39:
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procedure is to use such hair as efficiently as possible. The right candidates for this type of surgery are individuals who still have healthy hair on the sides and the back of the head in order that hair for the transplant may be harvested from those areas. Different techniques are utilized in order
669:
The 'danger area of the scalp' is the area of loose connective tissue. This is because pus and blood spread easily within it, and can pass into the cranial cavity along the emissary veins. Therefore, infection can spread from the scalp to the meninges, which could lead to meningitis.further studies
527:
The superficial temporal vein descends in front of the tragus, enters the parotid gland, and then joins the maxillary vein to form the retromandibular vein. The anterior part of it unites with the facial vein to form the common facial vein, which drains into jugular vein, and ultimately to the
678:
The clinically important layer is the aponeurosis. Scalp lacerations through this layer mean that the "anchoring" of the superficial layers is lost and gaping of the wound occurs which would require suturing. This can be achieved with simple or vertical mattress sutures using a non-absorbable
655:
Lymphatic channels from the posterior half of the scalp drain to occipital and posterior auricular nodes. Lymphatic channels from the anterior half drain to the parotid nodes. The lymph eventually reaches the submandibular and deep cervical nodes.
523:
The veins of the scalp accompany the arteries and thus have similar names, e.g. Supratrochlear and supraorbital veins, which unite at the medial angle of the eye, and form the angular vein, which further continues as the facial vein.
703:, although less advanced. A knife with multiple blades is used to remove tissue from donor areas. The removed tissue is then fragmented into smaller chunks under direct vision inspection (i.e., without a microscope).
516:
Because the walls of the blood vessels are firmly attached to the fibrous tissue of the superficial fascial layer, cut ends of vessels here do not readily retract; even a small scalp wound may bleed profusely.
445:
of the skull bones, a membrane that provides nutrition to the bone and the capacity for repair. During surgery it can be lifted from the bone to allow the removal of windows of bone (
399:. This layer has a gel-like consistency, and allows the more superficial layers of the scalp to shift about in relation to the pericranium. It is constituted of more
430:
the scalp is also torn off through this layer. The layer is sometimes referred to as the "danger zone" because infectious agents can easily spread through it to
269:
484:
to the lateral forehead and scalp as far up as the vertex. The supraorbital artery is a branch of the ophthalmic branch of the internal carotid artery.
384:. The epicranial aponeurosis or galea aponeurotica is a tough layer of dense fibrous tissue which anchors the above layers in place. It runs from the
539:
Innervation is the connection of nerves to the scalp: the sensory and motor nerves innervating the scalp. The scalp is innervated by the following:
926:
68:
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grows. It is made up of skin, layers of connective and fibrous tissues, and the membrane of the skull. Anatomically, the scalp is part of the
848:. Often associated with the history of North America, scalping developed independently on multiple continents and dates back to antiquity.
822:, or male pattern hair loss, is a common cause of concern to men. It may be treated with varying rates success by medication (e.g.
919:
699:
The most utilized technique is the one known as micro grafting because it produces naturalistic results. It is akin to
510:, a branch of the external carotid artery, ascends behind the auricle to supply the scalp above and behind the auricle.
477:
to the midline forehead. The supratrochlear artery is a branch of the ophthalmic branch of the internal carotid artery.
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There are other veins, like the emissary vein and frontal diploic vein, which also contribute to the venous drainage.
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to obtain the desired cosmetic results; factors considered may include hair color, texture, curliness, etc.
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this layer provides an easy plane of separation between the upper three layers and the pericranium. In
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and fibrous tissue that lies beneath the skin, containing the nerves and vessels of the scalp.
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884: – Histology Learning System at Boston University - "Integument: scalp, transverse"
350:
The scalp is usually described as having five layers, which can be remembered using the
16:
Anatomical area bordered by the face at the front, and by the neck at the sides and back
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830:) or hair transplantation. If the scalp is heavy and loose, a common change with
755:– a common problem caused by excessive shedding of dead skin cells from the scalp
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890: – Histology Learning System at Boston University - "Integument: scalp"
600:
The innervation of scalp can be remembered using the mnemonic 'Z-GLASS' for
528:
subclavian vein. The occipital vein terminates to the sub-occipital plexus.
458:
The blood supply of the scalp is via five pairs of arteries, three from the
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which runs posteriorly to supply much of the posterior aspect of the scalp
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at the sides and back. The scientific study of hair and scalp is called
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The scalp is a common site for the development of tumours including:
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gives off frontal and parietal branches to supply much of the scalp
427:
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http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/figures/chapter_47/47-1.HTM
670:
are needed to conclude that it’s actually a “danger zone” though.
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techniques utilize the patient's existing hair. The aim of the
143:
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at The
Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
844:
is the act of removing a human scalp, usually with hair, as a
679:
material, which are subsequently removed at around days 7–10.
631:
muscle, is split into two main factions: the frontal belly or
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784:– a form of seborrhoeic dermatitis which occurs in newborns
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834:, the forehead may be low, heavy and deeply lined. The
778:– a skin disorder causing scaly, flaky, itchy, red skin
627:
The motor innervation of the scalp, specifically, the
129:Illustration depicting the layers of the scalp and
1356:
60:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
860:– surgery to correct scalp defects of injuries
920:
796:- ringworm of the scalp, and its severe form
934:
927:
913:
866:– surgery to reduce the size of bald spots
838:procedure aims to address these concerns.
645:posterior auricular branch of facial nerve
362:. The skin of the scalp contains numerous
305:, a collection of structures covering the
123:
111:
814:The scalp plays an important role in the
91:Learn how and when to remove this message
659:
336:
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341:Illustration of the scalp and meninges
908:
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32:
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13:
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563:(C2) posteriorly up to the vertex
373:. A dense subcutaneous layer of
37:
805:– a rare deformity of the scalp
639:, while the occipital belly or
637:temporal branch of facial nerve
534:
453:
397:Loose areolar connective tissue
309:. The scalp is bordered by the
297:is the area of the head where
1:
870:
583:supplying the hairless temple
333:Diagrammatic section of scalp
664:
441:P: Pericranium. This is the
324:
7:
851:
494:superficial temporal artery
10:
1386:
706:
701:follicular unit extraction
508:posterior auricular artery
25:
18:
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888:Histology image: 08801ooa
882:Histology image: 08601ooa
673:
620:upratrochlear nerve, and
604:ygomaticotemporal nerve,
403:than fibers. It contains
345:
313:at the front, and by the
275:
263:
251:
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790:– burning scalp syndrome
772:– obsessive hair pulling
766:– obsessive skin picking
608:reater occipital nerve,
573:Zygomaticotemporal nerve
46:This article includes a
741:Squamous cell carcinoma
616:uriculotemporal nerve,
612:esser occipital nerve,
561:Greater occipital nerve
75:more precise citations.
936:Human regional anatomy
776:Seborrhoeic dermatitis
587:Auriculotemporal nerve
567:Lesser occipital nerve
342:
334:
277:Anatomical terminology
28:anatomical terminology
21:Scalp (disambiguation)
803:Cutis verticis gyrata
759:Head lice infestation
731:Merkel-cell carcinoma
660:Clinical significance
475:supratrochlear artery
434:which drain into the
366:and sebaceous glands.
340:
332:
858:Scalp reconstruction
764:Excoriation disorder
721:Basal-cell carcinoma
689:hair transplantation
683:Hair transplantation
544:Supratrochlear nerve
420:craniofacial surgery
173:Superficial temporal
157:superficial temporal
19:For other uses, see
820:Androgenic alopecia
810:Society and culture
643:is supplied by the
635:is supplied by the
624:upraorbital nerve.
591:mandibular division
569:(C2) behind the ear
552:ophthalmic division
482:supraorbital artery
177:posterior auricular
651:Lymphatic drainage
577:maxillary division
548:supraorbital nerve
416:glycosaminoglycans
388:anteriorly to the
343:
335:
209:zygomaticotemporal
48:list of references
26:This article uses
1370:Medical mnemonics
1352:
1351:
1348:
1347:
716:Actinic keratosis
629:occipitofrontalis
489:external carotid
470:internal carotid
462:and two from the
371:Connective tissue
291:
290:
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201:greater occipital
101:
100:
93:
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1196:
1195:
1127:Vertebral column
929:
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915:
906:
905:
770:Trichotillomania
747:Scalp conditions
687:All the current
633:frontalis muscle
595:trigeminal nerve
581:trigeminal nerve
556:trigeminal nerve
501:occipital artery
464:internal carotid
460:external carotid
413:
386:frontalis muscle
283:edit on Wikidata
280:
213:auriculotemporal
205:lesser occipital
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71:this article by
62:inline citations
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864:Scalp reduction
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726:Epidermoid cyst
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521:Venous drainage
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81:February 2024
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49:
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35:
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29:
22:
1076:Adam's apple
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686:
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621:
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538:
535:Nerve supply
530:
526:
520:
519:
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457:
454:Blood supply
424:neurosurgery
411:collagen III
392:posteriorly.
349:
294:
292:
245:
197:supraorbital
153:supraorbital
87:
78:
67:Please help
59:
824:finasteride
788:Trichodynia
641:occipitalis
418:(GAGs). In
390:occipitalis
382:Aponeurosis
235:Identifiers
73:introducing
1359:Categories
1243:Fingernail
871:References
816:aesthetics
782:Cradle cap
736:Pilar cyst
447:craniotomy
443:periosteum
407:collagen I
319:trichology
303:epicranium
1159:Genitalia
836:brow lift
828:minoxidil
665:Infection
589:from the
575:from the
550:from the
409:bundles,
354:'SCALP':
325:Structure
299:head hair
225:Occipital
181:occipital
161:occipital
1288:Buttocks
1208:Shoulder
1043:Mandible
976:Forehead
852:See also
842:Scalping
753:Dandruff
693:surgical
546:and the
428:scalping
352:mnemonic
131:meninges
1333:Toenail
1223:Forearm
1169:Scrotum
1115:Midriff
1105:Abdomen
1098:(Trunk)
1048:Occiput
991:Eyebrow
894:lesson1
707:Disease
593:of the
579:of the
554:of the
436:cranium
405:random
307:cranium
258:D012535
246:scalpus
229:mastoid
138:Details
69:improve
1268:Little
1258:Middle
1238:Finger
1213:Axilla
1154:Pelvis
1147:Nipple
1142:Breast
1137:Thorax
1081:Throat
1058:Temple
1021:Tongue
1001:Eyelid
846:trophy
832:ageing
674:Injury
401:matrix
346:Layers
144:Artery
1365:Scalp
1318:Ankle
1298:Thigh
1253:Index
1248:Thumb
1228:Wrist
1218:Elbow
1191:Limbs
1174:Vulva
1164:Penis
1120:Navel
1110:Waist
1096:Torso
1053:Scalp
1026:Tooth
1011:Mouth
981:Cheek
798:Favus
295:scalp
281:[
270:46494
241:Latin
220:Lymph
188:Nerve
117:Scalp
106:Scalp
54:, or
1338:Sole
1323:Heel
1313:Foot
1308:Calf
1303:Knee
1263:Ring
1233:Hand
1181:Anus
1132:Back
1086:Nape
1068:Neck
1006:Nose
986:Chin
971:Face
966:Hair
958:Head
950:Skin
944:Body
506:the
499:the
492:the
480:the
473:the
422:and
360:Skin
315:neck
311:face
293:The
253:MeSH
168:Vein
1328:Toe
1293:Hip
1280:Leg
1200:Arm
1038:Jaw
1033:Ear
1016:Lip
996:Eye
395:L:
380:A:
375:fat
369:C:
358:S:
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