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391:, founded in 1450 the Ryōan-ji temple, but the complex was burnt down during the Ōnin War. His son Masamoto rebuilt the temple at the very end of the same century. It is not clear whether any garden was constructed at that time facing the main hall. First descriptions of a garden, clearly describing one in front of the main hall, date from 1680–1682. It is described as a composition of nine big stones laid out to represent Tiger Cubs Crossing the Water. As the garden has fifteen stones at present, it was clearly different from the garden that we see today. A great fire destroyed the buildings in 1779, and rubble of the burnt buildings was dumped in the garden. Garden writer and specialist Akisato Rito (died c. 1830) redid the garden completely on top of the rubble at the end of the eighteenth century and published a picture of his garden in his
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628:, meaning "mouth" or "aperture"), which the square opening is meant to represent, then the characters become 吾, 唯, 足, 知. This is read as "ware, tada taru (wo) shiru", which translates literally as "I only sufficiency know" (吾 = ware = I, 唯 = tada = merely, only, 足 = taru = be sufficient, suffice, be enough, be worth, deserve, 知 = shiru = know) or, more poetically, as "I know only satisfaction". Intended to reinforce Buddhist teachings regarding humility and the abundance within one's soul, the meaning is simple and clear: "one already has all one needs". Meanwhile, the positioning of the
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472:, mountain peaks, to theories about secrets of geometry or the rules of equilibrium of odd numbers. Garden historian Gunter Nitschke wrote: "The garden at Ryōan-ji does not symbolize anything, or more precisely, to avoid any misunderstanding, the garden of Ryōan-ji does not symbolize, nor does it have the value of reproducing a natural beauty that one can find in the real or mythical world. I consider it to be an abstract composition of 'natural' objects in space, a composition whose function is to incite meditation."
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290:("dry landscape"), a refined type of Japanese Zen temple garden design generally featuring distinctive larger rock formations arranged amidst a sweep of smooth pebbles (small, carefully selected polished river rocks) raked into linear patterns that facilitate meditation. The temple and its gardens are listed as one of the
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There is controversy over who built the garden and when. Most sources date it to the second half of the 15th century. According to some sources, it was built by
Hosokawa Katsumoto, the creator of the first temple of Ryōan-ji, between 1450 and 1473. Other sources say it was built by his son, Hosokawa
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The garden is a rectangle of 248 square meters (2,670 square feet), twenty-five meters by ten meters. Placed within it are fifteen stones of different sizes, carefully composed in five groups; one group of five stones, two groups of three, and two groups of two stones. The stones are surrounded by
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The wall behind the garden is an important element of the garden. It is made of clay, which has been stained by age with subtle brown and orange tones. In 1977, the tile roof of the wall was restored with tree bark to its original appearance. When the garden was rebuilt in 1799, it came up higher
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passes close to the centre of the main hall, which is the traditionally preferred viewing point. In essence, viewing the placement of the stones from a sightline along this point brings a shape from nature (a dichotomously branched tree with a mean branch length decreasing monotonically from the
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written on the surface of the stone basin, 五, 隹, 止, 矢, are without significance when read alone. Though the water basin's frame is circular, the opening in the circular face is itself a square (口). If each of the four kanji is read in combination with 口 (the square-shaped
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Like any work of art, the artistic garden of Ryōan-ji is also open to interpretation or research into possible meanings. Many different theories have been put forward inside and outside Japan about what the garden is supposed to represent, from islands in a stream,
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The researchers propose that the implicit structure of the garden is designed to appeal to the viewer's unconscious visual sensitivity to axial-symmetry skeletons of stimulus shapes. In support of their findings, they found that imposing a
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632:, lower than the veranda on which one stands to view it, compels one to bow respectfully (while listening to the endless trickle of replenishing water from the bamboo pipe) to fully appreciate its deeper philosophical significance. The
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While the rock garden is the best-known garden of Ryōan-ji, the temple also has a water garden; the
Kyoyochi Pond, built in the 12th century as part of the Fujiwara estate. Cherry trees have recently been planted northwest of the pond.
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Ryōan-ji also has a teahouse and tea garden, dating to the 17th century. Near the teahouse is a famous stone water basin, with water continually flowing for ritual purification. This is the Ryōan-ji
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Ryōan-ji dry garden.The clay wall, which is stained by age with subtle brown and orange tones, reflects "sabi" and the rock garden "wabi", together reflecting the
Japanese worldview or aesthetic of "
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The temple served as a mausoleum for several emperors. Their tombs are grouped together in what are today known as the "Seven
Imperial Tombs" at Ryōan-ji. The burial places of these emperors—
356:—would have been comparatively humble in the period after their deaths. These tombs reached their present state as a result of the 19th century restoration of imperial sepulchers (
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372:(died 1525), but this is disputed by other authors. Some sources say the garden was built in the first half of the 16th century, others reckon later, during the
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Centuries after its creation, the influences of the dry elements at Ryōan-ji continue to be reflected and re-examined in garden design—for example, in the
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399:) of 1799, showing the garden as it looks today. One big stone at the back was buried partly; it has two first names carved in it, probably names of
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Van Tonder, Gert J.; Michael J. Lyons; Yoshimichi Ejima (September 23, 2002). "Perception psychology: Visual structure of a
Japanese Zen garden".
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between the clans, the temple was destroyed. Hosokawa
Katsumoto died in 1473, and in 1488 his son, Hosokawa Masamoto, rebuilt the temple.
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rock garden on the opposite side of the building, the less-photographed Ryōan-ji tea garden is another cultural treasure of the temple.
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white gravel, which is carefully raked each day by the monks. The only vegetation in the garden is some moss around the stones.
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The conclusive history, though, based on documentary sources, is as follows: Hosokawa
Katsumoto (1430–1473), deputy to the
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Using this model, they show that the empty space of the garden is implicitly structured, and is aligned with the temple's
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than before and a view over the wall to the mountain scenery behind came about. At present this view is blocked by trees.
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1000:森神逍遥 『侘び然び幽玄のこころ』桜の花出版、2015年 Morigami Shouyo, "Wabi sabi yugen no kokoro: seiyo tetsugaku o koeru joi ishiki" (Japanese)
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Masamoto, in or around 1488. Some say that the garden was built by the famous landscape painter and monk,
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Nitschke, Le jardin
Japonais", pg. 92. Translation of this citation from French by D. R. Siefkin.
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perturbation of the locations of individual rock features destroyed the special characteristics.
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List of
Special Places of Scenic Beauty, Special Historic Sites and Special Natural Monuments
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Die
Proportion, die Dimension und die Art der Gestaltung beider Gärten sind fast identisch.
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1351:, Taschen publishers, Paris (translated from German into French by Wolf Fruhtrunk), (
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486:, Gert van Tonder and Michael Lyons analyze the rock garden by generating a model of
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for countless monks residing at the temple, gently reminding them daily of their
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The garden is meant to be viewed from a seated position on the veranda of the
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284:. The Ryōan-ji garden is considered one of the finest surviving examples of
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The Art of Japanese Gardens: Designing & Making Your Own Peaceful Space
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The Art of Japanese Gardens: Designing & Making Your Own Peaceful Space
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The temple's name is synonymous with the temple's famous Zen garden, the
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Lake and bridge outside the main buildings of the central unit (summer)
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1168:" (Japanese garden in the courtyard of the Museum of Art at Wolfsburg)
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Cherry blossom at the rock garden of Ryōan-ji Temple in Kyoto, Japan
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Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities)
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Themes, Scenes, and Taste, in the History of Japanese Garden Art
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Themes, Scenes, and Taste, in the History of Japanese Garden Art
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Themes, Scenes, and Taste in the History of Japanese Garden Art
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Kyoyochi Pond, created in the 12th century as a water garden
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In Proportional harmonies in nature, art and architecture
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also embodies a subtle form of Zen teaching using ironic
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221:
60:
1380:
The Compact Nelson Japanese–English Character Dictionary
455:
The garden had particular significance for the composer
437:, thought to have been built in the late 15th century.
1485:
Yamasa Institute's Ryoan-ji: History & Impressions
1396:
Digging in John Cage's Garden – John Cage and Ryoanji
957:
955:
953:
475:
1349:
Le Jardin japonais – Angle droit et forme naturelle
1045:"Digging in John Cage's Garden – Cage and Ryoanji"
950:
5025:
480:In an article published by the science journal
4402:
4388:
4183:
1510:
1416:, Tuttle Publishing, Vermont and Singapore, (
1208:Les Jardins – Paysagistes, Jardiniers, Poetes
1166:Japangarten im Hof des Kunstmuseums Wolfsburg
501:. According to the researchers, one critical
2292:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
1298:Themes in the History of Japanese Garden Art
1182:
1180:
313:in the 11th century. The first temple, the
309:The site of the temple was an estate of the
1490:360 degree view (Google Cultural Institute)
1402:, Vol. 2 No. 2. Tanjong Malim: UPSI Press.
1267:Kenkyusha's New Japanese–English Dictionary
4395:
4381:
4190:
4176:
1517:
1503:
34:
1449:
1382:, Charles E. Tuttle Company, Tokyo 1999,
1177:
579:Learn how and when to remove this message
1065:
818:The garden outside the teahouse (winter)
590:
506:trunk to the tertiary level) in relief.
462:
414:
4926:Twelve Heavenly Generals (Jūni Shinshō)
3479:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
1205:
1042:
384:carved into it, Hirokojirō and Kotarō.
5074:Important Cultural Properties of Japan
5026:
3682:List of Buddhist architecture in China
1300:, Hawaii University Press, Honolulu, (
1069:Japanese Gardens: Symbolism and Design
393:Celebrated Gardens and Sights of Kyoto
44:(dry landscape) zen garden at Ryōan-ji
4376:
4171:
1498:
1454:(Hardback). London: Francis Lincoln.
660:has also served as a humorous visual
1283:, Japonica Neerlandica, Amsterdam, (
1066:Goto, Seiko; Naka, Takahiro (2015).
561:adding citations to reliable sources
532:
910:See, for example, Michel Baridon,
292:Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto
13:
3469:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
1443:
1427:Doczi, György, (1981). p 118-119.
1412:Young, David and Michiko, (2005),
1212:, Éditions Robert Lafont, Paris, (
14:
5100:
1469:
1269:, Kenkyusha Limited, Tokyo 1991,
866:List of compositions by John Cage
656:. Thus, over many centuries, the
476:Scientific analysis of the garden
255:The Temple of the Dragon at Peace
4286:
4150:
4140:
4139:
3697:Thai temple art and architecture
3442:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
1682:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
1548:
1535:
1525:
823:
811:
794:
778:
766:
749:
730:
718:
706:
694:
682:
668:. Notwithstanding the exquisite
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528:
129:
128:
121:
5069:Special Places of Scenic Beauty
1549:
1146:
1095:
1086:
1059:
1036:
1023:
1010:
548:needs additional citations for
470:a tiger family crossing a river
4766:Schools and objects of worship
4412:Japanese Buddhist architecture
3687:Japanese Buddhist architecture
3489:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
2569:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
1760:Places where the Buddha stayed
1414:The Art of the Japanese Garden
1392:Whittington, Stephen. (2013).
994:
981:
968:
963:The Art of the Japanese Garden
937:
924:
904:
891:
878:
494:) in early visual processing.
1:
5049:World Heritage Sites in Japan
4989:Glossary of Japanese Buddhism
3702:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
1223:Elisseeff, Danielle, (2010),
1199:
410:
93:13 Ryoanji Goryonoshita-chō,
3459:Buddhism and the Roman world
3435:Decline of Buddhism in India
3430:History of Buddhism in India
1530: Topics in
1314:Kyoto: A Contemplative Guide
1311:Moscher, Gouvernor. (1978).
899:Kyoto: A Contemplative Guide
7:
5044:Gardens in Kyoto Prefecture
2657:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
2397:
1369:Tokyo: Tuttle Publishing.
1347:Nitschke, Gunter, (1999)
1238:Gustafson, Herb L. (1999).
1227:, Ḗditions Scala, Paris, (
1186:Gustafson, Herb L. (1999).
835:
10:
5105:
4994:Japanese Buddhist pantheon
3607:The unanswerable questions
1336:, La Pochothḕque, Paris, (
991:, pp. 114–124 and 293–295.
789:, the main temple building
701:Close up of the zen garden
403:stone workers, so called
304:
16:Zen temple in Kyoto, Japan
5084:Temples of Gautama Buddha
5034:Buddhist temples in Kyoto
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4404:Buddhist temples in Japan
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3917:
3692:Buddhist temples in Korea
3615:
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3097:
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2852:
2725:
2665:
2300:
2255:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
2166:
2158:Three planes of existence
2106:
1951:
1843:
1773:
1765:Buddha in world religions
1627:
1572:
1544:
1362:Ritchie, Donald. (1995).
1332:Murase, Miyeko, (1996),
1072:. Routledge. p. 20.
1047:. Malaysian Music Journal
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3474:Persecution of Buddhists
2695:Four stages of awakening
2076:Three marks of existence
1662:Physical characteristics
1450:Kawaguchi, Yoko (2014).
1206:Baridon, Michel (1998).
871:
397:Miyako rinsen meisho zue
360:) which were ordered by
27:
5089:Japanese imperial tombs
5064:Historic Sites of Japan
4342:Kamowakeikazuchi Shrine
2837:Ten principal disciples
1720:(aunt, adoptive mother)
1400:Malaysian Music Journal
773:Temple bell at Ryōan-ji
67:sect, Myōshin-ji school
4731:Ōbaku Zen architecture
4420:Architectonic elements
3547:Buddhism and democracy
3060:Tibetan Buddhist canon
3055:Chinese Buddhist canon
2287:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
2282:Early Buddhist schools
1296:Kuitert, Wybe, (2002)
1279:Kuitert, Wybe, (1988)
1043:Whittington, Stephen.
602:
424:
169:35.03444°N 135.71833°E
147:Geographic coordinates
4921:Shitennō (Four Kings)
3557:Eight Consciousnesses
1667:Life of Buddha in art
1162:; Kazuhisa Kawamura,
594:
523:Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg
463:Meaning of the garden
418:
264:located in northwest
4034:East Asian religions
3464:Buddhism in the West
3035:Early Buddhist texts
2650:Four Right Exertions
2116:Ten spiritual realms
1609:Noble Eightfold Path
1452:Japanese Zen Gardens
1365:The Temples of Kyoto
943:Danielle Elisseeff,
897:Moscher, G. (1978).
806:trees at the gardens
557:improve this article
272:. It belongs to the
5059:Zen art and culture
4494:Niō or Kongōrikishi
4157:Religion portal
3904:Temple of the Tooth
3783:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
2822:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
2315:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
2098:Two truths doctrine
1918:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1718:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1254:David & Charles
1116:2002Natur.419..359V
847:Higashiyama culture
652:is the opposite of
299:World Heritage Site
174:35.03444; 135.71833
165: /
5039:Myoshin-ji temples
4878:Objects of worship
4079:Western philosophy
3677:Dzong architecture
3499:Vipassana movement
3494:Buddhist modernism
2922:Emperor Wen of Sui
2690:Pratyekabuddhayāna
2623:Threefold Training
2425:Vipassana movement
2141:Hungry Ghost realm
1961:Avidyā (Ignorance)
1908:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
1657:Great Renunciation
1652:Eight Great Events
1534:
1158:2011-07-18 at the
1018:Le Jardin Japonais
932:Le Jardin Japonais
916:Le Jardin Japonais
886:Le Jardin japonais
761:gate to the temple
644:mimics an ancient
603:
425:
319:Hosokawa Katsumoto
194:Hosokawa Katsumoto
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4958:kei (ritual gong)
4939:
4938:
4760:
4759:
4370:
4369:
4165:
4164:
3803:Om mani padme hum
3509:Women in Buddhism
3425:Buddhist councils
3295:Western countries
3083:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
2844:Shaolin Monastery
2421:Samatha-vipassanā
2031:Pratītyasamutpāda
1835:Metteyya/Maitreya
1753:
1745:
1737:
1729:
1721:
1713:
1705:
1582:Four Noble Truths
1461:978-0-7112-3447-5
1422:978-0-8048-3598-5
1375:978-0-8048-2032-5
1357:978-3-8228-3034-5
1328:978-0-8048-1294-8
1320:Tuttle Publishing
1262:978-0-7153-0986-5
1233:978-2-35988-029-8
1110:(6905): 359–360.
961:Young and Young,
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232:
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137:Location in Kyoto
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5054:Rock art in Asia
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4647:Japanese pagodas
4600:chōzuya/temizuya
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4357:Kamomioya Shrine
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4268:Shimogamo Shrine
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3982:Sacred languages
3830:Maya Devi Temple
3793:Mahabodhi Temple
3597:Secular Buddhism
3562:Engaged Buddhism
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2201:Vietnamese Thiền
1800:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
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1478:Official website
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1225:Jardins japonais
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918:, and Eliseeff.
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851:Muromachi period
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4632:kyōzō or kyō-dō
4583:
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4462:kentozuka: see
4441:kaerumata: see
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3650:Ordination hall
3611:
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3484:Buddhist crisis
3396:
3093:
3045:Mahayana sutras
3021:
3017:Thích Nhất Hạnh
2848:
2721:
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2611:Bodhisattva vow
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2061:Taṇhā (Craving)
1996:Five hindrances
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1444:Further reading
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1160:Wayback Machine
1153:Japanese garden
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1124:10.1038/419359a
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4308:Ujigami Shrine
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3714:Greco-Buddhist
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3665:Burmese pagoda
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3447:Greco-Buddhism
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3007:B. R. Ambedkar
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2606:Eight precepts
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2377:Five Strengths
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2016:Mental factors
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1868:Mahamoggallāna
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1470:External links
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1431:, Shambhala, (
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1334:L'Art du Japon
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1033:, pp. 122, 124
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1006:978-4434201424
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976:L'Art du Japon
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724:
717:
715:
712:
705:
703:
700:
693:
691:
688:
681:
677:
674:
666:vow of poverty
624:is pronounced
587:
586:
545:
543:
536:
530:
527:
488:shape analysis
477:
474:
464:
461:
412:
409:
306:
303:
280:branch of Zen
276:school of the
230:
229:
217:
216:
212:
211:
201:
197:
196:
191:
187:
186:
182:
181:
149:
143:
142:
136:
127:
126:
120:
119:
118:
117:
114:
113:
110:
106:
105:
91:
87:
86:
82:
81:
75:
69:
68:
58:
52:
51:
47:
46:
39:
31:
30:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5101:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5031:
5029:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4970:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4953:
4949:
4946:
4942:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4879:
4875:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4836:
4835:Nanto rokushū
4832:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4803:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4774:Major schools
4772:
4769:
4767:
4763:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4742:
4738:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4698:
4696:
4692:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4652:
4650:
4648:
4644:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4586:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4542:
4541:
4536:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4409:
4405:
4398:
4393:
4391:
4386:
4384:
4379:
4378:
4375:
4362:Kyōōgokoku-ji
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4334:
4331:
4325:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4315:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4289:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4233:Kiyomizu-dera
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4193:
4188:
4186:
4181:
4179:
4174:
4173:
4170:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4146:
4138:
4137:
4134:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4092:
4090:
4086:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4019:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4005:
4001:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3919:Miscellaneous
3916:
3910:
3909:Vegetarianism
3907:
3905:
3902:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3731:Buddha in art
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3710:
3707:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3614:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3516:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3399:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3385:United States
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3296:
3293:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3276:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3264:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3028:
3024:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2942:Padmasambhava
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2854:Major figures
2851:
2845:
2842:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2801:
2800:Western tulku
2798:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2658:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2601:Five precepts
2599:
2598:
2597:
2594:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2579:Dhamma vicaya
2577:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2570:
2567:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2347:Buddhābhiṣeka
2345:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2299:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2099:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1991:Enlightenment
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1981:Dhamma theory
1979:
1977:
1976:Buddha-nature
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1950:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1815:Samantabhadra
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1748:
1746:
1740:
1738:
1732:
1730:
1724:
1722:
1716:
1714:
1708:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1520:
1515:
1513:
1508:
1506:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1463:
1457:
1453:
1448:
1447:
1438:
1437:0-87773-193-4
1434:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1388:4-8053-0574-6
1385:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1342:2-253-13054-0
1339:
1335:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1315:
1310:
1307:
1306:0-8248-2312-5
1303:
1299:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1275:4-7674-2015-6
1272:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1218:2-221-06707-X
1215:
1209:
1204:
1203:
1192:
1190:
1183:
1181:
1173:
1169:
1167:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1149:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1098:
1089:
1081:
1079:9781317411642
1075:
1071:
1070:
1062:
1046:
1039:
1032:
1026:
1019:
1013:
1007:
1003:
997:
990:
984:
977:
971:
964:
958:
956:
954:
946:
940:
933:
927:
921:
917:
913:
907:
900:
894:
887:
881:
877:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
848:
845:
843:
840:
839:
826:
821:
814:
809:
805:
804:
797:
792:
788:
781:
776:
769:
764:
760:
759:
752:
747:
743:
739:
733:
728:
721:
716:
709:
704:
697:
692:
685:
680:
679:
673:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
638:juxtaposition
635:
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546:This section
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529:Other gardens
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362:Emperor Meiji
359:
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311:Fujiwara clan
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53:
48:
43:
37:
32:
25:
20:
4916:Shaka Nyorai
4886:Amida Nyōrai
4716:Shoin-zukuri
4619:
4615:
4611:
4538:
4262:
4097:Bodhisattvas
4017:Christianity
4012:Baháʼí Faith
3877:Dharmachakra
3867:Prayer wheel
3857:Prayer beads
3625:Architecture
3504:969 Movement
3288:Saudi Arabia
3266:Central Asia
3259:South Africa
3081:
3064:
2997:Panchen Lama
2902:Buddhapālita
2498:Satipatthana
2493:Mindful Yoga
2406:Recollection
2320:Brahmavihara
2191:Japanese Zen
2186:Chinese Chan
2146:Animal realm
1953:Key concepts
1775:Bodhisattvas
1587:Three Jewels
1451:
1428:
1413:
1399:
1395:
1379:
1364:
1348:
1333:
1313:
1297:
1289:90-5063-0219
1280:
1266:
1246:Newton Abbot
1240:
1224:
1207:
1188:
1171:
1170:; excerpt, "
1165:
1148:
1107:
1103:
1097:
1088:
1068:
1061:
1049:. Retrieved
1038:
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1017:
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996:
988:
983:
975:
970:
962:
944:
939:
931:
926:
919:
915:
914:, Nitschke,
911:
906:
898:
893:
885:
880:
801:
786:
756:
741:
738:Leaf peeping
669:
657:
649:
646:Chinese coin
641:
640:: while the
633:
629:
625:
610:
608:
604:
596:
575:
569:October 2017
566:
555:Please help
550:verification
547:
525:in Germany.
518:
516:
508:
499:architecture
496:
481:
479:
466:
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450:
445:
443:
439:
428:
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396:
392:
388:
386:
381:
377:
366:
357:
327:
314:
308:
285:
254:
234:
233:
185:Architecture
78:Shaka Nyorai
41:
5079:Zen gardens
4979:bussokuseki
4911:Marishi-ten
4610:main hall (
4540:Mon (gates)
4427:hidden roof
4248:Nijō Castle
3942:Dharma talk
3771:Asalha Puja
3567:Eschatology
3370:Switzerland
3350:New Zealand
3278:Middle East
3187:Philippines
3107:Afghanistan
2912:Bodhidharma
2897:Buddhaghosa
2817:Householder
2727:Monasticism
2680:Bodhisattva
2535:Prostration
2488:Mindfulness
2416:Anapanasati
2399:Kammaṭṭhāna
2196:Korean Seon
2136:Asura realm
2131:Human realm
2071:Ten Fetters
2026:Parinirvana
1928:Uppalavanna
1893:Mahākaccana
1878:Mahākassapa
1810:Kṣitigarbha
1805:Ākāśagarbha
1702:Suddhodāna
1647:Four sights
1574:Foundations
1051:12 November
912:Les Jardins
888:, pg. 88–89
670:kare sansui
654:materialism
595:Ryōan-ji's
519:Japangarten
492:medial axis
435:rock garden
401:untouchable
294:, and as a
287:kare-sansui
172: /
160:135°43′06″E
80:(Śākyamuni)
56:Affiliation
42:kare-sansui
5028:Categories
5009:saisenbako
4951:Implements
4701:Daibutsuyō
4458:karesansui
4324:Enryaku-ji
4228:Kinkaku-ji
4218:Ginkaku-ji
4059:Psychology
4039:Gnosticism
4027:Comparison
4022:Influences
4004:Comparison
3887:Bhavacakra
3845:Kushinagar
3820:Pilgrimage
3766:Māgha Pūjā
3721:Bodhi Tree
3537:Buddhology
3527:Abhidharma
3519:Philosophy
3452:Menander I
3320:Costa Rica
3271:Uzbekistan
3112:Bangladesh
3066:Dhammapada
3050:Pali Canon
3012:Ajahn Chah
2992:Dalai Lama
2892:Kumārajīva
2887:Vasubandhu
2862:The Buddha
2770:Zen master
2705:Sakadagami
2685:Buddhahood
2616:Pratimokṣa
2431:Shikantaza
2387:Meditation
2362:Deity yoga
2233:Madhyamaka
2126:Deva realm
2021:Mindstream
1971:Bodhicitta
1883:Aṅgulimāla
1750:Devadatta
1726:Yaśodharā
1629:The Buddha
1619:Middle Way
1200:References
1016:Nitschke,
978:, pg. 183.
930:Nitschke,
884:Nitschke,
430:karesansui
411:Zen garden
405:kawaramono
382:kawaramono
378:kawaramono
374:Edo period
274:Myōshin-ji
157:35°02′04″N
4891:Benzaiten
4721:Shin-Wayō
4660:hōkyōintō
4595:Chinjusha
4588:Buildings
4529:onigawara
4489:nakazonae
4464:nakazonae
4443:nakazonae
4347:Rokuon-ji
4273:Tenryū-ji
4238:Koke-dera
4127:Festivals
4107:Buddhists
4069:Theosophy
3872:Symbolism
3862:Hama yumi
3835:Bodh Gaya
3602:Socialism
3577:Evolution
3552:Economics
3390:Venezuela
3305:Australia
3300:Argentina
3224:Sri Lanka
3219:Singapore
3137:Indonesia
3099:Countries
3040:Tripiṭaka
3002:Ajahn Mun
2877:Nagarjuna
2872:Aśvaghoṣa
2755:Anagārika
2750:Śrāmaṇerī
2745:Śrāmaṇera
2740:Bhikkhunī
2700:Sotāpanna
2589:Passaddhi
2530:Offerings
2505:Nekkhamma
2382:Iddhipada
2302:Practices
2272:Theravada
2245:Vajrayana
2238:Yogachara
2208:Pure Land
2121:Six Paths
2108:Cosmology
1888:Anuruddha
1863:Sāriputta
1853:Kaundinya
1845:Disciples
1820:Vajrapāṇi
1672:Footprint
1637:Tathāgata
1408:2232-1020
1029:Kuitert,
1020:, pg. 90.
987:Kuitert,
947:, pg. 61.
650:sentiment
457:John Cage
421:wabi-sabi
346:Go-Reizei
342:Go-Suzaku
239:Shinjitai
200:Completed
5004:miyadera
4999:jingū-ji
4984:butsudan
4786:Nichiren
4726:Zenshūyō
4711:Setchūyō
4670:kasatōba
4620:butsuden
4474:katōmado
4453:karahafu
4352:Saihō-ji
4337:Jishō-ji
4303:Byōdō-in
4263:Ryōan-ji
4253:Ninna-ji
4243:Kōzan-ji
4213:Daigo-ji
4145:Category
4074:Violence
4044:Hinduism
3992:Sanskrit
3947:Hinayana
3932:Amitābha
3892:Swastika
3761:Uposatha
3751:Holidays
3736:Calendar
3582:Humanism
3420:Kanishka
3410:Timeline
3234:Thailand
3202:Kalmykia
3197:Buryatia
3182:Pakistan
3167:Mongolia
3162:Maldives
3157:Malaysia
3122:Cambodia
2987:Shamarpa
2982:Nichiren
2932:Xuanzang
2867:Nagasena
2785:Rinpoche
2515:Pāramitā
2357:Devotion
2277:Navayana
2265:Dzogchen
2228:Nichiren
2176:Mahayana
2168:Branches
2046:Saṅkhāra
1795:Mañjuśrī
1752:(cousin)
1744:(cousin)
1712:(mother)
1704:(father)
1692:Miracles
1642:Birthday
1559:Glossary
1532:Buddhism
1191:, p. 78.
1156:Archived
1132:12353024
934:, pg. 89
836:See also
658:tsukubai
634:tsukubai
630:tsukubai
612:tsukubai
598:tsukubai
358:misasagi
354:Horikawa
350:Go-Sanjō
323:Ōnin War
315:Daiju-in
282:Buddhism
247:Kyūjitai
235:Ryōan-ji
224:.ryoanji
90:Location
85:Location
50:Religion
22:Ryōan-ji
4963:mokugyō
4843:Jōjitsu
4808:schools
4791:Shingon
4655:gorintō
4554:nijūmon
4549:karamon
4479:mokoshi
4469:komainu
4437:irimoya
4432:hisashi
4122:Temples
4102:Buddhas
4064:Science
4054:Judaism
4049:Jainism
3967:Lineage
3927:Abhijñā
3897:Thangka
3840:Sarnath
3825:Lumbini
3746:Funeral
3741:Cuisine
3617:Culture
3592:Reality
3542:Creator
3532:Atomism
3402:History
3375:Ukraine
3335:Germany
3254:Senegal
3244:Vietnam
3172:Myanmar
2972:Shinran
2962:Karmapa
2937:Shandao
2907:Dignāga
2832:Śrāvaka
2812:Donchee
2807:Kappiya
2765:Sayadaw
2735:Bhikkhu
2710:Anāgāmi
2667:Nirvana
2633:Samadhi
2520:Paritta
2461:Tonglen
2456:Mandala
2411:Smarana
2392:Mantras
2340:Upekkha
2310:Bhavana
2260:Shingon
2213:Tiantai
2066:Tathātā
2056:Śūnyatā
2051:Skandha
2041:Saṃsāra
2036:Rebirth
2011:Kleshas
2001:Indriya
1903:Subhūti
1788:Guanyin
1742:Ānanda
1734:Rāhula
1614:Nirvana
1554:Outline
1318:Tokyo:
1140:4415892
1112:Bibcode
803:Daisugi
713:Grounds
622:radical
521:at the
305:History
257:) is a
215:Website
205: (
190:Founder
109:Country
95:Ukyō-ku
4972:Others
4906:Kannon
4868:Sanron
4825:Rinzai
4796:Tendai
4740:Others
4694:Styles
4685:tahōtō
4680:muhōtō
4675:sotōba
4616:hon-dō
4612:kon-dō
4569:sanmon
4559:niōmon
4117:Sutras
4112:Suttas
3977:Siddhi
3962:Koliya
3937:Brahmā
3852:Poetry
3798:Mantra
3788:Kasaya
3660:Pagoda
3640:Kyaung
3635:Vihāra
3630:Temple
3572:Ethics
3415:Ashoka
3365:Sweden
3360:Poland
3355:Norway
3345:Mexico
3330:France
3315:Canada
3310:Brazil
3249:Africa
3229:Taiwan
3192:Russia
3117:Bhutan
3077:Vinaya
2957:Naropa
2947:Saraha
2882:Asanga
2638:Prajñā
2547:Refuge
2510:Nianfo
2471:Tertön
2466:Tantra
2451:Ganana
2441:Tukdam
2367:Dhyāna
2335:Mudita
2330:Karuṇā
2223:Risshū
2218:Huayan
2151:Naraka
2091:Anattā
2086:Dukkha
2081:Anicca
1986:Dharma
1938:Channa
1873:Ānanda
1858:Assaji
1825:Skanda
1728:(wife)
1697:Family
1677:Relics
1602:Sangha
1597:Dharma
1592:Buddha
1458:
1435:
1420:
1406:
1386:
1373:
1355:
1340:
1326:
1304:
1287:
1273:
1260:
1231:
1216:
1138:
1130:
1104:Nature
1076:
1004:
758:Sanmon
742:Momiji
676:Images
648:, the
512:random
483:Nature
389:shōgun
352:, and
338:Ichijō
296:UNESCO
278:Rinzai
262:temple
65:Rinzai
4863:Ritsu
4858:Kegon
4853:Kusha
4848:Hossō
4820:Ōbaku
4637:shoin
4579:torii
4574:sōmon
4564:rōmon
4519:tokyō
4514:sōrin
4509:shōrō
4499:sandō
4448:kairō
4278:Tō-ji
4206:Kyoto
4089:Lists
3957:Kalpa
3952:Iddhi
3815:Music
3810:Mudra
3776:Vassa
3756:Vesak
3726:Budai
3672:Candi
3655:Stupa
3587:Logic
3340:Italy
3239:Tibet
3177:Nepal
3147:Korea
3142:Japan
3132:India
3127:China
3072:Sutra
3027:Texts
2977:Dōgen
2967:Hōnen
2952:Atiśa
2917:Zhiyi
2827:Achar
2795:Tulku
2790:Geshe
2775:Rōshi
2760:Ajahn
2715:Arhat
2675:Bodhi
2645:Vīrya
2562:Sacca
2557:Satya
2552:Sādhu
2540:Music
2483:Merit
2476:Terma
2436:Zazen
2372:Faith
2325:Mettā
2006:Karma
1966:Bardo
1933:Asita
1923:Khema
1913:Upāli
1898:Nanda
1736:(son)
1710:Māyā
1687:Films
1564:Index
1250:Devon
1136:S2CID
872:Notes
642:shape
626:kuchi
617:kanji
370:Sōami
334:Kazan
270:Japan
266:Kyoto
112:Japan
99:Kyoto
73:Deity
4901:Jizō
4815:Sōtō
4781:Jōdo
4747:A-un
4706:Wayō
4665:hōtō
4627:kuri
4524:tōrō
4484:moya
4317:Otsu
3987:Pāḷi
3972:Māra
3882:Flag
3283:Iran
3207:Tuva
3152:Laos
2780:Lama
2628:Śīla
2596:Śīla
2584:Pīti
2574:Sati
2525:Puja
2446:Koan
2352:Dāna
1943:Yasa
1830:Tārā
1456:ISBN
1433:ISBN
1418:ISBN
1404:ISSN
1384:ISBN
1371:ISBN
1353:ISBN
1338:ISBN
1324:ISBN
1302:ISBN
1285:ISBN
1271:ISBN
1258:ISBN
1229:ISBN
1214:ISBN
1128:PMID
1074:ISBN
1053:2015
1002:ISBN
787:Hojo
662:koan
446:hōjō
207:1450
203:1450
40:The
4806:Zen
4752:ken
4605:-dō
4296:Uji
3709:Art
3645:Wat
2181:Zen
1322:.
1120:doi
1108:419
849:in
559:by
330:Uda
259:Zen
251:龍安寺
243:竜安寺
226:.jp
222:www
61:Zen
28:龍安寺
5030::
4618:,
4614:,
3211:ru
1398:.
1256:.
1252::
1248:,
1179:^
1134:.
1126:.
1118:.
1106:.
952:^
423:".
364:.
348:,
344:,
340:,
336:,
332:,
301:.
268:,
253:,
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245:,
241::
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2427:)
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