Socialist realism - Knowledge

911: 2152: 2275: 1433:. His bronze monument in Buchenwald, depicting the liberation of this concentration camp by detainees in April 1945, is considered one of the most striking examples of socialist realism in GDR sculpture for its representation of communist liberation. Each figure in the monument, erected outside the campsite, has symbolic significance according to the orthodox communist interpretation of the event. Thus communists were portrayed as the driving force behind self-liberation, symbolized by a figure in the foreground sacrificing himself for his sufferers, followed by the central group of determined comrades through whose courage and fearlessness is encouraged. The German Democratic Republic used these sculptures to reaffirm its claim to the historical and political legacy of the anti-fascist struggle for freedom. 1988: 492: 2256: 1819: 2287: 2392: 2184: 403:, the People's Commissariat for Enlightenment. This put Lunacharsky in the position of deciding the direction of art in the newly created Soviet state. Although Lunacharsky did not dictate a single aesthetic model for Soviet artists to follow, he developed a system of aesthetics based on the human body that would later help to influence socialist realism. He believed that "the sight of a healthy body, intelligent face or friendly smile was essentially life-enhancing." He concluded that art had a direct effect on the human organism and under the right circumstances that effect could be positive. By depicting "the perfect person" ( 2328: 2373: 354: 168: 1854: 2407: 2221: 416: 2240: 2347: 2109:). The "New Soviet Woman" was often shown working in traditionally male jobs, such as aviation, engineering, tractor-driving, and politics. The point of this was to encourage women to join the workforce and show off the strides the USSR had made for women, especially in comparison with the United States. Indeed, women had expanded opportunities to take up traditionally male jobs in comparison to the US. In 1950, women made up 51.8% of the Soviet labor force, compared to just 28.3% in North America. 771: 2429: 8126: 2313: 1838: 1594: 2010:

blacksmiths. In many paintings in the 1920s, the men and women were almost indistinguishable in stature and clothing, but the women would often be depicted taking subservient roles to the men, such as being his assistant ("rabotnitsa"). These women blacksmith figures were less common, but significant, since it was the first time women were represented as proletarians. The introduction of women workers in propaganda coincided with a series of government policies which allowed for

2203: 681: 2168: 157: 11121: 8046: 1518: 585: 11131: 1766: 1465: 858: 438:, there was a certain amount of private commercial enterprise, allowing both the futurists and the traditionalists to produce their art for individuals with capital. By 1928, the Soviet government had enough strength and authority to end private enterprises, thus ending support for fringe groups such as the futurists. At this point, although the term "socialist realism" was not being used, its defining characteristics became the norm. 47: 936: 179: 835:

subjects that could not exist according to Soviet ideals. Now that the power over appearances was taken away from the government, artists achieved a level of authority that had not existed since the early 20th century. In the decade immediately after the fall of the USSR, artists represented socialist realism and the Soviet legacy as a traumatic event. By the next decade, there was a unique sense of detachment.

2100:" resolved in 1930, there was little explicit discourse about how women should be uniquely created in art. Discussions of gender difference and sexuality were generally taboo and viewed as a distraction from the duties people had to the creation of socialism. Accordingly, nudes of both men and women were rare, and some art critics have pointed out that Socialist Realist paintings escaped the problem of women's 910: 2151: 2006:, "freedom") or as nurses and victims. The symbolic women would be depicted as feminine – wearing long dresses, long hair, and bare breasts. The image of the urban proletariat, the group which brought the Bolsheviks to power was characterized by masculinity, physical strength, and dignity and were usually shown as blacksmiths. 652:) was established in 1922 and was one of the most influential artist groups in the USSR. The AKhRR worked to truthfully document contemporary life in Russia by utilizing "heroic realism". The term "heroic realism" was the beginning of the socialist realism archetype. AKhRR was sponsored by influential government officials such as 1437: 2093:" – the idealized icon of humanity living under socialism. This heroic figure encapsulated both men and women, per the Russian word "chelovek", a masculine term meaning "person". While the new Soviet person could be male or female, the figure of man was often used to represent gender neutrality. 2117:

leaving them with the famous "double burden" of childcare and work duties. The government encouraged women to have children by creating portraits of the "housewife-activist" – wives and mothers who supported their husbands and the socialist state by taking on unpaid housework and childcare.

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As is discussed above, the art style during the early period of the Soviet Union (1917–1930) differed from the socialist realist art created during the Stalinist period. Artists were able to experiment more freely with the message of the revolution. Many Soviet artists during this period were part of

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began to condemn the previous regime's practice of excessive restrictions. This freedom allowed artists to begin experimenting with new techniques, but the shift was not immediate. It was not until the ultimate fall of Soviet rule that artists were no longer restricted by the deposed Communist Party.

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The Writers' Union is not being created merely for the purpose of bodily uniting all artists of the pen, but so that professional unification may enable them to comprehend their corporate strength, to define with all possible clarity their varied tendencies, creative activity, guiding principles, and

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Creativity was not an important part of socialist realism. The styles used in creating art during this period were those that would produce the most realistic results. Painters would depict happy, muscular peasants and workers in factories and collective farms. During the Stalin period, they produced

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Common images used in socialist realism were flowers, sunlight, the body, youth, flight, industry, and new technology. These poetic images were used to show the utopianism of communism and the Soviet state. Art became more than an aesthetic pleasure; instead it served a very specific function. Soviet

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There was a prevailing sense of optimism, as socialist realism's function was to show the ideal Soviet society. Not only was the present glorified, but the future was also supposed to be depicted in an agreeable fashion. Because the present and the future were constantly idealized, socialist realism

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The purpose of socialist realism was to limit popular culture to a specific, highly regulated faction of emotional expression that promoted Soviet ideals. The party was of the utmost importance and was always to be favorably featured. The key concepts that developed assured loyalty to the party were

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argued that the radical reformation of society to communist principles meant little if any bourgeois art would prove useful; some of his more radical followers advocated the destruction of libraries and museums. Lenin rejected this philosophy, deplored the rejection of the beautiful because it was

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In 1928, the AKhRR was renamed to Association of Artists of the Revolution (AKhR) in order to include the rest of the Soviet states. At this point the group had begun participating in state promoted mass forms of art like murals, jointly-made paintings, advertisement production and textile design.

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attempted to define the lines of art under Lenin by writing "The Realist Manifesto" in 1920, suggesting that artists should be given free rein to create as their muse desired. Lenin, however, had a different purpose for art: wanting it functional, and Stalin built on that belief that art should be

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The artist could not, however, portray life just as they saw it because anything that reflected poorly on Communism had to be omitted. People who could not be shown as either wholly good or wholly evil could not be used as characters. Art was filled with health and happiness: paintings showed busy

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commonly seen in capitalist forms of art production. But the declaration of women's equality also made it difficult to talk about the gender inequality that did exist; Stalin's government had simultaneously banned abortion and homosexuality, made divorce more difficult, and dismantled the women's

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In the 1990s, many Russian artists used the characteristics of socialist realism in an ironic fashion. This was completely different from what existed only a couple of decades before. Once artists broke from the socialist realist mould, there was a significant power shift. Artists began including

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Revolutionary romanticism elevated the common worker, whether factory or agricultural, by presenting his life, work, and recreation as admirable. Its purpose was to show how much the standard of living had improved thanks to the revolution, as educational information, to teach Soviet citizens how

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around male Soviet leaders created an entire atmosphere of patriarchy in Socialist Realist art, where both male and female workers often looked up to the "father" icon of Lenin and Stalin. Furthermore, the policies of the 1930s ended up forcing many women to be solely responsible for childcare,

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gave a speech strongly endorsing it as "the official style of Soviet culture". It was enforced ruthlessly in all spheres of artistic endeavour. Form and content were often limited, with erotic, religious, abstract, surrealist, and expressionist art being forbidden. Formal experiments, including

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The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines socialist realism as "a Marxist aesthetic theory calling for the didactic use of literature, art, and music to develop social consciousness in an evolving socialist state". Socialist realism compelled artists of all forms to create positive or uplifting

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that smothers artistic expression and therefore retards the progress of culture. In recent years there has been a reclamation of the movement in Moscow with the addition of the Institute of Russian Realist Art (IRRA), a three-story museum dedicated to preserving 20th-century Russian realist

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In 1920, Soviet artists began to produce the first images of women proletarians. These women differed from the symbolic women from the 1910s in that they most closely resembled the aspects of the male workers – dignity, masculinity, and even supernatural power in the case of

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descent and Lithuanian citizenship, a country where he lived for most of his life and died. He excelled in landscapes and social realism, and held many exhibitions. Znamierowski was also widely published in national newspapers, magazines and books. His more notable paintings include

2069:. These women challenged some of the historical precedents of male dominance in art. Art historian Christina Kiaer has argued that the post-revolutionary shift away from market-based art production was beneficial to female artists' careers, especially before 1930, when the 430:, many of whom had been creating abstract or leftist art before the Bolsheviks, believed communism required a complete rupture from the past and, therefore, so did Soviet art. Traditionalists believed in the importance of realistic representations of everyday life. Under 1871:

After the Russian Revolution, socialist realism became an international literary movement. Socialist trends in literature were established in the 1920s in Germany, France, Czechoslovakia, and Poland. Writers who helped develop socialist realism in the West included

1563:. Socialist realism was, to some extent, a reaction against the adoption of these "decadent" styles. It was thought by Lenin that the non-representative forms of art were not understood by the proletariat and could therefore not be used by the state for propaganda. 2120:

Women were also more often shown as peasants than workers, which some scholars see as evidence of their perceived inferiority. Art depicting peasant women in the Stalin era was far more positive than in the 1920s, and often explicitly pushed back against the

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in which "the literary schools were strangled one after the other" and the method of command extended across various areas from scientific agriculture to music. Overall, he regarded socialist realism to be an arbitrary construct of the Stalinist bureaucracy.

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reflections of socialist utopian life by utilizing any visual media, such as posters, movies, newspapers, theater and radio, beginning during the Communist Revolution of 1917 and escalating during the reign of Stalin until the early 1980s.

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developed socialist realism in his own way. His creative method featured a combination of publicistic passion, a critical view of capitalist society, and a steadfast striving to bring reality into accord with socialist ideals. The novel

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Modern art styles appeared to refuse to draw upon this heritage, thus clashing with the long realist tradition in Russia and rendering the art scene complex. Even in Lenin's time, a cultural bureaucracy began to restrain art to fit

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Art exhibitions of 1935–1940 serve as counterpoint to claims that the artistic life of the period was suppressed by the ideology and artists submitted entirely to what was then called "social order". A great number of

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society, was generally seen as backwards, and did not hold the same status as the heroic status as the revolutionary urban proletariat. An example of the gender distinction of male proletariat and female peasantry is

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Western cultures often do not look at socialist realism positively. Democratic countries view the art produced during this period of repression as a lie. Non-Marxist art historians tend to view communism as a form of

1020:. The mass song was a leading genre in Soviet music, especially during the 1930s and the war. The mass song influenced other genres, including the art song, opera, and film music. The most popular mass songs include 1302:, a story that culminates in the vivid description of the self-liberation of the detainees, was deliberately chosen to take place on the same day as the formal opening of the Buchenwald Monument in September 1958. 1747:

facilitated an explosion of interest in alternative art styles in the late 1980s, but socialist realism remained in limited force as the official state art style until as late as 1991. It was not until after the

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The themes depicted would feature the beauty of work, the achievements of the collective and the individual for the good of the whole. The artwork would often feature an easily discernible educational message.

602:, head of the Russian government 1917–1924, laid the foundation for this new wave of art, suggesting that art is for the people and the people should love and understand it, while uniting the masses. Artists 469:, a proponent of literary socialist realism, published a famous article titled "Socialist Realism" in 1933. During the Congress of 1934, four guidelines were laid out for socialist realism. The work must be: 538:

had a sense of forced optimism. Tragedy and negativity were not permitted, unless they were shown in a different time or place. This sentiment created what would later be dubbed "revolutionary romanticism".

576:—all in the most realistic fashion possible. The most important thing for a socialist realist artist was not artistic integrity but adherence to party doctrine, thus creating a singular utopian aesthetic. 3933:"Lin Jung-hua. Post-Soviet Aestheticians Rethinking Russianization and Chinization of Marxism//Russian Language and Literature Studies. Serial № 33. Beijing, Capital Normal University, 2011, №3. Р.46-53" 8162: 640:

However, by the early 1980s, the Socialist Realist movement had begun to fade. Artists to date remark that the Russian Social Realist movement as the most oppressive and shunned period of Soviet Art.

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The style of socialist realism began to dominate the Soviet artistic community starting when Stalin rose to power in 1930, and the government took a more active role in regulating art creation. The

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painter, known for his large panoramic landscapes and love of nature. Znamierowski combined these two passions to create very notable paintings in the Soviet Union, earning the prestigious title of

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internal dialogue, stream of consciousness, nonsense, free-form association, and cut-up were also disallowed. This was either because they were "decadent", unintelligible to the proletariat, or

8353: 294:. The primary official objective of socialist realism was "to depict reality in its revolutionary development" although no formal guidelines concerning style or subject matter were provided. 8348: 8343: 2255: 2021:

Peasant women were also rarely depicted in socialist propaganda art in the period before 1920. The typical image of a peasant was a bearded, sandal-shoed man in shoddy clothes and with a

556:, a Marxist theoretician, states that art is useful if it serves society: "There can be no doubt that art acquired a social significance only in so far as it depicts, evokes, or conveys 8338: 8303: 2073:

was still relatively egalitarian. Instead of an elite, individualistic group of disproportionately male "geniuses" produced by the market, artists shared creation of a common vision.

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was proclaimed in 1934 at the Soviet Writer's congress, although it was left not precisely defined. This turned individual artists and their works into state-controlled propaganda.

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took control of Russia on October 25, 1917, there was a marked shift in artistic styles. There had been a short period of artistic exploration in the time between the fall of the

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in 1991. While other countries have employed a prescribed canon of art, socialist realism in the Soviet Union persisted longer and was more restrictive than elsewhere in Europe.

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and to manufacture officially a heroic myth...The style of official Soviet painting is being described as "socialist realism"- the label could have been invented only by a

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which were widely translated and disseminated in China. Other academics, including Cai Xiang, Rebecca E. Karl, and Xueping Zhong, place greater weight on the influence of

1891:" who, in addition to extending simple aesthetics into urban design, were to express grandiose ideas and arouse feelings of stability, persistence and political power. 8333: 7888: 3821: 2002:(1917–1922) men were overrepresented as workers, peasants, and combat heroes, and when women were shown, it was often either to symbolize an abstract concept (e.g., 3622: 1913:. Socialist realism had little mainstream impact in the non-Communist world, where it was widely seen as a totalitarian means of imposing state control on artists. 548:. Art (especially posters and murals) was a way to instill party values on a massive scale. Stalin described the socialist realist artists as "engineers of souls". 4747: 2468: 530:

was an important concept: not only was the work to embody an approved idea, but its content was more important than its form. This allowed the identification of

2183: 2089:, a field dominated by men, over posters and other mediums in which women had primarily worked. The task of Soviet artists was to create visualisations of the " 8228: 1943:

Academics typically view China's socialist literature as existing within the trend of Stalinist-influenced socialist realism, particularly major works such as

633:". He believed that artists should not be constrained and should be allowed to live by their creative talents. In 1964, Khrushchev was removed and replaced by 1887:

During the 1950s, this massive undertaking, a crucial role fell to architects perceived not as merely engineers creating streets and edifices, but rather as "

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exhibited at the time pursued purely technical purposes and were thus ostensibly free from any ideology. Genre painting was also approached in a similar way.

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The group was disbanded April 23, 1932 by the decree "On the Reorganization of Literary and Artistic Organizations" serving as the nucleus for the Stalinist

6513: 2473: 2312: 1028: 313:. Despite its name, the figures in the style are very often highly idealized, especially in sculpture, where it often leans heavily on the conventions of 2327: 1341:(1906) is usually considered to have been the first socialist-realist novel. Gorky was also a major factor in the school's rapid rise, and his pamphlet, 752:. Fadeyev was a close personal friend of Stalin and called Stalin "one of the greatest humanists the world has ever seen." His most famous works include 727:

to unite the Soviet writers of different methods, such as the "proletarian" writers (such as Fyodor Panfyorov), praised by the Communist Party, and the

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In 1974, for instance, a show of unofficial art in a field near Moscow was broken up and the artwork destroyed with a water cannon and bulldozers (see

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bloc, the style mostly deriving from popular posters, illustrations and other works on paper, with discreet influence from their Western equivalents.

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must be the logical development of the store of knowledge mankind has accumulated under the yoke of capitalist, landowner, and bureaucratic society."

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provides a notable example for his expressionist and patriotic scenes of the Second World War, collective farms, and sports. Yuriy Ivanovich Pimenov,

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in 1948, it abandoned socialist realism along with other elements previously imported from the Soviet system and allowed greater artistic freedom.

321:, a type of art that realistically depicts subjects of social concern and was popularized in the United States during the 1930s, or other forms of 1590:" was un-Marxist because the proletariat would lose its class characteristics in the transition to a classless society, however, did not prevail. 4984: 4794: 2391: 1398: 981:. Eisler combines features of revolutionary songs with varied expression. His symphonic music is known for its complex and subtle orchestration. 626: 2372: 8248: 3468:

Alekna, Romas (24 May 1975). "Česlovui Znamierovskiui – 85" . Literatūra ir menas (in Lithuanian) (Vilnius: Lithuanian Creative Unions Weekly)

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The impact of socialist realist art can still be seen decades after it ceased being the only state-supported style. Even before the end of the

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Socialist realism was developed by many thousands of artists, across a diverse society, over several decades. Early examples of realism in

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they should be acting and to improve morale. The ultimate aim was to create what Lenin called "an entirely new type of human being": The

8318: 6876: 4730: 4767: 3638: 8308: 8082: 7383: 806:, whereas in the Soviet Union official art-and none other exists there - is sharing in the fate of official justice; its purpose is to 210: 1078:, which shows the role of the people in the history-making process. The theme of revolutionary history was developed in films such as 9687: 8394: 8328: 8178: 1928: 384:. While these works do not have the same political connotation, they exhibit the techniques exercised by their successors. After the 2239: 10475: 8522: 2453: 1917: 491: 3136:"От основания до современности К 80-летию Студии военных художников имени М.Б. Грекова - Бурение и Нефть - журнал про газ и нефть" 11200: 11195: 8213: 3492: 2319: 111: 9874: 8293: 8278: 8238: 8188: 8183: 7665: 6200: 5634: 2406: 1061:

argued that cinema is a valuable means for propaganda and education and that it could be used to supplant the influence of the

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In the early years of the Soviet Union, Russian and Soviet artists embraced a wide variety of art forms under the auspices of

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was a Moldovan sculptor, whose work was known for its sensitive portrayals of women and children. Her most notable work is

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Socialist realism became state policy in 1934 when the First Congress of Soviet Writers met and Stalin's representative

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from its development in the early 1920s to its eventual fall from official status beginning in the late 1960s until the

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These styles of art were later rejected by members of the Communist Party who did not appreciate modern styles such as

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have also been described as "unappreciated masters of twentieth-century realism". Another well-known practitioner was

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Their time and contemporaries, with all its images, ideas, and dispositions found it full expression in portraits by

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In art, from the mid-1960s more relaxed and decorative styles became acceptable even in large public works in the

11175: 10039: 9119: 8458: 7525: 6998: 5289: 5205: 4665:(Russian Language and Literature Studies. Serial No. 33) Beijing, Capital Normal University, 2011, No.3. Р.46-53. 2685:"TRANSLATING NOVELS IN ROMANIA: THE AGE OF SOCIALIST REALISM. FROM AN IDEOLOGICAL CENTER TO GEOGRAPHICAL MARGINS" 1693: 789:, was highly critical of this rigid approach towards the arts. He viewed cultural conformity as an expression of 573: 337: 2413: 2398: 552:

ideals placed functionality and work above all else; therefore, for art to be admired, it must serve a purpose.

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harmoniously to merge all aims in that unity which is guiding all the creative working energies of the country.

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who allowed for less draconian state controls and openly condemned Stalin's artistic demands in 1956 with his "

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on May 23, 1932. The term was approved in meetings that included politicians of the highest level, including

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Bartelik, Marek (1999). "Concerning Socialist Realism: Recent Publications on Russian Art (book review)".

10803: 10375: 9928: 9793: 9482: 8810: 8410: 7410: 7111: 5777: 3939: 2510: 1888: 1866: 1313:, depict the working class as a rising force of the nation. He published two books of documentary prose, 7064: 4543:"The representation and/or repression of Chinese women: from a socialist aesthetics to commodity fetish" 2112:

However, there were also many patriarchal depictions of women. Historian Susan Reid has argued that the

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Totalitarian Art in the Soviet Union, the Third Reich, Fascist Italy and the People's Republic of China

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Revolution and its narratives : China's socialist literary and cultural imaginaries (1949-1966)

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Revolution and its narratives : China's socialist literary and cultural imaginaries (1949-1966)

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had a working-class woman as its heroine. He battled against the enemies of socialism in the books

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The Radical Novel in the United States: 1900–1954. Some Interrelations of Literature and Society

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industrial and agricultural scenes; sculptures depicted workers, sentries, and schoolchildren.

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depicts the artist's path toward the people against a broad social and historical background.

1118:(1941). Some films depicted the part of peoples of the Soviet Union against foreign invaders: 10771: 10330: 9972: 9862: 9519: 8466: 8450: 8105: 7580: 7555: 7520: 7490: 7456: 7378: 7156: 7131: 6746: 6625: 6530: 5089: 5011: 4921: 4836: 4049: 4012: 3070: 3043: 2692: 2500: 2480: 1921: 1614: 1384: 1259: 665: 381: 279: 10808: 6008: 3095: 1345:, essentially lays out the needs of Soviet art. Other important works of literature include 353: 11165: 11124: 11021: 10917: 10580: 10283: 10148: 9960: 9894: 9305: 9242: 9237: 9114: 8928: 8881: 8763: 8714: 8613: 8568: 8389: 7702: 7283: 7052: 6957: 6751: 6681: 6597: 6471: 6274: 6100: 5900: 5590: 5425: 5330: 5264: 5195: 5114: 5104: 5094: 4846: 4841: 2490: 2265: 2034: 1992: 1732: 1545: 1337: 1322: 1215: 1000: 457: 426:

There were two main groups debating the fate of Soviet art: futurists and traditionalists.

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Many socialist realist tendencies prevailed until the mid-to-late 1990s and early 2000s.

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Kiaer, C. H. (2012). Fairy Tales of the Proletariat, or, Is Socialist Realism Kitsch? In

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style of architecture, socialist realism was the officially approved type of art in the

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Discussions of film as a tool of the Soviet state began in the early twentieth century.

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composed many workers' songs, marches, and ballads on current political topics such as

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by E. Dzigan. The shaping of the new man under socialism was a theme of films such as

329:. Socialist realism was usually devoid of complex artistic meaning or interpretation. 11160: 11130: 10870: 10793: 10643: 10597: 10565: 10555: 10470: 10430: 10208: 10096: 10086: 10012: 9940: 9820: 9665: 9660: 9589: 9544: 9507: 9444: 9432: 9350: 9298: 9232: 9227: 9203: 9171: 8903: 8898: 8647: 8538: 7695: 7648: 7618: 7478: 7348: 7263: 7253: 6901: 6775: 6394: 6357: 6328: 6281: 6144: 6090: 6080: 6070: 5961: 5639: 5551: 5541: 5528: 5517: 5180: 5109: 5084: 5040: 4926: 4898: 4814: 4772: 4721: 4708: 4673: 4652: 4624: 4596: 4574: 4562: 4523: 4474: 4460: 4416: 4396: 4350: 4221: 4181: 4169: 4115: 4063: 4053: 4026: 4016: 3863: 3855: 3805: 3789: 3743: 3723: 3563: 3553: 3409: 3280: 3253: 3226: 3192: 2684: 2575: 2058: 2046: 1999: 1944: 1861:

cafe in 1977 were covered over by commercial advertising after Germany was reunited.

1736: 1661: 1626: 1397:

in Tamil is a standing example of Marxist Realism in India. It won a literary award (

1356: 1192: 1175: 1125: 1085: 915: 827: 622: 407:), Lunacharsky believed art could educate citizens on how to be the perfect Soviets. 10305: 5932: 5352: 2661: 1931:. In 2017, three works by Albanian artists from the socialist era were exhibited at 11101: 11091: 11001: 10929: 10912: 10907: 10828: 10756: 10622: 10617: 10607: 10602: 10550: 10490: 10460: 10415: 10278: 10178: 10091: 10054: 9759: 9707: 9633: 9574: 9487: 9283: 9276: 9166: 9039: 8891: 8876: 8840: 8825: 8758: 8729: 8709: 8618: 8474: 8091: 8031: 7977: 7935: 7638: 7431: 7069: 6976: 6854: 6567: 6550: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6416: 6362: 6085: 6030: 5927: 5895: 5866: 5745: 5738: 5733: 5706: 5568: 5563: 5240: 5001: 4941: 4878: 4851: 4696: 4672:. East Roseville, NSW, Australia: Craftsman House; G + B Arts International, 1995. 4554: 4513: 4464: 4456: 4388: 4340: 4213: 4165: 4161: 4107: 3580: 3443: 3401: 2657: 2601: 2567: 2530: 2037:

movement and used abstract forms for propaganda posters, while some chose to use a

1954: 1901:

Today, arguably the only countries still focused on these aesthetic principles are

1717: 1713: 1673: 1141: 1021: 553: 427: 7759: 447:, the term was first used in press by chairman of the organizing committee of the 415: 11051: 10976: 10966: 10961: 10946: 10855: 10798: 10697: 10592: 10510: 10505: 10435: 10370: 10290: 10163: 10158: 10131: 10027: 9825: 9788: 9734: 9727: 9680: 9554: 9524: 9437: 9397: 9392: 9325: 9271: 9256: 9176: 9151: 9146: 9084: 9002: 8992: 8953: 8869: 8793: 8719: 7952: 7809: 7784: 7734: 7658: 7483: 7473: 7368: 7353: 7333: 7216: 7126: 7089: 7074: 6822: 6729: 6671: 6493: 6488: 6245: 6214: 6166: 5856: 5787: 5772: 5600: 5578: 5499: 5447: 5437: 5409: 5362: 5345: 5269: 5210: 5200: 5139: 4803: 4149: 3186: 2296: 2208: 1966: 1877: 1709: 1697: 1649: 1444: 1394: 1089: 1032: 840: 732: 634: 630: 607: 588: 531: 287: 10685: 5836: 2818:Социалистический реализм. In: Большая российская энциклопедия, 2015, pp. 751—753 11036: 11006: 10986: 10848: 10833: 10778: 10736: 10575: 10530: 10520: 10495: 10450: 10440: 10218: 10198: 10168: 10153: 10111: 10076: 10034: 10022: 10017: 9810: 9781: 9670: 9655: 9599: 9454: 9412: 8923: 8739: 8630: 8014: 7982: 7930: 7878: 7861: 7851: 7779: 7441: 7318: 7288: 7185: 7173: 7047: 6981: 6913: 6780: 6676: 6379: 6075: 6015: 5956: 5820: 5750: 5457: 5379: 5296: 5149: 4893: 4819: 4558: 3135: 2485: 2226: 2090: 2038: 1822: 1701: 1681: 1630: 1609: 1598: 1351: 1346: 1234: 1196: 1094: 1074: 985: 599: 544: 510: 404: 318: 247: 35: 31: 10892: 10690: 9982: 8125: 7595: 5464: 4734: 4663:

Post-Soviet Aestheticians Rethinking Russianization and Chinization of Marxism

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hand...Even under absolute monarchy art was based on idealization, but not on

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in 1991, the government had been reducing its practices of censorship. After

462: 377: 194: 10320: 7400: 6545: 6207: 4518: 4501: 4445:"Parading Myths: Imaging New Soviet Woman on Fizkul'turnik's Day, July 1944" 3567: 1920:

was an important exception among the communist countries, because after the

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which was exhibited at the Paris International Exhibition to wide acclaim.

1436: 1410: 1306: 1157: 1058: 950: 811: 799: 786: 653: 500: 452: 291: 259: 214: 7989: 5850: 3983:"Stirring portraits of communist Albania's women recall different reality" 11134: 11096: 11076: 11071: 11056: 11046: 11026: 10956: 10934: 10860: 10766: 10707: 10702: 10560: 10365: 10345: 10310: 10059: 9955: 9712: 9697: 9638: 9604: 9382: 9355: 9320: 9191: 9181: 9054: 9014: 8982: 8933: 8849: 8830: 8803: 8699: 8657: 8608: 8418: 7910: 7873: 7814: 7690: 7685: 7680: 7628: 7623: 7565: 7468: 7405: 7358: 7298: 7268: 7190: 7032: 6870: 6859: 6832: 6802: 6666: 6640: 6557: 6478: 6466: 6421: 6411: 6406: 6384: 6345: 6181: 6156: 6041: 6003: 5910: 5878: 5830: 5558: 5486: 5279: 5220: 5134: 5072: 5032: 4946: 4883: 4757: 3547: 2525: 2042: 2041:

style. Women artists were significantly represented in the revolutionary

1902: 1895: 1858: 1830: 1744: 1549: 1376: 1332: 1293: 1200: 736: 724: 643: 466: 373: 310: 302: 271: 198: 156: 680: 11086: 11066: 11016: 10996: 10981: 10971: 10887: 10838: 10648: 10455: 10395: 10213: 10106: 10049: 9977: 9935: 9766: 9584: 9569: 9539: 9497: 9466: 9156: 9019: 8783: 8724: 8704: 8594: 7957: 7769: 7729: 7675: 7643: 7535: 7373: 7328: 7221: 7027: 6837: 6705: 6426: 6228: 6020: 5861: 5649: 5415: 5320: 5284: 5274: 5252: 5067: 5057: 5045: 4997: 4703:, translated by Max Hayward and George Dennis, with an introduction by 4486: 4444: 4408: 4376: 4233: 4201: 3328:

Evangeli, Aleksandr. "Echoes of Socialist Realism in Post-Soviet Art",

3315:

Evangeli, Aleksandr. "Echoes of Socialist Realism in Post-Soviet Art",

3302:

Evangeli, Aleksandr. "Echoes of Socialist Realism in Post-Soviet Art",

2631:

Todd, James G. "Social Realism". Art Terms. Museum of Modern Art, 2009.

2337: 1962: 1790: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1721: 1665: 1570:

old, and explicitly described art as needing to call on its heritage: "

1541: 1517: 1489: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 882: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 739:). In August 1934, the union held its first congress where Gorky said: 400: 385: 267: 4127: 4095: 3455: 2669: 2085:

became more hierarchical and the association privileged realist style

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Moderna Museet in Stockholm, Sweden: Socialist Realist Art Conference

3552:. Burns, Rob, 1949-. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 173. 2126: 2122: 2106: 2026: 1222: 1170: 1148: 1017: 790: 603: 298: 263: 202: 9559: 4992: 4469: 4392: 4345: 4217: 1765: 1464: 1140:

by Savchenko. Soviet politicians were the subjects in films such as

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Proletarian: art relevant to the workers and understandable to them.

46: 10783: 10445: 10340: 10126: 10116: 10064: 9754: 9213: 8965: 8642: 8060: 7999: 7920: 7868: 7799: 7712: 7633: 7585: 7451: 7436: 7293: 7231: 7163: 7057: 7042: 6716: 6630: 6620: 6608: 6352: 5815: 5512: 5452: 4916: 4111: 3447: 3370:"Art Acquired by Fugitive Russian Banker Discovered Outside Moscow" 3298: 3296: 2280:

Female Partisan in Battle, National History Museum, Tirana, Albania

2045:

movement, which began before 1917 and some of the most famous were

2015: 1740: 1383:(1938) portrays Soviet merchant seafarers being transformed by the 1133: 657: 4286:"The short life of the equal woman: by Christina Kiaer – Tate Etc" 11106: 10788: 10731: 9749: 7338: 7141: 7079: 6896: 6795: 6535: 6262: 6095: 5701: 5301: 5185: 4377:"All Stalin's Women: Gender and Power in Soviet Art of the 1930s" 2011: 1910: 775: 496: 420: 365: 278:

in 1934 as approved method for Soviet cultural production in all

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actions, emotions and events that are of significance to society

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Encyclopedia Britannica on-line definition of Socialist Realism

2356: 2022: 1704:; and in genre paintings by Andrey Milnikov, Yevsey Moiseenko, 1560: 1414: 1413:

created a series of monuments commemorating the victims of the

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applied socialist realism in their work. Notable films include

923: 823: 8560: 3664:"115 ani de la nașterea celebrei sculptoriţe Claudia Cobizev." 3188:

Subsidizing Culture: Taxpayer Enrichment of the Creative Class

2029:", which was used against peasant women and women in general. 1278:

is considered to be a classic of socialist realism. The novel

495:

Workers inspect architectural model under a statue of Stalin,

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Circle of Artists of the House of creativity «Staraya Ladoga»

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Socialist realism: Socialist in content, capitalist in price

3639:"Claudia Cobizev a făcut din schiţe adevărate opere de artă" 3623:"Particularităţile portretului în creaţia Claudiei Cobizev." 3154:""Надо прекословить!" М. Горький и создание Союза писателей" 3117: 3115: 2873: 2871: 2869: 2826: 2824: 2788: 2786: 2784: 2770: 2768: 2766: 2752: 2750: 482:

Partisan: supportive of the aims of the State and the Party.

9798: 8591: 7898: 6700: 4866: 4202:"The Peasant Woman in Stalinist Political Art of the 1930s" 4096:"The Representation of Women in Early Soviet Political Art" 2923: 1906: 819: 389: 206: 3773:

Art in the Soviet Union: Painting, Sculpture, Graphic Arts

3760:

Art in the Soviet Union: Painting, Sculpture, Graphic Arts

3519:"Bruno Apitz und sein Roman "Nackt unter Wölfen" | MDR.DE" 7889:

Art in the Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation

3112: 2866: 2821: 2781: 2763: 2747: 4718:

The Leningrad School of Painting. Essays on the History.

4251:

Lavery, Rena, Ivan Lindsay, and Katia Kapushesky. 2019.

1857:

Murals displaying the Marxist view of the press on this

1258:(1959). A large collection of his art is located in the 262:

that mandated an idealized representation of life under

27:

Soviet style of realistic art depicting communist values

8143:

Painters of the Leningrad Union of Artists of 1932-1991

4707:. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1960–1982. 4670:

Art under Socialist Realism: Soviet Painting, 1930–1950

4329:"The Avant-Gardist, the Male Genius and the Proprietor" 2469:

Demolition of monuments to Alexander Pushkin in Ukraine

1752:

that artists were finally freed from state censorship.

621:

After the death of Stalin in 1953, he was succeeded by

4802: 4619:

Bek, Mikuláš; Chew, Geoffrey; and Macel, Petr (eds.).

2125:" stereotype. However, the peasantry, still living in 2071:

Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia (AKhRR)

644:

Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia (AKhRR)

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nations, inspiring many artists. One such artist was

1016:. Folk and revolutionary songs influenced the Soviet 969:. Eisler's most important works include the cantatas 4735:

Las noches rusas y el origen del realismo socialista

2855: 2853: 2474:

Demolition of monuments to Vladimir Lenin in Ukraine

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One of the most famous authors during this time was

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The Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia (

4758:

Virtual Museum of Political Art – Socialist Realism

1548:flourished. In poetry, the non-traditional and the 672:

Studio of military artists named after M. B. Grekov

317:. Although related, it should not be confused with 71:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 4253:Soviet women and their art: the spirit of equality 3065: 3063: 2553: 1927:Socialist realism was the main art current in the 2850: 1179:(1953), which won the International Prize at the 629:", and thus began a reversal in policy known as " 11147: 2931:The Dictators: Hitler's Germany, Stalin's Russia 711:Studio of military artists was created in 1934. 4731:Origin of Socialist Realism in Russia and China 4649:Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School 4048:. Rebecca E. Karl, Xueping Zhong, 钟雪萍. Durham: 4011:. Rebecca E. Karl, Xueping Zhong, 钟雪萍. Durham: 3852:Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School 3394:"Lev Trotsky: Vodka, the Church and the Cinema" 3060: 1967:Talks at the Yan'an Forum on Art and Literature 476:Typical: scenes of everyday life of the people. 4720:St Petersburg, ARKA Gallery Publishing, 2019. 4691:Kunst als Botschafter einer künstlichen Nation 4595:. United States: Bold Type Books. p. 36. 3775:, p. 21 Aurora Art Publishers, Leningrad, 1978 3549:German cultural studies : an introduction 3191:. New York: Taylor & Francis. p. 98. 1972: 1210:Socialist realist art found acceptance in the 332:Socialist realism was the predominant form of 8576: 8076: 4978: 4788: 4701:"The Trial Begins" and "On Socialist Realism" 4315:Socialist Realisms: Soviet Painting 1920-1970 3804:R. H. Stacy, Russian Literary Criticism p191 3681:Socialist Realisms: Soviet Painting 1920–1970 3330:Socialist Realisms: Soviet Painting 1920–1970 3317:Socialist Realisms: Soviet Painting 1920–1970 3304:Socialist Realisms: Soviet Painting 1920–1970 3123:Socialist Realisms: Soviet Painting 1920–1970 2879:Socialist Realisms: Soviet Painting 1920–1970 2832:Socialist Realisms: Soviet Painting 1920–1970 2807:Socialist Realisms: Soviet Painting 1920–1970 2794:Socialist Realisms: Soviet Painting 1920–1970 2776:Socialist Realisms: Soviet Painting 1920–1970 2758:Socialist Realisms: Soviet Painting 1920–1970 2729:Socialist Realisms: Soviet Painting 1920–1970 2682: 2318:Socialist-Realist allegories surrounding the 1998:In the poster propaganda produced during the 572:numerous heroic portraits of Stalin to serve 4642:Soviet Socialist Realism: Origins and Theory 3762:, p 6 Aurora Art Publishers, Leningrad, 1978 3602:Sahitya Akademi: National Academy of Letters 847: 778:surrounded by sculptures of soldiers at the 297:It was usually characterized by unambiguous 4326: 3900: 3880:Wren, Christopher S. (September 16, 1974). 3400:, Routledge, pp. 116–118, 2012-10-12, 3071:"Socialist Realism – Concepts & Styles" 2863:. University of Illinois Press, 1988, p. 5 2650:The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 2622:. Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1971, p. 95. 2554:Elliott, David; Juszkiewicz, Piotr (2003). 1849:, as depicted on a monument erected in 1969 419:First Lenin statue built by the workers in 410: 395:Shortly after the Bolsheviks took control, 274:. The doctrine was first proclaimed by the 8583: 8569: 8083: 8069: 4985: 4971: 4795: 4781: 2933:. W. W. Norton & Company, 2004, p. 354 2895:. Purdue University Press. pp. 17–18. 258:was the official cultural doctrine of the 4593:Why Women Have Better Sex Under Socialism 4517: 4468: 4344: 4154:Australian and New Zealand Journal of Art 3969:Introduction of Socialist Self-Management 3272: 3245: 3218: 2861:Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture 2572:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t079464 2293:"WE WILL FULFILL THE PARTY'S COMMISSION!" 2096:Because the government had declared the " 1806:Learn how and when to remove this message 1505:Learn how and when to remove this message 1417:regime in the former concentration camps 898:Learn how and when to remove this message 479:Realistic: in the representational sense. 292:politically aligned with the Soviet Union 131:Learn how and when to remove this message 3433: 2890: 2454:Censorship of images in the Soviet Union 1986: 1918:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1852: 1836: 1817: 1592: 1516: 1435: 1114:by M. Kalatozov and the film version of 984:Closely associated with the rise of the 934: 909: 769: 583: 490: 414: 352: 4590: 4499: 4442: 4199: 4093: 3481:. CzeslawZnamierowski. 27 October 2013. 3367: 3252:. Verso Books. pp. 1283, 1360–61. 3225:. Verso Books. pp. 1283, 1360–61. 3184: 2968:Stegelbaum, Lewis and Sokolov, Andrei. 2643:"Socialist Realism and Literary Theory" 2620:Socialist Realism in Literature and Art 2320:Palace of Culture and Science in Warsaw 1321:, Aragon criticizes the penetration of 765: 286:, socialist realism was adopted by the 14: 11148: 7666:Contemporary Indigenous Australian art 4733:. Translation and revised version of " 4264: 3341:Juraga, Dubravka and Booker, Keith M. 2981:Juraga, Dubravka and Booker, Keith M. 2859:Nelson, Cary and Lawrence, Grossberg. 2843:Juraga, Dubravka and Booker, Keith M. 2640: 1982: 1929:People's Socialist Republic of Albania 1440:Cobizev featured on a stamp of Moldova 1151:of the 1940s and 1950s. These include 1147:Socialist realism was also applied to 8564: 8064: 5686:Art of the late 16th century in Milan 4966: 4776: 4644:. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1973. 4586: 4584: 4438: 4436: 4434: 4432: 4430: 4428: 4426: 4370: 4368: 4366: 4364: 4309: 4307: 4305: 4247: 4245: 4243: 4195: 4193: 4191: 4143: 4141: 4139: 4137: 4089: 4087: 4085: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4077: 4043: 4006: 3980: 3678: 3541: 3539: 3276:The Prophet: The Life of Leon Trotsky 3249:The Prophet: The Life of Leon Trotsky 3222:The Prophet: The Life of Leon Trotsky 3044:"Socialist Realism Movement Overview" 2972:. Yale University Press, 2004, p. 220 2907:"Socialist Realism Movement Overview" 2549: 2547: 2496:Museum of the Chinese Communist Party 1991:Portrait of Vladimir Lenin, 1949, by 1038:Hymn of Democratic Youth of the World 8395:House of creativity «Staraya Ladoga» 8090: 4540: 4374: 3879: 3332:. Skira Editore S.p.A., 2012, p. 223 3319:. Skira Editore S.p.A., 2012, p. 221 3306:. Skira Editore S.p.A., 2012, p. 218 2334:Stone as a Weapon of the Proletariat 2194:The death of the Political Commissar 1829:, mosaic (with metal addition) from 1788:adding citations to reliable sources 1759: 1487:adding citations to reliable sources 1458: 1004:. Notable songs from Russia include 880:adding citations to reliable sources 851: 675: 69:adding citations to reliable sources 40: 8229:Exhibition in Russian Museum (1960) 4753:Marxists.org Socialist Realism page 4651:. Saint Petersburg, NP-Print, 2007 3963:Library of Congress Country Studies 3826:Seventeen Moments in Soviet History 3656: 3615: 3545: 3273:Deutscher, Isaac (5 January 2015). 3246:Deutscher, Isaac (5 January 2015). 3219:Deutscher, Isaac (5 January 2015). 3172:Seventeen Moments in Soviet History 3125:. Skira Editore S.p.A., 2012, p. 35 2881:. Skira Editore S.p.A., 2012, p. 38 2834:. Skira Editore S.p.A., 2012, p. 37 2809:. Skira Editore S.p.A., 2012, p. 23 2796:. Skira Editore S.p.A., 2012, p. 22 2778:. Skira Editore S.p.A., 2012, p. 21 2760:. Skira Editore S.p.A., 2012, p. 17 2731:. Skira Editore S.p.A., 2012, p. 20 814:at the head of an Arts Department." 579: 24: 10923:List of American independent films 8344:Lyrical Themes in Postwar Painting 7021:Vienna School of Fantastic Realism 5872:Neoclassical architecture in Milan 4804:Russian art and literary movements 4613: 4581: 4423: 4361: 4327:Fredriksson, Martin (2007-05-01). 4302: 4277: 4240: 4188: 4147: 4134: 4074: 3882:"Russians Disrupt Modern Art Show" 3683:. Skira Editore S.p.A. p. 20. 3536: 3516: 2544: 1755: 1144:'s trilogy of movies about Lenin. 486: 309:, such as the emancipation of the 25: 11217: 7095:American Figurative Expressionism 5431:International Gothic art in Italy 4741: 4265:Larkin, Charlotte (17 Nov 2017). 3786:Russia Under the Bolshevik Regime 3740:Russia Under the Bolshevik Regime 3720:Russia Under the Bolshevik Regime 3020:"Definition of SOCIALIST REALISM" 2959:. Macmillan Company, 1972, p. 125 2618:Korin, Pavel, "Thoughts on Art", 1237:at the time, Znamierowski was of 1218:(23 May 1890 – 9 August 1977), a 715:The Union of Soviet Writers (USW) 11129: 11120: 11119: 8349:Painting of the Leningrad School 8334:Leningrad painting of 1950-1980s 8179:Exhibitions of Leningrad Artists 8124: 8045: 8044: 6604:Neue Künstlervereinigung München 4686:. New York: Hill and Wang, 1966. 4461:10.1111/j.1467-9434.2004.00313.x 4283: 3343:Socialist Cultures East and West 3093: 2983:Socialist Cultures East and West 2845:Socialist Cultures East and West 2427: 2405: 2390: 2371: 2345: 2326: 2311: 2285: 2273: 2254: 2238: 2219: 2201: 2182: 2166: 2150: 1764: 1463: 856: 780:Soviet Military Cemetery, Warsaw 679: 518:(idea and ideological content), 392:and the rise of the Bolsheviks. 334:approved art in the Soviet Union 276:First Congress of Soviet Writers 177: 166: 155: 45: 8590: 8339:Etude in Painting of 1940-1980s 8309:Portrait of Contemporary (1976) 8214:All-Union Art Exhibition (1957) 7526:Tunisian collaborative painting 6999:International Typographic Style 4534: 4493: 4320: 4258: 4037: 4000: 3974: 3956: 3925: 3873: 3844: 3814: 3798: 3778: 3765: 3752: 3732: 3709: 3700: 3687: 3672: 3631: 3590: 3574: 3510: 3485: 3471: 3462: 3427: 3386: 3361: 3348: 3335: 3322: 3309: 3266: 3239: 3212: 3178: 3160: 3146: 3128: 3087: 3036: 3012: 2988: 2975: 2962: 2949: 2936: 2899: 2884: 2837: 2812: 2799: 2662:10.1111/1540_6245.jaac38.2.0121 1775:needs additional citations for 1474:needs additional citations for 1454: 867:needs additional citations for 56:needs additional citations for 11201:Propaganda in the Soviet Union 11196:Censorship in the Soviet Union 8444:Portrait of Catherine Balebina 7279:The Caribbean Artists Movement 4206:The American Historical Review 4166:10.1080/14434318.2004.11432735 4148:Dr, Pat Simpson (2004-01-01). 3185:Bennett, James (5 July 2017). 3096:"Socialist realism – Art Term" 2946:. Kennikat Press, 1980, p. 110 2734: 2721: 2712: 2683:Stefan Baghiu (January 2016). 2676: 2634: 2625: 2612: 2602:"Socialist Realism | art" 2594: 2506:Propaganda in the Soviet Union 348: 13: 1: 8524:Still life with Pussy-Willows 8492:Portrait of Yevgeny Mravinsky 8314:Fine Arts of Leningrad (1976) 8249:"Leningrad" Exhibition (1964) 8209:Anniversary Exhibition (1957) 5635:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance 4763:Research Guide to Russian Art 4200:Bonnell, Victoria E. (1993). 4094:Bonnell, Victoria E. (1991). 3587:as the first Socrealist novel 3368:Solomon, Tessa (2019-11-11). 3279:. Verso Books. p. 1476. 2537: 2247:Trumpeter and standard-bearer 2076: 1404: 1317:. In the collection of poems 1265: 8111:Leningrad School of Painting 7750:Modern European ink painting 7122:Bay Area Figurative Movement 3981:Gaunt, Jeremy (9 May 2017). 3697:, London 1965, vol.1, p.196. 3695:Painting in the 20th century 3598:"Akademi Awards (1955-2020)" 3358:. Kennikat Press, 1980, p. 4 3168:"Gorky on Soviet Literature" 2516:Socialist realism in Romania 2414:Marszałkowska Street, Warsaw 2399:Marszałkowska Street, Warsaw 2304: 2105:associations in government ( 1205:Fyodor Pavlovich Reshetnikov 1186: 338:collapse of the Soviet Union 323:"realism" in the visual arts 7: 8294:Exhibition of Eleven (1972) 7411:Artificial intelligence art 4621:Socialist Realism and Music 2891:Tompkins, David G. (2013). 2511:Socialist realism in Poland 2420: 2175:Lenin Assassination Attempt 2143: 2018:, and more sexual freedom. 1973:Gender in socialist realism 1889:engineers of the human soul 1867:Socialist realism in Poland 1537:for more than fifty years. 1233:, which formed part of the 988:was the development of the 723:was partially initiated by 656:and carried favor with the 10: 11222: 10814:Classical Hollywood cinema 10003:Commedia sexy all'italiana 8911:Exploitation film template 8855:Commedia sexy all'italiana 8486:(by Alexander Samokhvalov) 8422:(by Alexander Samokhvalov) 8329:Regional Exhibition (1980) 8148:Leningrad Union of Artists 7324:Post-painterly abstraction 7147:Situationist International 6521:Pennsylvania Impressionism 4830:Second Russian Avant-Garde 4559:10.1007/s11059-019-00487-0 4267:"Women of the Avant-Garde" 3908:"Социалистический реализм" 2970:Stalinism As A Way Of Life 2641:Morson, Gary Saul (1979). 2464:Derussification in Ukraine 2364: 1864: 1362:How the Steel Was Tempered 1319:A Knife in the Heart Again 444:Great Russian Encyclopedia 343: 29: 11115: 10718: 10636: 10381:German underground horror 10336:Documentary Film Movement 10244:American eccentric cinema 10229: 9475: 8601: 8500:Russian Winter. Hoarfrost 8462:(by Vladimir Ovchinnikov) 8403: 8367: 8319:Art belongs People (1977) 8171: 8133: 8122: 8098: 8040: 7844: 7609: 7419: 7199: 6991: 6975: 6907:California Scene Painting 6786:California Scene Painting 6742:Figurative Constructivism 6654: 6459: 6238: 6227: 6057: 5994: 5887: 5803: 5793:Poussinists and Rubenists 5694: 5498: 5231: 5031: 5022: 5009: 4810: 4591:Ghodsee, Kristen (2018). 4541:Quan, Hong (2019-12-01). 3822:"1934: Writers' Congress" 3645:(in Romanian). 2022-01-05 2268:, 145 x 250 cm, 1955 1063:Orthodox Church in Russia 1006:Boldly, Comrades, in Step 848:Notable works and artists 399:was appointed as head of 307:Marxist–Leninist ideology 284:aftermath of World War II 239: 229: 221: 148: 8380:Tavricheskaya Art School 8354:Still life of 1950-1990s 8324:Autumn Exhibition (1978) 8299:By native country (1972) 8274:Spring Exhibition (1969) 8269:Autumn Exhibition (1968) 8254:Spring Exhibition (1965) 8244:Autumn Exhibition (1962) 8219:Autumn Exhibition (1958) 8204:Autumn Exhibition (1956) 8199:Spring Exhibition (1955) 8194:Spring Exhibition (1954) 8005:Prehistoric European art 7654:Contemporary African art 7137:Gendai Bijutsu Kondankai 7065:Generación de la Ruptura 6692:Universal Constructivism 6484:California Impressionism 6439:American Barbizon school 3406:10.4324/9780203059920-29 2893:Composing the Party Line 2137:Worker and Kolkhoz Woman 1938: 1750:fall of the Soviet Union 1529:In conjunction with the 1256:In Klaipeda Fishing Port 1248:Panorama of Vilnius City 1227:Honorable Artist of LSSR 1181:7th Cannes Film Festival 1167:1st Cannes Film Festival 959:Song of the United Front 930: 411:Debate within Soviet art 376:include the work of the 327:idealized Soviet society 30:Not to be confused with 10316:Cinema of Transgression 9450:Cinema of Transgression 8510:(by Alexander Semionov) 8375:Repin Institute of Arts 8304:Our Contemporary (1975) 8289:Our Contemporary (1972) 8284:Our Contemporary (1971) 7832:Walking Artists Network 7169:Letterist International 7009:Washington Color School 5923:Arts in the Philippines 4519:10.1111/1467-8365.00105 4375:Reid, Susan E. (1998). 4052:. pp. xiii–xviii. 4044:Cai, Xiang; 蔡翔 (2016). 4007:Cai, Xiang; 蔡翔 (2016). 3669:1 (AV) (2020): 175-176. 3628:1 (AV) (2015): 150-156. 3024:www.merriam-webster.com 2606:Encyclopedia Britannica 2564:Oxford University Press 1977: 1325:into Europe. The novel 1052: 920:Treptower Park Memorial 914:"Soldier-Liberator" by 721:Union of Soviet Writers 574:his cult of personality 449:Union of Soviet Writers 359:Der Weg der Roten Fahne 191:Portrait of J.V. Stalin 11176:Realism (art movement) 10536:The Prague film school 10401:Hollywood on the Tiber 8550:(by Yevsey Moiseyenko) 8508:Malaya Sadovaya street 8478:(by Yevsey Moiseyenko) 8385:Vera Mukhina Institute 7943:Illuminated manuscript 7591:The Designers Republic 7541:Neue Slowenische Kunst 7464:Pattern and Decoration 7364:Institutional critique 7004:Abstract expressionism 5984:Latin American Baroque 5940:Colonial Asian Baroque 4689:Saehrendt, Christian. 4637:, HarperCollins, 1990. 3679:Ellis, Andrew (2012). 3479:"Czeslaw Znamierowski" 3354:Schwartz, Lawrence H. 2942:Schwartz, Lawrence H. 2740:Valkenier, Elizabeth. 2700:Cite journal requires 2444:Brutalist architecture 2159:Pioneer-girl with book 2102:sexual objectification 1995: 1862: 1850: 1834: 1605: 1588:proletarian literature 1526: 1441: 1280:Ditte, Daughter of Man 1161:(1946), which won the 947: 927: 816: 782: 746: 592: 504: 423: 369: 11206:Russian art movements 10391:Grupo Cine Liberación 10331:Czechoslovak New Wave 10326:Commedia all'italiana 8673:Commedia all'italiana 8542:(by Evgenia Antipova) 8470:(by Nikolai Pozdneev) 8414:(by Nikolai Baskakov) 8106:Fine Art of Leningrad 7581:Artist-run initiative 7556:Young British Artists 7521:New European Painting 7457:Moscow Conceptualists 7379:Feminist art movement 7157:Ukrainian underground 7132:Gutai Art Association 6531:Ten American Painters 6035:Western influence in 5012:List of art movements 4922:Russian postmodernism 4500:Simpson, Pat (1998). 4443:Simpson, Pat (2004). 4317:(pp. 183-189). Skira. 4050:Duke University Press 4013:Duke University Press 3345:. Praeger, 2002, p.12 2985:. Praeger, 2002, p.45 2847:. Praeger, 2002, p.68 2501:New Moscow (painting) 2481:Fine Art of Leningrad 1990: 1909:, and to some extent 1865:Further information: 1856: 1840: 1821: 1615:counter-revolutionary 1596: 1586:'s arguments that a " 1520: 1439: 1401:) for the year 2012. 1385:Stakhanovite movement 1260:Lithuanian Art Museum 1100:We are from Kronstadt 1010:Workers' Marseillaise 963:Song of the Comintern 938: 913: 796: 773: 741: 666:USSR Union of Artists 587: 494: 418: 382:Ilya Yefimovich Repin 356: 10918:Guerrilla filmmaking 10581:Kitchen sink realism 10466:New French Extremity 10376:German Expressionist 10284:Kitchen sink realism 10149:Contemporary Western 9929:Environmental issues 9460:New French Extremity 9418:New French Extremity 9243:Softcore pornography 9238:Hardcore pornography 9105:New French Extremity 8460:Spring is on the way 8390:Secondary Art School 8359:In Memory of Teacher 8264:Soviet Russia (1967) 8259:Soviet Russia (1965) 8234:Soviet Russia (1960) 7391:Saqqakhaneh movement 7284:Chicano art movement 7152:Soviet Nonconformist 6958:Boston Expressionism 6941:Abstraction-Création 6759:Arbeitsrat für Kunst 6752:Cologne Progressives 6472:Art Nouveau in Milan 6275:Anglo-Japanese style 6251:National romanticism 5681:Fontainebleau School 5591:Northern Renaissance 5426:International Gothic 4937:Soviet nonconformism 3854:, : pp. 29, 32–340. 2744:. Ardis, 1977, p. 3. 2382:, the birthplace of 2266:Czeslaw Znamierowski 1993:Czeslaw Znamierowski 1950:Virgin Soil Upturned 1784:improve this article 1733:Bulldozer Exhibition 1690:Vladimir Ovchinnikov 1664:, Semion Rotnitsky, 1552:were often praised. 1483:improve this article 1343:On Socialist Realism 1323:American imperialism 1276:Pelle, the Conqueror 1271:Martin Andersen Nexø 1216:Czeslaw Znamierowski 1068:In the early 1930s, 1025:Song of the Homeland 1001:Whirlwinds of Danger 876:improve this article 808:glorify the "Leader" 785:Stalin's adversary, 766:Reception and impact 514:(party-mindedness), 458:Literaturnaya Gazeta 65:improve this article 10654:Children and family 10628:Yugoslav Black Wave 10501:Nuevo Cine Mexicano 10386:Nigerian Golden Age 10351:European art cinema 10254:Australian New Wave 8526:(by Taisia Afonina) 8502:(by Nikolai Timkov) 8430:(by Victor Teterin) 7926:Hierarchy of genres 7491:Saint Soleil School 7427:Post-conceptual art 7396:The Stars Art Group 7274:Black Arts Movement 7237:Neo-Dada Organizers 7038:Lyrical abstraction 6771:Australian tonalism 6444:California Tonalism 6116:Hudson River School 5919:Colonial Asian art 5659:English Renaissance 5608:Ghent–Bruges school 5596:Early Netherlandish 5508:Italian Renaissance 5421:Gothic art in Milan 4825:Russian avant-garde 4682:Rideout, Walter B. 4640:James, C. Vaughan. 3771:Oleg Sopontsinsky, 3758:Oleg Sopontsinsky, 3546:Rob, Burns (1995). 3356:Marxism and Culture 2944:Marxism and Culture 2742:Russian Realist Art 2556:"Socialist Realism" 2459:Communist symbolism 2435:Soviet Union portal 2190:Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin 2114:cult of personality 1983:Early Soviet period 1965:'s 1942 lectures, " 1672:; in landscapes by 1580:propaganda purposes 1572:Proletarian culture 1531:Socialist Classical 1372:The Road to Calvary 1130:Minin and Pozharsky 975:Serenade of the Age 436:New Economic Policy 397:Anatoly Lunacharsky 315:classical sculpture 234:Socialist countries 145: 80:"Socialist realism" 10952:Major film studios 10546:Pure Film Movement 10526:Polish Film School 10426:Italian neorealist 10406:Hong Kong New Wave 10008:Mexican sex comedy 9065:German underground 8518:(by Sergei Osipov) 8454:(by Rudolf Frentz) 8438:(by Sergei Osipov) 8279:Exhibition of 1970 8239:Exhibition of 1961 8224:Exhibition of 1960 8189:Exhibition of 1951 8184:Exhibition of 1950 7968:Landscape painting 7576:New Leipzig School 7516:Neo-conceptual art 7264:Art & Language 7259:Capitalist realism 7181:Florida Highwaymen 7117:Hard-edge painting 6931:Streamline Moderne 6892:Harlem Renaissance 6735:Novecento Italiano 6563:Deutscher Werkbund 6390:Post-Impressionism 5952:Latin American art 5756:Guild of Romanists 5618:German Renaissance 5613:Northern Mannerism 4633:Golomstock, Igor. 4449:The Russian Review 4100:The Russian Review 3887:The New York Times 3850:Sergei V. Ivanov, 3832:on 8 December 2013 3662:Malcoci, Vitalie. 3174:. August 15, 2015. 2957:The Russian Artist 2521:Soviet-era statues 2449:Capitalist realism 2359:-Letná (1955–1962) 2173:Vladimir Pchelin, 2067:Nadezhda Udaltsova 2051:Natalia Goncharova 1996: 1863: 1851: 1835: 1706:Mikhail Natarevich 1694:Alexander Semionov 1658:Samuil Nevelshtein 1606: 1567:Alexander Bogdanov 1527: 1449:Cap de moldoveancă 1442: 1415:National Socialist 1299:Nackt unter Wölfen 1138:Bogdan Khmelnitsky 1098:by Dovzhenko, and 1081:The Youth of Maxim 995:The Internationale 990:revolutionary song 955:Song of Solidarity 948: 928: 826:'s death in 1953, 783: 691:. You can help by 593: 505: 424: 370: 143: 11156:Socialist realism 11143: 11142: 11082:Socialist realist 10794:Behind-the-scenes 10571:Socialist realist 10566:Spaghetti Western 10556:Romanian New Wave 10431:Japanese New Wave 10097:Sword and sorcery 10013:Nazi exploitation 9595:Mumbai underworld 9351:Planetary romance 8558: 8557: 8534:(by Gleb Savinov) 8428:Quince and Teapot 8058: 8057: 7840: 7839: 7696:Corporate Memphis 7649:Classical Realism 7619:Amazonian pop art 7511:Appropriation art 7479:Neo-expressionism 7349:Environmental art 7254:Nouvelle tendance 6971: 6970: 6919:Socialist realism 6776:Dresden Secession 6395:Neo-Impressionism 6358:Decadent movement 6329:Heidelberg School 6223: 6222: 6121:American luminism 6106:Düsseldorf School 6101:Shoreham Ancients 6091:Nazarene movement 6081:Danish Golden Age 5962:Indochristian art 5640:Antwerp Mannerism 5529:Pittura infamante 5523:Florentine School 5518:Proto-Renaissance 4960: 4959: 4932:Socialist realism 4927:Russian symbolism 4899:New Peasant Poets 4815:Abramtsevo Colony 4726:978-5-6042574-2-5 4697:Sinyavsky, Andrei 4668:Prokhorov, Gleb. 4657:978-5-901724-21-7 4059:978-0-8223-7461-9 4022:978-0-8223-7461-9 4015:. pp. xvii. 3868:978-5-901724-21-7 3794:978-0-394-50242-7 3748:978-0-394-50242-7 3728:978-0-394-50242-7 3693:Werner Haftmann, 3415:978-0-203-05992-0 3286:978-1-78168-721-5 3259:978-1-78168-721-5 3232:978-1-78168-721-5 2581:978-1-884446-05-4 2560:Oxford Art Online 2491:Lenin's Mausoleum 2245:Mitrofan Grekov, 2059:Varvara Stepanova 2000:Russian Civil War 1922:Tito–Stalin split 1847:the flood of 1954 1816: 1815: 1808: 1737:Mikhail Gorbachev 1662:Victor Oreshnikov 1515: 1514: 1507: 1357:Nikolai Ostrovsky 1315:The Communist Man 1229:in 1965. Born in 1193:Aleksandr Deineka 1176:Two Acres of Land 1086:Grigori Kozintsev 1070:Soviet filmmakers 967:Requiem for Lenin 916:Yevgeny Vuchetich 908: 907: 900: 828:Nikita Khrushchev 750:Alexander Fadeyev 709: 708: 631:Khrushchev's Thaw 623:Nikita Khrushchev 616:Socialist Realism 522:(class content), 441:According to the 428:Russian Futurists 256:Socialist realism 253: 252: 197:(1933); Mural in 144:Socialist realism 141: 140: 133: 115: 18:Socialist realist 16:(Redirected from 11213: 11133: 11123: 11122: 11102:Vulgar auteurism 10930:Interstitial art 10908:Hyperlink cinema 10623:Vulgar auteurism 10618:Toronto New Wave 10608:Telefoni Bianchi 10603:Sword-and-sandal 10421:Italian futurist 10416:Iranian New Wave 10279:British New Wave 10092:Sword-and-sandal 9973:Rape and revenge 9914:Mouth of Garbage 9760:Tentacle erotica 9708:Goona-goona epic 9688:Extraterrestrial 9575:Heroic bloodshed 9209:Occult detective 9040:Christmas horror 8892:Sword-and-sandal 8624:Hong Kong action 8619:Heroic bloodshed 8585: 8578: 8571: 8562: 8561: 8476:Mothers, Sisters 8412:Lenin in Kremlin 8128: 8099:Related articles 8092:Art of Leningrad 8085: 8078: 8071: 8062: 8061: 8048: 8047: 8032:Western painting 7978:Modern sculpture 7936:History painting 7639:Art intervention 7432:Installation art 7249:Nouveau réalisme 6989: 6988: 6963:Leningrad School 6855:Mexican muralism 6828:Grosvenor School 6568:American Realism 6551:Der Blaue Reiter 6509:Berlin Secession 6504:Vienna Secession 6499:Munich Secession 6417:Pont-Aven School 6236: 6235: 6086:Troubadour style 6064:(c. 1770 – 1862) 6031:Qing handicrafts 5997:Western elements 5928:Letras y figuras 5901:African-American 5896:African diaspora 5867:Directoire style 5778:Heptanese school 5761:Dutch Golden Age 5746:Stroganov School 5739:Lutheran Baroque 5734:Louis XIII style 5707:Baroque in Milan 5569:Bolognese School 5564:High Renaissance 5547:Forlivese School 5542:Ferrarese School 5265:Migration Period 5029: 5028: 4987: 4980: 4973: 4964: 4963: 4942:Stroganov School 4879:Lieutenant Prose 4852:Russian Futurism 4797: 4790: 4783: 4774: 4773: 4647:Ivanov, Sergei. 4607: 4606: 4588: 4579: 4578: 4538: 4532: 4531: 4521: 4497: 4491: 4490: 4472: 4440: 4421: 4420: 4372: 4359: 4358: 4348: 4324: 4318: 4311: 4300: 4299: 4297: 4296: 4281: 4275: 4274: 4262: 4256: 4249: 4238: 4237: 4197: 4186: 4185: 4145: 4132: 4131: 4091: 4072: 4071: 4041: 4035: 4034: 4004: 3998: 3997: 3995: 3993: 3978: 3972: 3960: 3954: 3953: 3951: 3950: 3944: 3938:. 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Tachanka. 1924 580:Important groups 554:Georgi Plekhanov 526:(truthfulness). 434:'s rule and the 305:relating to the 288:communist states 181: 170: 159: 146: 142: 136: 129: 125: 122: 116: 114: 73: 49: 41: 21: 11221: 11220: 11216: 11215: 11214: 11212: 11211: 11210: 11191:Soviet painters 11146: 11145: 11144: 11139: 11111: 11052:Semidocumentary 10977:Minimalist film 10967:Message picture 10962:Maximalist film 10856:Database cinema 10839:Computer screen 10799:Black-and-white 10724: 10722: 10720: 10714: 10632: 10588:Soviet parallel 10511:Parallel cinema 10506:Pan-Indian film 10436:Kammerspielfilm 10371:French New Wave 10291:Budapest school 10274:Brighton School 10249:New Objectivity 10231: 10225: 10194:Science fiction 9826:Bruceploitation 9735:Girls with guns 9681:Turksploitation 9555:Gentleman thief 9471: 9306:Science fiction 9152:Minimalist film 9147:Maximalist film 9125:Science fiction 9085:Japanese horror 8882:Social guidance 8597: 8589: 8559: 8554: 8532:Nevsky Prospekt 8494:(by Lev Russov) 8446:(by Lev Russov) 8436:House with Arch 8399: 8363: 8167: 8129: 8120: 8094: 8089: 8059: 8054: 8036: 7953:Interactive art 7836: 7810:SoFlo Superflat 7735:Kitsch movement 7659:Africanfuturism 7611: 7605: 7484:Transavantgarde 7415: 7369:Light and Space 7354:Performance art 7334:Psychedelic art 7217:Nueva Presencia 7207:Otra Figuración 7195: 7127:Les Plasticiens 7112:New York School 7090:Action painting 7075:Metcalf Chateau 6984: 6979: 6967: 6887:Cercle et Carré 6823:New Objectivity 6730:Return to order 6672:School of Paris 6650: 6494:School of Paris 6455: 6341:Arts and Crafts 6246:Neo-romanticism 6231: 6219: 6215:Etching revival 6167:Barbizon school 6111:Pre-Raphaelites 6063: 6060: 6053: 5996: 5990: 5883: 5857:Louis XVI style 5799: 5788:Louis XIV style 5751:Animal painting 5712:Flemish Baroque 5690: 5601:World landscape 5552:Venetian School 5494: 5481:Majorcan school 5448:Novgorod School 5438:Lucchese School 5410:Opus Anglicanum 5402:Norman-Sicilian 5346:Italo-Byzantine 5246:Early Christian 5227: 5211:Pompeian Styles 5024: 5018: 5005: 4991: 4961: 4956: 4806: 4801: 4744: 4616: 4614:Further reading 4611: 4610: 4603: 4589: 4582: 4539: 4535: 4498: 4494: 4441: 4424: 4393:10.2307/2502056 4373: 4362: 4346:10.7557/13.1785 4339:(21): 275–284. 4325: 4321: 4312: 4303: 4294: 4292: 4282: 4278: 4263: 4259: 4250: 4241: 4218:10.2307/2166382 4198: 4189: 4146: 4135: 4092: 4075: 4060: 4042: 4038: 4023: 4005: 4001: 3991: 3989: 3979: 3975: 3961: 3957: 3948: 3946: 3942: 3935: 3931: 3930: 3926: 3917: 3915: 3906: 3905: 3901: 3892: 3890: 3878: 3874: 3849: 3845: 3835: 3833: 3820: 3819: 3815: 3803: 3799: 3784:Richard Pipes, 3783: 3779: 3770: 3766: 3757: 3753: 3738:Richard Pipes, 3737: 3733: 3714: 3710: 3705: 3701: 3692: 3688: 3677: 3673: 3661: 3657: 3648: 3646: 3637: 3636: 3632: 3620: 3616: 3606: 3604: 3596: 3595: 3591: 3579: 3575: 3560: 3544: 3537: 3528: 3526: 3515: 3511: 3502: 3500: 3491: 3490: 3486: 3477: 3476: 3472: 3467: 3463: 3432: 3428: 3420: 3418: 3416: 3392: 3391: 3387: 3378: 3376: 3366: 3362: 3353: 3349: 3340: 3336: 3327: 3323: 3314: 3310: 3301: 3294: 3287: 3271: 3267: 3260: 3244: 3240: 3233: 3217: 3213: 3203: 3201: 3199: 3183: 3179: 3166: 3165: 3161: 3152: 3151: 3147: 3134: 3133: 3129: 3121:Ellis, Andrew. 3120: 3113: 3104: 3102: 3092: 3088: 3079: 3077: 3069: 3068: 3061: 3052: 3050: 3042: 3041: 3037: 3028: 3026: 3018: 3017: 3013: 3004: 3002: 2994: 2993: 2989: 2980: 2976: 2967: 2963: 2954: 2950: 2941: 2937: 2928: 2924: 2915: 2913: 2905: 2904: 2900: 2889: 2885: 2877:Ellis, Andrew. 2876: 2867: 2858: 2851: 2842: 2838: 2830:Ellis, Andrew. 2829: 2822: 2817: 2813: 2805:Ellis, Andrew. 2804: 2800: 2792:Ellis, Andrew. 2791: 2782: 2774:Ellis, Andrew. 2773: 2764: 2756:Ellis, Andrew. 2755: 2748: 2739: 2735: 2727:Ellis, Andrew. 2726: 2722: 2717: 2713: 2701: 2699: 2690: 2689: 2681: 2677: 2645: 2639: 2635: 2630: 2626: 2617: 2613: 2600: 2599: 2595: 2586: 2584: 2582: 2552: 2545: 2540: 2535: 2433: 2428: 2426: 2423: 2416: 2410: 2401: 2395: 2386: 2376: 2367: 2360: 2353:Stalin Monument 2350: 2341: 2331: 2322: 2316: 2307: 2300: 2297:Igor Berezovsky 2290: 2281: 2278: 2269: 2259: 2250: 2243: 2234: 2224: 2215: 2209:Sergey Malyutin 2206: 2197: 2187: 2178: 2171: 2162: 2155: 2146: 2079: 2047:Alexandra Exter 1985: 1980: 1975: 1941: 1878:Johannes Becher 1869: 1812: 1801: 1795: 1792: 1781: 1769: 1758: 1756:Other countries 1739:'s policies of 1710:Yuri Neprintsev 1698:Arseny Semionov 1650:Felix Lembersky 1631:genre paintings 1511: 1500: 1494: 1491: 1480: 1468: 1457: 1445:Claudia Cobizev 1407: 1367:Aleksey Tolstoy 1268: 1189: 1112:Valerii Chkalov 1090:Leonid Trauberg 1055: 971:German Symphony 944:Lenin in Smolny 933: 904: 893: 887: 884: 873: 861: 850: 841:totalitarianism 768: 759:The Young Guard 733:Boris Pasternak 717: 705: 699: 696: 689:needs expansion 674: 646: 635:Leonid Brezhnev 608:Antoine Pevsner 589:Mitrofan Grekov 582: 489: 487:Characteristics 413: 351: 346: 217: 213:station in the 189:Top to bottom: 187: 186: 185: 184: 183: 182: 173: 172: 171: 162: 161: 160: 137: 126: 120: 117: 74: 72: 62: 50: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11219: 11209: 11208: 11203: 11198: 11193: 11188: 11186:Propaganda art 11183: 11178: 11173: 11168: 11163: 11158: 11141: 11140: 11138: 11137: 11127: 11116: 11113: 11112: 11110: 11109: 11104: 11099: 11094: 11089: 11084: 11079: 11074: 11069: 11064: 11059: 11054: 11049: 11044: 11039: 11037:Reverse motion 11034: 11029: 11024: 11019: 11014: 11009: 11004: 10999: 10994: 10989: 10987:Modernist film 10984: 10979: 10974: 10969: 10964: 10959: 10954: 10949: 10944: 10943: 10942: 10932: 10927: 10926: 10925: 10920: 10910: 10905: 10900: 10895: 10890: 10885: 10880: 10879: 10878: 10868: 10863: 10858: 10853: 10852: 10851: 10849:midnight movie 10841: 10836: 10831: 10826: 10821: 10816: 10811: 10806: 10801: 10796: 10791: 10786: 10781: 10776: 10775: 10774: 10769: 10764: 10759: 10754: 10749: 10739: 10734: 10728: 10726: 10716: 10715: 10713: 10712: 10711: 10710: 10705: 10695: 10694: 10693: 10688: 10678: 10677: 10676: 10671: 10663: 10662: 10661: 10651: 10646: 10640: 10638: 10637:By demographic 10634: 10633: 10631: 10630: 10625: 10620: 10615: 10610: 10605: 10600: 10595: 10590: 10585: 10584: 10583: 10576:Social realist 10573: 10568: 10563: 10558: 10553: 10548: 10543: 10538: 10533: 10531:Poliziotteschi 10528: 10523: 10521:Poetic realist 10518: 10513: 10508: 10503: 10498: 10493: 10488: 10483: 10478: 10476:New generation 10473: 10468: 10463: 10458: 10453: 10451:Modernist film 10448: 10443: 10441:L.A. Rebellion 10438: 10433: 10428: 10423: 10418: 10413: 10408: 10403: 10398: 10393: 10388: 10383: 10378: 10373: 10368: 10363: 10358: 10353: 10348: 10343: 10338: 10333: 10328: 10323: 10318: 10313: 10308: 10306:Cinéma du look 10303: 10298: 10293: 10288: 10287: 10286: 10276: 10271: 10266: 10261: 10256: 10251: 10246: 10241: 10235: 10233: 10227: 10226: 10224: 10223: 10222: 10221: 10219:Zapata Western 10216: 10211: 10206: 10201: 10199:Singing cowboy 10196: 10191: 10186: 10181: 10176: 10171: 10166: 10161: 10156: 10154:Dacoit Western 10151: 10146: 10136: 10135: 10134: 10129: 10124: 10114: 10109: 10104: 10099: 10094: 10089: 10084: 10079: 10074: 10073: 10072: 10062: 10057: 10052: 10047: 10042: 10037: 10035:Shoshimin-eiga 10032: 10031: 10030: 10025: 10023:Nunsploitation 10020: 10018:Pornochanchada 10015: 10010: 10005: 10000: 9990: 9985: 9980: 9975: 9970: 9965: 9964: 9963: 9953: 9948: 9943: 9938: 9933: 9932: 9931: 9921: 9916: 9911: 9906: 9905: 9904: 9903: 9902: 9892: 9887: 9882: 9877: 9867: 9866: 9865: 9855: 9854: 9853: 9848: 9843: 9838: 9833: 9828: 9818: 9813: 9808: 9807: 9806: 9801: 9791: 9786: 9785: 9784: 9774: 9769: 9764: 9763: 9762: 9757: 9752: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9731: 9730: 9725: 9720: 9710: 9705: 9700: 9695: 9693:Food and drink 9690: 9685: 9684: 9683: 9678: 9673: 9671:Blaxploitation 9663: 9658: 9653: 9648: 9643: 9642: 9641: 9636: 9626: 9625: 9624: 9614: 9609: 9608: 9607: 9602: 9600:Poliziotteschi 9597: 9592: 9587: 9582: 9577: 9572: 9567: 9562: 9557: 9552: 9547: 9537: 9532: 9527: 9522: 9517: 9512: 9511: 9510: 9505: 9495: 9490: 9485: 9479: 9477: 9473: 9472: 9470: 9469: 9464: 9463: 9462: 9457: 9455:Extreme cinema 9452: 9442: 9441: 9440: 9435: 9430: 9425: 9420: 9415: 9410: 9405: 9400: 9395: 9385: 9380: 9375: 9374: 9373: 9368: 9363: 9358: 9353: 9348: 9343: 9338: 9333: 9328: 9323: 9318: 9313: 9303: 9302: 9301: 9296: 9291: 9286: 9281: 9280: 9279: 9264: 9259: 9254: 9253: 9252: 9245: 9240: 9230: 9225: 9224: 9223: 9218: 9217: 9216: 9211: 9196: 9195: 9194: 9189: 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9159: 9154: 9149: 9144: 9143: 9142: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9102: 9097: 9092: 9087: 9082: 9077: 9072: 9067: 9062: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9037: 9035:Chinese horror 9032: 9027: 9022: 9012: 9011: 9010: 9005: 9000: 8995: 8990: 8980: 8979: 8978: 8973: 8968: 8958: 8957: 8956: 8951: 8946: 8941: 8936: 8931: 8926: 8916: 8915: 8914: 8901: 8896: 8895: 8894: 8884: 8879: 8874: 8873: 8872: 8867: 8862: 8857: 8847: 8846: 8845: 8844: 8843: 8833: 8828: 8823: 8818: 8808: 8807: 8806: 8801: 8796: 8791: 8786: 8781: 8776: 8771: 8766: 8756: 8755: 8754: 8744: 8743: 8742: 8737: 8732: 8727: 8722: 8717: 8712: 8707: 8702: 8697: 8692: 8687: 8682: 8681: 8680: 8670: 8665: 8655: 8650: 8645: 8640: 8639: 8638: 8628: 8627: 8626: 8621: 8616: 8605: 8603: 8599: 8598: 8588: 8587: 8580: 8573: 8565: 8556: 8555: 8553: 8552: 8544: 8536: 8528: 8520: 8512: 8504: 8496: 8488: 8480: 8472: 8464: 8456: 8448: 8440: 8432: 8424: 8416: 8407: 8405: 8401: 8400: 8398: 8397: 8392: 8387: 8382: 8377: 8371: 8369: 8365: 8364: 8362: 8361: 8356: 8351: 8346: 8341: 8336: 8331: 8326: 8321: 8316: 8311: 8306: 8301: 8296: 8291: 8286: 8281: 8276: 8271: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8236: 8231: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8201: 8196: 8191: 8186: 8181: 8175: 8173: 8169: 8168: 8166: 8165: 8160: 8155: 8150: 8145: 8139: 8137: 8131: 8130: 8123: 8121: 8119: 8118: 8113: 8108: 8102: 8100: 8096: 8095: 8088: 8087: 8080: 8073: 8065: 8056: 8055: 8053: 8052: 8041: 8038: 8037: 8035: 8034: 8029: 8022: 8017: 8012: 8007: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7987: 7986: 7985: 7983:Late modernism 7980: 7970: 7965: 7960: 7955: 7950: 7945: 7940: 7939: 7938: 7933: 7931:Genre painting 7923: 7918: 7913: 7908: 7907: 7906: 7901: 7896: 7891: 7881: 7879:Ballets Russes 7876: 7871: 7866: 7865: 7864: 7862:Asemic writing 7854: 7852:History of art 7848: 7846: 7845:Related topics 7842: 7841: 7838: 7837: 7835: 7834: 7829: 7824: 7819: 7818: 7817: 7812: 7802: 7797: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7780:Relational art 7777: 7772: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7747: 7742: 7737: 7732: 7727: 7726: 7725: 7715: 7710: 7705: 7703:Hypermodernism 7700: 7699: 7698: 7688: 7683: 7678: 7673: 7668: 7663: 7662: 7661: 7651: 7646: 7641: 7636: 7631: 7626: 7621: 7615: 7613: 7607: 7606: 7604: 7603: 7598: 7593: 7588: 7583: 7578: 7573: 7568: 7563: 7558: 7553: 7548: 7543: 7538: 7533: 7528: 7523: 7518: 7513: 7508: 7503: 7498: 7493: 7488: 7487: 7486: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7461: 7460: 7459: 7449: 7444: 7442:Postminimalism 7439: 7434: 7429: 7423: 7421: 7417: 7416: 7414: 7413: 7408: 7403: 7398: 7393: 7388: 7387: 7386: 7376: 7371: 7366: 7361: 7356: 7351: 7346: 7341: 7336: 7331: 7326: 7321: 7319:Generative art 7316: 7311: 7306: 7301: 7296: 7291: 7289:Conceptual art 7286: 7281: 7276: 7271: 7266: 7261: 7256: 7251: 7246: 7241: 7240: 7239: 7229: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7203: 7201: 7197: 7196: 7194: 7193: 7188: 7186:Cybernetic art 7183: 7178: 7177: 7176: 7174:Ultra-Lettrist 7171: 7161: 7160: 7159: 7149: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7104: 7103: 7102: 7092: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7061: 7060: 7055: 7050: 7048:Arte Informale 7045: 7035: 7030: 7025: 7024: 7023: 7013: 7012: 7011: 7001: 6995: 6993: 6986: 6985:(1945–present) 6973: 6972: 6969: 6968: 6966: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6944: 6943: 6933: 6928: 6927: 6926: 6921: 6914:Heroic realism 6911: 6910: 6909: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6867: 6862: 6857: 6852: 6851: 6850: 6848:Latin American 6845: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6818:Group of Seven 6815: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6799: 6798: 6788: 6783: 6781:Social realism 6778: 6773: 6768: 6767: 6766: 6764:November Group 6756: 6755: 6754: 6749: 6739: 6738: 6737: 6727: 6722: 6721: 6720: 6708: 6703: 6698: 6697: 6696: 6695: 6694: 6687:Latin American 6682:Constructivism 6679: 6677:Crystal Cubism 6674: 6669: 6664: 6658: 6656: 6652: 6651: 6649: 6648: 6643: 6638: 6633: 6628: 6623: 6618: 6617: 6616: 6606: 6601: 6594: 6593: 6592: 6587: 6577: 6576: 6575: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6554: 6553: 6548: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6517: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6475: 6474: 6463: 6461: 6457: 6456: 6454: 6453: 6448: 6447: 6446: 6436: 6435: 6434: 6429: 6424: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6403: 6402: 6387: 6382: 6380:Volcano School 6377: 6376: 6375: 6370: 6360: 6355: 6350: 6349: 6348: 6338: 6333: 6332: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6315: 6314: 6309: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6278: 6277: 6265: 6260: 6255: 6254: 6253: 6242: 6240: 6233: 6225: 6224: 6221: 6220: 6218: 6217: 6212: 6211: 6210: 6205: 6204: 6203: 6188: 6187: 6186: 6185: 6184: 6174: 6169: 6159: 6154: 6153: 6152: 6142: 6137: 6135:Norwich School 6132: 6127: 6126: 6125: 6124: 6123: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6088: 6083: 6078: 6076:Fairy painting 6067: 6065: 6055: 6054: 6052: 6051: 6050: 6049: 6044: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6018: 6013: 6012: 6011: 6000: 5998: 5992: 5991: 5989: 5988: 5987: 5986: 5981: 5980: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5967:Chilote School 5959: 5957:Casta painting 5949: 5948: 5947: 5942: 5937: 5936: 5935: 5933:Tipos del País 5930: 5917: 5916: 5915: 5914: 5913: 5903: 5891: 5889: 5885: 5884: 5882: 5881: 5876: 5875: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5842: 5841: 5840: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5821:Louis XV style 5818: 5807: 5805: 5801: 5800: 5798: 5797: 5796: 5795: 5790: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5769: 5768: 5758: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5742: 5741: 5736: 5731: 5730: 5729: 5724: 5714: 5709: 5698: 5696: 5692: 5691: 5689: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5667: 5666: 5656: 5655: 5654: 5653: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5632: 5631: 5630: 5625: 5623:Cologne School 5615: 5610: 5605: 5604: 5603: 5588: 5587: 5586: 5585: 5584: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5556: 5555: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5534: 5533: 5532: 5525: 5520: 5504: 5502: 5496: 5495: 5493: 5492: 5491: 5490: 5483: 5478: 5476:Italian school 5467: 5462: 5461: 5460: 5458:Sienese School 5450: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5434: 5433: 5428: 5423: 5413: 5406: 5405: 5404: 5394: 5393: 5392: 5387: 5377: 5372: 5371: 5370: 5368:Pre-Romanesque 5365: 5360: 5350: 5349: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5323: 5318: 5317: 5316: 5304: 5299: 5297:Donor portrait 5294: 5293: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5262: 5261: 5260: 5250: 5249: 5248: 5237: 5235: 5229: 5228: 5226: 5225: 5224: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5206:Julio-Claudian 5203: 5198: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5167: 5166: 5165: 5164: 5159: 5158: 5157: 5155:Greco-Buddhist 5147: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5095:Protogeometric 5092: 5082: 5081: 5080: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5055: 5050: 5049: 5048: 5037: 5035: 5026: 5020: 5019: 5010: 5007: 5006: 4990: 4989: 4982: 4975: 4967: 4958: 4957: 4955: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4909: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4894:Natural School 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4870: 4869: 4864: 4859: 4849: 4844: 4842:Constructivism 4839: 4834: 4833: 4832: 4822: 4820:Acmeist poetry 4817: 4811: 4808: 4807: 4800: 4799: 4792: 4785: 4777: 4771: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4743: 4742:External links 4740: 4739: 4738: 4728: 4715: 4705:Czesław Miłosz 4694: 4687: 4680: 4666: 4661:Lin Jung-hua. 4659: 4645: 4638: 4631: 4615: 4612: 4609: 4608: 4601: 4580: 4553:(2): 717–737. 4533: 4512:(2): 247–267. 4492: 4455:(2): 187–211. 4422: 4387:(1): 133–173. 4360: 4319: 4301: 4276: 4257: 4239: 4187: 4160:(1): 113–137. 4133: 4112:10.2307/131074 4106:(3): 267–288. 4073: 4058: 4036: 4021: 3999: 3973: 3955: 3924: 3899: 3872: 3843: 3813: 3797: 3777: 3764: 3751: 3731: 3708: 3706:Haftman, p.196 3699: 3686: 3671: 3655: 3630: 3614: 3589: 3573: 3558: 3535: 3509: 3484: 3470: 3461: 3448:10.2307/777916 3426: 3414: 3385: 3360: 3347: 3334: 3321: 3308: 3292: 3285: 3265: 3258: 3238: 3231: 3211: 3197: 3177: 3159: 3145: 3127: 3111: 3086: 3059: 3035: 3011: 2987: 2974: 2961: 2948: 2935: 2922: 2898: 2883: 2865: 2849: 2836: 2820: 2811: 2798: 2780: 2762: 2746: 2733: 2720: 2711: 2702:|journal= 2675: 2656:(2): 121–133. 2633: 2624: 2611: 2593: 2580: 2542: 2541: 2539: 2536: 2534: 2533: 2528: 2523: 2518: 2513: 2508: 2503: 2498: 2493: 2488: 2486:Heroic realism 2483: 2478: 2477: 2476: 2471: 2461: 2456: 2451: 2446: 2440: 2439: 2438: 2422: 2419: 2418: 2417: 2411: 2404: 2402: 2396: 2389: 2387: 2377: 2370: 2366: 2363: 2362: 2361: 2351: 2344: 2342: 2332: 2325: 2323: 2317: 2310: 2306: 2303: 2302: 2301: 2291: 2284: 2282: 2279: 2272: 2270: 2262:The Green Lake 2260: 2253: 2251: 2244: 2237: 2235: 2227:Wojciech Weiss 2225: 2218: 2216: 2207: 2200: 2198: 2188: 2181: 2179: 2172: 2165: 2163: 2156: 2149: 2145: 2142: 2098:woman question 2091:New Soviet Man 2078: 2075: 2035:constructivist 1984: 1981: 1979: 1976: 1974: 1971: 1940: 1937: 1841:The people of 1823:Walter Womacka 1814: 1813: 1772: 1770: 1763: 1757: 1754: 1728:, and others. 1702:Nikolai Timkov 1682:Dmitry Maevsky 1678:Vasily Golubev 1610:Andrei Zhdanov 1546:Constructivism 1513: 1512: 1471: 1469: 1462: 1456: 1453: 1406: 1403: 1347:Fyodor Gladkov 1311:The Real World 1305:The novels of 1267: 1264: 1252:The Green Lake 1235:Russian Empire 1197:Boris Ioganson 1188: 1185: 1110:by Dovzhenko, 1054: 1051: 986:labor movement 932: 929: 906: 905: 864: 862: 855: 849: 846: 767: 764: 716: 713: 707: 706: 686: 684: 673: 670: 645: 642: 600:Vladimir Lenin 581: 578: 545:New Soviet Man 488: 485: 484: 483: 480: 477: 474: 412: 409: 405:New Soviet man 378:Peredvizhnikis 350: 347: 345: 342: 319:social realism 251: 250: 241: 237: 236: 231: 227: 226: 225:1932 - present 223: 219: 218: 188: 176: 175: 174: 165: 164: 163: 154: 153: 152: 151: 150: 149: 139: 138: 53: 51: 44: 36:real socialism 32:social realism 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11218: 11207: 11204: 11202: 11199: 11197: 11194: 11192: 11189: 11187: 11184: 11182: 11181:Art movements 11179: 11177: 11174: 11172: 11169: 11167: 11164: 11162: 11159: 11157: 11154: 11153: 11151: 11136: 11132: 11128: 11126: 11118: 11117: 11114: 11108: 11105: 11103: 11100: 11098: 11095: 11093: 11090: 11088: 11085: 11083: 11080: 11078: 11075: 11073: 11070: 11068: 11065: 11063: 11060: 11058: 11055: 11053: 11050: 11048: 11045: 11043: 11040: 11038: 11035: 11033: 11032:Postmodernist 11030: 11028: 11025: 11023: 11022:Participatory 11020: 11018: 11015: 11013: 11010: 11008: 11005: 11003: 11000: 10998: 10995: 10993: 10992:Musical short 10990: 10988: 10985: 10983: 10980: 10978: 10975: 10973: 10970: 10968: 10965: 10963: 10960: 10958: 10955: 10953: 10950: 10948: 10945: 10941: 10938: 10937: 10936: 10933: 10931: 10928: 10924: 10921: 10919: 10916: 10915: 10914: 10911: 10909: 10906: 10904: 10903:Found footage 10901: 10899: 10896: 10894: 10891: 10889: 10886: 10884: 10881: 10877: 10874: 10873: 10872: 10869: 10867: 10864: 10862: 10859: 10857: 10854: 10850: 10847: 10846: 10845: 10842: 10840: 10837: 10835: 10832: 10830: 10827: 10825: 10822: 10820: 10817: 10815: 10812: 10810: 10809:Cinéma vérité 10807: 10805: 10802: 10800: 10797: 10795: 10792: 10790: 10787: 10785: 10782: 10780: 10777: 10773: 10770: 10768: 10765: 10763: 10760: 10758: 10755: 10753: 10750: 10748: 10745: 10744: 10743: 10740: 10738: 10735: 10733: 10730: 10729: 10727: 10725:or production 10717: 10709: 10706: 10704: 10701: 10700: 10699: 10696: 10692: 10689: 10687: 10684: 10683: 10682: 10679: 10675: 10672: 10670: 10667: 10666: 10664: 10660: 10657: 10656: 10655: 10652: 10650: 10647: 10645: 10642: 10641: 10639: 10635: 10629: 10626: 10624: 10621: 10619: 10616: 10614: 10611: 10609: 10606: 10604: 10601: 10599: 10596: 10594: 10591: 10589: 10586: 10582: 10579: 10578: 10577: 10574: 10572: 10569: 10567: 10564: 10562: 10559: 10557: 10554: 10552: 10549: 10547: 10544: 10542: 10541:Prussian film 10539: 10537: 10534: 10532: 10529: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10519: 10517: 10514: 10512: 10509: 10507: 10504: 10502: 10499: 10497: 10494: 10492: 10489: 10487: 10486:New Nollywood 10484: 10482: 10481:New Hollywood 10479: 10477: 10474: 10472: 10469: 10467: 10464: 10462: 10459: 10457: 10454: 10452: 10449: 10447: 10444: 10442: 10439: 10437: 10434: 10432: 10429: 10427: 10424: 10422: 10419: 10417: 10414: 10412: 10409: 10407: 10404: 10402: 10399: 10397: 10394: 10392: 10389: 10387: 10384: 10382: 10379: 10377: 10374: 10372: 10369: 10367: 10364: 10362: 10359: 10357: 10354: 10352: 10349: 10347: 10344: 10342: 10339: 10337: 10334: 10332: 10329: 10327: 10324: 10322: 10319: 10317: 10314: 10312: 10309: 10307: 10304: 10302: 10301:Cannibal boom 10299: 10297: 10296:Calligrafismo 10294: 10292: 10289: 10285: 10282: 10281: 10280: 10277: 10275: 10272: 10270: 10267: 10265: 10264:Berlin School 10262: 10260: 10257: 10255: 10252: 10250: 10247: 10245: 10242: 10240: 10237: 10236: 10234: 10228: 10220: 10217: 10215: 10214:Weird Western 10212: 10210: 10207: 10205: 10202: 10200: 10197: 10195: 10192: 10190: 10187: 10185: 10182: 10180: 10177: 10175: 10172: 10170: 10167: 10165: 10162: 10160: 10157: 10155: 10152: 10150: 10147: 10145: 10142: 10141: 10140: 10137: 10133: 10130: 10128: 10125: 10123: 10120: 10119: 10118: 10115: 10113: 10110: 10108: 10105: 10103: 10100: 10098: 10095: 10093: 10090: 10088: 10085: 10083: 10080: 10078: 10075: 10071: 10068: 10067: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10045:Slice of life 10043: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10033: 10029: 10026: 10024: 10021: 10019: 10016: 10014: 10011: 10009: 10006: 10004: 10001: 9999: 9998:Bavarian porn 9996: 9995: 9994: 9993:Sexploitation 9991: 9989: 9986: 9984: 9981: 9979: 9976: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9962: 9959: 9958: 9957: 9954: 9952: 9951:Partisan film 9949: 9947: 9944: 9942: 9939: 9937: 9934: 9930: 9927: 9926: 9925: 9922: 9920: 9919:Muslim social 9917: 9915: 9912: 9910: 9907: 9901: 9900:Zombie comedy 9898: 9897: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9883: 9881: 9878: 9876: 9875:Giant monster 9873: 9872: 9871: 9868: 9864: 9861: 9860: 9859: 9856: 9852: 9849: 9847: 9844: 9842: 9839: 9837: 9834: 9832: 9829: 9827: 9824: 9823: 9822: 9819: 9817: 9814: 9812: 9809: 9805: 9802: 9800: 9797: 9796: 9795: 9792: 9790: 9787: 9783: 9780: 9779: 9778: 9775: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9747: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9729: 9726: 9724: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9715: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9704: 9701: 9699: 9696: 9694: 9691: 9689: 9686: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9676:Mexploitation 9674: 9672: 9669: 9668: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9631: 9630: 9627: 9623: 9620: 9619: 9618: 9615: 9613: 9610: 9606: 9603: 9601: 9598: 9596: 9593: 9591: 9588: 9586: 9583: 9581: 9578: 9576: 9573: 9571: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9561: 9558: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9546: 9543: 9542: 9541: 9538: 9536: 9533: 9531: 9530:Coming-of-age 9528: 9526: 9523: 9521: 9518: 9516: 9513: 9509: 9506: 9504: 9501: 9500: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9491: 9489: 9486: 9484: 9481: 9480: 9478: 9474: 9468: 9465: 9461: 9458: 9456: 9453: 9451: 9448: 9447: 9446: 9445:Transgressive 9443: 9439: 9436: 9434: 9431: 9429: 9428:Psychological 9426: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9404: 9401: 9399: 9396: 9394: 9391: 9390: 9389: 9386: 9384: 9381: 9379: 9378:Slice of life 9376: 9372: 9369: 9367: 9364: 9362: 9359: 9357: 9354: 9352: 9349: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9327: 9324: 9322: 9319: 9317: 9314: 9312: 9309: 9308: 9307: 9304: 9300: 9297: 9295: 9292: 9290: 9287: 9285: 9282: 9278: 9275: 9274: 9273: 9270: 9269: 9268: 9265: 9263: 9260: 9258: 9255: 9250: 9246: 9244: 9241: 9239: 9236: 9235: 9234: 9231: 9229: 9226: 9222: 9219: 9215: 9212: 9210: 9207: 9206: 9205: 9202: 9201: 9200: 9197: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9164: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9153: 9150: 9148: 9145: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9115:Psychological 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9101: 9098: 9096: 9093: 9091: 9090:Korean horror 9088: 9086: 9083: 9081: 9078: 9076: 9073: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9060:Found footage 9058: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9017: 9016: 9013: 9009: 9006: 9004: 9001: 8999: 8996: 8994: 8991: 8989: 8986: 8985: 8984: 8981: 8977: 8974: 8972: 8969: 8967: 8964: 8963: 8962: 8959: 8955: 8952: 8950: 8949:Magic realism 8947: 8945: 8942: 8940: 8937: 8935: 8932: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8921: 8920: 8917: 8913: 8912: 8907: 8906: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8893: 8890: 8889: 8888: 8885: 8883: 8880: 8878: 8875: 8871: 8868: 8866: 8865:Sexploitation 8863: 8861: 8858: 8856: 8853: 8852: 8851: 8848: 8842: 8839: 8838: 8837: 8834: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8816:Calligrafismo 8814: 8813: 8812: 8809: 8805: 8802: 8800: 8797: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8775: 8772: 8770: 8769:City symphony 8767: 8765: 8762: 8761: 8760: 8757: 8753: 8750: 8749: 8748: 8745: 8741: 8738: 8736: 8733: 8731: 8728: 8726: 8723: 8721: 8718: 8716: 8713: 8711: 8708: 8706: 8703: 8701: 8698: 8696: 8693: 8691: 8688: 8686: 8683: 8679: 8676: 8675: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8664: 8661: 8660: 8659: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8649: 8646: 8644: 8641: 8637: 8634: 8633: 8632: 8629: 8625: 8622: 8620: 8617: 8615: 8612: 8611: 8610: 8607: 8606: 8604: 8600: 8596: 8593: 8586: 8581: 8579: 8574: 8572: 8567: 8566: 8563: 8551: 8549: 8545: 8543: 8541: 8537: 8535: 8533: 8529: 8527: 8525: 8521: 8519: 8517: 8513: 8511: 8509: 8505: 8503: 8501: 8497: 8495: 8493: 8489: 8487: 8485: 8481: 8479: 8477: 8473: 8471: 8469: 8465: 8463: 8461: 8457: 8455: 8453: 8449: 8447: 8445: 8441: 8439: 8437: 8433: 8431: 8429: 8425: 8423: 8421: 8417: 8415: 8413: 8409: 8408: 8406: 8402: 8396: 8393: 8391: 8388: 8386: 8383: 8381: 8378: 8376: 8373: 8372: 8370: 8368:Art education 8366: 8360: 8357: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8345: 8342: 8340: 8337: 8335: 8332: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8315: 8312: 8310: 8307: 8305: 8302: 8300: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8290: 8287: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8185: 8182: 8180: 8177: 8176: 8174: 8170: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8149: 8146: 8144: 8141: 8140: 8138: 8136: 8132: 8127: 8117: 8114: 8112: 8109: 8107: 8104: 8103: 8101: 8097: 8093: 8086: 8081: 8079: 8074: 8072: 8067: 8066: 8063: 8051: 8043: 8042: 8039: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8027: 8023: 8021: 8018: 8016: 8013: 8011: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7988: 7984: 7981: 7979: 7976: 7975: 7974: 7971: 7969: 7966: 7964: 7961: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7928: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7916:Fantastic art 7914: 7912: 7909: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7886: 7885: 7884:Christian art 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7863: 7860: 7859: 7858: 7855: 7853: 7850: 7849: 7847: 7843: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7823: 7820: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7807: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7785:Skeuomorphism 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7751: 7748: 7746: 7745:Massurrealism 7743: 7741: 7740:Lightpainting 7738: 7736: 7733: 7731: 7728: 7724: 7723:Post-Internet 7721: 7720: 7719: 7716: 7714: 7711: 7709: 7706: 7704: 7701: 7697: 7694: 7693: 7692: 7689: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7660: 7657: 7656: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7617: 7616: 7614: 7608: 7602: 7599: 7597: 7596:Grunge design 7594: 7592: 7589: 7587: 7584: 7582: 7579: 7577: 7574: 7572: 7569: 7567: 7564: 7562: 7559: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7551:Retrofuturism 7549: 7547: 7546:Scratch video 7544: 7542: 7539: 7537: 7534: 7532: 7531:Memphis Group 7529: 7527: 7524: 7522: 7519: 7517: 7514: 7512: 7509: 7507: 7506:Telematic art 7504: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7496:Guerrilla art 7494: 7492: 7489: 7485: 7482: 7481: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7462: 7458: 7455: 7454: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7447:Endurance art 7445: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7433: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7424: 7422: 7418: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7389: 7385: 7382: 7381: 7380: 7377: 7375: 7372: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7357: 7355: 7352: 7350: 7347: 7345: 7342: 7340: 7337: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7267: 7265: 7262: 7260: 7257: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7242: 7238: 7235: 7234: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7204: 7202: 7198: 7192: 7189: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7166: 7165: 7162: 7158: 7155: 7154: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7107:New media art 7105: 7101: 7098: 7097: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7085:Nanyang Style 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7059: 7056: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7040: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7022: 7019: 7018: 7017: 7016:Visionary art 7014: 7010: 7007: 7006: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6996: 6994: 6990: 6987: 6983: 6978: 6974: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6942: 6939: 6938: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6916: 6915: 6912: 6908: 6905: 6904: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6882:Scuola Romana 6880: 6878: 6875: 6873: 6872: 6868: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6849: 6846: 6844: 6841: 6840: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6808:Anthropophagy 6806: 6804: 6801: 6797: 6794: 6793: 6792: 6791:Functionalism 6789: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6765: 6762: 6761: 6760: 6757: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6744: 6743: 6740: 6736: 6733: 6732: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6719: 6718: 6714: 6713: 6712: 6711:Neoplasticism 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6693: 6690: 6689: 6688: 6685: 6684: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6659: 6657: 6653: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6632: 6629: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6615: 6614:Cubo-Futurism 6612: 6611: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6599: 6595: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6582: 6581: 6578: 6574: 6573:Ashcan School 6571: 6570: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6543: 6542: 6541:Expressionism 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6526:Mir iskusstva 6524: 6522: 6519: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6497: 6496: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6473: 6470: 6469: 6468: 6465: 6464: 6462: 6458: 6452: 6449: 6445: 6442: 6441: 6440: 6437: 6433: 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6401: 6398: 6397: 6396: 6393: 6392: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6366: 6365: 6364: 6361: 6359: 6356: 6354: 6351: 6347: 6344: 6343: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6313: 6312:Boston School 6310: 6308: 6307:Hoosier Group 6305: 6304: 6303: 6300: 6299: 6298: 6297:Impressionism 6295: 6293: 6292:Peredvizhniki 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6282:Beuron School 6280: 6276: 6273: 6272: 6271: 6270: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6252: 6249: 6248: 6247: 6244: 6243: 6241: 6237: 6234: 6230: 6226: 6216: 6213: 6209: 6206: 6202: 6199: 6198: 6197: 6196:Munich School 6194: 6193: 6192: 6189: 6183: 6180: 6179: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6168: 6165: 6164: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6151: 6148: 6147: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6122: 6119: 6118: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6073: 6072: 6069: 6068: 6066: 6062: 6056: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6039: 6038: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6010: 6007: 6006: 6005: 6002: 6001: 5999: 5995:Art borrowing 5993: 5985: 5982: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5964: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5954: 5953: 5950: 5946: 5945:Company style 5943: 5941: 5938: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5925: 5924: 5921: 5920: 5918: 5912: 5909: 5908: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5898: 5897: 5893: 5892: 5890: 5886: 5880: 5877: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5852: 5848: 5847: 5846: 5845:Neoclassicism 5843: 5839: 5838: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5813: 5812: 5809: 5808: 5806: 5802: 5794: 5791: 5789: 5786: 5785: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5767: 5764: 5763: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5719: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5704: 5703: 5700: 5699: 5697: 5693: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5671:Cretan School 5669: 5665: 5662: 5661: 5660: 5657: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5637: 5636: 5633: 5629: 5628:Danube school 5626: 5624: 5621: 5620: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5606: 5602: 5599: 5598: 5597: 5594: 5593: 5592: 5589: 5583: 5582: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5561: 5560: 5557: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5539: 5538: 5535: 5531: 5530: 5526: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5515: 5514: 5511: 5510: 5509: 5506: 5505: 5503: 5501: 5497: 5489: 5488: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5473: 5472: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5459: 5456: 5455: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5439: 5436: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5422: 5419: 5418: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5411: 5407: 5403: 5400: 5399: 5398: 5395: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5382: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5355: 5354: 5351: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5328: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5315: 5314: 5310: 5309: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5267: 5266: 5263: 5259: 5256: 5255: 5254: 5251: 5247: 5244: 5243: 5242: 5239: 5238: 5236: 5234: 5230: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5193: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5163: 5160: 5156: 5153: 5152: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5142: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5105:Orientalizing 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5090:Sub-Mycenaean 5088: 5087: 5086: 5083: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5064: 5061: 5060: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5047: 5044: 5043: 5042: 5039: 5038: 5036: 5034: 5030: 5027: 5021: 5017: 5013: 5008: 5004:art movements 5003: 4999: 4995: 4988: 4983: 4981: 4976: 4974: 4969: 4968: 4965: 4953: 4952:Village Prose 4950: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4912:Peredvizhniki 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4889:Mir iskusstva 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4860: 4858: 4857:Cubo-Futurism 4855: 4854: 4853: 4850: 4848: 4845: 4843: 4840: 4838: 4837:Conceptualism 4835: 4831: 4828: 4827: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4812: 4809: 4805: 4798: 4793: 4791: 4786: 4784: 4779: 4778: 4775: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4745: 4736: 4732: 4729: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4713:0-520-04677-3 4710: 4706: 4702: 4698: 4695: 4692: 4688: 4685: 4681: 4679: 4678:976-8097-83-3 4675: 4671: 4667: 4664: 4660: 4658: 4654: 4650: 4646: 4643: 4639: 4636: 4632: 4630: 4629:80-86791-18-1 4626: 4622: 4618: 4617: 4604: 4602:9781645036364 4598: 4594: 4587: 4585: 4576: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4552: 4548: 4544: 4537: 4529: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4496: 4488: 4484: 4480: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4446: 4439: 4437: 4435: 4433: 4431: 4429: 4427: 4418: 4414: 4410: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4394: 4390: 4386: 4382: 4381:Slavic Review 4378: 4371: 4369: 4367: 4365: 4356: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4323: 4316: 4310: 4308: 4306: 4291: 4287: 4280: 4272: 4268: 4261: 4254: 4248: 4246: 4244: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4211: 4207: 4203: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4183: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4144: 4142: 4140: 4138: 4129: 4125: 4121: 4117: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4097: 4090: 4088: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4080: 4078: 4069: 4065: 4061: 4055: 4051: 4047: 4040: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4003: 3988: 3984: 3977: 3971: 3970: 3964: 3959: 3945:on 2012-04-24 3941: 3934: 3928: 3914:on 2005-05-08 3913: 3909: 3903: 3889: 3888: 3883: 3876: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3860:5-901724-21-6 3857: 3853: 3847: 3831: 3827: 3823: 3817: 3811: 3810:0-8156-0108-5 3807: 3801: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3781: 3774: 3768: 3761: 3755: 3749: 3745: 3741: 3735: 3729: 3725: 3721: 3717: 3716:Richard Pipes 3712: 3703: 3696: 3690: 3682: 3675: 3668: 3665: 3659: 3644: 3640: 3634: 3627: 3624: 3621:Marian, Ana. 3618: 3603: 3599: 3593: 3586: 3582: 3577: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3559:0-19-871502-1 3555: 3551: 3550: 3542: 3540: 3524: 3520: 3513: 3499:on 2015-03-16 3498: 3494: 3488: 3480: 3474: 3465: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3445: 3441: 3437: 3430: 3417: 3411: 3407: 3403: 3399: 3395: 3389: 3375: 3371: 3364: 3357: 3351: 3344: 3338: 3331: 3325: 3318: 3312: 3305: 3299: 3297: 3288: 3282: 3278: 3277: 3269: 3261: 3255: 3251: 3250: 3242: 3234: 3228: 3224: 3223: 3215: 3200: 3198:9781351487726 3194: 3190: 3189: 3181: 3173: 3169: 3163: 3155: 3149: 3141: 3137: 3131: 3124: 3118: 3116: 3101: 3097: 3090: 3076: 3075:The Art Story 3072: 3066: 3064: 3049: 3048:The Art Story 3045: 3039: 3025: 3021: 3015: 3001: 3000:www.ijors.net 2997: 2991: 2984: 2978: 2971: 2965: 2958: 2952: 2945: 2939: 2932: 2926: 2912: 2911:The Art Story 2908: 2902: 2894: 2887: 2880: 2874: 2872: 2870: 2862: 2856: 2854: 2846: 2840: 2833: 2827: 2825: 2815: 2808: 2802: 2795: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2777: 2771: 2769: 2767: 2759: 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Kasatkin. 2153: 2148: 2147: 2141: 2139: 2138: 2133: 2128: 2124: 2118: 2115: 2110: 2108: 2103: 2099: 2094: 2092: 2088: 2087:oil paintings 2084: 2074: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2063:Olga Rozanova 2060: 2056: 2055:Liubov Popova 2052: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2030: 2028: 2024: 2019: 2017: 2013: 2007: 2005: 2004:Mother Russia 2001: 1994: 1989: 1970: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1951: 1946: 1936: 1934: 1930: 1925: 1923: 1919: 1914: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1899: 1897: 1892: 1890: 1885: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1868: 1860: 1855: 1848: 1844: 1839: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1810: 1807: 1799: 1796:February 2023 1789: 1785: 1779: 1778: 1773:This section 1771: 1767: 1762: 1761: 1753: 1751: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1729: 1727: 1726:Nina Veselova 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1686:Sergei Osipov 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1670:Leonid Steele 1667: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1646:Engels Kozlov 1643: 1642:Boris Korneev 1639: 1638:Vladimir Gorb 1634: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1618: 1616: 1611: 1604: 1600: 1595: 1591: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1575: 1573: 1568: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1557:Impressionism 1553: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1538: 1536: 1532: 1524: 1519: 1509: 1506: 1498: 1495:February 2023 1488: 1484: 1478: 1477: 1472:This section 1470: 1466: 1461: 1460: 1452: 1450: 1446: 1438: 1434: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1402: 1400: 1396: 1393:, a novel by 1392: 1388: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1375:(1922–1941). 1374: 1373: 1368: 1364: 1363: 1358: 1354: 1353: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1339: 1334: 1330: 1328: 1327:The Holy Week 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1303: 1301: 1300: 1295: 1294:Bruno Apitz's 1291: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1272: 1263: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1208: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1184: 1182: 1178: 1177: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1159: 1154: 1150: 1145: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1122: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1096: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1082: 1077: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1064: 1060: 1050: 1048: 1047: 1043: 1042:Aleksandrov's 1039: 1035: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1014:Rage, Tyrants 1011: 1007: 1003: 1002: 997: 996: 991: 987: 982: 980: 979:Song of Peace 976: 972: 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 945: 941: 940:Isaak Brodsky 937: 925: 921: 917: 912: 902: 899: 891: 888:February 2023 881: 877: 871: 870: 865:This section 863: 859: 854: 853: 845: 842: 836: 832: 829: 825: 821: 815: 813: 809: 805: 804:falsification 801: 795: 792: 788: 781: 777: 774:A monumental 772: 763: 761: 760: 755: 751: 745: 740: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 712: 703: 694: 690: 687:This section 685: 682: 678: 677: 669: 667: 661: 659: 655: 651: 641: 638: 636: 632: 628: 627:Secret Speech 624: 619: 617: 612: 609: 605: 601: 597: 590: 586: 577: 575: 569: 565: 561: 559: 555: 549: 547: 546: 539: 535: 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 512: 502: 498: 493: 481: 478: 475: 472: 471: 470: 468: 464: 463:Joseph Stalin 460: 459: 454: 450: 446: 445: 439: 437: 433: 429: 422: 417: 408: 406: 402: 398: 393: 391: 387: 383: 379: 375: 367: 364: 360: 355: 341: 339: 335: 330: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 295: 293: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 257: 249: 245: 242: 238: 235: 232: 228: 224: 220: 216: 212: 208: 204: 200: 196: 195:Isaak Brodsky 192: 180: 169: 158: 147: 135: 132: 124: 113: 110: 106: 103: 99: 96: 92: 89: 85: 82: – 81: 77: 76:Find sources: 70: 66: 60: 59: 54:This article 52: 48: 43: 42: 37: 33: 19: 11081: 10871:Experimental 10866:Ethnofiction 10613:Third Cinema 10570: 10516:Persian Film 10259:Auteur films 10230:By movement 10087:Swashbuckler 9946:Ozploitation 9941:Outlaw biker 9821:Martial arts 9816:Magical girl 9666:Exploitation 9661:Ethnographic 9590:Mafia comedy 9233:Pornographic 9110:Psycho-biddy 9095:Lovecraftian 8929:Contemporary 8910: 8904:Exploitation 8899:Experimental 8779:Mockumentary 8648:Biographical 8547: 8539: 8531: 8523: 8515: 8507: 8499: 8491: 8483: 8475: 8467: 8459: 8451: 8443: 8435: 8427: 8419: 8411: 8404:Works of art 8026:Trompe-l'œil 8024: 7995:Outsider art 7948:Illustration 7904:Lutheran art 7894:Catholic art 7857:Abstract art 7827:Unilalianism 7790:Software art 7765:Neosymbolism 7755:Neo-futurism 7718:Internet art 7708:Hyperrealism 7561:Superfiction 7344:Photorealism 7212:Afrofuturism 6977:Contemporary 6953:Dimensionism 6936:Concrete art 6918: 6869: 6865:Precisionism 6715: 6662:Sosaku-hanga 6636:Productivism 6626:Metaphysical 6596: 6585:Proto-Cubism 6489:Secessionism 6451:Costumbrismo 6336:Aestheticism 6287:Hague School 6267: 6191:Academic art 6172:Costumbrismo 6140:Empire style 5977:Quito School 5972:Cusco School 5888:Colonial art 5849: 5837:Fête galante 5835: 5804:18th century 5766:Delft School 5717:Caravaggisti 5695:17th century 5580: 5537:Quattrocento 5527: 5485: 5408: 5311: 5241:Late antique 5125:Severe style 5115:Black-figure 5002:Contemporary 4931: 4862:Ego-Futurism 4717: 4700: 4690: 4683: 4669: 4662: 4648: 4641: 4634: 4620: 4592: 4550: 4546: 4536: 4509: 4505: 4495: 4452: 4448: 4384: 4380: 4336: 4332: 4322: 4314: 4293:. 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Retrieved 2559: 2333: 2292: 2261: 2246: 2230: 2212: 2193: 2174: 2158: 2135: 2132:Vera Muhkina 2119: 2111: 2095: 2080: 2031: 2020: 2008: 1997: 1958: 1948: 1942: 1933:documenta 14 1926: 1915: 1900: 1893: 1886: 1882:Pablo Neruda 1874:Louis Aragon 1870: 1826: 1802: 1793: 1782:Please help 1777:verification 1774: 1730: 1654:Oleg Lomakin 1635: 1619: 1607: 1603:Moscow Metro 1597:A mosaic of 1584:Leon Trotsky 1576: 1565: 1554: 1539: 1535:Soviet Union 1528: 1501: 1492: 1481:Please help 1476:verification 1473: 1455:Soviet Union 1448: 1443: 1411:Fritz Cremer 1408: 1390: 1389: 1380: 1370: 1360: 1350: 1342: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1307:Louis Aragon 1304: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1269: 1255: 1254:(1955), and 1251: 1247: 1243: 1209: 1191:The painter 1190: 1174: 1158:Neecha Nagar 1156: 1153:Chetan Anand 1146: 1137: 1129: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1104:A Start Life 1103: 1099: 1093: 1079: 1073: 1067: 1056: 1044: 1037: 1036:, Novikov's 1031: 1029:Isaakovsky's 1024: 1013: 1009: 1005: 999: 993: 983: 978: 974: 970: 966: 962: 958: 954: 951:Hanns Eisler 949: 943: 894: 885: 874:Please help 869:verification 866: 837: 833: 817: 800:totalitarian 797: 787:Leon Trotsky 784: 757: 753: 747: 742: 728: 718: 710: 697: 693:adding to it 688: 662: 654:Leon Trotsky 647: 639: 620: 615: 613: 598: 594: 570: 566: 562: 557: 550: 543: 540: 536: 527: 523: 519: 515: 509: 506: 501:East Germany 456: 453:Ivan Gronsky 442: 440: 425: 394: 371: 363:Kulturpalast 358: 331: 296: 260:Soviet Union 255: 254: 222:Years active 215:Moscow Metro 201:; Statue in 190: 127: 118: 108: 101: 94: 87: 75: 63:Please help 58:verification 55: 11166:Film styles 11097:Video nasty 11092:Underground 11077:Slow cinema 11047:Sceneggiata 10935:Live action 10913:Independent 10893:Film à clef 10861:Docufiction 10829:Compilation 10804:Blockbuster 10772:Traditional 10767:Stop-motion 10703:Chick flick 10561:Slow cinema 10551:Remodernist 10366:Free Cinema 10346:Erra Cinema 10311:Cinema Novo 10189:Revisionist 9698:Gendai-geki 9634:Psychedelic 9622:Apocalyptic 9488:Beach party 9383:Slow cinema 9356:Space opera 9321:Fantastique 9192:Sceneggiata 9182:Musicarello 9055:Fantastique 8934:Fantastique 8877:Educational 8804:Video essay 8759:Documentary 8516:Cornflowers 8420:Cafe Gurzuf 8172:Exhibitions 7911:Digital art 7874:Avant-garde 7815:Superstroke 7691:Flat design 7686:Fictive art 7681:Excessivism 7629:Art for art 7624:Altermodern 7566:Taring Padi 7501:Lowbrow art 7469:Pliontanism 7406:Yoru no Kai 7359:Process art 7299:Systems art 7269:Arte Povera 7191:Antipodeans 7100:in New York 7070:Jikken Kōbō 7033:Color field 6902:Regionalism 6871:Aeropittura 6860:Neo-Fauvism 6833:Neues Sehen 6803:Kinetic art 6667:Suprematism 6641:Synchromism 6558:Noucentisme 6479:Primitivism 6467:Art Nouveau 6422:Cloisonnism 6412:Pointillism 6407:Divisionism 6385:Incoherents 6346:Art pottery 6232:(1863–1944) 6182:Macchiaioli 6157:Biedermeier 6145:Historicism 6130:Orientalism 6071:Romanticism 6042:Akita ranga 5894:Art of the 5879:Picturesque 5831:Chinoiserie 5826:Frederician 5664:Tudor court 5559:Cinquecento 5500:Renaissance 5487:Mappa mundi 5471:cartography 5363:Carolingian 5358:Merovingian 5341:Palaeologan 5313:Repoblación 5270:Anglo-Saxon 5201:Gallo-Roman 5140:Hellenistic 5135:Kerch style 5073:Minyan ware 4947:Suprematism 4884:Metarealism 4506:Art History 3836:11 December 3525:(in German) 3436:Art Journal 3374:ARTnews.com 2526:Vanguardism 2233:(1949/1950) 2043:avant garde 1916:The former 1903:North Korea 1896:Warsaw Pact 1859:East Berlin 1831:East Berlin 1745:perestroika 1601:inside the 1550:avant-garde 1431:Ravensbrück 1395:D. Selvaraj 1377:Yury Krymov 1365:(1936) and 1333:Maxim Gorky 1244:Before Rain 1201:Geli Korzev 1163:Grand Prize 1149:Hindi films 1106:by N. 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