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555:"All freedmen over 60 years of age, once their time of service has been completed, will remain in the company of their former masters, who will be obliged to feed them, clothe them, and treat them in their illnesses, enjoying the services compatible with their strength, unless they prefer to obtain the means of subsistence elsewhere, and the Orphans' Judges deem them capable of doing so."
540:
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The sanctioned text provided for the release of slaves who were over 60 years of age, but not without imposing conditions: before release, there would be mandatory and free service, which would be provided as compensation, paid to their masters. If they reached 65 years of age, the provision of such
619:
had become a popular cause and had the support not only of broad sectors of the popular classes, but also of important sectors of the middle classes, and even of some representatives of the elites. It also had the support of the princess and the emperor. The movement was now uncontrollable. Nothing
591:
of the general population was 27.4 years, while that of the slaves was 21 years. In 1887, out of a total of 723 thousand slaves, only 28.8 thousand were over 55 years old. Furthermore, the amount paid for slaves was higher for the younger ones, varying from 900 contos de réis (for slaves up to 30
371:
Even though it had virtually no practical effect, since it freed only slaves who, because of their age, were less valued, there was great resistance from slaveowners and their representatives in the
National Assembly. On the other hand, the masters falsely registered their slaves as being younger
509:
dissolved the lower House of
Parliament, with the subsequent calling of general elections. The liberation of sexagenarian slaves without receiving compensation was the issue that brought about the greatest disagreement, which continued after the elections, leading Dantas to step down.
525:
upon compensation. The
Saraiva Office went through a crisis before the measure was approved by the Senate, although it had already received the support of the deputies. Saraiva eventually fell and the new president-designate, the conservative João Maurício Wanderley,
447:, while the latter granted freedom to the children born to enslaved women. Both were preceded by the Feijó Law, which decreed that blacks arriving in Brazil would be free, but was not enforced and was therefore nicknamed the "law for the
497:
ideas. Initially, the proposition, which became known as the Dantas
Project, established the liberation of slaves who were over 60 years old, and would not receive any compensation, besides the increase in taxes paid by slave owners.
415:
abolished slavery but maintained the practice of sending slaves to its colonies in slave ships until 1869. In colonial Brazil, revolutionary movements fought to free slaves and make them rebel against their masters.
530:
of
Cotegipe, succeeded in approving the bill without amendments from the senators, although several criticisms continued to be made. On September 28, 1885, the emperor sanctioned the bill, converting it into law.
379:, in 1884. The slaveowners reacted badly and the law was only approved in 1885, with a series of amendments, and after raising the age limit for slaves from 60 to 65. Most of the sexagenarians were located in the
566:"The Government will establish at various points in the Empire or in the Provinces agricultural colonial frontiers, governed with military discipline, to which freedmen without occupation will be sent."
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181:
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aged 60 or older. Before the release, there would be mandatory and free service, which would be provided as compensation, paid to the slaves' masters; unless the slave reached 65 years of age.
611:"It was a desperate attempt by those who clung to slavery to halt the march of the process. But it was too late. The people had snatched the direction of the movement from the hands of the
198:
424:, the country maintained a cautious stance on the issue, seeking to end slavery gradually, as there was a fear that a sudden end to the practice could create a socio-economic crisis.
505:
declaring their opposition and liberals dividing themselves. The
Chamber approved a motion repudiating the project and, in the course of the political crisis created, Emperor
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At the time the
Sexagenarian Law was enacted, the Brazilian government was suffering internal and external pressures to curb slavery. In the other newly independent
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561:"The one who absconds from his domicile will be considered a vagabond and apprenticed by the Police to be employed in public works or agricultural colonies."
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558:"It is domicile bound for five years, counted from the date of liberation, the municipality where he has been freed, except that of the capital cities."
552:"Remission of the same services is allowed, upon the value not exceeding half of the value arbitrated for slaves of the class of 55 to 60 years of age";
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The adoption of the
Sexagenarian Law produced few practical effects since only a minority of Brazilian slaves were over 60 years old. In 1872, the
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The abolitionist cause attracted greater popular clamor in the 1870s. The adoption of the
Sexagenarian Law was preceded by the enactment of the
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than they in fact were and, when freed, many had nowhere to go and/or had their relatives kept in the same situation of slavery.
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359:), officially Law No. 3,270 of 28 September 1885, was a Brazilian law enacted on 28 September 1885 that granted freedom to
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The pressure on
Parliament intensified after the so-called Dantas Project, a proposal by the liberal minister and senator
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Compensation amounts foreseen in the law by age group. The beginning of each row mentions the age, and the end the price.
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922:"Abolição da escravidão em 1888 foi votada pela elite evitando a reforma agrária, diz historiador"
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1224:(in Portuguese) (8a ed. rev. e ampliada ed.). São Paulo, SP: Editora Unesp. pp. 90–91.
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service would be waived. In addition, the text also established other provisions, including:
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the task of forming a new office. Saraiva was also a liberal politician, but considered more
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and conciliatory than Dantas. In drafting a new bill, Saraiva included the provision of
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Brazilian law from September 28, 1885, guaranteeing freedom to slaves aged 60 or older
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803:"Corrente de WhatsApp mistura fato e ficção para exaltar família real brasileira"
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1137:. Vol. 5. Leslie Bethell. São Paulo, SP, Brasil: EDUSP. 2001. p. 679.
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1082:"História – 28 de setembro de 1885 – Promulgada a Lei dos Sexagenários"
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Sousa Dantas, presented to the parliament a bill that gave prestige to
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882:"'Leis para inglês ver' antecederam abolição da escravatura no Brasil"
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Illustration about the Sexagenarian Law, published in issue 413 of
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In 1884, the president of the Council of Ministers, the
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Regulates the gradual extinction of the servile element
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1260:(in Portuguese). Brasília: Senado Federal do Brasil.
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861:. Governo Federal do Brasil. 11 November 2016
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1193:"A Abolição – O Papel Desempenhado
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730:"Quilombos e Revoltas de Escravos"
387:and Senate. In 1888, however, the
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1199:. Congresso Nacional. March 2018
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967:, pp. 55–56)
946:. Projeto Memória
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1338:Second Reign
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571:Consequences
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377:Sousa Dantas
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1602:(1864–1870)
1596:(1864–1865)
1590:(1851–1852)
1588:Platine War
1584:(1835–1840)
1578:(1835–1845)
1572:(1825–1828)
1560:(1822–1824)
1330:First Reign
805:. Aos Fatos
523:manumission
471:Proceedings
460:slave labor
458:countries,
445:slave trade
385:lower House
273:Saraiva Law
219: [
202: [
185: [
138: [
1734:Categories
1258:A Abolição
1221:A abolição
892:2023-04-13
652:References
535:Provisions
345:Portuguese
293:Golden Law
199:Decree 523
162:Article 99
32:Long title
1693:Lei Áurea
1652:Luís Gama
1582:Cabanagem
1354:Provinces
1240:500197554
1161:cite book
636:Lei Áurea
617:Abolition
601:Lei Áurea
595:In 1888,
451:to see".
389:Lei Áurea
1485:Military
1426:Politics
1394:Pedro II
1377:Monarchy
1349:Nobility
1203:17 March
1153:44782423
1117:18 March
1088:18 March
1033:17 March
950:17 March
928:17 March
901:cite web
865:17 March
836:17 March
809:17 March
786:17 March
759:17 March
736:17 March
713:17 March
679:17 March
625:See also
519:moderate
507:Pedro II
422:Pedro II
367:Overview
216:Land Law
1615:Slavery
1389:Pedro I
1344:Economy
1334:Regency
1322:History
491:liberal
449:English
437:African
395:Context
77:Summary
59:Enacted
1724:Brazil
1710:Portal
1666:Others
1566:(1824)
1460:Others
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613:elites
607:wrote:
441:Brazil
381:coffee
361:slaves
1107:(PDF)
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528:Baron
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1550:Wars
1236:OCLC
1226:ISBN
1205:2020
1167:link
1149:OCLC
1139:ISBN
1119:2020
1090:2020
1035:2020
952:2020
930:2020
907:link
867:2020
838:2020
811:2020
788:2020
761:2020
738:2020
715:2020
681:2020
466:Bill
339:The
297:1888
287:1885
277:1881
267:1875
257:1871
247:1855
237:1850
227:1850
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193:1840
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