1186:
216:. The latter was presumably spoken on the islands since the end of the last ice age separated them from the mainland; Chumash would have been introduced in the first millennium after the introduction of plank canoes on the mainland. Evidence of the substratum language is retained in a noticeably non-Chumash phonology, and basic non-Chumash words such as those for 'water' and 'house'.
1237:
281:
313:
276:
1242:
1232:
1227:
1222:
17:
1217:
306:
241:
340:
1190:
299:
1098:
66:
160:
1212:
213:
259:
252:
1159:
1054:
898:
594:
581:
272:
834:
972:
903:
322:
934:
1167:
710:
670:
614:
600:
445:
859:
773:
767:
755:
607:
588:
466:
459:
209:
205:
761:
741:
376:
431:
8:
1149:
748:
421:
201:
197:
96:
892:
452:
253:
California Indian linguistic records: The
Mission Indian vocabularies of Alphonse Pinart
1086:
1033:
885:
841:
734:
696:
682:
661:
557:
495:
873:
176:
1103:
950:
921:
908:
879:
867:
827:
817:
780:
635:
574:
568:
502:
260:
California Indian linguistic records: The
Mission Indian vocabularies of H.W. Henshaw
237:
62:
1144:
1134:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1081:
1049:
1043:
1027:
991:
960:
914:
803:
703:
620:
516:
478:
409:
395:
79:
73:
1139:
1091:
966:
928:
848:
797:
728:
676:
630:
548:
537:
530:
523:
509:
488:
384:
349:
88:
286:
1038:
1007:
979:
792:
786:
723:
689:
625:
563:
402:
365:
358:
1206:
1001:
716:
648:
641:
389:
153:
52:
939:
291:
144:
204:. It shows evidence of mixing between a core Chumashan language such as
48:
169:
137:
282:
Berkeley.edu; California
Language Archive: Island Chumash language
287:
Language-archives.org: OLAC resources about the Cruzeño language
262:. University of California Anthropological Records 15:85-202.
255:. University of California Anthropological Records 15:1-84.
1204:
277:Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
307:
236:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
1238:History of Santa Barbara County, California
321:
314:
300:
27:Extinct Shumashan language of California
14:
1205:
1243:History of Ventura County, California
1233:Languages extinct in the 20th century
295:
24:
1228:Extinct languages of North America
1223:Indigenous languages of California
212:and an indigenous language of the
200:spoken along the coastal areas of
25:
1254:
266:
1185:
1184:
226:
13:
1:
1218:Channel Islands of California
219:
7:
234:California Indian Languages
10:
1259:
334:indicate extinct languages
1180:
1158:
1127:
1074:
1067:
1017:
989:
948:
858:
815:
660:
547:
476:
419:
375:
348:
339:
329:
167:
151:
135:
130:
115:
85:
72:
58:
44:
37:
32:
18:Santa Cruz Island Chumash
258:Heizer R. F., ed. 1952.
251:Heizer R. F., ed. 1952.
196:, is one of the extinct
78:1915, with the death of
323:Languages of California
273:Island Chumash language
232:Golla, Victor. (2011).
1168:American Sign Language
774:Southern Sierra Miwok
768:Northern Sierra Miwok
762:Central Sierra Miwok
1213:Chumashan languages
1099:Californian Spanish
202:Southern California
198:Chumashan languages
1087:California English
1018:Language isolates
711:Tule–Kaweah Yokuts
697:Kings River Yokuts
683:Buena Vista Yokuts
275:— overview at the
1200:
1199:
1176:
1175:
1063:
1062:
595:Southeastern Pomo
582:Northeastern Pomo
242:978-0-5202-6667-4
183:
182:
67:Santa Rosa Island
63:Santa Cruz Island
16:(Redirected from
1250:
1188:
1187:
1082:American English
1072:
1071:
1055:Plains Sign Talk
1020:and unclassified
835:New River Shasta
346:
345:
316:
309:
302:
293:
292:
244:
230:
188:, also known as
179:
163:
147:
140:
91:
80:Fernando Librado
30:
29:
21:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1172:
1154:
1123:
1092:Chicano English
1059:
1053:
1019:
1013:
985:
973:Southern Patwin
944:
904:Northern Paiute
893:Luiseño-Juaneño
854:
811:
656:
543:
472:
415:
371:
335:
325:
320:
269:
248:
247:
231:
227:
222:
214:Channel Islands
175:
159:
156:
143:
136:
111:
92:
89:Language family
87:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1256:
1246:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1170:
1164:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1078:
1076:
1069:
1068:Non-Indigenous
1065:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1023:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1011:
997:
995:
987:
986:
984:
983:
976:
969:
964:
956:
954:
946:
945:
943:
942:
937:
932:
925:
918:
911:
906:
901:
896:
889:
882:
877:
870:
864:
862:
856:
855:
853:
852:
845:
838:
831:
823:
821:
813:
812:
810:
809:
808:
807:
800:
795:
790:
778:
777:
776:
771:
764:
759:
752:
745:
738:
726:
721:
720:
719:
714:
707:
700:
693:
690:Gashowu Yokuts
686:
674:
666:
664:
658:
657:
655:
654:
653:
652:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
611:
604:
597:
592:
585:
578:
571:
566:
561:
553:
551:
545:
544:
542:
541:
534:
527:
520:
513:
506:
499:
492:
484:
482:
474:
473:
471:
470:
463:
456:
449:
442:
435:
427:
425:
417:
416:
414:
413:
406:
399:
392:
387:
381:
379:
373:
372:
370:
369:
362:
354:
352:
343:
337:
336:
330:
327:
326:
319:
318:
311:
304:
296:
290:
289:
284:
279:
268:
267:External links
265:
264:
263:
256:
246:
245:
224:
223:
221:
218:
194:Island Chumash
181:
180:
173:
165:
164:
157:
152:
149:
148:
141:
133:
132:
131:Language codes
128:
127:
126:
125:
122:
117:
113:
112:
110:
109:
108:
107:
95:
93:
86:
83:
82:
76:
70:
69:
60:
56:
55:
46:
45:Native to
42:
41:
40:Island Chumash
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1255:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1193:
1192:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1160:Sign language
1157:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1075:Indo-European
1073:
1070:
1066:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1004:
1003:
999:
998:
996:
994:
993:
988:
982:
981:
977:
975:
974:
970:
968:
965:
963:
962:
958:
957:
955:
953:
952:
947:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
930:
926:
924:
923:
919:
917:
916:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
894:
890:
888:
887:
883:
881:
878:
876:
875:
871:
869:
866:
865:
863:
861:
857:
851:
850:
846:
844:
843:
839:
837:
836:
832:
830:
829:
825:
824:
822:
820:
819:
814:
806:
805:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
788:
784:
783:
782:
779:
775:
772:
770:
769:
765:
763:
760:
758:
757:
753:
751:
750:
746:
744:
743:
739:
737:
736:
732:
731:
730:
727:
725:
722:
718:
717:Valley Yokuts
715:
713:
712:
708:
706:
705:
701:
699:
698:
694:
692:
691:
687:
685:
684:
680:
679:
678:
675:
673:
672:
671:Klamath-Modoc
668:
667:
665:
663:
659:
651:
650:
646:
645:
644:
643:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
616:
615:Southern Pomo
612:
610:
609:
605:
603:
602:
601:Northern Pomo
598:
596:
593:
591:
590:
586:
584:
583:
579:
577:
576:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
559:
555:
554:
552:
550:
546:
540:
539:
535:
533:
532:
528:
526:
525:
521:
519:
518:
514:
512:
511:
507:
505:
504:
500:
498:
497:
493:
491:
490:
486:
485:
483:
481:
480:
475:
469:
468:
464:
462:
461:
457:
455:
454:
450:
448:
447:
443:
441:
440:
436:
434:
433:
429:
428:
426:
424:
423:
418:
412:
411:
407:
405:
404:
400:
398:
397:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
382:
380:
378:
374:
368:
367:
363:
361:
360:
356:
355:
353:
351:
347:
344:
342:
338:
333:
328:
324:
317:
312:
310:
305:
303:
298:
297:
294:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
274:
271:
270:
261:
257:
254:
250:
249:
243:
239:
235:
229:
225:
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
178:
174:
172:
171:
166:
162:
158:
155:
154:Linguist List
150:
146:
142:
139:
134:
129:
123:
120:
119:
118:
114:
106:
103:
102:
100:
99:
98:
94:
90:
84:
81:
77:
75:
71:
68:
64:
61:
57:
54:
53:United States
50:
47:
43:
36:
31:
19:
1189:
1048:
1042:
1032:
1026:
1006:
1000:
990:
978:
971:
959:
949:
927:
920:
913:
891:
884:
872:
847:
840:
833:
826:
816:
802:
785:
766:
756:Plains Miwok
754:
747:
740:
733:
709:
702:
695:
688:
681:
669:
647:
640:
613:
608:Central Pomo
606:
599:
589:Eastern Pomo
587:
580:
573:
556:
536:
529:
522:
515:
508:
501:
494:
487:
477:
465:
458:
451:
444:
438:
437:
430:
420:
408:
401:
394:
364:
357:
331:
233:
228:
193:
192:(Ysleño) or
189:
185:
184:
168:
104:
935:Tübatulabal
860:Uto Aztecan
742:Coast Miwok
1207:Categories
1150:Vietnamese
749:Lake Miwok
446:Purisimeño
377:Athabaskan
341:Indigenous
220:References
49:California
1034:Chimariko
886:Kitanemuk
842:Okwanuchu
735:Bay Miwok
704:Palewyami
558:Chimariko
503:Ramaytush
496:Chochenyo
467:Ventureño
460:Barbareño
422:Chumashan
210:Ventureño
206:Barbareño
170:Glottolog
138:ISO 639-3
97:Chumashan
1191:Category
1104:Armenian
922:Tataviam
909:Panamint
880:Kawaiisu
868:Cahuilla
828:Konomihu
662:Penutian
636:Kumeyaay
575:Atsugewi
569:Achomawi
432:Obispeño
177:cruz1243
116:Dialects
101:Southern
1145:Tagalog
1135:Chinese
1119:Russian
1114:Punjabi
1109:Persian
1050:Takelma
1044:Salinan
1028:Esselen
961:Nomlaki
951:Wintuan
915:Serrano
818:Shastan
804:Nisenan
781:Maiduan
621:Kashaya
517:Awaswas
453:Ineseño
439:Cruzeño
410:Wailaki
396:Mattole
332:Italics
186:Cruzeño
121:Cruzeño
105:Cruzeño
74:Extinct
33:Cruzeño
1140:Korean
992:Yukian
967:Patwin
929:Tongva
874:Cupeño
849:Shasta
798:Konkow
677:Yokuts
631:Mojave
538:Chalon
531:Rumsen
524:Mutsun
510:Tamyen
489:Karkin
479:Ohlone
385:Tolowa
240:
190:Isleño
124:Roseño
59:Region
38:Isleño
1128:Asian
1039:Karuk
1008:Wappo
980:Wintu
793:Maidu
787:Chico
729:Miwok
724:Wintu
626:Washo
564:Karuk
549:Hokan
403:Cahto
366:Yurok
359:Wiyot
350:Algic
1002:Yuki
899:Mono
649:Yahi
642:Yana
390:Hupa
238:ISBN
940:Ute
208:or
161:crz
145:crz
1209::
1047:,
1041:,
1037:,
1031:,
1005:,
65:,
51:,
315:e
308:t
301:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.