M4 Sherman - Knowledge

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the front of the M4's turret for the main gun was covered by a rounded 50.8 mm (2.00 in) thick rotor shield. Early Shermans that had a periscopic sight for the main gun mounted in the turret roof possessed a small 76.2 mm (3.00 in) thick mantlet that only covered the hole where the main gun barrel protruded; the exposed barrel of the coaxial machine gun was vulnerable to bullet splash or shrapnel and a small armored cover was manufactured to protect it. When the Sherman was later fitted with a telescopic sight next to the main gun, a larger 76.2 mm (3.00 in) thick gun mantlet that covered the entire rotor shield including the sight and coaxial machine gun barrel was produced. 105 mm-armed Sherman tanks did not have a rotor shield, possessing only the mantlet to cover the opening in the turret front. The turret side armor was 50.8 mm (2.00 in) thick at a 5-degree angle from the vertical. The turret rear armor was 50.8 mm (2.00 in) thick and vertical, while the turret roof armor was 25.4 mm (1.00 in) thick, and flat.

1165:, could not be aimed across the other side of the tank. Though reluctant to adopt British weapons into their arsenal, the American designers were prepared to accept proven British ideas. These ideas, as embodied in a tank designed by the Canadian General Staff, also influenced the development of the American Sherman tank. Before long American military agencies and designers had accumulated sufficient experience to forge ahead on several points. In the field of tank armament, the American 75 mm and 76 mm dual-purpose tank guns won the acknowledgment of British tank experts. Detailed design characteristics for the M4 was submitted by the Ordnance Department on 31 August 1940, but the development of a prototype was delayed while the final production designs of the M3 were finished and the M3 entered full-scale production. On 18 April 1941, the U.S. Armored Force Board chose the simplest of five designs. Known as the T6, the design was a modified M3 hull and chassis, carrying a newly designed turret mounting the M3's 75 mm gun. This would later become the Sherman. 3257: 2835:(57 mm) guns being able to destroy the Tiger I. However, this only happened at very close ranges and against the thinner side armor. Due to their misconceptions related to this, and also due to tests that seemed to prove that the 76 mm gun was able to destroy both the Tiger and the Panther, the leadership of Army Ground Forces were not especially concerned by the Tiger I. The criteria and results of the 76 mm gun tests were later ruled to have been inaccurate when compared to real-world conditions (tests against sections of American armor plate configured to resemble those found on a Panther tank suggested that the new M1A1 gun would be adequate, but testing against actually captured Panther tanks was never done), with Eisenhower even remarking that he was wrongly told by Ordnance that the 76 mm could knock out any German tank. The Army also failed to anticipate that the Germans would attempt to make the Panther the standard tank of their panzer divisions in 1944, supported by small numbers of Tiger I and IIs. 3503:. The sponson sides had 38 mm (1.5 in) thick plates welded on, to make them 76 mm (3.0 in) thick. The transmission cover was significantly thicker, and a new, more massive T23-style turret with 178 mm (7.0 in) of armor on the sides and rear and a 25.4 mm (1 in) thick flat roof. The gun mantlet had an additional 89 mm (3.5 in) of armor welded on giving a total thickness of 177.8 mm. It was originally to be armed with the 76 mm gun, but the 75 mm was preferred for infantry support and was used, although some were later upgraded to use the 76 mm. The higher weight required changing the transmission gear ratios to reduce maximum speed to 22 mph, and crews were warned not to let the suspension "bottom" too violently. 254 were built at the Fisher Tank Arsenal from May to July 1944, and arrived in Europe in the fall of 1944, being employed throughout the remainder of the fighting in various roles. They were considered "highly successful". 3060:(TD) within the U.S. Army. In McNair's opinion, tanks were to exploit breakthroughs and support infantry, while masses of attacking hostile tanks were to be engaged by tank destroyer units, which were composed of a mix of self-propelled and towed anti-tank guns. Self-propelled tank destroyers, called "gun motor carriages" (as were any U.S. Army self-propelled armored vehicles mounting an artillery piece of heavy caliber), were similar to tanks but were lightly armored with open-topped turrets. The tank destroyers were supposed to be faster and carry a more powerful anti-tank gun than tanks (although in reality tanks often received more powerful guns before tank destroyers did) and armor was sacrificed for speed. Armored Force and Tank Destroyer Force doctrine were developed separately, and it was not against Armored Force doctrine for friendly tanks to engage hostile tanks that appeared while attacking or defending; tank destroyers were to engage numbers of enemy tanks that broke through friendly lines. 3621: 3029:'s frontal armor from 1,900 yd (1,700 m). However, British Army test results conducted with two Fireflys against a Panther turret-sized target demonstrated relatively poor accuracy at long range; a hit probability of 25.4% at 1,500 yd (1,400 m) with APCBC, and only 7.4% with APDS. In late 1943, the British offered the 17-pounder to the U.S. Army for use in their M4 tanks. General Devers insisted on comparison tests between the 17-pounder and the U.S. 90 mm gun. The tests were finally done on March 25 and May 23, 1944; they seemed to show the 90 mm gun was equal to or better than the 17-pounder. By then, production of the 76 mm-armed M4 and the 90 mm-armed M36 were both underway and U.S. Army interest in the 17-pounder waned. Late in 1944, the British began to produce tungsten 3276:

and assistant driver's hatches to fit in front of the turret ring. In these areas, the effect of the glacis plate's slope was greatly reduced. Later Shermans had an upgraded glacis plate that was uniformly 63.5 mm (2.50 in) thick and sloped at 47 degrees from the vertical, providing an effective thickness of 93.1 mm (3.67 in) over the entire plate. The new design improved overall ballistic protection by eliminating the "hatchways", while also allowing for larger hatches for the driver and bow gunner. The cast hull M4A1 for the most part retained its previous glacis shape even after the larger hatches were introduced; the casting, irrespective of the larger hatches, sat 37 to 55 degrees from the vertical, with the large majority of the piece sitting closer to a 55-degree angle.

3293: in) thick. The upper and lower hull sides were 38 mm (1.5 in) thick, and vertical, while the upper hull rear was also 38 mm (1.5 in) thick, vertical or sloped at 10 degrees from the vertical. The lower hull rear, which protected the engine, was 38 mm (1.5 in) thick, sloped at 0 to 22 degrees from the vertical depending upon the variant. The hull roof was 25.4 mm (1.00 in). The hull floor ranged from 25.4 mm (1.00 in) thick under the driver and assistant driver's positions to 12.7 mm (0.50 in) thick at the rear. The M4 had a hatch on the hull bottom to dispose of spent shell casings and to provide an emergency escape route. In the Pacific, Marines often used this Sherman feature in reverse to recover wounded infantry under fire. 3044:, in January 1945, General Eisenhower asked that no more 75 mm M4s be sent to Europe: only 76 mm M4s were wanted. Interest in mounting the British 17-pounder in U.S. Shermans flared anew. In February 1945, the U.S. Army began sending 75 mm M4s to England for conversion to the 17-pounder. Approximately 100 conversions were completed by the beginning of May. By then, the end of the war in Europe was clearly in sight, and the U.S. Army decided the logistical difficulties of adding a new ammunition caliber to the supply system was not warranted. None of the converted 17-pounder M4s was deployed in combat by the U.S., and it is unclear what happened to most of them, although some were given to the British as part of Lend-Lease post-war. 2964:(75 mm L/70) of the Panther, which could penetrate 185 mm (7.3 in) of unsloped RHA at 100 meters (110 yd) and 149 mm (5.9 in) at 1,000 m (1,100 yd) using the usual PzGr.39/42 round. The 76 mm was capable of knocking out a Panther at normal combat ranges from the flanks or rear but could not overcome the glacis plate. Due to its 55-degree slope, the Panther's 80 mm (3.1 in) glacis had a line-of-sight thickness of 140 mm (5.5 in) with actual effectiveness being even greater. An M4 might only knock out a Panther frontally from point-blank range by aiming for its turret front and transverse-cylindrical shaped mantlet, the lower edge of which on most Panthers 1237:. It placed tanks in the "striking echelon" of the armored division and placed the infantry in the "support echelon", without directing that tanks should only seek to attack other tanks, thus leaving target selection up to the field commander based on what types of units were available to him to attack. A field manual covering the use of the Sherman (FM 17–33, "The Tank Battalion, Light and Medium" of September 1942) described fighting enemy tanks, when necessary, as one of the many roles of the Sherman, but devoted only one page of text and four diagrams to tank-versus-tank action out of 142 pages. This early armored doctrine was heavily influenced by the sweeping early war successes of German 1265: 3341:, found that of their 166 Shermans knocked out in combat during the Normandy campaign, 94 (56.6 percent) burned out. Buckley also notes that an American survey carried out concluded that 65% of tanks burned out after being penetrated. United States Army research proved that the major reason for this was the stowage of main gun ammunition in the vulnerable sponsons above the tracks. A U.S. Army study in 1945 concluded that only 10–15 percent of wet stowage Shermans burned when penetrated, compared to 60–80 percent of the older dry-stowage Shermans. As a burned tank was unrecoverable, it was prudent in combat to continue to fire at a tank until it caught fire. 3181: 46: 3365:" or "Zippo" due to the flamethrower version of the tank, and not because "it lights the first time, every time"; this nickname story has been almost conclusively proven to be a fabrication as the Ronson company did not begin using the slogan until the 1950s and the average soldier did not have a Ronson lighter. Fuel fires occasionally occurred, but such fires were far less common and less deadly than ammunition fires. In many cases, the fuel tank of the Sherman was found intact after a fire. Tankers described "fierce, blinding jets of flame", which is consistent with burning pressurized hydraulic fluid, but not gasoline-related fires. 4245: 3317:

Tiger's 88 mm gun would not penetrate the upper glacis plate at any range and that the Panther, with its long barreled 7.5 cm KwK 42 L/70, would have to close in to 100 m (110 yd) to achieve a penetration in the same situation. However, other German documents suggested that the glacis of a Sherman could be penetrated at a range of 800 m (2,600 ft) by the Tiger I. The Tiger I was estimated to be able to penetrate the Sherman in most other armor plates at a range of 2 km (1.2 mi) or above, far exceeding the ranges at which the tank itself was vulnerable to fire from the Sherman.

2413: 3908: 4183: 2319: 3025:. The U.S. M1 gun and the 17-pounder had nearly identical bore diameters, but the British piece used a more voluminous cartridge case containing a much bigger propellant charge. This allowed it to penetrate 174 mm (6.9 in) of unsloped RHA at 100 m (110 yd) and 150 mm (5.9 in) at 1,000 m (1,100 yd) using APCBC ammunition. The 17-pounder still could not penetrate the steeply sloped glacis plate of the Panther but it was expected to be able to pierce its gun mantlet at over 2,500 yd (2,300 m); moreover it was estimated it would defeat the 4411: 1421: 4773: 4668: 4814: 4509: 3706: 1188:

eliminated, and a second overhead hatch was added for the assistant driver. The modified T6 was standardized as the M4, and first production completed in February 1942. The cast-hull models would later be re-standardized as M4A1, with the first welded-hull models receiving the designation M4. In August 1942, a variant of the M4 was put forth by the Detroit Arsenal to have angled, rather than rounded hull and turret armor. The changes were intended to improve the tank's protection without increasing weight or degrading other technical characteristics.

4925: 4911: 4343: 1060:, was not precise enough to allow firing when moving but did help keep the gun aimed in roughly the right direction for when the tank stopped to fire. The designers stressed reliability, ease of production and maintenance, durability, standardization of parts, ammunition in a limited number of variants, and moderate size and weight (to facilitate shipping and for compatibility with existing bridging equipment size and weight limit restrictions). These factors, combined with the Sherman's then-superior armor and armament, outclassed German 7176: 2585: 4424: 4385: 1250:, with friendly tanks being used in support if possible. Speed was essential to bring the tank destroyers from the rear to destroy incoming tanks. This doctrine was rarely followed in combat, as it was found to be impractical. Commanders were reluctant to leave tank destroyers in reserve; if they were, it was also easier for an opposing armored force to achieve a breakthrough against an American tank battalion, which would not have all of its anti-tank weapons at the front during the beginning of any attack. 4357: 3487: 3005: 1197: 2980:

Sherman crews also had concerns about firing from longer ranges, as Sherman's high-flash powder made their shots easier to spot. This, and the U.S. Army's usual offensive tactical situation, often contributed to losses suffered by the U.S. Army in Europe. Even though the various gunsights fitted to the Sherman had fewer magnification settings than those fitted to German tanks, their gunners were able to use a secondary periscope that featured a far larger field of view than their German counterparts.

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variations, which were in fact often manufactured concurrently at different locations. The sub-types differed mainly in engines, although the M4A1 differed from the other variants by its fully cast upper hull, with a distinctive rounded appearance. The M4A4 had a longer engine that required a longer hull and more track blocks, and thus the most distinguishing feature of the M4A4 was the wider longitudinal spacing between the bogies. "M4A5" was an administrative placeholder designation for Canadian

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hours), but more than double the average of 45 hours on maintenance of the Chrysler multibank by M4A4 crews. M4A3 remained superior in transmission time: 112 hours versus 340 hours for the M4A4. In terms of suspension, the tanks turned out to be approximately equal. None of the tanks with Ford engines passed the entire route: they dropped out after 293, 302, 347, and 350 hours of running. Only three Chrysler engines and one General Motors diesel engine coped with the task.

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required distance. However, the maintenance of the GM 6–71 engine took 143 hours – more than the M4A3 (110 hours) or M4A1 (132 hours). The M4A2 also did not shine in servicing the transmission group: it took 220 hours to take care of each tank (only the M4A4 with 340 hours did more). In terms of suspension service time, the tank was at the level of other "Shermans": 205 hours. A total of 327 hours of a run of the average diesel Sherman took 594.5 hours of mechanics' work.

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delivered by the end of February. This gave more power and better performance and despite multiple problems, the tank achieved 2,000 miles (3,220 km). The British considered the M4A3 a very reliable tank but far from perfect. An upgraded vehicle was tested in the spring of 1944; it covered over 3,000 miles (4,863 km) through several defects accumulated over the course of the run. The M4A3 was considered an outstanding vehicle for its reliability.

4718: 4588: 4330: 4746: 4482: 4799: 4732: 3964: 3409: 4642: 4455: 1365: 3851: 10820: 4883: 4561: 4870: 4655: 4522: 3433: 3421: 2911:. As a result, even weakly armored light German tank destroyers such as the Marder III, which was meant to be a stop-gap measure to fight Soviet tanks in 1942, could destroy Shermans from a distance. The disparity in firepower between the German armored fighting vehicles that began to be fielded in 1943 and the 75 mm-armed M4 was the impetus to begin production of 76 mm-armed M4s in January 1944. In testing before the 4856: 4469: 4398: 3139:, while crossing moderately rough terrain at 15 miles per hour (24 km/h). This gave a hit probability of 70% on enemy tanks at ranges of 300 yards (270 m) to 1,200 yards (1,100 m). The utility of the stabilization is debatable, with some saying it was useful for its intended purpose, others that it was useful only for using the sights for stabilized viewing on the move. Some operators disabled the stabilizer. 2478: 4442: 4760: 4548: 1707: 4842: 4786: 4371: 4495: 1671: 4574: 1138: 4171: 2629: 4602: 4535: 2455:(APU) to keep the tank's batteries charged without having to run the main engine, as was required on the T-34. However, according to Soviet tank crews, the Sherman also had disadvantages, the greatest being its high center of gravity and the ease of hitting it by enemy fire. The Sherman’s relatively narrow-set tracks struggled to negotiate muddy terrain compared to the wider-set tracks of the T-34 or German 1429:

tank's basic model number. These included stronger suspension units, safer "wet" (W) ammunition stowage, and stronger or more effective armor arrangements, such as the M4 "Composite", which had a cheaper to produce cast front hull section mated to a regular welded rear hull. British nomenclature for Shermans was by mark numbers for the different hulls with letters for differences in armament and suspension:

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105 mm-armed Sherman's turret, did not have a rotor shield, was protected by an unsloped 88.9 mm (3.50 in) thick cast gun mantlet. Combat experience indicated that the single hatch in the three-man 75 mm gun turret was inadequate for timely evacuation, so Ordnance added a loader's hatch beside the commander's beginning in late 1943. All 76 mm gun turrets had two roof hatches.

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recommendations given by the Armored Council had been implemented, and 10 M4A4 tanks had been driven to a 4,000-miles (6,440 km) range. The average service life of the A57 engine reached 240 hours. M4A4 tanks took second place in reliability after the M4A3 with a Ford GAA engine (255 hours), ahead of diesel M4A2 (225 hours) and M4A1 radial (218 hours). The M4A4 was the easiest to maintain.

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disqualified motors could be returned to service by replacing only one part: the rest were still in excellent condition. Of all the Ford engines, it turned out to be the most service friendly. The M4A3 tanks covered a greater distance than other Shermans: ten vehicles covered 20,346 miles (32,743 km) in total (half on-the-road, half off-road) over 2,388 hours - an impressive achievement.

3643: 3087:, the Assistant Chief of Staff G-4 of the War Department General Staff, ordered the 250 tanks built in December 1943. McNair finally relented in his opposition, but still opposed mass production; his Army Ground Forces even asked for the tanks to be "down-gunned" from 90 mm to 75 or 76 mm in April 1944, believing the 76 mm gun was capable of performing satisfactorily. General 2266: 3780:

flaked off and after a run of 600 miles (970 km) the tracks were unusable. Some units rode on tracks without the rubber pads, but the rubber tires of the rollers wore down faster. The introduction of radially grooved tires helped to cope with overheating when driving fast in the desert, but de-lamination of the tires still led to cracks in the rollers after 300 miles (480 km).

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100 km) on off-road. On average, tanks consumed 0.81 quarts (0.76 liters) of oil per engine hour. The tests ended on May 11. By that time, the M4A2 had covered 22,126 miles, running 2,424 hours. The average speed of the M4A2 was the fastest at 9.5 mph (15.3 km/h). The M4A1 and M4A4 both made 8 mph (13 km/h), while the M4A3 made 9.25 mph (14.89 km/h).

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engine had been built and installed incorrectly. Upon disassembly carbon deposits were found on the working surfaces of the cylinders; they were very worn out after only 65 hours of operation or 702 mi (1,130 km) run. In the absence of a replacement by October 10, the engine was put back in the tank; the revised fuel system was supposed to improve the stalling engine.

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production plan for 1945. 7,800 tanks were to be built, of which 2,060 were to be T26s armed with 90 mm guns, 2,728 were to be T26s armed with 105 mm howitzers and 3,000 were to be M4A3 Sherman tanks armed with 105 mm howitzers. As a part of the plan, the British requested 750 90 mm-armed T26s and 200 105 mm-armed T26s. General McNair was killed in a

1839:" from its experimental "E8" designation. The M4 and M4A3 105 mm-armed tanks, as well as the M4A1 and M4A2 76 mm-armed tanks, were also eventually equipped with HVSS. Both the Americans and the British developed a wide array of special attachments for the Sherman, although few saw combat, remaining experimental. Those that saw action included a bulldozer blade, the 4205:. The Soviet Union was shipped 4,065 M4 (M4A2s: 1,990 with 75 mm- and 2,073 with 76 mm-armed versions, 2 M4A4s), or 4,102 M4 (2,007 with 75 mm- and 2,095 with 76 mm versions). Еnrolled 3,664. The Free French were the third largest recipient, being given 755 during 1943 and 1944. At least 57 (or 157) Shermans were also delivered to other U.S. allies. 2382: 2915:, the 76 mm gun was found to have an undesirably large muzzle blast that kicked up dust from the ground and obscured vision for further firing. The M1A1C gun, which entered production lines in March 1944, was threaded for a muzzle brake, but as the brakes were still in development, the threads were protected with a cap. The addition of a 2924:

various U.S. armored division commanders, even though many had already been produced and were available. All of the U.S. Army M4s deployed initially in Normandy in June 1944 had the 75 mm gun. Fighting against Panther tanks in Normandy quickly demonstrated the need for better anti-tank firepower, and the 76 mm M4s were deployed to

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get sucked inside the vehicle, making it difficult or impossible for the crew to breathe. This, and the fear of fire starting or spreading inside the tank, would sometimes cause the crew to abandon the tank. There were several recorded instances where white phosphorus shells defeated German tanks in this fashion.

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Shermans. The first 76 mm-armed M4A2 Shermans started to arrive in the Soviet Union in the late summer of 1944. The Soviet records reported the receiving of 3,664 tanks; the difference mainly due to deliveries being sunk on the way and discrepancies between the United States and Soviet Union archives

2378:), 2nd Armoured Brigade (1st Armoured Division), and 8th and 20th Armoured Brigades (10th Armoured Division). Their first encounter with tanks was against German Panzer III and IV tanks with long 50 mm and 75 mm guns engaging them at 2,000 yards (1,800 m). There were losses to both sides. 3979:

By December 27, all M4A1s (average mileage of 166 hours) and one M4A3 were out of order, but not a single tank with a diesel engine. By February 18, tests for the M4A2 ended. Three tanks failed after 276, 278, and 353 hours, respectively, while one covered 4295 miles in 403 hours and was still on the

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The speed increased: the M4A1 with the new engine covered 1.5 miles (2.4 km) of paved track in 4 minutes and 45 seconds – 47 seconds faster than the tank with the R975-C1 engine. Tests have also shown increased reliability. The three new R975-C4s installed on the M4A1 were withdrawn from testing

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In November 1943, several M4A1 Shermans were tested at the American proving ground to test British innovations. On one of them, 37 experimental changes were made, on the second – 47, on the third – 53. In total, 60 changes were developed and implemented for the Shermans, most of which were considered

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Upgrades included the rectangular armor patches protecting ammunition stowage mentioned above, and smaller armor patches in front of each of the protruding hatchway structures in the glacis in an attempt to mitigate their ballistic weakness. Field improvisations included placing sandbags, spare track

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The turret armor of the 75 mm and 105 mm armed M4 ranged from 25.4 mm (1.00 in) to 76.2 mm (3.00 in) thick. The turret front armor was 76.2 mm thick, angled at 30 degrees from the vertical, giving an effective thickness of 87.9 mm (3.46 in). The opening in

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The Sherman, like its M3 predecessor, was one of the first tanks to feature a gyroscopically stabilized gun and sight. The stabilization was only in the vertical plane; the mechanism could not slew the turret. The stabilizer was sufficient to keep the gun's elevation setting within 1/8th of a degree,

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in July 1944, and the path to production for the T26 tank became somewhat clearer. General Marshall intervened again and the tanks were eventually brought into full production. However, only a few T26 tanks (by then designated M26) saw combat beginning in February 1945, too late to have any effect on

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was found to be ill-designed for mounting in a tank turret, so it was completely redesigned and re-designated the 105 mm howitzer M4. After modifications to the turret (concerning the balancing of the gun and the strength of the power traverse) and interior of the hull (concerning the stowage of

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The M4 and M4A1 were the main types in U.S. units until the fall of 1944 when the Army began replacing them with the preferred M4A3 with its more powerful 500 hp (370 kW) engine. Some M4s and M4A1s continued in U.S. service for the rest of the war. The first Sherman to enter combat with the

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the mounting bracket, rather than the M4 development with the idler moved behind the mounting bracket to give more room for suspension travel. The Ram had a distinctive turret with a bolted flat-faced mantlet and the UK 6-pounder gun, with the hull machine gunner housed in a rotating turret based on

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upgraded to have a turret, although it used a new turret of Canadian design. One improvement was the use of all-steel 'CDP' (Canadian Dry Pin) tracks, which although an inch narrower than the early M4 steel and rubber pad tracks, were cheaper to produce and gave better traction. Suspension units and

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By March 18, the tanks had finished testing. The M4A4 turned out to be the most reliable again: out of four tanks, three reached the finish line. The M4A4 engine also took the least time to service: 45 hours per tank. M4A2 was in second place, as the last M4A3 still broke down, and did not cover the

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The tanks continued to race for survival. At the end of 1943, 20 vehicles entered trials at once: four M4A1, M4A2, M4A3, M4A4, and new M4E1 with an experimental engine. The Shermans drove on three types of surfaces: fine loose sand, clayey stony ground, and highways. As in previous tests, during the

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In its initial specifications for a replacement for the M3 medium tank, the U.S. Army restricted Sherman's height, width, and weight so that it could be transported via typical bridges, roads, railroads, and landing craft without special accommodation. Army Regulation 850-15 initially restricted the

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and the U.S. M4 Sherman tank. Both tanks were the backbone of the armored units in their respective armies, both nations distributed these tanks to their allies, who also used them as the mainstay of their own armored formations, and both were upgraded extensively and fitted with more powerful guns.

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At first, a partial remedy to ammunition fires in the M4 was found in 1943 by welding 1-inch thick (25 mm) appliqué armor plates to the sponson sides over the ammunition stowage bins, though there was doubt that these had any effect. Later models moved ammunition stowage to the hull floor, with

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fitted to their tanks to push three tanks together through a hedgerow. The flank tanks would clear the back of the hedgerow on their side with canister rounds while the center tank would engage and suppress known or suspected enemy positions on the next hedgerow. This approach permitted surprisingly

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APCR shot. However, its performance was heavily degraded by sloped armor such as the Panther's glacis. Because of tungsten shortages, HVAP rounds were constantly in short supply. Priority was given to U.S. tank destroyer units and over half of the 18,000 projectiles received were not compatible with

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and moving into open country, U.S. tank units that engaged German defensive positions at longer ranges sometimes took 50% casualties before spotting where the fire was coming from. The average combat range noted by the Americans for tank-versus-tank action was 800 to 900 m (870 to 980 yd).

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At the outbreak of the war, the U.S. military tried to deploy the M4A3E8, a medium-sized tank of the same class, to respond to North Korean T-34-85, but there were few tanks available for rapid deployment from the Far East due to disarmament after World War II. The U.S. Far East Command collected 58

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From May to July 1944, the Army accepted a limited run of 254 M4A3E2 "Jumbo" Shermans, which had very thick hull armor and the 75 mm gun in a new, better-protected T23-style turret ("Jumbos" could mount the 76 mm M1 cannon), to assault fortifications, leading convoys, and spearhead armored

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series as Sherman replacements, the Army Ground Forces were satisfied with the M4 and Armored Force Board considered some features of the experimental tanks unsatisfactory. Continuing with M4 minimized production disruption but elements of the experimental designs were incorporated into the Sherman.

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using vehicles built on the M4 hull and chassis, but with open-topped turrets and more potent high-velocity guns, also entered widespread use in the Allied armies. Even by 1944, most M4 Shermans kept their dual-purpose 75 mm gun. By then, the M4 was inferior in firepower and armor to increasing

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By April 23, 1943, ten M4A2 had covered a total of 16,215 miles (8229 miles on-road and 7,986 miles off-road), operating for 1,825 hours. Fuel consumption of the M4A2 was lower than that of other Shermans: 1.1 mpg (214 liters per 100 km) on the highway, and 0.5 miles per gallon (470 liters per

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Additional tests of four M4A4s from October 8, 1943, to February 14, 1944, showed even better results: one engine broke down after 339 hours, three others worked 400 hours with less than 10% power loss. 3 out of 4 M4A4 could finish the Armored Council test and drive for 4,000-miles (6,440 km).

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The M4A3 continued to lead to reliability through further testing. On tests in the winter and spring of 1944, one tank covered 2,097 mi (3,375 km) in 203 hours and 25 minutes. An M4 failed after only 15 hours and 10 minutes and was replaced by another. The M4A1 lasted 27 hours 15 minutes,

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The Ford V-8 engined M4A3s took part in the 1943 'survival' race. On average, the engines worked for 255 hours, though one failed after 87 hours of running. Three tanks were taken out of the test at 187, 247, and 295 operating hours due to reasons unrelated to the engine. The report noted that even

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In Africa, the British engines ran for 700–900 miles (1130–1450 km), or 180–200 hours. The engine had to be inspected and repaired after 100 hours, which significantly extended its service life, but there was not enough time for such work, and among crews, it was believed that there was little

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Section concluded that from a sample of 40 Sherman tanks, 33 tanks burned (82 percent) and 7 tanks remained unburned following an average of 1.89 penetrations. In comparison, from a sample of five Panzer IVs, four tanks burned (80 percent) and one tank remained unburned, following an average of 1.5

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plate was originally 50.8 mm (2.00 in) thick. and angled at 56 degrees from the vertical, providing an effective thickness of 90.8 mm (3.57 in). The M4, M4A1, early production M4A2, and early production M4A3 possessed protruding cast "hatchway" structures that allowed the driver

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HB machine gun with 300 rounds on the turret roof for anti-aircraft protection. Early production models of the M4 and M4A1 also had a pair of fixed, forward firing M1919 machine guns mounted in the front hull and operated by the driver; this arrangement was inherited from the M2 and M3 medium tanks

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The higher-velocity 76 mm gun gave Shermans anti-tank firepower equal to many of the German vehicles they encountered, particularly the Panzer IV and StuG III, but its gun was inferior to that of the Tiger or the Panther. The 76 mm could penetrate 125 mm (4.9 in) of unsloped RHA

2730:

after it was realized that their armor penetration was insufficient for combat against newer tanks such as the IDF Centurions as well as the T-34-85s being delivered to Egyptian forces. During further upgrades, the French military helped develop a conversion kit to upgrade about 300 Shermans to the

2615:

During the later years of the war, general purpose high explosive ammunition was preferred for fighting Japanese tanks because armor-piercing rounds, which had been designed for penetrating thicker steel, often went through the thin armor of the Type 95 Ha-Go (the most commonly encountered Japanese

2451:, amongst others. According to Soviet tanker Dmitriy Loza, the Sherman was held in good regard and viewed positively by many Soviet tank crews, with compliments given to its reliability, ease of maintenance, generally good firepower (referring especially to the 76 mm gun version) as well as an 1105:

The relative ease of production allowed large numbers of the M4 to be manufactured, and significant investment in tank recovery and repair units allowed disabled vehicles to be repaired and returned to service quickly. These factors combined to give the Allies numerical superiority in most battles,

3971:

In terms of reliability, the M4A2 was in third place. The first engine failed after 75 hours of operation. Two engines worked all 400 hours, while one was in good condition, and the other was on its last legs. On average, the engines worked for 225 hours before the breakdown of the internal units.

3927:

An M4 with the R975-C1 engine was tested a year later over a 5,000-mile (8,050 km) test in which the engine had to be replaced three times. In addition, there were transmission and suspension problems. The filters performed poorly: it was noted that sand and dust severely spoil the engine and

3923:

During the tests, it took 132 hours to service the R-975 in the M4A1, 143 hours for the GM diesel M4A2, 110 hours for the Ford GAA M4A3, and 45 hours for the multibank M4A4. None of the R975 engines reached the 200 hours mark, failing on average after 166 hours. It was noted that a lot of time was

3819:

Although M4A3s were not in service with other armies, some were supplied to the Allies for review. In early January 1943, a new M4A3 was provided to the British Fighting Vehicle Proving Establishment. By January 16, it began trials. The engine failed after 495 miles (800 km). A new engine was

3164:

shell originally intended for use as an artillery marker to help with targeting. M4 tank crews discovered that the shell could also be used against the Tiger and Panther—when the burning white phosphorus adhered to the German tanks, their excellent optics would be blinded and the acrid smoke would

3099:

urgently requested heavy tanks, but McNair's continued opposition to mass production due to persistent serious mechanical problems with the vehicles delayed their procurement. That same month, the War Department reversed course and completely overruled the Army Ground Forces when making their tank

2725:

interwar light tanks with their 37 mm short-barreled guns, which made up the bulk of the IDF's tank force, led to the purchase of 30 unarmed M4(105 mm)s from Italian scrapyards. Three of these, plus the original M4A2, saw extensive service in the 1948-9 war of independence. The remainder

2428:

Under Lend-Lease, 4,102 M4A2 medium tanks were sent to the Soviet Union. Of these, 2,007 were equipped with the original 75 mm main gun, with 2,095 mounting the more-capable 76 mm gun. The total number of Sherman tanks sent to the USSR under Lend-Lease represented 18.6% of all Lend-Lease

1428:

The term "M4" can refer specifically to the initial sub-type with its Continental radial engine, or generically, to the entire family of seven Sherman sub-types, depending on context. Many details of production, shape, strength, and performance improved while in production, without a change to the

5143:

policy statement of November 1943 concluded "The recommendation of a limited proportion of tanks carrying a 90 mm gun is not concurred in for the following reasons: The M4 tank has been hailed widely as the best tank of the battlefield today ... There appears to be no fear on the part of our

3915:

The R975 engine began to lose relevance once the vehicle was put into service. The R975 was initially powered by high-octane aviation gasoline. With the entry of the United States into the war, it was necessary to change to a lower grade fuel. To maintain performance, the maximum octane number of

3815:

Around the same time, another reliability test began, albeit on a smaller scale of 20 Shermans of various types including four M4A3. The time spent on repairs was carefully measured: on average, the M4A3 took 110 hours to service the engine, which was better than the M4A1 (132 hours) or M4A2 (143

3498:

The M4A3E2 Sherman "Jumbo" assault tank variant, based upon a standard M4A3(75)W hull, had an additional 38 mm (1.5 in) plate welded to the glacis, giving a total thickness of 102 mm (4.0 in), which resulted in a glacis of 149 mm (5.9 in) line-of-sight thickness, and

3316:

report estimated that with the M4 angled 30 degrees sideways and APCBC round, the Tiger I's 8.8 cm KwK 36 L/56 gun would be capable of penetrating the differential case of an American M4 Sherman from 2,100 m (6,900 ft) and the turret front from 1,800 m (5,900 ft), but the

3305:

with 7.5 cm cannon and above) along with anti-tank weapon fire early in the war during multiple occasions. So it was decided it needed a compound angle to resist later German tank and anti-tank guns. The distinctive protruding "hatchways" of the early Sherman compromised the 56 degree-angled

3172:

were employed as a three-vehicle "assault gun" platoon under the tank battalion headquarters company along with another one in each medium tank company (a total of six tanks in the battalion) to provide close fire support and smoke. Armored infantry battalions were also eventually issued three of

3931:

Work to improve the reliability of the R975 engine led to quite significant changes, resulting in the R975-C4. Engine power increased from 432 to 493 hp (322 to 368 kW), and fuel consumption decreased by 10%. The engine torque went from 1800 Nm at 1900 pm to 2040 Nm. Older engines were

3779:

The improved return roller design performed much better than that which the early Sherman production inherited from the M3. A February 1943 report described a unit where there were no broken bogey coil springs even after a 1,000-mile (1,600 km) march. The tracks however suffered; the rubber

3473:

60s against sandbagged M4s; shots against the side blew away the sandbags and still penetrated the side armor, whereas shots fired at an angle against the front plate blew away some of the sandbags but failed to penetrate the armor. Earlier, in the summer of 1944, General Patton, informed by his

3247:

and the new 76 mm gun. This turret's armor was 63.5 mm (2.50 in) thick on the sides and rear, angled from 0 to 13 degrees from the vertical. It had a 25.4 mm (1.00 in) thick roof, which sat at 0 to 45 degrees from the vertical. The front of the T23 turret, which like the

2677:

that were operated at the same time. However, the lighter M4A3E8 became the preferred U.S. tank in the later phases of the war. It was considered more advantageous in terms of maneuverability on rough terrain and ease of maintenance due to the mechanical reliability. Because of this feature, the

1356:

The Army had seven main sub-designations for M4 variants during production: M4, M4A1, M4A2, M4A3, M4A4, M4A5, and M4A6. These designations did not necessarily indicate linear improvement; in that "M4A4" did not indicate it was better than "M4A3". These sub-types indicated standardized production

3955:

In 1943, the Americans conducted large-scale trials of all types of Shermans. In total, 40 tanks were admitted to them: 10 each M4A1, M4A2, M4A3, and M4A4. The target was 400 hours or 4000 miles before the engine failed. The rest of the tank units could be repaired an unlimited number of times.

3919:

Engines were compared in large-scale tests at the Aberdeen Proving Grounds in the winter of 1943–1944 with four examples each of M4A1, M4A2, M4A3, and M4A4. The endpoint was 4,000 miles or 400 hours run time. Faults with anything except the motor were repaired and testing resumed; only critical

3791:

Other mechanical problems were rare and were most common in the left engine. Shermans suffered from wear to tire trackpads which were mitigated by changing to all-metal tracks and ventilated rollers. The tanks proved to be very reliable with proper operation. In June 1943, it was noted that the

3762:

After 805 km (500 mi) the springs of the left front bogie broke, considered typical for this type of suspension. Oil accumulated on the floor of the engine compartment during driving. The engine periodically stalled under high load due to interrupted fuel supply. It was found that the

2884:

When the newly designed 76 mm gun, known as the T1, was first installed in the M4 in spring 1943, it was found to unbalance the turret, and the gun barrel also protruded too far forward, making it more difficult to transport and susceptible to hitting the ground when the tank traveled over

2310:, ordered that no diesel-engined Shermans be used by the Army outside the Zone of Interior (the continental U.S.). The Army used all types for either training or testing within the United States but intended the M4A2 and M4A4 (with the A57 Multibank engine) to be the primary Lend-Lease exports. 3628:

The U.S. Army issued extended end connectors ("duckbills") to add width to the standard tracks as a stopgap solution. Duckbills began to reach front-line tank battalions in fall 1944 but were original factory equipment for the heavy M4A3E2 Jumbo to compensate for the extra weight of armor. The

2923:

Army doctrine at the time emphasized the multirole ability of the tank, and the capability of the high explosive shell was considered important. Being a dedicated anti-tank gun, the 76 mm had a much weaker high explosive shell than the existing 75 mm and was not initially accepted by

3980:

move. From M4A3, one tank also remained on the move, but with a rather modest mileage, since it had been under repair for a long time. Of the four M4A4s, one tank broke down, and the M4E1 was removed from testing – it was decided that the RD1820 engine would not go into a large series anyway.

3585:

interleaved and overlapped road wheels (as used on pre-war origin German half-track vehicles), the Panther and Tiger had greater mobility on soft ground because of their greater flotation (i.e., lower ground pressure). Lieutenant Colonel Wilson M. Hawkins of the 2nd Armored Division wrote the

2889:

to 52), resulting in the M1 variant. Mounting this gun in the original M4 turret proved problematic, so the turret for the aborted T23 tank project was used instead for the definitive production version of the 76 mm M4 Shermans, along with a modified version of the gun known as the M1A1.

2720:

The Israeli Defense Force used Shermans from its creation in 1948 until the 1980s, having first acquired a single M4A2 lacking the main armament from British forces as they withdrew from Israel. The popularity of the tank (having now been re-armed) compared to the outdated, 1934-origin French

2893:

Despite the Ordnance Department's development of new 76 mm and 90 mm anti-tank guns, the Army Ground Forces rejected their deployment as unnecessary. An attempt to upgrade the M4 Sherman by installing the 90 mm-armed turret from the T26 tank project on an M4 hull in April 1944

3546:

They are utterly reliable.....I do not think they are quite as good as the Cromwell across the country when they are running on rather worn rubber tracks and the going is greasy, neither does one get as smooth a ride, but they appear so infinitely superior in every other way particularly in

3016:

The British anticipated future developments in German armor and began development of a 3 in (76.2 mm) anti-tank gun even before its 57 mm predecessor entered service. Out of expediency and also driven by delays in their new tank designs, they mounted the powerful 76.2 mm

1187:

The T6 prototype was completed on 2 September 1941. The upper hull of the T6 was a single large casting. It featured a single overhead hatch for the driver and a hatch in the side of the hull. In the later M4A1 production model, this large casting was maintained, although the side hatch was

1076:

in late 1942, it increased the advantage of Allied armor over Axis armor and was superior to the lighter German and Italian tank designs. For this reason, the US Army believed that the M4 would be adequate to win the war, and relatively little pressure was initially applied for further tank

2972:. A 76 mm-armed Sherman could penetrate the upper frontal hull superstructure of a Tiger I tank from normal combat ranges. Although the new gun lessened the gap between the two tanks, the Tiger I was still capable of knocking an M4 out frontally from over 2,000 m (2,200 yd). 3564:

On the southwestern front (Italy) reports on the cross-country mobility of the Sherman have been very favorable. The Sherman climbs mountains our tank experts consider inaccessible to tanks. One great advantage is that the Sherman has a very powerful motor in proportion to its weight. Its

3177:(HEAT) round; although very effective the low muzzle velocity made hitting enemy armor difficult. The 105 mm Shermans were not equipped with a power-traversing turret, and this resulted in complaints from soldiers in the field. An upgrade was not available before the end of the war. 3828:

In October 1942, five M3A4s and five M4A4s were tested in the California desert, which was a monstrous test for vehicles with an unsatisfactory cooling system. Constant breakdowns of auxiliary engine units put an end to the tank's combat career in the US Army. By the spring of 1943, the

3551:

The Sherman had good speed both on and off-road. Off-road performance varied. In the desert, the Sherman's rubber-block tracks performed well, while in the confined, hilly terrain of Italy, the smaller, nimbler Sherman could often cross terrain that some heavy German tanks could not.

3512: 2726:

were then serviced and rearmed with 75 mm guns and components whenever these became available, composing a large part of Israeli tank forces for the next eight years. The 75 mm-armed Shermans were replaced by M4A1 (76 mm) Shermans imported from France before the 1956

3916:

fuel for the new engine was limited to 80. In April 1942, an engine with a compression ratio of 5.7 was tested, which was considered acceptable. The nominal revs increased from 1200 to 1800 per minute. The new engine used a richer fuel mixture and had a larger combustion chamber.

3478:, Patton ordered extra armor plates salvaged from knocked-out American and German tanks welded to the turrets and hulls of tanks of his command. Approximately 36 of this up-armored M4s were supplied to each of the three armored divisions of the Third Army in the spring of 1945. 2792:, in the turret of the M4 Sherman was explored first, but its size and weight (the weapon was modified from a land-based antiaircraft gun) made it too large to fit in the turret of the Sherman. Development on a new 76 mm gun better suited to the Sherman began in fall 1942. 3776:

benefit in the procedure. The engine left much to be desired, as evidenced by attempts at modifications in the Eighth Army, which did not affect the reliability of the tank. The Shermans also had other defects, including broken wiring, breaking ignition coils, and clutch rods.

3075:) during the crucial period of 1943 because they did not meet the two criteria of the Army Ground Forces for accepting new equipment; they were not "battle worthy," and he saw no "battle need" for them. In fall 1943, Lieutenant General Devers, commander of U.S. forces in the 3594:

It has been claimed that our tank is the more maneuverable. In recent tests, we put a captured German Mark V against all models of our own. The German tank was the faster, both across the country and on the highway, and could make sharper turns. It was also the better hill

2493:(PTO) relegated it to secondary status for both the Allies and the Japanese. While the U.S. Army fielded 16 armored divisions and 70 separate tank battalions during the war, only a third of the battalions and none of the divisions were deployed to the Pacific Theater. The 3333:

penetrations. The Panther tank burned 14 times (63 percent) from a sample of 22 tanks and following 3.24 penetrations, while the Tiger burned four times (80 percent) out of a sample of five tanks following 3.25 penetrations. John Buckley, using a case study of the British

3306:

glacis plate, making them weak points where the effect of the glacis plate's slope was greatly reduced. In 1943, to make the thickness of these areas equal with the rest of the glacis plate, 1-inch thick (25 mm) appliqué armor plates were fitted in front of them.

3836:

Despite the positive outcomes of additional testing, oil and fuel consumption was still too high for the engine to be recommended for service in the American army. Production of the M4A4 was discontinued on October 10, 1943, and it was declared obsolete in 1945.

1300:

In World War II, the U.S. Army ultimately fielded 16 armored divisions, along with 70 separate tank battalions, while the U.S. Marine Corps fielded six tank battalions. A third of all Army tank battalions, and all six Marine tank battalions, were deployed to the

2404:

76 mm gun in July 1944 was the M4A1, then the M4A2, closely followed by the M4A3. By the end of the war, roughly half the U.S. Army Shermans in Europe had the 76 mm gun. The first HVSS-equipped Sherman to see combat was the M4A3(76)W in December 1944.

3578:, proved otherwise. The M4's initial tracks were 16.5 inches wide. This produced ground pressure of 14 pounds per square inch. U.S. crews found that on soft ground, the narrow tracks of the Sherman gave poorer ground pressure compared to the Panther and Tiger. 2960:(75 mm L/48) of the Panzer IV could penetrate 135 mm (5.3 in) of unsloped RHA at 100 m (110 yd) and 109 mm (4.3 in) at 1,000 m (1,100 yd). The 76 mm gun was still inferior to the much more powerful 70-caliber 1333:

for tank production was diverted to the construction of warships and other naval vessels. Steel used in naval construction amounted to the equivalent of approximately 67,000 tanks; and consequently, only about 53,500 tanks were produced during 1942 and 1943.

3345:

water jackets surrounding each storage bin. The practice, known as "wet stowage", reduced the chance of fire after a hit to about 15 percent. The Sherman allegedly gained the grim nickname "Tommy Cooker" (by the Germans, who referred to British soldiers as "

1228:

The armored division is organized primarily to perform missions that require great mobility and firepower. It is given decisive missions. It is capable of engaging in all forms of combat, but its primary role is in offensive operations against hostile rear

4230:, but the large armor castings for turret and hull were supplied by General Steel Castings in the US. Greater Sherman production and availability meant that the Ram was never used in action as a gun tank, being either used for training or converted to 2783:

As the Sherman was being designed, provisions were made so that multiple types of main armament (specified as a 75 mm gun, a 3-inch gun, or a 105 mm howitzer) could be mounted in the turret. The possibility of mounting the main gun of the

3569:

However, while this may have held compared with the first-generation German tanks, such as the Panzer III and Panzer IV, comparative testing with the second generation wide-tracked German tanks (Panther and Tiger) conducted by the Germans at their

3783:

The M4A2 performed very well in hot climates in general. The British sent as many of these as possible to the Mediterranean theater, retaining a minimum of vehicles for training in the UK. Complaints began to come in about carbon fouling of the

3972:

Only the R-975 engines showed themselves worse than the GM 6–71 (average service life of 218 hours). Ford GAA (255 hours) and Chrysler A57 (240 hours) proved to be more reliable. In terms of time spent on maintenance, the M4A2 came in second.

3611:

The Mark V and VI in my opinion have more maneuverability and certainly more flotation. I have seen in many cases where the Mark V and VI tanks could maneuver nicely over ground where the M4 would bog down. On one occasion I saw at least 10

2350:

asked what he could do to help and Churchill replied at once, "Give us as many Sherman tanks as you can spare and ship them to the Middle East as quickly as possible." The US considered collecting all Shermans together to be able to send the

3903:

Diesel M4A2s had a significant superiority over the R975 gasoline engines. The first M4A3 tank with a Ford GAA V8 gasoline engine, surpassing the R975 in all aspects, was assembled in May 1942, and even the M4A4 had a more reliable engine.

3947:

tank destroyer. In October 1943 the British demanded that it be provided for their Shermans. Tests in February 1944 on the M4A1 tank that as well as increased power: oil consumption dropped by 35% and cylinder temperature by 50 °C.

2894:(referred to as the M4/T26) was halted after realizing it could not go into production sooner than the T26 and would likely delay T26 development. Even in 1943, most German armored fighting vehicles (later models of the Panzer IV tank, 2651:

M4A3E8 scattered throughout Japan, created the 8072nd Temporary Tank Battalion (later renamed to the 89th Tank Battalion) on July 17 and landed them in Busan on August 1. The 8072nd Temporary Tank Battalion was immediately deployed for

1288:

and was first used in 1941, with many early vehicles reserved for British use under Lend-Lease; the first production Sherman was given to the U.S. Army for evaluation, and the second tank of the British order went to London. Nicknamed

3599:

This was backed up in an interview with Technical Sergeant Willard D. May of the 2nd Armored Division who commented: "I have taken instructions on the Mark V and have found, first, it is easily as maneuverable as the Sherman; second

1082:

numbers of German upgraded medium tanks and heavy tanks but was able to fight on with the help of considerable numerical superiority, greater mechanical reliability, better logistical support, and support from growing numbers of

3378:

Both were designed for mobility and ease of manufacture and maintenance, sacrificing some performance for these goals. Both chassis were used as the foundation for a variety of support vehicles, such as armor recovery vehicles,

2576:

medium tanks, while Allied forces were quickly replacing their light tanks with 75 mm-armed M4s. The Chinese in India received 100 M4 Shermans and used them to great effect in the subsequent 1944 and 1945 offensives in the

2991:

penetrator surrounded by a lightweight aluminum body and ballistic windshield, which gave it a higher velocity and more penetrating power. The increased penetration of HVAP allowed the 76 mm gun to match the Panther's

3952:

after 177, 219, and 231 hours, respectively, and the R975-C1, upgraded to the C4 standard, worked 222 hours on the M4 tank. Compared to its predecessor, the service life of the engines has increased, albeit only slightly.

1064:

and medium tanks fielded in 1939–42. The M4 was the most-produced tank in American history, with 49,324 produced (including variants). During World War II, the Sherman spearheaded many offensives by the Allies after 1942.

5882:

Overall, this was a good vehicle but, as with any tank, it had its pluses and minuses. When someone says to me that this was a bad tank, I respond, "Excuse me!" One cannot say that this was a bad tank. Bad as compared to

3474:

ordnance officers that sandbags were useless, and that the machines' chassis suffered from the extra weight, had forbidden the use of sandbags. Following the clamor for better armor and firepower after the losses of the

1245:

United States doctrine held that the most critical anti-tank work – stopping massed enemy tank attacks – was primarily to be done by towed and self-propelled anti-tank guns, operated by

2815:(RHA) at 90 degrees, a range of 100 m (110 yd) and 73 mm (2.9 in) at 1,000 m (1,100 yd) firing the usual M61 APCBC round, and equipped with an M38A2 telescopic gunsight. Facing the early 3157:

fast progress through the very tough and well-defended hedgerows in Normandy. Over 500 sets of these were fitted to US armored vehicles, and many fitted to various British tanks (where they were called "prongs").

2956:

at 100 m (110 yd) and 106 mm (4.2 in) at 1,000 m (1,100 yd) using the usual M62 round. The M1 helped to equalize the Sherman and the Panzer IV in terms of firepower; the 48-caliber

2919:

on the new M1A2 gun (which also incorporated a faster rifling twist leading to a slight accuracy increase at longer ranges) beginning in October 1944 finally solved this problem by directing the blast sideways.

3527:

widths of a tank to 103 inches (2.62 m) and its weight to 30 tons (27.2 t). This greatly aided the strategic, logistical, and tactical flexibility and mobility of all Allied armored forces using the Sherman.

1241:

tactics. By the time M4s reached combat in significant numbers, battlefield demands for infantry support and tank-versus-tank action far outnumbered the occasional opportunities of rear-echelon exploitation.

1106:

and many infantry divisions were provided with M4s and tank destroyers. By 1944, a typical U.S. infantry division had attached for armor support an M4 Sherman battalion, a tank destroyer battalion, or both.

1835:

columns. The M4A3 model was the first to be factory-produced with the HVSS system with wider tracks to distribute weight, beginning in August 1944. With the smooth ride of the HVSS, it gained the nickname "

3320:

Although the later-model German medium and heavy tanks were greatly feared, Buckley opined "The vast majority of German tanks encountered in Normandy were either inferior or merely equal to the Sherman."

2620:. Although the high-velocity guns of tank destroyers were useful for penetrating fortifications, M4s armed with flamethrowers were often deployed, as direct fire seldom destroyed Japanese fortifications. 7183: 7181: 7179: 1413:

nine-cylinder radial aircraft engine.) that produced 450 hp (340 kW). A 24-volt electrical system was used in the M4. The M4A2 and M4A4 were mostly supplied to other Allied countries under

2823:

in North Africa, the Sherman's gun could penetrate the frontal armor of these tanks at normal combat ranges, within 1,000 yd (910 m). U.S. Army Intelligence discounted the arrival of the

1180:

with drive sprockets in front. The goals were to produce a fast, dependable medium tank able to support infantry, provide breakthrough striking capacity, and defeat any tank then in use by the

4201:. Britain received 17,181 in various models, mostly M4А2s and M4A4s (5,041 Sherman III and 7,167 V, respectively), of which over 2000 were re-equipped with a more powerful gun to become the 4241:, an adaption of the Sherman M4A1. This differed only in details, such as the CDP tracks, British radio equipment, and the British 2" smoke mortar in the turret roof. 188 were produced. 2666:

ammunition, advanced optics, and better crew training gave the Sherman an advantage. The M4A3E8, using 76 mm HVAP ammunition, destroyed 41 enemy tanks from July to November 1950.

5117:

Also known by the service names "Grant" and "Lee". Along with other small differences the Grant used the lower-profile British turret while the Lee used the original American design.

7618:

British and American Tanks of World War II: The Complete Illustrated History of British, American and Commonwealth Tanks, Gun Motor Carriages and Special Purpose Vehicles, 1939–1945

5144:

forces of the German Mark VI (Tiger) tank. There can be no basis for the T26 tank other than the conception of a tank vs.-tank duel-which is believed to be unsound and unnecessary."

1077:

development. Logistical and transport restrictions, such as limitations imposed by roads, ports, and bridges, also complicated the introduction of a more capable but heavier tank.

10157: 9330: 1259: 3386:, though each of these three tanks had particular advantages and weaknesses compared with the other two. Neither the T-34 nor the M4 was a match for Germany's heavier tanks, the 2552: 2608:; both tanks were armed with 75 mm guns, albeit of different type. Only 166 Type 3s and two Type 4s were built, and none saw combat; they were saved for the defense of the 2359:

to reinforce Egypt, but delivering the Shermans directly to the British was quicker and over 300 – mostly M4A1s, but also including M4A2s – had arrived there by September 1942.

2800:

the 105 mm ammunition), the Ordnance Department expressed its approval of the project, and production of M4 tanks armed with 105 mm howitzers began in February 1944.

3629:

M4A3(76)W HVSS Shermans and other late models with wider-tracked suspensions corrected these problems but formed only a small proportion of the tanks in service even in 1945.

3661: 7527:

Kočevar, Iztok (August 2014). "Micmac à tire-larigot chez Tito: L'arme blindée yougoslave durant la Guerre froide" [The Yugoslav armored arm during the Cold War].

8102: 5646: 1109:

After World War II, the Sherman, particularly the many improved and upgraded versions, continued to see combat service in many conflicts around the world, including the

7401: 3469:

anti-tank rocket launcher. In the only study known to have been done to test the use of sandbags, on March 9, 1945, officers of the 1st Armored Group tested standard

1695:

trialed on the T23 tank. The first standard-production 76 mm gun-armed Sherman was an M4A1, accepted in January 1944, which first saw combat in July 1944 during

990: 3256: 2541:

that never came. Armor from both sides mostly operated in jungle terrain that was poorly suited to armored warfare. For this type of terrain, the Japanese and the

1376:

9-cylinder radial gasoline engine in the M4 and M4A1 produced 350 or 400 horsepower (260 or 300 kW). The M4A3 used the liquid-cooled 450 hp (340 kW)

4222:

the M3 'Lee' cupola, rather than the simpler ball-mount that was becoming universal for tank hull guns. Production facilities for the Ram were constructed at the

1157:

of 1935. The M3 was developed as a stopgap measure until a new turret mounting a 75 mm gun could be devised. While it was a big improvement when used by the

10859: 8754: 5166:

The M4A1 tank also required an average of 36 hours of transmission maintenance, 93 hours of chassis maintenance, and a little over 20 hours of other maintenance.

2436:, but the M4A2 had a higher tendency to overturn in road accidents and collisions or because of rough terrain than the T-34 due to its higher center of gravity. 1703:, which surrounded the main gun, on the turret. The first Sherman variant to be armed with the 105 mm howitzer was the M4, first accepted in February 1944. 6174: 2572:

light tank; both were armed with a 37 mm main gun. However, the M2 (produced in 1940) was newer by five years. By 1943, the IJA still used the Type 95 and

8152: 6068: 3453:

rounds. While mounting sandbags around a tank had little effect against high-velocity anti-tank gunfire it was thought to provide standoff protection against

3491: 10053: 7702: 4963: 2291:

During World War II, approximately 19,247 Shermans were issued to the U.S. Army and about 1,114 to the U.S. Marine Corps. The U.S. also supplied 17,184 to

1309:

had announced a production program calling for 120,000 tanks for the Allied war effort. Although the American industrial complex was not affected by enemy

7679:

Montgomery's Scientists: Operational Research in Northwest Europe. The work of No.2 Operational Research Section with 21 Army Group June 1944 to July 1945

5948: 2831:

in 1943, predicting that the Panther would be a heavy tank like the Tiger I, and doubted that many would be produced. There were also reports of British

2755:

and M48 Patton tanks, were able to defeat the T-34-85, T-54/55/62 series, and IS-3 tanks used by the Egyptian and Syrian forces in the 1967 Six-Day War.

50:

An M4 (105) Sherman tank with spare track-links welded on its front for additional armor protection, preserved at the Langenberg Liberation Memorial in

10823: 4069: 8127: 1368:

M4, and M4A1 (shown), the first Shermans, share the inverted U backplate and inherited their engine and exhaust system from the earlier M3 Medium Tank

6786: 4294:, as they were often called, were remarkable examples of how a long-obsolete design can be upgraded for front-line use. They saw combat in the 1967 10864: 2951:

M4A2(76) HVSS with T23 turret and later 76 mm gun's muzzle brake; it also sports fenders, usually omitted on U.S. vehicles to ease maintenance

7298: 898: 6448: 4953: 3799:

determined the lifespan of their M4A2 Shermans to be 2,000 to 2,500 km (1,200 to 1,600 mi) or 250–300 hours, comparable to the T-34.

3279:

The transmission housing was rounded, made of three cast sections bolted together or cast as one piece. It ranged from 50.8–108 millimeters (2–

5479: 3184:

The first Sherman delivered to the British Army, showing the three hull mounted .30 machine guns; the pair of fixed weapons were soon deleted.

2306:

The U.S. Marine Corps used the diesel M4A2 and gasoline powered M4A3 in the Pacific. However, the Chief of the Army's Armored Force, Lt. Gen.

3083:; McNair refused, citing the fact that he believed the M4 was adequate. Devers appealed all the way to the War Department, and Major General 824: 1221: 1001:. The M4 Sherman proved to be reliable, relatively cheap to produce, and available in great numbers. It was also the basis of several other 1161:, the placement of a 37 mm gun turret on top gave it a very high profile, and the unusual side-sponson mounted main gun, with limited 3665: 5494: 4317:(REP, "Presidential Escort Regiment") in 2018, which marked the end of service of the final Sherman tanks in use anywhere in the world. 1293:, probably after Michael Dewar, head of the British tank mission in the U.S., the tank was displayed in London and is now an exhibit at 463: 10854: 8788: 2530: 2510: 2502: 2498: 8324: 8292: 9361: 2467:" narrow treads made it much less mobile on mud than its German and Soviet counterparts, and it consumed great quantities of fuel..." 5464: 3924:

spent on servicing the air filters for the R-975; over 23 days of testing, 446 man-hours were spent on cleaning and repairing them.

3792:

average service life was estimated at 1,500 miles (2,400 km). The M4A2 was rated “very high”, while the M4A1 was rated “high”.

3620: 2362:

The Shermans were modified for desert warfare with shields over the tracks and another stowage. The Sherman first saw combat at the

10438: 4930: 1445:

for any vehicle equipped with horizontal volute spring suspension (HVSS), e.g. British operated M4A1(76) was known as Sherman IIA.

1247: 1078: 3361:), though no evidence appears to exist beyond anecdote on the Allied side and post-war. Conversely, it was also allegedly called " 2678:

M4A3E8 were widely used for providing close support to infantry units, particularly during battles for high ground and mountains.

9864: 8738: 3976:

run, the repairmen could change any units, and only the breakdown of internal components and engine parts disqualified the tank.

2326:

Shermans were being issued in small numbers for familiarization to U.S. armored divisions when there was a turn of events in the

3142:

The 75 mm gun also had an effective canister round that functioned as a large shotgun. In the close fighting of the French

2705:

in service, with either the 76 mm gun or a 105 mm M4 howitzer. The U.S. Army replaced the M4 in 1957, in favor of the

7892: 3338: 1146: 5654: 3214:

and was a result of a World War I requirement to be able to sweep the ground in front of an advancing tank with unaimed fire.

9701: 8648: 8629: 8610: 8587: 8568: 8549: 8511: 8492: 8451: 8091: 7967: 7935: 7862: 7839: 7820: 7778: 7729: 7130: 6745: 6081: 5852: 5765: 3334: 2506: 2371: 1361:. The M4A6 had a radial diesel engine as well as the elongated chassis of the M4A4, but only 75 of these were ever produced. 1310: 8733: 7719: 7228:

Record of Army Ordnance Research and Development in WWII: Ordnance Development of the Chrysler A-57 (Multi-Bank) Tank Engine

849: 10193: 7409: 5843:

Gillono, Claude; Hulbert, Leife. Comrade Emcha: Red Army Shermans of WW2 (Battleline, 2). The Oliver Publishing Group, 2011

4231: 3575: 3149: 2795:

In early 1942, tests began on the feasibility of mounting a 105 mm howitzer into the turret of the Sherman. The basic

2352: 9339: 4306:. The M-50 and M-51 Super Shermans were eventually retired from Israel in 1980, and were replaced by the much more modern 2469:

Glantz noted that Soviet tankers preferred the American tanks to the British ones, but preferred Soviet ones most of all.

2322:

British, South African and New Zealand tank crews receive instruction from an American instructor in Egypt, February 1943.

9980: 9110: 3565:

cross-country mobility on level ground is, as the 26th Panzer Division reports, definitely superior to that of our tanks.

963: 891: 10869: 10640: 10047: 9246: 8110: 7757: 1345: 593: 10058: 3260:

The 1943 improvement program added appliqué armor panels to the sides of the turret and hull. This Sherman also has a

10710: 9399: 8670: 8530: 8473: 8424: 8253: 8230: 8194: 8160: 8072: 8049: 8030: 7996: 7902: 7881: 7797: 7686: 7644: 7625: 7598: 7576: 6182: 5934: 5703: 4429: 3890: 3741: 3687: 3515: 3203:

A5 with 4,750 rounds of ammunition, a ball-mounted M1919 A4 in the front hull operated by the assistant driver and a

2518: 1169: 751: 527: 6087: 252: 8718:

Interview with Soviet Tanker Dmitriy Loza detailing the comparative utility of Shermans in the 6th Guards Tank Army

8264: 3056:

was head of the Army Ground Forces from 1942 to 1944. McNair, a former artilleryman, advocated for the role of the

3030: 2767: 2486: 1094:, was incorporated into production vehicles. For anti-tank work, the British refitted Shermans with a 76.2 mm 1873:

The M4 Sherman's basic chassis was used for all the sundry roles of a modern mechanized force. These included the

9931: 9926: 9135: 9130: 9120: 8186: 6530: 6528: 6437:"12th Army Group, Report of Operations (Final After Action Report)" Vol. XI, Wiesbaden, Germany, 1945, pp. 66–67. 4030: 3669: 1999: 1394:

inline engines, that produced a total of 375 hp (280 kW), while the M4A6 used an RD-1820 (a redesigned

1168:

The Sherman's reliability resulted from many features developed for U.S. light tanks during the 1930s, including

10063: 4082: 1149:

designed the M4 medium tank as a replacement for the M3 medium tank. The M3 was an up-gunned development of the

9936: 9875: 8781: 5179: 4625: 3872: 3382:, and self-propelled artillery. Both were an approximately even match for the standard German medium tank, the 3076: 2759: 2682: 1901:

with winches, booms, and an 81 mm mortar for smoke screens; and the M34 (from M32B1) and M35 (from M10A1)

1836: 884: 117: 9870: 8743: 8385: 6525: 5485: 1384:

gasoline engine. There were also two diesel-engined variants. The M4A2 was powered by a pair of liquid-cooled

1264: 10700: 9990: 9743: 9354: 8760: 7007: 6906: 2400:

Additional M4s and M4A1s replaced M3s in U.S. tank battalions over the course of the North African campaign.

1224:(published May 1941, the month following selection of the M4 tank's final design). That field manual stated: 9314: 7455: 3500: 2452: 1576: 1555: 10874: 9959: 8135: 6586: 6584: 6582: 2663: 2612:, leaving 1930s era light and medium armor to do battle against 1940s-built Allied light and medium armor. 2432:

The Red Army considered the M4A2 to be much less prone to catch fire due to ammunition detonation than the

2367: 2343: 1943: 650: 6794: 5676: 3547:

reliability with a minimum of maintenance that this cross-country consideration is completely overweighed.

1699:. Variants of the M4 and M4A3 were factory-produced with a 105 mm howitzer and a distinctive rounded 566:

22–30 mph (35–48 km/h) on road, 15–20 mph (24–32 km/h) off-road depending upon variant

10813: 10105: 9251: 9231: 9054: 8974: 8937: 8927: 8922: 7405: 4047: 3868: 3226:

This early 75 mm gun turret shows the single hatch; the additional rectangular external (welded on)

2448: 2440: 2417: 2363: 1894: 1322: 1073: 234: 6579: 4055: 4051: 3180: 2987:(HVAP) ammunition became available in September 1944 for the 76 mm gun. The projectile contained a 1220:

As the United States approached entry into World War II, armored employment was doctrinally governed by

10765: 10501: 10288: 9691: 9501: 9409: 8953: 8245: 7307: 5254: 5252: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5240: 5238: 5236: 5234: 5232: 5074: 4102: 3200: 3124: 3018: 1126: 630: 602: 439: 177: 167: 7259: 5230: 5228: 5226: 5224: 5222: 5220: 5218: 5216: 5214: 5212: 2717:. The U.S. continued to transfer Shermans to its allies, which contributed to widespread foreign use. 2439:

By 1945, some Red Army armored units were equipped entirely with the Sherman. Such units included the

2397:, a platoon from the 2nd Battalion, 13th Armored Regiment was lost to enemy tanks and anti-tank guns. 45: 10879: 10775: 10770: 10453: 10443: 10161: 8964: 8774: 8766: 5275: 4223: 4127: 4123: 4119: 3420: 3173:

105 mm Shermans in the headquarters company. The 105 mm-armed variants were issued the M67

2578: 2274: 1995: 1931: 1118: 1048:, which – for speed of development – had its main armament in a side 1014: 1002: 272: 132: 9236: 6456: 3530:

A long-distance service trial conducted in Britain in 1943 compared diesel and gasoline Shermans to

3328:

Research for tank casualties in Normandy from 6 June to 10 July 1944 conducted by the British No. 2

3063:

McNair approved the 76 mm upgrade to the M4 Sherman and production of the 90 mm gun-armed

147: 10308: 10186: 9896: 9891: 9885: 9610: 9347: 8912: 8798: 7586: 7219:

Pat Ware. M4 Sherman Tank Owners' Workshop Manual: 1941 Onwards (All Variants) – Zenith Press, 2012

5816: 5209: 4433: 4145: 4021: 3714: 3607:

Staff Sergeant and tank platoon sergeant Charles A. Carden completes the comparison in his report:

3408: 3174: 2937: 2925: 2812: 2375: 2286: 2100: 2043: 1935: 1898: 1388: 1038: 1030: 1006: 958: 512: 239: 17: 2412: 10780: 10594: 10323: 10313: 9669: 9370: 9072: 7099: 3861: 2490: 1939: 1302: 1205: 192: 8368: 7469: 7079: 5130:(totaling some 64,549 produced during wartime) is the only tank to be produced in larger numbers 3652:

may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience

2932:

was the combat debut of the 76 mm gun-armed Sherman, in the form of the M4A1(76)W. General

2658:

Since then, a total of 679 M4A3E8 were deployed on the Korean Peninsula in 1950. The M4A3E8 and

1022: 10690: 10253: 9763: 9596: 9082: 8992: 8969: 8959: 8852: 8218: 5695: 5108:

Paraguay retired the final three active Shermans from its Presidential Escort Regiment in 2018.

4696: 4629: 4268: 4036: 4026: 3091:

then summarily ordered the tanks to be provided to the ETO as soon as possible. Soon after the

2686: 2542: 2494: 2331: 2318: 1886: 1867: 1639: 1381: 1373: 1158: 1095: 994: 736: 586: 483: 8680: 3656:

Specifically, Dozens of entries about reliability testing is far too granular for this article

3001:. Most Shermans carried only a few rounds at any one time, and some units never received any. 2662:-85 were comparable and could destroy each other at normal combat ranges, although the use of 1380:

V8 gasoline engine, and the M4A4 used the liquid-cooled 370 hp (280 kW) 30 cylinder

355:

8 ft 7 in (2.62 m) to 9 ft 10 in (3.00 m) depending upon variant

10202: 9830: 9226: 9002: 8997: 8942: 4819: 4149: 3907: 3136: 2832: 2534: 2514: 2347: 2327: 2270: 1991: 1420: 1306: 1285: 1069: 844: 698: 489: 262: 162: 3943:

The new engine was approved for production on June 17, 1943, with 200 units ordered for the

1399: 10725: 10680: 9995: 9835: 9369: 9241: 9187: 8340: 8308: 7696: 4182: 3796: 3096: 2912: 2647:

was the main tank force of the U.S. military until the signing of the armistice agreement.

2609: 2561: 1947: 612: 538:

138–175 US gal (520–660 L; 115–146 imp gal) depending upon variant

290:$ 44,556–64,455 in 1945 dollars, depending upon variant ($ 607,861–879,336 in 2017 dollars) 8244:. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books; 2nd edition, originally published 2000 by 5872:. Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation. 21 September 2010 3759:

In September 1942 the British developed some potential improvements and tested the tanks.

2895: 398: 8: 10834: 10830: 10650: 10645: 10179: 10068: 9910: 9859: 8355: 8064: 7568: 4958: 3993: 3475: 3329: 3301:

The armor of the Sherman was ineffective against most Axis tanks (such as tanks like the

3114: 3041: 3012:, 1944. This is an M4 composite, showing the late cast hull front with large crew hatches 2941: 2886: 2589: 2370:. At the start of the offensive, there were 252 tanks fit for action. These equipped the 1859: 1403: 953: 834: 516: 157: 127: 8717: 6405: 5896: 5865: 4280: 3920:

damage or loss of a third of its original power took the engine out of the competition.

2997:

the 76 mm gun M1, being fitted into the cartridge case of the M10 tank destroyer's

2744: 2632:

Last type in US service: M4A3E8 Sherman used as artillery in firing position during the

10233: 10001: 9674: 9659: 9642: 9629: 9414: 9064: 9018: 9007: 8366: 5500: 5470: 5140: 4011: 4002: 3535: 3197: 3128: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3064: 2885:

undulating terrain. The barrel length was reduced by 15 in (380 mm) (from 57

2690: 2538: 1878: 1874: 1683: 1213: 1173: 1034: 839: 759: 436: 257: 187: 6678: 5536: 3601: 3264:, a 1944 field improvisation for breaking through the thick hedgerows of the Normandy 2940:

were initially issued 75 mm M4s and accepted 76 mm-armed M4s only after the

2556:

A platoon of Sherman tanks of the 713th Tank Battalion gathered at a ridge on Okinawa.

2303:. These numbers were distributed further to the respective countries' allied nations. 10511: 9783: 9748: 9711: 9664: 9577: 9034: 8666: 8644: 8625: 8606: 8583: 8564: 8545: 8526: 8507: 8488: 8469: 8447: 8430: 8420: 8332: 8300: 8249: 8226: 8200: 8190: 8087: 8068: 8045: 8026: 8002: 7992: 7973: 7963: 7941: 7931: 7898: 7877: 7858: 7854: 7835: 7816: 7793: 7774: 7753: 7725: 7682: 7640: 7621: 7604: 7594: 7572: 7532: 7509: 7126: 7018: 6741: 6706: 6567: 6372: 6260: 6077: 5055: 5023: 4973: 4934: 4248:

Canadian M4 Sherman "Grizzly" at the Heeresgeschichtliches Museum in Vienna, Austria.

4238: 4132: 3720: 3092: 2743:

in 1967, the Israeli Army upgraded about 180 M4A1(76)W HVSS Shermans with the French

2339: 1902: 1314: 1102:). Some were fitted with a 105 mm howitzer to act as infantry support vehicles. 930: 769: 663: 658: 579: 197: 9100: 7908: 6076:(in Korean). Republic of Korea: Ministry of Defense Institute for Military History. 2804: 2584: 10750: 10685: 10630: 10036: 9854: 9840: 9817: 9789: 9536: 9404: 9374: 8412: 8189:, United Kingdom Civil Series (1975 ed.). London, UK: H.M. Stationery Office. 5853:Лоза Дмитрий Федорович – Я Помню. Герои Великой Отечественной войны. Участники ВОВ. 5004: 4287: 3432: 3362: 3194: 3161: 3053: 3009: 2933: 2747:

gun, re-engined them with Cummins diesel engines, and designated the upgraded tank

2356: 1395: 1349: 635: 625: 244: 142: 51: 10346: 9256: 3204: 2965: 10720: 10655: 10481: 10423: 10418: 10386: 10073: 9902: 9621: 9591: 9481: 9319: 9282: 9182: 9177: 8688: 8602: 8416: 8180: 7986: 7957: 7953: 7923: 7768: 7747: 6735: 5088: 4202: 4175: 4153: 4040: 3395: 3101: 3068: 3022: 2929: 2669:

The M4A3E8 had weaker anti-tank combat capability compared to the larger caliber

2652: 2617: 2462: 2390: 2307: 1696: 1687: 1594: 1377: 1318: 1294: 1273: 1099: 1053: 925: 794: 477: 277: 122: 10171: 8728: 8723: 8354: 5185: 3486: 3004: 2489:

often consisted of high-profile armored warfare, the mainly naval nature of the

1691:

Later M4A1, M4A2, and M4A3 models received the larger turret with high velocity

1196: 339:

66,800–84,000 lb (33.4–42.0 short tons, 30.3–38.1 tonnes) depending upon variant

10745: 10740: 10735: 10730: 10715: 10705: 10670: 10660: 10577: 10572: 10544: 10534: 10371: 10089: 10079: 10025: 9794: 9551: 9546: 9471: 9207: 9202: 9197: 9192: 9172: 9167: 9125: 8984: 8870: 8406: 8176: 7169: 7167: 7165: 7163: 7161: 7159: 5866:"IRemember.ru – Memories of veterans of the Great Patriotic War – Dmitriy Loza" 4902: 4303: 4006: 3785: 3379: 3071:

series and its descendants, the T25 and T26 (which would eventually become the

3057: 2808: 2573: 2292: 1385: 1209: 1150: 1110: 1083: 1057: 1010: 804: 706: 688: 620: 381: 182: 8748: 8100: 7977: 7297:

Office of Chief of Finance (1946). "Section III-A Ordnance General Supplies".

7087:. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. p. 302 6534: 5949:"Lend-Lease Saved Countless Lives — but Probably Didn't Win the Eastern Front" 3812:

and the M4A4 covered 1,343 miles (2,161 km) in 149 hours and 35 minutes.

3616:

make a counterattack against us over ground that for us was nearly impassable.

2947: 2481:

Chinese M4A4 Sherman of the Sino-American Provisional Tank Group in East Burma

386:

12.7 to 177.8 mm (0.50 to 7.00 in) depending on location and variant

10848: 10665: 10526: 10496: 10491: 10486: 10476: 10471: 10448: 9822: 9778: 9735: 9727: 9719: 9528: 9517: 9496: 9491: 9486: 9476: 9466: 9419: 9287: 9277: 9272: 9162: 9049: 9044: 9039: 8832: 8827: 8658: 8461: 8434: 8336: 8304: 8204: 8006: 7655: 7608: 7536: 7513: 6264: 6062: 6060: 6058: 6056: 6054: 5068: 5010: 4998: 4916: 4291: 3531: 3465: 3450: 3243:

Later models of the M4A1, M4A2 and M4A3 Sherman tanks were equipped with the

3169: 3119: 3037:; these were not as accurate as standard rounds and not generally available. 2998: 2993: 2961: 2957: 2908: 2796: 2789: 2785: 2748: 2736: 2605: 2601: 2569: 2565: 2273:. Here one of the 7th Army lands at Red Beach 2 on July 10, 1943, during the 1656: 1407: 1337: 1326: 1234: 1177: 1154: 809: 683: 678: 668: 571: 455: 412: 72: 8392:. Field Service Regulations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 8373:. Field Service Regulations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 7504:

Mahé, Yann (February 2011). "Le Blindorama : La Turquie, 1935 – 1945".

7156: 6376: 3668:

any relevant information, and removing excessive detail that may be against

3033:

rounds for the 17-pounder, which could readily breach the armor of even the

2295:(some of which in turn went to the Canadians and the Free Poles), while the 1372:

Most Sherman sub-types ran on gasoline. The air-cooled Continental-produced

1052:

mount. The M4 retained much of the previous mechanical design but moved the

10790: 10785: 10695: 10675: 10506: 10463: 10413: 10393: 10318: 10303: 10144: 10110: 10084: 10042: 10006: 9846: 9800: 9706: 9461: 9453: 9292: 9095: 9090: 8932: 8898: 8802: 8444:

Sledgehammers: Strengths and Flaws of Tiger Tank Battalions in World War II

8387: 7945: 7812: 6177:[M4A3 Sherman: The History Of The Navy's First Marine Corps Tank]. 5127: 5042: 4992: 4833: 4244: 4093: 4086: 3587: 3553: 3539: 3399: 3387: 3350: 3346: 3072: 2916: 2903: 2828: 2670: 2526: 2456: 2296: 1863: 1851: 1840: 1692: 1675: 1478: 1341: 1091: 1026: 998: 940: 741: 451: 405: 112: 10341: 6051: 5049: 4208:

A similar vehicle was developed in Canada from January 1941, known as the

4060: 3449:

links, concrete, wire mesh, or even wood for increased protection against

1858:) formed part of the group of specialized vehicles collectively known as " 10554: 10398: 10366: 10361: 10356: 10351: 10333: 10258: 10248: 10148: 9985: 9561: 9440: 9012: 8862: 8847: 4778: 4710: 4692: 4675: 4621: 4295: 4198: 4113: 3944: 3935: 3571: 3519: 3459: 3354: 3210: 2740: 2727: 2722: 2593: 2444: 1700: 1181: 1122: 986: 731: 430: 172: 152: 62: 8150: 7078:

Green, Constance McLaughlin; Thomson, Harry C.; Roots, Peter C. (1955).

6907:"A Poor Defense: Sherman tanks in WW2 – University of Illinois Archives" 6590: 5404: 4074:

POA-CWS-H5 (US Army), M4-3A-8R (USMC) with coaxial H1A-H5A flamethrower.

3222: 10564: 10539: 10403: 10243: 10228: 10210: 10128: 9964: 9880: 9541: 9506: 9432: 9391: 9306: 8890: 8842: 8819: 7674: 7356: 7354: 5029: 5016: 4978: 4633: 4257: 4213: 4194: 3875: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3322: 3261: 3244: 3153: 3021:

in a standard 75 mm M4 Sherman turret. This conversion became the

2899: 2816: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2674: 2640: 2633: 2546: 2335: 1855: 1847: 1414: 1391: 1238: 1162: 1114: 1061: 1018: 865: 789: 784: 774: 764: 726: 640: 467: 137: 8796: 6027: 10614: 10549: 10408: 10298: 10278: 10273: 10238: 10218: 10132: 9758: 9634: 9424: 8947: 8837: 5487:

Field Service Regulations 17–33, The Tank Battalion, Light and Medium

5036: 4968: 4723: 4593: 4348: 4335: 4186: 4017: 3963: 3383: 3310: 3302: 3230:

armor patch reinforces the ammunition bin protection on the hull side

2969: 2820: 2522: 1882: 1277: 1087: 829: 711: 501: 7653: 7351: 7173:

Archive Canadian Military Headquarters, London (1939–1947) RG 24 C 2

6254: 5258: 3850: 2560:

During the early stages of combat in the Pacific, specifically, the

1364: 10635: 10604: 10516: 10293: 10030: 9511: 6428:

by Roman Jarymowycz, Ch. 13 "'Who killed Tiger?' The Great Scandal"

5614: 5061: 4804: 4751: 4737: 4487: 4217:

roadwheels remained the M3 vertical volute pattern, with the idler

4209: 3613: 3034: 2988: 2394: 1572: 1551: 1358: 1090:

pieces. Later in the war, a more effective armor-piercing gun, the

799: 471: 2811:

gun that could penetrate an estimated 88 mm (3.5 in) of

2751:. The Sherman tanks, fighting alongside the 105 mm Centurion 2592:, an M4A1 (75 mm) advances through a tropical rain forest on 2477: 1449:

M4 Sherman: comparison of key product features of selected models

876: 371:

5 (commander, gunner, loader, driver, assistant driver/bow gunner)

10795: 10625: 10599: 10263: 10223: 8712: 7681:. Laurier Centre for Military Strategic and Disarmament Studies. 6271: 4948: 4647: 4460: 4362: 4307: 4299: 4046:). Other artillery vehicles that share the same chassis include: 3391: 3207: 3026: 2824: 1890: 1201: 1049: 935: 673: 427: 10158:

British armoured fighting vehicle production during World War II

9331:

American armored fighting vehicle production during World War II

8125: 7366: 7339: 7105: 6754: 6181:(in Indonesian). Indomiliter.com. 17 August 2013. Archived from 6133: 6131: 4984: 4596:: Inherited from the Netherlands following independence in 1949. 4256:

armies; Shermans were used by the U.S. and allied forces in the

4170: 3624:

A Sherman with track widening "duckbill" extended end connectors

2628: 1670: 1260:

American armored fighting vehicle production during World War II

1137: 1056:

into a fully traversing central turret. One feature, a one-axis

10376: 10136: 9569: 8875: 7474: 6707:"T/O&E 7–25 Armored Infantry Battalion (15 September 1943)" 5717: 5626: 5526: 5524: 4888: 4875: 4847: 4791: 4660: 4566: 4527: 4500: 4390: 4376: 4284: 4276: 4264: 4212:. Like the Sherman, this was based on the M3 Lee's chassis and 3511: 3272: 3265: 3144: 2976: 2766:, which used them until 1949 before they were passed on to the 2758:

M4A3s were also used by British forces in Indonesia during the

2732: 2421: 1706: 1233:

The M4 was, therefore, not originally intended primarily as an

1045: 814: 716: 492:) 9 cylinder radial diesel engine; 450 hp (336 kW) at 2,400 rpm 267: 6611: 5815:

Office, Chief of Finance (31 December 1946). "Section III-B".

3726:

You can help by providing page numbers for existing citations.

2871:

Max penetration distance on unsloped rolled homogeneous armor

10140: 7897:. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas. p. 152. 7329: 7327: 7275: 7273: 7056: 7023: 6979: 6977: 6766: 6623: 6128: 5602: 4861: 4607: 4579: 4540: 4474: 4416: 4403: 4272: 4237:

A later Canadian medium tank, produced in late 1943, was the

3358: 2385:

M4A3(76)W HVSS participating in a World War II victory parade

2300: 2269:

The first Sherman in U.S. service, the M4A1, appeared in the

1330: 819: 486:~(30 cylinder) gasoline engine; 370 hp (276 kW) at 2,400 rpm 7695: 7146: 7144: 7142: 6635: 6500: 6498: 6209: 5821:. War Department. p. 8 – via Hyperwar Foundation. 5784: 5563: 5521: 5509: 5410: 5389:

AGF policy statement. Chief of staff AGF. November 1943. MHI

3581:

Because of their wider tracks and use of the characteristic

2857:

Lethal shrapnel pieces in a 20 ft radius from HE round

2265: 1897:

self-propelled artillery; the M32 and M74 "tow truck"-style

10760: 10755: 10587: 10582: 10433: 10428: 10283: 10268: 10100: 10095: 9382: 8810: 6515: 6513: 5592: 5590: 5081: 4765: 4553: 4447: 4253: 4227: 4163: 3998:

Vehicles that used the M4 chassis or hull derived from M4:

3454: 3374: 3067:, but he at first staunchly opposed mass production of the 2984: 2763: 2681:

From December 1951, around 20 M4A3E8s saw service with the

2659: 2433: 2381: 779: 561: 8582:. New Vanguard Number 137. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. 7324: 7296: 7292: 7290: 7288: 7270: 7035: 6974: 6964: 6962: 6343: 2334:, threatening Egypt and Britain's supply line through the 347:

19 ft 2 in–20 ft 7 in (5.84–6.27 m) depending upon variant

8563:. New Vanguard Number 97. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. 8544:. New Vanguard Number 73. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. 8525:. New Vanguard Number 35. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. 8506:. New Vanguard Number 33. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. 7231: 7139: 6923: 6820: 6659: 6555: 6543: 6495: 6483: 6383: 6319: 6283: 6175:"M4A3 Sherman: Sejarah Tank Pertama Korps Marinir TNI AL" 6143: 5551: 2803:

The Sherman would enter combat in 1942 equipped with the

1424:

This M4A4 has extra armor plates in front of crew hatches

552:

100–150 mi (160–240 km) depending upon variant

6947: 6839: 6837: 6835: 6510: 6295: 6197: 5979: 5814: 5796: 5772: 5741: 5587: 5452: 5428: 5416: 5084:– T-34-85 variant comparable to the "Easy Eight" variant 2389:

The first U.S. Shermans in battle were M4s and M4A1s in

2299:

received 4,102 and an estimated 812 were transferred to

363:

9 ft 0 in–9 ft 9 in (2.74–2.97 m) depending upon variant

7402:"Paraguayan Army retires last M4 Shermans from service" 7285: 6989: 6959: 6935: 6887: 6856: 6854: 6852: 6599: 6471: 6307: 6236: 6155: 6116: 6015: 5298: 5296: 4039:– 155 mm self-propelled artillery (armed with the 3586:

following comparing the U.S. M4 Sherman and the German

3542:). The British officer commanding the trial concluded: 2731:

long high-velocity 75 mm gun CN 75-50 used in the

1678:-equipped M4A3 with Horizontal Volute Spring Suspension 8679: 8408:

Panzer Commander: The Memoirs of Colonel Hans von Luck

8389:

FM 17–33, The Armored Battalion, Light and Medium

8061:

Germany's Tiger Tanks Tiger I & II: Combat Tactics

7871: 7770:

British Battle Tanks: American-made World War II Tanks

7436: 7424: 7378: 6877: 6875: 6873: 6871: 6869: 6647: 5542: 5199: 5197: 4263:

After World War II, quite a few Shermans also went to

3463:

anti-tank grenade launcher and the 88 mm caliber

1284:

The first production of the Sherman took place at the

1141:

Cutaway Sherman showing transmission and driver's seat

556:

60–100 mi (97–161 km) depending upon variant

442:

machine guns (6,000–6,750 rounds) depending on variant

7721:

Stalin's Keys to Victory: The Rebirth of the Red Army

7531:(in French). No. 62. Caraktère. pp. 66–79. 7019:

The Sherman “Ronson” Myth, Ed Webster, August 4, 2023

6832: 6808: 6048:, p. 35, "tank guns could not penetrate bunkers" 5955: 5915: 5729: 5638: 5440: 3932:

upgraded to the later model during a major overhaul.

3492:

Royal Museum of the Armed Forces and Military History

7249:

Defense Technology Information Center (DTIC) Archive

7073: 7071: 6849: 6371:. Albany, NY USA: Overmatch Press. pp. 60, 62. 6331: 6228:

Bird, Lorrin Rexford; Livingston, Robert D. (2001).

6003: 5991: 5967: 5825: 5753: 5683:, Pierre-Olivier Buan, Joe DeMarco and Leife Hulbert 5575: 5392: 5368: 5344: 5332: 5293: 4964:

Allied technological cooperation during World War II

4610:: From post-WWII; M4A3E8 Sherman supplied by the US. 530:(VVSS) or horizontal volute spring suspension (HVSS) 10151:, field conversions of vehicles of various origins 8331:(in French). No. 47. Caraktère. pp. 6–9. 8299:(in French). No. 45. Caraktère. pp. 4–7. 7508:(in French). No. 41. Caraktère. pp. 4–7. 7081:

The Ordnance Department: Planning Munitions for War

6866: 6679:"T/O&E 17–25 Tank Battalion (18 November 1944)" 5647:"United States' M4 medium tank production, Sherman" 5502:

Field Service Regulations FM 100–5, Operations

5472:

Field Service Regulations FM 100–5, Operations

5320: 5308: 5194: 4290:, designated the M-50 and M-51 respectively. These 4252:After World War II, Shermans were supplied to some 2600:To counter the Sherman, the Japanese developed the 27:

American medium tank widely used during World War 2

10824:List of armoured fighting vehicles of World War II 8724:M4 Sherman Photos and Walk Arounds on Prime Portal 8362:. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. 7556:Medium tank Sherman. Together and against the T-34 6362: 6360: 6358: 6104: 4298:, fighting Soviet World War II-era armor like the 4271:, seeking an upgrade, up-gunned it using the 75mm 10201: 7077: 7068: 4029:– self-propelled gun, paired in service with the 1017:. Tens of thousands were distributed through the 480:V8 gasoline engine; 450 hp (336 kW) at 2,600 rpm 10846: 8086:. SabIngaMartin Publications. pp. 5–6, 26. 7991:. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books. 7872:Hernandez Cabos, Rodrigo; Prigent, John (2001). 7634: 7615: 7372: 7360: 5723: 5632: 5620: 5356: 4068:POA-CWS-H1-H2 (US Army) M4-3A5R (USMC) "Mark 1" 3788:due to oil getting into the combustion chamber. 8487:. New Vanguard. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. 6400: 6398: 6355: 6070:Korean War : Weapons of the United Nations 2975:In late summer 1944, after breaking out of the 2966:(especially the earlier Ausf. D and A versions) 10860:Military vehicles introduced from 1940 to 1944 9400:Light tank Mk I, Mk II, Mk III, Mk IV and Mk V 8657: 8624:. Duel No. 13. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. 8468:. Vanguard 19. London, UK: Osprey Publishing. 7959:Sherman: A History of the American Medium Tank 7930:. San Rafael, California: Taurus Enterprises. 7928:Sherman: A History of the American Medium Tank 7894:Combined arms warfare in the twentieth century 7766: 7215: 7213: 7211: 7204:(in Russian), Federal Archival Agency (Russia) 7121:Speer, Albert (2009). "chapter 17, 2nd note". 7029: 6772: 6760: 6257:Ballistic data performance of ammunition, 1948 6227: 5530: 4954:List of land vehicles of the U.S. Armed Forces 4810: 3079:(ETO), asked for 250 T26 tanks for use in the 3047: 2944:against Panther tanks in late September 1944. 1684:75 mm medium-velocity general-purpose gun 1208:in action against German troops using crashed 1033:. The tank was named by the British after the 601: 10187: 9355: 8782: 7456:"Medium Tank M4A2 Sherman in Chinese Service" 7053:WO 185/118, DDG/FV(D) Armor plate experiments 6255:United States Department of the Army (1948). 4985:Tanks of comparable role, performance and era 4193:The Sherman was extensively supplied through 3193:The standard secondary armament comprised; a 2701:After World War II, the U.S. kept the M4A3E8 892: 587: 324: 98: 8622:Panther vs Sherman: Battle of the Bulge 1944 8025:. New Vanguard Number 5. Osprey Publishing. 7834:(1st ed.). St. Paul, MN: Zenith Press. 7591:British Armour in the Normandy Campaign 1944 6395: 6366: 5935:"The Secret Way the Allies Won World War II" 4005:also known as 3-in gun motor carriage M10 – 3767:successful after a 600-mile run and firing. 3402:as the heavy tanks of their forces instead. 2655:to support the 25th U.S. Infantry Division. 8542:M4 (76 mm) Sherman Medium Tank 1943–65 7767:Fletcher, David; Zaloga, Steven J. (2018). 7637:British and American Tanks of World War Two 7553: 7491:Defense & Foreign Affairs Handbook 1999 7333: 7306:. War Department. p. 8. Archived from 7279: 7208: 5669: 5385: 5383: 4139: 2839:Effectiveness of common American tank guns 2762:until 1946 when they were passed on to the 1850:, and various rocket launchers such as the 519:transmission, 5 forward and 1 reverse gears 460:350 or 400 hp (261 or 298 kW) at 2,400 rpm 10819: 10194: 10180: 9362: 9348: 8789: 8775: 8081: 8039: 8020: 7984: 7829: 7635:Chamberlain, Peter; Ellis, Chris (2004) . 7616:Chamberlain, Peter; Ellis, Chris (2005) . 7565:Standard Catalog of U.S. Military Vehicles 7497: 7150: 6929: 6826: 6641: 6519: 6504: 6369:World War II Ballistics: Armor and Gunnery 6149: 6137: 5515: 5458: 5422: 4933:: 599 M4A3E4 Shermans received during the 4699:received 44 Sherman tanks in January 1952. 2907:self-propelled anti-tank gun) mounted the 1253: 899: 885: 594: 580: 8386:U.S. War Department (18 September 1942). 8293:"Blindorama : L'Argentine 1926–1945" 8239: 8044:. Schiffer Publishing, Ltd. p. 129. 7952: 7922: 7482: 7395: 7393: 7237: 7187: 7062: 6665: 6215: 6203: 5802: 5790: 5778: 5764:sfn error: no target: CITEREFZaloga2018 ( 5747: 5434: 4313:Paraguay retired three Shermans from the 4197:to Britain, the Soviet Union, China, and 3891:Learn how and when to remove this message 3742:Learn how and when to remove this message 3688:Learn how and when to remove this message 3574:testing facility, as well as by the U.S. 2393:the following month. On 6 December, near 2346:when news of the defeat broke; President 8466:Armour of the Middle East Wars 1948–1978 8404: 7830:Green, Michael; Brown, James D. (2007). 6722:includes changes up to 21 November 1944. 5380: 5374: 5045:– Comparable to the "Easy Eight" variant 5019:– Comparable to the "Easy Eight" variant 4243: 4181: 4169: 4157: 3962: 3934: 3906: 3619: 3510: 3485: 3255: 3221: 3179: 3118: 3003: 2946: 2627: 2583: 2551: 2476: 2411: 2380: 2317: 2264: 1705: 1669: 1419: 1363: 1336: 1305:(PTO). Before September 1942, President 1263: 1195: 1136: 1132: 504:(8.60–11.09 kW/t) depending upon variant 10865:World War II tanks of the United States 10059:Bedford Cockatrice and Heavy Cockatrice 8643:. Duel. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. 8441: 8411:. New York, New York: Dell Publishing. 8325:"Blindorama : Brésil, 1921 – 1945" 8262: 7988:Tank Tactics: From Normandy to Lorraine 7851:Sherman Firefly Vs Tiger: Normandy 1944 7787: 7585: 7526: 7384: 6995: 6968: 6941: 6893: 6629: 6426:Tank Tactics: From Normandy to Lorraine 6367:Bird, Lorrin; Lingston, Robert (2001). 5693: 5644: 4740:: Received M4A1E6 Shermans from the US. 4065:M4A2 with bow mounted E4-5 flamethrower 3127:M4A3 uses its flame thrower during the 1433:for a vehicle with the 76 mm gun, 1159:British in Africa against German forces 14: 10847: 8665:. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal. 8638: 8619: 8596: 8577: 8558: 8539: 8520: 8501: 8482: 8460: 8322: 8290: 8175: 8157:World of Tanks - The Chieftain's Hatch 8132:World of Tanks - The Chieftain's Hatch 8107:World of Tanks - The Chieftain's Hatch 7745: 7724:. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books. 7562: 7442: 7430: 7390: 7345: 7041: 6983: 6843: 6814: 6791:World of Tanks - The Chieftain's Hatch 6720:– via www.militaryresearch.org. 6692:– via www.militaryresearch.org. 6653: 6617: 6605: 6573: 6561: 6549: 6489: 6477: 6453:World of Tanks - The Chieftain's Hatch 6389: 6349: 6337: 6325: 6313: 6301: 6289: 6277: 6242: 6161: 6122: 6110: 6045: 6033: 6021: 6009: 5997: 5985: 5973: 5961: 5921: 5831: 5759: 5735: 5608: 5596: 5581: 5569: 5557: 5446: 5398: 5338: 5326: 5314: 5302: 5203: 4014:also known as Jackson – tank destroyer 1686:. Although Ordnance began work on the 1674:An M4A3(76)W HVSS – a 1147:United States Army Ordnance Department 10175: 9343: 8770: 8504:M3 & M5 Stuart Light Tank 1940–45 8360:Army Service Forces Catalog ORD 5-3-1 8084:Lion and Lioness of the Line Volume 5 8058: 8040:Jentz, Thomas; Doyle, Hilary (1995). 8021:Jentz, Thomas; Doyle, Hilary (1993). 7890: 7806: 7773:(ebook ed.). Osprey Publishing. 7752:. Havertown PA: Casemate Publishers. 7399: 7120: 6785:Moran, Nicholas (September 2, 2014). 6784: 6733: 6446: 5350: 5187:Army Service Forces Catalog ORD 5-3-1 4919:: Original operator, retired in 1957. 3373:Comparisons can be drawn between the 3245:T80 turret developed for the T23 tank 3188: 1652:cast front, welded sides; lengthened 1068:When the M4 tank went into combat in 880: 575: 8217: 7848: 7749:Sherman: The M4 Tank in World War II 7717: 7673: 7503: 6953: 6881: 6860: 6221: 5894: 5362: 4632:, 1954). Retired (1971, replaced by 4463:: M4A3E4 Sherman supplied by the US. 4174:An Israeli Army Sherman tank during 4099:, and other Sherman rocket launchers 4052:250-millimetre (9.8 in) MMC T94 3873:adding citations to reliable sources 3844: 3699: 3636: 3590:in a report to Allied headquarters: 1121:, briefly with South Vietnam in the 97:United States, and many others (see 9131:M16/M17 multiple gun motor carriage 9121:M13/M14 multiple gun motor carriage 8641:T-34-85 vs M26 Pershing: Korea 1950 8367:U.S. War Department (22 May 1941). 7701:. Wargaming.net. 14 November 2012. 6576:, pp. 72–77, "McNair's Folly". 6447:Moran, Nicholas (January 2, 2014). 6066: 5895:Loza, Dimitri (21 September 2010). 5700:Military History of the Great Lakes 4320: 4232:Kangaroo armored personnel carriers 4018:105 mm howitzer motor carriage M7B1 3390:(technically a medium tank) or the 3040:After the heavy tank losses of the 2618:out the other side without stopping 2568:fought against the equally matched 1222:Field Manual 100–5, Operations 1153:of 1939, in turn, derived from the 906: 406:76 mm gun M1A1, M1A1C, or M1A2 24: 10048:Australian experimental light tank 9415:Light tank Mk VIII 'Harry Hopkins' 9373:armoured fighting vehicles of the 9247:8-inch howitzer motor carriage T84 9126:M15 combination gun motor carriage 8751:American Heroes Channel on youtube 8561:M18 Hellcat Tank Destroyer 1943–97 8265:"Stabilized Guns for Yanks' Tanks" 7985:Jarymowycz, Roman Johann (2009) . 7790:Tanks: Main battle and light tanks 7660:American Fighting Vehicle Database 7488: 7300:Quantities of Lend-Lease Shipments 6694:includes changes to 6 January 1945 6232:. Overmatch Press. pp. 62–63. 6230:WWII Ballistics: Armor and Gunnery 5818:Quantities of Lend-Lease Shipments 5694:Whitman, Jeremy (7 October 2015). 5268: 4109:, Mobile Assault Bridge, and T1E3 4037:155 mm gun motor carriage M40 4027:155 mm gun motor carriage M12 2778: 2472: 2260: 249:Federal Machine and Welder Company 25: 10891: 10855:Medium tanks of the United States 8705: 8101:Moran, Nicholas (April 1, 2012). 7400:Rivas, Santiago (22 April 2018). 5704:Michigan Technological University 4012:90 mm gun motor carriage M36 1537:gasoline Continental R975 radial 1523:gasoline Continental R975 radial 1509:gasoline Continental R975 radial 1495:gasoline Continental R975 radial 1170:vertical volute spring suspension 528:Vertical volute spring suspension 10818: 10809: 10808: 8757:at U.S. Veterans Memorial Museum 8381:– via Hyperwar Foundation. 8323:Tracol, Xavier (February 2012). 8151:Moran, Nicholas (June 6, 2015). 7962:. Echo Point Books & Media. 7705:from the original on 27 May 2015 7698:Operation Think Tank 2012 Part 4 7593:. London: Taylor & Francis. 7520: 7462: 7448: 7252: 7243: 7222: 7193: 7114: 7047: 7012: 7001: 6899: 6778: 6727: 6699: 6671: 5411:Operation Think Tank 2012 Part 4 5160: 4923: 4909: 4895: 4881: 4868: 4854: 4840: 4826: 4812: 4797: 4784: 4771: 4758: 4744: 4730: 4716: 4703: 4685: 4666: 4653: 4640: 4614: 4600: 4586: 4572: 4559: 4546: 4533: 4520: 4507: 4493: 4480: 4467: 4453: 4440: 4422: 4409: 4396: 4383: 4369: 4355: 4341: 4328: 3849: 3704: 3641: 3431: 3419: 3407: 3296: 2768:Indonesian National Armed Forces 2549:easier to transport and deploy. 2407: 1212:gliders as cover near Ranville, 1044:The M4 Sherman evolved from the 488:M4A6 model: Caterpillar D-200A ( 320: 44: 9932:Morris Light Reconnaissance Car 9927:Humber Light Reconnaissance Car 9876:Marmon-Herrington Armoured Cars 9136:M19 multiple gun motor carriage 8749:Top Ten Tanks- #10: M-4 Sherman 8291:Tracol, Xavier (October 2011). 8187:History of the Second World War 8159:. Wargaming.net. Archived from 8134:. Wargaming.net. Archived from 8126:Moran, Nicholas (May 7, 2014). 8109:. Wargaming.net. Archived from 6793:. Wargaming.net. Archived from 6455:. Wargaming.net. Archived from 6440: 6431: 6419: 6248: 6167: 6039: 6036:, p. 215–17, 318 captions. 5941: 5927: 5888: 5858: 5846: 5837: 5808: 5687: 5147: 5133: 5120: 4891:: 34 delivered in January 1945. 4315:Regimiento Escolta Presidencial 4105:– D-8, M1, and M1A1 dozers, M4 4033:(also derived from the Sherman) 3860:needs additional citations for 3556:recounted in his autobiography 3499:over 180 mm (7.1 in) 2313: 2172:September 1944 – December 1944 2055:Federal Machine and Welder Co. 2000:Pacific Car and Foundry Company 1969:February 1944 – September 1944 1268:The second production Sherman, 466:twin inline diesel engine; 375 268:Pacific Car and Foundry Company 9937:Otter Light Reconnaissance Car 8744:Sherman at israeli-weapons.com 8103:"US Guns, German Armour, Pt 1" 6787:"US Guns, German Armour, Pt 2" 6740:. Zenith Imprint. p. 93. 5111: 5102: 4864:: One turretless M4A1 Sherman. 3987: 3632: 3604:exceeds that of the Sherman." 3522:with similar suspension system 3457:weapons, primarily the German 3077:European Theater of Operations 2760:Indonesian National Revolution 2683:Republic of Korea Marine Corps 2122:February 1944 – December 1944 2007:February 1942 – December 1943 1664:W = ammunition stowage system 1437:for the 105 mm howitzer, 305: 118:Indonesian National Revolution 13: 1: 10203:Tanks of the Second World War 9008:M10 3-inch gun motor carriage 8523:M26/M46 Pershing Tank 1943–53 8485:Sherman Medium Tank 1942–1945 8442:Wilbeck, Christopher (2004). 7849:Hart, Stephen Ashley (2007). 6911:archives.library.illinois.edu 5173: 4379:80 M4, M4A1 Shermans received 3148:of Normandy, the U.S. Army's 2696: 2623: 2491:Pacific Theater of Operations 2424:in eastern Germany, May 1945. 2280: 2242:October 1943 – February 1944 2021:January 1944 – December 1944 1604:75 mm (some 76 mm) 1303:Pacific Theater of Operations 1072:with the British Army at the 433:machine gun (300–600 rounds), 215:U.S. Army Ordnance Department 9960:AEC Armoured Command Vehicle 9168:Light tank T7/medium tank M7 8263:Summers, Will (March 1945). 8240:Schneider, Wolfgang (2004). 7718:Dunn, Walter S. Jr. (2007). 7373:Chamberlain & Ellis 2005 7361:Chamberlain & Ellis 2004 6537:US Guns, German Armour, Pt 1 6067:Bak, Dongchan (March 2021). 5897:"IRemember.ru WW II Memoirs" 5724:Chamberlain & Ellis 2005 5633:Chamberlain & Ellis 2005 5621:Chamberlain & Ellis 2005 5153:1,458 according to Conners, 4850:: For testing purposes only. 4351:: For testing purposes only. 4070:CWS in theater modifications 4048:8-inch (203 mm) HMC M43 3670:Knowledge's inclusion policy 2985:High-Velocity Armor Piercing 2739:by the Israelis. Before the 2664:High-Velocity Armor Piercing 2372:British 9th Armoured Brigade 2344:Second Washington Conference 2049:Pullman-Standard Car Company 1983:September 1944 – March 1945 1944:Pullman-Standard Car Company 1854:. British variants (DDs and 1441:for the 17-pounder gun, and 1402:diesel engine, adapted from 278:Pullman-Standard Car Company 7: 9871:Lanchester 6×4 armoured car 9232:T18 howitzer motor carriage 9055:M39 armored utility vehicle 8975:M43 howitzer motor carriage 8928:T30 howitzer motor carriage 8923:T19 howitzer motor carriage 8761:Poor Defense: Sherman Tanks 8177:Postan, Sir Michael Moissey 8082:Manasherob, Robert (2010). 7891:House, Jonathan M. (2001). 7478:(in Dutch). 3 January 1952. 6280:, pp. 106–08, 115–116. 4942: 3506: 3443: 3414:Interior view of M4 Sherman 3368: 3168:M4 Shermans armed with the 3108: 3102:botched air support mission 3048:The tank destroyer doctrine 2773: 2693:as its main armored asset. 2596:, in the South-West Pacific 2449:9th Guards Mechanized Corps 2445:3rd Guards Mechanized Corps 2441:1st Guards Mechanized Corps 2418:8th Guards Mechanized Corps 2364:Second Battle of El Alamein 2332:Axis forces captured Tobruk 2214:September 1944 – June 1945 2108:June 1942 – September 1943 1248:"Tank Destroyer" battalions 1191: 1176:tracks, and a rear-mounted 1125:, and on both sides of the 1074:Second Battle of El Alamein 985:, was the most widely used 311:49,234, excluding prototype 235:American Locomotive Company 10: 10896: 9410:Light tank Mk VII Tetrarch 9252:T92/T93 gun motor carriage 9237:T54/T59 gun motor carriage 8954:M8 howitzer motor carriage 8948:M7 howitzer motor carriage 8661:; Grandsen, James (1983). 8246:J.J. Fedorowicz Publishing 8023:Tiger 1 Heavy Tank 1942–45 7546: 7348:, p. 346, Appendix C. 7030:Zaloga & Grandsen 1983 6773:Fletcher & Zaloga 2018 6761:Fletcher & Zaloga 2018 5677:"Sherman production table" 5531:Fletcher & Zaloga 2018 4417:People's Republic of China 4365:: M4A3E4 Sherman was used. 4143: 4135:– M34 and M35 prime movers 3991: 3201:M1919 Browning machine gun 3112: 3019:Ordnance QF 17-pounder gun 2497:(IJA) deployed only their 2374:(for the battle under the 2284: 2231: 2228:July 1942 – November 1943 2217: 2203: 2200:May 1944 – September 1944 2189: 2175: 2153: 2139: 2136:January 1945 – March 1945 2125: 2111: 2095: 2086:Pressed Steel Car Company 2079: 2065: 2038: 2029:Pressed Steel Car Company 2024: 2015:Pressed Steel Car Company 2010: 1986: 1972: 1958: 1926: 1912: 1843:system, flamethrowers for 1346:Detroit Arsenal Tank Plant 1257: 1127:Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 604:Tanks of the United States 298:September 1941 (prototype) 178:Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 168:Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 10870:World War II medium tanks 10804: 10613: 10563: 10525: 10462: 10332: 10209: 10162:Tanks in the British Army 10119: 10018: 9973: 9950: 9919: 9810: 9771: 9757: 9690: 9652: 9620: 9609: 9560: 9527: 9452: 9390: 9381: 9328: 9305: 9265: 9216: 9155: 9144: 9109: 9081: 9063: 9027: 8983: 8965:M21 mortar motor carriage 8911: 8889: 8861: 8818: 8809: 8799:armored fighting vehicles 8370:FM 100–5, Operations 8248:, Inc. Winnipeg, Canada. 8153:"Myths of American Armor" 4224:Montreal Locomotive Works 4128:M74 tank recovery vehicle 4124:M32 tank recovery vehicle 3840: 3481: 3426:Interior view of T-34-85. 3234: 3160:The 75 mm gun had a 2968:constituted a vulnerable 2797:105 mm howitzer M2A1 2685:during the war while the 2579:China Burma India Theater 2564:, the U.S. Marine Corps' 2366:in October 1942 with the 2338:. British Prime Minister 2275:Allied invasion of Sicily 2076:May 1944 – December 1944 2035:January 1945 – July 1945 1996:Pressed Steel Car Company 1955:July 1942 – January 1944 1932:Pressed Steel Car Company 1818:– Machine gunner's seat, 1798:– Front propeller shaft, 1754:– Radiator filler cover, 1682:Early Shermans mounted a 1663: 1506:cast front, welded sides 1325:and, to a lesser degree, 1079:Tank destroyer battalions 1015:armored recovery vehicles 1003:armored fighting vehicles 949: 916: 858: 750: 697: 649: 611: 560: 542: 534: 523: 508: 496: 446: 419: 390: 380: 375: 367: 359: 351: 343: 335: 330: 315: 304: 300:February 1942 – July 1945 294: 286: 273:Pressed Steel Car Company 227: 219: 211: 206: 105: 93: 89:1942–1957 (United States) 83: 78: 69:Place of origin 68: 58: 43: 36: 9897:Rover Light Armoured Car 9892:Rolls-Royce armoured car 9886:Rhino Heavy Armoured Car 7980:– via Googlebooks. 7783:– via GoogleBooks. 7656:"Medium Tank M4 Sherman" 7554:Baryatinsky, M. (2006). 7406:Jane's Information Group 7200:"CAMD RF 500-12462-93", 6620:, pp. 120–125, 287. 6406:"Tigerfibel supplements" 5696:"Fisher Body Tank Plant" 5261:Medium Tank M4A1 Sherman 5155:Medium Tank M4A1 Sherman 5095: 4754:: Retired in April 2018. 4146:Lend-Lease Sherman tanks 4140:Foreign variants and use 4120:Armored recovery vehicle 4083:Rocket Artillery Sherman 4022:self-propelled artillery 3217: 3175:high-explosive anti-tank 2813:rolled homogeneous armor 2735:. These were designated 2509:during the war with the 2287:Lend-Lease Sherman tanks 2092:January 1945 – May 1945 2053:Baldwin Locomotive Works 1936:Baldwin Locomotive Works 1786:– Rear propeller shaft, 1758:– Air cleaner manifold, 1329:, an enormous amount of 1216:, Normandy, 10 June 1944 1039:William Tecumseh Sherman 1007:self-propelled artillery 240:Baldwin Locomotive Works 99:Foreign variants and use 10439:Type 97 ShinHōtō Chi-Ha 9101:M20 armored utility car 9073:Landing Vehicle Tracked 8639:Zaloga, Steven (2010). 8620:Zaloga, Steven (2009). 8597:Zaloga, Steven (2008). 8578:Zaloga, Steven (2007). 8559:Zaloga, Steven (2004). 8540:Zaloga, Steven (2003). 8521:Zaloga, Steven (2001). 8502:Zaloga, Steven (1999). 8483:Zaloga, Steven (1993). 8405:von Luck, Hans (1989). 7807:Green, Michael (2005). 7788:Gelbart, Marsh (1996). 7746:Esteve, Michel (2020). 7654:Conners, Chris (2013). 7563:Berndt, Thomas (1993). 7506:Batailles & Blindés 6593:Myths of American Armor 5681:Sherman Minutia Website 5280:Sherman minutia website 4807:: M4A3E4 Shermans used. 4302:, and also in the 1973 4275:L/61.5 from the French 4116:and other mine-clearers 4020:also known as Priest – 3823: 3802: 3770: 3754: 3713:This section cites its 3516:Vertical volute springs 3394:; the Soviets used the 3251: 3170:105 mm M4 howitzer 2328:Western Desert campaign 2186:July 1944 – April 1945 2051:American Locomotive Co. 1940:American Locomotive Co. 1810:– Main drive sprocket, 1344:production line in the 1254:U.S. production history 1206:13th/18th Royal Hussars 413:105 mm howitzer M4 10711:Special number 3 Ku-Ro 10691:Panzerkampfwagen E-100 10497:Cromwell (and Centaur) 10254:Marmon-Herrington CTLS 9903:Staghound Armoured Car 9865:Indian Pattern Carrier 9847:Greyhound Armoured Car 9823:Boarhound Armoured Car 9597:Vickers Medium Mark II 9257:T88 gun motor carriage 9019:M36 gun motor carriage 9013:M18 gun motor carriage 8993:T48 gun motor carriage 8970:M40 gun motor carriage 8960:M12 gun motor carriage 8853:Marmon-Herrington CTLS 8580:Japanese Tanks 1939–45 8446:. The Aberjona Press. 8225:. Robin Brass Studio. 8182:British War Production 8059:Jentz, Thomas (1997). 8042:Germany's Panther Tank 7151:Green & Brown 2007 7123:Inside the Third Reich 6930:Jentz & Doyle 1993 6827:Green & Brown 2007 6737:Weapons of the Tankers 6642:Green & Brown 2007 6535:Moran (April 1, 2012) 6520:Jentz & Doyle 1993 6505:Jentz & Doyle 1995 5645:Siemers, Cary (2014). 5611:, p. 190, 192–93. 5572:, pp. 22, 24, 28. 5459:Green & Brown 2007 5032:(with 7.5 cm gun) 4697:Royal Netherlands Army 4269:Israeli Ordnance Corps 4249: 4190: 4179: 4167: 3968: 3945:gun motor carriage T70 3940: 3912: 3625: 3618: 3597: 3567: 3558:Inside the Third Reich 3549: 3523: 3495: 3490:M4A3E2 Sherman Jumbo, 3398:and the U.S. used the 3339:29th Armoured Brigades 3268: 3231: 3185: 3154:Culin Hedgerow Cutters 3131: 3095:in June 1944, General 3013: 2952: 2636: 2597: 2557: 2537:in preparation for an 2495:Imperial Japanese Army 2482: 2425: 2386: 2323: 2277: 2062:April 1942 – May 1944 1909:M4 Sherman production 1903:artillery prime movers 1868:79th Armoured Division 1831: 1830:– M1919A4 machine gun. 1679: 1640:Chrysler A57 multibank 1425: 1382:Chrysler A57 multibank 1374:Wright R-975 Whirlwind 1369: 1353: 1281: 1231: 1217: 1142: 1096:Ordnance QF 17-pounder 737:Marmon-Herrington CTLS 631:Holt gas–electric tank 484:Chrysler A57 multibank 454:-C1 or -C4 9–cylinder 148:Revolución Libertadora 10054:Basilisk Armoured Car 10019:Experimental vehicles 9831:Coventry Armoured Car 9315:T16 universal carrier 9227:T40/M9 tank destroyer 9003:M6 gun motor carriage 8998:M3 gun motor carriage 8943:M3 gun motor carriage 8739:World War II vehicles 8713:The Sherman Tank Site 8601:. Mechanicsburg, PA: 8417:2027/pst.000019317649 7792:. London: Brassey's. 7713:– via YouTube/. 6734:Yeide, Harry (2006). 6591:Moran (June 6, 2015) 4628:, 1951), 388 M4A3E8 ( 4247: 4185: 4173: 4161: 4150:Postwar Sherman tanks 3966: 3938: 3910: 3623: 3609: 3592: 3562: 3544: 3538:engine) and Centaur ( 3514: 3489: 3262:Culin hedgerow cutter 3259: 3225: 3183: 3122: 3007: 2950: 2745:105 mm Modèle F1 2631: 2610:Japanese home islands 2587: 2555: 2535:Japanese home islands 2480: 2416:A Soviet M4A2 of the 2415: 2384: 2348:Franklin D. Roosevelt 2321: 2271:North Africa campaign 2268: 2236:Detroit Tank Arsenal 2222:Detroit Tank Arsenal 2208:Detroit Tank Arsenal 2194:Detroit Tank Arsenal 2180:Detroit Tank Arsenal 2150:May 1944 – July 1944 1992:Lima Locomotive Works 1977:Detroit Tank Arsenal 1963:Detroit Tank Arsenal 1774:– Single water pump, 1730:– Turret hatch race, 1709: 1673: 1624:gasoline Ford GAA V8 1610:gasoline Ford GAA V8 1489:105 mm howitzer 1477:gasoline Continental 1423: 1367: 1340: 1307:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1286:Lima Locomotive Works 1267: 1235:infantry support tank 1226: 1199: 1140: 1133:U.S. design prototype 1117:, with Israel in the 845:M8 armored gun system 263:Lima Locomotive Works 163:Nicaraguan Revolution 133:1948 Arab–Israeli War 9996:C15TA Armoured Truck 9836:Daimler Armoured Car 9497:Centaur and Cromwell 9371:British Commonwealth 9242:T55E1 motor carriage 9188:T28 super-heavy tank 9096:M8 light armored car 8329:Batailles et Blindés 8297:Batailles et Blindés 8138:on February 12, 2023 7639:. Silverdale Books. 7529:Batailles et Blindés 7266:. 12 September 2018. 7202:Soviet Era Documents 7106:Moran (May 7, 2014) 6632:, p. 10–11, 23. 6352:, pp. 166, 193. 3869:improve this article 3797:6th Guards Tank Army 3576:2nd Armored Division 3330:Operational Research 3150:2nd Armored Division 3097:Dwight D. Eisenhower 2928:units in July 1944. 2913:invasion of Normandy 2562:Guadalcanal Campaign 2485:While combat in the 2453:auxiliary power unit 2376:New Zealand Division 2353:2nd Armored Division 2160:Fisher Tank Arsenal 2158:Detroit Tank Arsenal 2144:Fisher Tank Arsenal 2130:Fisher Tank Arsenal 2116:Fisher Tank Arsenal 2070:Fisher Tank Arsenal 1948:Detroit Tank Arsenal 1802:– Suspension bogie, 1031:other Allied Nations 1023:British Commonwealth 245:Detroit Tank Arsenal 10875:History of the tank 10835:Tank classification 10831:History of the tank 9920:Reconnaissance cars 9911:Standard Beaverette 9860:Humber Armoured Car 9065:Amphibious vehicles 8933:T34 rocket launcher 8720:at www.iremember.ru 8691:. September 6, 2021 8599:Armored Thunderbolt 8356:U.S. War Department 8272:Ohio State Engineer 8163:on October 25, 2016 8065:Schiffer Publishing 7569:Krause Publications 7363:, pp. 172–174. 7044:, pp. 279–284. 6986:, pp. 116–118. 6956:, pp. 399–406. 6564:, pp. 276–277. 6552:, pp. 268–269. 6492:, pp. 194–195. 6449:"US Firefly Part 3" 6392:, pp. 124–125. 6328:, pp. 129–131. 6292:, pp. 126–130. 5793:, pp. 175–176. 5623:, pp. 130–131. 5560:, pp. 24, 301. 5506:, p. 680, 685. 4959:List of named tanks 4432:: Obtained through 4279:light tank and the 3994:M4 Sherman variants 3501:effective thickness 3476:Battle of the Bulge 3312:Waffenamt-Prüfwesen 3115:M4 Sherman variants 3042:Battle of the Bulge 3008:British Firefly in 2942:Battle of Arracourt 2840: 2590:Operation Dexterity 2525:'s border with the 2330:. On 21 June 1942, 2084:Fisher Tank Arsenal 2044:Fisher Tank Arsenal 1910: 1866:, commander of the 1655:diesel Caterpillar 1635:welded; lengthened 1450: 1404:Wright Aeronautical 1389:Detroit Diesel 6–71 1204:amphibious tank of 1054:main 75 mm gun 474:) at 2,100 rpm> 464:General Motors 6046 450:M4 and M4A1 model: 253:Fisher Tank Arsenal 193:Uganda–Tanzania War 158:1958 Lebanon crisis 128:First Indochina War 10814:World War II tanks 10502:Mk VIII Challenger 10234:Light tank Mk VIII 10002:Leyland Beaver-Eel 9692:Armoured personnel 9675:M10 tank destroyer 9113:anti-aircraft guns 8242:Tigers in Combat I 8128:"Exercise Dracula" 7620:. New York: Arco. 7470:"44 Sherman-tanks" 7065:, p. 289–290. 6304:, pp. 115–16. 6218:, p. 208–210. 6140:, p. 5-6, 26. 5988:, pp. 15, 33. 5518:, pp. 87–103. 5141:Army Ground Forces 4681:captured vehicles. 4250: 4226:, with the aid of 4191: 4180: 4168: 4133:Artillery tractors 4061:Flame Tank Sherman 4003:M10 tank destroyer 3969: 3941: 3913: 3626: 3536:Rolls-Royce Meteor 3524: 3496: 3269: 3232: 3189:Secondary armament 3186: 3132: 3129:Battle of Iwo Jima 3089:George C. Marshall 3085:Russell L. Maxwell 3081:invasion of France 3065:M36 tank destroyer 3014: 2953: 2838: 2637: 2598: 2558: 2513:being deployed in 2483: 2426: 2387: 2324: 2278: 2170:February–July 1944 2101:Ford Motor Company 1908: 1832: 1822:– 75 mm gun, 1680: 1448: 1426: 1398:D-200A air-cooled 1370: 1354: 1282: 1218: 1214:Operation Overlord 1143: 1035:American Civil War 840:Expeditionary tank 760:M41 Walker Bulldog 535:Fuel capacity 258:Ford Motor Company 207:Production history 188:Lebanese Civil War 10842: 10841: 10169: 10168: 10037:AC3 'Thunderbolt' 9946: 9945: 9749:Universal Carrier 9686: 9685: 9665:17pdr SP Achilles 9605: 9604: 9337: 9336: 9301: 9300: 9147:short production 9145:Experimental and 9035:M2 half-track car 8938:M4 mortar carrier 8907: 8906: 8659:Zaloga, Steven J. 8650:978-1-84603-990-4 8631:978-1-84603-292-9 8612:978-0-8117-0424-3 8589:978-1-84603-091-8 8570:978-1-84176-687-4 8551:978-1-84176-542-6 8513:978-1-85532-911-9 8494:978-1-85532-296-7 8453:978-0-9717650-2-3 8358:(9 August 1945). 8093:978-0-9841437-2-6 7969:978-1-62654-091-0 7937:978-0-89141-080-5 7864:978-1-84603-150-2 7855:Osprey Publishing 7841:978-0-7603-2784-5 7832:M4 Sherman at War 7822:978-0-7603-2152-2 7780:978-1-4728-2152-2 7731:978-0-8117-3423-3 7489:Copley, Gregory. 7475:Amigoe di Curacao 7260:"20180912_140852" 7132:978-0-923891-73-2 7008:The Sherman Myths 6763:, pp. 88–89. 6747:978-1-61060-778-0 6644:, pp. 87–88. 6608:, pp. 19–20. 6480:, pp. 23–24. 6316:, pp. 10–11. 6083:979-11-5598-079-8 5599:, p. 192–93. 5056:Carro Armato P 40 4974:M50 Super Sherman 4935:Informbiro period 4673:Nazi Germany: As 4582:: From post-WWII. 4430:Republic of China 4056:cargo carrier T30 4031:cargo carrier M30 3901: 3900: 3893: 3752: 3751: 3744: 3719:does not provide 3698: 3697: 3690: 3583:Schachtellaufwerk 3105:the battlefield. 3093:Normandy invasion 2882: 2881: 2805:75 mm gun M3 2533:remaining on the 2531:4th Tank Division 2511:3rd Tank Division 2503:2nd Tank Division 2499:1st Tank Division 2395:Tebourba, Tunisia 2340:Winston Churchill 2258: 2257: 1881:tank destroyers; 1826:– Drivers hatch, 1814:– Driver's seat, 1790:– Turret basket, 1738:– Gunner's seat, 1668: 1667: 1352:, Michigan (1942) 1315:submarine warfare 1297:, Bovington, UK. 1119:Arab–Israeli wars 1092:76 mm gun M1 972: 971: 874: 873: 835:Commando Stingray 664:Medium tank M1922 659:Medium tank M1921 570: 569: 399:75 mm gun M3 16:(Redirected from 10887: 10880:M4 Sherman tanks 10822: 10821: 10812: 10811: 10686:Panzer VIII Maus 10414:Panzer V Panther 10196: 10189: 10182: 10173: 10172: 9951:Armoured command 9855:Guy Armoured Car 9841:Fox Armoured Car 9818:AEC Armoured Car 9790:Humber scout car 9769: 9768: 9618: 9617: 9405:Light tank Mk VI 9388: 9387: 9375:Second World War 9364: 9357: 9350: 9341: 9340: 9153: 9152: 9028:Armored carriers 8816: 8815: 8791: 8784: 8777: 8768: 8767: 8729:Sherman Register 8700: 8698: 8696: 8676: 8654: 8635: 8616: 8593: 8574: 8555: 8536: 8517: 8498: 8479: 8457: 8438: 8401: 8399: 8397: 8382: 8380: 8378: 8363: 8351: 8349: 8348: 8339:. Archived from 8319: 8317: 8316: 8307:. Archived from 8287: 8285: 8283: 8269: 8259: 8236: 8214: 8212: 8211: 8172: 8170: 8168: 8147: 8145: 8143: 8122: 8120: 8118: 8097: 8078: 8055: 8036: 8017: 8015: 8013: 7981: 7949: 7919: 7917: 7916: 7907:. Archived from 7887: 7868: 7845: 7826: 7803: 7784: 7763: 7742: 7740: 7738: 7714: 7712: 7710: 7692: 7670: 7668: 7666: 7650: 7631: 7612: 7582: 7559: 7541: 7540: 7524: 7518: 7517: 7501: 7495: 7494: 7486: 7480: 7479: 7466: 7460: 7459: 7452: 7446: 7440: 7434: 7428: 7422: 7421: 7419: 7417: 7412:on 23 April 2018 7408:. Archived from 7397: 7388: 7382: 7376: 7370: 7364: 7358: 7349: 7343: 7337: 7334:Baryatinsky 2006 7331: 7322: 7321: 7319: 7318: 7312: 7305: 7294: 7283: 7280:Baryatinsky 2006 7277: 7268: 7267: 7256: 7250: 7247: 7241: 7235: 7229: 7226: 7220: 7217: 7206: 7205: 7197: 7191: 7185: 7174: 7171: 7154: 7148: 7137: 7136: 7118: 7112: 7108:Exercise Dracula 7103: 7097: 7096: 7094: 7092: 7086: 7075: 7066: 7060: 7054: 7051: 7045: 7039: 7033: 7027: 7021: 7016: 7010: 7005: 6999: 6993: 6987: 6981: 6972: 6966: 6957: 6951: 6945: 6939: 6933: 6927: 6921: 6920: 6918: 6917: 6903: 6897: 6891: 6885: 6879: 6864: 6858: 6847: 6841: 6830: 6824: 6818: 6812: 6806: 6805: 6803: 6802: 6782: 6776: 6770: 6764: 6758: 6752: 6751: 6731: 6725: 6724: 6719: 6717: 6711: 6703: 6697: 6696: 6691: 6689: 6683: 6675: 6669: 6663: 6657: 6651: 6645: 6639: 6633: 6627: 6621: 6615: 6609: 6603: 6597: 6588: 6577: 6571: 6565: 6559: 6553: 6547: 6541: 6532: 6523: 6517: 6508: 6502: 6493: 6487: 6481: 6475: 6469: 6468: 6466: 6464: 6444: 6438: 6435: 6429: 6423: 6417: 6416: 6414: 6412: 6402: 6393: 6387: 6381: 6380: 6364: 6353: 6347: 6341: 6335: 6329: 6323: 6317: 6311: 6305: 6299: 6293: 6287: 6281: 6275: 6269: 6268: 6252: 6246: 6245:, p. 94-97. 6240: 6234: 6233: 6225: 6219: 6213: 6207: 6201: 6195: 6194: 6192: 6190: 6171: 6165: 6164:, p. 12–24. 6159: 6153: 6147: 6141: 6135: 6126: 6125:, p. 74–77. 6120: 6114: 6108: 6102: 6101: 6099: 6098: 6092: 6086:. Archived from 6075: 6064: 6049: 6043: 6037: 6031: 6025: 6024:, p. 21–22. 6019: 6013: 6007: 6001: 5995: 5989: 5983: 5977: 5971: 5965: 5959: 5953: 5952: 5951:. 27 March 2017. 5945: 5939: 5938: 5931: 5925: 5919: 5913: 5912: 5910: 5908: 5892: 5886: 5885: 5879: 5877: 5862: 5856: 5850: 5844: 5841: 5835: 5829: 5823: 5822: 5812: 5806: 5800: 5794: 5788: 5782: 5776: 5770: 5769: 5757: 5751: 5745: 5739: 5733: 5727: 5721: 5715: 5714: 5712: 5710: 5691: 5685: 5684: 5673: 5667: 5666: 5664: 5662: 5653:. Archived from 5651:wwiivehicles.com 5642: 5636: 5630: 5624: 5618: 5612: 5606: 5600: 5594: 5585: 5579: 5573: 5567: 5561: 5555: 5549: 5543:The Tank Museum 5540: 5534: 5528: 5519: 5513: 5507: 5498: 5492: 5483: 5477: 5468: 5462: 5456: 5450: 5444: 5438: 5432: 5426: 5420: 5414: 5408: 5402: 5396: 5390: 5387: 5378: 5372: 5366: 5360: 5354: 5348: 5342: 5336: 5330: 5324: 5318: 5312: 5306: 5300: 5291: 5290: 5288: 5286: 5272: 5266: 5256: 5207: 5201: 5192: 5183: 5167: 5164: 5158: 5151: 5145: 5137: 5131: 5128:T-34 medium tank 5124: 5118: 5115: 5109: 5106: 5075:1942 medium tank 4929: 4927: 4926: 4915: 4913: 4912: 4901: 4899: 4898: 4887: 4885: 4884: 4874: 4872: 4871: 4860: 4858: 4857: 4846: 4844: 4843: 4832: 4830: 4829: 4822: 4818: 4816: 4815: 4803: 4801: 4800: 4790: 4788: 4787: 4777: 4775: 4774: 4764: 4762: 4761: 4750: 4748: 4747: 4736: 4734: 4733: 4722: 4720: 4719: 4709: 4707: 4706: 4691: 4689: 4688: 4672: 4670: 4669: 4659: 4657: 4656: 4646: 4644: 4643: 4620: 4618: 4617: 4606: 4604: 4603: 4592: 4590: 4589: 4578: 4576: 4575: 4565: 4563: 4562: 4552: 4550: 4549: 4539: 4537: 4536: 4526: 4524: 4523: 4513: 4511: 4510: 4499: 4497: 4496: 4486: 4484: 4483: 4473: 4471: 4470: 4459: 4457: 4456: 4446: 4444: 4443: 4428: 4426: 4425: 4415: 4413: 4412: 4402: 4400: 4399: 4389: 4387: 4386: 4375: 4373: 4372: 4361: 4359: 4358: 4347: 4345: 4344: 4334: 4332: 4331: 4321:Former operators 4288:Main Battle Tank 4283:from the French 4281:105 mm Modèle F1 3911:Continental R975 3896: 3889: 3885: 3882: 3876: 3853: 3845: 3747: 3740: 3736: 3733: 3727: 3708: 3707: 3700: 3693: 3686: 3682: 3679: 3673: 3645: 3644: 3637: 3435: 3423: 3411: 3292: 3291: 3287: 3284: 3162:white phosphorus 3054:Lesley J. McNair 2934:George S. Patton 2898:assault gun and 2841: 2837: 2827:in 1942 and the 2604:and the heavier 2487:European theater 2368:British 8th Army 1911: 1907: 1860:Hobart's Funnies 1806:– Transmission, 1766:– Exhaust pipe, 1722:– Turret hatch, 1714:– Lifting ring, 1451: 1447: 1280:, England (2010) 964:Postwar Shermans 910: 901: 894: 887: 878: 877: 712:M3/M5 light tank 636:M1917 light tank 626:Ford 3-ton M1918 605: 596: 589: 582: 573: 572: 563: 452:Continental R975 440:Browning M1919A4 401:(90–104 rounds) 325:foreign variants 307: 143:Cuban Revolution 52:Ede, Netherlands 48: 39: 38:Medium tank, M4 34: 33: 21: 10895: 10894: 10890: 10889: 10888: 10886: 10885: 10884: 10845: 10844: 10843: 10838: 10800: 10656:Bob Semple tank 10631:AC3 Thunderbolt 10618: 10609: 10559: 10521: 10458: 10424:Stridsvagn m/42 10419:Stridsvagn m/41 10387:Sherman Firefly 10328: 10205: 10200: 10170: 10165: 10152: 10115: 10074:Bob Semple tank 10014: 10007:White Scout Car 9974:Armoured trucks 9969: 9952: 9942: 9915: 9806: 9784:Dingo scout car 9762: 9753: 9693: 9682: 9648: 9612: 9601: 9592:Sherman Firefly 9556: 9523: 9448: 9377: 9368: 9338: 9333: 9324: 9320:T17E1 Staghound 9297: 9283:T27 Armored Car 9261: 9218: 9217:Self-propelled 9212: 9183:T25 medium tank 9178:T20 medium tank 9148: 9146: 9140: 9112: 9111:Self-propelled 9105: 9077: 9059: 9023: 8985:Tank destroyers 8979: 8914: 8913:Self-propelled 8903: 8885: 8857: 8805: 8795: 8765: 8708: 8703: 8694: 8692: 8689:The Tank Museum 8673: 8651: 8632: 8613: 8603:Stackpole Books 8590: 8571: 8552: 8533: 8514: 8495: 8476: 8454: 8427: 8395: 8393: 8376: 8374: 8346: 8344: 8314: 8312: 8281: 8279: 8267: 8256: 8233: 8223:No Holding Back 8209: 8207: 8197: 8166: 8164: 8141: 8139: 8116: 8114: 8094: 8075: 8052: 8033: 8011: 8009: 7999: 7970: 7954:Hunnicutt, R.P. 7938: 7924:Hunnicutt, R.P. 7914: 7912: 7905: 7884: 7865: 7842: 7823: 7800: 7781: 7760: 7736: 7734: 7732: 7708: 7706: 7689: 7664: 7662: 7647: 7628: 7601: 7579: 7549: 7544: 7525: 7521: 7502: 7498: 7487: 7483: 7468: 7467: 7463: 7458:. 7 April 2018. 7454: 7453: 7449: 7445:, pp. 6–9. 7441: 7437: 7433:, pp. 4–7. 7429: 7425: 7415: 7413: 7398: 7391: 7383: 7379: 7371: 7367: 7359: 7352: 7344: 7340: 7332: 7325: 7316: 7314: 7310: 7303: 7295: 7286: 7278: 7271: 7258: 7257: 7253: 7248: 7244: 7236: 7232: 7227: 7223: 7218: 7209: 7199: 7198: 7194: 7186: 7177: 7172: 7157: 7149: 7140: 7133: 7119: 7115: 7104: 7100: 7090: 7088: 7084: 7076: 7069: 7061: 7057: 7052: 7048: 7040: 7036: 7028: 7024: 7017: 7013: 7006: 7002: 6994: 6990: 6982: 6975: 6967: 6960: 6952: 6948: 6940: 6936: 6928: 6924: 6915: 6913: 6905: 6904: 6900: 6892: 6888: 6880: 6867: 6859: 6850: 6842: 6833: 6825: 6821: 6813: 6809: 6800: 6798: 6783: 6779: 6771: 6767: 6759: 6755: 6748: 6732: 6728: 6715: 6713: 6709: 6705: 6704: 6700: 6687: 6685: 6681: 6677: 6676: 6672: 6664: 6660: 6652: 6648: 6640: 6636: 6628: 6624: 6616: 6612: 6604: 6600: 6589: 6580: 6572: 6568: 6560: 6556: 6548: 6544: 6533: 6526: 6518: 6511: 6503: 6496: 6488: 6484: 6476: 6472: 6462: 6460: 6459:on 4 March 2016 6445: 6441: 6436: 6432: 6424: 6420: 6410: 6408: 6404: 6403: 6396: 6388: 6384: 6365: 6356: 6348: 6344: 6336: 6332: 6324: 6320: 6312: 6308: 6300: 6296: 6288: 6284: 6276: 6272: 6253: 6249: 6241: 6237: 6226: 6222: 6214: 6210: 6202: 6198: 6188: 6186: 6173: 6172: 6168: 6160: 6156: 6150:Manasherob 2010 6148: 6144: 6138:Manasherob 2010 6136: 6129: 6121: 6117: 6109: 6105: 6096: 6094: 6090: 6084: 6073: 6065: 6052: 6044: 6040: 6032: 6028: 6020: 6016: 6008: 6004: 5996: 5992: 5984: 5980: 5972: 5968: 5960: 5956: 5947: 5946: 5942: 5937:. 3 April 2021. 5933: 5932: 5928: 5920: 5916: 5906: 5904: 5901:iremember.ru/en 5893: 5889: 5875: 5873: 5864: 5863: 5859: 5851: 5847: 5842: 5838: 5830: 5826: 5813: 5809: 5801: 5797: 5789: 5785: 5777: 5773: 5763: 5758: 5754: 5746: 5742: 5734: 5730: 5722: 5718: 5708: 5706: 5692: 5688: 5675: 5674: 5670: 5660: 5658: 5657:on 4 April 2015 5643: 5639: 5631: 5627: 5619: 5615: 5607: 5603: 5595: 5588: 5580: 5576: 5568: 5564: 5556: 5552: 5541: 5537: 5529: 5522: 5516:Jarymowycz 2009 5514: 5510: 5499: 5495: 5484: 5480: 5476:, p. 1072. 5469: 5465: 5457: 5453: 5445: 5441: 5433: 5429: 5423:Jarymowycz 2009 5421: 5417: 5409: 5405: 5397: 5393: 5388: 5381: 5373: 5369: 5361: 5357: 5349: 5345: 5337: 5333: 5325: 5321: 5313: 5309: 5301: 5294: 5284: 5282: 5274: 5273: 5269: 5257: 5210: 5202: 5195: 5189:, 9 August 1945 5184: 5180: 5176: 5171: 5170: 5165: 5161: 5152: 5148: 5138: 5134: 5125: 5121: 5116: 5112: 5107: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5089:Stridsvagn m/42 4987: 4945: 4940: 4924: 4922: 4910: 4908: 4896: 4894: 4882: 4880: 4869: 4867: 4855: 4853: 4841: 4839: 4827: 4825: 4813: 4811: 4798: 4796: 4785: 4783: 4772: 4770: 4759: 4757: 4745: 4743: 4731: 4729: 4717: 4715: 4704: 4702: 4686: 4684: 4680: 4667: 4665: 4654: 4652: 4641: 4639: 4615: 4613: 4601: 4599: 4587: 4585: 4573: 4571: 4560: 4558: 4547: 4545: 4534: 4532: 4521: 4519: 4508: 4506: 4494: 4492: 4481: 4479: 4468: 4466: 4454: 4452: 4441: 4439: 4423: 4421: 4410: 4408: 4397: 4395: 4384: 4382: 4370: 4368: 4356: 4354: 4342: 4340: 4329: 4327: 4323: 4203:Sherman Firefly 4176:Operation Horev 4156: 4154:Sherman Firefly 4142: 4044:artillery piece 3996: 3990: 3897: 3886: 3880: 3877: 3866: 3854: 3843: 3826: 3805: 3773: 3757: 3748: 3737: 3731: 3728: 3725: 3721:page references 3709: 3705: 3694: 3683: 3677: 3674: 3660:Please help by 3659: 3646: 3642: 3635: 3509: 3484: 3446: 3439: 3436: 3427: 3424: 3415: 3412: 3396:IS-2 heavy tank 3380:tank destroyers 3371: 3299: 3289: 3285: 3282: 3280: 3254: 3237: 3220: 3191: 3117: 3111: 3069:T20 medium tank 3050: 3023:Sherman Firefly 2930:Operation Cobra 2877: 2781: 2779:Gun development 2776: 2699: 2653:Battle of Masan 2626: 2566:M2A4 light tank 2539:allied invasion 2475: 2473:Pacific Theater 2463:David M. Glantz 2410: 2391:Operation Torch 2316: 2308:Jacob L. Devers 2289: 2283: 2263: 2261:Service history 2205:M4A3(105) HVSS 2177:M4A3(76)W HVSS 2171: 2166: 2164: 2159: 2127:M4A3(75)W HVSS 2085: 2081:M4A2(76)W HVSS 2054: 2052: 2050: 2048: 2026:M4A1(76)W HVSS 1998: 1994: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1770:– Track idler, 1750:– Air cleaner, 1742:– Turret seat, 1734:– Turret seat, 1697:Operation Cobra 1601:M4A3E2 "Jumbo" 1295:The Tank Museum 1274:The Tank Museum 1272:, displayed at 1262: 1256: 1194: 1135: 1100:Sherman Firefly 1084:fighter-bombers 1021:program to the 1011:tank destroyers 983:medium tank, M4 975: 974: 973: 968: 945: 912: 909:M4 Sherman tank 908: 905: 875: 870: 854: 795:T95 medium tank 746: 693: 645: 607: 603: 600: 555: 554:Cross-country: 553: 551: 547: 545: 500:10.46–13.49 hp/ 487: 481: 475: 461: 459: 458:gasoline engine 434: 424: 422: 411: 409: 404: 402: 395: 393: 376: 299: 282: 202: 123:Greek Civil War 88: 84:In service 79:Service history 54: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10893: 10883: 10882: 10877: 10872: 10867: 10862: 10857: 10840: 10839: 10827: 10826: 10816: 10805: 10802: 10801: 10799: 10798: 10793: 10788: 10783: 10778: 10773: 10768: 10766:Type 98 Chi-Ho 10763: 10758: 10753: 10748: 10743: 10738: 10733: 10728: 10723: 10718: 10713: 10708: 10703: 10698: 10693: 10688: 10683: 10678: 10673: 10671:Medium Tank M7 10668: 10663: 10658: 10653: 10648: 10643: 10638: 10633: 10628: 10622: 10620: 10611: 10610: 10608: 10607: 10602: 10597: 10592: 10591: 10590: 10585: 10580: 10569: 10567: 10561: 10560: 10558: 10557: 10552: 10547: 10542: 10537: 10531: 10529: 10523: 10522: 10520: 10519: 10514: 10509: 10504: 10499: 10494: 10489: 10484: 10479: 10474: 10468: 10466: 10460: 10459: 10457: 10456: 10451: 10446: 10441: 10436: 10431: 10426: 10421: 10416: 10411: 10406: 10401: 10396: 10391: 10390: 10389: 10379: 10374: 10369: 10364: 10359: 10354: 10349: 10344: 10342:Turán I and II 10338: 10336: 10330: 10329: 10327: 10326: 10321: 10316: 10311: 10306: 10301: 10296: 10291: 10286: 10281: 10276: 10271: 10266: 10261: 10256: 10251: 10246: 10241: 10236: 10231: 10226: 10221: 10215: 10213: 10207: 10206: 10199: 10198: 10191: 10184: 10176: 10167: 10166: 10154: 10153: 10120: 10117: 10116: 10114: 10113: 10108: 10103: 10098: 10093: 10087: 10082: 10077: 10071: 10066: 10061: 10056: 10051: 10045: 10040: 10034: 10028: 10022: 10020: 10016: 10015: 10013: 10012: 10004: 9999: 9993: 9988: 9983: 9977: 9975: 9971: 9970: 9968: 9967: 9962: 9956: 9954: 9948: 9947: 9944: 9943: 9941: 9940: 9934: 9929: 9923: 9921: 9917: 9916: 9914: 9913: 9908: 9900: 9894: 9889: 9883: 9878: 9873: 9868: 9862: 9857: 9852: 9844: 9838: 9833: 9828: 9820: 9814: 9812: 9808: 9807: 9805: 9804: 9798: 9795:Lynx Scout Car 9792: 9787: 9781: 9775: 9773: 9766: 9755: 9754: 9752: 9751: 9746: 9741: 9733: 9725: 9717: 9709: 9704: 9698: 9696: 9688: 9687: 9684: 9683: 9681: 9680: 9672: 9667: 9662: 9656: 9654: 9650: 9649: 9647: 9646: 9640: 9632: 9626: 9624: 9615: 9611:Self-propelled 9607: 9606: 9603: 9602: 9600: 9599: 9594: 9589: 9581: 9575: 9566: 9564: 9558: 9557: 9555: 9554: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9533: 9531: 9529:Infantry tanks 9525: 9524: 9522: 9521: 9515: 9509: 9504: 9499: 9494: 9489: 9484: 9479: 9474: 9472:Cruiser Mk III 9469: 9464: 9458: 9456: 9450: 9449: 9447: 9446: 9438: 9430: 9422: 9417: 9412: 9407: 9402: 9396: 9394: 9385: 9379: 9378: 9367: 9366: 9359: 9352: 9344: 9335: 9334: 9329: 9326: 9325: 9323: 9322: 9317: 9311: 9309: 9303: 9302: 9299: 9298: 9296: 9295: 9290: 9285: 9280: 9275: 9269: 9267: 9263: 9262: 9260: 9259: 9254: 9249: 9244: 9239: 9234: 9229: 9222: 9220: 9214: 9213: 9211: 9210: 9208:T34 heavy tank 9205: 9203:T32 heavy tank 9200: 9198:T30 heavy tank 9195: 9193:T29 heavy tank 9190: 9185: 9180: 9175: 9173:T14 heavy tank 9170: 9165: 9159: 9157: 9150: 9142: 9141: 9139: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9123: 9117: 9115: 9107: 9106: 9104: 9103: 9098: 9093: 9087: 9085: 9079: 9078: 9076: 9075: 9069: 9067: 9061: 9060: 9058: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9037: 9031: 9029: 9025: 9024: 9022: 9021: 9016: 9010: 9005: 9000: 8995: 8989: 8987: 8981: 8980: 8978: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8951: 8945: 8940: 8935: 8930: 8925: 8919: 8917: 8909: 8908: 8905: 8904: 8902: 8901: 8895: 8893: 8887: 8886: 8884: 8883: 8878: 8873: 8871:M2 medium tank 8867: 8865: 8859: 8858: 8856: 8855: 8850: 8845: 8840: 8835: 8830: 8824: 8822: 8813: 8807: 8806: 8794: 8793: 8786: 8779: 8771: 8764: 8763: 8758: 8752: 8746: 8741: 8736: 8731: 8726: 8721: 8715: 8709: 8707: 8706:External links 8704: 8702: 8701: 8685:tankmuseum.org 8677: 8671: 8663:T-34 in Action 8655: 8649: 8636: 8630: 8617: 8611: 8594: 8588: 8575: 8569: 8556: 8550: 8537: 8531: 8518: 8512: 8499: 8493: 8480: 8474: 8462:Zaloga, Steven 8458: 8452: 8439: 8425: 8402: 8383: 8364: 8352: 8320: 8288: 8278:(4): 10–11, 23 8260: 8254: 8237: 8231: 8215: 8195: 8173: 8148: 8123: 8098: 8092: 8079: 8073: 8063:. Atglen, PA: 8056: 8050: 8037: 8031: 8018: 7997: 7982: 7968: 7950: 7936: 7920: 7903: 7888: 7882: 7869: 7863: 7846: 7840: 7827: 7821: 7809:Panzers at War 7804: 7798: 7785: 7779: 7764: 7759:978-1612007397 7758: 7743: 7730: 7715: 7693: 7687: 7677:, ed. (2000). 7671: 7651: 7645: 7632: 7626: 7613: 7599: 7583: 7577: 7560: 7550: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7542: 7519: 7496: 7493:. p. 821. 7481: 7461: 7447: 7435: 7423: 7389: 7377: 7375:, p. 175. 7365: 7350: 7338: 7323: 7284: 7269: 7251: 7242: 7240:, p. 267. 7238:Hunnicutt 2015 7230: 7221: 7207: 7192: 7188:Hunnicutt 2015 7175: 7155: 7138: 7131: 7125:. Ishi Press. 7113: 7098: 7067: 7063:Hunnicutt 1978 7055: 7046: 7034: 7022: 7011: 7000: 6998:, p. 128. 6988: 6973: 6971:, p. 127. 6958: 6946: 6944:, p. 117. 6934: 6922: 6898: 6896:, p. 110. 6886: 6865: 6863:, p. 215. 6848: 6831: 6819: 6807: 6777: 6765: 6753: 6746: 6726: 6698: 6670: 6668:, p. 303. 6666:Schneider 2004 6658: 6656:, p. 182. 6646: 6634: 6622: 6610: 6598: 6578: 6566: 6554: 6542: 6524: 6509: 6507:, p. 129. 6494: 6482: 6470: 6439: 6430: 6418: 6394: 6382: 6354: 6342: 6330: 6318: 6306: 6294: 6282: 6270: 6259:. U.S. G.P.O. 6247: 6235: 6220: 6216:Hunnicutt 1978 6208: 6206:, p. 198. 6204:Hunnicutt 1978 6196: 6166: 6154: 6152:, p. 1-2. 6142: 6127: 6115: 6103: 6082: 6050: 6038: 6026: 6014: 6002: 5990: 5978: 5966: 5964:, p. 301. 5954: 5940: 5926: 5924:, p. 222. 5914: 5887: 5857: 5845: 5836: 5824: 5807: 5805:, p. 178. 5803:Hunnicutt 1978 5795: 5791:Hunnicutt 1978 5783: 5781:, p. 174. 5779:Hunnicutt 1978 5771: 5752: 5750:, p. 166. 5748:Hunnicutt 1978 5740: 5738:, p. 332. 5728: 5726:, p. 118. 5716: 5686: 5668: 5637: 5635:, p. 151. 5625: 5613: 5601: 5586: 5574: 5562: 5550: 5535: 5520: 5508: 5493: 5478: 5463: 5451: 5449:, p. 245. 5439: 5437:, p. 325. 5435:Hunnicutt 1978 5427: 5415: 5403: 5391: 5379: 5367: 5355: 5353:, p. 152. 5343: 5331: 5319: 5307: 5305:, p. 195. 5292: 5267: 5208: 5193: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5169: 5168: 5159: 5146: 5132: 5119: 5110: 5100: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5091: 5085: 5078: 5071: 5065: 5058: 5052: 5046: 5039: 5033: 5026: 5020: 5013: 5007: 5001: 4995: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4982: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4938: 4920: 4906: 4903:United Kingdom 4892: 4878: 4865: 4851: 4837: 4823: 4808: 4794: 4781: 4768: 4755: 4741: 4727: 4713: 4700: 4682: 4663: 4650: 4637: 4611: 4597: 4583: 4569: 4556: 4543: 4530: 4517: 4516: 4515: 4490: 4477: 4464: 4450: 4437: 4419: 4406: 4393: 4380: 4366: 4352: 4338: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4304:Yom Kippur War 4292:Super Shermans 4189:, May Day 1961 4141: 4138: 4137: 4136: 4130: 4117: 4103:Engineer tanks 4100: 4080: 4079: 4078: 4075: 4072: 4066: 4058: 4034: 4024: 4015: 4009: 4007:tank destroyer 3992:Main article: 3989: 3986: 3899: 3898: 3857: 3855: 3848: 3842: 3839: 3825: 3822: 3804: 3801: 3772: 3769: 3756: 3753: 3750: 3749: 3732:September 2021 3712: 3710: 3703: 3696: 3695: 3649: 3647: 3640: 3634: 3631: 3532:Cromwell tanks 3508: 3505: 3483: 3480: 3445: 3442: 3441: 3440: 3437: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3418: 3416: 3413: 3406: 3370: 3367: 3325:or Panzer IV) 3298: 3295: 3271:The Sherman's 3253: 3250: 3236: 3233: 3219: 3216: 3205:pintle mounted 3190: 3187: 3113:Main article: 3110: 3107: 3058:tank destroyer 3049: 3046: 2880: 2879: 2874: 2872: 2868: 2867: 2864: 2861: 2858: 2854: 2853: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2698: 2695: 2625: 2622: 2574:Type 97 Chi-Ha 2474: 2471: 2409: 2406: 2315: 2312: 2293:United Kingdom 2282: 2279: 2262: 2259: 2256: 2255: 2253: 2250: 2248: 2244: 2243: 2240: 2237: 2234: 2230: 2229: 2226: 2223: 2220: 2216: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2202: 2201: 2198: 2195: 2192: 2188: 2187: 2184: 2181: 2178: 2174: 2173: 2168: 2161: 2156: 2152: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2142: 2138: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2128: 2124: 2123: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2110: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2098: 2094: 2093: 2090: 2087: 2082: 2078: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2064: 2063: 2060: 2057: 2046:(Grand Blanc) 2041: 2037: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2027: 2023: 2022: 2019: 2016: 2013: 2009: 2008: 2005: 2002: 1989: 1985: 1984: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1971: 1970: 1967: 1964: 1961: 1957: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1929: 1925: 1924: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1899:recovery tanks 1762:– Power unit, 1718:– Ventilator, 1710:M4A4 Cutaway: 1693:76 mm gun 1666: 1665: 1661: 1660: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1643: 1642: 1636: 1633: 1630: 1626: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1612: 1611: 1608: 1605: 1602: 1598: 1597: 1593:gasoline Ford 1591: 1588: 1585: 1581: 1580: 1573:GM 6046 diesel 1570: 1567: 1564: 1560: 1559: 1552:GM 6046 diesel 1549: 1546: 1543: 1539: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1525: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1515: 1511: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1497: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1483: 1482: 1475: 1472: 1469: 1465: 1464: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1311:aerial bombing 1255: 1252: 1210:Airspeed Horsa 1193: 1190: 1151:M2 medium tank 1134: 1131: 1113:forces in the 1058:gyrostabilizer 1046:M3 medium tank 995:Western Allies 970: 969: 967: 966: 961: 956: 950: 947: 946: 944: 943: 938: 933: 928: 923: 917: 914: 913: 904: 903: 896: 889: 881: 872: 871: 869: 868: 862: 860: 856: 855: 853: 852: 850:Block III tank 847: 842: 837: 832: 827: 822: 817: 812: 807: 805:T92 light tank 802: 797: 792: 787: 782: 777: 772: 767: 762: 756: 754: 748: 747: 745: 744: 739: 734: 729: 724: 719: 714: 709: 707:M2 medium tank 703: 701: 695: 694: 692: 691: 689:Christie M1931 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 655: 653: 647: 646: 644: 643: 638: 633: 628: 623: 621:Mark VIII tank 617: 615: 609: 608: 599: 598: 591: 584: 576: 568: 567: 564: 562:Maximum speed 558: 557: 548: 543: 540: 539: 536: 532: 531: 525: 521: 520: 510: 506: 505: 498: 494: 493: 490:Wright RD-1820 448: 444: 443: 425: 420: 417: 416: 396: 391: 388: 387: 384: 378: 377: 373: 372: 369: 365: 364: 361: 357: 356: 353: 349: 348: 345: 341: 340: 337: 333: 332: 331:Specifications 328: 327: 317: 313: 312: 309: 302: 301: 296: 292: 291: 288: 287:Unit cost 284: 283: 281: 280: 275: 270: 265: 260: 255: 250: 247: 242: 237: 231: 229: 225: 224: 221: 217: 216: 213: 209: 208: 204: 203: 201: 200: 195: 190: 185: 183:Yom Kippur War 180: 175: 170: 165: 160: 155: 150: 145: 140: 135: 130: 125: 120: 115: 109: 107: 103: 102: 95: 91: 90: 85: 81: 80: 76: 75: 70: 66: 65: 60: 56: 55: 49: 41: 40: 32: 31: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10892: 10881: 10878: 10876: 10873: 10871: 10868: 10866: 10863: 10861: 10858: 10856: 10853: 10852: 10850: 10837: 10836: 10832: 10825: 10817: 10815: 10807: 10806: 10803: 10797: 10794: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10776:Type 5 Chi-Ri 10774: 10772: 10771:Type 4 Chi-To 10769: 10767: 10764: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10754: 10752: 10749: 10747: 10744: 10742: 10739: 10737: 10734: 10732: 10729: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10709: 10707: 10704: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10694: 10692: 10689: 10687: 10684: 10682: 10679: 10677: 10674: 10672: 10669: 10667: 10666:Heavy Tank M6 10664: 10662: 10659: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10632: 10629: 10627: 10624: 10623: 10621: 10619:experimentals 10616: 10612: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10593: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10579: 10576: 10575: 10574: 10571: 10570: 10568: 10566: 10562: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10543: 10541: 10538: 10536: 10533: 10532: 10530: 10528: 10524: 10518: 10515: 10513: 10510: 10508: 10505: 10503: 10500: 10498: 10495: 10493: 10490: 10488: 10485: 10483: 10480: 10478: 10477:Cruiser Mk IV 10475: 10473: 10470: 10469: 10467: 10465: 10461: 10455: 10454:Type 3 Chi-Nu 10452: 10450: 10449:Type 3 Ka-Chi 10447: 10445: 10444:Type 1 Chi-He 10442: 10440: 10437: 10435: 10432: 10430: 10427: 10425: 10422: 10420: 10417: 10415: 10412: 10410: 10407: 10405: 10402: 10400: 10397: 10395: 10392: 10388: 10385: 10384: 10383: 10380: 10378: 10375: 10373: 10370: 10368: 10365: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10355: 10353: 10350: 10348: 10347:43M Turán III 10345: 10343: 10340: 10339: 10337: 10335: 10331: 10325: 10322: 10320: 10317: 10315: 10312: 10310: 10309:Type 98 Ke-Ni 10307: 10305: 10302: 10300: 10297: 10295: 10292: 10290: 10287: 10285: 10282: 10280: 10277: 10275: 10272: 10270: 10267: 10265: 10262: 10260: 10257: 10255: 10252: 10250: 10247: 10245: 10242: 10240: 10237: 10235: 10232: 10230: 10227: 10225: 10222: 10220: 10217: 10216: 10214: 10212: 10208: 10204: 10197: 10192: 10190: 10185: 10183: 10178: 10177: 10174: 10164: 10163: 10159: 10150: 10146: 10145:South African 10142: 10138: 10134: 10130: 10126: 10122: 10121: 10118: 10112: 10109: 10107: 10104: 10102: 10099: 10097: 10094: 10091: 10088: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10078: 10075: 10072: 10070: 10067: 10065: 10062: 10060: 10057: 10055: 10052: 10049: 10046: 10044: 10041: 10038: 10035: 10032: 10029: 10027: 10024: 10023: 10021: 10017: 10011: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9997: 9994: 9992: 9989: 9987: 9984: 9982: 9979: 9978: 9976: 9972: 9966: 9963: 9961: 9958: 9957: 9955: 9949: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9924: 9922: 9918: 9912: 9909: 9907: 9904: 9901: 9898: 9895: 9893: 9890: 9887: 9884: 9882: 9879: 9877: 9874: 9872: 9869: 9866: 9863: 9861: 9858: 9856: 9853: 9851: 9848: 9845: 9842: 9839: 9837: 9834: 9832: 9829: 9827: 9824: 9821: 9819: 9816: 9815: 9813: 9811:Armoured cars 9809: 9802: 9799: 9796: 9793: 9791: 9788: 9785: 9782: 9780: 9779:Daimler Dingo 9777: 9776: 9774: 9770: 9767: 9765: 9764:armoured cars 9760: 9756: 9750: 9747: 9745: 9742: 9740: 9737: 9736:M9 half-track 9734: 9732: 9729: 9728:M5 half-track 9726: 9724: 9721: 9720:M3 half-track 9718: 9716: 9713: 9712:M2 half-track 9710: 9708: 9705: 9703: 9700: 9699: 9697: 9695: 9689: 9679: 9676: 9673: 9671: 9668: 9666: 9663: 9661: 9658: 9657: 9655: 9651: 9644: 9641: 9639: 9636: 9633: 9631: 9628: 9627: 9625: 9623: 9619: 9616: 9614: 9608: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9590: 9588: 9585: 9582: 9579: 9576: 9574: 9571: 9568: 9567: 9565: 9563: 9559: 9553: 9550: 9548: 9545: 9543: 9540: 9538: 9535: 9534: 9532: 9530: 9526: 9519: 9516: 9513: 9510: 9508: 9505: 9503: 9500: 9498: 9495: 9493: 9490: 9488: 9485: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9477:Cruiser Mk IV 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9467:Cruiser Mk II 9465: 9463: 9460: 9459: 9457: 9455: 9454:Cruiser tanks 9451: 9445: 9442: 9439: 9437: 9434: 9431: 9429: 9426: 9423: 9421: 9420:Vickers 6-ton 9418: 9416: 9413: 9411: 9408: 9406: 9403: 9401: 9398: 9397: 9395: 9393: 9389: 9386: 9384: 9380: 9376: 9372: 9365: 9360: 9358: 9353: 9351: 9346: 9345: 9342: 9332: 9327: 9321: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9312: 9310: 9308: 9304: 9294: 9291: 9289: 9288:M38 Wolfhound 9286: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9278:T18 Boarhound 9276: 9274: 9273:T17 Deerhound 9271: 9270: 9268: 9266:Armoured cars 9264: 9258: 9255: 9253: 9250: 9248: 9245: 9243: 9240: 9238: 9235: 9233: 9230: 9228: 9224: 9223: 9221: 9215: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9201: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9179: 9176: 9174: 9171: 9169: 9166: 9164: 9163:M6 heavy tank 9161: 9160: 9158: 9154: 9151: 9143: 9137: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9122: 9119: 9118: 9116: 9114: 9108: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9088: 9086: 9084: 9080: 9074: 9071: 9070: 9068: 9066: 9062: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9050:M9 half-track 9048: 9046: 9045:M5 half-track 9043: 9041: 9040:M3 half-track 9038: 9036: 9033: 9032: 9030: 9026: 9020: 9017: 9014: 9011: 9009: 9006: 9004: 9001: 8999: 8996: 8994: 8991: 8990: 8988: 8986: 8982: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8955: 8952: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8941: 8939: 8936: 8934: 8931: 8929: 8926: 8924: 8921: 8920: 8918: 8916: 8910: 8900: 8897: 8896: 8894: 8892: 8888: 8882: 8879: 8877: 8874: 8872: 8869: 8868: 8866: 8864: 8860: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8844: 8841: 8839: 8836: 8834: 8833:M2 light tank 8831: 8829: 8828:M1 combat car 8826: 8825: 8823: 8821: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8808: 8804: 8800: 8792: 8787: 8785: 8780: 8778: 8773: 8772: 8769: 8762: 8759: 8756: 8755:M42B1 Sherman 8753: 8750: 8747: 8745: 8742: 8740: 8737: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8710: 8690: 8686: 8682: 8678: 8674: 8672:0-89747-112-1 8668: 8664: 8660: 8656: 8652: 8646: 8642: 8637: 8633: 8627: 8623: 8618: 8614: 8608: 8604: 8600: 8595: 8591: 8585: 8581: 8576: 8572: 8566: 8562: 8557: 8553: 8547: 8543: 8538: 8534: 8532:1-84176-202-4 8528: 8524: 8519: 8515: 8509: 8505: 8500: 8496: 8490: 8486: 8481: 8477: 8475:0-85045-388-7 8471: 8467: 8463: 8459: 8455: 8449: 8445: 8440: 8436: 8432: 8428: 8426:9780804151979 8422: 8418: 8414: 8410: 8409: 8403: 8391: 8390: 8384: 8372: 8371: 8365: 8361: 8357: 8353: 8343:on 2022-10-19 8342: 8338: 8334: 8330: 8326: 8321: 8311:on 2022-10-19 8310: 8306: 8302: 8298: 8294: 8289: 8277: 8273: 8266: 8261: 8257: 8255:0-8117-3171-5 8251: 8247: 8243: 8238: 8234: 8232:1-896941-40-0 8228: 8224: 8220: 8216: 8206: 8202: 8198: 8196:9780527357658 8192: 8188: 8184: 8183: 8178: 8174: 8162: 8158: 8154: 8149: 8137: 8133: 8129: 8124: 8113:on 2017-02-02 8112: 8108: 8104: 8099: 8095: 8089: 8085: 8080: 8076: 8074:0-7643-0225-6 8070: 8066: 8062: 8057: 8053: 8051:0-88740-812-5 8047: 8043: 8038: 8034: 8032:1-85532-337-0 8028: 8024: 8019: 8008: 8004: 8000: 7998:9780811735599 7994: 7990: 7989: 7983: 7979: 7975: 7971: 7965: 7961: 7960: 7955: 7951: 7947: 7943: 7939: 7933: 7929: 7925: 7921: 7911:on 2022-10-19 7910: 7906: 7904:0-7006-1098-7 7900: 7896: 7895: 7889: 7885: 7883:1-84176-207-5 7879: 7875: 7870: 7866: 7860: 7856: 7852: 7847: 7843: 7837: 7833: 7828: 7824: 7818: 7814: 7810: 7805: 7801: 7799:1-85753-168-X 7795: 7791: 7786: 7782: 7776: 7772: 7771: 7765: 7761: 7755: 7751: 7750: 7744: 7733: 7727: 7723: 7722: 7716: 7704: 7700: 7699: 7694: 7690: 7688:0-9697955-9-9 7684: 7680: 7676: 7672: 7661: 7657: 7652: 7648: 7646:1-84509-009-8 7642: 7638: 7633: 7629: 7627:0-668-01867-4 7623: 7619: 7614: 7610: 7606: 7602: 7600:0-415-40773-7 7596: 7592: 7588: 7587:Buckley, John 7584: 7580: 7578:0-87341-223-0 7574: 7570: 7566: 7561: 7557: 7552: 7551: 7538: 7534: 7530: 7523: 7515: 7511: 7507: 7500: 7492: 7485: 7477: 7476: 7471: 7465: 7457: 7451: 7444: 7439: 7432: 7427: 7411: 7407: 7403: 7396: 7394: 7387:, p. 45. 7386: 7381: 7374: 7369: 7362: 7357: 7355: 7347: 7342: 7336:, p. 67. 7335: 7330: 7328: 7313:on 2007-07-07 7309: 7302: 7301: 7293: 7291: 7289: 7282:, p. 66. 7281: 7276: 7274: 7265: 7261: 7255: 7246: 7239: 7234: 7225: 7216: 7214: 7212: 7203: 7196: 7189: 7184: 7182: 7180: 7170: 7168: 7166: 7164: 7162: 7160: 7153:, p. 53. 7152: 7147: 7145: 7143: 7134: 7128: 7124: 7117: 7110: 7109: 7102: 7083: 7082: 7074: 7072: 7064: 7059: 7050: 7043: 7038: 7032:, p. 37. 7031: 7026: 7020: 7015: 7009: 7004: 6997: 6992: 6985: 6980: 6978: 6970: 6965: 6963: 6955: 6950: 6943: 6938: 6932:, p. 19. 6931: 6926: 6912: 6908: 6902: 6895: 6890: 6884:, p. 27. 6883: 6878: 6876: 6874: 6872: 6870: 6862: 6857: 6855: 6853: 6846:, p. 14. 6845: 6840: 6838: 6836: 6829:, p. 22. 6828: 6823: 6817:, p. 18. 6816: 6811: 6797:on 2021-10-02 6796: 6792: 6788: 6781: 6775:, p. 90. 6774: 6769: 6762: 6757: 6749: 6743: 6739: 6738: 6730: 6723: 6708: 6702: 6695: 6680: 6674: 6667: 6662: 6655: 6650: 6643: 6638: 6631: 6626: 6619: 6614: 6607: 6602: 6595: 6594: 6587: 6585: 6583: 6575: 6570: 6563: 6558: 6551: 6546: 6539: 6538: 6531: 6529: 6522:, p. 20. 6521: 6516: 6514: 6506: 6501: 6499: 6491: 6486: 6479: 6474: 6458: 6454: 6450: 6443: 6434: 6427: 6422: 6407: 6401: 6399: 6391: 6386: 6378: 6374: 6370: 6363: 6361: 6359: 6351: 6346: 6340:, p. 93. 6339: 6334: 6327: 6322: 6315: 6310: 6303: 6298: 6291: 6286: 6279: 6274: 6266: 6262: 6258: 6251: 6244: 6239: 6231: 6224: 6217: 6212: 6205: 6200: 6185:on 2016-11-18 6184: 6180: 6176: 6170: 6163: 6158: 6151: 6146: 6139: 6134: 6132: 6124: 6119: 6112: 6107: 6093:on 2022-09-20 6089: 6085: 6079: 6072: 6071: 6063: 6061: 6059: 6057: 6055: 6047: 6046:Zaloga (1999) 6042: 6035: 6030: 6023: 6018: 6012:, p. 34. 6011: 6006: 6000:, p. 40. 5999: 5994: 5987: 5982: 5976:, p. 37. 5975: 5970: 5963: 5958: 5950: 5944: 5936: 5930: 5923: 5918: 5902: 5898: 5891: 5884: 5871: 5867: 5861: 5854: 5849: 5840: 5834:, p. 37. 5833: 5828: 5820: 5819: 5811: 5804: 5799: 5792: 5787: 5780: 5775: 5767: 5762:, p. 49. 5761: 5756: 5749: 5744: 5737: 5732: 5725: 5720: 5705: 5701: 5697: 5690: 5682: 5678: 5672: 5656: 5652: 5648: 5641: 5634: 5629: 5622: 5617: 5610: 5605: 5598: 5593: 5591: 5584:, p. 24. 5583: 5578: 5571: 5566: 5559: 5554: 5547: 5546: 5539: 5533:, p. 93. 5532: 5527: 5525: 5517: 5512: 5505: 5504:, 22 May 1941 5503: 5497: 5490: 5489:, 22 May 1941 5488: 5482: 5475: 5474:, 22 May 1941 5473: 5467: 5461:, p. 27. 5460: 5455: 5448: 5443: 5436: 5431: 5425:, p. 34. 5424: 5419: 5412: 5407: 5401:, p. 72. 5400: 5395: 5386: 5384: 5376: 5375:von Luck 1989 5371: 5364: 5359: 5352: 5347: 5341:, p. 28. 5340: 5335: 5329:, p. 34. 5328: 5323: 5317:, p. 19. 5316: 5311: 5304: 5299: 5297: 5281: 5277: 5271: 5264: 5262: 5255: 5253: 5251: 5249: 5247: 5245: 5243: 5241: 5239: 5237: 5235: 5233: 5231: 5229: 5227: 5225: 5223: 5221: 5219: 5217: 5215: 5213: 5206:, p. 57. 5205: 5200: 5198: 5190: 5188: 5182: 5178: 5163: 5156: 5150: 5142: 5136: 5129: 5123: 5114: 5105: 5101: 5090: 5086: 5083: 5079: 5076: 5072: 5070: 5069:Type 3 Chi-Nu 5066: 5063: 5059: 5057: 5053: 5051: 5047: 5044: 5040: 5038: 5034: 5031: 5027: 5025: 5021: 5018: 5014: 5012: 5008: 5006: 5002: 5000: 4996: 4994: 4990: 4989: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4946: 4936: 4932: 4921: 4918: 4917:United States 4907: 4904: 4893: 4890: 4879: 4877: 4866: 4863: 4852: 4849: 4838: 4835: 4824: 4821: 4809: 4806: 4795: 4793: 4782: 4780: 4769: 4767: 4756: 4753: 4742: 4739: 4728: 4725: 4714: 4712: 4701: 4698: 4694: 4683: 4678: 4677: 4664: 4662: 4651: 4649: 4638: 4635: 4631: 4627: 4624:: 20 M4A3E8 ( 4623: 4612: 4609: 4598: 4595: 4584: 4581: 4570: 4568: 4557: 4555: 4544: 4542: 4531: 4529: 4518: 4505: 4504: 4502: 4491: 4489: 4478: 4476: 4465: 4462: 4451: 4449: 4438: 4435: 4431: 4420: 4418: 4407: 4405: 4394: 4392: 4381: 4378: 4367: 4364: 4353: 4350: 4339: 4337: 4326: 4325: 4318: 4316: 4311: 4309: 4305: 4301: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4286: 4282: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4261: 4259: 4255: 4246: 4242: 4240: 4235: 4233: 4229: 4225: 4220: 4215: 4211: 4206: 4204: 4200: 4196: 4188: 4184: 4177: 4172: 4165: 4162:M4A2(76)W in 4160: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4125: 4121: 4118: 4115: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4101: 4098: 4097: 4091: 4090: 4084: 4081: 4076: 4073: 4071: 4067: 4064: 4063: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4043: 4038: 4035: 4032: 4028: 4025: 4023: 4019: 4016: 4013: 4010: 4008: 4004: 4001: 4000: 3999: 3995: 3985: 3981: 3977: 3973: 3965: 3961: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3946: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3928:other units. 3925: 3921: 3917: 3909: 3905: 3895: 3892: 3884: 3874: 3870: 3864: 3863: 3858:This section 3856: 3852: 3847: 3846: 3838: 3834: 3830: 3821: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3800: 3798: 3793: 3789: 3787: 3781: 3777: 3768: 3764: 3760: 3746: 3743: 3735: 3723: 3722: 3716: 3711: 3702: 3701: 3692: 3689: 3681: 3678:February 2023 3671: 3667: 3663: 3657: 3653: 3650:This section 3648: 3639: 3638: 3630: 3622: 3617: 3615: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3602:the flotation 3596: 3591: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3577: 3573: 3566: 3561: 3559: 3555: 3548: 3543: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3528: 3521: 3517: 3513: 3504: 3502: 3493: 3488: 3479: 3477: 3472: 3468: 3467: 3466:Panzerschreck 3462: 3461: 3456: 3452: 3451:shaped-charge 3434: 3429: 3422: 3417: 3410: 3405: 3404: 3403: 3401: 3397: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3376: 3366: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3352: 3348: 3342: 3340: 3336: 3331: 3326: 3324: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3307: 3304: 3297:Effectiveness 3294: 3277: 3274: 3267: 3263: 3258: 3249: 3246: 3241: 3229: 3224: 3215: 3212: 3209: 3206: 3202: 3199: 3196: 3182: 3178: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3163: 3158: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3146: 3140: 3138: 3130: 3126: 3121: 3116: 3106: 3103: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3061: 3059: 3055: 3045: 3043: 3038: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3011: 3006: 3002: 3000: 2999:3-inch gun M7 2995: 2994:7.5 cm KwK 42 2990: 2986: 2981: 2978: 2973: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2962:7.5 cm KwK 42 2959: 2958:7.5 cm KwK 40 2949: 2945: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2921: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2909:7.5 cm KwK 40 2906: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2891: 2888: 2878:(100 meters) 2875: 2873: 2870: 2869: 2865: 2862: 2859: 2856: 2855: 2851: 2848: 2845: 2843: 2842: 2836: 2834: 2830: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2810: 2806: 2801: 2798: 2793: 2791: 2790:3-inch gun M7 2787: 2786:M6 heavy tank 2771: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2756: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2729: 2724: 2718: 2716: 2712: 2708: 2704: 2694: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2679: 2676: 2672: 2667: 2665: 2661: 2656: 2654: 2648: 2646: 2643:, the M4A3E8 2642: 2635: 2630: 2621: 2619: 2613: 2611: 2607: 2606:Type 4 Chi-To 2603: 2602:Type 3 Chi-Nu 2595: 2591: 2586: 2582: 2580: 2575: 2571: 2570:Type 95 Ha-Go 2567: 2563: 2554: 2550: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2479: 2470: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2437: 2435: 2430: 2423: 2419: 2414: 2408:Eastern Front 2405: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2392: 2383: 2379: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2360: 2358: 2354: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2320: 2311: 2309: 2304: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2288: 2276: 2272: 2267: 2254: 2251: 2249: 2246: 2245: 2241: 2238: 2235: 2232: 2227: 2224: 2221: 2218: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2199: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2169: 2162: 2157: 2154: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2140: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2126: 2121: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2107: 2104: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2091: 2088: 2083: 2080: 2075: 2072: 2069: 2066: 2061: 2058: 2056: 2045: 2042: 2039: 2034: 2031: 2028: 2025: 2020: 2017: 2014: 2011: 2006: 2003: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1990: 1987: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1974:M4(105) HVSS 1973: 1968: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1954: 1951: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1930: 1927: 1922: 1919: 1917:Manufacturers 1916: 1913: 1906: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1871: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1794:– Slip ring, 1793: 1789: 1785: 1782:– Generator, 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1726:– Periscope, 1725: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1708: 1704: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1689: 1685: 1677: 1672: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1645: 1644: 1641: 1637: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1627: 1623: 1620: 1617: 1614: 1613: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1599: 1596: 1592: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1550: 1547: 1544: 1541: 1540: 1536: 1533: 1530: 1527: 1526: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1512: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1500:M4 Composite 1499: 1498: 1494: 1491: 1488: 1485: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1467: 1466: 1462: 1459: 1457:Main armament 1456: 1453: 1452: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1422: 1418: 1416: 1412: 1409: 1408:Wright R-1820 1405: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1366: 1362: 1360: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1332: 1328: 1327:Great Britain 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1287: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1251: 1249: 1243: 1240: 1236: 1230: 1225: 1223: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1198: 1189: 1185: 1183: 1179: 1178:radial engine 1175: 1174:rubber-bushed 1171: 1166: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1155:M2 light tank 1152: 1148: 1139: 1130: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1107: 1103: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1071: 1066: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1042: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 991:United States 988: 984: 981:, officially 980: 965: 962: 960: 957: 955: 952: 951: 948: 942: 939: 937: 934: 932: 929: 927: 924: 922: 919: 918: 915: 911: 902: 897: 895: 890: 888: 883: 882: 879: 867: 864: 863: 861: 859:Post–Cold War 857: 851: 848: 846: 843: 841: 838: 836: 833: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 816: 813: 811: 810:M551 Sheridan 808: 806: 803: 801: 798: 796: 793: 791: 788: 786: 783: 781: 778: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 763: 761: 758: 757: 755: 753: 749: 743: 740: 738: 735: 733: 730: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 704: 702: 700: 696: 690: 687: 685: 684:M2 light tank 682: 680: 679:M1 combat car 677: 675: 672: 670: 669:T1 light tank 667: 665: 662: 660: 657: 656: 654: 652: 648: 642: 639: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 622: 619: 618: 616: 614: 610: 606: 597: 592: 590: 585: 583: 578: 577: 574: 565: 559: 549: 541: 537: 533: 529: 526: 522: 518: 514: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 491: 485: 479: 473: 469: 465: 457: 453: 449: 445: 441: 438: 432: 431:Browning M2HB 429: 426: 418: 414: 407: 400: 397: 389: 385: 383: 379: 374: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 342: 338: 334: 329: 326: 322: 321:U.S. variants 318: 314: 310: 303: 297: 293: 289: 285: 279: 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 264: 261: 259: 256: 254: 251: 248: 246: 243: 241: 238: 236: 233: 232: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 205: 199: 198:Iran–Iraq War 196: 194: 191: 189: 186: 184: 181: 179: 176: 174: 171: 169: 166: 164: 161: 159: 156: 154: 151: 149: 146: 144: 141: 139: 136: 134: 131: 129: 126: 124: 121: 119: 116: 114: 111: 110: 108: 104: 100: 96: 92: 86: 82: 77: 74: 73:United States 71: 67: 64: 61: 57: 53: 47: 42: 35: 30: 19: 10829:Background: 10828: 10786:Type 5 To-Ku 10781:Type 5 Ke-Ho 10676:Nahuel DL 43 10651:Black Prince 10472:AC1 Sentinel 10394:M26 Pershing 10381: 10377:M3 Lee/Grant 10324:Type 4 Ke-Nu 10319:Type 2 Ka-Mi 10314:Type 2 Ke-To 10304:Panzer 35(t) 10239:M3/M5 Stuart 10156:Background: 10155: 10124: 10085:Hillman Gnat 10069:Black Prince 10009: 9905: 9849: 9825: 9801:S1 Scout Car 9738: 9730: 9722: 9714: 9707:Loyd Carrier 9677: 9637: 9586: 9583: 9572: 9562:Medium tanks 9462:Cruiser Mk I 9443: 9435: 9427: 9425:M3/M5 Stuart 9293:S1 Scout Car 9149:run vehicles 9091:M3 Scout Car 9083:Armored cars 8899:M26 Pershing 8880: 8803:World War II 8693:. Retrieved 8684: 8681:"M4 Sherman" 8662: 8640: 8621: 8598: 8579: 8560: 8541: 8522: 8503: 8484: 8465: 8443: 8407: 8394:. Retrieved 8388: 8375:. Retrieved 8369: 8359: 8345:. Retrieved 8341:the original 8328: 8313:. Retrieved 8309:the original 8296: 8280:. Retrieved 8275: 8271: 8241: 8222: 8208:. Retrieved 8181: 8165:. Retrieved 8161:the original 8156: 8140:. Retrieved 8136:the original 8131: 8115:. Retrieved 8111:the original 8106: 8083: 8060: 8041: 8022: 8010:. Retrieved 7987: 7958: 7927: 7913:. Retrieved 7909:the original 7893: 7873: 7850: 7831: 7813:Zenith Press 7808: 7789: 7769: 7748: 7735:. Retrieved 7720: 7707:. Retrieved 7697: 7678: 7663:. Retrieved 7659: 7636: 7617: 7590: 7567:. Iola, WI: 7564: 7555: 7528: 7522: 7505: 7499: 7490: 7484: 7473: 7464: 7450: 7438: 7426: 7414:. Retrieved 7410:the original 7385:Gelbart 1996 7380: 7368: 7341: 7315:. Retrieved 7308:the original 7299: 7263: 7254: 7245: 7233: 7224: 7201: 7195: 7122: 7116: 7107: 7101: 7089:. Retrieved 7080: 7058: 7049: 7037: 7025: 7014: 7003: 6996:Buckley 2006 6991: 6969:Buckley 2006 6949: 6942:Buckley 2006 6937: 6925: 6914:. Retrieved 6910: 6901: 6894:Buckley 2006 6889: 6822: 6810: 6799:. Retrieved 6795:the original 6790: 6780: 6768: 6756: 6736: 6729: 6721: 6714:. Retrieved 6701: 6693: 6686:. Retrieved 6673: 6661: 6649: 6637: 6630:Summers 1945 6625: 6613: 6601: 6592: 6569: 6557: 6545: 6536: 6485: 6473: 6461:. Retrieved 6457:the original 6452: 6442: 6433: 6425: 6421: 6409:. Retrieved 6385: 6368: 6345: 6333: 6321: 6309: 6297: 6285: 6273: 6256: 6250: 6238: 6229: 6223: 6211: 6199: 6187:. Retrieved 6183:the original 6178: 6169: 6157: 6145: 6118: 6106: 6095:. Retrieved 6088:the original 6069: 6041: 6029: 6017: 6005: 5993: 5981: 5969: 5957: 5943: 5929: 5917: 5905:. Retrieved 5900: 5890: 5881: 5874:. Retrieved 5870:IRemember.ru 5869: 5860: 5848: 5839: 5827: 5817: 5810: 5798: 5786: 5774: 5755: 5743: 5731: 5719: 5707:. Retrieved 5699: 5689: 5680: 5671: 5659:. Retrieved 5655:the original 5650: 5640: 5628: 5616: 5604: 5577: 5565: 5553: 5544: 5538: 5511: 5501: 5496: 5486: 5481: 5471: 5466: 5454: 5442: 5430: 5418: 5406: 5394: 5370: 5358: 5346: 5334: 5322: 5310: 5283:. Retrieved 5279: 5270: 5260: 5186: 5181: 5162: 5154: 5149: 5135: 5122: 5113: 5104: 4993:Nahuel DL 43 4834:Soviet Union 4820:South Africa 4726:: M4A3 (105) 4674: 4626:Marine Corps 4314: 4312: 4262: 4251: 4236: 4218: 4207: 4192: 4166:, April 1945 4110: 4106: 4095: 4088: 4041: 3997: 3982: 3978: 3974: 3970: 3967:Chrysler A57 3958: 3954: 3950: 3942: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3902: 3887: 3878: 3867:Please help 3862:verification 3859: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3794: 3790: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3765: 3761: 3758: 3738: 3729: 3718: 3684: 3675: 3662:spinning off 3655: 3651: 3627: 3614:Royal Tigers 3610: 3606: 3598: 3593: 3582: 3580: 3568: 3563: 3557: 3554:Albert Speer 3550: 3545: 3540:Liberty L-12 3529: 3525: 3497: 3470: 3464: 3458: 3447: 3438:Panzer_IV_G. 3400:M26 Pershing 3372: 3357:-era trench 3351:tommy cooker 3343: 3327: 3319: 3311: 3308: 3300: 3278: 3270: 3242: 3238: 3227: 3192: 3167: 3159: 3143: 3141: 3133: 3073:M26 Pershing 3062: 3051: 3039: 3015: 2982: 2974: 2954: 2922: 2917:muzzle brake 2904:panzerjaeger 2902: 2892: 2883: 2846:105 mm 2833:QF 6-pounder 2829:Panther tank 2802: 2794: 2782: 2757: 2752: 2749:Sherman M-51 2737:Sherman M-50 2719: 2702: 2700: 2680: 2671:M26 Pershing 2668: 2657: 2649: 2644: 2638: 2614: 2599: 2559: 2527:Soviet Union 2484: 2466: 2461: 2438: 2431: 2427: 2402: 2399: 2388: 2361: 2325: 2314:First combat 2305: 2297:Soviet Union 2290: 2167:total 1,925 2047: 1914:Designation 1872: 1864:Percy Hobart 1852:T34 Calliope 1844: 1841:Duplex Drive 1833: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1778:– Radiator, 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1681: 1454:Designation 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1427: 1410: 1371: 1355: 1342:M4A4 Sherman 1299: 1290: 1283: 1269: 1244: 1232: 1227: 1219: 1186: 1182:Axis nations 1167: 1144: 1108: 1104: 1098:gun (as the 1070:North Africa 1067: 1043: 1027:Soviet Union 999:World War II 982: 978: 976: 941:T34 Calliope 920: 907: 742:M26 Pershing 721: 699:World War II 509:Transmission 497:Power/weight 482:M4A4 model: 476:M4A3 model: 462:M4A2 model: 408:(71 rounds) 228:Manufacturer 113:World War II 94:Used by 29: 10555:Type 2 Ho-I 10259:Renault R40 10249:M24 Chaffee 10219:Toldi tanks 10149:New Zealand 9986:Bedford OXA 9441:M24 Chaffee 9392:Light tanks 8848:M24 Chaffee 8396:5 September 8377:5 September 8219:Reid, Brian 7675:Copp, Terry 7443:Tracol 2012 7431:Tracol 2011 7346:Zaloga 2008 7190:, p. . 7042:Zaloga 2008 6984:Zaloga 2008 6844:Zaloga 1993 6815:Esteve 2020 6712:. p. 2 6684:. p. 2 6654:Zaloga 2008 6618:Zaloga 2008 6606:Zaloga 2010 6574:Zaloga 2008 6562:Zaloga 2008 6550:Zaloga 2008 6490:Zaloga 2008 6478:Zaloga 2004 6390:Zaloga 2008 6350:Zaloga 2008 6338:Zaloga 2008 6326:Zaloga 2008 6314:Zaloga 2003 6302:Zaloga 2008 6290:Zaloga 2008 6278:Zaloga 2008 6243:Zaloga 2008 6179:Indomiliter 6162:Zaloga 1981 6123:Zaloga 2010 6111:Zaloga 2001 6034:Zaloga 2008 6022:Zaloga 2007 6010:Zaloga 2007 5998:Zaloga 2007 5986:Zaloga 2007 5974:Zaloga 2007 5962:Zaloga 2008 5922:Zaloga 2008 5903:. IRemember 5855:in Russian. 5832:Zaloga 2003 5760:Zaloga 2018 5736:Zaloga 2008 5609:Berndt 1993 5597:Berndt 1993 5582:Zaloga 2008 5570:Zaloga 2008 5558:Zaloga 2008 5447:Postan 1952 5399:Zaloga 2009 5339:Zaloga 2009 5327:Zaloga 2008 5315:Zaloga 1993 5303:Berndt 1993 5285:February 2, 5204:Zaloga 2008 5126:The Soviet 5005:Thunderbolt 5003:Australian 4997:Australian 4779:Philippines 4711:New Zealand 4693:Netherlands 4676:Beutepanzer 4622:South Korea 4514:Free France 4296:Six-Day War 4199:Free France 4114:mine roller 4111:Aunt Jemima 3988:US variants 3795:The Soviet 3633:Reliability 3572:Kummersdorf 3520:Stuart tank 3471:Panzerfaust 3460:Panzerfaust 3355:World War I 3211:M2 Browning 3208:.50 caliber 3198:.30 caliber 3152:tanks used 2876:88 mm 2852:76 mm 2849:75 mm 2741:Six-Day War 2728:Suez Crisis 2723:Renault R35 2639:During the 2594:New Britain 2588:As part of 2547:light tanks 2342:was at the 1856:mine flails 1848:flame tanks 1701:gun mantlet 1649:75 mm 1632:75 mm 1618:76 mm 1587:75 mm 1575:(conjoined 1566:76 mm 1554:(conjoined 1545:75 mm 1531:76 mm 1517:75 mm 1503:75 mm 1471:75 mm 1396:Caterpillar 1123:Vietnam War 987:medium tank 732:M24 Chaffee 613:World War I 544:Operational 517:synchromesh 437:.30 caliber 428:.50 caliber 415:(66 rounds) 308: built 173:Six-Day War 153:Suez Crisis 63:Medium tank 10849:Categories 10721:T20 medium 10615:Prototypes 10540:Matilda II 10482:Covenanter 10404:Panzer III 10382:M4 Sherman 10244:M22 Locust 10133:Australian 10129:lend-lease 9965:Guy Lizard 9881:Morris CS9 9772:Scout cars 9759:Scout cars 9542:Matilda II 9502:Challenger 9482:Covenanter 9433:M22 Locust 9307:Lend-Lease 8881:M4 Sherman 8843:M22 Locust 8347:2022-03-28 8315:2022-03-28 8210:2015-10-02 8167:18 January 7978:1012798923 7915:2022-03-27 7876:. Osprey. 7874:M4 Sherman 7709:23 October 7317:2018-04-30 6916:2022-10-21 6801:2021-10-02 6463:28 October 6097:2022-06-27 5545:M4 SHERMAN 5351:House 2001 5174:References 5077:(proposal) 5064:(proposal) 5048:Hungarian 5030:Panzer III 4991:Argentine 4979:Rhino tank 4931:Yugoslavia 4634:M48 Patton 4434:Lend-Lease 4310:platform. 4258:Korean War 4214:powertrain 4195:Lend-Lease 4144:See also: 3666:relocating 3494:, Brussels 3323:Panzer III 2938:Third Army 2926:First Army 2900:Marder III 2817:Panzer III 2715:M60 Patton 2711:M48 Patton 2707:M47 Patton 2703:Easy Eight 2697:Other uses 2675:M46 Patton 2645:Easy Eight 2641:Korean War 2634:Korean War 2624:Korean War 2616:tank) and 2336:Suez Canal 2285:See also: 2281:Allocation 2191:M4A3(105) 2155:M4A3(76)W 2113:M4A3(75)W 2067:M4A2(76)W 2012:M4A1(76)W 1837:Easy Eight 1746:– Turret, 1676:76 mm 1615:M4A3(76)W 1584:M4A3(75)W 1563:M4A2(76)W 1528:M4A1(76)W 1415:Lend-Lease 1392:two-stroke 1258:See also: 1239:blitzkrieg 1200:A Sherman 1115:Korean War 1019:Lend-Lease 1005:including 979:M4 Sherman 959:Lend-Lease 921:M4 Sherman 866:M10 Booker 790:M48 Patton 785:M47 Patton 765:M46 Patton 727:M22 Locust 722:M4 Sherman 641:Renault FT 524:Suspension 138:Korean War 87:1942–2018 10746:T34 Heavy 10741:T32 Heavy 10736:T30 Heavy 10731:T29 Heavy 10716:T14 heavy 10706:Schofield 10701:Sahariano 10661:Excelsior 10545:Valentine 10535:Churchill 10409:Panzer IV 10372:M2 Medium 10299:Panzer II 10127:American 10090:Schofield 10080:Excelsior 9981:Armadillo 9653:anti-tank 9613:artillery 9578:Grizzly I 9570:Grant/Lee 9552:Churchill 9547:Valentine 9537:Matilda I 9219:artillery 9015:(Hellcat) 8915:artillery 8838:M3 Stuart 8797:American 8695:March 28, 8435:865473178 8337:1765-0828 8305:1765-0828 8282:10 August 8205:464065247 8142:12 August 8012:12 August 8007:319169715 7956:(2015) . 7737:12 August 7665:9 January 7609:154699922 7589:(2006) . 7537:1765-0828 7514:1765-0828 6954:Copp 2000 6882:Hart 2007 6861:Reid 2005 6265:506059988 6189:7 January 5363:Dunn 2007 5259:Conners, 5073:Romanian 5067:Japanese 5050:Turán III 5037:Panzer IV 5024:Grizzly I 5022:Canadian 4969:G-numbers 4905:: 17,181. 4724:Nicaragua 4594:Indonesia 4349:Australia 4336:Argentina 4277:AMX-13/75 4187:Ljubljana 3881:July 2023 3786:injectors 3384:Panzer IV 3303:Panzer IV 2970:shot trap 2821:Panzer IV 2689:operated 2523:Manchukuo 1862:" (after 1688:T20/22/23 1638:gasoline 1411:Cyclone 9 1278:Bovington 1088:artillery 830:M1 Abrams 674:T2 medium 502:short ton 421:Secondary 10605:Tiger II 10527:Infantry 10492:Cavalier 10487:Crusader 10294:Panzer I 10289:Tetrarch 10137:Canadian 10106:Tortoise 9953:vehicles 9744:Terrapin 9702:Kangaroo 9694:carriers 9518:Sentinel 9492:Cavalier 9487:Crusader 8950:(Priest) 8464:(1981). 8221:(2005). 8179:(1952). 7926:(1978). 7853:. Duel. 7811:. City: 7703:Archived 7416:23 April 6377:71143143 5087:Swedish 5060:Italian 5054:Italian 5015:British 5011:Cromwell 5009:British 4999:Sentinel 4943:See also 4836:: 3,664. 4805:Portugal 4752:Paraguay 4738:Pakistan 4488:Ethiopia 4273:CN-75-50 4210:Ram tank 4096:Whizbang 4089:Calliope 4077:M4-2B1E9 4042:Long Tom 3595:climber. 3507:Mobility 3444:Upgrades 3369:Overview 3228:appliqué 3109:Variants 3052:General 3035:Tiger II 2989:tungsten 2896:StuG III 2887:calibers 2774:Armament 2753:Shot Kal 2691:M36 GMCs 2673:and the 2529:and the 2447:and the 1960:M4(105) 1486:M4(105) 1378:Ford GAA 1359:Ram tank 1192:Doctrine 1163:traverse 1037:General 954:Variants 800:M60 tank 752:Cold War 651:Interwar 478:Ford GAA 423:armament 394:armament 316:Variants 295:Produced 220:Designed 212:Designer 18:Shermans 10796:Verdeja 10791:Valiant 10626:44M Tas 10600:Tiger I 10595:KV tank 10573:IS tank 10512:Grizzly 10464:Cruiser 10264:NI tank 10224:KhTZ-16 10111:Valiant 10064:Avenger 9584:Sherman 8956:(Scott) 7946:4135770 7547:Sources 6716:18 June 6688:18 June 6411:May 20, 5907:13 June 5661:7 April 5080:Soviet 5043:Panther 5041:German 5035:German 5028:German 4949:SCR-508 4648:Lebanon 4461:Denmark 4363:Belgium 4308:Merkava 4300:T-34-85 4239:Grizzly 3939:GM 6046 3715:sources 3588:Panther 3392:Tiger I 3388:Panther 3347:Tommies 3288:⁄ 3195:coaxial 3027:Tiger I 2825:Tiger I 2809:caliber 2807:, a 40- 2507:Pacific 2505:to the 2465:wrote: 2457:Panther 2434:T-34/76 2252:49,234 2141:M4A3E2 1659:radial 1621:welded 1607:welded 1590:welded 1569:welded 1548:welded 1492:welded 1481:radial 1474:welded 1463:Engine 1323:Germany 1317:as was 1291:Michael 1270:Michael 1050:sponson 989:by the 936:DD tank 931:Grizzly 926:Firefly 825:HSTV(L) 515:manual 10646:AMX 40 10399:P26/40 10367:M15/42 10362:M14/41 10357:M13/40 10352:M11/39 10334:Medium 10141:Indian 10043:Alecto 9670:Archer 9660:Deacon 9643:Sexton 9635:Priest 9630:Bishop 8876:M3 Lee 8863:Medium 8669: 8647: 8628: 8609: 8586: 8567: 8548: 8529: 8510: 8491: 8472: 8450: 8433: 8423: 8335: 8303: 8252: 8229: 8203: 8193: 8117:7 June 8090: 8071: 8048: 8029: 8005: 7995: 7976: 7966: 7944: 7934: 7901: 7880: 7861: 7838: 7819: 7796: 7777: 7756: 7728: 7685: 7643: 7624: 7607: 7597: 7575: 7535: 7512: 7264:Flickr 7129: 7091:21 May 6744: 6375: 6263: 6080: 5883:what?" 5876:16 May 5263:(2013) 5157:(2013) 4928: 4914: 4900: 4889:Turkey 4886: 4876:Uganda 4873: 4859: 4848:Sweden 4845: 4831: 4817: 4802: 4792:Poland 4789: 4776: 4763: 4749: 4735: 4721: 4708: 4695:: The 4690: 4671: 4661:Mexico 4658: 4645: 4619: 4605: 4591: 4577: 4567:Israel 4564: 4551: 4538: 4528:Greece 4525: 4512: 4503:: 755 4501:France 4498: 4485: 4472: 4458: 4445: 4427: 4414: 4401: 4391:Canada 4388: 4377:Brazil 4374: 4360: 4346: 4333: 4285:AMX-30 4267:. The 4265:Israel 4178:, 1948 4152:, and 4107:Doozit 4054:, and 3841:Engine 3482:M4A3E2 3363:Ronson 3353:was a 3273:glacis 3266:bocage 3235:Turret 3145:bocage 2977:bocage 2860:1,010 2788:, the 2733:AMX-13 2545:found 2543:Allies 2459:tank. 2443:, the 2422:Grabow 2357:Patton 2355:under 2247:Total 2225:7,499 2211:2,539 2183:2,617 2119:2,420 2105:1,690 2089:1,321 2073:1,594 2059:8,053 2032:1,255 2018:2,171 2004:6,281 1952:6,748 1893:, and 1595:GAA V8 1400:radial 1350:Warren 1229:areas. 1029:, and 1013:, and 815:MBT-70 717:M3 Lee 550:Road: 513:Spicer 456:radial 447:Engine 360:Height 344:Length 10565:Heavy 10507:Comet 10229:L6/40 10211:Light 10143:, SA 10123:Key: 10101:TOG 2 10096:TOG 1 9991:Bison 9622:field 9507:Comet 9383:Tanks 9156:Tanks 8891:Heavy 8820:Light 8811:Tanks 8734:OnWar 8268:(PDF) 7311:(PDF) 7304:(PDF) 7085:(PDF) 6710:(PDF) 6682:(PDF) 6091:(PDF) 6074:(PDF) 5709:1 May 5096:Notes 5017:Comet 4862:Syria 4608:Japan 4580:Italy 4541:India 4475:Egypt 4404:Chile 4219:above 3359:stove 3349:"; 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