31:
194:
were built. Although the improved performance of the turboprops was appreciated by prospective customers, the lack of a US certification limited potential sales. Two
Saunders ST-27s were dry-leased to "Sky-West" in order to provide scheduled air service to Yorkton, Dauphin and Brandon (from Saskatoon and Winnipeg) as an economic development project. Other ST-27s served as regional airliners in Ontario and elsewhere but few air carriers were exploiting this route system at the time. The notable exception was Air Otonabee (from 1980: Air Atonabee) operating scheduled passenger service from the Island Airport (Toronto), using ST-27 aircraft beginning in 1974; by 1984, it was carrying 25,000 passengers annually.
203:
262:
304:
182:. The remanufactured design was based on a stretched fuselage to accommodate 23 passengers, a lengthened nose to fit radar, reshaped vertical tail (also increased in size) and two Pratt and Whitney PT6A turboprops replacing the original four Gipsy Queen piston engines, along with other minor changes. All of the aircraft's systems, including the brakes, were pneumatic with the exception of the windshield wipers, which were hydraulic.
230:
While testing was taking place towards an
American certification, the Saunders company had plans for series production but no firm orders and a tremendous drain on available funding. The precarious financial situation eventually led to a review by the Manitoba government and the withdrawal of funding
193:
Originally based in
Montreal, Quebec, the Saunders operation moved to Gimli, Manitoba in 1971 after substantial start-up funding was obtained from the Manitoba provincial government. The government eventually invested $ 52 million (Canadian) until 1976 when the funding was cancelled. Only 12 ST-27s
222:
Aviation. Although superficially similar to the earlier ST-27, the new aircraft benefited from the experiences of flying the earlier airliner in regular service. Larger cabin windows, an increased rudder size, four-bladed propellers and a host of other enhancements were incorporated in the ST-28,
231:
in 1976. The company was forced to wind down operations and sold all assets and rights to Air
Otonabee, one of the primary operators of the earlier ST-27. By the early 1980s, the sturdy airliners began to fade from service with the last ST-27 being retired during this period.
279:
210:
With only meager sales success due to the certification issue and with old Herons becoming more expensive, the company decided to manufacture a new version based on the original ST-27, compliant with
242:(cn 009) was converted from DH Heron c/no. 14095 in 1974 and is now on display at the Canadian Bushplane Heritage Centre, Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, Canada. The ST-28 prototype owned by the
440:
230 mph (370 km/h, 200 kn) at 7,000 ft (2,100 m) (max cruise); 210 mph (340 km/h; 180 kn) at 7,000 ft (2,100 m) (econ cruise)
661:
170:
turboprops and a stretched fuselage. Despite its promise as a regional airliner, the project collapsed when
Manitoba government funding was withdrawn in 1976.
289:
223:
including a 1,000 lb (450 kg) increase in maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) and extra fuel capacity. The first flight of the prototype,
654:
1018:
1013:
1814:
647:
1804:
1768:
1319:
178:
Using 13 surplus de
Havilland Herons airframes, Saunders designed the conversion and utilized some engineering input from
1294:
1794:
1314:
1309:
630:
611:
589:
1571:
1299:
963:
883:
87:
30:
1304:
1632:
1123:
243:
408:
247:
167:
1553:
1070:
970:
211:
639:
1799:
1366:
995:
990:
523:
1809:
1663:
1329:
1324:
1161:
1005:
892:
867:
378:
1704:
1658:
1379:
1213:
1208:
1096:
975:
887:
879:
858:
831:
814:
723:
718:
151:
65:
1622:
1176:
1166:
1143:
1088:
853:
733:
728:
422:
1389:
1341:
1336:
1171:
948:
1449:
1402:
1228:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1118:
1108:
862:
60:
36:
567:
Gerritsma, Joop (Winter 1997). "The
Saunders ST-27: A Prop-Jet Commuter Liner by Conversion".
1351:
1346:
1238:
938:
933:
849:
786:
781:
1694:
1689:
1543:
1407:
1078:
8:
1579:
1439:
1374:
1356:
1286:
1033:
928:
841:
791:
1650:
1589:
1498:
1412:
1048:
218:
was manufactured at the Gimli, Manitoba factory using new jigs and tooling supplied by
163:
135:
1615:
1597:
1138:
1023:
902:
626:
607:
599:
585:
284:
202:
1740:
1727:
1153:
1133:
1043:
809:
294:
179:
1773:
1515:
1508:
1429:
958:
953:
826:
821:
700:
219:
155:
1735:
1525:
1475:
1434:
1243:
1233:
1223:
1113:
1060:
985:
943:
529:, 13 March 1975, p. 395 (online archive version). Retrieved: 14 December 2008.
1788:
1640:
1503:
1483:
1266:
980:
801:
316:
1745:
1424:
1419:
1397:
1253:
761:
743:
669:
274:
1538:
1533:
1493:
872:
710:
684:
1760:
1668:
1561:
1488:
1465:
1444:
1261:
1218:
1128:
1103:
910:
756:
450:
1750:
1276:
1271:
412:
1673:
1607:
1203:
1198:
1055:
920:
776:
771:
766:
751:
309:
159:
53:
676:
267:
148:
162:. The aircraft was designed as a conversion of the earlier
401:
320 imp gal (380 US gal; 1,500 L)
584:(1. publ. ed.). Stittsville, Ont.: Canada's Wings.
166:. The conversion program was extensive and featured two
670:
Certified/factory-built aircraft manufactured in Canada
446:
70 mph (110 km/h, 61 kn) (flaps down)
322:
185:
The prototype made its first flight on 28 May 1969.
147:was a regional aircraft built in the 1970s by the
522:"Air Transport - Light Commercial and Business";
421:3-bladed Hartzell fully-feathering and reversing
1786:
317:Aerolinas Centrales de Colombia - ACES Colombia
606:. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company.
569:Canadian Aviation Historical Society – Journal
280:On Air Limited, Thunder Bay Ont. Airtport, YQT
275:Air Atonabee (Otonabee Airways) - City Express
655:
579:
425:, 7 ft 6 in (2.29 m) diameter
662:
648:
544:
566:
461:852 mi (1,371 km, 740 nmi)
455:292 mph (470 km/h, 254 kn)
415:, 715 shp (533 kW) each (eshp)
173:
532:
501:
206:Saunders ST-28 prototype at Marana, 1975
201:
623:Jane's All the world's Aircraft 1975-76
604:Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1971-72
330:Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1971–72
1787:
620:
598:
550:
538:
507:
212:US Federal Aviation Regulation Part 23
188:
643:
1342:DH.82C Tiger Moth & Menasco Moth
518:
516:
356:58 ft 10 in (17.93 m)
580:Molson, K.M.; Taylor, H.A. (1982).
362:71 ft 6 in (21.79 m)
13:
368:15 ft 7 in (4.75 m)
14:
1826:
513:
374:499 sq ft (46.4 m)
323:Specifications for Saunders ST-27
197:
621:Taylor, John W. R., ed. (1975).
473:1,600 ft/min (8.1 m/s)
302:
260:
250:, was cut up for scrap in 2014.
88:Aerolineas Centrales de Colombia
29:
16:Canadian regional aircraft, 1969
1815:Twin-turboprop tractor aircraft
560:
1633:Ontario Provincial Air Service
483:Landing run from 50 ft (15 m):
409:Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6
395:13,500 lb (6,123 kg)
244:Western Canada Aviation Museum
180:Aviation Traders (Engineering)
168:Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6
1:
489:
467:25,000 ft (7,600 m)
389:7,600 lb (3,447 kg)
246:and originally stored at the
1805:Aircraft first flown in 1969
1134:Hurricane Mk.X, XI & XII
1071:Canadian Associated Aircraft
625:. London: Jane's Yearbooks.
582:Canadian aircraft since 1909
477:Takeoff run to 50 ft (15 m):
253:
234:
227:took place on 18 July 1974.
7:
10:
1831:
1554:Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm
1036:Toronto Curtiss Aeroplanes
1006:Canadian Aerodrome Company
485:1,150 ft (350 m)
479:2,350 ft (720 m)
1759:
1726:
1703:
1682:
1649:
1631:
1606:
1588:
1572:National Research Council
1570:
1552:
1524:
1474:
1458:
1388:
1365:
1285:
1252:
1152:
1087:
1069:
1032:
1004:
919:
903:Bristol/McDonald Brothers
901:
840:
802:Boeing Aircraft of Canada
800:
742:
709:
693:
675:
423:constant-speed propellers
285:Bearskin Lake Air Service
152:Saunders Aircraft Company
131:
123:
115:
107:
102:
94:
81:
71:
66:Saunders Aircraft Company
59:
49:
44:
28:
23:
1795:1960s Canadian airliners
1089:Canadian Car and Foundry
494:
1651:Ottawa Car and Aircraft
1144:Harvard Mk.IIB and Mk.4
1139:Norseman Mk.V & VII
335:General characteristics
1774:CL-515 First Responder
1104:Anson Mk.II & Mk.V
207:
174:Design and development
37:London Gatwick Airport
1097:Maple Leaf Trainer II
205:
1034:Canadian Aeroplanes/
959:CL-415 Super Scooper
527:Flight International
214:(FAR 23). The first
1287:de Havilland Canada
393:Max takeoff weight:
189:Operational history
45:General information
1800:De Havilland Heron
1590:National Steel Car
954:CL-215 Waterbomber
600:Taylor, John W. R.
451:Never exceed speed
290:Northward Airlines
208:
164:de Havilland Heron
136:de Havilland Heron
35:Saunders ST-27 at
1810:Low-wing aircraft
1782:
1781:
1683:Reid/Curtiss-Reid
1024:Hubbard Monoplane
964:CL-600 Challenger
810:C-204 Thunderbird
524:"Saunders ST-28."
141:
140:
1822:
1769:DHC-6 Twin Otter
1751:York C.1 Special
1728:Victory Aircraft
1459:Federal Aircraft
1367:Diamond Aircraft
1337:DH.60 Gipsy Moth
1320:DHC-6 Twin Otter
1209:CH-300 Pacemaker
1154:Canadian Vickers
1114:CBY-3 Loadmaster
787:505 Jet Ranger X
782:429 GlobalRanger
694:Avian Industries
664:
657:
650:
641:
640:
636:
617:
595:
576:
554:
553:, pp. 26–27
548:
542:
536:
530:
520:
511:
505:
465:Service ceiling:
433:
337:
308:
306:
305:
295:Voyageur Airways
266:
264:
263:
33:
21:
20:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1755:
1722:
1699:
1678:
1645:
1627:
1602:
1584:
1580:tailless glider
1566:
1548:
1520:
1470:
1454:
1384:
1361:
1347:DH.83C Fox Moth
1281:
1277:J-5 Cub Cruiser
1248:
1229:Super Universal
1148:
1083:
1065:
1035:
1028:
1000:
981:Freedom Fighter
929:CL-4 North Star
915:
897:
836:
796:
738:
705:
701:2/180 Gyroplane
689:
671:
668:
633:
614:
592:
563:
558:
557:
549:
545:
537:
533:
521:
514:
506:
502:
497:
492:
429:
333:
325:
303:
301:
261:
259:
256:
237:
220:Hawker Siddeley
200:
191:
176:
90:
77:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1828:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1780:
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1777:
1776:
1771:
1765:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1736:Lancaster Mk.X
1732:
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1724:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1709:
1707:
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1700:
1698:
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1677:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1655:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1641:CA-6M Airsedan
1637:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1612:
1610:
1604:
1603:
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1576:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1558:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1544:Centennial 100
1541:
1536:
1530:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1484:1,2,5 & 21
1480:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1462:
1460:
1456:
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1452:
1447:
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1437:
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1427:
1422:
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1400:
1394:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1371:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1354:
1352:DH.98 Mosquito
1349:
1344:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1295:DHC-1 Chipmunk
1291:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1280:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1258:
1256:
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1075:
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1021:
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1002:
1001:
999:
998:
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988:
983:
978:
973:
967:
966:
961:
956:
951:
949:CL-84 Dynavert
946:
941:
936:
931:
925:
923:
917:
916:
914:
913:
907:
905:
899:
898:
896:
895:
890:
880:Challenger 300
876:
875:
870:
865:
859:Global Express
856:
850:CRJ100/200/440
846:
844:
838:
837:
835:
834:
829:
824:
818:
817:
812:
806:
804:
798:
797:
795:
794:
792:525 Relentless
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
748:
746:
740:
739:
737:
736:
731:
726:
724:C-102 Jetliner
721:
715:
713:
707:
706:
704:
703:
697:
695:
691:
690:
688:
687:
681:
679:
673:
672:
667:
666:
659:
652:
644:
638:
637:
631:
618:
612:
602:, ed. (1971).
596:
590:
577:
562:
559:
556:
555:
543:
531:
512:
499:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
487:
486:
480:
474:
471:Rate of climb:
468:
462:
456:
447:
441:
427:
426:
416:
402:
399:Fuel capacity:
396:
390:
384:
375:
369:
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351:
345:
324:
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313:
312:
298:
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277:
271:
270:
255:
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236:
233:
199:
198:Saunders ST-28
196:
190:
187:
175:
172:
145:Saunders ST-27
139:
138:
133:
132:Developed from
129:
128:
125:
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117:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
100:
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92:
91:
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83:
79:
78:
76:David Saunders
75:
73:
69:
68:
63:
57:
56:
51:
47:
46:
42:
41:
34:
26:
25:
24:Saunders ST-27
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1827:
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1811:
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1806:
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1801:
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1790:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1758:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1746:Lincoln Mk.XV
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
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1731:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1716:
1714:
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1656:
1654:
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1648:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1624:
1623:Harvard Mk.II
1621:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1593:
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1500:
1497:
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1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1451:
1450:SBF Helldiver
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1381:
1380:DA40-180 Star
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1315:DHC-5 Buffalo
1313:
1311:
1310:DHC-4 Caribou
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1272:J-4 Cub Coupe
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
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1200:
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1188:
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1160:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1129:Goblin/Delfín
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1119:SBW Helldiver
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1086:
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1068:
1062:
1059:
1057:
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1053:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1019:Baddeck No. 2
1017:
1015:
1014:Baddeck No. 1
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1003:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
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855:
851:
848:
847:
845:
843:
839:
833:
832:PB2B Catalina
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
819:
816:
813:
811:
808:
807:
805:
803:
799:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
749:
747:
745:
741:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
719:CF-100 Canuck
717:
716:
714:
712:
708:
702:
699:
698:
696:
692:
686:
683:
682:
680:
678:
677:Airbus Canada
674:
665:
660:
658:
653:
651:
646:
645:
642:
634:
632:0-354-00521-9
628:
624:
619:
615:
613:0-354-00094-2
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
591:0-920002-11-0
587:
583:
578:
574:
570:
565:
564:
552:
547:
540:
535:
528:
525:
519:
517:
509:
504:
500:
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
452:
448:
445:
442:
439:
438:Cruise speed:
436:
435:
434:
432:
424:
420:
417:
414:
410:
406:
403:
400:
397:
394:
391:
388:
387:Empty weight:
385:
382:
380:
376:
373:
370:
367:
364:
361:
358:
355:
352:
350:24 passengers
349:
346:
343:
340:
339:
338:
336:
331:
329:
318:
315:
314:
311:
300:
299:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
272:
269:
258:
257:
251:
249:
248:Gimli Airport
245:
241:
232:
228:
226:
221:
217:
213:
204:
195:
186:
183:
181:
171:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
150:
146:
137:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
101:
97:
93:
89:
84:
82:Primary users
80:
74:
70:
67:
64:
62:
58:
55:
52:
48:
43:
38:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1717:
1712:
1499:50 Freighter
1403:45-80 Sekani
1357:CS2F Tracker
1300:DHC-2 Beaver
1254:Cub Aircraft
1109:T-34A Mentor
1044:JN-4C Canuck
971:Cosmopolitan
854:700/900/1000
744:Bell Textron
734:VZ-9 Avrocar
729:CF-105 Arrow
622:
603:
581:
572:
568:
561:Bibliography
546:
541:, p. 27
534:
526:
510:, p. 26
503:
482:
476:
470:
464:
458:
449:
444:Stall speed:
443:
437:
430:
428:
418:
404:
398:
392:
386:
379:Aspect ratio
377:
371:
365:
359:
353:
347:
341:
334:
332:
327:
326:
239:
238:
229:
224:
215:
209:
192:
184:
177:
144:
142:
116:First flight
108:Manufactured
95:Number built
85:Air Atonobee
61:Manufacturer
18:
1741:Lancastrian
1466:Anson Mk.II
1440:Bolingbroke
1305:DHC-3 Otter
1214:PBV-1 Canso
996:Starfighter
991:Silver Star
944:CL-44 Yukon
939:CL-41 Tutor
934:CL-28 Argus
815:A-213 Totem
711:Avro Canada
551:Taylor 1971
539:Taylor 1975
508:Taylor 1971
431:Performance
419:Propellers:
405:Powerplant:
119:28 May 1969
1789:Categories
1761:Viking Air
1408:F-11 Husky
1049:C-1 Canada
911:Anson Mk.V
842:Bombardier
490:References
413:turboprops
372:Wing area:
39:(May 1970)
1509:80 Canuck
1390:Fairchild
1244:Viking IV
1239:Stranraer
1199:Avro 504N
1162:Vancouver
873:CS100/300
360:Wingspan:
348:Capacity:
328:Data from
254:Operators
235:Aftermath
154:based at
111:1969–1976
1705:Saunders
1616:Norseman
1608:Noorduyn
1598:Lysander
1494:16 Finch
1413:Super 71
1204:Avro 552
1056:Avro 504
921:Canadair
310:Colombia
225:C-FYBM-X
160:Manitoba
149:Canadian
72:Designer
54:Airliner
1695:Rambler
1690:Courier
1674:Prefect
1516:Cornell
1504:60 Fort
1430:Cornell
1267:J-3 Cub
1262:J-2 Cub
1177:Vedette
1167:Vanessa
1079:Hampden
366:Height:
354:Length:
124:Retired
103:History
1664:Siskin
1562:Bo 105
1489:7 Fawn
1330:Dash 8
1325:Dash 7
1172:Varuna
893:Dash 8
863:Global
629:
610:
588:
459:Range:
383:10.3:1
307:
268:Canada
265:
240:C-GCML
1718:ST-28
1713:ST-27
1669:Tutor
1659:Atlas
1539:FBA-2
1534:FBA-1
1526:Found
1476:Fleet
1445:HS-2L
1398:34-42
1234:Delta
1219:HS-3L
1192:Vista
1187:Vigil
1182:Velos
1124:FDB-1
986:Sabre
976:Canso
827:Shark
822:40H-4
757:214ST
495:Notes
411:A-27
342:Crew:
216:ST-28
156:Gimli
127:1980s
1435:FC-2
1375:DA20
1224:FC-2
868:Q400
685:A220
627:ISBN
608:ISBN
586:ISBN
575:(4).
407:2 ×
143:The
50:Type
1061:F5L
888:850
884:600
777:427
772:412
767:407
762:230
752:212
1791::
1425:71
1420:51
573:35
571:.
515:^
158:,
98:12
886:/
882:/
861:/
852:/
663:e
656:t
649:v
635:.
616:.
594:.
453::
381::
344:2
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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