705:
463:-required pass books which restricted them from going in certain areas. Although the crowd was peaceful throughout the day, over 70 white officers and men of the South African Police (SAP), thirteen of them armed with sub machine guns, fired at point blank range (a distance of three to five meters at most )according to police testimony). They had been ordered to fire by the Officer in Charge. According to official figures released at the time by Prime Minister Henrik Verwoerd's government, 69 Africans were killed and 180 wounded by the police. All of these people were long term residents of Sharpeville. None were "migrant workers."
45:
75:
467:
created in 1960, 1961, and 1962, the two authors now show that the number of killed on 21 March 1960 was at least 91 and probably more, and that the number injured, many of them crippled for life, was at least 238. These same records also contain at least 250 witness statements collected from
Sharpville residents in 1961 and 1962, all of them given under oath and attested to by the police at the time. The names and ages of all the victims are recorded in this new book by Nancy L. Clark and William H. Worger.
82:
52:
430:"Top Location". The building of the houses only started in 1942. A sub-economic housing scheme was used for Sharpeville. Water was free but 14 houses shared one tap and there were two bathing complexes in the township. By 1946 some of the houses had their own taps and bathrooms. The township was first called "Sharpe Native Township" but it changed to Sharpeville in the 1950s.
429:
for comfort. Because the project was intended only to relocate residents of "Top
Location", and not to house additional people, it did not alleviate the housing shortage. What was planned as a five-year resettlement project beginning in 1935, in fact, took 20 years. In 1941, 16,000 people lived in
466:
A new book published in 2024 and based on extensive research in police documents held by the South
African National Archives in Pretoria has now demonstrated that the "69 killed and 180 injured" was a severe undercount and was in fact a police lie. Using these police documents that were initially
447:
to
Roshnee. The Indians were the last ethnic group to leave "Top Location", the last residents being moved to Roshnee in 1974. In 2004, the people of Top Location were compensated for the loss of their properties and land, and an amount of R60,000 per house was paid to all former residents or
438:
With the implementation of the apartheid government's Group Areas Act 21 of 1950, it was estimated that over 3.5 million South
Africans were forcibly removed from 1960 to 1982. Of the "Top Location" residents, Blacks were moved to Sharpeville,
486:
425:
The main reason for the establishment of
Sharpeville was the relocation of people from "Top Location" to an area away from Vereeniging because it was felt black people were too close to
803:
485:
in
Sharpeville on 10 December 1996. He also opened "The Sharpeville Memorial" to honour the victims of the Sharpeville massacre of 1960. 21 March is now celebrated as
610:
418:. It was named after John Lillie Sharpe who came to South Africa from Glasgow, Scotland, as secretary of Stewarts & Lloyds. Sharpe was elected to the
107:
808:
704:
470:
Sharpeville was also the site of a murder in 1984 which led to the arrest, trial, and controversial death sentences (later commuted) of the
603:
74:
44:
596:
588:
351:
564:
620:
162:
798:
219:
644:
343:
172:
716:
482:
759:
749:
456:
395:
618:
583:
793:
452:
444:
241:
17:
8:
767:
692:
256:
245:
729:
687:
560:
459:) organized a protest in which black Africans attempted to hand in to police their
537:
471:
364:
316:
772:
724:
677:
478:
399:
294:
283:
274:
787:
415:
305:
122:
109:
411:
142:
744:
682:
635:
502:
426:
419:
403:
422:
City
Council in 1932 and held the position of mayor from 1934 to 1937.
739:
657:
652:
506:
460:
440:
334:
230:
734:
667:
510:
624:
407:
152:
662:
498:
339:
16:
This article is about the township. For the 1960 uprising, see
379:
557:
Voices of
Sharpeville: The Long History of Racial Injustice
414:. Sharpeville is one of the oldest of six townships in the
804:
Populated places in the
Emfuleni Local Municipality
433:
785:
398:situated between two large industrial cities,
604:
532:
530:
528:
526:
81:
51:
611:
597:
523:
492:
786:
592:
809:Populated places established in 1942
509:, Small Farms, Golden Gardens, and
187:4.99 km (1.93 sq mi)
13:
703:
619:Municipalities and communities of
14:
820:
577:
554:
80:
73:
50:
43:
497:Neighbouring townships include
621:Sedibeng District Municipality
548:
434:Place in South African history
25:Place in Gauteng, South Africa
1:
516:
708:Sedibeng within South Africa
208:7,500/km (20,000/sq mi)
7:
10:
825:
483:South African Constitution
15:
758:
715:
701:
643:
631:
380:http://sharpeville.co.za/
375:
363:
350:
333:
325:
314:
303:
292:
281:
273:
265:
254:
239:
228:
217:
212:
204:
196:
191:
183:
178:
168:
158:
148:
138:
103:
37:
30:
538:"Main Place Sharpeville"
94:Show map of South Africa
457:Pan Africanist Congress
455:occurred when the PAC (
709:
493:Neighbouring townships
707:
451:On 21 March 1960 the
123:26.68861°S 27.87139°E
799:Townships in Gauteng
453:Sharpeville massacre
443:to Rus-ter-vaal and
213:Racial makeup (2011)
205: • Density
18:Sharpeville massacre
693:Three Rivers Proper
128:-26.68861; 27.87139
119: /
88:Sharpeville, Mabaso
64:Show map of Gauteng
58:Sharpeville, Mabaso
32:Sharpeville, Mabaso
710:
559:. Routledge 2024.
326: • Other
266: • Other
197: • Total
184: • Total
781:
780:
688:Three Rivers East
385:
384:
816:
613:
606:
599:
590:
589:
571:
570:
555:Clark, Nancy L.
552:
546:
545:
534:
487:Human Rights Day
134:
133:
131:
130:
129:
124:
120:
117:
116:
115:
112:
95:
84:
83:
77:
65:
54:
53:
47:
28:
27:
824:
823:
819:
818:
817:
815:
814:
813:
784:
783:
782:
777:
754:
711:
699:
639:
633:District seat:
627:
617:
580:
575:
574:
567:
553:
549:
536:
535:
524:
519:
495:
472:Sharpeville Six
436:
371:
359:
275:First languages
127:
125:
121:
118:
113:
110:
108:
106:
105:
99:
98:
97:
96:
93:
92:
91:
90:
89:
85:
68:
67:
66:
63:
62:
61:
60:
59:
55:
33:
26:
21:
12:
11:
5:
822:
812:
811:
806:
801:
796:
779:
778:
776:
775:
770:
764:
762:
756:
755:
753:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
725:Henley on Klip
721:
719:
713:
712:
702:
700:
698:
697:
696:
695:
690:
680:
678:Vanderbijlpark
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
649:
647:
641:
640:
632:
629:
628:
616:
615:
608:
601:
593:
587:
586:
579:
578:External links
576:
573:
572:
565:
547:
521:
520:
518:
515:
494:
491:
479:Nelson Mandela
477:Symbolically,
435:
432:
406:, in southern
400:Vanderbijlpark
390:(also spelled
383:
382:
377:
373:
372:
369:
367:
361:
360:
357:
355:
348:
347:
337:
331:
330:
327:
323:
322:
319:
312:
311:
308:
301:
300:
297:
290:
289:
286:
279:
278:
271:
270:
267:
263:
262:
259:
252:
251:
248:
237:
236:
233:
226:
225:
222:
215:
214:
210:
209:
206:
202:
201:
198:
194:
193:
189:
188:
185:
181:
180:
176:
175:
170:
166:
165:
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
101:
100:
87:
86:
79:
78:
72:
71:
70:
69:
57:
56:
49:
48:
42:
41:
40:
39:
38:
35:
34:
31:
24:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
821:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
791:
789:
774:
771:
769:
766:
765:
763:
761:
757:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
722:
720:
718:
714:
706:
694:
691:
689:
686:
685:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
650:
648:
646:
642:
638:
637:
630:
626:
622:
614:
609:
607:
602:
600:
595:
594:
591:
585:
582:
581:
568:
566:9781032191300
562:
558:
551:
543:
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531:
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514:
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484:
480:
475:
473:
468:
464:
462:
458:
454:
449:
446:
442:
431:
428:
423:
421:
417:
416:Vaal Triangle
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
381:
378:
374:
368:
366:
362:
356:
353:
349:
345:
341:
338:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
318:
315: •
313:
309:
307:
304: •
302:
298:
296:
293: •
291:
287:
285:
282: •
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
258:
255: •
253:
249:
247:
243:
240: •
238:
234:
232:
229: •
227:
223:
221:
220:Black African
218: •
216:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
190:
186:
182:
177:
174:
171:
167:
164:
161:
157:
154:
151:
147:
144:
141:
137:
132:
104:Coordinates:
102:
76:
46:
36:
29:
23:
19:
672:
634:
556:
550:
541:
496:
476:
469:
465:
450:
448:dependants.
437:
424:
412:South Africa
391:
387:
386:
169:Municipality
143:South Africa
22:
794:Sharpeville
750:Walkerville
745:Vaal Marina
683:Vereeniging
673:Sharpeville
636:Vereeniging
584:Sharpeville
542:Census 2011
503:Orange Farm
481:signed the
427:Vereeniging
420:Vereeniging
404:Vereeniging
388:Sharpeville
352:Postal code
126: /
788:Categories
768:Heidelberg
517:References
392:Sharpville
192:Population
114:27°52′17″E
111:26°41′19″S
740:Risiville
658:Bophelong
653:Boipatong
507:Bophelong
461:Apartheid
441:Coloureds
335:Time zone
735:Randvaal
730:Meyerton
668:Sebokeng
645:Emfuleni
511:Sebokeng
396:township
354:(street)
231:Coloured
173:Emfuleni
163:Sedibeng
159:District
149:Province
717:Midvaal
625:Gauteng
445:Indians
408:Gauteng
394:) is a
376:Website
153:Gauteng
139:Country
760:Lesedi
663:Evaton
563:
499:Evaton
365:PO box
317:Tswana
277:(2011)
242:Indian
200:37,599
773:Devon
340:UTC+2
295:Xhosa
288:76.4%
284:Sotho
257:White
246:Asian
224:99.5%
561:ISBN
402:and
370:1933
358:1928
344:SAST
329:7.3%
321:3.1%
310:6.5%
306:Zulu
299:6.8%
269:0.2%
250:0.1%
235:0.2%
179:Area
790::
623:,
540:.
525:^
513:.
505:,
501:,
489:.
474:.
410:,
261:0%
612:e
605:t
598:v
569:.
544:.
346:)
342:(
244:/
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
