: 7185: 7182: 7178: 7175: 7171: 7168: 7164: 7161: 7157: 7154: 7150: 7149: 7147: 7145: 7141: 7134: 7130: 7127: 7126: 7121: 7118: 7114: 7111: 7107: 7104: 7103: 7098: 7095: 7091: 7088: 7084: 7081: 7077: 7074: 7070: 7067: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7052: 7049: 7045: 7044: 7042: 7038: 7035: 7031: 7028: 7024: 7021: 7017: 7014: 7010: 7007: 7003: 7000: 6996: 6993: 6989: 6986: 6982: 6979: 6975: 6972: 6968: 6967: 6965: 6963: 6959: 6952: 6948: 6945: 6941: 6938: 6934: 6931: 6927: 6924: 6920: 6917: 6913: 6910: 6906: 6903: 6899: 6896: 6892: 6889: 6885: 6882: 6878: 6875: 6871: 6868: 6864: 6861: 6857: 6854: 6850: 6847: 6843: 6840: 6836: 6833: 6829: 6826: 6822: 6818: 6817: 6812: 6808: 6803: 6799: 6798: 6796: 6792: 6789: 6785: 6782: 6778: 6775: 6771: 6768: 6764: 6759: 6755: 6754: 6752: 6748: 6745: 6741: 6738: 6734: 6731: 6727: 6726: 6724: 6722: 6718: 6711: 6710: 6705: 6702: 6698: 6695: 6691: 6688: 6684: 6681: 6680:Baltic states 6677: 6674: 6670: 6667: 6663: 6660: 6656: 6653: 6649: 6646: 6642: 6639: 6635: 6632: 6628: 6625: 6621: 6618: 6614: 6611: 6607: 6604: 6600: 6597: 6593: 6590: 6586: 6583: 6579: 6578: 6576: 6574: 6570: 6563: 6559: 6556: 6552: 6549: 6545: 6542: 6538: 6535: 6531: 6528: 6524: 6521: 6517: 6516: 6514: 6512: 6508: 6499: 6495: 6492: 6488: 6485: 6481: 6478: 6474: 6471: 6467: 6466: 6464: 6460: 6455: 6451: 6448: 6444: 6443: 6441: 6437: 6432: 6428: 6427: 6425: 6421: 6420: 6418: 6416: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6403: 6392: 6388: 6385: 6381: 6376: 6372: 6369: 6365: 6364: 6360: 6355: 6351: 6350: 6348: 6344: 6341: 6337: 6332: 6328: 6325: 6324:United States 6321: 6316: 6312: 6311: 6309: 6305: 6304: 6300: 6297: 6293: 6292: 6290: 6288: 6284: 6277: 6273: 6268: 6264: 6261: 6260:Quốc dân Đảng 6257: 6256: 6252: 6249: 6245: 6242: 6238: 6235: 6231: 6228: 6224: 6221: 6217: 6214: 6210: 6207: 6203: 6200: 6196: 6193: 6189: 6186: 6182: 6179: 6175: 6172: 6168: 6165: 6161: 6158: 6154: 6149: 6145: 6142: 6138: 6137: 6135: 6131: 6128: 6124: 6121: 6117: 6114: 6110: 6107: 6103: 6100: 6096: 6093: 6089: 6086: 6082: 6079: 6075: 6072: 6068: 6065: 6061: 6058: 6054: 6051: 6047: 6044: 6040: 6037: 6033: 6030: 6026: 6023: 6019: 6018: 6016: 6014: 6010: 6003: 5999: 5996: 5992: 5989: 5985: 5982: 5978: 5975: 5971: 5968: 5964: 5961: 5960:Liechtenstein 5957: 5954: 5950: 5947: 5943: 5940: 5936: 5933: 5929: 5928: 5926: 5924: 5920: 5913: 5912:Collaboration 5909: 5906: 5902: 5899: 5895: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5880: 5877: 5873: 5870: 5866: 5863: 5859: 5854: 5850: 5849: 5846: 5842: 5839: 5835: 5832: 5828: 5825: 5821: 5818: 5814: 5811: 5807: 5803: 5799: 5796: 5792: 5789: 5785: 5781: 5777: 5774: 5770: 5769: 5767: 5765: 5761: 5754: 5750: 5745: 5741: 5740: 5738: 5737:United States 5734: 5729: 5725: 5724: 5722: 5718: 5715: 5711: 5708: 5704: 5701: 5697: 5694: 5690: 5687: 5683: 5679: 5675: 5671: 5668: 5664: 5661: 5657: 5654: 5650: 5647: 5643: 5640: 5636: 5633: 5629: 5626: 5622: 5619: 5615: 5611: 5607: 5603: 5600: 5596: 5593: 5589: 5586: 5582: 5579: 5575: 5571: 5567: 5563: 5559: 5555: 5552: 5548: 5545: 5541: 5538: 5534: 5531: 5527: 5524: 5520: 5517: 5513: 5509: 5505: 5501: 5498: 5494: 5491: 5487: 5484: 5480: 5477: 5473: 5472: 5470: 5468: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5455: 5442: 5438: 5435: 5431: 5428: 5427:Comfort women 5424: 5421: 5417: 5414: 5411: / 5410: 5406: 5403: 5400: / 5399: 5396: / 5395: 5391: 5388: 5387:Camp brothels 5384: 5381: 5377: 5376: 5372: 5369: 5365: 5360: 5356: 5353: 5349: 5348: 5346: 5342: 5337: 5333: 5330: 5326: 5323: 5319: 5318: 5316: 5312: 5309: 5305: 5300: 5296: 5291: 5287: 5284: 5280: 5279: 5277: 5276:The Holocaust 5273: 5270: 5266: 5263: 5262:forced labour 5259: 5258: 5256: 5252: 5247: 5243: 5240: 5236: 5233: 5229: 5228: 5226: 5222: 5221: 5219: 5217: 5213: 5206: 5202: 5199: 5195: 5192: 5188: 5183: 5179: 5176: 5172: 5169: 5165: 5162: 5158: 5157: 5155: 5151: 5148: 5147: 5142: 5139: 5138: 5133: 5130: 5126: 5123: 5119: 5116: 5115:Marshall Plan 5112: 5109: 5108: 5103: 5100: 5096: 5093: 5089: 5086: 5082: 5079: 5075: 5072: 5068: 5065: 5061: 5058: 5054: 5051: 5047: 5046: 5044: 5042: 5038: 5031: 5027: 5022: 5018: 5017: 5015: 5011: 5008: 5004: 4999: 4995: 4992: 4988: 4985: 4981: 4980: 4978: 4974: 4969: 4968:Eastern Front 4965: 4962: 4961:Western Front 4958: 4957: 4955: 4951: 4946: 4942: 4939: 4935: 4932: 4928: 4925: 4921: 4918: 4914: 4911: 4907: 4906: 4904: 4900: 4899: 4897: 4895: 4891: 4884: 4880: 4877: 4873: 4870: 4866: 4863: 4859: 4856: 4855:Puppet states 4852: 4849: 4845: 4842: 4838: 4833: 4829: 4826: 4822: 4821: 4819: 4815: 4812: 4808: 4805: 4801: 4798: 4797:Naval history 4794: 4791: 4787: 4784: 4780: 4777: 4773: 4768: 4764: 4763: 4761: 4757: 4754: 4750: 4745: 4744:United States 4741: 4738: 4734: 4731: 4727: 4726: 4724: 4720: 4717: 4713: 4710: 4706: 4703: 4699: 4696: 4692: 4689: 4685: 4682: 4678: 4673: 4669: 4668: 4666: 4662: 4661: 4659: 4657: 4653: 4650: 4646: 4639: 4635: 4632: 4628: 4623: 4619: 4616: 4612: 4609: 4605: 4604: 4600: 4595: 4591: 4590: 4588: 4584: 4581: 4577: 4576: 4573: 4569: 4562: 4557: 4555: 4550: 4548: 4543: 4542: 4539: 4532: 4526: 4523: 4516: 4512: 4508: 4504: 4503: 4497: 4496: 4476:. 30 May 2016 4475: 4471: 4465: 4459:Miroiu, p.682 4456: 4448: 4441: 4439: 4430: 4426: 4419: 4411: 4407: 4403: 4397: 4395: 4393: 4385: 4381: 4377: 4373: 4367: 4358: 4356: 4347: 4343: 4336: 4321:(in Romanian) 4320: 4319: 4314: 4307: 4292:(in Romanian) 4291: 4287: 4280: 4271: 4262: 4246: 4245: 4240: 4234: 4232: 4216:(in Romanian) 4215: 4214: 4209: 4202: 4187: 4186: 4181: 4174: 4165: 4156: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4125: 4123:973-95729-4-4 4119: 4112: 4111: 4106: 4100: 4098: 4090: 4084: 4077: 4076: 4068: 4059: 4050: 4041: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4012: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3983: 3968:(in Romanian) 3967: 3966: 3961: 3954: 3939:(in Romanian) 3938: 3937: 3932: 3925: 3919: 3915: 3912: 3907: 3898: 3891: 3885: 3878: 3872: 3865: 3859: 3850: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3820: 3811: 3802: 3794: 3790: 3786: 3780: 3776: 3769: 3760: 3755: 3750: 3741: 3736: 3732: 3731:Radu Ciuceanu 3727: 3718: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3695: 3688: 3682: 3675: 3674: 3666: 3664: 3654: 3649: 3645: 3644:Radu Ciuceanu 3640: 3633: 3627: 3618: 3609: 3593: 3592: 3587: 3581: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3544: 3535: 3526: 3520: 3514: 3509: 3504: 3495: 3486: 3484: 3475: 3471: 3467: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3454: 3446: 3444: 3433: 3431: 3424:, 23:4, p.676 3423: 3417: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3399:1-84788-324-9 3395: 3391: 3387: 3380: 3365:(in Romanian) 3364: 3363: 3358: 3354: 3353:Oprea, Marius 3348: 3333:(in Romanian) 3332: 3331: 3326: 3322: 3321:Oprea, Marius 3316: 3310: 3306: 3303: 3298: 3291: 3285: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3259: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3247: 3231:(in Romanian) 3230: 3226: 3220: 3205:(in Romanian) 3204: 3203: 3198: 3191: 3175: 3171: 3165: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3137: 3130: 3128: 3120: 3119: 3114: 3110: 3105: 3103: 3101: 3099: 3097: 3095: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3076:1-59454-251-1 3072: 3068: 3064: 3063: 3055: 3046: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3022: 3020: 3018: 3009: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2988: 2981: 2975: 2967: 2960: 2956: 2946: 2943: 2941: 2938: 2936: 2935: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2915: 2909: 2907: 2906:Sighet Prison 2903: 2899: 2894: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2879: 2874: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2853: 2848: 2839: 2835: 2833: 2827: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2811: 2806: 2801: 2798: 2796: 2790: 2785: 2781: 2778:and colonels 2777: 2776:Ioan Carlaonț 2773: 2769: 2768:Radu Ciuceanu 2766:. Historian 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2747: 2746:Gherla Prison 2743: 2742: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2728:secret police 2725: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2705: 2699: 2694: 2685: 2681: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2652: 2648: 2647:Radu Ciuceanu 2642: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2628:Ioan Carlaonț 2625: 2623: 2620: 2619: 2615: 2614:Ion Oprițescu 2611: 2610:Gheorghe Pele 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2598: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2588: 2582: 2579: 2578:Șerban-Voican 2576: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2556: 2552: 2551: 2550: 2548: 2544: 2543: 2539: 2533: 2528: 2524: 2522: 2518: 2517: 2514: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2505: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2484: 2479: 2476: 2474: 2471: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2456: 2453: 2452: 2449: 2446: 2444: 2441: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2427: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2417: 2413: 2411: 2408: 2407: 2404: 2400: 2399:Lazăr Caragea 2397: 2395: 2392: 2391: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2379:Nicolae Doran 2377:(Sfârlogea); 2376: 2372: 2368: 2367: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2351:; Acft. Cdr. 2350: 2344: 2339: 2338:Spiru Blănaru 2333: 2328: 2324: 2322: 2319: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2305: 2300: 2297: 2295: 2292: 2291: 2287: 2286: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2266: 2264: 2261: 2260: 2254: 2250: 2247:; Ioan Robu; 2246: 2243: 2240: 2236: 2233: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2221: 2216: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2198: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2180: 2175: 2169: 2164: 2158: 2153: 2152:Teodor Șușman 2150: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2136: 2133: 2129: 2127: 2123: 2122: 2121: 2119: 2116: 2115: 2109: 2108:Leonida Bodiu 2105: 2102: 2099: 2095: 2092: 2087: 2082: 2081: 2077: 2076: 2075: 2073: 2069: 2066: 2065: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2049:Valer Șirianu 2046: 2045: 2041: 2039: 2035: 2032: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2017:Dragoș Flocea 2014: 2010: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1973: 1968: 1965: 1961: 1956: 1952: 1946: 1941: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1931: 1925: 1920: 1916: 1910: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1896: 1892: 1889: 1888: 1885: 1877: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1853: 1850: 1846: 1837: 1828: 1826: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1803: 1798: 1789: 1787: 1783: 1782:friendly fire 1776: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1758:Eastern Front 1755: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1720: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1680: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1657: 1655: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1620: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1601: 1597: 1596: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1573: 1571: 1567: 1561: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1526: 1524: 1520: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1502: 1498: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1477: 1475: 1471: 1468:, the former 1467: 1463: 1459: 1454: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1437:to fight the 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1404:Preliminaries 1401: 1399: 1395: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1361:authoritarian 1357: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1321: 1309: 1304: 1302: 1297: 1295: 1290: 1289: 1287: 1286: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1258:Yugoslav Wars 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1220: 1212: 1211: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1194: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1163: 1159: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1147: 1146:Secret Speech 1144: 1142: 1139: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1129: 1127: 1124: 1122: 1121:Marshall Plan 1119: 1118: 1110: 1109: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1065: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1027: 1025: 1022: 1020: 1017: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1004: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 993: 990: 988: 985: 983: 980: 978: 975: 971: 968: 966: 963: 962: 961: 958: 957: 956: 955: 951: 950: 945: 942: 940: 937: 935: 932: 930: 927: 925: 922: 921: 920: 919: 916: 913: 912: 907: 904: 902: 899: 897: 894: 892: 889: 887: 884: 882: 879: 877: 874: 873: 872: 871: 868: 865: 864: 858: 850: 849: 842: 839: 837: 834: 832: 829: 827: 826: 822: 820: 819: 815: 814: 806: 805: 797: 794: 791: 787: 786:North Vietnam 783: 780: 778: 775: 772: 769: 767: 764: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 748: 746: 743: 741: 738: 736: 733: 731: 728: 726: 723: 721: 718: 716: 713: 711: 708: 706: 703: 701: 698: 695: 692: 690: 687: 685: 682: 680: 677: 674: 671: 669: 666: 665: 657: 656: 649: 646: 644: 641: 639: 636: 634: 631: 629: 626: 624: 621: 619: 616: 614: 611: 609: 606: 604: 601: 599: 596: 594: 591: 589: 586: 584: 581: 579: 576: 575: 571: 565: 557: 556: 548: 547: 544: 539: 538: 526: 523: 522: 517: 514:10,000 rebels 513: 510: 509: 504: 501: 500:...and others 496: 493: 490: 489: 485: 482: 479: 477: 474: 473: 472: 471: 466: 463: 461: 455: 443: 438: 427: 426: 421: 410: 409: 404: 392: 387: 376: 374: 366: 361: 360:Teodor Șușman 349: 343: 331: 326: 314: 309: 297: 290: 285: 274: 273: 268: 267:Ioan Carlaonț 257: 247: 245: 234: 223: 213: 212: 207: 204: 193: 181: 180:United States 169: 168:Supported by: 164: 161: 159: 156: 154: 151: 150: 149: 147: 136: 134: 122: 121:Supported by: 117: 114: 112: 109: 108: 107: 105: 92: 91: 86: 78: 75: 74: 70: 66: 63: 62: 58: 55: 54: 50: 44: 39: 36: 32: 27: 22: 19: 7823:Bibliography 7806: 7619:Project Hula 7584:Vistula–Oder 7553: 7486: 7477: 7461: 7431: 7380: 7364: 7355: 7346: 7312: 7209: 7124: 7100: 7063: 6814: 6707: 6652:North Africa 6354:Soviet Union 6308:Soviet Union 6234:Soviet Union 6219: 6002:Vatican City 5905:Vichy France 5810:German Reich 5707:Soviet Union 5693:South Africa 5686:Sierra Leone 5639:Newfoundland 5458:Participants 5441:Marocchinate 5145: 5136: 5106: 4984:North Africa 4945:Indian Ocean 4804:Nazi plunder 4695:Cryptography 4568:World War II 4528:(in English) 4511:the original 4501: 4478:. 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Capt. 2124: 2103: 2084: 2078: 2042: 2006: 1976: 1938: 1883: 1854: 1842: 1821:intimidation 1807: 1770:Muntele Mare 1733:Transylvania 1726: 1706: 1694:, leader of 1658: 1637:West Germany 1626: 1593: 1591: 1575: 1572:noted that: 1562: 1558: 1549: 1546:Vatra Dornei 1537: 1521:residing in 1490:Royal Palace 1483: 1455: 1427:Nazi Germany 1417:set foot in 1412: 1381:Soviet Union 1365:anti-Semitic 1358: 1354:Eastern Bloc 1319: 1317: 1092:to Hong Kong 1087:East Germany 1039:Tbilisi 1989 1024:Romania 1977 992:Hungary 1956 987:Georgia 1956 895: 823: 816: 715:East Germany 542:Eastern Bloc 527:2,000 killed 499: 459: 437:Victor Lupșa 424: 407: 372: 308:Iosif Capotă 271: 167: 153:Nationalists 137: 133:Soviet Union 120: 93: 88:Belligerents 29:Part of the 18: 7554:Bodenplatte 7440:Gothic Line 6659:West Africa 6206:Philippines 6185:Netherlands 6050:Czech lands 5988:Switzerland 5932:Afghanistan 5876:Philippines 5744:Puerto Rico 5660:Philippines 5646:New Zealand 5632:Netherlands 5585:Free France 5336:Prosecution 5137:Osoaviakhim 5007:West Africa 4991:East Africa 4638:Conferences 4518:(in French) 4370:Addenda in 4325:10 December 4296:11 December 4213:RFI România 4191:10 December 4145:15 December 4030:10 December 4001:10 December 3757: [ 3738: [ 3651: [ 3598:1 September 3511: [ 3202:RFI România 2945:Ioanid Gang 2893:mountains. 2878:Cluj-Napoca 2871:Aiud Prison 2842:In memoriam 2808: [ 2787: [ 2698:Cluj-Napoca 2639: [ 2530: [ 2481: [ 2403:Petru Vitan 2341: [ 2330: [ 2313:Petre Baciu 2280:Cornel Deac 2249:Ioan Crișan 2229:Sandu Maxim 2223:Ștefan Popa 2213: [ 2195: [ 2177: [ 2166: [ 2155: [ 2142:Simion Roșa 2138:Leon Șușman 2104:White Guard 2089: [ 1970: [ 1958: [ 1943: [ 1922: [ 1907: [ 1800:Lieutenant 1773: [ 1737:Leon Șușman 1501:Petru Groza 1466:Aurel Aldea 1451:Soviet Army 1178:Vietnam War 1168:Berlin Wall 1097:North Korea 1034:Brașov 1987 1002:Prague 1968 965:Poznań 1956 818:Warsaw Pact 777:South Yemen 755:North Korea 668:Afghanistan 588:Byelorussia 403:Aurel Aldea 363: [ 342:Leon Șușman 287: [ 158:Monarchists 7846:Categories 7654:West Hunan 7487:Pointblank 6816:Silver Fox 6802:Summer War 6555:Winter War 6534:Phoney War 6315:Azerbaijan 6276:Yugoslavia 6171:Luxembourg 6013:Resistance 5753:Yugoslavia 5618:Luxembourg 5420:Sook Ching 5216:War crimes 4818:Technology 4811:Opposition 4753:Lend-Lease 4730:Australian 4723:Home front 4681:Blitzkrieg 4631:Casualties 4622:Commanders 4594:Operations 4251:10 January 4132:1128904603 3793:1155629440 3388:. Oxford: 3235:7 November 3209:7 November 3142:(4): 679. 3032:Eurostudia 2951:References 2832:Securitate 2688:Repression 2387:Ioan Ienea 2371:Ion Tănase 2285:White Army 2276:Emil Oniga 2061:Ion Lulușa 1995:Ion Chiraș 1866:Iron Guard 1754:Royal Army 1749:Securitate 1741:Iron Guard 1731:region of 1712:Iron Guard 1645:Yugoslavia 1554:Securitate 1542:Iron Guard 1456:After the 1389:Securitate 1373:dissidents 1369:xenophobic 1188:Afghan War 1141:Korean War 977:Plzeň 1953 856:Opposition 796:Yugoslavia 750:Mozambique 648:Uzbekistan 633:Tajikistan 603:Kazakhstan 583:Azerbaijan 476:Securitate 116:Securitate 104:PR Romania 7719:Manchuria 7605:Indochina 7381:Bagration 6825:Lithuania 6470:Anschluss 6267:Viet Minh 6164:Lithuania 6106:Hong Kong 5869:Manchukuo 5824:Azad Hind 5483:Australia 5283:Aftermath 5146:Paperclip 5041:Aftermath 4841:Total war 4709:Diplomacy 4672:In Europe 3836:: 100–107 3711:: 179–194 3572:419501615 3474:144406270 3408:290552336 3180:31 August 3156:144406270 2891:Mehedinți 2724:Bucharest 2664:Gogu Puiu 2545:Southern 2519:Northern 2394:Hunedoara 2245:Ion Cârja 1899:Maramureș 1811:insurgent 1677:Satu Mare 1649:Bucharest 1486:Bucharest 1435:Wehrmacht 1431:guerrilla 1333:overthrow 1059:Riga 1991 1049:Baku 1990 939:Lithuania 831:Cominform 735:Kampuchea 638:Turkmenia 618:Lithuania 608:Kirghizia 563:Republics 454:Gogu Puiu 59:1947–1962 7830:Category 7779:document 7689:document 7546:Ardennes 7530:Budapest 7478:Crossbow 7356:Overlord 7195:Smolensk 6406:Timeline 6241:Slovakia 6227:Thailand 6078:Ethiopia 6043:Bulgaria 5967:Portugal 5898:Thailand 5780:Bulgaria 5558:Eswatini 5551:Ethiopia 5504:Bulgaria 5329:Unit 731 5290:Response 5107:Keelhaul 5057:Cold War 5030:Americas 5021:timeline 5014:Atlantic 4894:Theaters 4505:. Iași: 4480:15 April 4404:(1999). 4346:Adevărul 4290:Historia 4244:Adevărul 4185:Adevărul 3972:23 March 3914:Archived 3305:Archived 3272:New York 3085:57002619 2912:See also 2883:Teregova 2816:Botoșani 2741:Cuvântul 2715:and the 2709:Teregova 1934:Bucovina 1913:(in the 1698:movement 1419:Bukovina 1415:Red Army 1203:Gulf War 1007:Invasion 881:Bulgaria 745:Mongolia 720:Ethiopia 689:Bulgaria 623:Moldavia 506:Strength 64:Location 33:and the 31:Cold War 7756:Shumshu 7523:Hungary 7470:Estonia 7454:Lapland 7432:Dragoon 7365:Neptune 7347:Ichi-Go 7313:Tempest 7255:Changde 7210:Cottage 7102:Jubilee 6811:Finland 6709:Compass 6415:Prelude 6368:Finland 6254:Vietnam 6220:Romania 6092:Germany 6071:Estonia 6057:Denmark 6036:Belgium 6029:Austria 6022:Albania 5953:Ireland 5939:Andorra 5923:Neutral 5883:Romania 5817:Hungary 5802:Finland 5674:Romania 5566:Finland 5544:Denmark 5490:Belgium 5476:Algeria 5182:Romania 5168:Hungary 4924:Pacific 4648:General 4602:Leaders 4587:Battles 4580:Outline 4507:Polirom 3936:HotNews 3591:HotNews 3369:23 July 3337:23 July 2998:Polirom 2772:Craiova 2764:torture 2655:Dobruja 2634:; Col. 2630:; Col. 2622:Craiova 2491:, Gen. 2420:Covasna 2383:Ion Vuc 2327:Ion Uță 2307:group ( 2274:; Maj. 2190:group ( 2161:group ( 2140:group ( 2096:(Capt. 1860:, 10% 1752:of the 1727:In the 1665:Oltenia 1641:Austria 1595:hajduks 1550:Gărzile 1472:of the 1447:Siberia 1367:and/or 1342:hajduks 1329:bandits 1068:Dissent 970:1980–89 929:Estonia 906:Ukraine 896:Romania 886:Croatia 876:Albania 825:Comecon 782:Vietnam 771:Somalia 766:Romania 730:Hungary 725:Grenada 673:Albania 643:Ukraine 598:Georgia 593:Estonia 578:Armenia 566:of the 484:Miliția 460:† 373:† 344: ( 69:Romania 7733:Debate 7705:Taipei 7698:Borneo 7276:Tarawa 6463:Europe 6424:Africa 6213:Poland 6199:Norway 6178:Malaya 6157:Latvia 6099:Greece 6085:France 5981:Sweden 5946:Bhutan 5667:Poland 5653:Norway 5625:Mexico 5592:Greece 5578:France 5516:Canada 5497:Brazil 5467:Allies 5413:Serbia 5402:Poland 5175:Poland 5161:Baltic 4954:Europe 4656:Topics 4608:Allied 4386:, 2002 4130: 4120: 4085: 3840:30 May 3791: 3781: 3683: 3570: 3560: 3472: 3406: 3396: 3154: 3083: 3073: 3004: 2601:Vâlcea 2558:(Col. 2508:Bârlad 2443:Brașov 2304:Uturea 2208:, Dr. 2130:(Maj. 2023:, and 1997:, and 1825:terror 1673:Oradea 1643:, and 1617:Greece 1615:, and 1609:France 1082:Poland 1077:Soviet 1012:Moscow 934:Latvia 901:Serbia 891:Poland 760:Poland 679:Angola 628:Russia 613:Latvia 456: 439: 422: 405: 388: 369: 327: 310: 293: 269: 189: 177: 130: 101: 76:Result 7509:Leyte 7339:Narva 7325:Anzio 7283:Makin 7241:Burma 7125:Torch 7094:Rzhev 7048:Kiska 6134:Korea 6120:Japan 6113:Italy 5995:Tibet 5974:Spain 5845:Italy 5606:Italy 5599:India 5523:China 5398:Japan 4998:Italy 4910:China 4862:Women 4384:Paris 4139:(PDF) 4114:(PDF) 4079:(PDF) 3761:] 3742:] 3677:(PDF) 3655:] 3552:[ 3515:] 3470:S2CID 3152:S2CID 2887:Banat 2867:Aripi 2812:] 2791:] 2732:Paris 2643:] 2626:Gen. 2534:] 2485:] 2410:Sibiu 2345:] 2334:] 2325:Col. 2321:Banat 2294:Bacău 2231:group 2225:group 2217:] 2199:] 2181:] 2170:] 2159:] 2093:] 1974:] 1962:] 1947:] 1926:] 1911:] 1890:Area 1872:, 2% 1868:, 5% 1864:, 9% 1845:CNSAS 1786:Sibiu 1777:] 1766:Teiuș 1613:Italy 1544:near 1523:Paris 1350:Banat 700:Congo 694:China 684:Benin 367:] 291:] 7575:1945 7303:1944 7144:1943 7065:Blue 7055:Attu 6962:1942 6721:1941 6573:1940 6511:1939 6440:Asia 6287:POWs 6127:Jews 5838:Iraq 5764:Axis 5714:Tuva 5530:Cuba 4615:Axis 4482:2021 4327:2021 4298:2021 4253:2021 4222:2022 4193:2021 4147:2023 4128:OCLC 4118:ISBN 4083:ISBN 4032:2021 4003:2021 3974:2022 3945:2022 3842:2020 3789:OCLC 3779:ISBN 3681:ISBN 3600:2024 3568:OCLC 3558:ISBN 3437:1996 3404:OCLC 3394:ISBN 3390:Berg 3371:2022 3339:2022 3237:2020 3211:2020 3182:2020 3081:OCLC 3071:ISBN 3002:ISBN 2896:The 2889:and 2782:and 2591:Gorj 2263:Cluj 2251:and 2038:Arad 2036:and 1823:and 1566:Cluj 1494:King 1439:NKVD 1318:The 1216:Fall 740:Laos 705:Cuba 569:USSR 56:Date 3462:doi 3144:doi 3040:doi 2900:in 2015:), 1985:), 1917:); 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Knowledge

Romanian anti-communist resistance movement

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