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686:. In his historical works, Pufendorf wrote in a very dry style, but he professed a great respect for truth and generally drew from archival sources. However, his historical works were heavily pro-Swedish and he supported the claim that eastern Denmark was originally Swedish. In 1658 Denmark was forced to cede the eastern provinces of Skåne (Scania), Halland, and Blekinge (plus some Norwegian territories) to Sweden. Pufendorf defended this move and insisted that these provinces were "reunited" with Sweden and that the Scanian provinces had always belonged to "Götaland". He wrote that "Sweden’s old borders have been healed again". In
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798:), Pufendorf argues that the will of the state is nevertheless nothing more than the sum of the individual wills that are associated within it; hence the state needs to submit to a discipline essential for human safety. This 'submission', in the sense of obedience and mutual respect, is for Pufendorf the fundamental law of reason, which is the basis of natural law. He adds that international law should not be limited or restricted only to the Christian nations, but must create a common link between all peoples, since all nations are part of humanity.
790:. This work took largely the theories of Grotius and many ideas from Hobbes, adding to them Pufendorf's own ideas to develop the law of nations. Pufendorf argues that natural law does not extend beyond the limits of this life and merely regulates only external acts. He also challenges the Hobbesian thesis of a state of nature which is a state of war or conflict. For Pufendorf too there is a state of nature, but it is a state of peace. This natural peace, however, is weak and uncertain. In terms of public law, which recognizes the state (
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638:("Law of Man"). His first important point was that natural law does not extend beyond the limits of this life and that it confines itself to regulating external acts. He disputed Hobbes's conception of the state of nature and concluded that the state of nature is not one of war but of peace. But this peace is feeble and insecure, and if something else does not come to its aid it can do very little for the preservation of mankind.
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522:, and the rest of the staff were arrested and thrown into prison. Pufendorf shared this misfortune, and was held in captivity for eight months. He occupied himself in meditating upon what he had read in the works of Hugo Grotius and Thomas Hobbes, and mentally constructed a system of universal law. At the end of his captivity, he accompanied his pupils, the sons of Coyet, to the
728:) inherent in the church, but in some cases vested in the state by tacit or expressed consent of the ecclesiastical body. The theory was of importance because, by distinguishing church from state while preserving the essential supremacy of the latter, it prepared the way for the principle of toleration. It was put into practice to a certain extent in
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in the 18th century; but it was not till the political changes of the 19th century led to a great mixture of confessions under the various state governments that it found universal acceptance in
Germany. The theory initially found no acceptance in the Roman Catholic Episcopate, but it nonetheless
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into several categories: duties towards God, duties towards oneself, and various forms of duty towards others. Duties towards oneself were classified as "duties of the soul", such as developing skills and talents, and "duties of the body", which involve not doing
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At this time, Charles was endeavoring to impose an unwanted alliance on
Denmark. In the middle of the negotiations he opened hostilities and the Danes turned with anger against his envoys. Coyet succeeded in escaping, but the second minister,
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When
Pufendorf went on to criticise a new tax on official documents, he did not get the chair of law and had to leave Heidelberg in 1668. Chances for advancement were few in a Germany that still suffered from the ravages of the
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The King of Sweden continued to testify his goodwill towards
Pufendorf, and in 1694 created him a baron. In the same year while still in Sweden, Pufendorf suffered a stroke, and died on 26 October 1694 in
663:. Pufendorf powerfully defends the idea that international law is not restricted to Christendom, but constitutes a common bond between all nations because all nations form part of humanity.
557:, that of the law of nature and nations. This professorship was first of its kind in the world. Pufendorf married Katharina Elisabeth von Palthen, the widow of a colleague, in 1665.
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fulfilled the promises of his father; and
Pufendorf, historiographer and privy councillor, was instructed to write a history of the Elector Frederick William (
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diminished his reputation. Pufendorf and
Leibniz shared many theological views, but differed in their philosophical foundation, with Pufendorf leaning toward
576:, denounced in the strongest terms the faults of the house of Austria, and attacked with vigour the politics of the ecclesiastical princes. Before Pufendorf,
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he traces the limits between ecclesiastical and civil power. This work propounded for the first time the so-called "collegial" theory of church government (
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649:), teaches that the will of the state is but the sum of the individual wills that constitute it, and that this association explains the state. In this
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Pufendorf took up in great measure the theories of
Grotius and sought to complete them by means of the doctrines of Hobbes and of his own ideas on
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572:, Severinus de Monzambano, to his brother Laelius. The pamphlet caused a sensation. Its author directly challenged the organization of the
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476:, whose influence helped to develop his remarkable independence of character. Under the influence of Weigel, he started to read
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Döring, Detlef (2010). "Leibniz's critique of
Pufendorf: A dispute in the eve of the Enlightenment". In Dascal, Marcelo (ed.).
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Commentarium de rebus suecicis libri XXVI., ab expeditione
Gustavi Adolphi regis in Germaniam ad abdicationem usque Christinae
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Commentarium de rebus suecicis libri XXVI., ab expeditione
Gustavi Adolphi regis in Germaniam ad abdicationem usque Christinae
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conception, in which he scarcely gives proof of historical insight, he shows himself as one of the precursors of
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626:("On the Duty of Man and Citizen, according to Natural Law"), which, among other topics, gave his analysis of
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772:, where an inscription to his memory is still to be seen. He was succeeded as historiographer in Berlin by
591:("On The Reason of the Present State in Our Holy Roman Empire"). Inimical, like Pufendorf, to the Austrian
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a few months before his death at age 62. Among his achievements are his commentaries and revisions of the
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This theory makes a fundamental distinction between the supreme jurisdiction in ecclesiastical matters (
622:("On The Law of Nature and of Nations: Eight Books") and of, and in 1673 a résumé of it under the title
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Einleitung zu der Historie der Vornehmsten Reiche und Staaten, so itziger Zeit in Europa sich befinden
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564:("On the Present State of the German Empire: One Book"). Published under the cover of a pseudonym at
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Time and Power: Visions of History in German Politics, from the Thirty Years' War to the Third Reich
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De Rebus Gestis Friderici Wilhelmi Magni, Electoris Brandenburgici, Commentariorum Libri Novendecim
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De Rebus Gestis Friderici Wilhelmi Magni, Electoris Brandenburgici, Commentariorum Libri Novendecim
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At Leiden, he was permitted to publish, in 1660, the fruits of his reflections under the title of
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Innledning Till Swänska Historien, (An Introduction to Swedish History), Ståkkholm 1688, page 912
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Johann Christian von Boineburg, Samuel Pufendorf, and the foundation myth of modern natural law
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678:("Introduction to the History of the Most Distinguished Kingdoms and States" as well as
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teaching was repugnant to Pufendorf, and he soon abandoned it for the study of public
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that their quarrel began. Leibniz once dismissed him as "Vir parum jurisconsultus,
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611:(1618-1648), so Pufendorf went to Sweden where that year he was called to the
549:("Elements of Universal Jurisprudence: Two Books"). The work was dedicated to
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De statu imperii Germanici ad Laelium fratrem, Dominum Trezolani, liber unus
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Pufendorf left Jena in 1658 as Magister and became a tutor in the family of
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1185:(in German), vol. 21, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 3–5
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von Pufendorf (alias de Monzambano), Samuel (alias Severinus) (1667).
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pastor, and Samuel Pufendorf himself was destined for the ministry.
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In 1667 he wrote, with the assent of the elector palatine, a tract
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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On The Duty of Man and Citizen According to the Natural Law (1673)
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His political concepts are part of the cultural background of the
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1387:(1960). "History and Law in the Seventeenth Century: Pufendorf".
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As regards public law Pufendorf, while recognizing in the state (
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Engraving by Joseph de Montalegre of Samuel von Pufendorf, 1706
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1698:
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1323:. Vol. 7. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
1265:
Samuel Pufendorf The Grandfather of Modern Political Economy?
694:), which, developed later by the learned Lutheran theologian
454:
367:
1086:
De rebus a Carolo Gustavo Sueciae rege gestis commentariorum
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1628:
1041:
De Officio Hominis et Civis Juxta Legem Naturalem Libri Duo
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1005:
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in 1667, it was supposed to be addressed by a gentleman of
676:
Einleitung zur Historie der vornehmsten Reiche und Staaten
1773:
1668:
458:
1045:
On the Duty of Man and Citizen According to Natural Law
1019:
On the Duty of Man and Citizen According to Natural Law
812:("On the Duty of Man and Citizen"), Pufendorf divides
1321:
The Practice of Reason: Leibniz and his Controversies
1137:
The Practice of Reason: Leibniz and his Controversies
1359:
Sociability in Samuel Pufendorf's Natural Law Theory
589:
De ratione status in imperio nostro romano-germanico
595:, Chemnitz had gone so far as to make an appeal to
464:Leaving Leipzig altogether, Pufendorf relocated to
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1015:De Officio Hominis et Civis Juxta Legem Naturalem
936:Elementorum Iurisprudentiae Universalis libri duo
912:De officio hominis et civis juxta legem naturalem
810:De Officio Hominis et Civis Juxta Legem Naturalem
803:De Officio Hominis et Civis Juxta Legem Naturalem
748:In 1688 Pufendorf was called into the service of
688:De habitu religionis christianae ad vitam civilem
624:De officio hominis et civis iuxta legem naturalem
393:. Pufendorf is seen as an important precursor of
3468:
1361:(PhD thesis). Helsinki: University of Helsinki.
553:, who created for Pufendorf a new chair at the
30:"Puffendorf" redirects here. For the town, see
1133:Döring, Detlef (2010). Dascal, Marcelo (ed.).
737:governments to make a working compromise with
547:Elementa jurisprudentiae universalis libri duo
468:, where he formed an intimate friendship with
1589:
1141:. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p.
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1065:
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993:
951:
932:
779:
2095:
1463:"Pufendorf's Moral and Political Philosophy"
1251:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
2031:
1174:
1109:(in Latin). Vol. II. Berolini: Schrey.
887:. It was on the subject of the pamphlet of
1596:
1582:
1438:
1217:, Lonang Institute, accessed 28 April 2021
1098:(in Latin). Vol. I. Berolini: Schrey.
921:The Political Writings of Samuel Pufendorf
149:
1277:
864:all recommended Pufendorf's inclusion in
750:Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg
426:. His father Esaias Elias Pufendorf from
339:(8 January 1632 – 26 October 1694) was a
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:German jurist and philosopher (1632–1694)
3522:German expatriates in the Dutch Republic
1603:
1484:(in German). Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
1456:. London: John Murray. pp. 305–344.
1419:History of Religion in the United States
1415:
1237:
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906:
828:
824:
758:De rebus gestis Frederici Wilhelmi Magni
533:
495:, one of the resident ministers of King
3537:Academic staff of Heidelberg University
3179:Reflections on the Revolution in France
1460:
1383:
927:Elementorum iurisprudentiae universalis
14:
3469:
1534:Works by or about Samuel von Pufendorf
1482:Die Naturrechtslehre Samuel Pufendorfs
1479:
1318:
1261:
1577:
1356:
1296:
1200:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy,
1121:
1051:. New York: Oxford University Press.
997:De Jure Naturae Et Gentium Libri Octo
620:De jure naturae et gentium libri octo
562:De statu imperii germanici liber unus
514:, a diplomat in the Swedish service.
3557:People from the Electorate of Saxony
1496:
1461:Seidler, Michael (3 November 2015).
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
3289:The End of History and the Last Man
3199:Elements of the Philosophy of Right
1472:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1422:. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
1002:On the Law of Nature and of Nations
941:Elements of Universal Jurisprudence
529:
24:
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615:. His sojourn there was fruitful.
25:
3628:
3552:Academic staff of Lund University
1527:
967:De rebus gestis Philippi Augustae
768:. He was buried in the church of
3577:German philosophers of education
3502:17th-century German philosophers
3497:17th-century German male writers
3259:The Open Society and Its Enemies
1560:"Pufendorf, Samuel, Baron"
1550:
1225:
1177:"Pufendorf, Samuel Freiherr von"
835:Palais Universitaire, Strasbourg
684:De rebus a Carolo Gustavo gestis
666:In 1677 Pufendorf was called to
322:
41:
3597:German philosophers of religion
3532:German male non-fiction writers
2066:Family as a model for the state
1389:Journal of the History of Ideas
1262:Sæther, Arild (February 2017).
955:De Obligatione Adversus Patriam
551:Charles Louis, elector palatine
52:needs additional citations for
3582:German philosophers of history
3567:German philosophers of culture
3416:Separation of church and state
3314:Collectivism and individualism
3269:The Origins of Totalitarianism
1566:New International Encyclopedia
1304:. Princeton University Press.
1207:
1194:
1168:
1159:
1103:von Pufendorf, Samuel (1695).
1092:von Pufendorf, Samuel (1695).
1066:von Pufendorf, Samuel (1683).
1039:von Pufendorf, Samuel (1927).
1013:von Pufendorf, Samuel (1673).
994:von Pufendorf, Samuel (1672).
952:von Pufendorf, Samuel (1663).
933:von Pufendorf, Samuel (1660).
13:
1:
3602:German political philosophers
3492:17th-century writers in Latin
3456:Category:Political philosophy
3329:Critique of political economy
1543:Works by Samuel von Pufendorf
1500:Grotius, Pufendorf, Thomasius
1416:Olmstead, Clifton E. (1960).
1270:Norwegian School of Economics
1114:
745:established in their states.
578:Bogislaw Philipp von Chemnitz
503:with the help of his brother
413:
3354:Institutional discrimination
3349:History of political thought
2081:Negative and positive rights
1512:J. C. B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck)
868:, and he greatly influenced
674:. To this new period belong
408:
7:
3562:People from Erzgebirgskreis
3487:17th-century German writers
3364:Justification for the state
3149:Two Treatises of Government
1549:(public domain audiobooks)
1132:
895:" ("A man barely a jurist,
833:Statue of Pufendorf on the
10:
3633:
3592:Philosophers of literature
3517:Enlightenment philosophers
2034:Bellum omnium contra omnes
1453:Great Jurists of the World
988:De statu imperii Germanici
788:De iure naturae et gentium
781:De iure naturae et gentium
632:De jure naturae et gentium
539:De jure naturae et gentium
497:Charles X Gustav of Sweden
209:Margraviate of Brandenburg
29:
3607:University of Jena alumni
3572:Philosophers of economics
3547:Leipzig University alumni
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2019:
1853:
1782:
1611:
1450:; Manson, Edward (eds.).
1351:History of European Ideas
733:made it possible for the
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316:
312:
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262:
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242:
238:
224:
216:
193:
160:
148:
141:
3239:The Revolt of the Masses
1490:10.1515/9783110902730.fm
1204:, accessed 28 April 2021
1182:Neue Deutsche Biographie
902:
696:Christoph Matthäus Pfaff
555:University of Heidelberg
279:University of Heidelberg
3219:The Communist Manifesto
2145:Tyranny of the majority
2056:Consent of the governed
1248:Encyclopædia Britannica
897:let alone a philosopher
889:Severinus de Monzambano
885:Biblical fundamentalism
879:Pufendorf's feuds with
445:, he was sent to study
366:in 1694; he was made a
247:17th-century philosophy
2096:
2046:Clash of civilizations
2032:
1357:Haara, Heikki (2017).
1345:Gángó, Gábor (2023). "
915:
838:
542:
76:"Samuel von Pufendorf"
3617:Natural law ethicists
2061:Divine right of kings
1480:Welzel, Hans (1958).
1047:]. Translated by
1037:English translation:
919:Craig L. Carr (ed.),
910:
858:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
832:
825:Legacy and reputation
794:) as a moral person (
743:Roman Catholic Church
672:Historiographer Royal
537:
451:University of Leipzig
348:political philosopher
229:University of Leipzig
3507:Age of Enlightenment
3209:Democracy in America
2588:political philosophy
2571:political philosophy
2386:political philosophy
2215:political philosophy
2125:Separation of powers
2086:Night-watchman state
2071:Monopoly on violence
1605:Political philosophy
1175:Luig, Klaus (2003),
1049:Moore, Frank Gardner
983:: Petrum Columesium.
524:University of Leiden
424:Electorate of Saxony
372:Charles XI of Sweden
299:political philosophy
183:Electorate of Saxony
143:Samuel von Pufendorf
61:improve this article
3587:Philosophers of law
3542:Jurists from Saxony
3399:Right-wing politics
3279:A Theory of Justice
3249:The Road to Serfdom
3169:The Social Contract
1876:Christian democracy
1497:Wolf, Erik (1927).
1440:Phillipson, Coleman
391:American Revolution
211:, Holy Roman Empire
3411:Political violence
3406:Political theology
3389:Left-wing politics
3384:Political spectrum
1444:"Samuel Pufendorf"
1298:Clark, Christopher
1074:Franckfurt am Mayn
1021:] (in Latin).
1004:] (in Latin).
943:] (in Latin).
916:
893:minime philosophus
839:
741:in respect of the
645:) a moral person (
613:University of Lund
543:
493:Peter Julius Coyet
466:University of Jena
283:University of Lund
257:Western philosophy
233:University of Jena
3464:
3463:
3374:Philosophy of law
3319:Conflict theories
3159:The Spirit of Law
3066:
3065:
2115:Original position
1376:978-951-51-2904-8
1311:978-0-691-18165-3
1289:978-82-405-0363-5
1243:Pufendorf, Samuel
786:In 1672 appeared
618:In 1672 appeared
609:Thirty Years' War
593:House of Habsburg
574:Holy Roman Empire
453:. The narrow and
330:
329:
187:Holy Roman Empire
137:
136:
129:
111:
32:Puffendorf (town)
16:(Redirected from
3624:
3527:German Lutherans
3379:Political ethics
3369:Machiavellianism
3309:Authoritarianism
3294:
3284:
3274:
3264:
3254:
3244:
3234:
3224:
3214:
3204:
3194:
3184:
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3154:
3144:
3134:
3124:
3114:
3104:
3094:
3084:
2160:
2159:
2101:
2037:
2027:Balance of power
2001:Social democracy
1996:Social Darwinism
1971:Multiculturalism
1916:Environmentalism
1891:Communitarianism
1598:
1591:
1584:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1562:
1554:
1553:
1538:Internet Archive
1523:
1505:
1493:
1476:
1467:Zalta, Edward N.
1457:
1435:
1432:Internet Archive
1412:
1385:Krieger, Leonard
1380:
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1189:full text online
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1099:
1088:(Stockholm 1679)
1077:
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1034:
1023:Londini Scanorum
1009:
1006:Londini Scanorum
990:(Amsterdam 1669)
984:
963:
948:
947:: Adriani Vlacq.
774:Charles Ancillon
704:
586:
530:Career as author
513:
437:Educated at the
360:Samuel Pufendorf
326:
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165:Samuel Pufendorf
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18:Samuel Pufendorf
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3436:Totalitarianism
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3252:
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3109:Treatise on Law
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2720:
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2453:
2447:
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2149:
2135:State of nature
2130:Social contract
2110:Ordered liberty
2098:Noblesse oblige
2015:
1849:
1778:
1607:
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1557:
1551:
1530:
1503:
1448:Macdonell, John
1401:10.2307/2708194
1377:
1339:
1312:
1290:
1258:
1256:Further reading
1241:, ed. (1911). "
1226:
1224:
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1213:Pufendorf, S.,
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1199:
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1169:
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1131:
1122:
1117:
905:
827:
819:harm to oneself
806:
796:persona moralis
784:
718:jus circa sacra
698:
692:Kollegialsystem
647:persona moralis
580:
532:
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418:He was born at
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3341:
3336:
3334:Egalitarianism
3331:
3326:
3324:Contractualism
3321:
3316:
3311:
3305:
3303:
3299:
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2120:Overton window
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2017:
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2014:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
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1951:Libertarianism
1948:
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1528:External links
1526:
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1436:
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1395:(2): 198–210.
1381:
1375:
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1239:Chisholm, Hugh
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661:Contrat social
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486:René Descartes
415:
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358:. He was born
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290:Main interests
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3359:Jurisprudence
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3189:Rights of Man
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2723:
2719:20th and 21st
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2452:18th and 19th
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2308:Nizam al-Mulk
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2012:
2009:
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2002:
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1997:
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1991:Republicanism
1989:
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2376:Guicciardini
2332:Early modern
2155:Philosophers
2105:Open society
2041:Body politic
1911:Distributism
1901:Conservatism
1896:Confucianism
1815:Gerontocracy
1805:Dictatorship
1759:Sovereignty‎
1749:Ruling class
1639:Emancipation
1624:Citizenship‎
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1025:: Junghans.
1018:
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979:(in Latin).
975:
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960:Heidelbergae
958:(in Latin).
954:
945:Haga Comitum
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420:Dorfchemnitz
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384:Hugo Grotius
378:theories of
359:
332:
331:
275:Institutions
199:(1694-10-26)
179:Dorfchemnitz
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
3612:Cameralists
3482:1694 deaths
3477:1632 births
3213:(1835–1840)
3093:(c. 350 BC)
3083:(c. 375 BC)
2700:Tocqueville
2665:Saint-Simon
2630:Montesquieu
2481:Bolingbroke
2413:Machiavelli
2293:Ibn Khaldun
2258:Alpharabius
2251:Middle Ages
2076:Natural law
2051:Common good
1976:Nationalism
1936:Imperialism
1906:Corporatism
1881:Colonialism
1861:Agrarianism
1840:Technocracy
1820:Meritocracy
1800:Bureaucracy
1790:Aristocracy
1008:: Junghans.
874:Montesquieu
770:St Nicholas
699: [
659:and of the
636:jus gentium
630:theory. In
581: [
508: [
376:natural law
269:Natural law
217:Nationality
3471:Categories
3421:Separatism
3229:On Liberty
3129:The Prince
2858:Huntington
2361:Campanella
2288:al-Ghazali
2237:Thucydides
2195:Lactantius
2140:Statolatry
1966:Monarchism
1946:Liberalism
1871:Capitalism
1854:Ideologies
1835:Plutocracy
1783:Government
1739:Revolution
1724:Propaganda
1674:Legitimacy
1649:Government
1115:References
1057:1110799161
870:Blackstone
846:David Hume
842:John Locke
735:Protestant
501:Copenhagen
414:Early life
171:1632-01-08
87:newspapers
3139:Leviathan
3119:Monarchia
3113:(c. 1274)
2948:Oakeshott
2893:Mansfield
2888:Luxemburg
2873:Kropotkin
2768:Bernstein
2721:centuries
2635:Nietzsche
2578:Jefferson
2506:Condorcet
2454:centuries
2433:Pufendorf
2298:Marsilius
2185:Confucius
2170:Aristotle
2163:Antiquity
2091:Noble lie
2011:Third Way
2006:Socialism
1931:Feudalism
1886:Communism
1866:Anarchism
1845:Theocracy
1830:Oligarchy
1810:Democracy
1795:Autocracy
1709:Pluralism
1694:Obedience
1659:Hierarchy
1619:Authority
1520:492155099
1031:759611925
837:, France.
668:Stockholm
409:Biography
356:historian
352:economist
317:Signature
303:economics
225:Education
3394:Centrism
3089:Politics
3079:Republic
3048:Voegelin
3028:Spengler
3013:Shariati
2988:Rothbard
2943:Nussbaum
2843:Habermas
2818:Fukuyama
2808:Foucault
2733:Ambedkar
2710:Voltaire
2680:de Staël
2655:Rousseau
2536:Franklin
2511:Constant
2471:Beccaria
2303:Muhammad
2283:Gelasius
2268:Averroes
2242:Xenophon
2222:Polybius
2175:Chanakya
2020:Concepts
1986:Populism
1956:Localism
1941:Islamism
1926:Feminism
1825:Monarchy
1729:Property
1719:Progress
1684:Monopoly
1654:Hegemony
1547:LibriVox
1508:TĂĽbingen
1442:(1913).
1300:(2019).
1076:: Knoch.
854:Voltaire
657:Rousseau
652:a priori
628:just war
455:dogmatic
447:theology
432:Lutheran
428:Glauchau
364:ennobled
335:Freiherr
3431:Statism
3344:Elitism
3302:Related
3103:(51 BC)
3033:Strauss
3008:Scruton
3003:Schmitt
2993:Russell
2913:Michels
2908:Maurras
2903:Marcuse
2863:Kautsky
2833:Gramsci
2828:Gentile
2798:Dworkin
2788:Du Bois
2783:Dmowski
2778:Chomsky
2773:Burnham
2758:Benoist
2728:Agamben
2695:Thoreau
2685:Stirner
2675:Spencer
2620:Mazzini
2610:Maistre
2605:Madison
2600:Le Play
2531:Fourier
2496:Carlyle
2476:Bentham
2466:Bastiat
2461:Bakunin
2438:Spinoza
2428:MĂĽntzer
2398:Leibniz
2371:Grotius
2351:Bossuet
2318:Plethon
2263:Aquinas
2232:Sun Tzu
2200:Mencius
2190:Han Fei
1961:Marxism
1921:Fascism
1754:Society
1679:Liberty
1664:Justice
1644:Freedom
1569:. 1905.
1536:at the
1469:(ed.).
1409:2708194
1268:(PhD).
1236::
881:Leibniz
792:civitas
730:Prussia
707:Prussia
643:civitas
541:, 1744.
449:at the
422:in the
399:Germany
333:Samuel
307:history
101:scholar
3293:(1992)
3283:(1971)
3273:(1951)
3263:(1945)
3253:(1944)
3243:(1929)
3233:(1859)
3223:(1848)
3203:(1820)
3193:(1791)
3183:(1790)
3173:(1762)
3163:(1748)
3153:(1689)
3143:(1651)
3133:(1532)
3123:(1313)
3053:Walzer
3043:Taylor
2998:Sartre
2963:Popper
2958:Pareto
2953:Ortega
2938:Nozick
2928:Mouffe
2878:Laclau
2838:Guénon
2823:Gandhi
2763:Berlin
2753:Bauman
2748:Badiou
2738:Arendt
2705:Tucker
2595:Le Bon
2556:Herder
2546:Haller
2541:Godwin
2526:Fichte
2521:Engels
2516:Cortés
2486:Bonald
2443:Suárez
2418:Milton
2408:Luther
2381:Hobbes
2366:Filmer
2356:Calvin
2341:Boétie
2334:period
2313:Ockham
2180:Cicero
1981:Nazism
1769:Utopia
1744:Rights
1734:Regime
1704:People
1689:Nation
1518:
1428:382571
1426:
1407:
1373:
1335:
1308:
1286:
1230:
1202:Ethics
1149:
1055:
1029:
981:Geneva
969:(1663)
929:(1660)
914:, 1758
860:, and
814:duties
766:Berlin
601:Sweden
597:France
570:Verona
566:Geneva
505:Esaias
472:, the
443:Grimma
430:was a
403:heresy
344:jurist
341:German
264:School
253:Region
220:German
205:Berlin
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
3442:Index
3071:Works
3058:Weber
3023:Spann
3018:Sorel
2983:Röpke
2978:Rawls
2933:Negri
2923:Mosca
2918:Mises
2883:Lenin
2853:Hoppe
2848:Hayek
2813:Fromm
2803:Evola
2793:Dugin
2690:Taine
2670:Smith
2650:Renan
2645:Paine
2566:Iqbal
2551:Hegel
2501:Comte
2491:Burke
2403:Locke
2393:James
2346:Bodin
2278:Dante
2273:Bruni
2227:Shang
2210:Plato
1764:State
1714:Power
1699:Peace
1634:Elite
1612:Terms
1504:(PDF)
1465:. In
1446:. In
1405:JSTOR
1043:[
1017:[
1000:[
939:[
903:Works
703:]
585:]
512:]
499:, at
368:baron
108:JSTOR
94:books
2973:Rand
2968:Qutb
2868:Kirk
2743:Aron
2660:Sade
2640:Owen
2625:Mill
2615:Marx
2583:Kant
2561:Hume
2423:More
2323:Wang
2205:Mozi
1629:Duty
1516:OCLC
1424:OCLC
1371:ISBN
1333:ISBN
1306:ISBN
1284:ISBN
1147:ISBN
1053:OCLC
1027:OCLC
899:").
872:and
739:Rome
682:and
599:and
484:and
382:and
362:and
354:and
305:and
194:Died
161:Born
80:news
3038:Sun
2898:Mao
1774:War
1669:Law
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1397:doi
1363:hdl
1349:".
1325:doi
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724:or
716:or
670:as
459:law
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370:by
243:Era
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