1835:
formulae (tantras), he required the pearl from him, whereupon the dragon, unable to escape, took the pearl from his head and prepared to hand it over to the priest. The latter stretched out his left hand, at the same time making the "sword-sign"', a mudrā (mystic finger-twisting), with his right hand. The Dragon-king, however, said: "In former times, when the Dragon-king Sāgara's daughter gave a precious pearl to Cākyamuni, the latter received it with folded hands; why should a pupil of the Buddha accept it with one hand?" Then the priest folded his hands, giving up the mudrā, and was about to take the pearl, when the Dragon-king, no longer suppressed by the mystic sign, freed himself from his bands and ascended to the sky, leaving the abbot behind with empty hands, and destroying his boat. The only man who was saved was the priest himself. Afterwards the same abbot met
Bodhidharma, the patriarch, who came across the sea from Southern India (in 526), and together they went to Japan. (tr. de Visser 1913:189)
2272:
2252:
2288:
2446:
2331:
2361:
2423:
2380:
2308:
2403:
40:
1249:
2129:
1226:
572:
1917:
1789:). According to one's desires, treasures, clothing and food can be manifested, while sickness and suffering can be removed, water can be purified, etc. It is a metaphor for the teachings and virtues of the Buddha. … Said to be obtained from the dragon-king of the sea, or the head of the great fish, Makara, or the relics of a Buddha.
1642:
An instrument held, especially by the abbot of a temple, during ceremonies and sermons shaped as a short staff curled in an S-shape and made out of wood, or more precious materials, such as ivory. One end is broader than the other, and often has a metal plate with a decorative cloud-shaped stamp. It
1834:
There lived in
Northern India a Buddhist abbot, "Buddha's vow" by name, who for the sake of mankind sought the "Precious pearl which grants all desires". He went on board a ship and, when in the midst of the sea, by Buddha's power called up the Dragon-king. After having bound him by means of mystic
1741:
1896:49), "Then gifts are distributed. Sometimes the host provides a 'wishing tree' (Kalpa-vriksha), and gives it to the priests". Since it is unlikely that a real tree could have been given, Davidson (1950:247) notes that "some sort of symbolic tree was deemed appropriate as a gift to a
Buddhist
1388:
shows a radical change, in addition to the decorated end, two other smaller inlaid plaques or medallions, with one at the middle of the handle and the other at the base. Variations occur where the center medallion becomes a rectangle, or the second is omitted (Davidson 1950:242–243).
1457:
in general is of
Buddhist origin... It may very well be that the implement is Chinese in origin and even prebuddhistic, and that, as in so many other things, a kind of compromise took place, resulting in the assimilation and amalgamation of two ideas and two forms. (1912:339)
1059:"was originally made of iron, and was used 'for pointing the way' and also 'for guarding against the unexpected,' i.e. for self-defence. It was, in fact, a kind of blunt sword, and traces of basket-work are still to be found inside what must have been the sword-guard."
1205:
in 1793, and in his description (quoted by
Kieschnick 2003:139–140), "It is a whitish, agate-looking stone, about a foot and a half long, curiously carved, and highly prized by the Chinese, but to me it does not appear in itself to be of any great value."
1360:(220–589) through the Tang dynasty (618–906). It was a slender stick, varying from about 15 to 24 inches, which widened and curved slightly at one end. Not only were these utensils frequently portrayed by artists and sculptors, but the
714:
in early China, and was amalgamated with the
Buddhist symbol of authority. Davidson (1950:239) suggests "as desired" signifies a backscratcher owing to "its apparent ability to reach otherwise inaccessible areas of the human body".
1108:
was used in ancient times to give directions or to protect oneself from the unexpected. It was for this reason that it was made or iron, and not on the basis of strictly aesthetic considerations. If you can obtain an old iron
2445:
862:
was that of a scepter qualifying the holder to "take the floor." Its origin was probably in India where the branch of a tree seems to have served a similar function. Any other purposes the
2379:
1380:, which first appeared in the art of the Song dynasty (960–1279) has two forms. The first type shows minor elaborations upon the basic slender-handled structure of the early
2330:
2271:
2287:
2251:
1384:, but the slight curve at the top was exaggerated into a decorative ornament, a medallion-like form, frequently a stylized fungus. The second type of contemporary
1725:(1884:105) explained it denotes "power to produce whatever was wished". The Chinese Buddhist monk Yi Jing 義凈, who travelled in India from 673 to 695, translated
1129:
scepters became luxuriant symbols of political power that were regularly used in imperial ceremonies, and were highly valued as gifts to and from the
879:(r. 471–499 AD) wanted to retire from the throne, he tested his sons by letting them choose among a number objects, and the one who selected a bone
2422:
1453:
has developed from the lotus, though I think that the alternation of both is suggestive. But it is not necessary at all to assume that the
Chinese
1433:, which showed it held in his right hand taking the place of the usual sword. Laufer noted the artistic similarly between the curved handle of a
2307:
2577:
2402:
1307:) is often depicted holding a ruyi. Stylized repetitions of the shape are incorporated as a motif in the depiction of heavenly clouds.
895:
symbolized imperial political power, it differed from the
Western royal scepter because Chinese officials and monks commonly used it.
193:
653:(tr. Edkins 1904: 238), "I fear that though your Majesty acts in this way you will still not obtain what accords with your wish."
458:
variously made of gold, silver, iron, bamboo, wood, ivory, coral, rhinoceros horn, lacquer, crystal, jade, and precious gems.
2360:
1202:
2611:
1217:, pointers for public speakers, prized icons of political power and wealth, and auspicious gifts expressing best wishes.
1396:
is usually depicted holding a sword (representing wisdom that cuts through ignorance), except in representations of his
2452:
1987:
866:
served, such as a note tablet, honorific insignia, good luck gift, or even backscratcher, were merely later accruals."
502:
meaning "as desired; as one wishes, as one likes; according to one's wishes; following your heart's desires", or as an
1697:, to lean on when sitting, or also occasionally to strike a student. (Diener, Erhard, and Fischer-Schreiber 1991:119)
1113:
inlaid with gold and silver that sparkle now and then, and if it has an ancient dull color, this is the best. As for
1410:
scepter instead(Davidson 1950:240). This representation expanded in the 10th century, concurrent with the change in
415:'as desired', ' as wish') is a Chinese curved decorative object that serves as either a ceremonial
1801:"wish-fulfilling gem" explains the dichotomy between it being both a mundane backscratcher and a Buddhist symbol.
1462:
Admitting that the "original significance of this implement has been lost long ago", Laufer hypothesized that the
2046:
876:
891:
common at court, but it had even begun to take on emblematic significance as the mark of a ruler." Although the
2621:
1634:
1467:
884:
390:
286:
137:
1438:
2413:
2222:
2010:
1975:
1020:
680:"a ceremonial scepter" used by Buddhist monks in India, who later brought it to China, transliterated as
2595:
2547:
1134:
49:
1117:
made of natural branches or from bamboo and so on, these are all worthless. (tr. Kieschnick 2003:151)
887:(r. 500–515). Kieschnick (2003:144) concludes "that by the end of the sixth century, not only was the
2616:
2147:
1011:
biography of Li Xun (tr. Davidson 1950:247) says this occurred on a hot summer day and the emperor's
719:
560:
536:
to mean considering things only from a positive perspective; to be overly optimistic in one's plans.
2589:
1983:
1840:
626:
972:
855:
858:. Davidson (1950:247) says "there seems no doubt that the primary and original function of the
471:
2555:
The
Buddhist Conquest of China: The Spread and Adaptation of Buddhism in Early Medieval China
1524:
in his right and a book-roll in his left. A 12th-century
Manjusri painting attributed to the
582:
300:
20:
2626:
2143:如意 "as desired; as wishes" means "ease; comfort; freedom" or "(Buddhist) priest's staff".
1765:寶珠 "precious pearl; jewel". This famous term is frequently used in literature and art. The
1494:
1338:
1252:
622:
360:
2212:
Nyoi-jizai 如意自在 "as-desired carefree, completely free and unconstrained" is the name of a
1213:"as desired", they have been used as backscratchers, ritual objects in Buddhism and later
1070:
became popular as ornaments or gifts symbolizing blessings and good luck. The ca. 1627 AD
1016:
8:
2385:
2262:
1968:
1935:
1490:
650:
556:
481:"as; like; such as; as if; for example; supposing; be like; be similar; accord with" and
216:
2045:
Murong Ruyi 慕容如意 was a son of General Murong Baiyao 慕容白曜, both of whom were executed by
1689:
The scepter has a slight S-shaped curve, like a human spinal column. The rōshi uses the
1505:
2183:
2030:
912:
2583:
2174:
2237:
1930:
In addition to its use in Buddhist terminology, the Chinese word has other meanings.
1554:
1509:
1398:
548:
1643:
is said to originally have been a back-scratcher that was carried by Buddhist monks.
2170:
2113:
1738:
1537:
1508:(1420–1506) showed one in his left hand and nothing in his right. Kichizan Minchō (
1442:
1419:
1290:
1194:
1172:
1146:
1130:
1075:
1038:
1007:
980:
950:
921:
837:
815:
781:
757:
727:
685:
604:
511:
491:
439:
428:
420:
95:
62:
488:"wish; will; desire; intention; suggestion; thought; idea; meaning; imagination".
2541:
A Record of the Buddhist Religion as Practised in India and the Malay Archipelago
2471:
2217:
2117:
1959:
1924:
1749:"wish-fulfilling jewel; jewel that grants all desires" is translated either with
1718:
665:
657:
552:
2567:
2532:
1517:
395:
69:
2631:
2103:
2075:
2057:
1859:
1237:
172:
165:
116:
2195:
230:
2605:
2571:
2476:
2433:
2322:
2233:
2187:
2038:
2020:
1357:
1280:
1030:
799:
749:
711:
447:
506:
meaning "satisfied, pleased, happy, comfortable". The word is combined with
2502:
Diener, Michael S., Franz-Karl Erhard, and Ingrid Fischer-Schreiber. 1991.
2318:
1714:
1652:
1580:
1525:
1471:
1425:
Berthold Laufer (1912: 339) believed the first Chinese representation of a
1361:
1349:
1322:
1122:
1093:
1063:
1034:
968:
499:
102:
599:
history uses it both literally for "as desired" and for the given name of
2298:
2278:
1943:
1904:
1722:
1439:
lotus blossom, which was frequently depicted in the hands of Bodhisattvas
1403:
1268:
1241:
586:
186:
1365:
39:
2371:
1998:
1963:
1920:
1369:
1330:
438:
has a long S-shaped handle and a head fashioned like a fist, cloud, or
2209:, and the site of a 1509 AD battle, the Nyoi-gatake no Tatakai 如意ケ嶽の戦い
1167:" with precious stones set in both heads and middle of the handle and
485:
478:
2466:
2393:
2348:
2080:
2002:
1947:
1888:
1855:
1777:-jewel; magical jewel, which manifests whatever one wishes for (Skt.
1596:
1482:
1260:
774:) "deer tail" (analogous to a fly whisk), which practitioners of the
642:
503:
130:
1325:
patterns, folk artifacts, and even modern corporate logos. Stylized
2107:
2094:
2074:
Ruyiguan 如意館 "as-desired palace" was a Qing dynasty library in the
2067:
1979:
1734:
1550:
1430:
1393:
1334:
1313:
1286:
1248:
1229:
744:) during conversations and other social occasions. It was called a
600:
544:
337:
151:
2495:
Davidson, J. LeRoy. 1950. "The Origin and Early Use of the Ju-i",
2213:
1813:
1657:
902:
when teaching gave the holder the right to talk. The biography of
668:. Scholars have proposed two basic theories for the origin of the
2437:
2098:
2084:
2053:
1952:
Ruyiniang 如意娘 "as-desired woman" was the name of a Tang dynasty
1884:
1528:
a sword in his right and a sacred lotus-flower in his left hand.
1137:, Qing craftsmen elaborated the traditional handle and head type
903:
776:
637:
451:
416:
177:
2490:
Si-Yu-Ki: Buddhist Records of the Western World, by Hiuen Tsiang
2451:
A pair of jade Vietnamese ruyi scepters (Nguyễn dynasty) in the
2128:
1225:
2509:
Edkins, Joseph (1904), "The Ju-i, or Scepter of Good Fortune",
2352:
2344:
2341:
2162:
1809:
1298:
1214:
1180:
1154:
1083:
1046:
988:
958:
929:
871:
845:
823:
789:
765:
735:
693:
631:
612:
529:
519:
431:. The "ruyi" image frequently appears as a motif in Asian art.
424:
400:
249:
1584:"wish fulfilling tree; the manifestation of what one wishes",
2229:
2206:
2088:
1962:如意金箍棒 "as-desired gold banded cudgel" is a magical weapon of
1953:
1276:
917:
907:
595:
323:
263:
1392:
In early Chinese and Japanese Buddhist art, the bodhisattva
1356:
was common in Buddhist sculpture and painting from the late
2166:
2133:
1854:如意無貪 "fulfill wishes without craving" translates Analu 阿那律
1561:. The primary terms and Chinese/Japanese translations are:
1793:
Erik Zürcher (1997:407) suggests that association between
571:
1648:
589:(206 BC – 24 AD) contain the earliest usages of the word
446:
are constructed from diverse materials. For example, the
198:
156:
142:
1916:
1600:"wish-fulfilling jewel; jewel that grants all desires",
1500:
Japanese painters variously pictured Manjusri holding a
2037:
Besides Prince Liu Ruyi (above), Ruyi is used in other
664:
are "more unsatisfactory" than for any other object in
798:) "pure conversation" movement popularized during the
365:
1449:
I do not mean to say that the Buddhist emblem called
121:
107:
2518:
Introduction to the History of Chinese Pictorial Art
1531:
1092:) "Treatise on Superfluous Things", by Ming painter
997:) (d. 835) and said (tr. Kieschnick 2003:145), "The
305:
291:
2592:, The Literature, Culture, and Society of Singapore
1474:"symbol of light, generative power and fertility".
1418:became an attribute of other divinities as well as
1027:were both emblems of power and tools of discourse.
672:, writes Kieschnick (2003:141). The former is that
2525:The Impact of Buddhism on Chinese Material Culture
2205:Nyoigatake 如意ケ嶽 "as-desired peak" is located near
2580:, Glossary of Terms for Antique Chinese Porcelain
2533:Jade, a Study in Chinese Archaeology and Religion
2228:Nyoi no Watashi 如意の渡し "as-desired crossing" is a
2201:Besides temples, some other proper names include
748:談柄 "conversation baton" (cf. the Native American
660:(1912:336) said that the Chinese accounts of the
2603:
1275:scepters often appear as attributes of Buddhist
235:
221:
2018:如意草 "as-desired plant" is the greater burdock,
1991:, in which ruyi scepters play an important role
1674:
2093:Ruyimen 如意門 "as-desired gate" is a historical
1668:
1321:shape appears as a motif in decorative knots,
342:
328:
1821:
1544:
722:(266–420 AD), literati and nobles often held
718:During the Later Han dynasty (25–220 AD) and
67:
2586:, The Traditional China: China Culture Index
2504:The Shambhala Dictionary of Buddhism and Zen
268:
254:
2123:
2083:如意湖 "as-desired lake", a lake located near
1891:Buddhism, who is usually depicted with the
1429:was in an 8th-century Mañjuśrī painting by
1209:During the historical evolution of Chinese
410:
2568:Ruyi Scepters in the Qing Court Collection
2396:'s "Thirteen Emperors Scroll", 7th century
1911:
1520:(1559–1635) showed the Bodhisattva with a
1263:'s "Thirteen Emperors Scroll", 7th century
649:meaning "as you wish" in an audience with
38:
1693:, for example, to emphasize a point in a
910:(538–597) says that when he was teaching
2127:
2116:如意坊 "as-desired lane", a station on the
1915:
1247:
1224:
570:
547:into other East Asian languages such as
2139:In modern Japanese usage, the loanword
1568:"a ceremonial mace; a priest's staff",
938:) (515–577), Huisi would sit holding a
575:Qing dynasty wood and jade three-inlay
2604:
2340:motif depicts heavenly clouds in this
2277:Manjusri debates Vimalakirti, copy of
1019:", which is believed to be cooling in
1015:present was made from "heat-repelling
427:symbolizing power and good fortune in
2453:National Museum of Vietnamese History
1133:. Since 3 and 9 are considered lucky
16:Curved decorative scepter or talisman
1942:Ruyi 如意 "as-desired" was the 692 AD
1372:, has preserved several 8th-century
883:(symbolizing political rule) became
1858:, one of the original disciples of
1504:in either hand (Laufer 1912:338).
1193:" presentational sets of nine. The
13:
2536:. Field Museum of Natural History.
2009:) is a therapeutic preparation in
1974:Ruyi 如懿 is the fictional name for
1477:Two of the emperors in the famous
1311:symbolize achieving prosperity in
1001:may serve you as a lecture baton (
875:history records a story that when
621:) (d. 195 BC), who was the son of
14:
2643:
2561:
2506:. Michael H. Kohn, tr. Shambhala.
1966:in the ca. 1590 AD Chinese novel
1532:Word usage in East Asian Buddhism
942:in his hand (Davidson 1950:244).
802:period (220–589 AD). Besides the
2444:
2421:
2401:
2378:
2359:
2329:
2306:
2286:
2270:
2250:
1820:legend involving the monk Foshi
1376:(Davidson 1950:242). The modern
971:(618–907) stories, records that
810:"discussion stick" included the
2047:Emperor Xianwen of Northern Wei
1988:Ruyi's Royal Love in the Palace
1871:如意輪 "wish-fulfilling wheel" or
877:Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei
199:
178:
157:
143:
2029:如意玩具 "as-desired toys" names "
1767:Digital Dictionary of Buddhism
1655:, the ceremonial scepter of a
1635:Digital Dictionary of Buddhism
1303:
1185:
1159:
1088:
1051:
993:
963:
934:
885:Emperor Xuanwu of Northern Wei
850:
828:
794:
770:
740:
698:
617:
524:
405:
394:
366:
306:
292:
236:
122:
108:
68:
1:
2548:The Dragon in China and Japan
2527:. Princeton University Press.
2482:
1812:" by Kōen 皇圓, the teacher of
898:In Buddhist usage, holding a
752:) and was used much like the
645:(78–37 BCE) quotes him using
641:astrologer and mathematician
2539:Takakusu Junjiro, tr. 1896.
2414:Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro
2223:Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro
2011:traditional Chinese medicine
1976:Hoifa-Nara, the Step Empress
1329:often function as a kind of
1021:traditional Chinese medicine
967:), which is a collection of
706:. The latter theory is that
7:
2460:
1879:如意輪観音 translates Sanskrit
1843:Buddhist translations are:
1675:
1402:discussion with the layman
543:was borrowed as a Buddhist
10:
2648:
2612:Buddhist ritual implements
2516:Giles, Herbert A. (1912),
2243:
2056:'s character in the movie
1721:. The Buddhist translator
1632:scepter is defined in the
1466:may have developed from a
1337:in traditional and modern
1201:to the British ambassador
1135:numbers in Chinese culture
854:) made from the tail of a
806:, other objects used as a
566:
50:Philadelphia Museum of Art
18:
2257:Young Manjusri holding a
2148:Buddhist temples in Japan
2106:如意镇 "as-desired town" in
1826:"Buddha's Vow" (Japanese
1822:
1669:
1557:subsequently borrowed as
1545:
1536:With the introduction of
1513:
1294:
1176:
1150:
1079:
1042:
1037:archaeologist Zhao Xigu (
984:
954:
925:
841:
819:
785:
761:
731:
689:
676:originated from Sanskrit
608:
561:Sino-Xenic pronunciations
515:
377:
359:
354:
350:
343:
336:
329:
322:
317:
299:
285:
280:
276:
269:
262:
255:
248:
243:
229:
215:
210:
192:
185:
171:
164:
150:
136:
129:
115:
101:
94:
89:
85:
77:
61:
56:
37:
33:
28:
2530:Laufer, Berthold, 1912.
2523:Kieschnick, John. 2003.
2488:Beal, Samuel, tr. 1884.
2124:Other usages in Japanese
1997:如意油 "as-desired oil" or
1984:Chinese television drama
1540:, scholars used Chinese
1479:Thirteen Emperors Scroll
1406:, when Manjusri holds a
1285:. The god of prosperity
916:in place of his teacher
2546:de Visser, M. W. 1913.
1912:Other usages in Chinese
1808:扶桑略記 "Brief History of
1437:and the long stem of a
832:) "discussion fan" and
461:
2411:illustration from the
2136:
1927:
1837:
1816:, recounts a Japanese
1791:
1699:
1645:
1460:
1264:
1245:
1220:
1119:
1033:(1912:185) quoted the
579:
222:
2622:Mythological clothing
2553:Zürcher, Erik. 1997.
2511:East of Asia Magazine
2317:with carved flowers,
2131:
1919:
1903:法輪 "wheel of dharma,
1883:, a manifestation of
1832:
1771:
1745:Third, the legendary
1737:day celebration (tr.
1687:
1640:
1549:to translate various
1489:(Davidson 1950:247),
1485:(d. 673) are holding
1447:
1422:(Davidson 1950:244).
1414:forms, and holding a
1251:
1228:
1102:
1055:) (d. 1240) that the
979:to his tutor Li Xun (
583:Chinese classic texts
574:
559:, with corresponding
2584:"As You Wish" (Ruyi)
1895:magic jewel and the
1495:Emperor Xuan of Chen
1348:are seen in Chinese
1253:Emperor Xuan of Chen
623:Emperor Gaozu of Han
532:" in the expression
287:Revised Romanization
194:Baxter–Sagart (2014)
19:For other uses, see
2520:, Bernard Quaritch.
2386:Emperor Wen of Chen
2297:and riding a lion,
2293:Manjusri holding a
1969:Journey to the West
1757:珠 "pearl; bead" or
1701:Second, the divine
1647:In some schools of
1491:Emperor Wen of Chen
975:presented an ivory
906:Buddhist patriarch
702:) or translated as
656:The anthropologist
651:Emperor Yuan of Han
593:. For example, the
217:Vietnamese alphabet
2598:, Chinese Knotting
2574:Digital Exhibition
2550:. Johannes Müller.
2432:on display at the
2184:Pure Land Buddhism
2137:
1928:
1797:and the legendary
1733:in describing the
1516:) (1352–1431) and
1364:treasure house of
1265:
1246:
580:
2301:, c. Tang dynasty
2238:Toyama Prefecture
2132:Nyoiji Temple in
2052:Pang Ruyi 逄如意 is
1956:poem by Wu Zetian
1555:Buddhism in Japan
1538:Buddhism to China
1493:(r. 559–566) and
1399:Vimalakirti Sutra
856:Père David's deer
635:biography of the
466:The Chinese term
454:has nearly 3,000
413:
381:
380:
373:
372:
313:
312:
301:McCune–Reischauer
206:
205:
138:Yale Romanization
96:Standard Mandarin
2639:
2617:Chinese folk art
2448:
2428:A collection of
2425:
2405:
2382:
2363:
2333:
2310:
2290:
2274:
2254:
1825:
1824:
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1125:(1644–1912 AD),
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2190:, famous for a
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2150:are named with
2126:
2118:Guangzhou Metro
1960:Ruyi Jingu Bang
1925:Ruyi Jingu Bang
1914:
1873:Ruyilun Guanyin
1839:Two additional
1787:cintāmaṇi-ratna
1719:Hindu mythology
1666:
1534:
1223:
1017:rhinoceros horn
973:Emperor Wenzong
964:Dù yáng zá biān
869:The ca. 554 AD
666:Chinese culture
658:Berthold Laufer
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361:Revised Hepburn
211:Vietnamese name
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1497:(r. 569–582).
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1982:in the 2018
1967:
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1727:kalpavriksha
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1715:wishing tree
1710:
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1703:kalpavriksha
1702:
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1694:
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1581:kalpavriksha
1579:
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1518:Kanō Sanraku
1501:
1499:
1486:
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1472:Zhou dynasty
1463:
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1454:
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1448:
1441:, e.g., the
1434:
1426:
1424:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1397:
1391:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1353:
1352:. The early
1350:Buddhist art
1345:
1343:
1339:architecture
1326:
1323:Oriental rug
1318:
1312:
1308:
1302:
1281:
1272:
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1198:
1197:presented a
1190:
1184:
1168:
1164:
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1142:
1138:
1126:
1123:Qing dynasty
1120:
1114:
1110:
1105:
1103:
1100:aesthetics.
1097:
1096:, discussed
1094:Wen Zhenheng
1089:cháng wù zhì
1087:
1071:
1067:
1064:Ming dynasty
1061:
1056:
1050:
1035:Song dynasty
1029:
1024:
1012:
1006:
1002:
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969:Tang dynasty
962:
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697:
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627:Concubine Qi
616:
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581:
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538:
534:ruyi suanpan
533:
523:
507:
500:stative verb
498:either as a
495:
490:
482:
475:
467:
465:
455:
443:
435:
433:
404:
385:
384:
382:
103:Hanyu Pinyin
57:Chinese name
45:
2627:Magic items
2578:Ruyi (Ju-i)
2299:Yulin Caves
2279:Mogao Caves
2263:Kanō Tan'yū
2234:Oyabe River
2220:'s 1781 AD
2196:En no Gyōja
2031:Toys "R" Us
1946:of Empress
1944:regnal name
1936:proper noun
1905:dharmacakra
1806:Fusō ryakki
1723:Samuel Beal
1681:instead of
1665:bone, relic
1620:First, the
1526:Kose School
1506:Sesshū Tōyō
1468:ritual jade
1404:Vimalakirti
1368:temple, in
1279:and Daoist
1269:Chinese art
1242:He Chaozong
1186:Jiǔjiǔ rúyì
1169:jiujiu-ruyi
1163:) "3-inlay
1121:During the
720:Jin dynasty
587:Han dynasty
244:Korean name
187:Old Chinese
2606:Categories
2596:Ru-Yi Knot
2513:, 238–240.
2483:References
2409:Nyoi-jizai
2388:holding a
2372:Taipei 101
2370:figure on
2216:spirit in
2186:temple in
2180:Nyoirin-ji
2173:temple in
2165:temple in
2068:place name
2027:Ruyi Wanju
2001:(from the
1999:Yu Yee oil
1978:played by
1964:Sun Wukong
1921:Sun Wukong
1852:Nyoi Muton
1783:cintā-maṇi
1769:explains:
1661:is called
1614:nyoi-hōshu
1610:ruyibaozhu
1331:ante-fixae
1255:holding a
1240:figure by
1232:holding a
1072:Zhangwuzhi
557:Vietnamese
200:na-s ʔək-s
117:Wade–Giles
81:as desired
2543:. Oxford.
2492:. London.
2467:Khakkhara
2394:Yan Liben
2366:A modern
2349:sculpture
2194:image by
2049:in 470 AD
2003:Cantonese
1948:Wu Zetian
1934:can be a
1923:with his
1893:cintamani
1889:Vajrayana
1856:Anuruddha
1848:Ruyiwutan
1818:nyoi-hōju
1747:cintamani
1742:priest."
1622:anuruddha
1597:cintamani
1566:anuruddha
1483:Yan Liben
1261:Yan Liben
678:anuruddha
643:Jing Fang
504:adjective
2557:. Brill.
2461:See also
2281:painting
2192:Nyoi-rin
2182:如意輪寺, a
2169:, and a
2114:Ruyifang
2108:Shaoshan
2104:Ruyizhen
2095:Siheyuan
1980:Zhou Xun
1869:Nyōi-rin
1739:Takakusu
1735:Uposatha
1551:Sanskrit
1510:Japanese
1431:Wu Daozi
1394:Manjusri
1366:Tōdai-ji
1335:palmette
1314:fengshui
1287:Cai Shen
1230:Manjusri
1052:Zhàoxīhú
829:Tán shàn
795:Qīng tán
741:Tán bǐng
618:Liú rúyì
601:Liu Ruyi
549:Japanese
545:loanword
539:Chinese
472:compound
425:talisman
338:Hiragana
158:jyu4 ji3
152:Jyutping
44:Pair of
2438:Beijing
2313:A gold
2244:Gallery
2232:on the
2171:Shingon
2161:如意寺, a
2159:Nyoi-ji
2099:Beijing
2085:Chengde
2054:Gong Li
2016:Ruyicao
2007:yu4 yi3
1995:Ruyiyou
1901:nyo-rin
1885:Guanyin
1865:Ruyilun
1799:ruyibao
1731:ruyishu
1707:ruyishu
1608:如意珠 or
1602:ruyizhu
1586:ruyishu
1362:Shōsōin
1304:Cáishén
1291:Chinese
1189:) "9-9
1173:Chinese
1147:Chinese
1076:Chinese
1062:In the
1039:Chinese
1003:tanbing
981:Chinese
951:Chinese
922:Chinese
904:Tiantai
851:Tán zhǔ
838:Chinese
816:Chinese
812:tanshan
808:tanbing
782:Chinese
777:qingtan
771:Zhǔ wěi
758:Chinese
746:tanbing
728:Chinese
699:Ā nà lǜ
686:Chinese
638:fangshi
605:Chinese
567:History
525:Suànpán
512:Chinese
508:Suanpan
452:Beijing
417:scepter
391:Chinese
231:Chữ Hán
179:nyo 'iH
63:Chinese
48:at the
2353:Taiwan
2345:temple
2342:Daoist
2163:Tendai
2146:A few
2081:Ruyihu
1828:Bussei
1810:Fusang
1759:baozhu
1711:nyoiju
1695:teishō
1606:nyoiju
1590:nyoiju
1301::
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1293::
1277:saints
1215:Daoism
1183::
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1149::
1086::
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1047:pinyin
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994:Lǐ xùn
991::
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935:Huì sī
932::
930:pinyin
924::
913:Prajna
872:Weishu
848::
846:pinyin
840::
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826::
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818::
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688::
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629:. The
615::
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607::
555:, and
553:Korean
530:abacus
522::
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514::
403::
401:pinyin
393::
293:yeo ui
250:Hangul
144:yùh yi
2632:Wands
2347:roof
2230:ferry
2214:yōkai
2207:Kyoto
2089:Hebei
1954:Yuefu
1897:falun
1814:Hōnen
1713:is a
1691:kotsu
1676:kotsu
1663:kotsu
1658:rōshi
1651:like
918:Huisi
908:Zhiyi
682:Analu
596:Shiji
494:uses
470:is a
423:or a
324:Kanji
307:yŏ ŭi
264:Hanja
223:như ý
2430:ruyi
2390:ruyi
2368:ruyi
2338:ruyi
2336:The
2315:ruyi
2295:ruyi
2259:ruyi
2167:Kobe
2152:Nyoi
2141:nyoi
2134:Kobe
2110:city
2064:Ruyi
1932:Ruyi
1795:ruyi
1779:maṇi
1775:maṇi
1763:hōju
1683:nyoi
1630:nyoi
1626:ruyi
1616:如意宝珠
1574:nyoi
1570:ruyi
1559:nyoi
1542:ruyi
1522:ruyi
1514:吉山明兆
1502:ruyi
1487:ruyi
1464:ruyi
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1451:Ju-i
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1386:ruyi
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1378:ruyi
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1309:Ruyi
1282:xian
1273:ruyi
1257:ruyi
1234:ruyi
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1199:ruyi
1191:ruyi
1177:九九如意
1165:ruyi
1151:三鑲如意
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1106:ruyi
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926:慧思
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842:談麈
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518:;
516:算盤
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256:여의
237:如意
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1867:/
1850:/
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