686:
698:
229:
710:
146:
650:
193:
241:
662:
674:
913:
256:
217:
177:
135:
160:
26:
1169:
772:. New York: Octagon Books, 1975. (Reprint by special arrangement with Yale University Press. Originally published at New Haven: Yale University Press, 1928), p. 574; the Tripartite Convention (United States, Germany, Great Britain) was signed at Washington on 2 December 1899 with ratifications exchanged on 16 February 1900
551:
on 1 April was a defeat for the expeditionary forces. They retreated back to Apia and reported their casualties to their commanders, who decided to plan for future operations in the area. On April 13, the
British frontline was extended just south of Vailele, and that day the Matafaans attacked, but
505:
At the end of March, a joint expedition of
British, U.S., and Samoan forces marched along the coast from Apia towards Vailele. Skirmishes were fought and two villages destroyed as the Samoan rebels retreated. On April 1, the expedition of 26 marines, 88 sailors and 136 Samoans left the coast for an
697:
501:
began bombarding enemy positions around the city. After the conflict, Mataafaite forces retreated to the stronghold of
Vailele and thus began several U.S. and British expeditions into the dense jungle to find the chief's men.
685:
406:
At the war's conclusion in 1899, the United States were granted the eastern section of the islands, the
Germans were granted the western section of the islands, and the British were given the northern
245:
1564:
649:
311:
556:
again within
Vailele. The rebels won again when they withstood a British-led attack on the two forts. The engagements occurred near the battlefield where Samoan rebels had
553:
361:
836:
673:
345:
337:
304:
709:
576:
took place on 25 April, when a small force of
Samoans attacked a patrol of U.S. Marines, but were driven off without inflicting any casualties.
1669:
1664:
1589:
297:
1644:
1639:
1194:
388:
240:
165:
661:
1609:
1614:
1594:
1649:
1027:
1654:
1569:
829:
1554:
1065:
124:
1659:
1013:
1118:
1020:
497:; when the naval forces landed they occupied much of the city, Mataafan forces attacked, so British and U.S. warships in
1321:
822:
1214:
1158:
1153:
750:
1549:
1224:
1634:
1629:
1604:
930:
1574:
1331:
1303:
1559:
1316:
1204:
580:
1370:
912:
1288:
1143:
1133:
1058:
1006:
703:
Samoans, Americans and
Britons holding a ceremony while erecting a monument on Mulinuu Peninsula, 1902.
735:
1396:
1485:
888:
630:
548:
353:
781:
Mains, P. John; McCarty, Louis
Philippe (1906). The Statistician and Economist: Volume 23. pg. 249
1584:
1326:
1229:
1209:
557:
102:
139:
1624:
1619:
1433:
845:
510:
1579:
1438:
1423:
1413:
1408:
1270:
1189:
1123:
1051:
635:
615:
573:
506:
attack on the landward side of
Vailele, leaving the protection of naval gunfire support. The
443:
369:
221:
81:
655:
Tivoli Hotel in 1896, used as the command post for
American force during the battle at Apia.
1470:
1362:
1293:
1091:
426:. The U.S. half still remains under the control of the U.S. government as the territory of
743:
The Naturalist and his "Beautiful Islands": Charles Morris Woodford in the Western Pacific
8:
1599:
878:
569:
534:
524:
415:
873:
1382:
1275:
1199:
1177:
860:
610:
544:
was sent ahead of the expedition to bombard the two forts guarding Vailele plantation.
517:
483:
471:
455:
260:
181:
422:
that had formerly belonged to Germany. The German half is now an independent nation ā
1490:
1465:
1308:
1298:
1253:
1106:
953:
746:
490:
in support of Laupepa's son Malietoa Tanumafili I against the German-backed Mataafa.
419:
1519:
1357:
1345:
1265:
1138:
1096:
1083:
961:
600:
565:
561:
467:
1500:
1480:
1460:
1449:
1418:
943:
868:
411:
407:
691:
German flag raising ceremony commemorating the creation of German Samoa in 1900.
1528:
1495:
1475:
1428:
1234:
679:
Samoan warriors and American servicemen during the Siege of Apia in March 1899.
584:
451:
427:
90:
31:
Map featuring the locations of battles in which British and U.S. forces fought.
1543:
1455:
1219:
1168:
1101:
979:
938:
625:
605:
494:
493:
The first battle of the conflict involving the British and Americans was the
447:
400:
396:
392:
384:
329:
228:
198:
151:
65:
814:
1148:
1128:
971:
620:
588:
498:
475:
233:
96:
1280:
289:
25:
896:
479:
474:
returned from exile and was elected to power by a council of Samoan
1239:
531:
1443:
1043:
507:
1074:
439:
423:
395:
were locked in dispute over who should have control over the
61:
57:
770:
The Foreign Policy of the United States in Relation to Samoa
487:
101:
Britain withdraws claim in exchange for concessions in the
53:
736:"Chapter 5 Liberalism, Imperialism and colonial expansion"
1375:
1565:
Civil wars involving the states and peoples of Oceania
667:
United States Marines and a naval gun in Upolu, 1899.
764:
762:
1541:
383:was a conflict that reached a head in 1898 when
156:
107:Mata'afa Iosefo becomes paramount chief of Samoa
759:
583:, in the partition of the Samoan Islands into
572:to commemorate the young officer's bravery. A
1059:
844:
830:
305:
454:. These forces fought against the rebels of
285:1898ā1899 war between the US, UK and Germany
319:
1066:
1052:
837:
823:
312:
298:
189:
734:Lawrence, David Russell (October 2014).
733:
552:were repulsed. Another expedition later
1542:
86:Partitioning of the Samoan archipelago
1047:
818:
579:The war eventually resulted, via the
446:and supporting naval forces from the
293:
1007:South-West Africa Campaign (1914ā15)
715:Mata'afa Iosefo and followers, 1902.
1590:1890s in the German colonial empire
727:
13:
1645:1899 in the German colonial empire
1640:1898 in the German colonial empire
1073:
564:on the island. A statue of Ensign
14:
1681:
1610:Wars involving the United Kingdom
560:German troops in 1888 during the
458:, who were supported by Germany.
1670:GermanyāUnited Kingdom relations
1615:Wars involving the United States
1595:Wars involving the German Empire
1167:
911:
708:
696:
684:
672:
660:
648:
540:landed the sailors and marines,
254:
239:
227:
215:
191:
175:
158:
144:
133:
24:
1665:GermanyāUnited States relations
1650:19th-century military alliances
1021:East African Campaign (1914ā18)
1655:German colonisation in Oceania
1570:Civil wars of the 19th century
1014:West Africa Campaign (1914ā16)
802:
793:
784:
775:
1:
1555:History of the Samoan Islands
720:
581:Tripartite Convention of 1899
433:
399:chain, located in the South
7:
594:
478:. In response, the British
10:
1686:
1195:Cities, towns and villages
1159:2021 constitutional crisis
1028:Pacific Campaign (1914ā19)
745:. ANU Press. p. 168.
641:
461:
1513:
1404:
1395:
1353:
1344:
1261:
1252:
1185:
1176:
1165:
1082:
1001:
997:
970:
952:
929:
922:
907:
887:
859:
852:
846:German colonial conflicts
327:
266:
205:
117:
36:
23:
18:
889:German South West Africa
549:Second Battle of Vailele
1660:GermanyāSamoa relations
1550:Second Samoan Civil War
768:Ryden, George Herbert.
381:Second Samoan Civil War
321:Second Samoan Civil War
89:United States acquires
19:Second Samoan Civil War
1635:1899 in American Samoa
1630:1898 in American Samoa
1605:Wars involving Germany
1134:New Zealand occupation
601:First Samoan Civil War
206:Commanders and leaders
1575:Coup-based civil wars
1332:Deputy Prime Minister
1124:Tripartite Convention
636:Second Battle of Apia
616:Malietoa Tanumafili I
574:second battle in Apia
444:Malietoa Tanumafili I
275:127 killed or wounded
267:Casualties and losses
82:Tripartite Convention
1560:Wars involving Samoa
1363:Western Samoan pound
438:The allies were the
272:24 killed or wounded
1240:Silisili (mountain)
879:Maji Maji rebellion
570:Spokane, Washington
1371:Telecommunications
1215:Samoan plant names
1119:Colonial governors
931:Shantung Peninsula
923:Asia & Pacific
861:German East Africa
1537:
1536:
1509:
1508:
1391:
1390:
1340:
1339:
1322:Political parties
1310:O le Ao o le Malo
1289:Foreign relations
1248:
1247:
1107:1889 Apia cyclone
1041:
1040:
1037:
1036:
993:
992:
954:German New Guinea
905:
904:
631:Battle of Vailele
486:landed forces at
420:Shortland Islands
376:
375:
281:
280:
113:
112:
95:Germany acquires
1677:
1522:
1402:
1401:
1351:
1350:
1284:(chiefly system)
1259:
1258:
1183:
1182:
1171:
1114:Second Civil War
1068:
1061:
1054:
1045:
1044:
999:
998:
985:Samoan Civil War
962:Sokehs rebellion
927:
926:
915:
857:
856:
839:
832:
825:
816:
815:
809:
806:
800:
797:
791:
788:
782:
779:
773:
766:
757:
756:
740:
731:
712:
700:
688:
676:
664:
652:
566:John R. Monaghan
468:Malietoa Laupepa
322:
314:
307:
300:
291:
290:
259:
258:
257:
244:
243:
232:
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220:
219:
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197:
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180:
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168:
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150:
148:
147:
138:
137:
136:
38:
37:
28:
16:
15:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1674:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1525:
1518:
1505:
1486:Public holidays
1387:
1358:TÄlÄ (currency)
1336:
1312:(head of state)
1294:Law enforcement
1244:
1225:Protected areas
1172:
1163:
1154:2009 earthquake
1144:Trust Territory
1097:First Civil War
1078:
1072:
1042:
1033:
989:
966:
948:
944:Jietou incident
918:
901:
883:
869:Abushiri revolt
848:
843:
813:
812:
807:
803:
798:
794:
789:
785:
780:
776:
767:
760:
753:
738:
732:
728:
723:
716:
713:
704:
701:
692:
689:
680:
677:
668:
665:
656:
653:
644:
611:Mata'afa Iosefo
597:
568:was erected in
562:first civil war
472:Mata'afa Iosefo
464:
456:Mata'afa Iosefo
436:
408:Solomon Islands
377:
372:
323:
320:
318:
286:
277:2 forts damaged
276:
261:Mata'afa Iosefo
255:
253:
250:
238:
226:
216:
214:
192:
190:
188:
184:
176:
174:
171:
159:
157:
145:
143:
142:
134:
132:
103:Solomon Islands
68:
29:
12:
11:
5:
1683:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1585:1890s in Samoa
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
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1532:
1531:
1524:
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1503:
1498:
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1378:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1354:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1327:Prime Minister
1324:
1319:
1314:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1262:
1256:
1250:
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1246:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1235:Samoan Islands
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1186:
1180:
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1080:
1079:
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1038:
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1034:
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908:
906:
903:
902:
900:
899:
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891:
885:
884:
882:
881:
876:
874:HeHe rebellion
871:
865:
863:
854:
850:
849:
842:
841:
834:
827:
819:
811:
810:
801:
792:
783:
774:
758:
751:
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724:
722:
719:
718:
717:
714:
707:
705:
702:
695:
693:
690:
683:
681:
678:
671:
669:
666:
659:
657:
654:
647:
643:
640:
639:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
596:
593:
585:American Samoa
463:
460:
452:United Kingdom
435:
432:
428:American Samoa
389:United Kingdom
374:
373:
328:
325:
324:
317:
316:
309:
302:
294:
284:
279:
278:
273:
269:
268:
264:
263:
251:
249:
248:
236:
224:
211:
208:
207:
203:
202:
172:
170:
169:
166:United Kingdom
154:
129:
120:
119:
115:
114:
111:
110:
109:
108:
105:
99:
93:
91:American Samoa
87:
84:
74:
70:
69:
52:
50:
46:
45:
42:
34:
33:
21:
20:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1682:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1625:1899 in Samoa
1623:
1621:
1620:1898 in Samoa
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1502:
1501:Ź»Ava ceremony
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
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1457:
1454:
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1440:
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1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
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1417:
1415:
1412:
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1407:
1406:
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1400:
1398:
1394:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1374:
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1364:
1361:
1360:
1359:
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1343:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
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1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1069:
1064:
1062:
1057:
1055:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1003:
1000:
996:
986:
983:
981:
980:Samoan Crisis
978:
977:
975:
973:
969:
963:
960:
959:
957:
955:
951:
945:
942:
940:
939:Juye incident
937:
936:
934:
932:
928:
925:
921:
914:
910:
909:
898:
895:
894:
892:
890:
886:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
866:
864:
862:
858:
855:
851:
847:
840:
835:
833:
828:
826:
821:
820:
817:
808:Mains, pg. 24
805:
799:Mains, pg. 24
796:
790:Mains, pg. 24
787:
778:
771:
765:
763:
754:
752:9781925022032
748:
744:
737:
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726:
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706:
699:
694:
687:
682:
675:
670:
663:
658:
651:
646:
645:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
626:Siege of Apia
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
606:Samoan crisis
604:
602:
599:
598:
592:
590:
586:
582:
577:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
550:
545:
543:
539:
538:
533:
529:
528:
522:
521:
515:
514:
509:
503:
500:
496:
495:Siege of Apia
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
466:As result of
459:
457:
453:
449:
448:United States
445:
442:followers of
441:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
404:
402:
401:Pacific Ocean
398:
397:Samoan island
394:
393:United States
390:
386:
382:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
326:
315:
310:
308:
303:
301:
296:
295:
292:
288:
283:
274:
271:
270:
265:
262:
252:
247:
246:Leslie Stuart
242:
237:
235:
230:
225:
223:
213:
212:
210:
209:
204:
200:
187:
186:Supported by:
183:
173:
167:
155:
153:
152:United States
141:
131:
130:
128:
126:
122:
121:
116:
106:
104:
100:
98:
94:
92:
88:
85:
83:
80:
79:
78:
75:
72:
71:
67:
66:Pacific Ocean
63:
59:
55:
51:
48:
47:
43:
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1414:Architecture
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1271:Constitution
1149:Independence
1139:World War II
1129:German Samoa
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1471:LGBT rights
1205:Earthquakes
1092:Archaeology
897:Herero Wars
362:3rd Vailele
354:2nd Vailele
1600:Proxy wars
1544:Categories
1466:Literature
1450:FaŹ»a SÄmoa
1365:(historic)
1317:Parliament
1304:Ministries
721:References
480:Royal Navy
470:'s death,
434:Combatants
391:, and the
1444:Ethnicity
1383:Transport
1282:FaŹ»amatai
1276:Elections
1200:Districts
1178:Geography
525:HMS
511:USS
484:U.S. Navy
182:Mataafans
44:1898ā1899
1529:Category
1491:Religion
1481:Proverbs
1461:Language
1299:Military
1254:Politics
595:See also
558:defeated
542:Royalist
537:Royalist
532:corvette
530:and the
527:Porpoise
520:Tauranga
508:cruisers
482:and the
450:and the
418:and the
412:Choiseul
370:2nd Apia
49:Location
1520:Outline
1429:Culture
1397:Society
1346:Economy
1266:Cabinet
1220:Hotspot
1084:History
642:Gallery
462:History
385:Germany
199:Germany
1496:Sports
1419:Cinema
1409:Anthem
1230:Rivers
1102:Crisis
853:Africa
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440:Samoan
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125:Allies
73:Result
1476:Music
1434:Dance
1210:Fauna
1075:Samoa
739:(PDF)
424:Samoa
140:Samoa
62:Samoa
58:Upolu
1456:Flag
1190:Bays
747:ISBN
587:and
547:The
535:HMS
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488:Apia
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330:Apia
54:Apia
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