827:
550:. This is a fairly large species of crane, typically weighing 4.9β8.6 kg (11β19 lb) and standing about 140 cm (4 ft 7 in) tall. The wingspan is reportedly from 210 to 260 cm (6 ft 11 in to 8 ft 6 in) and length is 115β127 cm (45β50 in). Males are on average larger than females. The average weight of adults in one study was 6.81 kg (15.0 lb) while juvenile birds were slightly heavier on average at 7.1 kg (16 lb). There is a single record of an outsized male of this species weighing 15 kg (33 lb). Usually, this crane is usually slightly smaller in weight and height than some other cranes, particularly the
31:
896:
97:
2072:(Fig. 3.33) used to be the most charismatic and rare bird at Ghana or the Keoladeo National Park of Bharatpur. At one time, hundreds of "Sibes" used to winter in the Ghana Bird Sanctuary. Like white ghosts in the mist, they were lured by other north Indian wetlands from far and near. The "Sibes" used to visit Ghana from their breeding grounds in Siberia in search of food owing to the nonavailability of summer supplies due to extreme cold. No Siberian Crane was sighted in Bharatpur since 2003.
3818:
55:
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494:
226:
357:
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males and female however are more distinctive with marked differences across pairs. The female produces a higher pitched call which is the "loo" in the duetted "doodle-loo" call. Pairs will walk around other pairs to threaten them and drive them away from their territory. In captivity, one individual
529:
is yellowish. Juveniles are feathered on the face and the plumage is dingy brown. There are no elongated tertial feathers as in some other crane species. During breeding season, both the male and female cranes are often seen with mud streaking their feathers; they may intentionally smear mud on their
920:
of North
America has a smaller but rising population that is better protected, giving the species a status of endangered.) The western population of the Siberian crane had dwindled to four in 2002 and subsequently it was thought to be extirpated, but a single individual, named
974:. Satellite telemetry was also used to track the migration of the eastern population in the mid-1990s, leading to the discovery of new resting areas along the species' flyway in eastern Russia and China. The Siberian crane is one of the species to which the
794:
in about 80 days. Usually only a single chick survives due to aggression between young birds. The population increase per year is less than 10%, the lowest recruitment rate among cranes. Their success in breeding may further be hampered by disturbance from
907:
of the
Siberian crane is very serious. In 2008, the decreasing world population was estimated to be around 3500β4000 individuals, nearly all of them belonging to the eastern breeding population. Of the 15 crane species, this is the only regarded as
959:. In 1974, as many as 75 birds wintered in Bharatpur, but this population declined to a single pair in 1992 and the last bird was seen in 2002. An individual that escaped from a private menagerie was shot in the
2239:(SCFC) enhances communication among the large network of scientists, governmental agencies, biologists, private organizations, and citizens involved with Siberian crane conservation in Eurasia.
634:
for both their wintering and breeding areas, making use of the same sites year after year. The western population winters in Iran and some individuals formerly wintered in India south to
5823:
1760:
1672:
Bragina, EV & Irina R. Beme (2010). "Siberian crane duet as an individual signature of a pair: comparison of visual and statistical classification techniques".
2177:"Migration routes and important resting areas of Siberian cranes Crus leucogeranus between northeastern Siberian and China as revealed by satellite tracking"
6247:
2142:
Kanai, Yutaka; Nagendran, Meenakshi; Ueta, Mutsuyuki; Markin, Yuri; Rinne, Juhani; Sorokin, Alexander G.; Higuchi, Hiroyoshi; Archibald, George W. (2002).
1881:
Bysykatova, IP; M. V. Vladimirtseva; N. N. Egorov & S. M. Sleptsov (2010). "Spring
Migrations of the Siberian Crane (Grus leucogeranus) in Yakutia".
340:. The world population was estimated in 2010 at about 3,200 birds, mostly belonging to the eastern population with about 95% of them wintering in the
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5134:
5525:
5114:
5016:
4690:
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and hunting on their migration routes. The breeding areas in modern times are restricted to two widely disjunct regions. The western area in the
5425:
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5124:
5104:
4599:
4405:
4307:
1734:
6267:
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5093:
4956:
4650:
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1761:"Will the Three Gorges Dam affect the underwater light climate of Vallisneria spiralis L. and food habitat of Siberian crane in Poyang Lake?"
925:", has wintered in Iran since 2006-2007. The wintering site at Poyang in China holds an estimated 98% of the population and is threatened by
5677:
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5174:
5144:
5063:
5006:
4986:
4724:
4714:
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2176:
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along with the wattled crane. Comparisons of the DNA sequences of cytochrome-b however suggest that the
Siberian crane is basal among the
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5073:
5043:
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by the female after the second egg is laid, with the male standing guard nearby. The eggs hatch in about 27 to 29 days. The young birds
5252:
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983:
5316:
4671:
1184:
441:
2231:
1636:
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754:. Specimens wintering in India have been found to have mainly aquatic plants in their stomachs. They are however noted to pick up
740:
edge of their bill, but later studies suggest that they take animal prey mainly when the vegetation is covered by snow. They also
6154:
2725:
1619:
1520:
1192:
436:. The unison call differed from that of most cranes and some authors suggested that the Siberian crane belonged in the genus
6159:
4195:
1178:
1507:
5765:
2144:"Discovery of breeding grounds of a Siberian Crane Grus leucogeranus flock that winters in Iran, via satellite telemetry"
1555:
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with a tendency to plant matter. In the summer grounds they feed on a range of plants including the roots of hellebore (
6063:
2054:
6211:
5955:
3892:
1594:
Voice breaking and its relation to body mass and testosterone level in the
Siberian Crane (Leucogeranus leucogeranus)
970:
was used to track the migration of a flock that wintered in Iran. They were noted to rest on the eastern end of the
6262:
6094:
2046:
332:. Their populations, particularly those in the western range, have declined drastically in the 20th century due to
6172:
1337:
6107:
6076:
2269:
748:. In their wintering grounds in China, they have been noted to feed to a large extent on the submerged leaves of
611:
678:, the birds stretch their neck forward. The contexts of several calls have been identified and several of these
1708:
1295:
6224:
5898:
59:
6257:
826:
5805:
5800:
3858:
2715:
1802:
1540:
1235:
96:
2497:
1981:
1759:
Guofeng Wu; de Leeuw Jan; Skidmore Andrew K.; Prins
Herbert H. T.; Best Elly P. H.; Yaolin Liu (2009).
1403:
1278:
1091:
5779:
2412:
2402:
2085:
2004:
1261:
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after numerous failed attempts. Males often killed their mates and captive breeding was achieved by
4188:
2738:
2720:
482:
175:
2743:
867:
and among the cranes, makes one of the longest migrations. The eastern population winters on the
808:
387:
5929:
2417:
2207:
30:
6146:
5787:
5727:
3870:
3834:
2710:
2522:
2472:
1231:
880:
683:
599:
458:
417:
5890:
2038:
1864:
5924:
3885:
2547:
1823:
909:
198:
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in 1891. The western population may even have wintered as far west as Egypt along the Nile.
6206:
6050:
6004:
5968:
5950:
5859:
5828:
5792:
3175:
2191:
1890:
1880:
1758:
955:, larger numbers of birds were noted to visit India. They were sought after by hunters and
904:
750:
6009:
1637:"[Sexual and individual differences in the vocal repertoire of adult Siberian Cranes (
1161:
630:
and wetlands and will often forage in deeper water than other cranes. They show very high
8:
4181:
3946:
2705:
2597:
2537:
2482:
2262:
2111:
Provencal, P. & SΓΈrensen, U. G. (1998). "Medieval record of the
Siberian White Crane
2039:"Historical, Sociocultural, and Mythological Aspects of Faunal Conservation in Rajasthan"
1958:
1655:
1068:
956:
506:
372:
337:
44:
2195:
1894:
895:
4122:
3956:
3488:
2552:
2512:
2477:
2175:
Kanai, Y.; Mutsuyuki, U.; Germogenov, N.; Negandran, M.; Mita, N.; Higuchi, H. (2002).
2128:
2021:
1906:
1856:
1783:
1689:
1385:
1318:
1157:
984:
the
Memorandum of Understanding concerning Conservation Measures for the Siberian Crane
804:
655:
498:
413:
376:
322:
302:
238:
215:
91:
2203:
1844:
1567:
539:
6180:
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3511:
2654:
2644:
2587:
2387:
2382:
2322:
2050:
1848:
1615:
1608:
1592:
Klenova, A. V., Goncharova, M. V., Kashentseva, T. A., & Naidenko, S. V. (2020).
1516:
1363:
1188:
679:
675:
559:
392:
1910:
1860:
1787:
1693:
1389:
1209:
1141:
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4787:
4754:
4374:
4142:
4008:
3913:
3878:
3480:
2622:
2294:
2226:
2199:
2155:
2124:
1976:
1937:
1898:
1840:
1775:
1681:
1434:
1375:
1310:
1280:
Catalogue of the
Fulicariae and Alectorides in the collection of the British Museum
1166:(in German). Vol. 2. St. Petersburg: Academie der Wissenschaften. p. 714.
1086:
936:
930:
884:
778:
ground and is usually surrounded by water. Most eggs are laid in the first week of
514:
345:
329:
310:
5815:
2043:
Faunal
Heritage of Rajasthan, India: General Background and Ecology of Vertebrates
1364:"Mitochondrial genome sequences and the phylogeny of cranes (Gruiformes: Gruidae)"
939:
from India suggest a wider winter distribution in the past including records from
844:
6081:
5911:
5750:
5629:
5543:
4680:
3905:
3712:
3540:
3010:
2532:
2517:
2455:
2354:
2282:
2174:
1824:
Ellis, DH; Scott R. Swengel; George W. Archibald & Cameron B. Kepler (1998).
1407:
1137:
987:
876:
800:
716:
695:
was recorded to have lived for nearly 62 years while another lived for 83 years.
635:
571:
518:
360:
6198:
5942:
5903:
736:. They were earlier thought to be predominantly fish eating on the basis of the
6102:
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4017:
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3752:
3704:
3638:
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3519:
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2818:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2542:
2527:
2422:
2397:
2392:
2374:
2255:
1296:"Phylogeny of cranes (Gruiformes: Gruidae) based on cytochrome-b DNA sequences"
1146:. Vol. 2. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 153.
960:
917:
864:
856:
812:
745:
615:
575:
526:
314:
298:
2160:
2143:
1942:
1925:
1902:
1779:
1685:
1210:"Record of two unique observations of the Indian cheetah in Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri"
6241:
5995:
5885:
5489:
5448:
5398:
5343:
5204:
4976:
4845:
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4494:
4072:
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3028:
2986:
2786:
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2700:
2664:
2582:
2506:
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1967:
1257:
1077:
868:
820:
783:
671:
631:
623:
555:
433:
380:
64:
6068:
654:
Siberian cranes are widely dispersed in their breeding areas and are highly
5434:
5371:
5271:
4936:
4704:
4697:
4621:
4451:
4112:
4102:
4063:
3917:
3901:
3846:
3590:
3435:
3251:
3089:
3037:
2909:
2870:
2639:
2627:
2617:
2607:
2304:
1852:
1380:
1113:
952:
926:
922:
658:. They maintain feeding territories in winter but may form small and loose
470:
466:
450:
401:
364:
290:
158:
1581:
The handbook of bird identification: for Europe and the western Palearctic
686:
is very slight and most calls have a dominant frequency of about 1.4
6128:
6019:
5916:
5759:
5598:
5578:
5564:
5496:
5455:
5357:
5350:
5278:
5261:
4966:
4811:
4504:
4391:
4384:
4037:
3651:
3498:
3304:
3283:
3272:
3237:
3104:
3094:
3052:
2943:
2810:
2612:
2437:
2432:
2364:
2349:
2317:
1015:
1007:
971:
872:
803:. Captive breeding was achieved by the International Crane Foundation at
643:
607:
603:
587:
583:
551:
341:
6042:
5851:
6120:
5963:
5877:
5659:
5636:
5619:
5612:
5605:
5550:
5333:
5292:
5221:
5023:
4946:
4868:
4525:
4419:
4262:
4247:
4235:
4205:
4173:
4132:
3909:
3768:
3630:
3569:
3548:
3380:
3364:
3299:
3244:
3216:
3148:
3113:
2991:
2839:
2674:
2649:
2407:
2243:
Online broadcasting of white cranesβ lives from the Oksk hatchery arose
1322:
852:
816:
741:
704:
667:
619:
531:
148:
2247:
976:
Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds
408:, had illustrated a Siberian crane about 100 years earlier. The genus
5666:
5557:
5482:
5364:
5299:
5211:
4895:
4888:
4861:
4854:
4640:
4467:
4398:
4339:
3937:
3728:
3683:
3472:
3265:
3182:
3166:
3155:
3065:
3001:
2960:
2659:
2460:
2447:
2427:
2327:
1021:
1003:
967:
944:
787:
729:
691:
627:
493:
108:
5841:
5721:
1926:"The 'lily of birds': the success story of the Siberian white crane"
1314:
505:
Adults of both sexes have a pure white plumage except for the black
5989:
5744:
5693:
5571:
5510:
5441:
5033:
4913:
4834:
4485:
4223:
3696:
3426:
3401:
3347:
3258:
3230:
3120:
3084:
3076:
3058:
2953:
2938:
2922:
2669:
2632:
2465:
1439:
Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des SΓ©ances de l'AcadΓ©mie des Sciences
796:
737:
709:
663:
659:
595:
579:
444:
and the wattled crane is retained as the sole species in the genus
405:
128:
6133:
432:
coils found in most other cranes but shares this feature with the
6219:
6055:
5864:
5774:
5686:
5503:
5378:
5285:
4555:
4544:
4428:
4241:
3606:
3459:
3338:
3223:
3189:
3127:
2948:
2802:
2794:
2487:
2359:
2344:
2041:. In Sharma, B.K.; Kulshreshtha, Seema; Rahmani, Asad R. (eds.).
1018:
940:
860:
831:
721:
429:
356:
333:
3900:
2242:
1266:. Berlin: Verlag von R Friedlander and Sohn. pp. 1819β1820.
317:
during winter to China, while the western population winters in
225:
5405:
4902:
4217:
4047:
3736:
3675:
3451:
3443:
3372:
3312:
3196:
3134:
3017:
2684:
2679:
2557:
999:
848:
791:
755:
591:
306:
293:. They are distinctive among the cranes: adults are nearly all
118:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1056:
766:
Siberian cranes return to the Arctic tundra around the end of
626:
rivers. Like most cranes, the Siberian crane inhabits shallow
473:
genera, the Siberian crane was moved to the resurrected genus
6193:
5937:
5836:
4229:
3622:
3409:
2972:
948:
767:
639:
543:
510:
294:
81:
75:
2236:
2110:
811:
and the hatching of eggs by other crane species such as the
5475:
5306:
4439:
3598:
2965:
2928:
2898:
2312:
2278:
2037:
Sharma, B.K.; Kulshreshtha, Seema; Sharma, Shailja (2013).
1053:
979:
913:
779:
733:
725:
674:, they often immerse their heads entirely underwater. When
535:
522:
318:
286:
138:
1408:"Flufftails, finfoots, rails, trumpeters, cranes, limpkin"
1361:
1293:
3720:
2577:
2339:
1465:. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions. p. 138.
1460:
879:
in Iran. The central population, which once wintered in
775:
771:
687:
670:, feeding almost all throughout the day. When feeding on
2141:
2036:
1671:
1163:
Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des Russischen Reichs
1545:(2nd ed.). London: Taylor and Francis. p. 53.
1480:. New Delhi: Oxford University Press. pp. 144β146.
1362:
Krajewski, C.; Sipiorski, J.T.; Anderson, F.E. (2010).
1956:
1066:
1478:
Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan. Volume 2
344:
basin in China, a habitat that may be altered by the
5655:
5625:
5394:
5384:
5339:
5322:
5312:
5267:
5237:
5227:
5217:
5200:
5190:
5180:
5170:
5160:
5150:
5140:
5130:
5120:
5110:
5100:
5089:
5079:
5069:
5059:
5049:
5039:
5029:
5012:
5002:
4992:
4982:
4972:
4962:
4952:
4942:
4925:
4822:
4807:
4731:
4720:
4710:
4686:
4656:
4646:
4629:
4606:
4594:
4583:
4572:
4533:
4510:
4500:
4448:
4416:
4371:
4356:
4345:
4335:
4324:
4313:
4303:
4293:
4282:
2227:
International Crane Foundation's Siberian crane page
1475:
574:
of the Siberian crane formerly extended between the
2869:
1463:
The Birds of South Asia. The Ripley Guide. Volume 2
1006:, the white crane is a sacred bird associated with
521:, face and side of head is bare and brick red, the
1982:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22692156A181242855.en
1732:
1607:
1338:"Phenetic relationships within the family Gruidae"
1092:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22692053A134180990.en
899:Map Signatories to Siberian Crane memorandum (MoU)
301:feathers that are visible in flight, and with two
1800:
594:region. The populations declined with changes in
328:Among the cranes, they make the longest distance
6239:
993:
1538:
1283:. London: Taylor and Francis. pp. 261β262.
642:. The eastern populations winter mainly in the
233:Migration routes, breeding and wintering sites
2086:"The reported occurrence of Grus leucogeranus
1706:
1515:. Indiana University Press. pp. 129β139.
1276:
1230:
1207:
4189:
3886:
2263:
2002:
1735:"How long do birds live The passenger pigeon"
1505:
1214:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
774:. The nest is usually on the edge of lake in
530:feathers, which has been hypothesized to aid
461:study published in 2010 found that the genus
2777:
1605:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1435:"Tableaux synoptiques de l'ordre des HΓ©rons"
1240:Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club
1180:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
614:and to the east a much larger population in
481:had been introduced by the French biologist
404:, a 17th-century court artist and singer of
6248:IUCN Red List critically endangered species
2019:
1752:
1634:
1610:The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats
1402:
1263:Die Vogel der parlaarktischen Fauna. Band 3
565:
469:. In the resulting rearrangement to create
416:and this species was included in it, while
351:
4196:
4182:
3893:
3879:
2270:
2256:
2083:
1923:
1596:. Journal of Ornithology, 161(3), 859-871.
890:
390:is derived from the classical Greek words
224:
53:
29:
2159:
1980:
1941:
1826:"A sociogram for the cranes of the world"
1484:
1461:Rasmussen, PC & Anderton, JC (2005).
1432:
1379:
1090:
912:, the highest threatened category by the
819:to simulate the longer daylengths of the
4203:
3934:
2026:. Thacker, Spink and Co. pp. 82β83.
894:
875:in China, and the western population in
830:A Siberian crane family at Poyang Lake,
825:
782:when the tundra is snow free. The usual
649:
492:
355:
2277:
1542:Fauna of British India. Birds. Volume 6
1534:
1532:
1256:
1176:
428:. The Siberian crane lacks the complex
6240:
2094:The Annals of Scottish Natural History
2030:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1170:
1156:
1136:
933:and other water development projects.
538:. The call is very different from the
525:is dark and the legs are pinkish. The
5726:
5725:
4785:
4260:
4177:
3874:
2762:
2251:
1414:. International Ornithologists' Union
1294:Krajewski, C; JW Fetzner Jr. (1994).
6268:Critically endangered fauna of China
6225:EED69393-8F6F-43C2-9A79-8F91059E72E3
6108:711d51bd-986b-4ea3-88a4-f36cc80437eb
3829:
1917:
1599:
1579:Beaman, M., & Madge, S. (2010).
1529:
1476:Ali, S. & Ripley, S. D. (1980).
1335:
1183:. London: Christopher Helm. p.
1010:, spring and kind celestial spirits
662:, and gather closer at their winter
3853:
1968:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1817:
1469:
1449:
1396:
1078:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
851:; the western population along the
13:
4162:15 living species in four genera (
2237:Siberian Crane Flyway Coordination
2129:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1998.tb04399.x
1433:Bonaparte, Charles Lucien (1855).
799:and sometimes dogs that accompany
690:. The unison calls, duets between
14:
6279:
2731:Late Quaternary prehistoric birds
2220:
2006:The natural history of the cranes
744:to aid in crushing food in their
336:along their migration routes and
3852:
3840:
3828:
3817:
3816:
3707:(New World vultures and condors)
1883:Contemporary Problems of Ecology
1143:Check-list of Birds of the World
847:regions in the arctic tundra of
95:
2168:
2148:Bird Conservation International
2135:
2104:
2077:
2013:
2009:. R. H. Porter. pp. 38β44.
1996:
1957:BirdLife International (2020).
1950:
1874:
1794:
1726:
1700:
1665:
1654:(12): 1468β1481. Archived from
1628:
1586:
1573:
1561:
1549:
1426:
1406:; Donsker, David, eds. (2019).
1355:
1329:
1287:
1067:BirdLife International (2018).
1034:
598:, the draining of wetlands for
4261:
2763:
1270:
1250:
1224:
1201:
1150:
1130:
1106:
758:and bird's eggs in captivity.
720:as well as small rodents like
488:
448:and placed as a sister to the
38:A captive individual in a zoo
1:
2204:10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00259-2
2023:How to know the Indian waders
1845:10.1016/S0376-6357(98)00008-4
1047:
1024:transform into white cranes.
994:Significance in human culture
546:-like high pitched whistling
1635:Bragina EV, Beme IR (2007).
982:) applies and is subject of
838:
420:suggested a separation from
7:
3771:(woodpeckers and relatives)
1733:Temple, Stanley A. (1990).
1412:World Bird List Version 9.2
843:This species breeds in two
761:
412:was used for the cranes by
289:of the family Gruidae, the
10:
6284:
3633:(cormorants and relatives)
2726:Extinct species since 1500
2232:BirdLife Species Factsheet
1801:Quinton W. H. St. (1921).
1709:"Siberian Crane longevity"
1277:Bowdler Sharpe, R (1894).
1177:Jobling, James A. (2010).
698:
313:. The eastern populations
5979:
5969:Leucogeranus-leucogeranus
5829:leucogeranus-leucogeranus
5766:Leucogeranus leucogeranus
5736:Leucogeranus leucogeranus
5734:
5676:
5646:
5588:
5533:
5524:
5465:
5424:
5415:
5251:
4921:
4912:
4878:
4844:
4821:
4798:
4794:
4786:
4781:
4753:
4670:
4620:
4563:
4554:
4524:
4484:
4447:
4438:
4415:
4370:
4273:
4269:
4256:
4212:
4160:
4061:
4006:
3983:
3974:
3925:
3812:
3763:(kingfishers and rollers)
3695:
3650:
3617:(albatrosses and petrels)
3589:
3560:
3531:
3510:
3501:(swifts and hummingbirds)
3483:(nightjars and relatives)
3471:
3434:
3425:
3392:
3355:
3346:
3337:
3333:
3307:(pheasants and relatives)
3282:
3206:
3165:
3103:
3075:
3051:
3027:
3000:
2921:
2908:
2865:
2838:
2834:
2773:
2769:
2758:
2754:
2693:
2596:
2496:
2446:
2373:
2303:
2290:
2161:10.1017/S0959270902002204
2070:Leucogeranus leucogeranus
1975:: e.T22692156A181242855.
1943:10.1017/S0030605300020421
1903:10.1134/S1995425510010145
1803:"The White Asiatic crane"
1780:10.1007/s10750-008-9659-7
1686:10.1007/s10211-010-0073-6
1614:. Guinness Superlatives.
1236:"[Meeting notes]"
1085:: e.T22692053A134180990.
1071:Leucogeranus leucogeranus
297:, except for their black
274:Leucogeranus leucogeranus
253:Sarcogeranus Ieucogeranus
244:
237:
232:
223:
208:Leucogeranus leucogeranus
204:
197:
92:Scientific classification
90:
73:
51:
42:
37:
28:
23:
3662:(seriemas and relatives)
3641:(pelicans and relatives)
2090:, in the Outer Hebrides"
1807:The Avicultural Magazine
1539:Baker, E. C. S. (1929).
1027:
947:and even as far east as
863:. It is a long distance
742:swallow pebbles and grit
566:Distribution and habitat
542:of most cranes and is a
483:Charles Lucien Bonaparte
352:Taxonomy and systematics
6263:Birds described in 1773
3755:(hornbills and hoopoes)
3670:(falcons and relatives)
2184:Biological Conservation
1707:Davis, Malcolm (1969).
1208:Divyabhanusinh (1987).
1022:shamans and shamanesses
891:Status and conservation
809:artificial insemination
786:is two eggs, which are
590:rivers and east to the
465:, as then defined, was
371:The Siberian crane was
363:of a Siberian crane by
3739:(trogons and quetzals)
3551:(cranes and relatives)
2821:(emus and cassowaries)
2711:Glossary of bird terms
2523:Confuciusornithiformes
2003:Blyth, Edward (1881).
1506:Johnsgard, P. (1983).
1381:10.1525/auk.2009.09045
929:changes caused by the
900:
881:Keoladeo National Park
835:
600:agricultural expansion
502:
459:molecular phylogenetic
418:Richard Bowdler Sharpe
379:in 1773 and given the
368:
248:Bugeranus leucogeranus
5925:Paleobiology Database
3580:(kagu and sunbittern)
3543:(gulls and relatives)
2548:Songlingornithiformes
2513:Omnivoropterygiformes
1833:Behavioural Processes
1606:Wood, Gerald (1983).
910:critically endangered
898:
829:
650:Behaviour and ecology
496:
359:
277:), also known as the
60:Critically Endangered
6103:Fauna Europaea (new)
3402:Phoenicopteriformes
2020:Finn, Frank (1906).
1648:ZoologiΔeskij ΕΎurnal
1114:"Appendices | CITES"
986:concluded under the
751:Vallisneria spiralis
684:Individual variation
672:submerged vegetation
303:breeding populations
279:Siberian white crane
190:L. leucogeranus
6258:Birds of North Asia
4105:or Eurasian crane (
3947:Black crowned crane
3373:Mesitornithiformes
3367:(doves and pigeons)
2701:Families and orders
2563:Ichthyornithiformes
2538:Patagopterygiformes
2196:2002BCons.106..339K
2084:Clarke, WE (1892).
1924:Stewart JM (2009).
1895:2010CPrEc...3...86B
1742:Current Ornithology
1509:Cranes of the World
1158:Pallas, Peter Simon
957:specimen collectors
905:conservation status
424:and used the genus
361:Mughal era painting
338:habitat degradation
45:Conservation status
4123:Black-necked crane
3957:Grey crowned crane
3715:(eagles and hawks)
3615:Procellariiformes
3520:Opisthocomiformes
3489:Steatornithiformes
2716:List by population
2553:Hongshanornithidae
2478:Evolution of birds
1336:Wood, D S (1979).
937:Historical records
901:
836:
503:
499:Oka Nature Reserve
414:George Robert Gray
377:Peter Simon Pallas
373:formally described
369:
321:and (formerly) in
6235:
6234:
6181:Open Tree of Life
6010:Grus_leucogeranus
5981:Grus leucogeranus
5728:Taxon identifiers
5719:
5718:
5715:
5714:
5711:
5710:
5707:
5706:
5703:
5702:
5520:
5519:
4777:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4749:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4171:
4170:
4156:
4155:
4083:Red-crowned crane
4028:White-naped crane
3970:
3969:
3868:
3867:
3808:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3601:(loons or divers)
3570:Phaethontiformes
3562:Phaethontimorphae
3512:Opisthocomiformes
3481:Caprimulgiformes
3421:
3420:
3410:Podicipediformes
3329:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3047:
3046:
2830:
2829:
2787:Struthioniformes
2655:Waterfowl hunting
2588:Gastornithiformes
2583:Aepyornithiformes
2573:Lithornithiformes
2113:Grus leucogeranus
1639:Grus leucogeranus
1621:978-0-85112-235-9
1556:Grus leucogeranus
1522:978-0-253-11255-2
1232:Bowdler Sharpe, R
1194:978-1-4081-2501-4
1138:Peters, James Lee
770:and beginning of
703:These cranes are
560:red-crowned crane
384:Grus leucogeranus
265:
264:
258:Grus leucogeranus
179:
85:
68:
6275:
6228:
6227:
6215:
6214:
6202:
6201:
6189:
6188:
6176:
6175:
6163:
6162:
6150:
6149:
6137:
6136:
6124:
6123:
6111:
6110:
6098:
6097:
6085:
6084:
6072:
6071:
6059:
6058:
6046:
6045:
6036:
6035:
6023:
6022:
6013:
6012:
6000:
5999:
5998:
5972:
5971:
5959:
5958:
5946:
5945:
5933:
5932:
5920:
5919:
5907:
5906:
5904:NHMSYS0021270761
5894:
5893:
5881:
5880:
5868:
5867:
5855:
5854:
5845:
5844:
5832:
5831:
5819:
5818:
5809:
5808:
5796:
5795:
5783:
5782:
5780:77845DAD1C49E8F1
5770:
5769:
5768:
5755:
5754:
5753:
5723:
5722:
5657:
5627:
5531:
5530:
5422:
5421:
5396:
5386:
5341:
5324:
5314:
5269:
5239:
5229:
5219:
5202:
5192:
5182:
5172:
5162:
5152:
5142:
5132:
5122:
5112:
5102:
5091:
5081:
5071:
5061:
5051:
5041:
5031:
5014:
5004:
4994:
4984:
4974:
4964:
4954:
4944:
4927:
4919:
4918:
4824:
4809:
4796:
4795:
4783:
4782:
4733:
4722:
4712:
4688:
4658:
4648:
4631:
4608:
4596:
4585:
4574:
4561:
4560:
4535:
4512:
4502:
4450:
4445:
4444:
4418:
4375:Messelornithidae
4373:
4358:
4347:
4337:
4326:
4315:
4305:
4295:
4284:
4271:
4270:
4258:
4257:
4198:
4191:
4184:
4175:
4174:
4143:Demoiselle crane
3981:
3980:
3977:(typical cranes)
3932:
3931:
3928:(crowned cranes)
3895:
3888:
3881:
3872:
3871:
3856:
3855:
3844:
3832:
3831:
3820:
3819:
3772:
3764:
3756:
3748:
3745:Leptosomiformes
3740:
3732:
3724:
3716:
3713:Accipitriformes
3708:
3687:
3686:(perching birds)
3679:
3671:
3663:
3642:
3634:
3626:
3618:
3610:
3607:Sphenisciformes
3602:
3581:
3573:
3552:
3544:
3541:Charadriiformes
3523:
3502:
3484:
3463:
3455:
3452:Musophagiformes
3447:
3432:
3431:
3413:
3405:
3384:
3376:
3368:
3353:
3352:
3344:
3343:
3335:
3334:
3308:
3295:
3073:
3072:
3069:
3062:
2975:
2968:
2932:
2919:
2918:
2915:
2906:
2905:
2902:
2867:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2836:
2835:
2822:
2814:
2806:
2798:
2790:
2775:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2623:Bird collections
2578:Dinornithiformes
2483:Darwin's finches
2473:Origin of flight
2413:Seabird breeding
2403:Sexual selection
2272:
2265:
2258:
2249:
2248:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2206:. Archived from
2181:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2065:
2063:
2034:
2028:
2027:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1984:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1863:. Archived from
1830:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1798:
1792:
1791:
1765:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1739:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1713:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1645:
1641:, Gruidae)]"
1632:
1626:
1625:
1613:
1603:
1597:
1590:
1584:
1583:. A&C Black.
1577:
1571:
1565:
1559:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1536:
1527:
1526:
1514:
1503:
1482:
1481:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1458:
1447:
1446:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1383:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1342:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1300:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1094:
1064:
1041:
1038:
931:Three Gorges Dam
883:, Bharatpur, is
801:reindeer herders
666:. They are very
396:for "white" and
388:specific epithet
346:Three Gorges Dam
228:
210:
174:
100:
99:
79:
62:
57:
56:
33:
21:
20:
6283:
6282:
6278:
6277:
6276:
6274:
6273:
6272:
6238:
6237:
6236:
6231:
6223:
6218:
6210:
6205:
6197:
6192:
6184:
6179:
6171:
6166:
6158:
6153:
6145:
6140:
6132:
6127:
6119:
6114:
6106:
6101:
6093:
6088:
6080:
6075:
6067:
6062:
6054:
6049:
6041:
6039:
6031:
6026:
6018:
6016:
6008:
6003:
5994:
5993:
5988:
5975:
5967:
5962:
5954:
5949:
5941:
5936:
5928:
5923:
5915:
5912:Observation.org
5910:
5902:
5897:
5889:
5884:
5876:
5871:
5863:
5858:
5850:
5848:
5840:
5835:
5827:
5822:
5814:
5812:
5804:
5799:
5791:
5786:
5778:
5773:
5764:
5763:
5758:
5749:
5748:
5743:
5730:
5720:
5699:
5672:
5642:
5584:
5544:Aenigmatolimnas
5535:Himantornithini
5516:
5461:
5411:
5389:Miohypotaenidia
5247:
5135:Paraortygometra
4908:
4874:
4840:
4817:
4790:
4769:
4741:
4666:
4616:
4550:
4520:
4480:
4434:
4411:
4366:
4265:
4252:
4208:
4202:
4172:
4167:
4164:List of species
4152:
4057:
4002:
3997:L. leucogeranus
3976:
3966:
3935:
3927:
3921:
3899:
3869:
3864:
3776:
3770:
3762:
3754:
3753:Bucerotiformes
3747:(cuckoo-roller)
3746:
3738:
3730:
3722:
3714:
3706:
3705:Cathartiformes
3691:
3685:
3677:
3676:Psittaciformes
3669:
3661:
3646:
3640:
3639:Pelecaniformes
3632:
3624:
3616:
3608:
3600:
3585:
3579:
3578:Eurypygiformes
3571:
3556:
3550:
3542:
3527:
3521:
3506:
3500:
3482:
3467:
3461:
3453:
3445:
3417:
3411:
3403:
3388:
3382:
3381:Pterocliformes
3374:
3366:
3317:
3306:
3293:
3278:
3202:
3161:
3099:
3064:
3063:
3056:
3055:
3043:
3023:
2996:
2973:
2966:
2926:
2925:
2913:
2912:
2896:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2841:
2826:
2820:
2819:Casuariiformes
2812:
2811:Apterygiformes
2804:
2796:
2788:
2765:
2750:
2721:Lists by region
2689:
2599:
2592:
2533:Chaoyangiformes
2518:Jeholornithidae
2492:
2456:Origin of birds
2442:
2423:Brood parasites
2369:
2299:
2286:
2276:
2223:
2218:
2210:
2179:
2173:
2169:
2140:
2136:
2109:
2105:
2082:
2078:
2068:Siberian Crane
2061:
2059:
2057:
2049:. p. 201.
2035:
2031:
2018:
2014:
2001:
1997:
1987:
1985:
1955:
1951:
1922:
1918:
1879:
1875:
1867:
1828:
1822:
1818:
1799:
1795:
1763:
1757:
1753:
1737:
1731:
1727:
1711:
1705:
1701:
1674:Acta Ethologica
1670:
1666:
1658:
1643:
1633:
1629:
1622:
1604:
1600:
1591:
1587:
1578:
1574:
1568:Grue de SibΓ©rie
1566:
1562:
1554:
1550:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1512:
1504:
1485:
1474:
1470:
1459:
1450:
1431:
1427:
1417:
1415:
1401:
1397:
1360:
1356:
1345:Wilson Bulletin
1340:
1334:
1330:
1315:10.2307/4088599
1298:
1292:
1288:
1275:
1271:
1255:
1251:
1229:
1225:
1206:
1202:
1195:
1175:
1171:
1155:
1151:
1135:
1131:
1122:
1120:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1097:
1095:
1065:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1030:
996:
988:Bonn Convention
893:
877:Fereydoon Kenar
841:
764:
717:Empetrum nigrum
701:
652:
646:area in China.
568:
491:
400:for a "crane".
354:
309:of western and
219:
212:
206:
193:
173:
94:
86:
69:
58:
54:
47:
24:Siberian crane
17:
16:Species of bird
12:
11:
5:
6281:
6271:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6233:
6232:
6230:
6229:
6216:
6203:
6190:
6177:
6164:
6151:
6138:
6125:
6112:
6099:
6090:Fauna Europaea
6086:
6073:
6060:
6047:
6037:
6024:
6014:
6001:
5985:
5983:
5977:
5976:
5974:
5973:
5960:
5947:
5934:
5921:
5908:
5895:
5882:
5869:
5856:
5846:
5833:
5820:
5810:
5797:
5784:
5771:
5756:
5740:
5738:
5732:
5731:
5717:
5716:
5713:
5712:
5709:
5708:
5705:
5704:
5701:
5700:
5698:
5697:
5690:
5682:
5680:
5674:
5673:
5671:
5670:
5663:
5652:
5650:
5644:
5643:
5641:
5640:
5633:
5623:
5616:
5609:
5602:
5594:
5592:
5586:
5585:
5583:
5582:
5575:
5568:
5561:
5554:
5547:
5539:
5537:
5528:
5526:Porphyrioninae
5522:
5521:
5518:
5517:
5515:
5514:
5507:
5500:
5493:
5486:
5479:
5471:
5469:
5463:
5462:
5460:
5459:
5452:
5445:
5438:
5430:
5428:
5419:
5413:
5412:
5410:
5409:
5402:
5392:
5382:
5375:
5368:
5361:
5354:
5347:
5337:
5330:
5327:Diaphorapteryx
5320:
5310:
5303:
5296:
5289:
5282:
5275:
5265:
5257:
5255:
5249:
5248:
5246:
5245:
5235:
5225:
5215:
5208:
5198:
5188:
5178:
5168:
5158:
5148:
5138:
5128:
5118:
5115:Palaeoaramides
5108:
5098:
5087:
5077:
5067:
5057:
5047:
5037:
5027:
5020:
5017:Fulicaletornis
5010:
5000:
4990:
4980:
4970:
4960:
4950:
4940:
4933:
4922:
4916:
4910:
4909:
4907:
4906:
4899:
4892:
4884:
4882:
4880:Heliornithidae
4876:
4875:
4873:
4872:
4865:
4858:
4850:
4848:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4838:
4830:
4828:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4815:
4804:
4802:
4800:incertae sedis
4792:
4791:
4779:
4778:
4775:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4766:
4765:
4759:
4757:
4751:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4739:
4729:
4718:
4708:
4701:
4694:
4684:
4676:
4674:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4664:
4654:
4644:
4637:
4626:
4624:
4618:
4617:
4615:
4614:
4604:
4592:
4581:
4569:
4567:
4565:incertae sedis
4558:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4541:
4538:Archaeopsophia
4530:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4518:
4508:
4498:
4490:
4488:
4482:
4481:
4479:
4478:
4471:
4464:
4456:
4454:
4442:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4432:
4424:
4422:
4413:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4402:
4395:
4388:
4380:
4378:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4354:
4343:
4333:
4322:
4311:
4301:
4291:
4279:
4277:
4275:incertae sedis
4267:
4266:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4244:
4238:
4232:
4226:
4220:
4213:
4210:
4209:
4201:
4200:
4193:
4186:
4178:
4169:
4168:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4140:
4130:
4127:G. nigricollis
4120:
4110:
4100:
4093:Whooping crane
4090:
4080:
4077:G. carunculata
4069:
4067:
4059:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4045:
4035:
4025:
4018:Sandhill crane
4014:
4012:
4004:
4003:
4001:
4000:
3993:Siberian crane
3989:
3987:
3978:
3972:
3971:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3964:
3954:
3943:
3941:
3929:
3923:
3922:
3898:
3897:
3890:
3883:
3875:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3850:
3838:
3826:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3786:
3785:
3782:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3774:
3766:
3761:Coraciiformes
3758:
3750:
3742:
3737:Trogoniformes
3734:
3726:
3718:
3710:
3701:
3699:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3689:
3684:Passeriformes
3681:
3673:
3668:Falconiformes
3665:
3660:Cariamiformes
3656:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3644:
3636:
3628:
3623:Ciconiiformes
3620:
3612:
3604:
3595:
3593:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3575:
3566:
3564:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3554:
3546:
3537:
3535:
3533:Cursorimorphae
3529:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3516:
3514:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3477:
3475:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3465:
3457:
3449:
3440:
3438:
3429:
3423:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3407:
3398:
3396:
3394:Mirandornithes
3390:
3389:
3387:
3386:
3378:
3370:
3365:Columbiformes
3361:
3359:
3357:Columbimorphae
3350:
3341:
3331:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3310:
3302:
3297:
3292:Meleagridinae
3288:
3286:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3227:
3220:
3212:
3210:
3208:Odontophoridae
3204:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3193:
3186:
3179:
3171:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3117:
3109:
3107:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3081:
3079:
3070:
3049:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3041:
3033:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3014:
3006:
3004:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2989:
2987:Stictonettinae
2984:
2982:Dendrocygninae
2979:
2978:
2977:
2970:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2935:
2933:
2916:
2903:
2860:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2816:
2808:
2800:
2792:
2783:
2781:
2767:
2766:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2741:
2735:Notable birds
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2697:
2695:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2685:Egg collecting
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2636:
2635:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2604:
2602:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2568:Hesperornithes
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2543:Ambiortiformes
2540:
2535:
2530:
2528:Enantiornithes
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2502:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2469:
2468:
2463:
2452:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2379:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2320:
2315:
2309:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2275:
2274:
2267:
2260:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2234:
2229:
2222:
2221:External links
2219:
2217:
2216:
2213:on 2011-07-22.
2190:(3): 339β346.
2167:
2154:(4): 327β333.
2134:
2123:(2): 333β335.
2103:
2076:
2056:978-1461407997
2055:
2029:
2012:
1995:
1961:Grus americana
1949:
1916:
1873:
1870:on 2011-07-22.
1839:(2): 125β151.
1816:
1793:
1751:
1725:
1699:
1664:
1661:on 2011-09-01.
1650:(in Russian).
1627:
1620:
1598:
1585:
1572:
1560:
1548:
1528:
1521:
1483:
1468:
1448:
1425:
1395:
1374:(2): 440β452.
1354:
1328:
1309:(2): 351β365.
1286:
1269:
1249:
1223:
1200:
1193:
1169:
1149:
1140:, ed. (1934).
1129:
1105:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1026:
995:
992:
961:Outer Hebrides
918:whooping crane
892:
889:
859:, and western
840:
837:
763:
760:
700:
697:
651:
648:
567:
564:
490:
487:
353:
350:
311:eastern Russia
305:in the Arctic
269:Siberian crane
263:
262:
261:
260:
255:
250:
242:
241:
235:
234:
230:
229:
221:
220:
213:
202:
201:
195:
194:
187:
185:
181:
180:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
88:
87:
74:
71:
70:
52:
49:
48:
43:
40:
39:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6280:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6245:
6243:
6226:
6221:
6217:
6213:
6208:
6204:
6200:
6195:
6191:
6187:
6182:
6178:
6174:
6169:
6165:
6161:
6156:
6152:
6148:
6143:
6139:
6135:
6130:
6126:
6122:
6117:
6113:
6109:
6104:
6100:
6096:
6091:
6087:
6083:
6078:
6074:
6070:
6065:
6061:
6057:
6052:
6048:
6044:
6038:
6034:
6029:
6025:
6021:
6015:
6011:
6006:
6002:
5997:
5991:
5987:
5986:
5984:
5982:
5978:
5970:
5965:
5961:
5957:
5952:
5948:
5944:
5939:
5935:
5931:
5926:
5922:
5918:
5913:
5909:
5905:
5900:
5896:
5892:
5887:
5883:
5879:
5874:
5870:
5866:
5861:
5857:
5853:
5847:
5843:
5838:
5834:
5830:
5825:
5821:
5817:
5811:
5807:
5802:
5798:
5794:
5789:
5785:
5781:
5776:
5772:
5767:
5761:
5757:
5752:
5746:
5742:
5741:
5739:
5737:
5733:
5729:
5724:
5696:
5695:
5691:
5689:
5688:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5679:
5675:
5669:
5668:
5664:
5662:
5661:
5654:
5653:
5651:
5649:
5648:Porphyrionini
5645:
5639:
5638:
5634:
5632:
5631:
5624:
5622:
5621:
5617:
5615:
5614:
5610:
5608:
5607:
5603:
5601:
5600:
5596:
5595:
5593:
5591:
5587:
5581:
5580:
5576:
5574:
5573:
5569:
5567:
5566:
5562:
5560:
5559:
5555:
5553:
5552:
5548:
5546:
5545:
5541:
5540:
5538:
5536:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5523:
5513:
5512:
5508:
5506:
5505:
5501:
5499:
5498:
5494:
5492:
5491:
5490:Paragallinula
5487:
5485:
5484:
5480:
5478:
5477:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5468:
5464:
5458:
5457:
5453:
5451:
5450:
5449:Mustelirallus
5446:
5444:
5443:
5439:
5437:
5436:
5432:
5431:
5429:
5427:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5414:
5408:
5407:
5403:
5401:
5400:
5399:Pleistorallus
5393:
5391:
5390:
5383:
5381:
5380:
5376:
5374:
5373:
5369:
5367:
5366:
5362:
5360:
5359:
5355:
5353:
5352:
5348:
5346:
5345:
5344:Erythromachus
5338:
5336:
5335:
5331:
5329:
5328:
5321:
5319:
5318:
5311:
5309:
5308:
5304:
5302:
5301:
5297:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5288:
5287:
5283:
5281:
5280:
5276:
5274:
5273:
5266:
5264:
5263:
5259:
5258:
5256:
5254:
5250:
5244:
5243:
5236:
5234:
5233:
5226:
5224:
5223:
5216:
5214:
5213:
5209:
5207:
5206:
5205:Rhenanorallus
5199:
5197:
5196:
5189:
5187:
5186:
5179:
5177:
5176:
5169:
5167:
5166:
5159:
5157:
5156:
5149:
5147:
5146:
5139:
5137:
5136:
5129:
5127:
5126:
5119:
5117:
5116:
5109:
5107:
5106:
5099:
5096:
5095:
5088:
5086:
5085:
5078:
5076:
5075:
5068:
5066:
5065:
5058:
5056:
5055:
5048:
5046:
5045:
5038:
5036:
5035:
5028:
5026:
5025:
5021:
5019:
5018:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5001:
4999:
4998:
4991:
4989:
4988:
4981:
4979:
4978:
4977:Capellirallus
4971:
4969:
4968:
4961:
4959:
4958:
4951:
4949:
4948:
4941:
4939:
4938:
4934:
4932:
4931:
4924:
4923:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4911:
4905:
4904:
4900:
4898:
4897:
4893:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4881:
4877:
4871:
4870:
4866:
4864:
4863:
4859:
4857:
4856:
4852:
4851:
4849:
4847:
4846:Sarothruridae
4843:
4837:
4836:
4832:
4831:
4829:
4827:
4826:Aptornithidae
4820:
4814:
4813:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4789:
4784:
4780:
4763:
4762:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4756:
4752:
4738:
4737:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4719:
4717:
4716:
4709:
4707:
4706:
4702:
4700:
4699:
4695:
4693:
4692:
4685:
4683:
4682:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4673:
4669:
4663:
4662:
4655:
4653:
4652:
4645:
4643:
4642:
4638:
4636:
4635:
4628:
4627:
4625:
4623:
4619:
4613:
4612:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4593:
4590:
4589:
4588:Palaeogeranos
4582:
4579:
4578:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4566:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4547:
4546:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4527:
4523:
4517:
4516:
4509:
4507:
4506:
4499:
4497:
4496:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4487:
4483:
4477:
4476:
4472:
4470:
4469:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4437:
4431:
4430:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4421:
4414:
4408:
4407:
4403:
4401:
4400:
4396:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4387:
4386:
4382:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4369:
4363:
4362:
4355:
4352:
4351:
4350:Megagallinula
4344:
4342:
4341:
4334:
4331:
4330:
4323:
4320:
4319:
4312:
4310:
4309:
4302:
4300:
4299:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4276:
4272:
4268:
4264:
4259:
4255:
4249:
4245:
4243:
4239:
4237:
4233:
4231:
4227:
4225:
4221:
4219:
4215:
4214:
4211:
4207:
4199:
4194:
4192:
4187:
4185:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4165:
4159:
4148:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4134:
4131:
4128:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4114:
4111:
4108:
4104:
4101:
4098:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4087:G. japonensis
4084:
4081:
4078:
4074:
4073:Wattled crane
4071:
4070:
4068:
4066:
4065:
4060:
4053:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4029:
4026:
4023:
4022:A. canadensis
4019:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4005:
3998:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3979:
3973:
3962:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3933:
3930:
3924:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3896:
3891:
3889:
3884:
3882:
3877:
3876:
3873:
3861:
3860:
3851:
3849:
3848:
3843:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3827:
3825:
3824:
3815:
3814:
3811:
3773:
3767:
3765:
3759:
3757:
3751:
3749:
3743:
3741:
3735:
3733:
3727:
3725:
3721:Strigiformes
3719:
3717:
3711:
3709:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3688:
3682:
3680:
3674:
3672:
3666:
3664:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3653:
3649:
3643:
3637:
3635:
3629:
3627:
3621:
3619:
3613:
3611:
3605:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3582:
3576:
3574:
3572:(tropicbirds)
3568:
3567:
3565:
3563:
3559:
3553:
3547:
3545:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3534:
3530:
3524:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3513:
3509:
3503:
3497:
3495:
3494:Podargiformes
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3470:
3464:
3458:
3456:
3450:
3448:
3444:Cuculiformes
3442:
3441:
3439:
3437:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3414:
3408:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3391:
3385:
3379:
3377:
3371:
3369:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3285:
3281:
3275:
3274:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3240:
3239:
3235:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3142:Macrocephalon
3139:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3060:
3054:
3050:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3029:Anseranatidae
3026:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3008:
3007:
3005:
3003:
2999:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2976:
2971:
2969:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2924:
2920:
2917:
2911:
2907:
2904:
2900:
2894:
2868:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2837:
2833:
2823:
2817:
2815:
2809:
2807:
2803:Tinamiformes
2801:
2799:
2793:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2779:Palaeognathae
2776:
2772:
2768:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2665:Pigeon racing
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2595:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2507:Archaeopteryx
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2467:
2464:
2462:
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2401:
2399:
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2389:
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2380:
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2372:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
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2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2289:
2284:
2280:
2273:
2268:
2266:
2261:
2259:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2162:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2138:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2107:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2080:
2073:
2071:
2058:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2033:
2025:
2024:
2016:
2008:
2007:
1999:
1983:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1962:
1953:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1877:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1827:
1820:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1797:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1768:Hydrobiologia
1762:
1755:
1747:
1743:
1736:
1729:
1721:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1695:
1691:
1687:
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1679:
1675:
1668:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1640:
1631:
1623:
1617:
1612:
1611:
1602:
1595:
1589:
1582:
1576:
1570:. oiseaux.net
1569:
1564:
1557:
1552:
1544:
1543:
1535:
1533:
1524:
1518:
1511:
1510:
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1496:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1479:
1472:
1464:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1444:
1441:(in French).
1440:
1436:
1429:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1399:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1358:
1351:(3): 384β399.
1350:
1346:
1339:
1332:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1297:
1290:
1282:
1281:
1273:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1220:(2): 269β274.
1219:
1215:
1211:
1204:
1196:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1173:
1165:
1164:
1159:
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1139:
1133:
1119:
1115:
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1093:
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964:
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950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
932:
928:
924:
919:
915:
911:
906:
897:
888:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
869:Yangtze River
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
833:
828:
824:
822:
821:Arctic summer
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
759:
757:
753:
752:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
718:
713:
711:
706:
696:
693:
689:
685:
681:
680:vary with sex
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
647:
645:
641:
637:
633:
632:site fidelity
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
582:south to the
581:
577:
573:
572:breeding area
563:
561:
557:
556:wattled crane
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
500:
497:Juveniles at
495:
486:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
455:
453:
452:
447:
443:
439:
435:
434:wattled crane
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
394:
389:
385:
382:
381:binomial name
378:
374:
366:
362:
358:
349:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
275:
270:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
245:
243:
240:
236:
231:
227:
222:
217:
211:
209:
203:
200:
199:Binomial name
196:
192:
191:
186:
183:
182:
177:
172:
171:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
153:
150:
147:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
133:
130:
127:
124:
123:
120:
117:
114:
113:
110:
107:
104:
103:
98:
93:
89:
83:
77:
72:
66:
61:
50:
46:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
5980:
5735:
5692:
5685:
5665:
5658:
5635:
5628:
5618:
5611:
5604:
5597:
5577:
5570:
5563:
5556:
5549:
5542:
5509:
5502:
5495:
5488:
5481:
5474:
5454:
5447:
5440:
5435:Amaurolimnas
5433:
5426:Pardirallini
5417:Gallinulinae
5404:
5397:
5387:
5377:
5372:Hypotaenidia
5370:
5363:
5356:
5349:
5342:
5332:
5325:
5315:
5305:
5298:
5291:
5284:
5277:
5272:Aphanapteryx
5270:
5260:
5240:
5230:
5220:
5210:
5203:
5193:
5185:Quercyrallus
5183:
5173:
5165:Pastushkinia
5163:
5153:
5143:
5133:
5125:Palaeorallus
5123:
5113:
5105:Nesophalaris
5103:
5092:
5082:
5072:
5062:
5052:
5042:
5032:
5022:
5015:
5005:
4995:
4985:
4975:
4965:
4955:
4945:
4937:Aptenorallus
4935:
4928:
4901:
4894:
4887:
4867:
4860:
4853:
4833:
4810:
4799:
4734:
4723:
4713:
4705:Leucogeranus
4703:
4696:
4689:
4679:
4659:
4649:
4639:
4632:
4622:Balearicinae
4609:
4600:Probalearica
4598:
4586:
4575:
4564:
4543:
4536:
4513:
4503:
4493:
4473:
4466:
4459:
4452:Parvigruidae
4427:
4406:Walbeckornis
4404:
4397:
4390:
4383:
4359:
4348:
4338:
4327:
4316:
4308:Bumbaniralla
4306:
4296:
4285:
4274:
4234:Infraclass:
4146:
4137:G. paradisea
4136:
4126:
4116:
4113:Hooded crane
4106:
4103:Common crane
4097:G. americana
4096:
4086:
4076:
4062:
4052:A. rubicunda
4051:
4041:
4031:
4021:
4007:
3996:
3992:
3985:Leucogeranus
3984:
3961:B. regulorum
3960:
3950:
3936:
3926:Balearicinae
3857:
3845:
3833:
3821:
3731:(mousebirds)
3729:Coliiformes
3599:Gaviiformes
3591:Aequornithes
3499:Apodiformes
3460:Otidiformes
3436:Otidimorphae
3383:(sandgrouse)
3305:Phasianinae
3271:
3264:
3257:
3252:Odontophorus
3250:
3243:
3236:
3229:
3222:
3215:
3195:
3188:
3181:
3174:
3154:
3147:
3140:
3133:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3090:Oreophasinae
3036:
3016:
3009:
2914:(waterfowls)
2910:Anseriformes
2660:Cockfighting
2645:Conservation
2640:Bird feeding
2628:Birdwatching
2618:Ornithomancy
2558:Gansuiformes
2505:
2498:Fossil birds
2388:Intelligence
2208:the original
2187:
2183:
2170:
2151:
2147:
2137:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2106:
2097:
2093:
2087:
2079:
2069:
2067:
2060:. Retrieved
2042:
2032:
2022:
2015:
2005:
1998:
1986:. Retrieved
1972:
1966:
1960:
1952:
1933:
1929:
1919:
1889:(1): 86β89.
1886:
1882:
1876:
1865:the original
1836:
1832:
1819:
1810:
1806:
1796:
1771:
1767:
1754:
1745:
1741:
1728:
1719:
1715:
1702:
1680:(1): 39β48.
1677:
1673:
1667:
1656:the original
1651:
1647:
1638:
1630:
1609:
1601:
1593:
1588:
1580:
1575:
1563:
1551:
1541:
1508:
1477:
1471:
1462:
1442:
1438:
1428:
1416:. Retrieved
1411:
1398:
1371:
1367:
1357:
1348:
1344:
1331:
1306:
1302:
1289:
1279:
1272:
1262:
1252:
1243:
1239:
1226:
1217:
1213:
1203:
1179:
1172:
1162:
1152:
1142:
1132:
1121:. Retrieved
1117:
1108:
1096:. Retrieved
1082:
1076:
1070:
1036:
1011:
997:
975:
965:
953:19th century
935:
927:hydrological
902:
842:
765:
749:
715:
714:), seeds of
708:
702:
653:
638:and east to
618:between the
604:river basins
569:
547:
513:and primary
504:
479:Leucogeranus
478:
477:. The genus
475:Leucogeranus
474:
471:monophyletic
467:polyphyletic
462:
456:
451:Anthropoides
449:
445:
437:
426:Sarcogeranus
425:
421:
409:
402:Ustad Mansur
397:
391:
383:
370:
365:Ustad Mansur
327:
282:
278:
273:
272:
268:
266:
257:
252:
247:
207:
205:
189:
188:
170:Leucogeranus
169:
168:
18:
6129:iNaturalist
5760:Wikispecies
5599:Coturnicops
5590:Laterallini
5579:Poliolimnas
5565:Himantornis
5497:Porphyriops
5467:Gallinulini
5456:Pardirallus
5358:Gallirallus
5351:Eulabeornis
5279:Aramidopsis
5262:Anurolimnas
5155:Parvirallus
5094:Montirallus
4967:Belgirallus
4957:Baselrallus
4812:Nesotrochis
4764:See below β
4651:Eobalearica
4577:Eobalearica
4505:Badistornis
4475:Rupelrallus
4392:Messelornis
4385:Itardiornis
4361:Orthocnemus
4042:A. antigone
4038:Sarus crane
3951:B. pavonina
3859:WikiProject
3769:Piciformes
3652:Australaves
3631:Suliformes
3549:Gruiformes
3404:(flamingos)
3313:Tetraoninae
3284:Phasianidae
3273:Rhynchortyx
3238:Dactylortyx
3105:Megapodidae
3095:Penelopinae
3053:Galliformes
2795:Rheiformes
2789:(ostriches)
2739:individuals
2613:Ornithology
2600:interaction
2355:Preen gland
2115:in Egypt".
2100:(1): 71β72.
1813:(3): 33β34.
1774:: 213β222.
1445:: 718β725 .
1404:Gill, Frank
1098:11 November
1040:References:
1014:. In yakut
972:Volga Delta
873:Lake Poyang
817:floodlights
656:territorial
644:Poyang Lake
606:of the Ob,
552:sarus crane
489:Description
342:Poyang Lake
295:snowy white
6242:Categories
5964:Xeno-canto
5678:Zaporniini
5660:Aphanocrex
5637:Rufirallus
5620:Micropygia
5613:Laterallus
5606:Hapalocrex
5551:Amaurornis
5334:Dryolimnas
5293:Canirallus
5242:Youngornis
5222:Vitirallus
5175:Priscaweka
5145:Pararallus
5064:Litorallus
5024:Habroptila
5007:Euryonotus
4987:Creccoides
4947:Australlus
4869:Sarothrura
4725:Patagogrus
4715:Palaeogrus
4661:Geranopsis
4526:Psophiidae
4420:Songziidae
4298:Bumbanipes
4263:Gruiformes
4248:Gruiformes
4236:Neognathae
4206:Gruiformes
4204:Genera of
4133:Blue crane
4117:G. monacha
3910:Gruiformes
3609:(penguins)
3462:(bustards)
3300:Perdicinae
3245:Dendrortyx
3217:Callipepla
3149:Megapodius
3114:Aepypodius
2992:Tadorninae
2974:true geese
2805:(tinamous)
2764:Neornithes
2675:Pheasantry
2650:Aviculture
2418:Incubation
2408:Lek mating
1988:28 January
1258:Hartert, E
1123:2022-01-14
1048:References
966:Satellite
815:and using
730:earthworms
705:omnivorous
628:marshlands
540:trumpeting
532:camouflage
519:fore-crown
410:Megalornis
367:(c. 1625).
330:migrations
283:snow crane
149:Gruiformes
78:Appendix I
5751:Q21949185
5667:Porphyrio
5558:Gallicrex
5483:Gallinula
5365:Gymnocrex
5300:Crecopsis
5232:Wanshuina
5212:Rougetius
5195:Rallicrex
5084:Miorallus
5074:Miofulica
5044:Ibidopsis
4930:Aletornis
4896:Heliornis
4889:Heliopais
4862:Rallicula
4855:Mentocrex
4641:Balearica
4634:Aramornis
4611:Protogrus
4515:Papulavis
4468:Parvigrus
4399:Pellornis
4340:Ludiortyx
4329:Loncornis
4318:Gnotornis
4287:Aminornis
4216:Kingdom:
3938:Balearica
3678:(parrots)
3522:(hoatzin)
3473:Strisores
3454:(turacos)
3446:(cuckoos)
3375:(mesites)
3294:(turkeys)
3266:Philortyx
3183:Agelastes
3176:Acryllium
3167:Numididae
3156:Talegalla
3066:gamebirds
3059:landfowls
3038:Anseranas
3002:Anhimidae
2961:Anserinae
2744:fictional
2466:dinosaurs
2461:Theropoda
2448:Evolution
2393:Migration
2375:Behaviour
2062:27 August
1722:(2): 347.
1118:cites.org
1004:Yukaghirs
968:telemetry
951:. In the
945:New Delhi
839:Migration
788:incubated
507:primaries
485:in 1855.
446:Bugeranus
438:Bugeranus
325:, India.
323:Bharatpur
184:Species:
176:Bonaparte
115:Kingdom:
109:Eukaryota
6194:Species+
6147:10192861
6056:59046430
6017:BioLib:
5990:Wikidata
5938:Species+
5891:22692053
5865:52571472
5793:22692053
5788:BirdLife
5745:Wikidata
5694:Zapornia
5572:Megacrex
5511:Tribonyx
5442:Aramides
5253:Rallinae
5054:Latipons
5034:Hovacrex
4914:Rallidae
4835:Aptornis
4736:Pliogrus
4681:Antigone
4486:Aramidae
4461:Alhuenia
4224:Chordata
4222:Phylum:
4218:Animalia
4147:G. virgo
4032:A. vipio
4009:Antigone
3823:Category
3697:Afroaves
3625:(storks)
3427:Passerea
3412:(grebes)
3348:Columbea
3259:Oreortyx
3231:Cyrtonyx
3121:Alectura
3085:Cracinae
3077:Cracidae
2954:Oxyurini
2944:Aythyini
2939:Anatinae
2923:Anatidae
2670:Falconry
2633:big year
2488:Seabirds
2398:Foraging
2345:Feathers
2047:Springer
1936:: 6β21.
1911:24230271
1861:21452196
1853:24896001
1788:25193680
1694:36289511
1390:85412892
1260:(1922).
1246:(7): 37.
1234:(1893).
1160:(1773).
998:For the
845:disjunct
813:sandhill
797:reindeer
762:Breeding
738:serrated
722:lemmings
710:Veratrum
622:and the
580:Ob river
454:cranes.
430:tracheal
406:Jahangir
239:Synonyms
155:Family:
129:Chordata
125:Phylum:
119:Animalia
105:Domain:
65:IUCN 3.1
6253:Gruidae
6220:ZooBank
6121:2474961
5996:Q190520
5878:9531123
5842:sibcra1
5816:sibcra1
5775:Avibase
5687:Rallina
5504:Porzana
5379:Lewinia
5317:Crexica
5286:Cabalus
4691:Camusia
4672:Gruinae
4556:Gruidae
4545:Psophia
4429:Songzia
4246:Order:
4242:Neoaves
4240:Clade:
4228:Class:
4107:G. grus
3975:Gruinae
3918:Gruidae
3912:·
3835:Commons
3339:Neoaves
3224:Colinus
3190:Guttera
3128:Eulipoa
2949:Mergini
2813:(kiwis)
2797:(rheas)
2608:Ringing
2433:Hybrids
2428:Nesting
2383:Singing
2360:Plumage
2335:Dactyly
2305:Anatomy
2295:Outline
2285:: Aves)
2192:Bibcode
1891:Bibcode
1558:(2011).
1418:26 June
1323:4088599
1303:The Auk
1019:Olonkho
943:, near
941:Gujarat
885:extinct
865:migrant
861:Siberia
857:Yakutia
834:, China
832:Jiangxi
805:Baraboo
756:beetles
699:Feeding
676:calling
668:diurnal
624:Alazeya
616:Yakutia
596:landuse
534:on the
515:coverts
501:nursery
442:Gruinae
398:geranos
334:hunting
315:migrate
299:primary
285:, is a
281:or the
218:, 1773)
165:Genus:
159:Gruidae
145:Order:
135:Class:
80: (
63: (
6186:832271
6160:176185
6077:EURING
6040:ECOS:
5930:373081
5849:ECOS:
5806:857557
5630:Mundia
5476:Fulica
5406:Rallus
4997:Eocrex
4903:Podica
4495:Aramus
4048:Brolga
3914:family
3902:Cranes
3847:Portal
3723:(owls)
3197:Numida
3135:Leipoa
3018:Chauna
3011:Anhima
2706:Genera
2680:Imping
2598:Human
2438:Colony
2365:Vision
2350:Flight
2088:Pallas
2053:
1909:
1859:
1851:
1786:
1692:
1618:
1519:
1388:
1321:
1191:
1000:Yakuts
849:Russia
792:fledge
784:clutch
732:, and
692:paired
664:roosts
660:flocks
636:Nagpur
612:Sossva
592:Kolyma
548:toyoya
517:. The
393:leukos
386:. The
307:tundra
291:cranes
216:Pallas
178:, 1855
6173:40819
6142:IRMNG
6095:96755
6069:17236
6064:EUNIS
6033:3HFDH
6020:21592
5917:72716
5837:eBird
5813:BOW:
4788:Ralli
4755:Ralli
3906:order
2967:swans
2929:ducks
2899:fowls
2694:Lists
2318:Brain
2283:class
2279:Birds
2211:(PDF)
2180:(PDF)
1907:S2CID
1868:(PDF)
1857:S2CID
1829:(PDF)
1784:S2CID
1764:(PDF)
1738:(PDF)
1712:(PDF)
1690:S2CID
1659:(PDF)
1644:(PDF)
1513:(PDF)
1386:S2CID
1341:(PDF)
1319:JSTOR
1299:(PDF)
1028:Notes
1016:epics
949:Bihar
916:(the
776:boggy
768:April
726:voles
712:misae
640:Bihar
608:Konda
588:Tobol
584:Ishim
576:Urals
544:goose
511:alula
82:CITES
76:CITES
6212:7772
6199:6652
6168:NCBI
6155:ITIS
6116:GBIF
6082:4400
6043:5713
5956:7772
5943:6652
5886:IUCN
5873:GBIF
5852:5713
5801:BOLD
5307:Crex
4698:Grus
4440:Grui
4230:Aves
4064:Grus
2340:Eggs
2328:milk
2323:Crop
2313:Beak
2117:Ibis
2064:2019
2051:ISBN
1990:2023
1973:2020
1930:Oryx
1849:PMID
1748:(3).
1616:ISBN
1517:ISBN
1420:2019
1189:ISBN
1100:2021
1083:2018
1012:ajyy
1002:and
980:AEWA
923:Omid
914:IUCN
903:The
871:and
780:June
746:crop
734:fish
724:and
620:Yana
610:and
586:and
578:and
570:The
558:and
536:nest
527:iris
523:bill
463:Grus
422:Grus
319:Iran
287:bird
267:The
139:Aves
6207:TSA
6051:EoL
6028:CoL
6005:ADW
5951:TSA
5899:NBN
5860:EoL
5824:CMS
2200:doi
2188:106
2156:doi
2125:doi
2121:140
1977:doi
1938:doi
1899:doi
1841:doi
1776:doi
1772:623
1716:Auk
1682:doi
1376:doi
1372:127
1368:Auk
1311:doi
1307:111
1185:224
1087:doi
1008:sun
855:,
772:May
688:kHz
375:by
6244::
6222::
6209::
6196::
6183::
6170::
6157::
6144::
6134:44
6131::
6118::
6105::
6092::
6079::
6066::
6053::
6030::
6007::
5992::
5966::
5953::
5940::
5927::
5914::
5901::
5888::
5875::
5862::
5839::
5826::
5803::
5790::
5777::
5762::
5747::
4603:"?
3916::
3908::
2198:.
2186:.
2182:.
2152:12
2150:.
2146:.
2119:.
2096:.
2092:.
2066:.
2045:.
1971:.
1965:.
1934:21
1932:.
1928:.
1905:.
1897:.
1885:.
1855:.
1847:.
1837:43
1835:.
1831:.
1811:12
1809:.
1805:.
1782:.
1770:.
1766:.
1746:52
1744:.
1740:.
1720:86
1718:.
1714:.
1688:.
1678:13
1676:.
1652:86
1646:.
1531:^
1486:^
1451:^
1443:40
1437:.
1410:.
1384:.
1370:.
1366:.
1349:91
1347:.
1343:.
1317:.
1305:.
1301:.
1242:.
1238:.
1218:84
1216:.
1212:.
1187:.
1116:.
1081:.
1075:.
1055:^
990:.
887:.
853:Ob
823:.
728:,
682:.
562:.
554:,
509:,
457:A
348:.
5656:β
5626:β
5395:β
5385:β
5340:β
5323:β
5313:β
5268:β
5238:β
5228:β
5218:β
5201:β
5191:β
5181:β
5171:β
5161:β
5151:β
5141:β
5131:β
5121:β
5111:β
5101:β
5097:?
5090:β
5080:β
5070:β
5060:β
5050:β
5040:β
5030:β
5013:β
5003:β
4993:β
4983:β
4973:β
4963:β
4953:β
4943:β
4926:β
4823:β
4808:β
4732:β
4728:?
4721:β
4711:β
4687:β
4657:β
4647:β
4630:β
4607:β
4597:"
4595:β
4591:?
4584:β
4580:?
4573:β
4534:β
4511:β
4501:β
4449:β
4417:β
4377:?
4372:β
4357:β
4353:?
4346:β
4336:β
4332:?
4325:β
4321:?
4314:β
4304:β
4294:β
4290:?
4283:β
4197:e
4190:t
4183:v
4166:)
4149:)
4145:(
4139:)
4135:(
4129:)
4125:(
4119:)
4115:(
4109:)
4099:)
4095:(
4089:)
4085:(
4079:)
4075:(
4054:)
4050:(
4044:)
4040:(
4034:)
4030:(
4024:)
4020:(
3999:)
3995:(
3963:)
3959:(
3953:)
3949:(
3920:)
3904:(
3894:e
3887:t
3880:v
3068:)
3061:-
3057:(
2931:)
2927:(
2901:)
2897:(
2893:e
2891:a
2889:r
2887:e
2885:s
2883:n
2881:a
2879:o
2877:l
2875:l
2873:a
2871:G
2858:e
2856:a
2854:h
2852:t
2850:a
2848:n
2846:g
2844:o
2842:e
2840:N
2281:(
2271:e
2264:t
2257:v
2202::
2194::
2164:.
2158::
2131:.
2127::
2098:1
1992:.
1979::
1963:"
1959:"
1946:.
1940::
1913:.
1901::
1893::
1887:3
1843::
1790:.
1778::
1696:.
1684::
1624:.
1525:.
1422:.
1392:.
1378::
1325:.
1313::
1244:1
1197:.
1126:.
1102:.
1089::
1073:"
1069:"
978:(
921:"
271:(
214:(
84:)
67:)
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