210:
1435:
702:
299:
1249:
1323:
311:
553:
346:
534:
648:
470:
419:
203:(inside motion). Tanks that ran the full length of the boiler provided greater water capacity and, in this case, cut-outs in the rectangular tank gave access to the valve gear. Longer side tanks were sometimes tapered downwards at the front to improve forward visibility. Side tanks almost all stopped at, or before, the end of the boiler barrel, with the smokebox protruding ahead. A few designs did reach to the front of the smokebox and these were termed 'flatirons'.
226:
283:
1345:
738:
108:
1112:
1384:: Most tank locomotives are capable of running at full speed in either direction (although this depends on the wheel arrangement; for example, a 2-6-0T will not be able to run as fast in reverse, due to lack of a trailing truck). Most tender locomotives are unable to do this, because the heavy tender is not designed to be pushed and may become unstable at higher speeds. Tender locomotives generally require turning facilities, such as a
616:
1152:
38:
1221:
575:
375:
330:
773:
1195:
1124:
591:
1300:
1283:
and brake shoes was also required – this either took the form of scraper bars fitted to the leading edge of the wheels or wheel washer jets supplied from the water tank. To handle long trains of loose-coupled (and often un-sprung) wagons, contractor's locomotives usually had very effective steam-powered brakes. Most lacked a full cab, often only having a front '
1452:: A tender can typically contain far more of both than is available on a tank locomotive. This restricts the range of tank locomotives between fueling and watering points. This is one reason why tank engines were more popular in Europe and the UK than in America or other places, because the distances were shorter between refueling stations and water towers.
1271:
usually saddle or well tank types (see above) but required several adaptations to make them suitable for their task. They were built to be as light as possible so they could run over the lightly built temporary rails and had deeply flanged wheels so they did not de-rail on the tracks which were often very uneven.
1392:, at each end of the run. A tank locomotive, on the other hand, can simply run around the train (provided there is a siding) and pull it back in the other direction. The crew of a tank engine generally have a better view in the reverse direction than for a tender engine and are protected from the weather.
763:
Where a tender was used with a narrow-gauge locomotive it usually carried only fuel, with water carried in the locomotive's tanks. The tender offered greater fuel capacity than a bunker on the locomotive and often the water capacity could be increased by converting redundant bunker space into a water
271:
Water in the tank is slightly pre-heated by the boiler, which reduces the loss of pressure found when cold feedwater is injected into the boiler. However, if the water becomes too hot, injectors lose efficiency and can fail. For this reason, the tanks often stopped short of the hotter and uninsulated
602:
In this design, the tank is placed behind the cab, usually over a supporting bogie. This removes the weight of the water from the driving wheels, giving the locomotive a constant tractive weight. The disadvantage is a reduction in water carrying capacity. A rear tank is an essential component of the
1282:
or spoil heaps. Many were designed so that large iron ballast blocks could be fitted to the frames when extra weight and traction was required, then removed when it was not. Most had sanding gear fitted to all wheels for maximum traction. Some method of keeping mud and dust from clogging the wheels
1231:
During the 1930s there was a trend for express passenger locomotives to be streamlined by enclosed bodyshells. Express locomotives were nearly all tender locomotives, but a few fast tank engines were also streamlined, for use on high-speed, but shorter, services where turn-around time was important
512:
In this design, used in earlier and smaller locomotives, the water is stored in a 'well' on the underside of the locomotive, generally between the locomotive's frames. This arrangement was patented by S.D. Davison in 1852. This does not restrict access to the boiler, but space is limited there, and
1501:
Worldwide, tank engines varied in popularity. They were more common in areas where the length of run was short, and a quick turn around time was needed or turning facilities were not available, mostly in Europe. With their limited fuel and water capacity, they were not favoured in areas where long
1185:
is mounted on the centre frame without wheels, and two sets of driving wheels (4 cylinders total) carrying fuel bunkers and water tanks are mounted on separate frames, one on each end of the boiler. Articulation is used so larger locomotives can go around curves which would otherwise restrict the
1270:
firms engaged in the building of railways. The locomotives would be used for hauling men, equipment and building materials over temporary railway networks built at the worksite that were frequently re-laid or taken up and moved elsewhere as building work progressed. Contractor's locomotives were
78:
There are several different types of tank locomotive, distinguished by the position and style of the water tanks and fuel bunkers. The most common type has tanks mounted either side of the boiler. This type originated about 1840 and quickly became popular for industrial tasks, and later for
797:
Because tank locomotives are capable of running equally fast in both directions (see below) they usually have symmetrical wheel arrangements to ensure the same ride and stability characteristics regardless of the direction travelled, producing arrangements with only driving wheels (e.g.
784:
Large side tank engines might also have an additional rear tank (under the coal bunker), or a well tank (between the frames). This may have been to increase the water capacity, to equalise the weight distribution, or else improve the stability by lowering the
406:. There were difficulties in accommodating the flat top of the latter within an encircling saddle tank which cut down capacity and increased the tendency to overheat the water in the tank. Pannier tank locomotives are often seen as an icon of the GWR.
716:
The inverted saddle tank was a variation of the Wing Tank where the two tanks were joined underneath the smokebox and supported it. This rare design was used for the same reasons as the wing tank but provided slightly greater water capacity. The
252:
Saddle tanks were a popular arrangement especially for smaller locomotives in industrial use. It gave a greater water supply, but limited the size of the boiler and restricted access to it for cleaning. Furthermore, the locomotive has a higher
1426:: Many train tanks are designed to be in contact with, and be heated by, the boiler. Pre-heated water will reach boiling point faster than the colder water available from a tender. On the other hand, excessively hot water can interfere with
357:
Pannier tanks are box-shaped tanks carried on the sides of the boiler, not carried on the locomotive's running plates. This leaves a space between the tanks and the running plate. Pannier tanks have a lower centre of gravity than a
1096:
is used). There are two main positions for bunkers on tank locomotives: to the rear of the cab (as illustrated in the left of the images below), a position typically used on locomotives with a trailing carrying axle or a trailing
1287:'. If a cab was provided it was usually removable along with the chimney, and sometimes the dome, so that the locomotive could be loaded onto a flatbed wagon for transport to new locations by rail whilst remaining within the
759:
railways where the small size of the locomotive restricts the space available for fuel and water. These combined both fuel and water in a proportion (where coal was used) of 1 pound of coal for every 6 pounds of water..
1186:
size of rigid framed locomotives. One of the major advantages of the
Garratt form of articulation is the maintenance of the locomotive's centre-of-gravity over or inside the track centre-line when rounding curves.
1505:
They were very common in the United
Kingdom, France, and Germany. In the United Kingdom, they were frequently used for shunting and piloting duties, suburban passenger services and local freight. The
678:
Wing tanks are side tanks that run the length of the smokebox, instead of the full length of the boiler. In the early 19th century the term "wing tank" was sometimes used as a synonym for side tank.
1462:
of the locomotive decreases, which in turn reduces the train weight the locomotive can pull. Locomotives with low water supplies also typically ride less well as there is less weight on the springs.
196:, extending all or part of the boiler's length. The tank sides extend down to the running platform, if such is present, for at least part of their length. This was a common configuration in the UK.
209:
552:
145:
in 1848. In spite of the early belief that such locomotives were inherently unsafe, the idea quickly caught on, particularly for industrial use and five manufacturers exhibited designs at
310:
298:
1410:, and other loading limits, the more weight on the driving wheels the better. In a tank locomotive the weight of its own fuel and water increase the available tractive weight.
1314:
to avoid road debris causing a derailment. Some tram engines were fitted with a roof and enclosed sides, giving them an appearance more like a goods wagon than a locomotive.
245:
sits atop a horse. Usually, the tank is curved in cross-section, although in some cases there were straight sides surmounted by a curve (like an inverted 'U'), or even an
513:
the design is therefore not suitable for locomotives that need a good usable range before refilling. The arrangement does, however, have the advantage of creating a low
1492:
of the railway being run on. Above a certain diameter of boiler there is little or no room for water tanks to be added and still fit within the loading gauge.
1336:
Railway locomotives with vertical boilers universally were tank locomotives. They were small, cheaper-to-operate machines mostly used in industrial settings.
1416:: A tank locomotive is shorter than the equivalent tender locomotive. This is important in environments with limited space for locomotives, such as the
453:, pannier tanks were in use at least since 1866, once again in conjunction with Belpaire firebox. Locomotives were built for the Belgian State and for
1284:
225:
685:
industrial locomotives that could be frequently re-filled with water and where side or saddle tanks would restrict access to valve gear. The
362:, whilst still giving the same easy access to the valve gear. Pannier tanks are so-named because the tanks are in a similar position to the
282:
1307:
Steam tram engines, which were built, or modified, to work on a street, or roadside, tramway were almost universally also tank engines.
1738:
1482:: For larger tank locomotives, it is hard to put much fuel and water aboard without requiring more axles than a rigid frame can handle.
2335:
379:
2231:
Tramways, Their
Construction and Working, Embracing a Comprehensive History of the System, Accounts of the Various Modes of Traction
334:
2062:
The Model
Locomotive: Its Design and Construction; a Practical Manual on the Building and Management of Miniature Railway Engines
1434:
1156:
142:
579:
2403:
2376:
2256:
2195:
2143:
2102:
2009:
1949:
1924:
1882:
1823:
Hawkins' Mechanical
Dictionary: A Cyclopedia of Words, Terms, Phrases and Data Used in the Mechanic Arts, Trades and Sciences
1722:
1678:
1105:
overhangs the rear driving axle, as this counterbalances the overhanging weight of the firebox, stabilising the locomotive.
842:). However other requirements, such as the need to support a large bunker, would require a non-symmetrical layout such as
1212:
for working in railway workshops or other industrial environments. The crane may be fitted at the front, centre or rear.
257:
and hence must operate at lower speeds. The driver's vision may also be restricted, again restricting the safe speed.
2168:
595:
268:
instead. A few
American locomotives used saddle tanks that only covered the boiler barrel, forward of the firebox.
533:
2430:
709:
701:
1531:
were designed for. In
Germany, too, large tank locomotives were built. In the United States they were used for
1248:
249:
shape (a concave arc flowing into a convex arc). Walter
Nielson patented the saddle tank arrangement in 1849.
1762:
1274:
At the same time, they had to be very powerful with good traction as they would often have to haul trains of
31:
1517:" class), used for many things including very heavy trains on the Welsh valley coal mining lines that the
1548:
1279:
154:
1441:
locomotives were fitted with well tanks and part of the side tanks were blanked off to improve stability
2001:
1322:
659:
481:
430:
402:
were converted from saddle tank locomotives when these were being rebuilt in the early 1900s with the
2425:
169:
and industrial roles, particularly those involving shorter journeys or frequent changes in direction.
17:
2045:
177:
There are a number of types of tank locomotive, based on the location and style of the water tanks.
94:
compared to traditional locomotives that required a separate tender to carry needed water and fuel.
150:
2296:
1784:
1468:: Water surging inside large side tanks can cause the locomotive to become unstable and prone to
2312:
1310:
Tram engines had their wheels and motion enclosed to avoid accidents in traffic. They often had
1178:
1102:
1101:; or on top of and to one side of the firebox, a positioning typically used in cases where the
725:
is believed to have had an inverted saddle tank. The inverted saddle tank was a speciality of
317:
130:
2393:
2273:
2185:
1981:
1872:
1838:
1821:
1802:
1668:
1632:
2229:
2212:
2118:
2060:
1914:
1712:
1695:
1651:
1506:
1203:
395:
162:
1742:
1232:
and the tank engine's independence from turntables was useful. Examples included the German
1525:
1385:
847:
836:
825:
814:
803:
682:
523:
320:
146:
116:
8:
693:
has been described, by various sources, as both a wing tank and an inverted saddle tank.
265:
166:
138:
111:
Drawing of the
Novelty showing the large well tank between the wheels and below the frame
84:
1111:
862:
2033:
1403:
1267:
1174:
1168:
741:
264:
does not fit easily beneath a saddle tank, and so most saddle tanks retained the older
41:
2399:
2372:
2252:
2191:
2164:
2139:
2098:
2005:
1945:
1920:
1878:
1718:
1674:
1473:
1438:
1264:
1263:
The contractor's locomotive was a small tank locomotive specially adapted for use by
1123:
1061:
1047:
876:
786:
755:
behind it. This was the common arrangement on the largest locomotives, as well as on
604:
514:
254:
193:
1143:
which carry their own fuel but which are usually categorised for different reasons.
2349:
1836:
1140:
403:
261:
52:
1539:
in terminals and locomotive shops, and in logging, mining and industrial service.
1237:
1225:
2246:
2092:
1855:
1755:
1536:
1532:
1459:
1398:: The usable tractive weight of a locomotive is the product of the weight on its
1331:
1209:
562:
345:
158:
80:
75:
locomotive a tender holds some or all of the fuel, and may hold some water also.
2187:
The
Baldwin Locomotive Works, 1831–1915: A Study in American Industrial Practice
2026:
Standard designation of axle arrangement on locomotives and multiple-unit sets.
1518:
1514:
1427:
1399:
1389:
1257:
868:
777:
559:
543:
391:
350:
2419:
1634:
Lockwood's Dictionary of Terms Used in the Practice of Mechanical Engineering
1489:
1288:
1275:
1253:
752:
718:
686:
216:
165:. By the mid-1850s tank locomotives were to be found performing a variety of
60:
231:
An example with a tapered front and cut-out to give access to the valve gear
1874:
The Royal Arsenal Railways: The Rise and Fall of a Military Railway Network
1774:
Dambly, Phil: "Nos inoubliables 'Vapeur'. Editions LE RAIL, Brussels (1968)
1407:
1233:
1053:
756:
518:
199:
The length of side tanks was often limited in order to give access to the
1998:
Industrial Locomotives: including preserved and minor railway locomotives
1311:
1084:
1073:
1057:
872:
726:
629:
607:
type of locomotive, which is a 4-4-0 American-type with wheels reversed.
399:
367:
64:
647:
469:
418:
1469:
304:
A typical curved-shaped saddle tank, covering both firebox and smokebox
200:
56:
1344:
1417:
1093:
1088:
is used to carry the fuel (for locomotives using liquid fuel such as
737:
636:
134:
107:
68:
1370:
615:
273:
2332:
Locomotives of the London Brighton and South Coast Railway: Part 3
1151:
792:
2248:
Vertical Boiler Locomotives and Railmotors Built in Great Britain
1582:
501:
450:
363:
37:
2395:
A History of the American Locomotive: Its Development, 1830–1880
2319:. Locomotive Publishing Company. 13 June 1903. pp. 404–406.
121:
that ran at the Rainhill Trials in 1829. It was an example of a
1912:
1220:
1182:
772:
574:
566:
540:
394:, pannier tank locomotives were used almost exclusively by the
374:
329:
242:
189:
129:
date from the 1840s; one of the first of these was supplied by
1969:. Vol. 24. Kalmbach Publishing Company. 1964. p. 35.
1898:"Narrow Gauge Locomotive For the Gas Light and Coke Company".
323:
saddle tank with both straight sides and a protruding smokebox
1522:
1510:
1194:
1160:
1098:
1031:
1013:
995:
977:
959:
941:
923:
905:
844:
833:
822:
811:
800:
289:
1837:
Institution of Mechanical Engineers (Great Britain) (1864).
1803:"Tank locomotives for suburban service on American railways"
1656:. Simmons-Boardman Publishing Corporation. 1922. p. 86.
590:
2245:
Abbott, Rowland Aubrey Samuel; Lowe, James Wensley (1989).
2120:
Locomotive Magazine and Railway Carriage & Wagon Review
1299:
1208:
A crane tank (CT) is a steam tank locomotive fitted with a
1079:
292:
ST. Note the short tank, avoiding both firebox and smokebox
246:
1406:. Therefore, up to the limits of the maximum permissible
1303:
Steam tram locomotive of Geldersche Tramwegen, Netherlands
1760:
An outline of Great Western locomotive practice 1837–1947
1198:
A crane tank preserved as a static exhibit at Bressingham
1089:
879:), various suffixes are used to denote tank locomotives:
27:
Steam locomotive which carries its fuel and water onboard
820:) or equal numbers of leading and trailing wheels (e.g.
504:
Saddle tanks or Pannier tanks for heavy timber trains.
1913:
Anthony Burton; John Scott-Morgan (30 November 2015).
1906:
1840:
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers
1278:
up very steep gradients, such as the sides of railway
457:, a private company grouping smaller secondary lines.
192:-shaped tanks which are situated on both sides of the
1979:
1693:
1630:
2294:
1809:. McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. 1905. p. 168.
1697:
The Evolution of the Steam Locomotive (1803 to 1898)
1458:: As the water in the tanks is used up, the overall
1064:, the suffix 't' is used to denote tank locomotives
712:
showing the inverted saddle tank around the smokebox
628:"Wing tank" redirects here. Not to be confused with
1791:. Locomotive Publishing Company. 1908. p. 218.
1567:
2123:. Locomotive Publishing Company. 1907. p. 47.
1857:The Van and Kerry Railways: With the Kerry Tramway
1078:On tank locomotives which use solid fuels such as
30:"Tank engine" redirects here. For other uses, see
1670:Industrial Locomotives & Railways of Scotland
1488:: The boiler and water tanks must fit within the
1134:
91:
2417:
1819:
1587:, Newton Abbot: David and Charles, pp. 9–10
635:For the auxiliary fuel tank of an aircraft, see
565:well tank formerly used on suburban services in
241:The water tank sits on top of the boiler like a
55:which carries its water in one or more on-board
1339:
793:Locomotive classification and wheel arrangement
517:, creating greater stability on poorly laid or
2238:
1568:Kalla-Bishop, P. M.; Greggio, Luciano (1985).
1317:
1215:
2391:
2317:Locomotive, Railway Carriage and Wagon Review
2313:"6-wheeled tank locomotive, D.W. & W. Ry"
2183:
2090:
2078:Railways in the Years of Pre-Eminence 1905–19
2058:
1870:
1789:Locomotive, Railway Carriage and Wagon Review
1139:There are several other specialised types of
500:In Logging railroads in the Western USA used
2214:Steam Tramways: a Pressing Want of the Times
2204:
2136:Die Baureihe 61 und der Henschel-Wegmann-Zug
1864:
1830:
1666:
1626:
1624:
2360:
2163:(in Hungarian). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.
2084:
2052:
1965:"Locomotives built between 1930 and 1962".
1813:
1710:
1602:, no. 1975, London, September 20, 1852
623:on the Welshpool and Llanfair Light Railway
585:
2371:. Rebo International B.V. pp. 74–78.
2366:
2244:
1973:
1847:
1653:Locomotive Cyclopedia of American Practice
1646:
1644:
1583:The Industrial Locomotive Society (1967),
1377:The benefits of tank locomotives include:
1256:contractor's loco, with their distinctive
1243:
989:
455:la Société Générale d'Exploitatation (SGE)
2398:. Courier Corporation. pp. 233–235.
2385:
2336:Railway Correspondence and Travel Society
2272:Camp, Walter Mason, ed. (22 April 1905).
2221:
2177:
2158:
2133:
1986:. F. A. Stokes Company. pp. 177–179.
1916:The Light Railways of Britain and Ireland
1700:. Railway Publishing Company. p. 11.
1621:
1617:, no. 26429, London, August 29, 1851
1007:
2369:The Complete Encyclopedia of Locomotives
2288:
2284:(16). Railway Review, Incorporated: 283.
2265:
2210:
2065:. P. Marshall & Company. p. 35.
1933:
1704:
1687:
1660:
1637:. Crosby, Lockwood and Son. p. 413.
1433:
1343:
1321:
1298:
1247:
1219:
1193:
1189:
1150:
771:
736:
700:
614:
589:
344:
219:, typical side tank locomotive from 1897
106:
36:
2329:
1641:
856:
696:
143:London Brighton and South Coast Railway
14:
2418:
1877:. Pen & Sword Books. p. 192.
1853:
2350:"The 4200 class GWR Tank locomotives"
2227:
2161:Ungarische Lokomotiven und Triebwagen
1396:Fuel and water add to adhesive weight
1294:
1146:
1041:
2271:
2075:
1939:
1673:. Amberley Publishing. p. 220.
1369:) gauge tank locomotive Tx26-423 in
642:
464:
413:
1714:Great Western Railway Pannier Tanks
1326:Vertical boiler locomotive "Taffy".
780:combined side tanks and a well tank
521:tracks. The first tank locomotive,
125:. However, the more common form of
24:
2367:De Cet, Mirco; Kent, Alan (2006).
2301:. Western Railway Club. p. 2.
2278:The Railway and Engineering Review
2138:(in German). Freiburg: EK-Verlag.
2000:. Vol. 17EL. Melton Mowbray:
1502:runs between stops were the norm.
751:A tank locomotive may also haul a
115:The first tank locomotive was the
25:
2442:
2274:"Meeting of Western Railway Club"
1944:. Pen & Sword Books Limited.
1942:British Steam Locomotive Builders
1919:. Pen and Sword. pp. 18–19.
1765:, London, U.K. (1957), p. 42
1526:
1476:4-6-4T before they were modified.
971:
848:
837:
826:
815:
804:
596:Finnish Steam Locomotive Class F1
2392:John H. White (1 January 1979).
2184:John K. Brown (September 2001).
1667:Gordon Edgar (15 October 2019).
1122:
1110:
1025:
935:
646:
573:
551:
532:
468:
460:
417:
373:
359:
328:
309:
297:
281:
224:
208:
137:to the contractors building the
72:
59:, instead of a more traditional
2342:
2323:
2305:
2152:
2127:
2111:
2080:. Blandford Press. p. 127.
2069:
2018:
1990:
1958:
1891:
1871:Mark Smithers (31 March 2016).
1843:. The Institution. p. 103.
1795:
1785:"An old "well" tank locomotive"
1777:
1768:
1749:
1731:
1711:Robin Jones (31 January 2014).
1450:Limited fuel and water capacity
1430:operation and is to be avoided.
1008:Inverted saddle tank locomotive
767:
681:Wing tanks were mainly used on
340:
2228:Clark, Daniel Kinnear (1894).
1980:Joseph Russell Howden (1909).
1694:George Augustus Nokes (1899).
1631:Joseph Gregory Horner (1892).
1606:
1591:
1576:
1561:
1135:Other types of tank locomotive
1067:
953:
917:
899:
863:Whyte notation § Suffixes
732:
236:
63:. Most tank engines also have
13:
1:
2295:Western Railway Club (1904).
2028:(5 ed.). 1 January 1983.
1983:The Boys' Book of Locomotives
1763:Locomotive Publishing Company
1585:Steam locomotives in industry
1554:
1496:
1480:Axle loading limits a problem
1048:UIC notation § Structure
260:The squared-off shape of the
1340:Advantages and disadvantages
1159:class Garratt, preserved in
610:
507:
180:
159:Kitson Thompson and Hewitson
155:William Fairbairn & Sons
92:advantages and disadvantages
32:Tank engine (disambiguation)
7:
1549:Steam locomotive components
1542:
1472:, as was the case with the
1318:Vertical boiler locomotives
1216:Streamlined tank locomotive
710:Golden Valley Light Railway
400:Great Western pannier tanks
10:
2447:
2159:Kubinszky, Mihály (1975).
2134:Gottwaldt, Alfred (2005).
2002:Industrial Railway Society
1329:
1201:
1166:
1071:
1045:
860:
626:
409:
385:
102:
97:
29:
2354:The Great Western Archive
1820:Nehemiah Hawkins (1909).
1445:There are disadvantages:
2211:Barcroft, Henry (1881).
1826:. T. Audel. p. 655.
1613:"The Great Exhibition",
1486:Limit of boiler diameter
586:Rear tank (or back tank)
380:Pannier tank locomotives
172:
151:E. B. Wilson and Company
2097:. David & Charles.
1940:Lowe, James W. (2014).
1456:Varying adhesive weight
1244:Contractor's locomotive
1155:South African Railways
972:Pannier tank locomotive
744:tender-tank locomotive
353:pannier tank locomotive
335:Saddle tank locomotives
2431:Steam locomotive types
2330:Bradley, D.L. (1974).
2234:. C. Lockwood and son.
2094:The Garratt Locomotive
2091:A. E. Durrant (1969).
2059:Henry Greenly (1904).
1854:Cozens, Lewis (1953).
1442:
1374:
1327:
1304:
1260:
1228:
1199:
1164:
1056:which also classifies
1026:Tender-tank locomotive
936:Saddle tank locomotive
871:for classification of
781:
748:
713:
624:
599:
354:
131:George England and Co.
112:
90:Tank locomotives have
44:
1615:The Morning Chronicle
1437:
1347:
1325:
1302:
1251:
1223:
1204:Crane tank locomotive
1197:
1190:Crane tank locomotive
1154:
990:Crane tank locomotive
775:
740:
704:
619:Wing tank locomotive
618:
593:
582:at Wikimedia Commons
580:Well tank locomotives
396:Great Western Railway
382:at Wikimedia Commons
348:
337:at Wikimedia Commons
163:William Bridges Adams
110:
83:and shorter-distance
71:) to hold fuel; in a
40:
2298:Official Proceedings
1513:tanks (such as the "
1420:of a run-round loop.
1181:in three parts. The
954:Well tank locomotive
918:Rear tank locomotive
900:Side tank locomotive
857:Whyte classification
697:Inverted saddle tank
598:rear tank locomotive
149:in 1851. These were
147:The Great Exhibition
1598:"Calamitous fire",
1509:was famous for its
1258:cylindrical firebox
1224:Hungarian Railways
563:LSWR 0298 "Beattie"
527:, was a well tank.
266:round-topped boiler
139:Seaford branch line
42:LB&SCR J1 class
2076:Nock, O.S (1971).
1535:suburban service,
1474:LB&SCR L class
1443:
1439:LB&SCR L class
1404:factor of adhesion
1402:multiplied by the
1375:
1328:
1305:
1295:Steam tram engines
1261:
1236:and the Hungarian
1229:
1200:
1175:Garratt locomotive
1169:Garratt locomotive
1165:
1147:Garratt locomotive
1042:UIC classification
782:
749:
742:Ffestiniog Railway
714:
658:. You can help by
625:
600:
480:. You can help by
429:. You can help by
355:
157:, George England,
113:
45:
2405:978-0-486-23818-0
2378:978-90-366-1505-1
2258:978-0-85361-385-5
2251:. Oakwood Press.
2217:. Hodges, Figgis.
2197:978-0-8018-6812-2
2145:978-3-88255-161-7
2104:978-0-7153-4356-2
2011:978 1 901556 88 9
1951:978-1-4738-2289-4
1926:978-1-4738-2706-6
1884:978-1-4738-4401-8
1724:978-1-84797-654-3
1680:978-1-4456-4943-6
1572:. Crescent Books.
1570:Steam Locomotives
1382:Bi-directionality
1265:civil engineering
1062:wheel arrangement
1039:
1038:
877:wheel arrangement
787:centre of gravity
676:
675:
578:Media related to
515:centre of gravity
498:
497:
447:
446:
378:Media related to
333:Media related to
255:centre of gravity
16:(Redirected from
2438:
2426:Tank locomotives
2410:
2409:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2346:
2340:
2339:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2292:
2286:
2285:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2043:
2039:
2037:
2029:
2022:
2016:
2015:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1807:Engineering News
1799:
1793:
1792:
1781:
1775:
1772:
1766:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1741:. Archived from
1735:
1729:
1728:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1648:
1639:
1638:
1628:
1619:
1618:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1565:
1530:
1528:
1368:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1350:
1141:steam locomotive
1126:
1114:
1035:
1017:
999:
981:
963:
945:
927:
909:
882:
881:
852:
850:
841:
839:
830:
828:
819:
817:
808:
806:
671:
668:
650:
643:
640:
633:
577:
555:
536:
493:
490:
472:
465:
442:
439:
421:
414:
404:Belpaire firebox
377:
332:
313:
301:
285:
262:Belpaire firebox
228:
212:
53:steam locomotive
21:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2413:
2406:
2390:
2386:
2379:
2365:
2361:
2348:
2347:
2343:
2328:
2324:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2293:
2289:
2270:
2266:
2259:
2243:
2239:
2226:
2222:
2209:
2205:
2198:
2182:
2178:
2171:
2157:
2153:
2146:
2132:
2128:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2105:
2089:
2085:
2074:
2070:
2057:
2053:
2041:
2040:
2031:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2019:
2012:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1978:
1974:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1952:
1938:
1934:
1927:
1911:
1907:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1885:
1869:
1865:
1852:
1848:
1835:
1831:
1818:
1814:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1754:
1750:
1739:"Pannier tanks"
1737:
1736:
1732:
1725:
1709:
1705:
1692:
1688:
1681:
1665:
1661:
1650:
1649:
1642:
1629:
1622:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1581:
1577:
1566:
1562:
1557:
1545:
1521:
1499:
1460:adhesive weight
1363:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1353:1 ft
1352:
1348:
1342:
1334:
1332:Vertical boiler
1320:
1297:
1285:spectacle plate
1246:
1218:
1206:
1192:
1171:
1149:
1137:
1130:
1127:
1118:
1115:
1076:
1070:
1050:
1044:
1030:
1012:
994:
976:
958:
940:
922:
904:
865:
859:
843:
832:
821:
810:
799:
795:
770:
735:
699:
672:
666:
663:
656:needs expansion
641:
634:
627:
613:
588:
569:
556:
547:
537:
510:
494:
488:
485:
478:needs expansion
463:
443:
437:
434:
427:needs expansion
412:
388:
343:
324:
314:
305:
302:
293:
286:
239:
232:
229:
220:
213:
183:
175:
105:
100:
49:tank locomotive
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2444:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2412:
2411:
2404:
2384:
2377:
2359:
2341:
2322:
2304:
2287:
2264:
2257:
2237:
2220:
2203:
2196:
2176:
2169:
2151:
2144:
2126:
2110:
2103:
2083:
2068:
2051:
2017:
2010:
1989:
1972:
1957:
1950:
1932:
1925:
1905:
1902:. 7 June 1895.
1890:
1883:
1863:
1846:
1829:
1812:
1794:
1776:
1767:
1748:
1745:on 2016-05-14.
1730:
1723:
1703:
1686:
1679:
1659:
1640:
1620:
1605:
1590:
1575:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1544:
1541:
1519:GWR 4200 Class
1498:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1483:
1477:
1463:
1453:
1432:
1431:
1428:steam injector
1421:
1411:
1400:driving wheels
1393:
1341:
1338:
1330:Main article:
1319:
1316:
1296:
1293:
1245:
1242:
1217:
1214:
1202:Main article:
1191:
1188:
1167:Main article:
1148:
1145:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1129:A side bunker.
1128:
1121:
1119:
1117:A rear bunker.
1116:
1109:
1072:Main article:
1069:
1066:
1046:Main article:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1010:
1005:
1001:
1000:
992:
987:
983:
982:
974:
969:
965:
964:
956:
951:
947:
946:
938:
933:
929:
928:
920:
915:
911:
910:
902:
897:
893:
892:
889:
886:
875:(primarily by
869:Whyte notation
861:Main article:
858:
855:
794:
791:
778:LSWR 415 class
769:
766:
734:
731:
698:
695:
689:'s locomotive
674:
673:
653:
651:
612:
609:
587:
584:
571:
570:
557:
550:
548:
538:
531:
509:
506:
496:
495:
475:
473:
462:
459:
445:
444:
424:
422:
411:
408:
387:
384:
351:GWR 57xx class
342:
339:
326:
325:
315:
308:
306:
303:
296:
294:
287:
280:
238:
235:
234:
233:
230:
223:
221:
214:
207:
182:
179:
174:
171:
104:
101:
99:
96:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2443:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2407:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2388:
2380:
2374:
2370:
2363:
2355:
2351:
2345:
2337:
2333:
2326:
2318:
2314:
2308:
2300:
2299:
2291:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2268:
2260:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2241:
2233:
2232:
2224:
2216:
2215:
2207:
2199:
2193:
2190:. JHU Press.
2189:
2188:
2180:
2172:
2170:963-05-0125-2
2166:
2162:
2155:
2147:
2141:
2137:
2130:
2122:
2121:
2114:
2106:
2100:
2096:
2095:
2087:
2079:
2072:
2064:
2063:
2055:
2047:
2035:
2027:
2021:
2013:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1993:
1985:
1984:
1976:
1968:
1961:
1953:
1947:
1943:
1936:
1928:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1909:
1901:
1894:
1886:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1867:
1859:
1858:
1850:
1842:
1841:
1833:
1825:
1824:
1816:
1808:
1804:
1798:
1790:
1786:
1780:
1771:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1752:
1744:
1740:
1734:
1726:
1720:
1716:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1698:
1690:
1682:
1676:
1672:
1671:
1663:
1655:
1654:
1647:
1645:
1636:
1635:
1627:
1625:
1616:
1609:
1601:
1594:
1586:
1579:
1571:
1564:
1560:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1503:
1491:
1490:loading gauge
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1440:
1436:
1429:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1372:
1346:
1337:
1333:
1324:
1315:
1313:
1308:
1301:
1292:
1290:
1289:loading gauge
1286:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1227:
1222:
1213:
1211:
1205:
1196:
1187:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1170:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1144:
1142:
1125:
1120:
1113:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1075:
1065:
1063:
1060:primarily by
1059:
1055:
1049:
1033:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1002:
997:
993:
991:
988:
985:
984:
979:
975:
973:
970:
967:
966:
961:
957:
955:
952:
949:
948:
943:
939:
937:
934:
931:
930:
925:
921:
919:
916:
913:
912:
907:
903:
901:
898:
895:
894:
890:
887:
884:
883:
880:
878:
874:
870:
864:
854:
851:
846:
840:
835:
829:
824:
818:
813:
807:
802:
790:
788:
779:
774:
765:
761:
758:
754:
747:
743:
739:
730:
728:
724:
720:
719:Brill Tramway
711:
707:
703:
694:
692:
688:
687:Kerry Tramway
684:
679:
670:
661:
657:
654:This section
652:
649:
645:
644:
638:
631:
622:
617:
608:
606:
597:
592:
583:
581:
576:
568:
564:
561:
554:
549:
545:
542:
535:
530:
529:
528:
526:
525:
520:
516:
505:
503:
492:
483:
479:
476:This section
474:
471:
467:
466:
461:United States
458:
456:
452:
441:
432:
428:
425:This section
423:
420:
416:
415:
407:
405:
401:
397:
393:
383:
381:
376:
371:
369:
365:
361:
352:
347:
338:
336:
331:
322:
319:
312:
307:
300:
295:
291:
284:
279:
278:
277:
275:
269:
267:
263:
258:
256:
250:
248:
244:
227:
222:
218:
217:LSWR M7 Class
211:
206:
205:
204:
202:
197:
195:
191:
187:
178:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
119:
109:
95:
93:
88:
86:
82:
76:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
43:
39:
33:
19:
2394:
2387:
2368:
2362:
2353:
2344:
2331:
2325:
2316:
2307:
2297:
2290:
2281:
2277:
2267:
2247:
2240:
2230:
2223:
2213:
2206:
2186:
2179:
2160:
2154:
2135:
2129:
2119:
2113:
2093:
2086:
2077:
2071:
2061:
2054:
2025:
2020:
1997:
1992:
1982:
1975:
1966:
1960:
1941:
1935:
1915:
1908:
1899:
1893:
1873:
1866:
1860:. R. Cozens.
1856:
1849:
1839:
1832:
1822:
1815:
1806:
1797:
1788:
1779:
1770:
1759:
1751:
1743:the original
1733:
1713:
1706:
1696:
1689:
1669:
1662:
1652:
1633:
1614:
1608:
1599:
1593:
1584:
1578:
1569:
1563:
1504:
1500:
1485:
1479:
1465:
1455:
1449:
1444:
1423:
1413:
1408:axle loading
1395:
1381:
1376:
1335:
1312:cow catchers
1309:
1306:
1273:
1262:
1230:
1207:
1172:
1138:
1083:
1077:
1054:UIC notation
1051:
866:
796:
783:
768:Combinations
762:
757:narrow gauge
750:
745:
722:
715:
705:
690:
683:narrow gauge
680:
677:
664:
660:adding to it
655:
620:
601:
572:
522:
519:narrow gauge
511:
499:
486:
482:adding to it
477:
454:
448:
435:
431:adding to it
426:
398:. The first
389:
372:
356:
341:Pannier tank
327:
270:
259:
251:
240:
198:
185:
184:
176:
126:
122:
117:
114:
89:
77:
48:
46:
2042:|work=
1900:Engineering
1756:Holcroft, H
1717:. Crowood.
1466:Instability
1414:Compactness
1349:600 mm
1280:embankments
1179:articulated
1074:Fuel bunker
1068:Fuel bunker
1058:locomotives
873:locomotives
733:Tender-tank
727:W.G.Bagnall
721:locomotive
630:Winged tank
489:August 2023
368:pack animal
360:saddle tank
321:Alice Class
237:Saddle tank
73:tender-tank
57:water tanks
2420:Categories
1600:Daily News
1555:References
1497:Popularity
1470:derailment
1424:Efficiency
1268:contractor
746:Welsh Pony
667:April 2020
544:Decauville
438:April 2020
288:Large USA
201:valve gear
186:Side tanks
69:fuel tanks
2044:ignored (
2034:cite book
1537:switching
1533:push-pull
1418:headshunt
1386:turntable
1238:Class 242
1226:class 242
1094:Fuel tank
691:Excelsior
637:Drop tank
611:Wing tank
603:American
546:well tank
508:Well tank
181:Side tank
167:main line
135:New Cross
127:side tank
123:well tank
87:duties.
85:main line
18:Side tank
2004:. 2015.
1543:See also
1373:, Poland
1367: in
1234:Class 61
891:Example
888:Meaning
364:panniers
274:smokebox
141:for the
81:shunting
1511:Prairie
1362:⁄
1254:Bagnall
1103:firebox
1052:In the
885:Suffix
867:In the
708:on the
560:British
524:Novelty
502:2-6-6-2
451:Belgium
410:Belgium
392:Britain
386:Britain
318:Hunslet
118:Novelty
103:Origins
98:History
65:bunkers
2402:
2375:
2255:
2194:
2167:
2142:
2101:
2008:
1967:Trains
1948:
1923:
1881:
1721:
1677:
1371:Poznań
1276:wagons
1252:Small
1183:boiler
1085:bunker
753:tender
723:Wotton
621:Dougal
605:Forney
567:London
541:French
243:saddle
194:boiler
190:cuboid
61:tender
1523:2-8-0
1210:crane
1161:Wales
1157:NGG16
1099:bogie
1032:0-4-0
1014:0-6-0
996:0-6-0
978:0-6-0
960:0-6-0
942:0-6-0
924:0-4-4
906:0-6-0
845:2-6-4
834:4-6-4
823:2-4-2
812:0-6-0
801:0-4-0
764:tank.
366:on a
290:2-8-2
173:Types
51:is a
2400:ISBN
2373:ISBN
2253:ISBN
2192:ISBN
2165:ISBN
2140:ISBN
2099:ISBN
2046:help
2006:ISBN
1946:ISBN
1921:ISBN
1879:ISBN
1719:ISBN
1675:ISBN
1515:61xx
1092:, a
1082:, a
1080:coal
1022:T+T
1004:IST
831:and
809:and
776:The
706:Joan
247:ogee
188:are
161:and
67:(or
2282:XLV
1507:GWR
1390:wye
1388:or
1177:is
1090:oil
1034:T+T
1016:IST
986:CT
968:PT
950:WT
932:ST
914:RT
662:.
484:.
449:In
433:.
390:In
133:of
2422::
2352:.
2334:.
2315:.
2280:.
2276:.
2038::
2036:}}
2032:{{
1805:.
1787:.
1758::
1643:^
1623:^
1355:11
1291:.
1240:.
1173:A
998:CT
980:PT
962:WT
944:ST
926:RT
896:T
853:.
789:.
729:.
594:A
558:A
539:A
370:.
349:A
316:A
276:.
215:A
153:,
47:A
2408:.
2381:.
2356:.
2338:.
2261:.
2200:.
2173:.
2148:.
2107:.
2048:)
2014:.
1954:.
1929:.
1887:.
1727:.
1683:.
1527:T
1364:8
1360:5
1357:+
1351:(
1163:.
908:T
849:T
838:T
827:T
816:T
805:T
669:)
665:(
639:.
632:.
491:)
487:(
440:)
436:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.