672:
facing the vein wall, are arranged transversely. On the leaflet surfaces that open to let the blood flow, the cells are arranged longitudinally in the direction of the flow. The leaflets are attached to the venous wall at their convex edges. Their margins are concave and are directed with the flow lying against the wall. As the valve forms, the vein wall where the leaflets attach, becomes dilated on each side. These widenings form the pockets, hollow cup-shaped regions, on the cardial side, known as the valvular sinuses. The endothelial cells in the sinuses are able to stretch twice as much as those in areas without valves. When the blood tries to reverse its direction (due to low venous pressure and the pull of gravity), the sinuses fill first closing the leaflets and keeping them together. Approximately 95% of the venous valves are in the small veins of less than 300 micrometres.
428:
1753:
365:
758:
498:
1069:
380:
36:
645:
279:
656:
424:. This characteristic also allows for the accommodation of pressure changes in the system. The whole of the venous system, bar the post-capillary venules is a large volume, low pressure system. The venous system is often asymmetric, and whilst the main veins hold a relatively constant position, unlike arteries, the precise location of veins varies among individuals.
1800:
the body. This is a conceptual leap that was quite different from Ibn al-Nafis' refinement of the anatomy and bloodflow in the heart and lungs." This work, with its essentially correct exposition, slowly convinced the medical world. However, Harvey was not able to identify the capillary system connecting arteries and veins; these were later discovered by
601:. Superficial veins are those closer to the surface of the body, and have no corresponding arteries. Deep veins are deeper in the body and have corresponding arteries. Perforator veins drain from the superficial to the deep veins. These are usually referred to in the lower limbs and feet. Superficial veins include the very small
1749:
and originated in the heart. Blood flowed from both creating organs to all parts of the body where it was consumed and there was no return of blood to the heart or liver. The heart did not pump blood around, the heart's motion sucked blood in during diastole and the blood moved by the pulsation of the arteries themselves.
703:. There are sometimes two valves in the same tract. In the femoral vein there are often three valves, the most constantly found valve is just below the joining of the deep femoral vein. The deep femoral vein and its perforators have valves. In the popliteal veins there are between one and three valves; in each
1799:
in 1628, which "demonstrated that there had to be a direct connection between the venous and arterial systems throughout the body, and not just the lungs. Most importantly, he argued that the beat of the heart produced a continuous circulation of blood through minute connections at the extremities of
1767:
Galen believed that the arterial blood was created by venous blood passing from the left ventricle to the right by passing through 'pores' in the interventricular septum, air passed from the lungs via the pulmonary artery to the left side of the heart. As the arterial blood was created 'sooty' vapors
1748:
knew that blood vessels carried blood and identified venous (dark red) and arterial (brighter and thinner) blood, each with distinct and separate functions. Growth and energy were derived from venous blood created in the liver from chyle, while arterial blood gave vitality by containing pneuma (air)
1387:
DVT usually occurs in the veins of the legs, although it can also occur in the deep veins of the arms. Immobility, active cancer, obesity, traumatic damage and congenital disorders that make clots more likely are all risk factors for deep vein thrombosis. It can cause the affected limb to swell, and
733:
that contract and compress the veins. A skeletal muscle is confined in its fascia and contraction of the muscle which makes it wider results In compression on the vein that pushes the blood forward. Valves in the perforating veins close when a calf muscle contracts, to prevent backflow from the deep
671:
A venous valve is bicuspid (having two leaflets) and is formed by an infolding of part of the tunica intima on either side of the lumen of the veins. The leaflets are strengthened with collagen, and elastic fibres, and covered with endothelium. The endothelial cells on the surfaces of the leaflets
403:
that return blood to the heart. In the systemic circulation the return is of deoxygenated blood from the organs and tissues of the body, and in the pulmonary circulation the pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. Almost 70% of the blood in the body is in the veins, and
1023:
that supplies around a hundred capillaries. At their junctions are precapillary sphincters that tightly regulate the flow of blood into the capillary bed. When all of the sphincters are closed blood can flow from a metarteriole into a thoroughfare channel and into a collecting venule bypassing the
1109:
The inner tunica intima is a lining of endothelium comprising a single layer of extremely flattened epithelial cells, supported by delicate connective tissue. This subendothelium is a thin but variable connective tissue. The tunica intima has the most variation in blood vessels, in terms of their
1247:
can also cause fainting. In these cases, the smooth muscles surrounding the veins become slack and the veins fill with the majority of the blood in the body, keeping blood away from the brain and causing unconsciousness. Jet pilots wear pressurized suits to help maintain their venous return and
1732:
observed that arteries that were cut during life bleed. He ascribed the fact to the phenomenon that air escaping from an artery is replaced with blood that entered by very small vessels between veins and arteries. Thus he apparently postulated capillaries but with reversed flow of blood.
446:, and more muscular venules, to small veins, medium veins, and large veins. The thickness of the walls of the veins varies as to their location â in the legs the vein walls are much thicker than those in the arms. In the circulatory system, blood first enters the venous system from
1419:
SVT is the development of a thrombus in a superficial vein. SVT is not normally clinically significant, but the thrombus can migrate into the deep venous system where it can also give rise to a pulmonary embolism. The main risk factor for SVT in the lower limbs is varicose veins.
1204:
in the pulmonary veins, to be pumped back into the systemic circulation to complete the cycle. Veins have thinner walls than arteries, and a wider diameter that allow them to expand and hold a greater volume of blood. This gives them a functional role of
1783:
in Arabic) between the pulmonary artery and vein," a prediction that preceded the discovery of the capillary system by more than 400 years. Ibn al-Nafis' theory, however, was confined to blood transit in the lungs and did not extend to the entire body.
829:. The anatomy of the veins of the heart is very variable, but generally it is formed by the following veins: heart veins that go into the coronary sinus: the great cardiac vein, the middle cardiac vein, the small cardiac vein, the posterior vein of the
1177:
In the middle of the fourth week the heart begins to beat and the circulation of blood begins. The primitive outflow tract is of three pairs of aortic arches. The inflow tract is formed of six paired veins, the vitelline veins,
780:
There are some separate parallel systemic circulatory routes that supply specific regions, and organs. They include the coronary circulation, the cerebral circulation, the bronchial circulation, and the renal circulation.
734:
veins to the superficial. There are more valves in the lower leg, due to increased gravitational pull, with the number decreasing as the veins travel to the hip. There are no valves in the veins of the thorax or abdomen.
663:
Blood flows back to the heart in the systemic deep veins, with the flow of blood maintained by one-way valves in the deep veins, superficial veins, and in the perforator veins. The venous valves serve to prevent
258:. At any time, nearly 70% of the total volume of blood in the human body is in the veins. In medium and large sized veins the flow of blood is maintained by one-way (unidirectional) venous valves to prevent
869:
and empties into the left atrium; since this blood never went through a capillary bed it was never oxygenated and so provides a small amount of shunted deoxygenated blood into the systemic circulation.
1579:
are the type of vascular malformation that involves the veins. They can often extend deeper from their surface appearance, reaching underlying muscle or bone. In the neck they may extend into the
3995:
Shoja, M. M.; Tubbs, R. S.; Loukas, M.; Khalili, M.; Alakbarli, F.; Cohen-Gadol, A. A. (2009). "Vasovagal syncope in the Canon of
Avicenna: The first mention of carotid artery hypersensitivity".
890:, which have walls composed of dura mater as opposed to a traditional vein. The dural sinuses are therefore located on the surface of the cerebrum. The most prominent of these sinuses is the
3446:
1011:
serves to transfer heat in the fingers and toes. The small connection is surrounded by a capsule of thickened connective tissue. In the hands and feet there are a great number of glomera.
1231:, and by the thoracic pump action of breathing during respiration. Standing or sitting for a prolonged period of time can cause low venous return from venous pooling (vascular) shock.
469:
lie close to a single vein that drains the same region. Other arteries are often accompanied by a pair of veins held in a connective tissue sheath. The accompanying veins are known as
6705:
1150:
and the embryo. The yolk sac is the first extraembryonic structure to appear. This circulation is critical in allowing the exchange of nutrients, prior to the full development of the
1076:
The three layers of the vein wall are the outer tunica externa, the middle tunica media and the inner tunica intima. There are also numerous valves present in many of the veins.
3739:
Miyake RK, et al. (2006). "Vein imaging: a new method of near infrared imaging, where a processed image is projected onto the skin for the enhancement of vein treatment".
1209:
that makes possible the accommodation of different pressures in the system. The venous system apart from the post-capillary venules is a high volume, low pressure system.
7067:
6698:
1575:
the mass is soft, and easily compressed, and their coloring is due to the dilated anomalous involved veins. They are most commonly found in the head and neck.
137:
729:
The valves also divide the column of blood into segments which helps move the blood unidirectionally to the heart. Their action is supported by the action of
726:
is located just below the openings of the tributaries to prevent reflux form these into the GSV. Incompetence of the GSV is a common cause of varicose veins.
625:, runs through the inner vertebral column connecting the thoracic and pelvic veins. These veins are noted for being valveless, believed to be the reason for
837:(oblique vein of Marshall). Heart veins that go directly to the right atrium: the anterior cardiac veins, and the smallest cardiac veins (Thebesian veins).
6071:
985:. This connection which is highly muscular, enables venous blood to travel directly from an artery into a vein without having passed from a capillary bed.
1274:
is a major independent risk factor for venous disorders. The medical speciality involved with the diagnosis and treatment of venous disorders is known as
3926:
2004:
Maton, Anthea; Jean
Hopkins; Charles William McLaughlin; Alexandra Senckowski; Susan Johnson; Maryanna Quon Warner; David LaHart; Jill D. Wright (1993).
925:
The deep venous drainage is primarily composed of traditional veins inside the deep structures of the brain, which join behind the midbrain to form the
4070:
7827:
7592:
6691:
1162:, and they lengthen and interconnect to form an extensive primitive vascular network. Blood is supplied from the primitive aorta, and drained by
718:(GSV); two to six below the knee and one to four in the marginal veins of the foot. There is a valve at the termination of the GSV known as the
3113:
3074:
3032:
2836:
2504:
2180:
1019:
A vascular shunt can also bypass the capillary bed and provide a route for blood supply directly to a collecting venule. This is achieved by a
7060:
113:
109:
5681:
1795:(who had earlier described the valves of the veins without recognizing their function), performed a sequence of experiments, and published
2556:
4895:
2938:
Tousoulis D, Kampoli AM, Tentolouris C, Papageorgiou N, Stefanadis C (January 2012). "The role of nitric oxide on endothelial function".
5468:
1388:
cause pain and an overlying skin rash. In the worst case, a deep vein thrombosis can extend, or a part of a clot can break off as an
2034:
7053:
6064:
541:
The small veins merge to feed as tributaries into medium-sized veins. The medium veins feed into the large veins which include the
290:. The smallest veins are the post-capillary venules. Veins have a similar three-layered structure to arteries. The layers known as
485:
due to the pulsations in the artery. It also allows for the promotion of heat transfer from the larger arteries to the veins in a
668:(backflow) due to the low pressure of veins, and the pull of gravity. They also serve to prevent the over-widening of the vein.
404:
almost 75% of this blood is in the small veins and venules. All of the systemic veins are tributaries of the largest veins, the
4063:
332:
Veins close to the surface of the skin appear blue for a variety of reasons. The factors that contribute to this alteration of
533:
when they reach a diameter of 50 ÎŒm, and can reach a diameter of 1 mm. These larger venules feed into small veins.
7820:
7585:
5240:
3978:
2362:
2017:
749:. This valve is an embryological remnant and is insignificant in the adult. However, when persistent it can cause problems.
7930:
6766:
5245:
886:
the venous drainage can be separated into two subdivisions: superficial and deep. The superficial system is composed of
6057:
993:
250:
than arteries. Because of their thinner walls and wider lumens they are able to expand and hold more blood. This greater
3176:
MolnĂĄr AĂ, NĂĄdasy GL, Dörnyei G, Patai BB, Delfavero J, FĂŒlöp GĂ, Kirkpatrick AC, UngvĂĄri Z, Merkely B (December 2021).
1403:
The decision to treat deep vein thrombosis depends on its size, symptoms, and their risk factors. It generally involves
8014:
7005:
7000:
2891:"Mechanisms of Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction and the Basis for Pharmacologic Treatment of Smooth Muscle Disorders"
1408:
1239:
such that angiotensin II and norepinephrine stimulate vasoconstriction and heart rate increases to return blood flow.
1114:
a soluble gas, to the cells of the adjacent smooth muscle layer. This constant synthesis is carried out by the enzyme
4056:
3097:
3058:
3016:
2820:
2488:
2269:
2164:
1949:
898:, where the superficial drainage joins with the sinus that primarily drains the deep venous system. From here, two
7960:
7813:
7703:
7578:
6229:
5674:
5395:
5012:
322:. The tunica media in the veins is much thinner than that in the arteries as the veins are not subject to the high
3704:
Garcia R, Labropoulos N (April 2018). "Duplex
Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Acute and Chronic Venous Diseases".
1411:
is a method used to improve venous circulation in cases of edema or in those at risk from a deep vein thrombosis.
6771:
6040:
5027:
4888:
3569:
Chen, RJ; Vrazas, JI; Penington, AJ (January 2021). "Surgical
Management of Intramuscular Venous Malformations".
1257:
1200:. From here it passes to the pulmonary arteries for the pulmonary circulation to return oxygen-rich blood to the
834:
477:, and they run on either side of the artery. When an associated nerve is also enclosed, the sheath is known as a
349:
224:
carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, and veins return deoxygenated blood to the heart, in the deep veins.
7950:
7715:
5346:
3912:
7698:
5158:
4564:
4542:
894:
which flows in the sagittal plane under the midline of the cerebral vault, posteriorly and inferiorly to the
132:
5876:
1724:(born 335 BC) distinguished veins from arteries, noting the thicker walls of arteries, but thought that the
7323:
6285:
5463:
5383:
5088:
4091:
1492:
1304:
Venous insufficiency is the most common disorder of the venous system, and is usually manifested as either
1299:
326:
pressures that the arteries are. There are valves present in many veins that maintain unidirectional flow.
6955:
5667:
5478:
5473:
5200:
5190:
3526:
Chim, H; Drolet, B; Duffy, K; Koshima, I; Gosain, AK (August 2010). "Vascular anomalies and lymphedema".
2528:
1850:"Number and location of venous valves within the popliteal and femoral veins: a review of the literature"
1544:
1376:
1313:
1196:
In the systemic circulation, veins serve to return oxygen-depleted blood from organs, and tissues to the
1139:
794:
742:
665:
259:
1683:
that films subcutaneous veins, and projects their image either onto a screen or onto the person's skin.
1460:) or compression from tumors or tuberculosis lesions. When the pressure increases in the portal vein, a
7397:
6858:
6635:
6215:
5579:
5230:
5205:
5022:
4951:
4881:
4792:
4042:
2850:
2095:"Potential involvement of the extracranial venous system in central nervous system disorders and aging"
989:
1244:
294:
have a concentric arrangement that forms the wall of the vessel. The outer layer, is a thick layer of
7926:
7488:
7483:
7319:
6960:
6941:
6918:
6868:
6324:
6319:
6280:
6245:
6239:
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6125:
5604:
5547:
5195:
5148:
4998:
4961:
4752:
1680:
982:
962:
633:
420:) enable them to hold a greater volume of blood, and this greater capacitance gives them the term of
336:
are related to the light-scattering properties of the skin and the processing of visual input by the
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7475:
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7443:
7392:
6875:
6863:
6425:
6398:
6148:
6130:
5589:
5402:
5356:
5351:
5175:
5153:
4760:
1524:
1508:
1457:
561:
carries blood from the arms, head, and chest to the right atrium of the heart, and from below, the
92:
3225:
865:, and ultimately the right atrium. Venous blood from the bronchi inside the lungs drains into the
525:. Post-capillary venules are too small to have a smooth muscle layer and are instead supported by
7955:
7921:
7788:
7783:
7708:
7661:
7363:
7349:
7328:
7314:
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6585:
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6465:
6460:
6362:
6352:
6270:
6234:
6224:
6023:
5986:
5777:
5765:
5644:
5626:
5108:
5103:
5067:
5037:
1823:
1818:
1696:
1629:
1620:, to obtain blood for analysis, or to provide an access point for blood-based treatments such as
978:
930:
926:
891:
696:
486:
569:
to the right atrium. The inferior vena cava is the larger of the two. The inferior vena cava is
7332:
7282:
7257:
7150:
7124:
7017:
6901:
6853:
6799:
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6656:
6482:
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5772:
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5425:
5361:
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4591:
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2003:
1813:
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1712:
1656:
1588:
1461:
1437:
1335:
1321:
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1099:
818:
814:
714:
In the superficial veins there are between one and seven valves along the thigh portion of the
144:
120:
104:
1507:
Some disorders as syndromes result from compression of a vein. These include a venous type of
7980:
7895:
7420:
7359:
7354:
7339:
7309:
7297:
7140:
7102:
7022:
6969:
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6911:
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6436:
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5923:
5621:
5366:
5225:
5217:
5185:
5072:
4493:
2757:
Cai Q, Ahmad M (June 2020). "Eustachian valve, interatrial shunt, and paradoxical embolism".
1700:
1659:, is the most usual and widely used way of viewing veins in the diagnosis of venous disease.
1568:
1143:
1001:
992:. These are usually congenital and the connections are made from a tangle of capillaries. A
958:
938:
895:
846:
704:
570:
542:
436:
400:
306:; this layer is absent in the post-capillary venules. The middle layer, consists of bands of
205:
20:
1224:
vessels whose ultra-thin walls allow the ready diffusion of molecules from the capillaries.
1110:
wall thickness and relative size of their lumen. The endothelial cells continuously produce
1083:
is a sheath of thick connective tissue. This layer is absent in the post-capillary venules.
231:, and the smallest the post-capillary venules are microscopic that make up the veins of the
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7916:
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7458:
7370:
7262:
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6527:
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6105:
5535:
5530:
5334:
5126:
4722:
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2049:
1792:
1691:
Some imaging techniques using veins have been developed for identification purposes. These
1617:
1572:
1368:
1351:
1339:
1290:
and endovascular surgeries carried out by vascular surgeons to treat many venous diseases.
1228:
1045:
1041:
950:
887:
879:
790:
730:
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708:
622:
478:
396:
371:
263:
217:
977:
is a joining of two structures such as blood vessels. In the circulation these are called
8:
7965:
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7384:
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7029:
6803:
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4240:
2732:
1633:
1613:
1576:
1516:
1445:
1155:
1087:
806:
676:
632:
A subcutaneous venous plexus is continuous, and a high rate of flow is supplied by small
521:. Their endothelium is made up of flattened oval or polygon shaped cells surrounded by a
3801:
2073:
2053:
2033:
Kienle A, Lilge L, Vitkin IA, Patterson MS, Wilson BC, Hibst R, Steiner R (March 1996).
7550:
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2660:
2636:"In silico analyses of blood flow and oxygen transport in human micro-veins and valves"
2635:
2611:
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562:
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427:
409:
405:
386:
267:
251:
201:
189:
68:
1495:, and unlike deep vein thrombosis there is little risk of the clot breaking off as an
821:. Cardiac veins carry blood with a poor level of oxygen, from the heart muscle to the
7861:
7541:
7518:
7503:
7208:
7198:
6951:
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2920:
2816:
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2714:
2665:
2616:
2557:"20.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels - Anatomy and Physiology 2e | OpenStax"
2484:
2458:
2409:
2358:
2335:
2265:
2160:
2126:
2065:
2013:
2006:
1928:
1879:
1865:
1801:
1676:
1612:
is any method used to access the bloodstream through the veins, either to administer
1356:
684:
621:
where veins are grouped or sometimes combined in networks at certain body sites. The
458:
333:
295:
243:
209:
41:
4030:
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1240:
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470:
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291:
232:
227:
There are three sizes of veins: large, medium, and small. Smaller veins are called
213:
167:
7045:
2889:
Brozovich FV, Nicholson CJ, Degen CV, Gao YZ, Aggarwal M, Morgan KG (April 2016).
2793:
1768:
were created and passed to the lungs also via the pulmonary artery to be exhaled.
902:
bifurcate and travel laterally and inferiorly in an S-shaped curve that forms the
286:
There are three sizes of vein, large, medium, and small. Smaller veins are called
266:, also known as venous pumps that exert pressure on intramuscular veins when they
7463:
7287:
7252:
7181:
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6946:
6885:
6568:
6418:
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5717:
5513:
5508:
5420:
5143:
5098:
4978:
4837:
4785:
4737:
4658:
4255:
4083:
4008:
3582:
3539:
1621:
1532:
1512:
1404:
1266:
or insufficiency of the valves, or both of these. Other conditions may be due to
1179:
1171:
1163:
1115:
1049:
903:
850:
598:
574:
497:
417:
416:
of the heart. The thin walls of the veins, and their greater internal diameters (
247:
97:
2974:
1068:
8009:
7866:
7763:
7513:
7155:
7107:
6880:
6824:
6748:
6623:
6615:
6470:
6357:
6206:
5998:
5941:
5815:
5734:
5562:
5412:
5275:
5235:
5170:
5131:
5042:
4714:
4604:
4448:
4426:
4399:
4245:
4100:
3193:
2951:
2380:"Portal vein variations in 1000 patients: surgical and radiological importance"
1788:
1757:
1668:
1584:
1560:
1317:
1309:
1305:
1214:
1159:
1103:
1037:
934:
866:
830:
826:
688:
649:
554:
462:
454:
299:
4036:
3717:
3312:
2602:
2427:
Radhakrishnan N, George D, Jayakrishnan R, Sumi S, Kartha CC (December 2018).
553:
that carry the blood directly into the heart. The venae cavae enter the right
364:
8003:
7885:
7656:
7624:
7493:
7304:
7145:
6890:
6553:
6444:
6290:
6193:
6049:
6018:
6008:
5976:
5820:
5795:
5430:
5093:
4857:
4697:
4552:
4522:
4510:
4497:
4481:
4235:
4170:
3741:
3178:"The aging venous system: from varicosities to vascular cognitive impairment"
2587:"Flow control in our vessels: vascular valves make sure there is no way back"
2111:
1692:
1609:
1325:
1166:
from the yolk sac to the embryo. By the end of the third week the yolk sac,
1091:
954:
762:
692:
618:
482:
447:
337:
319:
307:
239:
125:
45:
5257:
2320:
40:
Structure of a vein, which consists of three main layers; an outer layer of
7856:
7753:
7673:
7430:
7292:
7193:
7177:
7172:
7012:
6668:
6522:
6512:
6295:
6003:
5993:
5760:
5755:
5727:
5571:
5483:
5298:
4988:
4931:
4842:
4165:
4113:
4048:
4016:
3890:
3829:
3762:
3725:
3690:
3633:
3590:
3547:
3507:
3489:
3431:
3374:
3330:
3273:
3211:
3162:
2986:
2959:
2924:
2778:
2718:
2669:
2620:
2462:
2444:
2413:
2339:
2130:
2069:
1932:
1883:
1772:
1729:
1604:
1480:
1453:
1283:
1267:
1127:
1111:
1020:
911:
907:
862:
854:
822:
798:
738:
680:
602:
522:
311:
185:
63:
6034:
3657:"Ultrasonography of the lower extremity veins: anatomy and basic approach"
3295:
Heil, J; Miesbach, W; Vogl, T; Bechstein, WO; Reinisch, A (7 April 2017).
2906:
2700:
2302:
Baliyan V, Tajmir S, Hedgire SS, Ganguli S, Prabhakar AM (December 2016).
1779:
circulation. He stated that "there must be small communications or pores (
1491:. When the affected vein is a superficial vein in the leg, it is known as
7805:
7758:
7570:
7536:
7498:
7415:
7093:
6933:
6500:
6197:
5981:
5966:
5929:
5914:
5910:
5636:
5032:
4770:
4619:
4599:
4414:
4409:
4349:
2395:
2061:
1899:"Microcirculation: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Application"
1641:
1580:
1429:
1235:
can occur but usually baroreceptors within the aortic sinuses initiate a
1197:
1123:
1008:
974:
550:
506:
432:
413:
329:
Unlike arteries, the precise location of veins varies among individuals.
315:
49:
5945:
5882:
7167:
6275:
6084:
5552:
5542:
5503:
5447:
5440:
5270:
4678:
4547:
4517:
4466:
4371:
4079:
3672:
2937:
2770:
1721:
1660:
1637:
1528:
1520:
1275:
1236:
1201:
1119:
737:
There is a valve at the junction of the inferior vena cava (one of the
626:
546:
514:
505:
The first entry of venous blood is from the convergence of two or more
340:, rather than the actual colour of the venous blood which is dark red.
3810:
3365:
3348:
2651:
1914:
981:, one of which is the join between an artery with a vein known as an
937:
which then joins the superficial venous system mentioned above at the
7877:
7840:
5958:
5898:
5894:
5805:
5744:
5722:
5659:
5306:
5047:
4983:
4939:
4922:
4917:
4641:
4436:
4217:
3857:"Ibn al-Nafis, the pulmonary circulation, and the Islamic Golden Age"
1776:
1625:
1564:
1476:
1449:
1364:
1072:
Diagram of different sized veins with differing component proportions
644:
606:
590:
4175:
2357:(32nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier. p. 2042.
1154:. By day 17 vessels begin to form in the yolk sac, arising from the
5520:
5122:
5059:
4993:
4944:
4817:
4780:
4775:
4702:
4574:
4155:
4140:
4118:
3612:
Markovic, JN; Shortell, CK (October 2021). "Venous malformations".
2426:
1664:
1484:
1360:
1263:
1232:
1151:
1147:
1095:
1000:. An irregular connection between an artery and a vein is known as
997:
883:
858:
526:
379:
35:
1591:. A severe venous malformation can involve the lymph vessels as a
1227:
The return of blood to the heart is assisted by the action of the
1213:
control the size of the vein lumens, and thereby help to regulate
1102:
control the size of the vein lumens, and thereby help to regulate
278:
150:
7080:
4847:
4765:
4742:
4646:
4636:
4631:
4569:
4505:
4210:
4160:
4135:
1950:"Classification & Structure of Blood Vessels | SEER Training"
1496:
1389:
566:
323:
3445:
Nickloes TA, Lopez Rowe V, Kallab AM, Dunlap AB (8 March 2022).
1452:
of the liver. Other causes can include an obstructing clot in a
797:(or coronary veins) that remove the deoxygenated blood from the
636:. The high rate of flow ensures heat transfer to the vein wall.
204:
from the tissues back to the heart; exceptions are those of the
7084:
6730:
6718:
5902:
5890:
5825:
5709:
5690:
4913:
4802:
4797:
4732:
4727:
4673:
4609:
4557:
4476:
4366:
4354:
4309:
4268:
4263:
4205:
4130:
1797:
Exercitatio
Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus
1762:
Exercitatio
Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus
1540:
1271:
774:
655:
530:
510:
443:
287:
228:
221:
3444:
513:. Post-capillary venules have a diameter of between 10 and 30
7848:
5886:
5848:
5835:
4812:
4807:
4692:
4419:
4326:
4227:
4185:
4124:
1775:
had an insight into what would become a larger theory of the
1745:
1725:
1672:
1441:
1329:
825:. Most of the blood of the cardiac veins returns through the
770:
197:
193:
80:
6713:
2973:
Donovan, Mary F.; Arbor, Tafline C.; Bordoni, Bruno (2023).
695:. In the common femoral vein one valve is located above the
7942:
6088:
5937:
4579:
4190:
4108:
3786:"A Simple and Efficient Method for Finger Vein Recognition"
2429:"Vein Size and Disease Severity in Chronic Venous Diseases"
2301:
1737:
1057:
1053:
1036:
directly connects two parts of the same system such as the
766:
481:. This close proximity of the artery to the veins helps in
173:
2888:
2032:
1628:. Access is most commonly achieved via the placement of a
953:
is a series of veins or venules that directly connect two
7605:
4614:
4431:
4195:
3971:
Gray's
Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice
3395:
3294:
2264:(3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 570â571.
2035:"Why do veins appear blue? A new look at an old question"
1158:
of the yolk sac wall. The capillaries are formed during
1007:
A small specialised arteriovenous anastomosis known as a
589:
The three main compartments of the venous system are the
7133:
3927:"Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694), Founder of Microanatomy"
3175:
2867:
2093:
Zivadinov, Robert; Chung, Chih-Ping (17 December 2013).
282:
Layers of vein wall shown in comparison to arterial wall
3994:
3398:"Treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis of the leg"
2285:
2283:
2281:
2226:
2224:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
1728:
was a property of arteries themselves. Greek anatomist
3525:
3396:
Di Nisio M, Wichers IM, Middeldorp S (February 2018).
2192:
2190:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1970:
4045:
on the veins' and lymphatic systems of the upper limb
3248:"The post-thrombotic syndrome: progress and pitfalls"
1407:
to prevents clots or to reduce the size of the clot.
1363:(blood clot) in a vein. This most commonly affects a
1258:
Vascular surgery § Management of venous diseases
529:
that wrap around them. Post-capillary venules become
501:
Deep and superficial veins of the arm and near thorax
176:
4903:
2278:
2221:
2202:
1098:. This layer is much thinner than that in arteries.
442:
Veins vary in size from the smallest post-capillary
235:. Veins are often closer to the skin than arteries.
170:
7075:
3568:
3127:Goel, RR; Hardy, SC; Brown, T (30 September 2021).
2972:
2815:(Seventh ed.). Philadelphia, PA. p. 178.
2633:
2483:(Twelfth ed.). Philadelphia, Pa. p. 868.
2236:
2187:
1967:
1262:Most venous diseases involve obstruction such as a
557:of the heart from above and below. From above, the
2005:
573:and runs to the right and roughly parallel to the
3973:(Forty first ed.). : Churchill Livingstone.
3703:
3474:"Classification of Vascular Anomalies: An Update"
3092:(Fifth ed.). Philadelphia, PA. p. 279.
3053:(Fifth ed.). Philadelphia, PA. p. 306.
3011:(Fifth ed.). Philadelphia, PA. p. 304.
2159:(Eighth ed.). Philadelphia. pp. 38â41.
1644:can also be used to assist with access location.
412:, which empty the oxygen-depleted blood into the
8001:
3611:
1847:
1338:is venous insufficiency that develops following
395:The venous system is the system of veins in the
16:Blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart
3044:
3042:
2012:. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
1146:, the bidirectional flow of blood between the
793:, the blood supply to the heart, is drained by
707:there are between 8 and 19 valves, and in the
6079:
3924:
3903:Pormann, Peter E. and Smith, E. Savage (2007)
3655:Lee DK, Ahn KS, Kang CH, Cho SB (April 2017).
3126:
2584:
2481:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology
2092:
1896:
1414:
1086:The middle tunica media is mainly of vascular
450:where arterial blood changes to venous blood.
7821:
7586:
7061:
6699:
6065:
5675:
4889:
4064:
3907:Georgetown University, Washington DC, p. 48,
3845:. Scienceclarified.com. Retrieved 2013-09-15.
3654:
3471:
3342:
3340:
3297:"Deep Vein Thrombosis of the Upper Extremity"
3081:
3000:
1848:Moore HM, Gohel M, Davies AH (October 2011).
1312:. Several treatments are available including
988:Abnormal connections can be present known as
675:The deep veins of the lower limb include the
4078:
3389:
3239:
3120:
3039:
2884:
2882:
1519:most usually due to compression of the left
1079:The outer tunica externa, also known as the
192:of humans and most other animals that carry
6039:
3349:"Management of superficial vein thrombosis"
3133:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
2551:
2549:
2255:
2253:
2251:
722:to prevent reflux from the femoral vein A
605:of between 0.5 and 1 mm diameter, and
262:. In the lower limbs this is also aided by
7835:
7828:
7814:
7600:
7593:
7579:
7068:
7054:
6706:
6692:
6072:
6058:
5682:
5668:
5469:Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency
4896:
4882:
4071:
4057:
3472:Steiner, JE; Drolet, BA (September 2017).
3337:
3112:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3087:
3073:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3048:
3031:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3006:
2835:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2810:
2804:
2792:Adams, Matt; Morgan, Matt A.; et al.
2580:
2578:
2526:
2503:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2179:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1483:of a vein. It is usually accompanied by a
3942:
3880:
3819:
3809:
3783:
3680:
3497:
3421:
3364:
3320:
3263:
3201:
3152:
2931:
2914:
2879:
2725:
2708:
2659:
2610:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2452:
2403:
2329:
2319:
2120:
2110:
1922:
1873:
1686:
1118:(eNOS). Other endothelial secretions are
849:that supplies blood to the lung tissues,
765:in some specific locations including the
489:that helps to preserve normal body heat.
3605:
3438:
2756:
2682:
2676:
2546:
2355:Dorland's illustrated medical dictionary
2346:
2248:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2088:
2086:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1751:
1464:develops, causing visible veins such as
1316:(using radiofrequency or laser energy),
1251:
1067:
957:. The two systems in verebrates are the
756:
654:
643:
496:
426:
277:
3521:
3519:
3517:
3465:
3245:
3218:
3129:"Surgery for deep venous insufficiency"
2966:
2791:
2627:
2575:
2474:
2472:
2295:
2259:
1999:
1997:
1944:
1942:
1436:carries blood drained from most of the
1382:
1293:
761:Diagram showing venous blood flow from
585:Deep, superficial, and perforator veins
314:. The inner layer, is a thin lining of
8002:
5689:
3918:
3738:
3732:
3697:
2529:"The venous valves of the lower limbs"
2511:
2377:
2352:
1423:
7809:
7574:
7049:
6687:
6053:
6038:
5663:
5241:Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
4877:
4052:
3968:
3777:
3614:The Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery
3353:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
3346:
2873:
2289:
2242:
2230:
2215:
2196:
2154:
2137:
2083:
1988:
1836:
1663:is an invasive procedure that uses a
1550:
1282:), and the specialist concerned is a
752:
5246:Generalized essential telangiectasia
3925:Romero ReverĂłn, Rafael (June 2011).
3854:
3562:
3514:
3478:Seminars in Interventional Radiology
3288:
2843:
2478:
2469:
1994:
1939:
1890:
1345:
741:) and the right atrium known as the
3997:International Journal of Cardiology
3931:International Journal of Morphology
3648:
2750:
2634:Rajeeva Pandian NK, Jain A (2022).
2585:Bazigou E, Makinen T (March 2013).
2527:Publishing, Licorn (9 April 2013).
2420:
2378:Sureka, Binit (15 September 2015).
2353:Albert, consultants Daniel (2012).
1527:associated with compression of the
994:cerebral arteriovenous malformation
711:there are between 8 and 11 valves.
270:and drive blood back to the heart.
13:
3988:
3528:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
3301:Deutsches Ărzteblatt International
1897:Guven G, Hilty MP, Ince C (2020).
1587:. They are the most common of the
1409:Intermittent pneumatic compression
914:parallel the upward course of the
14:
8026:
4024:
3843:Anatomy â History of anatomy
1713:Circulatory system § History
1116:endothelial nitric oxide synthase
5396:Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
3755:10.1111/j.1524-4725.2006.32226.x
3571:Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics
3265:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2006.06200.x
2813:Principles of pulmonary medicine
2685:"Lower extremity venous anatomy"
1866:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2011.01409.x
1598:
1040:that connects the (superficial)
639:
565:carries blood from the legs and
378:
363:
343:
166:
48:, and an inner layer lined with
34:
6767:Posterior of the left ventricle
3962:
3944:10.4067/S0717-95022011000200015
3897:
3873:10.1152/japplphysiol.91171.2008
3848:
3836:
3169:
2785:
2371:
2304:"Lower extremity venous reflux"
1220:The post-capillary venules are
1063:
1052:carry blood from the limbs and
835:oblique vein of the left atrium
350:List of veins of the human body
6776:Ligament of the left vena cava
5347:Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
3969:Standring, Susan, ed. (2016).
3784:Zhang Z, Wang M (March 2022).
3626:10.23736/S0021-9509.21.11911-1
3414:10.1002/14651858.CD004982.pub6
3252:British Journal of Haematology
3145:10.1002/14651858.CD001097.pub4
2811:Weinberger, Steven E. (2019).
2683:Meissner MH (September 2005).
2026:
1616:such as medication, or fluid,
1502:
1133:
996:is one that is located in the
659:Venous valve stopping backflow
537:Small, medium, and large veins
1:
5159:Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva
5013:Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis
4031:Merck Manual article on veins
3861:Journal of Applied Physiology
3447:"Superior Vena Cava Syndrome"
2733:"Veins: Anatomy and Function"
1829:
1636:, and guidance tools such as
1593:lymphaticovenous malformation
1371:(DVT), but can also affect a
1142:is completely reliant on the
929:. This vein merges with the
5464:Chronic venous insufficiency
5089:Aortoiliac occlusive disease
4009:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.02.035
3583:10.1097/BPO.0000000000001667
3540:10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181df803d
3088:Schoenwolf, Gary C. (2015).
3049:Schoenwolf, Gary C. (2015).
3007:Schoenwolf, Gary C. (2015).
2384:British Journal of Radiology
2260:Saladin, Kenneth S. (2011).
1679:healthcare application is a
1493:superficial thrombophlebitis
1471:
1300:Chronic venous insufficiency
1211:Vascular smooth muscle cells
1100:Vascular smooth muscle cells
906:which go on to form the two
273:
7:
5479:Inferior vena cava syndrome
5474:Superior vena cava syndrome
5201:Vertebral artery dissection
5191:Intracranial berry aneurysm
2157:Clinically oriented anatomy
1807:
1545:superior vena cava syndrome
1415:Superficial vein thrombosis
1377:superficial vein thrombosis
1314:endovenous thermal ablation
1185:
1174:are entirely vascularised.
990:arteriovenous malformations
743:valve of inferior vena cava
453:Large arteries such as the
10:
8031:
7398:deep circumflex iliac vein
6956:posterior intercostal 5-11
6942:right superior intercostal
6772:Oblique of the left atrium
6636:suboccipital venous plexus
5580:Hypertensive heart disease
5231:Arteriovenous malformation
5206:Familial aortic dissection
3402:Cochrane Database Syst Rev
3194:10.1007/s11357-021-00475-2
2952:10.2174/157016112798829760
2533:Servier - Phlebolymphology
1710:
1706:
1647:
1602:
1581:lining of the mouth cavity
1511:, due to compression of a
1349:
1297:
1255:
1189:
1182:, and the cardinal veins.
517:(ÎŒm), and are part of the
347:
18:
8015:Cardiovascular physiology
7941:
7904:
7875:
7847:
7772:
7742:
7735:
7687:
7645:
7638:
7612:
7529:
7474:
7429:
7414:
7383:
7271:
7241:
7232:
7216:
7207:
7134:To IVC or left renal vein
7118:
7091:
6996:vertebral venous plexuses
6986:
6932:
6869:left superior intercostal
6844:
6833:
6817:
6790:
6747:
6738:
6729:
6649:
6614:
6605:
6546:
6499:
6434:
6378:
6342:
6333:
6310:
6255:
6214:
6205:
6192:
6183:
6141:
6104:
6095:
6047:
5957:
5922:
5875:
5866:
5834:
5786:
5743:
5708:
5701:
5635:
5605:Renovascular hypertension
5570:
5561:
5548:Hepatic artery thrombosis
5496:
5456:
5411:
5315:
5297:
5288:
5256:
5216:
5196:Carotid artery dissection
5149:Abdominal aortic aneurysm
5121:
5081:
5058:
4999:Intermittent claudication
4969:
4962:Peripheral artery disease
4960:
4930:
4912:
4828:
4751:
4713:
4590:
4533:
4492:
4457:
4398:
4335:
4295:
4286:
4254:
4226:
4099:
4090:
3905:Medieval Islamic medicine
3718:10.1016/j.suc.2017.11.007
3313:10.3238/arztebl.2017.0244
3090:Larsen's human embryology
3051:Larsen's human embryology
3009:Larsen's human embryology
2981:. StatPearls Publishing.
2603:10.1007/s00018-012-1110-6
1681:near-infrared vein finder
1396:in the lungs, known as a
1140:development of the embryo
983:arteriovenous anastomosis
963:hypophyseal portal system
918:and drain blood into the
634:arteriovenous anastomoses
607:reticular or feeder veins
143:
131:
119:
103:
91:
79:
74:
62:
57:
33:
28:
5590:Hypertensive nephropathy
5403:Post-thrombotic syndrome
5384:PagetâSchroetter disease
5176:Coronary artery aneurysm
5154:Thoracic aortic aneurysm
2640:Clin Hemorheol Microcirc
2155:Moore, Keith L. (2018).
2112:10.1186/1741-7015-11-260
2008:Human Biology and Health
1954:training.seer.cancer.gov
1509:thoracic outlet syndrome
1286:. There are a number of
1126:(vasoconstrictors), and
7716:Superficial palmar arch
6476:internal auditory veins
6286:superior thalamostriate
6041:Veins in the human body
6024:Circulatory anastomosis
5987:Internal elastic lamina
5778:Precapillary resistance
5645:Orthostatic hypotension
5627:White coat hypertension
5104:Fibromuscular dysplasia
5068:Carotid artery stenosis
3347:Cosmi, B. (July 2015).
3246:Kahn SR (August 2006).
2321:10.21037/cdt.2016.11.14
1824:Compliance (physiology)
1819:Central venous pressure
1697:finger vein recognition
1630:central venous catheter
1571:. In a tumor such as
1044:with the (superficial)
979:circulatory anastomoses
931:inferior sagittal sinus
892:superior sagittal sinus
697:saphenofemoral junction
357:Veins of the human body
254:gives them the term of
7151:central veins of liver
5773:Precapillary sphincter
5617:Pulmonary hypertension
5600:Secondary hypertension
5595:Essential hypertension
5585:Hypertensive emergency
5426:Portacaval anastomosis
5362:Portal vein thrombosis
5004:Critical limb ischemia
4905:Cardiovascular disease
4523:Lymphoid immune system
4092:Musculoskeletal system
3490:10.1055/s-0037-1604295
2975:"Embryology, Yolk Sac"
2689:Semin Intervent Radiol
2479:Hall, John E. (2011).
2445:10.1055/s-0038-1639355
1814:Cardiovascular disease
1764:
1695:technologies, include
1687:Recognition techniques
1589:vascular malformations
1462:collateral circulation
1438:gastrointestinal tract
1359:is the formation of a
1336:Postphlebitic syndrome
1322:ambulatory phlebectomy
1073:
819:anterior cardiac veins
815:smallest cardiac veins
777:
660:
652:
617:There are a number of
502:
439:
401:pulmonary circulations
283:
145:Anatomical terminology
7340:vaginal plexus/vein â
5622:Systolic hypertension
5367:Renal vein thrombosis
5226:Arteriovenous fistula
5218:Vascular malformation
5186:Intracranial aneurysm
5073:Renal artery stenosis
4511:Myeloid immune system
4297:Cardiovascular system
2907:10.1124/pr.115.010652
2701:10.1055/s-2005-921948
2308:Cardiovasc Diagn Ther
1755:
1711:Further information:
1701:eye vein verification
1569:vascular malformation
1535:. Compression of the
1350:Further information:
1256:Further information:
1252:Clinical significance
1144:vitelline circulation
1071:
1002:arteriovenous fistula
959:hepatic portal system
945:Portal venous systems
939:confluence of sinuses
896:confluence of sinuses
847:bronchial circulation
841:Bronchial circulation
760:
731:skeletal muscle pumps
709:anterior tibial veins
705:posterior tibial vein
658:
647:
511:post-capillary venule
500:
437:pulmonary circulation
430:
281:
216:to the heart. In the
21:Vein (disambiguation)
7927:superficial of penis
7484:right gastroepiploic
7187:pampiniform plexus â
6961:accessory hemiazygos
6859:anterior intercostal
6246:superior anastomotic
6240:inferior anastomotic
6126:superficial temporal
5536:Paradoxical embolism
5531:Cholesterol embolism
5357:MayâThurner syndrome
5352:BuddâChiari syndrome
5335:Deep vein thrombosis
5330:primarily lower limb
5109:Raynaud's phenomenon
4863:Islets of Langerhans
4723:Genitourinary system
4459:Integumentary system
3855:West, J. B. (2008).
2396:10.1259/bjr.20150326
2079:on 10 February 2012.
2062:10.1364/AO.35.001151
1793:Hieronymus Fabricius
1756:Image of veins from
1618:parenteral nutrition
1577:Venous malformations
1573:infantile hemangioma
1525:MayâThurner syndrome
1487:when it is known as
1458:Budd Chiari syndrome
1448:is mainly caused by
1383:Deep vein thrombosis
1369:deep vein thrombosis
1352:Deep vein thrombosis
1340:deep vein thrombosis
1294:Venous insufficiency
1046:great saphenous vein
1042:small saphenous vein
1009:glomus body or organ
951:portal venous system
888:dural venous sinuses
880:cerebral circulation
874:Cerebral circulation
801:. These include the
791:coronary circulation
785:Coronary circulation
716:great saphenous vein
629:of certain cancers.
623:Batson venous plexus
509:into a microscopic,
487:counterflow exchange
479:neurovascular bundle
372:systemic circulation
310:and is known as the
218:systemic circulation
44:, a middle layer of
19:For other uses, see
7679:Median antebrachial
7630:Circumflex scapular
7489:pancreaticoduodenal
7476:Superior mesenteric
7454:inferior mesenteric
7444:left gastroepiploic
7393:inferior epigastric
7329:posterior scrotal â
7315:prostatic plexus â
6919:pericardiacophrenic
6864:superior epigastric
6426:inferior ophthalmic
6399:superior ophthalmic
6169:jugular venous arch
6154:transverse cervical
6149:posterior auricular
5612:Benign hypertension
4753:Reproductive system
4472:Subcutaneous tissue
4241:Cartilaginous joint
3802:2022Senso..22.2234Z
2940:Curr Vasc Pharmacol
2054:1996ApOpt..35.1151K
1634:Seldinger technique
1614:intravenous therapy
1517:nutcracker syndrome
1446:Portal hypertension
1434:hepatic portal vein
1424:Portal hypertension
1156:splanchnic mesoderm
1088:smooth muscle cells
910:. In the neck, the
807:middle cardiac vein
701:suprasaphenic valve
677:common femoral vein
435:and vessels of the
422:capacitance vessels
256:capacitance vessels
200:. Most veins carry
7971:plantar metatarsal
7662:Accessory cephalic
7224:median sacral vein
6792:Small cardiac vein
6662:inferior laryngeal
6629:occipital emissary
6586:superior laryngeal
6230:superficial middle
6131:anterior auricular
5934:Pulmonary arteries
5868:Circulatory system
5526:Pulmonary embolism
5436:Esophageal varices
5374:upper limb / torso
5018:Arteriolosclerosis
4535:Respiratory system
4288:Circulatory system
3706:Surg Clin North Am
3673:10.14366/usg.17001
2876:, p. 132â134.
2771:10.1111/echo.14682
1765:
1736:In 2nd century AD
1551:Vascular anomalies
1539:most usually by a
1537:superior vena cava
1531:which can lead to
1466:esophageal varices
1432:also known as the
1398:pulmonary embolism
1332:, or compression.
1288:vascular surgeries
1270:, or compression.
1245:hypovolaemic shock
1192:Circulatory system
1074:
1034:communicating vein
920:superior vena cava
900:transverse sinuses
811:small cardiac vein
803:great cardiac vein
778:
753:Circulatory routes
745:also known as the
691:, the tibial, and
661:
653:
648:Video of valve in
563:inferior vena cava
559:superior vena cava
503:
467:popliteal arteries
440:
410:inferior vena cava
387:circulatory system
370:Main veins of the
284:
248:internal diameters
210:fetal circulations
202:deoxygenated blood
190:circulatory system
69:Circulatory system
7995:
7994:
7989:
7988:
7956:dorsal metatarsal
7922:external pudendal
7862:deep femoral vein
7803:
7802:
7799:
7798:
7789:Palmar metacarpal
7731:
7730:
7709:Dorsal metacarpal
7568:
7567:
7564:
7563:
7410:
7409:
7406:
7405:
7379:
7378:
7350:internal pudendal
7043:
7042:
6982:
6981:
6978:
6977:
6902:thoracoepigastric
6854:internal thoracic
6813:
6812:
6681:
6680:
6677:
6676:
6601:
6600:
6495:
6494:
6491:
6490:
6466:inferior petrosal
6461:superior petrosal
6363:inferior sagittal
6353:superior sagittal
6306:
6305:
6179:
6178:
6032:
6031:
5953:
5952:
5862:
5861:
5657:
5656:
5653:
5652:
5497:Arteries or veins
5492:
5491:
5317:Venous thrombosis
5284:
5283:
5266:Cherry hemangioma
5166:Aortic dissection
5117:
5116:
4952:Buerger's disease
4871:
4870:
4394:
4393:
4384:Glymphatic system
4282:
4281:
3980:978-0-7020-5230-9
3811:10.3390/s22062234
3366:10.1111/jth.12986
2652:10.3233/CH-211345
2591:Cell Mol Life Sci
2364:978-1-4160-6257-8
2019:978-0-13-981176-0
1915:10.1159/000503775
1802:Marcello Malpighi
1677:augmented reality
1657:duplex ultrasound
1357:Venous thrombosis
1346:Venous thrombosis
1081:tunica adventitia
724:preterminal valve
685:deep femoral vein
595:superficial veins
296:connective tissue
244:connective tissue
159:
158:
154:
42:connective tissue
8022:
7896:posterior tibial
7830:
7823:
7816:
7807:
7806:
7784:Deep palmar arch
7777:
7747:
7740:
7739:
7692:
7650:
7643:
7642:
7595:
7588:
7581:
7572:
7571:
7427:
7426:
7360:bulb of penis â
7320:deep of penis â
7298:uterine plexus â
7283:inferior gluteal
7276:
7258:superior gluteal
7246:
7239:
7238:
7214:
7213:
7141:inferior phrenic
7131:
7130:
7103:ascending lumbar
7070:
7063:
7056:
7047:
7046:
6988:Vertebral column
6970:superior phrenic
6924:internal jugular
6912:external jugular
6897:lateral thoracic
6842:
6841:
6800:Anterior cardiac
6745:
6744:
6736:
6735:
6723:vertebral column
6708:
6701:
6694:
6685:
6684:
6657:inferior thyroid
6612:
6611:
6581:superior thyroid
6340:
6339:
6212:
6211:
6203:
6202:
6190:
6189:
6185:Internal jugular
6164:anterior jugular
6119:pterygoid plexus
6102:
6101:
6097:External jugular
6074:
6067:
6060:
6051:
6050:
6036:
6035:
5972:Microcirculation
5873:
5872:
5844:Lymphatic vessel
5801:Superficial vein
5706:
5705:
5684:
5677:
5670:
5661:
5660:
5568:
5567:
5379:Mondor's disease
5322:Thrombophlebitis
5295:
5294:
4971:Arteriosclerosis
4967:
4966:
4928:
4927:
4898:
4891:
4884:
4875:
4874:
4830:Endocrine system
4592:Digestive system
4337:Lymphatic system
4320:Lymphatic vessel
4293:
4292:
4097:
4096:
4073:
4066:
4059:
4050:
4049:
4039:
4020:
3984:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3951:
3946:
3922:
3916:
3901:
3895:
3894:
3884:
3867:(6): 1877â1880.
3852:
3846:
3840:
3834:
3833:
3823:
3813:
3781:
3775:
3774:
3736:
3730:
3729:
3701:
3695:
3694:
3684:
3652:
3646:
3645:
3609:
3603:
3602:
3566:
3560:
3559:
3523:
3512:
3511:
3501:
3469:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3458:
3442:
3436:
3435:
3425:
3393:
3387:
3386:
3368:
3359:(7): 1175â1183.
3344:
3335:
3334:
3324:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3267:
3243:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3232:
3222:
3216:
3215:
3205:
3188:(6): 2761â2784.
3173:
3167:
3166:
3156:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3111:
3103:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3072:
3064:
3046:
3037:
3036:
3030:
3022:
3004:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2970:
2964:
2963:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2918:
2886:
2877:
2871:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2855:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2834:
2826:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2794:"Coronary veins"
2789:
2783:
2782:
2759:Echocardiography
2754:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2737:Cleveland Clinic
2729:
2723:
2722:
2712:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2663:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2614:
2582:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2553:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2524:
2509:
2508:
2502:
2494:
2476:
2467:
2466:
2456:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2407:
2375:
2369:
2368:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2333:
2323:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2276:
2275:
2257:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2228:
2219:
2213:
2200:
2194:
2185:
2184:
2178:
2170:
2152:
2135:
2134:
2124:
2114:
2090:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2072:. Archived from
2039:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2011:
2001:
1992:
1986:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1946:
1937:
1936:
1926:
1909:(1â2): 143â150.
1894:
1888:
1887:
1877:
1845:
1559:can be either a
1557:vascular anomaly
1489:thrombophlebitis
1394:pulmonary artery
1373:superficial vein
1248:blood pressure.
1168:connecting stalk
1050:Peripheral veins
916:carotid arteries
747:eustachian valve
599:perforator veins
543:internal jugular
531:muscular venules
519:microcirculation
471:venae comitantes
382:
367:
334:color perception
238:Veins have less
233:microcirculation
214:oxygenated blood
183:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
151:edit on Wikidata
148:
38:
26:
25:
8030:
8029:
8025:
8024:
8023:
8021:
8020:
8019:
8000:
7999:
7996:
7991:
7990:
7985:
7981:plantar digital
7937:
7917:great saphenous
7912:small saphenous
7905:superficial leg
7900:
7891:anterior tibial
7871:
7843:
7834:
7804:
7795:
7773:
7768:
7743:
7727:
7688:
7683:
7646:
7634:
7608:
7599:
7569:
7560:
7525:
7470:
7459:superior rectal
7418:
7402:
7375:
7355:inferior rectal
7272:
7267:
7242:
7228:
7203:
7122:
7114:
7087:
7074:
7044:
7039:
6974:
6928:
6907:dorsal scapular
6846:Brachiocephalic
6836:
6829:
6825:Pulmonary veins
6809:
6786:
6725:
6712:
6682:
6673:
6645:
6607:Brachiocephalic
6597:
6542:
6533:inferior labial
6528:superior labial
6487:
6430:
6419:vorticose veins
6409:central retinal
6374:
6329:
6302:
6251:
6175:
6137:
6106:Retromandibular
6091:
6078:
6043:
6033:
6028:
6014:Vascular nerves
5949:
5918:
5858:
5854:Lymph capillary
5830:
5811:Perforator vein
5782:
5739:
5718:Nutrient artery
5697:
5688:
5658:
5649:
5631:
5557:
5514:Microangiopathy
5509:Macroangiopathy
5488:
5452:
5421:Gastric varices
5407:
5320:
5311:
5280:
5252:
5212:
5144:Aortic aneurysm
5130:
5113:
5099:Erythromelalgia
5077:
5054:
4979:Atherosclerosis
4956:
4920:
4908:
4902:
4872:
4867:
4824:
4786:Seminal vesicle
4747:
4709:
4659:Small intestine
4586:
4529:
4488:
4453:
4390:
4331:
4278:
4256:Muscular system
4250:
4222:
4101:Skeletal system
4086:
4077:
4037:
4027:
3991:
3989:Further reading
3981:
3965:
3960:
3959:
3949:
3947:
3923:
3919:
3902:
3898:
3853:
3849:
3841:
3837:
3782:
3778:
3737:
3733:
3702:
3698:
3661:Ultrasonography
3653:
3649:
3610:
3606:
3567:
3563:
3524:
3515:
3470:
3466:
3456:
3454:
3443:
3439:
3408:(2): CD004982.
3394:
3390:
3345:
3338:
3307:(14): 244â249.
3293:
3289:
3244:
3240:
3230:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3174:
3170:
3139:(9): CD001097.
3125:
3121:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3086:
3082:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3047:
3040:
3024:
3023:
3019:
3005:
3001:
2991:
2989:
2971:
2967:
2936:
2932:
2887:
2880:
2872:
2868:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2809:
2805:
2798:Radiopaedia.org
2790:
2786:
2755:
2751:
2741:
2739:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2681:
2677:
2632:
2628:
2583:
2576:
2566:
2564:
2563:. 20 April 2022
2555:
2554:
2547:
2537:
2535:
2525:
2512:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2477:
2470:
2425:
2421:
2376:
2372:
2365:
2351:
2347:
2300:
2296:
2288:
2279:
2272:
2258:
2249:
2241:
2237:
2229:
2222:
2214:
2203:
2195:
2188:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2153:
2138:
2091:
2084:
2076:
2037:
2031:
2027:
2020:
2002:
1995:
1987:
1968:
1958:
1956:
1948:
1947:
1940:
1895:
1891:
1846:
1837:
1832:
1810:
1719:Greek physician
1715:
1709:
1689:
1655:, particularly
1650:
1607:
1601:
1585:salivary glands
1553:
1541:malignant tumor
1533:iliofemoral DVT
1513:subclavian vein
1505:
1474:
1426:
1417:
1405:anticoagulation
1392:and lodge in a
1385:
1354:
1348:
1302:
1296:
1260:
1254:
1194:
1188:
1180:umbilical veins
1172:chorionic villi
1164:vitelline veins
1136:
1130:a vasodilator.
1066:
1024:capillary bed.
904:sigmoid sinuses
867:pulmonary veins
857:from the large
851:bronchial veins
755:
642:
619:venous plexuses
613:Venous plexuses
575:abdominal aorta
571:retroperitoneal
475:satellite veins
393:
392:
391:
390:
389:
383:
375:
374:
368:
359:
358:
352:
346:
276:
169:
165:
155:
112:
53:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8028:
8018:
8017:
8012:
7993:
7992:
7987:
7986:
7984:
7983:
7978:
7976:common digital
7973:
7968:
7963:
7961:dorsal digital
7958:
7953:
7947:
7945:
7939:
7938:
7936:
7935:
7934:
7933:
7924:
7914:
7908:
7906:
7902:
7901:
7899:
7898:
7893:
7888:
7882:
7880:
7873:
7872:
7870:
7869:
7864:
7859:
7853:
7851:
7845:
7844:
7833:
7832:
7825:
7818:
7810:
7801:
7800:
7797:
7796:
7794:
7793:
7792:
7791:
7780:
7778:
7770:
7769:
7767:
7766:
7761:
7756:
7750:
7748:
7737:
7733:
7732:
7729:
7728:
7726:
7725:
7724:
7723:
7721:Palmar digital
7713:
7712:
7711:
7706:
7704:Intercapitular
7699:Dorsal network
7695:
7693:
7685:
7684:
7682:
7681:
7676:
7671:
7669:Median cubital
7666:
7665:
7664:
7653:
7651:
7640:
7636:
7635:
7633:
7632:
7627:
7622:
7616:
7614:
7610:
7609:
7598:
7597:
7590:
7583:
7575:
7566:
7565:
7562:
7561:
7559:
7558:
7553:
7548:
7539:
7533:
7531:
7527:
7526:
7524:
7523:
7522:
7521:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7486:
7480:
7478:
7472:
7471:
7469:
7468:
7467:
7466:
7461:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7435:
7433:
7424:
7412:
7411:
7408:
7407:
7404:
7403:
7401:
7400:
7395:
7389:
7387:
7385:External iliac
7381:
7380:
7377:
7376:
7374:
7373:
7368:
7367:
7366:
7357:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7336:
7335:
7326:
7317:
7312:
7310:vesical plexus
7302:
7301:
7300:
7290:
7285:
7279:
7277:
7269:
7268:
7266:
7265:
7263:lateral sacral
7260:
7255:
7249:
7247:
7236:
7234:Internal iliac
7230:
7229:
7227:
7226:
7220:
7218:
7211:
7205:
7204:
7202:
7201:
7196:
7191:
7190:
7189:
7184:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7159:
7158:
7156:liver sinusoid
7153:
7143:
7137:
7135:
7128:
7116:
7115:
7113:
7112:
7111:
7110:
7099:
7097:
7089:
7088:
7073:
7072:
7065:
7058:
7050:
7041:
7040:
7038:
7037:
7035:intervertebral
7032:
7027:
7026:
7025:
7020:
7010:
7009:
7008:
7003:
6992:
6990:
6984:
6983:
6980:
6979:
6976:
6975:
6973:
6972:
6967:
6958:
6949:
6944:
6938:
6936:
6930:
6929:
6927:
6926:
6921:
6916:
6915:
6914:
6909:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6883:
6878:
6873:
6872:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6850:
6848:
6839:
6831:
6830:
6828:
6827:
6821:
6819:
6815:
6814:
6811:
6810:
6808:
6807:
6804:Right marginal
6796:
6794:
6788:
6787:
6785:
6784:
6782:Middle cardiac
6779:
6769:
6764:
6753:
6751:
6749:Coronary sinus
6742:
6733:
6727:
6726:
6711:
6710:
6703:
6696:
6688:
6679:
6678:
6675:
6674:
6672:
6671:
6666:
6665:
6664:
6653:
6651:
6647:
6646:
6644:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6632:
6631:
6620:
6618:
6609:
6603:
6602:
6599:
6598:
6596:
6595:
6593:middle thyroid
6590:
6589:
6588:
6578:
6573:
6572:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6559:dorsal lingual
6550:
6548:
6544:
6543:
6541:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6509:
6507:
6497:
6496:
6493:
6492:
6489:
6488:
6486:
6485:
6480:
6479:
6478:
6473:
6471:basilar plexus
6463:
6458:
6457:
6456:
6441:
6439:
6432:
6431:
6429:
6428:
6423:
6422:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6396:
6394:intercavernous
6391:
6389:sphenoparietal
6385:
6383:
6376:
6375:
6373:
6372:
6367:
6366:
6365:
6355:
6349:
6347:
6337:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6327:
6322:
6316:
6314:
6308:
6307:
6304:
6303:
6301:
6300:
6299:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6268:
6262:
6260:
6253:
6252:
6250:
6249:
6243:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6221:
6219:
6209:
6200:
6187:
6181:
6180:
6177:
6176:
6174:
6173:
6172:
6171:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6145:
6143:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6135:
6134:
6133:
6123:
6122:
6121:
6110:
6108:
6099:
6093:
6092:
6077:
6076:
6069:
6062:
6054:
6048:
6045:
6044:
6030:
6029:
6027:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5999:Tunica externa
5996:
5991:
5990:
5989:
5984:
5974:
5969:
5963:
5961:
5955:
5954:
5951:
5950:
5942:Pulmonary vein
5928:
5926:
5920:
5919:
5881:
5879:
5870:
5864:
5863:
5860:
5859:
5857:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5840:
5838:
5832:
5831:
5829:
5828:
5823:
5818:
5816:Emissary veins
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5792:
5790:
5784:
5783:
5781:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5769:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5749:
5747:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5737:
5735:Elastic artery
5732:
5731:
5730:
5720:
5714:
5712:
5703:
5699:
5698:
5687:
5686:
5679:
5672:
5664:
5655:
5654:
5651:
5650:
5648:
5647:
5641:
5639:
5633:
5632:
5630:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5608:
5607:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5576:
5574:
5565:
5563:Blood pressure
5559:
5558:
5556:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5539:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5511:
5500:
5498:
5494:
5493:
5490:
5489:
5487:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5460:
5458:
5454:
5453:
5451:
5450:
5445:
5444:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5423:
5417:
5415:
5413:Varicose veins
5409:
5408:
5406:
5405:
5400:
5399:
5398:
5388:
5387:
5386:
5381:
5371:
5370:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5339:
5338:
5337:
5326:
5324:
5313:
5312:
5310:
5309:
5303:
5301:
5292:
5286:
5285:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5278:
5276:Spider angioma
5273:
5268:
5262:
5260:
5258:Vascular nevus
5254:
5253:
5251:
5250:
5249:
5248:
5243:
5236:Telangiectasia
5233:
5228:
5222:
5220:
5214:
5213:
5211:
5210:
5209:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5178:
5173:
5171:Aortic rupture
5168:
5163:
5162:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5136:
5134:
5132:pseudoaneurysm
5119:
5118:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5085:
5083:
5079:
5078:
5076:
5075:
5070:
5064:
5062:
5056:
5055:
5053:
5052:
5051:
5050:
5045:
5043:Oxycholesterol
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5015:
5009:
5008:
5007:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4975:
4973:
4964:
4958:
4957:
4955:
4954:
4949:
4948:
4947:
4936:
4934:
4925:
4910:
4909:
4901:
4900:
4893:
4886:
4878:
4869:
4868:
4866:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4834:
4832:
4826:
4825:
4823:
4822:
4821:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4790:
4789:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4757:
4755:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4719:
4717:
4715:Urinary system
4711:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4706:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4683:
4682:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4651:
4650:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4637:Laryngopharynx
4634:
4624:
4623:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4605:Salivary gland
4596:
4594:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4584:
4583:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4562:
4561:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4539:
4537:
4531:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4526:
4525:
4515:
4514:
4513:
4502:
4500:
4498:immune systems
4494:Haematopoietic
4490:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4484:
4474:
4469:
4463:
4461:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4451:
4446:
4444:Somatic system
4441:
4440:
4439:
4434:
4427:Sensory system
4424:
4423:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4404:
4402:
4400:Nervous system
4396:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4388:
4387:
4386:
4379:CNS equivalent
4376:
4375:
4374:
4369:
4359:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4341:
4339:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4329:
4324:
4323:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4301:
4299:
4290:
4284:
4283:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4260:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4248:
4246:Synovial joint
4243:
4238:
4232:
4230:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4220:
4215:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4122:
4116:
4105:
4103:
4094:
4088:
4087:
4076:
4075:
4068:
4061:
4053:
4047:
4046:
4033:
4026:
4025:External links
4023:
4022:
4021:
4003:(3): 297â301.
3990:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3979:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3937:(2): 399â402.
3917:
3896:
3847:
3835:
3776:
3731:
3712:(2): 201â218.
3696:
3667:(2): 120â130.
3647:
3620:(5): 456â466.
3604:
3577:(1): e67âe73.
3561:
3534:(2): 55eâ69e.
3513:
3484:(3): 225â232.
3464:
3437:
3388:
3336:
3287:
3238:
3217:
3168:
3119:
3098:
3080:
3059:
3038:
3017:
2999:
2965:
2930:
2901:(2): 476â532.
2878:
2866:
2842:
2821:
2803:
2784:
2765:(6): 939â944.
2749:
2724:
2675:
2626:
2597:(6): 1055â66.
2574:
2545:
2510:
2489:
2468:
2439:(4): 185â189.
2419:
2390:(1055): 1055.
2370:
2363:
2345:
2314:(6): 533â543.
2294:
2292:, p. 135.
2277:
2270:
2247:
2235:
2233:, p. 127.
2220:
2218:, p. 130.
2201:
2199:, p. 134.
2186:
2165:
2136:
2082:
2042:Applied Optics
2025:
2018:
1993:
1991:, p. 131.
1966:
1938:
1889:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1809:
1806:
1789:William Harvey
1758:William Harvey
1708:
1705:
1688:
1685:
1669:contrast agent
1649:
1646:
1600:
1597:
1561:vascular tumor
1552:
1549:
1504:
1501:
1473:
1470:
1425:
1422:
1416:
1413:
1384:
1381:
1347:
1344:
1318:vein stripping
1310:varicose veins
1298:Main article:
1295:
1292:
1253:
1250:
1215:blood pressure
1190:Main article:
1187:
1184:
1160:vasculogenesis
1135:
1132:
1104:blood pressure
1092:elastic fibers
1065:
1062:
1038:Giacomini vein
1030:
1029:
1017:
1016:
1015:Vascular shunt
971:
970:
955:capillary beds
947:
946:
935:straight sinus
882:supplying the
876:
875:
843:
842:
831:left ventricle
827:coronary sinus
787:
786:
763:capillary beds
754:
751:
720:terminal valve
689:popliteal vein
650:popliteal vein
641:
638:
615:
614:
587:
586:
539:
538:
495:
494:
455:thoracic aorta
448:capillary beds
384:
377:
376:
369:
362:
361:
360:
356:
355:
354:
353:
345:
342:
300:tunica externa
275:
272:
157:
156:
147:
141:
140:
135:
129:
128:
123:
117:
116:
107:
101:
100:
95:
89:
88:
83:
77:
76:
72:
71:
66:
60:
59:
55:
54:
39:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8027:
8016:
8013:
8011:
8008:
8007:
8005:
7998:
7982:
7979:
7977:
7974:
7972:
7969:
7967:
7964:
7962:
7959:
7957:
7954:
7952:
7949:
7948:
7946:
7944:
7940:
7932:
7928:
7925:
7923:
7920:
7919:
7918:
7915:
7913:
7910:
7909:
7907:
7903:
7897:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7883:
7881:
7879:
7874:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7854:
7852:
7850:
7846:
7842:
7838:
7831:
7826:
7824:
7819:
7817:
7812:
7811:
7808:
7790:
7787:
7786:
7785:
7782:
7781:
7779:
7776:
7775:hand/forearm:
7771:
7765:
7762:
7760:
7757:
7755:
7752:
7751:
7749:
7746:
7741:
7738:
7734:
7722:
7719:
7718:
7717:
7714:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7701:
7700:
7697:
7696:
7694:
7691:
7690:hand/forearm:
7686:
7680:
7677:
7675:
7672:
7670:
7667:
7663:
7660:
7659:
7658:
7655:
7654:
7652:
7649:
7644:
7641:
7637:
7631:
7628:
7626:
7623:
7621:
7618:
7617:
7615:
7611:
7607:
7603:
7596:
7591:
7589:
7584:
7582:
7577:
7576:
7573:
7557:
7556:paraumbilical
7554:
7552:
7551:right gastric
7549:
7547:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7534:
7532:
7528:
7520:
7517:
7516:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7485:
7482:
7481:
7479:
7477:
7473:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7456:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7440:
7439:short gastric
7437:
7436:
7434:
7432:
7428:
7425:
7422:
7417:
7413:
7399:
7396:
7394:
7391:
7390:
7388:
7386:
7382:
7372:
7371:rectal plexus
7369:
7365:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7352:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7345:middle rectal
7343:
7341:
7338:
7334:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7307:
7306:
7303:
7299:
7296:
7295:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7286:
7284:
7281:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7270:
7264:
7261:
7259:
7256:
7254:
7251:
7250:
7248:
7245:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7231:
7225:
7222:
7221:
7219:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7206:
7200:
7197:
7195:
7192:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7179:
7176:
7175:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7149:
7148:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7138:
7136:
7132:
7129:
7126:
7121:
7117:
7109:
7106:
7105:
7104:
7101:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7090:
7086:
7082:
7078:
7071:
7066:
7064:
7059:
7057:
7052:
7051:
7048:
7036:
7033:
7031:
7030:basivertebral
7028:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7016:
7015:
7014:
7011:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6998:
6997:
6994:
6993:
6991:
6989:
6985:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6962:
6959:
6957:
6953:
6950:
6948:
6945:
6943:
6940:
6939:
6937:
6935:
6931:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6917:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6895:
6892:
6889:
6888:
6887:
6884:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6874:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6856:
6855:
6852:
6851:
6849:
6847:
6843:
6840:
6838:
6832:
6826:
6823:
6822:
6820:
6816:
6805:
6801:
6798:
6797:
6795:
6793:
6789:
6783:
6780:
6777:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6762:
6761:Left marginal
6758:
6757:Great cardiac
6755:
6754:
6752:
6750:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6728:
6724:
6720:
6716:
6709:
6704:
6702:
6697:
6695:
6690:
6689:
6686:
6670:
6667:
6663:
6660:
6659:
6658:
6655:
6654:
6652:
6648:
6642:
6641:deep cervical
6639:
6637:
6634:
6630:
6627:
6626:
6625:
6622:
6621:
6619:
6617:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6604:
6594:
6591:
6587:
6584:
6583:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6556:
6555:
6552:
6551:
6549:
6545:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6510:
6508:
6506:
6505:common facial
6502:
6498:
6484:
6481:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6468:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6455:
6454:petrosquamous
6452:
6451:
6450:
6446:
6443:
6442:
6440:
6438:
6433:
6427:
6424:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6401:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6386:
6384:
6382:
6377:
6371:
6368:
6364:
6361:
6360:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6350:
6348:
6346:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6332:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6313:
6309:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6273:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6254:
6247:
6244:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6195:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6182:
6170:
6167:
6166:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6159:suprascapular
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6146:
6144:
6140:
6132:
6129:
6128:
6127:
6124:
6120:
6117:
6116:
6115:
6112:
6111:
6109:
6107:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6094:
6090:
6086:
6082:
6075:
6070:
6068:
6063:
6061:
6056:
6055:
6052:
6046:
6042:
6037:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6019:Rete mirabile
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6009:Vasa nervorum
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5979:
5978:
5977:Tunica intima
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5964:
5962:
5960:
5956:
5947:
5943:
5939:
5935:
5931:
5927:
5925:
5921:
5916:
5912:
5908:
5904:
5900:
5896:
5892:
5888:
5884:
5880:
5878:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5865:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5841:
5839:
5837:
5833:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5821:Venous plexus
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5796:Vena comitans
5794:
5793:
5791:
5789:
5785:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5753:
5751:
5750:
5748:
5746:
5742:
5736:
5733:
5729:
5726:
5725:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5715:
5713:
5711:
5707:
5704:
5700:
5696:
5692:
5685:
5680:
5678:
5673:
5671:
5666:
5665:
5662:
5646:
5643:
5642:
5640:
5638:
5634:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5606:
5603:
5602:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5577:
5575:
5573:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5560:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5523:
5522:
5519:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5506:
5505:
5502:
5501:
5499:
5495:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5461:
5459:
5455:
5449:
5446:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5431:Caput medusae
5429:
5428:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5418:
5416:
5414:
5410:
5404:
5401:
5397:
5394:
5393:
5392:
5389:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5376:
5375:
5372:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5344:
5343:
5340:
5336:
5333:
5332:
5331:
5328:
5327:
5325:
5323:
5318:
5314:
5308:
5305:
5304:
5302:
5300:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5287:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5259:
5255:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5219:
5215:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5146:
5145:
5141:
5138:
5137:
5135:
5133:
5128:
5124:
5120:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5094:Degos disease
5092:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5080:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5061:
5057:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5020:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5010:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4981:
4980:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4972:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4959:
4953:
4950:
4946:
4943:
4942:
4941:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4933:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4919:
4915:
4911:
4906:
4899:
4894:
4892:
4887:
4885:
4880:
4879:
4876:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4833:
4831:
4827:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4794:
4791:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4763:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4754:
4750:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4716:
4712:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4698:Biliary tract
4696:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4689:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4656:
4655:
4652:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4628:
4625:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4598:
4597:
4595:
4593:
4589:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4567:
4566:
4563:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4544:
4541:
4540:
4538:
4536:
4532:
4524:
4521:
4520:
4519:
4516:
4512:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4501:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4483:
4482:Mammary gland
4480:
4479:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4460:
4456:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4428:
4425:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4397:
4385:
4382:
4381:
4380:
4377:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4363:
4360:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4347:
4346:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4338:
4334:
4328:
4325:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4285:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4236:Fibrous joint
4234:
4233:
4231:
4229:
4225:
4219:
4216:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4102:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4089:
4085:
4081:
4080:Human systems
4074:
4069:
4067:
4062:
4060:
4055:
4054:
4051:
4044:
4040:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4018:
4014:
4010:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3993:
3992:
3982:
3976:
3972:
3967:
3966:
3945:
3940:
3936:
3932:
3928:
3921:
3914:
3910:
3906:
3900:
3892:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3851:
3844:
3839:
3831:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3780:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3749:(8): 1031â8.
3748:
3744:
3743:
3742:Dermatol Surg
3735:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3700:
3692:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3651:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3608:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3588:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3572:
3565:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3509:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3468:
3452:
3448:
3441:
3433:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3392:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3343:
3341:
3332:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3291:
3283:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3258:(4): 357â65.
3257:
3253:
3249:
3242:
3227:
3221:
3213:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3172:
3164:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3123:
3115:
3109:
3101:
3099:9781455706846
3095:
3091:
3084:
3076:
3070:
3062:
3060:9781455706846
3056:
3052:
3045:
3043:
3034:
3028:
3020:
3018:9781455706846
3014:
3010:
3003:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2969:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2934:
2926:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2895:Pharmacol Rev
2892:
2885:
2883:
2875:
2870:
2852:
2846:
2838:
2832:
2824:
2822:9780323523714
2818:
2814:
2807:
2799:
2795:
2788:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2753:
2738:
2734:
2728:
2720:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2695:(3): 147â56.
2694:
2690:
2686:
2679:
2671:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2630:
2622:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2581:
2579:
2562:
2558:
2552:
2550:
2534:
2530:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2506:
2500:
2492:
2490:9781416045748
2486:
2482:
2475:
2473:
2464:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2423:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2374:
2366:
2360:
2356:
2349:
2341:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2298:
2291:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2273:
2271:9780071222075
2267:
2263:
2262:Human anatomy
2256:
2254:
2252:
2245:, p. 41.
2244:
2239:
2232:
2227:
2225:
2217:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2198:
2193:
2191:
2182:
2176:
2168:
2166:9781496347213
2162:
2158:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2132:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2089:
2087:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2021:
2015:
2010:
2009:
2000:
1998:
1990:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1955:
1951:
1945:
1943:
1934:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1893:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1860:(4): 439â43.
1859:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1835:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1805:
1803:
1798:
1794:
1791:, a pupil of
1790:
1785:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1771:In addition,
1769:
1763:
1759:
1754:
1750:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1720:
1714:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1693:vein matching
1684:
1682:
1678:
1675:of veins. An
1674:
1671:in giving an
1670:
1667:to deliver a
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1610:Venous access
1606:
1599:Venous access
1596:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1421:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1353:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1326:sclerotherapy
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1301:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1249:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1225:
1223:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1183:
1181:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1082:
1077:
1070:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1005:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
986:
984:
980:
976:
968:
967:
966:
964:
960:
956:
952:
944:
943:
942:
940:
936:
932:
928:
927:vein of Galen
923:
921:
917:
913:
912:jugular veins
909:
908:jugular veins
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
873:
872:
871:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
840:
839:
838:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
795:cardiac veins
792:
784:
783:
782:
776:
772:
768:
764:
759:
750:
748:
744:
740:
739:great vessels
735:
732:
727:
725:
721:
717:
712:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
693:fibular veins
690:
686:
682:
678:
673:
669:
667:
666:regurgitation
657:
651:
646:
640:Venous valves
637:
635:
630:
628:
624:
620:
612:
611:
610:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
584:
583:
582:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
536:
535:
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
499:
492:
491:
490:
488:
484:
483:venous return
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
451:
449:
445:
438:
434:
431:Positions of
429:
425:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
402:
398:
388:
385:Veins of the
381:
373:
366:
351:
344:Venous system
341:
339:
338:visual cortex
335:
330:
327:
325:
321:
320:tunica intima
318:known as the
317:
313:
309:
308:smooth muscle
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
280:
271:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
240:smooth muscle
236:
234:
230:
225:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
186:blood vessels
181:
163:
152:
146:
142:
139:
136:
134:
130:
127:
124:
122:
118:
115:
111:
108:
106:
102:
99:
96:
94:
90:
87:
84:
82:
78:
73:
70:
67:
65:
61:
56:
51:
47:
46:smooth muscle
43:
37:
32:
27:
22:
7997:
7966:plantar arch
7836:
7774:
7744:
7689:
7647:
7601:
7542:left gastric
7519:appendicular
7504:middle colic
7273:
7243:
7209:Common iliac
7199:common iliac
7182:testicular â
7076:
6995:
6714:
6564:deep lingual
6518:supraorbital
6080:
6004:Vasa vasorum
5994:Tunica media
5959:Microanatomy
5906:
5787:
5728:Metarteriole
5694:
5572:Hypertension
5484:Venous ulcer
5390:
5373:
5341:
5329:
5299:Inflammation
5289:
5180:
5139:
5028:Hyperplastic
4989:Fatty streak
4932:Inflammation
4685:
4653:
4626:
4378:
4361:
4344:
4314:
4304:
4000:
3996:
3970:
3963:Bibliography
3948:. Retrieved
3934:
3930:
3920:
3904:
3899:
3864:
3860:
3850:
3838:
3793:
3789:
3779:
3746:
3740:
3734:
3709:
3705:
3699:
3664:
3660:
3650:
3617:
3613:
3607:
3574:
3570:
3564:
3531:
3527:
3481:
3477:
3467:
3455:. Retrieved
3450:
3440:
3405:
3401:
3391:
3356:
3352:
3304:
3300:
3290:
3255:
3251:
3241:
3229:. Retrieved
3226:"Phlebology"
3220:
3185:
3181:
3171:
3136:
3132:
3122:
3089:
3083:
3050:
3008:
3002:
2990:. Retrieved
2978:
2968:
2943:
2939:
2933:
2898:
2894:
2869:
2857:. Retrieved
2845:
2812:
2806:
2797:
2787:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2740:. Retrieved
2736:
2727:
2692:
2688:
2678:
2646:(1): 81â96.
2643:
2639:
2629:
2594:
2590:
2565:. Retrieved
2561:openstax.org
2560:
2536:. Retrieved
2532:
2480:
2436:
2433:Int J Angiol
2432:
2422:
2387:
2383:
2373:
2354:
2348:
2311:
2307:
2297:
2261:
2238:
2156:
2102:
2099:BMC Medicine
2098:
2074:the original
2045:
2041:
2028:
2007:
1957:. Retrieved
1953:
1906:
1902:
1892:
1857:
1853:
1796:
1786:
1780:
1773:Ibn al-Nafis
1770:
1766:
1761:
1735:
1730:Erasistratus
1716:
1690:
1651:
1608:
1605:Venipuncture
1592:
1583:or into the
1554:
1543:can lead to
1506:
1481:inflammation
1475:
1454:hepatic vein
1433:
1427:
1418:
1402:
1386:
1355:
1334:
1306:spider veins
1303:
1284:phlebologist
1279:
1268:inflammation
1261:
1226:
1221:
1219:
1206:
1195:
1176:
1137:
1128:prostacyclin
1112:nitric oxide
1108:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1064:Microanatomy
1031:
1021:metarteriole
1018:
1006:
987:
972:
948:
933:to form the
924:
877:
863:azygous vein
859:main bronchi
855:venous blood
844:
823:right atrium
799:heart muscle
788:
779:
746:
736:
728:
723:
719:
713:
700:
681:femoral vein
674:
670:
662:
631:
616:
603:spider veins
588:
540:
523:basal lamina
504:
474:
452:
441:
421:
414:right atrium
394:
331:
328:
312:tunica media
303:
285:
264:muscle pumps
255:
237:
226:
212:which carry
196:towards the
161:
160:
114:A12.3.00.001
110:A12.0.00.030
85:
7951:dorsal arch
7639:Superficial
7620:Subscapular
7509:right colic
7416:Portal vein
7364:vestibule â
6952:intercostal
6538:deep facial
6414:nasofrontal
6281:deep middle
6216:Superficial
5982:Endothelium
5967:Microvessel
5930:Right heart
5915:Right heart
5899:Capillaries
5761:Fenestrated
5745:Capillaries
5637:Hypotension
5181:head / neck
5033:Cholesterol
4923:capillaries
4853:Parathyroid
4553:Nasopharynx
4415:Spinal cord
4350:Bone marrow
4119:Collar bone
3796:(6): 2234.
3453:. WebMD LLC
3182:Geroscience
2946:(1): 4â18.
2048:(7): 1151.
1903:Blood Purif
1642:fluoroscopy
1503:Compression
1430:portal vein
1229:muscle pump
1207:capacitance
1198:right heart
1134:Development
1124:thromboxane
975:anastomosis
969:Anastomoses
699:called the
551:venae cavae
547:renal veins
515:micrometres
507:capillaries
433:venae cavae
316:endothelium
298:called the
75:Identifiers
50:endothelium
8004:Categories
7546:esophageal
7464:left colic
7449:pancreatic
7324:clitoris â
7253:iliolumbar
7244:posterior:
7163:suprarenal
6965:hemiazygos
6886:subclavian
6576:pharyngeal
6569:sublingual
6449:transverse
6312:Cerebellar
5946:Left heart
5895:Arterioles
5883:Left heart
5766:Sinusoidal
5756:Continuous
5553:Vasculitis
5543:Thrombosis
5504:Angiopathy
5448:Varicocele
5441:Hemorrhoid
5271:Halo nevus
5127:dissection
4918:arterioles
4632:Oropharynx
4372:Lymph node
4305:peripheral
4151:Metatarsus
4146:Metacarpus
4125:Thigh bone
4121:(clavicle)
3950:8 February
3913:1589011619
2979:StatPearls
2874:GRAYS 2016
2859:5 February
2290:GRAYS 2016
2243:GRAYS 2016
2231:GRAYS 2016
2216:GRAYS 2016
2197:GRAYS 2016
1989:GRAYS 2016
1959:29 January
1830:References
1744:physician
1722:Herophilus
1661:Venography
1653:Ultrasound
1638:ultrasound
1603:See also:
1529:iliac vein
1521:renal vein
1485:blood clot
1276:phlebology
1241:Neurogenic
1237:baroreflex
1202:left heart
1120:endothelin
961:, and the
833:, and the
817:, and the
683:, and the
627:metastasis
597:, and the
591:deep veins
577:along the
549:, and the
459:subclavian
348:See also:
304:adventitia
246:and wider
7867:popliteal
7841:human leg
7606:human arm
7514:ileocolic
7293:uterine â
7288:obturator
7274:anterior:
7178:ovarian â
7108:subcostal
7018:posterior
6947:bronchial
6881:vertebral
6837:vena cava
6624:occipital
6616:Vertebral
6404:ethmoidal
6370:occipital
6248:(Trolard)
6114:maxillary
5924:Pulmonary
5911:Vena cava
5806:Deep vein
5723:Arteriole
5307:Phlebitis
5048:Trans fat
4984:Foam cell
4940:Arteritis
4907:(vessels)
4838:Pituitary
4687:accessory
4642:Esophagus
4362:secondary
4274:Diaphragm
4218:Cartilage
4166:Phalanges
3642:261366559
3599:221199574
3231:9 January
3108:cite book
3069:cite book
3027:cite book
2831:cite book
2499:cite book
2175:cite book
1804:in 1661.
1787:Finally,
1777:capillary
1626:apheresis
1565:birthmark
1477:Phlebitis
1472:Phlebitis
1450:cirrhosis
1375:known as
1367:known as
1365:deep vein
861:into the
527:pericytes
274:Structure
206:pulmonary
7931:clitoris
7764:Brachial
7657:Cephalic
7625:Axillary
7333:labial â
7217:Unpaired
7125:Systemic
7023:anterior
7006:internal
7001:external
6891:axillary
6835:superior
6483:condylar
6358:straight
6325:inferior
6320:superior
6271:internal
6235:inferior
6225:superior
6207:Cerebral
5891:Arteries
5877:Systemic
5710:Arteries
5691:Arteries
5521:Embolism
5123:Aneurysm
5060:Stenosis
4994:Atheroma
4945:Aortitis
4914:Arteries
4818:Placenta
4781:Testicle
4776:Prostate
4703:Pancreas
4664:Appendix
4654:lower GI
4627:upper GI
4575:Bronchus
4518:Lymphoid
4201:Vertebra
4156:Ossicles
4141:Mandible
4017:19332359
3891:18845773
3830:35336406
3763:16918565
3726:29502767
3691:28260355
3634:34105926
3591:32815867
3556:30865392
3548:20679788
3508:28955111
3457:13 March
3451:Medscape
3432:29478266
3375:25903684
3331:28446351
3282:19715556
3274:16822286
3212:34762274
3163:34591328
2992:22 March
2987:32310425
2960:22112350
2925:27037223
2779:32426851
2742:16 March
2719:21326687
2670:35034895
2621:22922986
2567:17 March
2538:11 March
2463:30410288
2414:26283261
2340:28123974
2131:24344742
2070:21085227
1933:31851980
1884:21740424
1808:See also
1781:manafidh
1665:catheter
1622:dialysis
1361:thrombus
1280:venology
1264:thrombus
1233:Fainting
1222:exchange
1186:Function
1152:placenta
1148:yolk sac
1096:collagen
884:cerebrum
406:superior
397:systemic
324:systolic
268:contract
260:backflow
252:capacity
222:arteries
7886:fibular
7857:femoral
7839:of the
7674:Basilic
7613:General
7604:of the
7494:jejunal
7431:Splenic
7305:vesical
7173:gonadal
7146:hepatic
7081:abdomen
7079:of the
6876:supreme
6717:of the
6554:lingual
6523:angular
6513:frontal
6445:sigmoid
6335:Sinuses
6291:choroid
6242:(Labbé)
6194:Diploic
6083:of the
5903:Venules
5702:Vessels
5342:abdomen
5023:Hyaline
4858:Adrenal
4848:Thyroid
4766:Scrotum
4743:Urethra
4738:Bladder
4647:Stomach
4570:Trachea
4506:Myeloid
4345:primary
4211:Sternum
4161:Patella
4136:Humerus
4127:(femur)
4043:YouTube
4038:lecture
3882:2612469
3821:8949429
3798:Bibcode
3790:Sensors
3771:8872471
3682:5381851
3499:5615389
3423:6953389
3383:5276848
3322:5415909
3203:8602591
3154:8483065
2916:4819215
2710:3036282
2661:9307074
2612:3578722
2454:6221802
2405:4743455
2331:5220199
2122:3866257
2105:: 260.
2050:Bibcode
1924:7114900
1875:3196749
1707:History
1648:Imaging
1567:, or a
1497:embolus
1479:is the
1440:to the
1390:embolus
1379:(SVT).
1324:, foam
878:In the
845:In the
789:In the
775:kidneys
567:abdomen
493:Venules
463:femoral
444:venules
292:tunicae
288:venules
229:venules
188:in the
98:D014680
58:Details
7754:Radial
7537:cystic
7530:Direct
7421:Portal
7194:lumbar
7096:system
7094:azygos
7085:pelvis
7013:spinal
6934:Azygos
6731:Thorax
6719:thorax
6669:thymic
6650:Direct
6547:Direct
6501:Facial
6296:septal
6142:Direct
5826:Venule
5752:Types
4843:Pineal
4803:Vagina
4798:Uterus
4793:Female
4733:Ureter
4728:Kidney
4674:Rectum
4610:Tongue
4558:Larynx
4477:Breast
4449:Tissue
4367:Spleen
4355:Thymus
4310:Artery
4269:Tendon
4264:Muscle
4228:Joints
4206:Pelvis
4181:Tarsus
4171:Radius
4131:Fibula
4114:Carpus
4084:organs
4015:
3977:
3911:
3889:
3879:
3828:
3818:
3769:
3761:
3724:
3689:
3679:
3640:
3632:
3597:
3589:
3554:
3546:
3506:
3496:
3430:
3420:
3381:
3373:
3329:
3319:
3280:
3272:
3210:
3200:
3161:
3151:
3096:
3057:
3015:
2985:
2958:
2923:
2913:
2819:
2777:
2717:
2707:
2668:
2658:
2619:
2609:
2487:
2461:
2451:
2412:
2402:
2361:
2338:
2328:
2268:
2163:
2129:
2119:
2068:
2016:
1931:
1921:
1882:
1872:
1854:J Anat
1740:, the
1699:, and
1523:, and
1278:(also
1272:Ageing
1170:, and
1122:, and
853:drain
813:, the
809:, the
805:, the
773:, and
687:; the
593:, the
555:atrium
545:, and
418:lumens
184:) are
64:System
8010:Veins
7876:deep
7849:thigh
7837:Veins
7759:Ulnar
7602:Veins
7499:ileal
7168:renal
7077:Veins
6818:Lungs
6740:Heart
6715:Veins
6276:basal
6266:great
6198:brain
6081:Veins
5938:Lungs
5907:Veins
5887:Aorta
5849:Lymph
5836:Lymph
5788:Veins
5695:veins
5457:Other
5290:Veins
5140:torso
5082:Other
4813:Ovary
4808:Vulva
4771:Penis
4693:Liver
4669:Colon
4620:Tooth
4600:Mouth
4565:Lower
4543:Upper
4420:Nerve
4410:Brain
4327:Heart
4186:Tibia
4176:Skull
3767:S2CID
3638:S2CID
3595:S2CID
3552:S2CID
3379:S2CID
3278:S2CID
2854:(PDF)
2851:"AVM"
2077:(PDF)
2038:(PDF)
1746:Galen
1742:Greek
1726:pulse
1673:X-ray
1563:or a
1442:liver
1330:laser
1054:hands
1028:Other
998:brain
771:liver
767:lungs
579:spine
473:, or
198:heart
194:blood
162:Veins
149:[
138:50723
81:Latin
7943:foot
7745:arm:
7736:Deep
7648:arm:
7083:and
6721:and
6257:Deep
6089:neck
6087:and
6085:head
5693:and
5391:head
4921:and
4761:Male
4679:Anus
4580:Lung
4548:Nose
4496:and
4467:Skin
4315:Vein
4191:Ulna
4109:Bone
4082:and
4013:PMID
3975:ISBN
3952:2023
3909:ISBN
3887:PMID
3826:PMID
3759:PMID
3722:PMID
3687:PMID
3630:PMID
3587:PMID
3544:PMID
3504:PMID
3459:2023
3428:PMID
3406:2018
3371:PMID
3327:PMID
3270:PMID
3233:2023
3208:PMID
3159:PMID
3137:2021
3114:link
3094:ISBN
3075:link
3055:ISBN
3033:link
3013:ISBN
2994:2023
2983:PMID
2956:PMID
2921:PMID
2861:2023
2837:link
2817:ISBN
2775:PMID
2744:2023
2715:PMID
2666:PMID
2617:PMID
2569:2023
2540:2023
2505:link
2485:ISBN
2459:PMID
2410:PMID
2359:ISBN
2336:PMID
2266:ISBN
2181:link
2161:ISBN
2127:PMID
2066:PMID
2014:ISBN
1961:2023
1929:PMID
1880:PMID
1738:Rome
1717:The
1640:and
1632:, a
1428:The
1243:and
1138:The
1094:and
1058:feet
1056:and
465:and
408:and
399:and
242:and
208:and
126:3904
105:TA98
93:MeSH
86:vena
29:Vein
7878:leg
7120:IVC
7092:To
6437:IJV
6435:To
6379:To
6345:COS
6343:To
5944:â (
5913:â (
5038:LDL
4615:Lip
4437:Eye
4432:Ear
4196:Rib
4041:on
4005:doi
4001:134
3939:doi
3877:PMC
3869:doi
3865:105
3816:PMC
3806:doi
3751:doi
3714:doi
3677:PMC
3669:doi
3622:doi
3579:doi
3536:doi
3532:126
3494:PMC
3486:doi
3418:PMC
3410:doi
3361:doi
3317:PMC
3309:doi
3305:114
3260:doi
3256:134
3198:PMC
3190:doi
3149:PMC
3141:doi
2948:doi
2911:PMC
2903:doi
2767:doi
2705:PMC
2697:doi
2656:PMC
2648:doi
2607:PMC
2599:doi
2449:PMC
2441:doi
2400:PMC
2392:doi
2326:PMC
2316:doi
2117:PMC
2107:doi
2058:doi
1919:PMC
1911:doi
1870:PMC
1862:doi
1858:219
1760:'s
1624:or
1308:or
973:An
302:or
133:FMA
121:TA2
8006::
6447::
6381:CS
5940:â
5936:â
5932:â
5909:â
5905:â
5901:â
5897:â
5893:â
5889:â
5885:â
5142::
5125:/
4916:,
4035:A
4011:.
3999:.
3935:29
3933:.
3929:.
3885:.
3875:.
3863:.
3859:.
3824:.
3814:.
3804:.
3794:22
3792:.
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