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Saline lakes are declining worldwide on every continent except
Antarctica, mainly due to human causes, such as damming, diversions, and withdrawals. One of the largest factors causing this decline is agricultural irrigation. Among the most commonly cited examples is the Aral Sea, which has shrunk 90%
378:
climate with a lack of an outlet to the ocean. The high salt content in these bodies of water may come from minerals deposited from the surrounding land. Another source for the salt may be that the body of water was formerly connected to the ocean. While the water evaporates from the lake, the salt
423:
Decline of saline lakes leads to many environmental problems, including human problems, such as toxic dust storms and air pollution, disrupted local water cycles, economic losses, loss of ecosystems, and more. It can even be more costly. For example, in the case of the decline of Owens Lake, dust
424:
stirred up from the dry lakebed has led to air quality higher than allowed by US-air quality standards. This has resulted in the city of Los
Angeles spending $ 3.6 billion over the next 25 years to mitigate dust from the desiccated lakebed, which is more than the value of the diverted water.
804:
1125:
Wang, Jida; Song, Chunqiao; Reager, John T.; Yao, Fangfang; Famiglietti, James S.; Sheng, Yongwei; MacDonald, Glen M.; Brun, Fanny; Schmied, Hannes Müller; Marston, Richard A.; Wada, Yoshihide (December 2018).
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Another anthropogenic threat is climate change. Human-caused climate change is increasing temperature in many arid regions, drying soil, increasing evaporation, and reducing inflows to saline lakes.
776:
834:
1016:
Mayo, Alan L.; Tingey, David G.; Rey, Kevin A.; Winkel, Tony D.; McBride, John H.; Nelson, Stephen T.; Carling, Gregory T.; Bruthans, Jiri; Petersen, Erik C. (December 2020).
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Wurtsbaugh, Wayne A.; Miller, Craig; Null, Sarah E.; DeRose, R. Justin; Wilcock, Peter; Hahnenberger, Maura; Howe, Frank; Moore, Johnnie (October 2017).
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flora and fauna in and around the lake; sometimes, in fact, the result may be an absence or near absence of multicellular life in the salt lake.
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of salt per litre). In some cases, salt lakes have a higher concentration of salt than sea water; such lakes can also be termed
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If the amount of water flowing into a lake is less than the amount evaporated, the lake will eventually disappear and leave a
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1018:"Shallow groundwater flow and inverted fresh/saline-water interface in a hypersaline endorheic basin (Great Basin, USA)"
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Salt lakes form when the water flowing into the lake, containing salt or minerals, cannot leave because the lake is
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Man-made bodies of brine are created for edible salt production. These can be referred to as brine ponds.
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349:(terminal). The water then evaporates, leaving behind any dissolved salts and thus increasing its
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353:, making a salt lake an excellent place for salt production. High salinity can also lead to
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in brine than in fresh or ordinary salt water. Examples of such brine lakes are the
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Large saline lakes make up 44% of the volume and 23% of the area of lakes worldwide.
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Brine lakes consist of water that has reached salt saturation or near saturation (
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401:. These are sometimes called brine lakes, but are more frequently referred to as
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Solutions to the decline of saline lakes can be multifaceted, and include
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Note: Some of the following are also partly fresh and/or brackish water.
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888: – Stratification of a body of water due to salinity differences
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Most brine lakes develop as a result of high evaporation rates in an
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in volume and 74% in area, which is mainly because of irrigation.
405:. It is possible to observe waves on the surface of these bodies.
461:
313:
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Landlocked body of water which has a high concentration of salts
1203:
1101:"NOAA Ocean Explorer: Expedition to the Deep Slope: May 31 Log"
791:
277:) and other dissolved minerals significantly higher than most
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remains. Eventually, the body of water will become brine.
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371:), and may also be heavily saturated with other materials.
282:
278:
961:
1128:"Recent global decline in endorheic basin water storages"
308:
One saline lake classification differentiates between:
882: – Accumulation of brine in a seafloor depression
861:
431:
and water budgeting, and mitigating climate change.
397:
Bodies of brine may also form on the ocean floor at
1015:
894:– organism that thrives in high salt concentrations
382:Because of the density of brine, swimmers are more
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1216:
798:. Salt lakes are particularly common in Iran.
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234:
241:
227:
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116:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1217:
922:
1072:
964:"Decline of the world's saline lakes"
297:salt lake that has a high content of
957:
955:
953:
341:Soltan lake in Iran with salt mounds
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
926:Saline Lake Ecosystems of the World
447:List of bodies of water by salinity
13:
364:(also called playa or salt flat).
325:hypersaline: greater than 50‰ (5%)
14:
1251:
1196:
950:
281:(often defined as at least three
1202:
864:
833:
818:
803:
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441:List of saltwater lakes of China
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30:
293:on account of their colour. An
41:needs additional citations for
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1:
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929:. Springer. pp. 14–15.
7:
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175:(> 5% up to 26%–28% max)
10:
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1105:www.oceanexplorer.noaa.gov
1079:. Utah Geological Survey.
1073:Gwynn, J. Wallace (1980).
1043:10.1007/s10040-020-02209-8
768:
444:
438:
412:Threats and global decline
319:hyposaline: 3–20‰ (0.3-2%)
18:
1152:10.1038/s41561-018-0265-7
322:mesosaline: 20–50‰ (2-5%)
904:List of endorheic basins
434:
923:Hammer, U. T. (1986).
342:
301:is sometimes termed a
782:Astronaut's photo of
340:
1211:at Wikimedia Commons
1022:Hydrogeology Journal
840:Salt transport by a
50:improve this article
19:For other uses, see
1144:2018NatGe..11..926W
1034:2020HydJ...28.2877M
980:2017NatGe..10..816W
672:Little Manitou Lake
131:Part of a series on
627:Lake Pontchartrain
429:water conservation
343:
289:, and may also be
214:Bodies by salinity
1207:Media related to
1132:Nature Geoscience
1086:978-1-55791-083-7
968:Nature Geoscience
752:South Hulsan Lake
732:Sambhar Salt Lake
692:Mar Chiquita Lake
667:Larnaca Salt Lake
287:hypersaline lakes
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1028:(8): 2877–2902.
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898:Hypersaline lake
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790:salt lakes near
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757:Sutton Salt Lake
312:subsaline: 0.5–3
261:is a landlocked
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199:Hypersaline lake
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1230:Endorheic lakes
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1138:(12): 926–932.
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1076:Great Salt Lake
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737:Sarygamysh Lake
622:Lake Paliastomi
587:Lake Enriquillo
572:Lake Baskunchak
537:Laguna Colorada
522:Great Salt Lake
487:Chott el Djerid
449:
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392:Great Salt Lake
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275:sodium chloride
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180:Bodies of water
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152:Salinity levels
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472:Bakhtegan Lake
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722:Redberry Lake
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687:Maharloo Lake
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597:Lake Gairdner
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577:Lake Bumbunga
575:
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562:Lake Balkhash
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532:Khyargas Nuur
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507:Don Juan Pond
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67: –
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61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
1225:Saline lakes
1135:
1131:
1120:
1108:. Retrieved
1104:
1095:
1075:
1068:
1025:
1021:
1011:
999:. Retrieved
971:
967:
940:. Retrieved
925:
918:
872:Lakes portal
717:Qarhan Playa
712:Pulicat Lake
707:Pangong Lake
647:Lake Tyrrell
637:Lake Torrens
602:Lake Hillier
542:Laguna Verde
512:Garabogazköl
502:Devil's Lake
492:Dabusun Lake
482:Chilika Lake
450:
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422:
419:
415:
407:
396:
381:
373:
366:
359:
344:
328:
307:
258:
254:
252:
193:
168:Saline water
160:(< 0.05%)
112:
106:October 2019
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
842:camel train
747:Siling Lake
632:Lake Texoma
617:Lake Natron
612:Lake Mackay
567:Lake Barlee
552:Lake Alakol
527:Grevelingen
477:Caspian Sea
403:brine pools
316:(0.05-0.3%)
273:(typically
265:that has a
259:saline lake
158:Fresh water
65:"Salt lake"
1219:Categories
1209:Salt lakes
910:References
880:Brine pool
846:Lake Karum
811:Lake Elton
727:Salton Sea
682:Lough Hyne
677:Lonar Lake
662:Lake Vanda
652:Lake Urmia
607:Lake Karum
582:Lake Elton
557:Lake Assal
547:Lake Abert
517:Goose Lake
467:Aydar Lake
445:See also:
439:See also:
399:cold seeps
355:halophilic
333:Properties
291:pink lakes
209:Brine pool
76:newspapers
1160:1752-0908
1060:221109949
1052:1431-2174
996:1752-0908
892:Halophile
886:Halocline
826:Mono Lake
784:Bakhtegan
742:Sawa Lake
697:Mono Lake
592:Lake Eyre
347:endorheic
303:soda lake
299:carbonate
255:salt lake
194:Salt lake
165:(0.05–3%)
21:Salt Lake
1186:54555847
1178:30510596
1110:30 March
858:See also
850:Ethiopia
813:, Russia
788:Maharloo
762:Uvs Lake
702:Nam Lake
657:Lake Van
642:Lake Tuz
497:Dead Sea
457:Aral Sea
390:and the
388:Dead Sea
362:dry lake
351:salinity
204:Salt pan
189:Seawater
1169:6267997
1140:Bibcode
1030:Bibcode
976:Bibcode
769:Gallery
462:Aralsor
384:buoyant
295:alkalic
90:scholar
1184:
1176:
1166:
1158:
1083:
1058:
1050:
1001:28 Feb
994:
942:5 June
933:
792:Shiraz
170:(3–5%)
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
1240:Salts
1182:S2CID
1056:S2CID
369:brine
283:grams
279:lakes
271:salts
173:Brine
97:JSTOR
83:books
1174:PMID
1156:ISSN
1112:2018
1081:ISBN
1048:ISSN
1003:2023
992:ISSN
944:2020
931:ISBN
796:Iran
786:and
435:List
376:arid
69:news
1164:PMC
1148:doi
1038:doi
984:doi
848:in
844:on
269:of
257:or
52:by
1221::
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1136:11
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1103:.
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966:.
952:^
794:,
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305:.
253:A
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978::
946:.
852:.
314:‰
242:e
235:t
228:v
119:)
113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
