719:, it has been significantly modified. While previously the system had 16 high thrust DPO-B and six low thrust DPO-M in one propellant supply circuit, and six other low thrust DPO-M on a different circuit, now all 28 thrusters are high thrust DPO-B, arranged in 14 pairs. Each propellant supply circuit handles 14 DPO-B, with each element of each thruster pair being fed by a different circuit. This provides full fault tolerance for thruster or propellant circuit failure. The new arrangement adds fault tolerance for docking and undocking with one failed thruster or de-orbit with two failed thrusters. Also, the number of DPO-B in the aft section has been doubled to eight, improving the de-orbit fault tolerance.
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565:. Ballistic reentries are hard on the occupants due to high deceleration and can't be steered beyond their initial deorbit burn. That is why it was decided to go with the "headlight" shape that the Soyuz uses — a hemispherical forward area joined by a barely angled conical section (seven degrees) to a classic spherical section heat shield. This shape allows a small amount of lift to be generated due to the unequal weight distribution. The nickname was coined at a time when
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520:) also known as the Habitation section. It houses all the equipment that is not needed for reentry, such as experiments, cameras or cargo. Commonly, it is used as both eating area and lavatory. At its far end, it also contains the docking port. This module also contains a toilet, docking avionics and communications gear. On the latest Soyuz versions, a small window was introduced, providing the crew with a forward view.
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455:. The Apollo command module had six cubic meters of living space and a mass of 5000 kg; the three-part Soyuz provided the same crew with nine cubic meters of living space, an airlock, and a service module for the mass of the Apollo capsule alone. This does not take into consideration the orbital module that could be used in place of the
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Because its modular construction differs from that of previous designs, the Soyuz has an unusual sequence of events prior to re-entry. The spacecraft is turned engine-forward and the main engine is fired for de-orbiting fully 180° ahead of its planned landing site. This requires the least propellant
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Early Soyuz spacecraft would then have the service and orbital modules detach simultaneously. As they are connected by tubing and electrical cables to the descent module, this would aid in their separation and avoid having the descent module alter its orientation. Later Soyuz spacecraft detach the
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as well, to have theoretical 85% of real time connection to ground control. But since the S-band antenna is fixed and Soyuz spacecraft cruises in a slow longitudinal rotation, in practice this capability might be limited due to lack of antenna pointing capability. It may also be able to use the
560:
are fired to give a soft landing. One of the design requirements for the reentry module was for it to have the highest possible volumetric efficiency (internal volume divided by hull area). The best shape for this is a sphere, but such a shape can provide no lift, which results in a purely
646:
orbital module before firing the main engine, which saves even more propellant, enabling the descent module to return more payload. The orbital module cannot remain in orbit as an addition to a space station as the hatch enabling it to function as an airlock is part of the descent module.
523:
A hatch between it and the descent module can be closed so as to isolate it to act as an airlock if needed with cosmonauts exiting through its side port (at the bottom of this picture, near the descent module). On the launch pad, cosmonauts enter the spacecraft through this port.
527:
This separation also lets the orbital module be customized to the mission with less risk to the life-critical descent module. The convention of orientation in zero gravity differs from that of the descent module, as cosmonauts stand or sit with their heads to the docking port.
653:, so that the spacecraft can be seen by recovery helicopters as it descends in the evening twilight, illuminated by the sun when it is above the shadow of the Earth. Since the beginning of Soyuz missions to the ISS, only five have performed nighttime landings.
495:
The vehicle is protected during launch by a nose fairing, which is jettisoned after passing through the atmosphere. It has an automatic docking system. The spacecraft can be operated automatically, or by a pilot independently of ground control.
1094:) that records voice and data during the mission was added under the pilot's seat in the descent module. The dual unit module was developed at AO RKS corporation in Moscow with the use of indigenous electronics. It has a capacity of 4
773:
signals for navigation. It uses four fixed antennas to achieve a positioning accuracy of 5 m (16 ft), and aims to reduce that number to as little as 3 cm (1.2 in) and to achieve an attitude accuracy of
556:. It is slowed initially by the atmosphere, then by a braking parachute, followed by the main parachute which slows the craft for landing. At one meter above the ground, solid-fuel braking engines mounted behind the
926:) automatic docking system is now made indigenously in Russia. Developed by Sergei Medvedev of AO NII TP, it is claimed to be 25 kg (55 lb) lighter, 30% less voluminous and use 25% less power. An
466:
and provide life support for them for about 30 person-days. The life support system provides a nitrogen/oxygen atmosphere at sea level partial pressures. The atmosphere is regenerated through
1106:. It is designed to tolerate falls of 150 m/s (490 ft/s) and is rated for 100,000 overwrite cycles and 10 reuses. It can also tolerate 700 °C (1,292 °F) for 30 minutes.
1150:. Starting from 2021, Roscosmos is marketing the spacecraft for dedicated commercial missions ranging from ~10 days to six months. Currently, Roscosmos has three such flights booked,
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for maneuvering in orbit and initiating the descent back to Earth. The spacecraft also has a system of low-thrust engines for orientation, attached to the intermediate compartment (
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crew to ISS. Nikolai
Tikhonov and Andrei Babkin were originally assigned to the flight, although they were pushed back and replaced by Ivanishin and Vagner due to a medical issues.
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Soyuz MS flights will continue until at least Soyuz MS-23, with regular crew rotation Soyuz flights being reduced from four a year to two a year with the introduction of
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The descent module communication and telemetry system also received upgrades that will eventually lead to having a voice channel in addition to the present telemetry.
443:
The first two portions are habitable living space. By moving as much as possible into the orbital module, which does not have to be shielded or decelerated during
629:). Outside the service module are the sensors for the orientation system and the solar array, which is oriented towards the sun by rotating the spacecraft.
380:. The Soyuz MS has minimal external changes with respect to the Soyuz TMA-M, mostly limited to antennas and sensors, as well as the thruster placement.
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crew to ISS. In August 2018, a hole was detected in the spacecraft's orbital module. Two cosmonauts did a spacewalk later in the year to inspect it.
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following 272 days in space. Christina Koch returned in his seat. Her flight broke Peggy
Whitson's record for the longest female spaceflight.
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astronaut to fly two ISS long-duration flights and took the record for the second longest amount of time in space for a
European.
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708:), weighs one-eighth that of its predecessor (8.3 kg versus 70 kg) while also being much smaller than the previous
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tourists to the ISS for EP-20. The crew returned to Earth after twelve days in space as part of
Visiting Expedition 20.
3610:"В случае подписания между Роскосмосом и @NASA соглашения о «перекрестных» полетах на МКС Анну Кикину планируется вв…"
3019:
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552:) is used for launch and the journey back to Earth. It is covered by a heat-resistant covering to protect it during
372:
spacecraft, with modernization mostly concentrated on the communications and navigation subsystems. It is used by
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crew to ISS. Crew was reduced to two following a
Russian decision to reduce the number of crew members on the
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398:(ISS). The trip included a two-day checkout phase for the design before docking with the ISS on 9 July 2016.
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cell efficiency improved to 14% (from 12%) and collective area increased by 1.1 m (12 sq ft).
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transponder to transmit its coordinates to ground control in real time during parachute fall and landing.
395:
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1528:, although they were pushed back due a change in the ISS flight program, Acaba was added by NASA later.
900:
826:
194:
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617:), a non-pressurized part of the service module, contains the main engine and a spare: liquid-fuel
492:. Estimated deliverable payload weight is up to 200 kg and up to 65 kg can be returned.
17:
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Instead of relying on ground stations for orbital determination and correction, the now-included
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following 289 days in space, breaking the record for the longest single spaceflight for a woman.
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crew to ISS. Originally scheduled to ferry the ISS-47/48 crew to ISS, although switched with
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3284:[A new version of the Soyuz to flight this year] (in Russian). Novosti Kosmonavtiki
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3441:[New reusable black box for the Soyuz MS] (in Russian). Ria Novosti. 30 June 2016
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While as of July 2016 it is not known whether the propulsion system is still called
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crew to ISS. The launch was advanced forward in order to avoid it happening during the
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was added to support the increased energy consumption from the improved electronics.
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3635:"Russia to launch new Soyuz capsule to replace leaky spacecraft on space station"
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At the back of the vehicle is the service or instrumentation/propulsion module (
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Additional micro-meteoroid protective layer was added to the BO orbital module.
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Planned to rotate future ISS crew. Will deliver
Expedition 77/78 crew to ISS.
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Planned to rotate future ISS crew. Will deliver
Expedition 76/77 crew to ISS.
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Planned to rotate future ISS crew. Will deliver
Expedition 75/76 crew to ISS.
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Planned to rotate future ISS crew. Will deliver
Expedition 74/75 crew to ISS.
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that required MS-23 to be launched uncrewed as its replacement. Delivered
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All the changes introduced with the EKTS enable the Soyuz to use the same
577:
447:, the Soyuz three-part craft is both larger and lighter than the two-part
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3101:"Soyuz Trio set for rare Nighttime Landing on Friday – ISS Expedition 45"
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3168:"Russia set for Station crew launch in upgraded Soyuz MS-series vehicle"
740:БА ДПО, Блоки Автоматики подсистема Двигателей Причаливания и Ориентации
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crew to ISS. Marked the first crewed use of the ultra-fast three-hour
642:
to a point where it will be low enough in the atmosphere to re-enter.
5422:
5307:
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was replaced with an integrated communications and telemetry system,
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2592:/EP-21 crew to ISS. Novitsky and Vasilevskaya returned to Earth on
1099:
1095:
691:
553:
419:
388:
3669:
2438:
for a year mission due to a coolant leak and returned to Earth on
1741:
crew to ISS, flight aborted. Both crew members were reassigned to
882:(two on the solar panels tips and two in the PAO) plus one S-band
726:
was redesigned to avoid false positives on propellant consumption.
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3595:"Грузовой корабль "Прогресс" полетит к МКС по сверхбыстрой схеме"
3544:
3484:"Коммерческий полет "Союза" на МКС планируется в 2022–2023 годах"
3247:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2563:
2009:/EP-19 crew to ISS. Al Mansouri became the first person from the
1668:
1587:
holidays, meaning the older two-day rendezvous scheme was needed.
766:
716:
661:
The Soyuz MS received the following upgrades with respect to the
414:
A Soyuz spacecraft consists of three parts (from front to back):
1946:
booster. First docking attempted was aborted due to an issue on
1524:
crew to ISS. Misurkin and Vande Hei were originally assigned to
1158:
in 2022, plus a currently unnumbered flight scheduled for 2023.
5600:
5556:
4000:
3994:
3989:
3966:
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3438:Для нового корабля "Союз-МС" создали многоразовый "черный ящик"
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after thirteen days in space as part of
Visiting Expedition 21.
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marked the final Soyuz to carry two Russian crew members until
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3412:"Launch vehicle with Soyuz MS spacecraft is on the launch pad"
5499:
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602:
481:
2017:
after eight days in space as part of Visiting Expedition 19.
649:
Re-entry firing is typically done on the "dawn" side of the
410:
Exploded plan of the Soyuz MS spacecraft and Soyuz FG rocket
364:: 11F732A48) is a revision of the Russian spacecraft series
3406:
3404:
3402:
3385:"Soyuz rocket flies critical test mission with Progress-MS"
3013:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3003:
3001:
1147:
842:МБИТС, МалогаБаритная Информационно-Телеметрическая Система
361:
3510:"Космические туристы смогут встретить Новый год на орбите"
2190:
crew to the ISS. Dubrov and Vande Hei were transferred to
1950:. Three days later, the spacecraft successfully docked to
581:
Drawing highlighting the instrumentation/propulsion module
5568:
5519:
3431:
3429:
3414:. S. P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation. 4 July 2016
2930:
2887:
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2509:
All three crew members were originally planned to fly on
2462:, which returned to Earth uncrewed due to a coolant leak.
2010:
1466:
823:
3399:
3336:"The EKTS communications system for Soyuz MS spacecraft"
3221:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3213:
2998:
2434:
crew to ISS. All three crew members were transferred to
2265:. The two spaceflight participants returned to Earth on
809:(UHF) ground stations but, thanks to the addition of an
638:
for re-entry, the spacecraft traveling on an elliptical
3426:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3267:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3042:"New Soyuz MS series manned spaceship goes into orbit"
1863:
and spent 328 days in space. Her seat was occupied by
512:
The forepart of the spacecraft is the orbital module (
3210:
3020:"Russia's Workhorse Soyuz Space Taxi Gets a Makeover"
2513:, but they were pushed back due to a coolant leak on
484:
produced by the crew and regenerates the oxygen, and
3355:
3353:
3107:
2966:
2525:
crew to ISS. Kononenko and Chub were transferred to
970:), the spacecraft uses a digital TV system based on
3254:
3034:
1020:The upgrade also replaces the old Rate Sensor Unit
948:
antenna were moved to fixed positions further back.
3329:
3327:
1942:Uncrewed test flight to validate Soyuz for use on
368:first launched in 2016. It is an evolution of the
3665:www.russianspaceweb.com – The Soyuz MS spacecraft
3350:
3189:
3187:
3185:
1003:БУПО, Блок Управления Причаливанием и Ориентацией
5672:
3138:
3136:
2771:Planned to rotate future ISS crew. Will deliver
2716:Planned to rotate future ISS crew. Will deliver
871:) system that has been integrated into the EKTS.
3453:
3324:
3196:"Propulsion system for the Soyuz MS spacecraft"
1303:deciding to reduce the Russian crew on the ISS.
3376:
3303:
3301:
3299:
3182:
5403:
5156:
5142:
3685:
3629:
3627:
3133:
3087:"Транспортный пилотируемый корабль "Союз ТМ""
2654:Planned to rotate future ISS crew. Delivered
955:received a backup electric driving mechanism.
799:ЕКТС, Единая Kомандно-Телеметрическая Система
738:
678:
35:
3056:
2529:for a year mission and returned to Earth on
2194:for a year mission and returned to Earth on
3534:
3296:
3281:Новая модификация "Союза" полетит через год
3277:
3159:
1800:crew to ISS, launch was advanced following
1745:and flew six months later on 14 March 2019.
844:), has been fully integrated into the EKTS.
5655:List of Russian human spaceflight missions
5410:
5396:
5149:
5135:
3722:List of Russian human spaceflight missions
3692:
3678:
3624:
832:The old information and telemetry system,
593:). It has an instrumentation compartment (
5650:List of Soviet human spaceflight missions
3717:List of Soviet human spaceflight missions
3607:
3462:""Black Box" for the Soyuz MS spacecraft"
3362:"The Kurs-NA docking system for Soyuz MS"
3113:
743:), had to be modified for changes in the
3577:"Soyuz MS-07 to carry fresh crew to ISS"
3537:"RSC #Energia signed a contract with..."
3165:
2320:Delivered one Russian cosmonaut and two
1133:
1122:
1114:
1030:БДУС-3М, Блок Датчиков Угловых Скоростей
991:БУРК, Блок Управления Резервным Контуром
847:The old VHF radio communication system (
777:The old radio command system, the BRTS (
656:
576:
535:
503:
405:
5115:The † sign designates failed missions.
3232:(YouTube). Space Station Live. NASA JSC
2458:Uncrewed flight to replace the damaged
2371:Delivered three Russian cosmonauts for
783:БРТС Бортовая Радио-техническая Система
763:АСН-К, Аппаратура Спутниковой Навигации
540:Drawing highlighting the descent module
508:Drawing highlighting the orbital module
27:Latest revision of the Soyuz spacecraft
14:
5673:
1465:crew to ISS. Nespoli became the first
5425:government human spaceflight programs
5391:
5130:
3673:
1804:in order to avoid de-crewing the ISS.
1127:Soyuz MS-05 docked to Rassvet during
1092:СЗИ-М, Система Запоминания Информации
863:) was replaced with the Rassvet-3BM (
683:) power supply system have had their
632:
5113:; exceptions are noted "(uncrewed)".
5105:Uncrewed missions are designated as
3114:Hendrickx, Bart (17 December 2012).
2984:
2249:Delivered one Russian cosmonaut for
2131:with the ISS previously tested with
473:cylinders, which absorb most of the
3699:
3459:
3382:
3359:
3333:
3307:
3193:
3142:
3062:
3017:
853:Система Телефонно-Телеграфной Связи
722:The propellant consumption signal,
589:: приборно-агрегатный отсек (ПАО),
24:
5503:(incorporated into Salyut program)
3229:The New, Improved Soyuz Spacecraft
1110:
488:cylinders which absorb leftover CO
208:2.72 m (8 ft 11 in)
25:
5702:
3658:
1015:БПС, Блок Преобразования Сигналов
1005:) and the signal conversion unit
572:
567:nearly every automobile headlight
531:
499:
132:10.5 m (370 cu ft)
5220:
3778:
3242:
2969:
2944:
2935:
2924:
2901:
2892:
2881:
2858:
2847:
2836:
2811:
2800:
2789:
2760:
2749:
2738:
2705:
2694:
2683:
2643:
2632:
2621:
2573:
2562:
2551:
2498:
2487:
2476:
2415:
2404:
2393:
2360:
2349:
2338:
2309:
2298:
2287:
2238:
2227:
2216:
2171:
2160:
2149:
2108:
2097:
2086:
2053:
2042:
2031:
1990:
1979:
1968:
1903:
1892:
1881:
1840:
1829:
1818:
1781:
1770:
1759:
1722:
1711:
1678:
1667:
1656:
1623:
1612:
1601:
1564:
1553:
1542:
1505:
1494:
1483:
1446:
1435:
1424:
1387:
1376:
1339:
1328:
1317:
1272:
1261:
1250:
1213:
1202:
1191:
979:Digital Backup Loop Control Unit
958:Instead of the analog TV system
892:The EKTS system also includes a
878:antennas are replaced with four
44:
3601:
3587:
3569:
3551:
3528:
3502:
3476:
3166:Gebhardt, Chris (6 July 2016).
3145:"Power for Soyuz MS spacecraft"
1358:crew to ISS. Whitson landed on
1063:), have been replaced with the
591:Priborno-Agregatniy Otsek (PAO)
50:Soyuz MS-20 approaching the ISS
5119:designates cancelled missions.
3608:@roscosmos (20 January 2022).
3093:
3079:
2013:to fly in space. He landed on
1922:crew to ISS. Morgan landed on
1138:Soyuz MS-15 ascending to orbit
669:The fixed solar panels of the
193:10.7 m (35 ft) with
116:7,080 kg (15,610 lb)
13:
1:
5660:Cosmonaut ranks and positions
3770:Cosmonaut ranks and positions
3535:@katlinegrey (25 June 2020).
3065:"First Soyuz MS enters orbit"
2962:
1119:Soyuz MS-02 in September 2016
1098:and a recording speed of 256
325:
3460:Zak, Anatoly (7 July 2016).
3383:Zak, Anatoly (3 July 2016).
3360:Zak, Anatoly (8 July 2016).
3334:Zak, Anatoly (7 July 2016).
3308:Zak, Anatoly (8 July 2016).
3194:Zak, Anatoly (7 July 2016).
3143:Zak, Anatoly (6 July 2016).
3063:Zak, Anatoly (7 July 2016).
3018:Zak, Anatoly (5 July 2016).
1859:crew to ISS. Koch landed on
1146:(CCP) flights contracted by
462:Soyuz can carry up to three
7:
5691:Vehicles introduced in 2016
3516:(in Russian). 20 April 2020
3490:(in Russian). 27 April 2020
2273:after eleven days in space.
2261:for a movie project called
801:). It can use not only the
752:Satellite Navigation System
680:CЭП, Система Электропитания
569:was a circular paraboloid.
548:: спускаемый аппарат (СА),
439:with solar panels attached.
396:International Space Station
190:7.48 m (24.5 ft)
164:International Space Station
10:
5707:
3226:Rob Navias (8 July 2016).
625:: переходной отсек (ПхО),
5637:
5538:
5477:
5461:
5430:
5364:
5326:
5290:
5229:
5218:
5164:
5158:Soyuz spacecraft variants
5103:
5067:
5046:
4895:
4781:
4657:
4469:
4358:
4327:
4280:
4094:
4068:
4042:
4017:
3905:
3796:
3787:
3776:
3730:
3707:
2669:
2607:
1177:
1091:
1076:
1060:
1041:
1029:
1014:
1002:
990:
967:
923:
868:
860:
852:
841:
798:
782:
762:
739:
690:A fifth battery with 155
679:
613:: агрегатный отсек (АО),
401:
387:on 7 July 2016, aboard a
357:
334:
328:
324:
320:
310:
305:
301:
297:
289:
277:
265:
257:
249:
241:
233:
225:
220:
216:
212:
204:
183:
178:
174:
170:
157:
147:
136:
128:
120:
112:
102:
97:
93:
89:
79:
69:
59:
55:
43:
36:
3437:
3280:
3278:Krasilnikov, A. (2015).
2537:after 374 days in space.
2442:after 371 days in space.
2259:spaceflight participants
2202:after 355 days in space.
944:antennas, while the two
880:omnidirectional antennas
627:Perekhodnoi Otsek (PkhO)
597:: приборный отсек (ПО),
261:22 (not including MS-10)
5577:Martian Piloted Complex
5451:Russian Orbital Segment
3581:www.russianspaceweb.com
3563:www.russianspaceweb.com
3044:. TASS. 15 January 2016
1685:Serena Auñón-Chancellor
1408:Russian Orbital Segment
550:Spuskaemiy apparat (SA)
161:210 days when docked to
5645:List of Soyuz missions
3712:List of Soyuz missions
3559:"First Soyuz MS flies"
1139:
1131:
1120:
582:
541:
516:: бытовой отсек (БО),
509:
411:
245:24 (as of 15 Sep 2023)
3738:Soyuz (rocket family)
3310:"Soyuz MS spacecraft"
3170:. NASASpaceflight.com
3116:"Soyuz-MS spacecraft"
3022:. NASASpaceflight.com
2956:~ 180 days (planned)
2913:~ 180 days (planned)
2870:~ 180 days (planned)
2825:~ 180 days (planned)
2778:~ 180 days (planned)
2727:~ 180 days (planned)
2665:~ 180 days (planned)
1137:
1126:
1118:
785:) that relied on the
657:Soyuz MS improvements
615:Agregatniy Otsek (AO)
580:
539:
507:
409:
383:The first launch was
3913:Zond lunar programme
3790:(by spacecraft type)
2745:Sergey Kud-Sverchkov
2580:Tracy Caldwell Dyson
2535:Tracy Caldwell Dyson
2104:Sergey Kud-Sverchkov
1733:Intended to deliver
807:Ultra high frequency
603:radio communications
599:Priborniy Otsek (PO)
544:The reentry module (
428:A small aerodynamic
3748:Baikonur Cosmodrome
3464:. Russian Space Web
3387:. Russian Space Web
3364:. Russian Space Web
3338:. Russian Space Web
3312:. Russian Space Web
3198:. Russian Space Web
3147:. Russian Space Web
3120:nasaspaceflight.com
3067:. Russian Space Web
2569:Marina Vasilevskaya
2060:Christopher Cassidy
1888:Aleksandr Skvortsov
1777:David Saint-Jacques
803:Very high frequency
729:The avionics unit,
40:
5020:(uncrewed landing)
4227:(uncrewed landing)
3743:Soyuz (spacecraft)
2994:. Spaceflight 101.
2977:Spaceflight portal
2294:Alexander Misurkin
1490:Alexander Misurkin
1140:
1132:
1121:
1067:powered headlight
940:antenna and three
886:, also in the PAO.
815:Luch Constellation
704:The new computer (
694:capacity known as
633:Re-entry procedure
619:propulsion systems
583:
542:
518:Bitovoy otsek (BO)
510:
412:
306:Related spacecraft
107:Crewed spaceflight
32:
5681:Crewed spacecraft
5668:
5667:
5529:
5516:
5504:
5447:
5385:
5384:
5365:Other derivatives
5124:
5123:
5042:
5041:
5029:(uncrewed launch)
4242:(uncrewed launch)
4053:Soyuz 7K-LOK No.1
4028:Soyuz 7K-L1E No.1
3765:Soyuz abort modes
3643:. 11 January 2023
2960:
2959:
2178:Mark T. Vande Hei
2038:Anatoli Ivanishin
1997:Hazza Al Mansouri
1865:Hazza Al Mansouri
1630:Richard R. Arnold
1619:Andrew J. Feustel
1501:Mark T. Vande Hei
1383:Fyodor Yurchikhin
1198:Anatoli Ivanishin
903:terminals as the
563:ballistic reentry
449:Apollo spacecraft
378:human spaceflight
346:
345:
342:
341:
70:Country of origin
16:(Redirected from
5698:
5626:Space Stations:
5566:Interplanetary:
5527:
5514:
5502:
5445:
5412:
5405:
5398:
5389:
5388:
5224:
5151:
5144:
5137:
5128:
5127:
5047:Current missions
5030:
5021:
4977:
4485:
4385:
4315:
4243:
4228:
4167:
3863:
3818:
3813:Soyuz 7K-OK No.1
3794:
3793:
3782:
3694:
3687:
3680:
3671:
3670:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3648:
3631:
3622:
3621:
3605:
3599:
3598:
3597:. 20 March 2020.
3591:
3585:
3584:
3573:
3567:
3566:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3495:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3457:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3446:
3433:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3408:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3380:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3369:
3357:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3331:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3305:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3275:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3239:
3237:
3223:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3203:
3191:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3140:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3111:
3105:
3104:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3083:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3060:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3015:
2996:
2995:
2988:
2979:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2949:
2948:
2940:
2939:
2929:
2928:
2906:
2905:
2897:
2896:
2886:
2885:
2863:
2862:
2852:
2851:
2841:
2840:
2816:
2815:
2805:
2804:
2794:
2793:
2775:/74 crew to ISS.
2765:
2764:
2754:
2753:
2743:
2742:
2710:
2709:
2701:Alexey Zubritsky
2699:
2698:
2688:
2687:
2648:
2647:
2637:
2636:
2628:Aleksey Ovchinin
2626:
2625:
2578:
2577:
2567:
2566:
2556:
2555:
2503:
2502:
2492:
2491:
2481:
2480:
2420:
2419:
2409:
2408:
2400:Sergey Prokopyev
2398:
2397:
2365:
2364:
2354:
2353:
2343:
2342:
2322:Space Adventures
2314:
2313:
2303:
2302:
2292:
2291:
2243:
2242:
2232:
2231:
2223:Anton Shkaplerov
2221:
2220:
2200:Anton Shkaplerov
2176:
2175:
2165:
2164:
2154:
2153:
2113:
2112:
2102:
2101:
2091:
2090:
2058:
2057:
2047:
2046:
2036:
2035:
1995:
1994:
1984:
1983:
1973:
1972:
1910:Andrew R. Morgan
1908:
1907:
1897:
1896:
1886:
1885:
1845:
1844:
1834:
1833:
1825:Aleksey Ovchinin
1823:
1822:
1786:
1785:
1775:
1774:
1764:
1763:
1727:
1726:
1718:Aleksey Ovchinin
1716:
1715:
1683:
1682:
1672:
1671:
1663:Sergey Prokopyev
1661:
1660:
1628:
1627:
1617:
1616:
1606:
1605:
1569:
1568:
1558:
1557:
1549:Anton Shkaplerov
1547:
1546:
1510:
1509:
1499:
1498:
1488:
1487:
1451:
1450:
1442:Randolph Bresnik
1440:
1439:
1431:Sergey Ryazansky
1429:
1428:
1392:
1391:
1381:
1380:
1344:
1343:
1333:
1332:
1322:
1321:
1277:
1276:
1268:Andrey Borisenko
1266:
1265:
1255:
1254:
1218:
1217:
1207:
1206:
1196:
1195:
1161:
1160:
1093:
1082:A new black box
1078:
1062:
1043:
1031:
1016:
1004:
993:), developed by
992:
969:
925:
870:
862:
854:
843:
800:
784:
764:
742:
741:
682:
681:
624:
612:
596:
588:
547:
515:
359:
326:
184:Solar array span
48:
41:
39:
38:
31:
21:
5706:
5705:
5701:
5700:
5699:
5697:
5696:
5695:
5671:
5670:
5669:
5664:
5633:
5609:Tupolev Tu-2000
5534:
5473:
5457:
5426:
5416:
5386:
5381:
5360:
5322:
5286:
5225:
5216:
5165:Early programme
5160:
5155:
5125:
5120:
5114:
5099:
5068:Future missions
5063:
5038:
5028:
5019:
4975:
4891:
4777:
4653:
4483:
4465:
4383:
4354:
4323:
4309:
4276:
4241:
4226:
4165:
4090:
4064:
4038:
4013:
3910:
3901:
3861:
3816:
3789:
3783:
3774:
3726:
3703:
3701:Soyuz programme
3698:
3661:
3656:
3646:
3644:
3633:
3632:
3625:
3606:
3602:
3593:
3592:
3588:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3557:
3556:
3552:
3533:
3529:
3519:
3517:
3508:
3507:
3503:
3493:
3491:
3482:
3481:
3477:
3467:
3465:
3458:
3454:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3435:
3434:
3427:
3417:
3415:
3410:
3409:
3400:
3390:
3388:
3381:
3377:
3367:
3365:
3358:
3351:
3341:
3339:
3332:
3325:
3315:
3313:
3306:
3297:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3276:
3255:
3243:
3235:
3233:
3225:
3224:
3211:
3201:
3199:
3192:
3183:
3173:
3171:
3164:
3160:
3150:
3148:
3141:
3134:
3124:
3122:
3112:
3108:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3070:
3068:
3061:
3057:
3047:
3045:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3025:
3023:
3016:
2999:
2990:
2989:
2985:
2975:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2943:
2942:
2934:
2933:
2923:
2900:
2899:
2891:
2890:
2880:
2857:
2856:
2846:
2845:
2835:
2810:
2809:
2807:Sergey Korsakov
2799:
2798:
2788:
2759:
2758:
2748:
2747:
2737:
2704:
2703:
2693:
2692:
2690:Sergey Ryzhikov
2682:
2642:
2641:
2631:
2630:
2620:
2572:
2571:
2561:
2560:
2550:
2497:
2496:
2486:
2485:
2475:
2422:Francisco Rubio
2414:
2413:
2403:
2402:
2392:
2367:Sergey Korsakov
2359:
2358:
2348:
2347:
2337:
2308:
2307:
2297:
2296:
2286:
2237:
2236:
2226:
2225:
2215:
2170:
2169:
2159:
2158:
2148:
2115:Kathleen Rubins
2107:
2106:
2096:
2095:
2093:Sergey Ryzhikov
2085:
2052:
2051:
2041:
2040:
2030:
1989:
1988:
1978:
1977:
1975:Oleg Skripochka
1967:
1902:
1901:
1891:
1890:
1880:
1839:
1838:
1828:
1827:
1817:
1780:
1779:
1769:
1768:
1758:
1721:
1720:
1710:
1677:
1676:
1674:Alexander Gerst
1666:
1665:
1655:
1622:
1621:
1611:
1610:
1600:
1571:Norishige Kanai
1563:
1562:
1560:Scott D. Tingle
1552:
1551:
1541:
1512:Joseph M. Acaba
1504:
1503:
1493:
1492:
1482:
1445:
1444:
1434:
1433:
1423:
1394:Jack D. Fischer
1386:
1385:
1375:
1338:
1337:
1327:
1326:
1316:
1279:Shane Kimbrough
1271:
1270:
1260:
1259:
1257:Sergey Ryzhikov
1249:
1220:Kathleen Rubins
1212:
1211:
1201:
1200:
1190:
1144:Commercial Crew
1113:
1111:List of flights
1032:) with the new
905:Russian Segment
659:
635:
622:
610:
607:radio telemetry
594:
586:
575:
545:
534:
513:
502:
491:
478:
471:
404:
284:
200:
162:
152:Low Earth orbit
103:Spacecraft type
51:
34:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5704:
5694:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5641:
5639:
5635:
5634:
5632:
5631:
5623:
5611:
5579:
5563:
5542:
5540:
5536:
5535:
5533:
5532:
5531:
5530:
5517:
5509:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5481:
5479:
5475:
5474:
5472:
5471:
5465:
5463:
5462:In development
5459:
5458:
5456:
5455:
5454:
5453:
5440:
5434:
5432:
5428:
5427:
5415:
5414:
5407:
5400:
5392:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5379:
5374:
5368:
5366:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5336:Progress 7K-TG
5332:
5330:
5324:
5323:
5321:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5294:
5292:
5288:
5287:
5285:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5233:
5231:
5227:
5226:
5219:
5217:
5215:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5168:
5166:
5162:
5161:
5154:
5153:
5146:
5139:
5131:
5122:
5121:
5104:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5097:
5096:
5095:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5080:
5071:
5069:
5065:
5064:
5062:
5061:
5056:
5050:
5048:
5044:
5043:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5036:
5031:
5022:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4902:
4900:
4899:(2016–present)
4893:
4892:
4890:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4788:
4786:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4664:
4662:
4655:
4654:
4652:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4476:
4474:
4467:
4466:
4464:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4427:
4422:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4377:
4372:
4365:
4363:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4352:
4346:
4340:
4334:
4332:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4316:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4287:
4285:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4235:
4229:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4184:
4179:
4173:
4168:
4159:
4154:
4148:
4143:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4101:
4099:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4082:
4075:
4073:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4062:
4056:
4049:
4047:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4031:
4024:
4022:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4011:
4004:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3981:
3975:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3953:
3947:
3942:
3936:
3930:
3924:
3918:
3916:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3824:
3819:
3810:
3803:
3801:
3791:
3785:
3784:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3755:
3745:
3740:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3697:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3674:
3668:
3667:
3660:
3659:External links
3657:
3655:
3654:
3623:
3616:) – via
3600:
3586:
3568:
3550:
3543:) – via
3527:
3501:
3475:
3452:
3425:
3398:
3375:
3349:
3323:
3295:
3253:
3209:
3181:
3158:
3132:
3106:
3092:
3078:
3055:
3033:
2997:
2982:
2981:
2980:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2921:
2915:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2776:
2769:
2756:Sergey Mikajew
2735:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2714:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2663:
2652:
2618:
2612:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2601:
2582:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2507:
2483:Oleg Kononenko
2473:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2456:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2443:
2424:
2411:Dmitry Petelin
2390:
2384:
2383:
2380:
2369:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2318:
2305:Yusaku Maezawa
2284:
2278:
2277:
2274:
2247:
2245:Yulia Peresild
2213:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2180:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2117:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2062:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2018:
1999:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1940:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1912:
1899:Luca Parmitano
1878:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1849:
1847:Christina Koch
1815:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1790:
1766:Oleg Kononenko
1756:
1750:
1749:
1746:
1731:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1698:
1687:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1643:
1632:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1573:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1514:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1455:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1411:
1396:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1348:
1335:Thomas Pesquet
1314:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1281:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1236:due to delays.
1222:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1080:
1045:
1018:
975:
956:
953:docking system
949:
912:
901:ground segment
897:
890:
887:
872:
845:
830:
829:in the future.
775:
748:
727:
720:
713:
702:
699:
688:
658:
655:
634:
631:
574:
573:Service module
571:
533:
532:Descent module
530:
501:
500:Orbital module
498:
489:
476:
469:
453:command module
441:
440:
437:service module
435:A cylindrical
433:
430:reentry module
426:
423:orbital module
403:
400:
392:launch vehicle
344:
343:
340:
339:
333:
322:
321:
318:
317:
312:
308:
307:
303:
302:
299:
298:
295:
294:
291:
287:
286:
279:
275:
274:
267:
263:
262:
259:
255:
254:
251:
247:
246:
243:
239:
238:
235:
231:
230:
227:
223:
222:
218:
217:
214:
213:
210:
209:
206:
202:
201:
199:
198:
191:
187:
185:
181:
180:
176:
175:
172:
171:
168:
167:
159:
155:
154:
149:
145:
144:
138:
134:
133:
130:
126:
125:
122:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
98:Specifications
95:
94:
91:
90:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
53:
52:
49:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5703:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5686:Soyuz program
5684:
5682:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5642:
5640:
5636:
5630:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5618:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5606:
5602:
5598:
5594:
5590:
5586:
5583:
5582:Spaceplanes:
5580:
5578:
5574:
5570:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5558:
5554:
5550:
5547:
5544:
5543:
5541:
5537:
5526:
5523:
5522:
5521:
5518:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5482:
5480:
5476:
5470:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5460:
5452:
5449:
5448:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5429:
5424:
5420:
5413:
5408:
5406:
5401:
5399:
5394:
5393:
5390:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5369:
5367:
5363:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5329:
5325:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5289:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5272:Soyuz 7K-T/A9
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5257:Soyuz 7K-T/AF
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5232:
5228:
5223:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5163:
5159:
5152:
5147:
5145:
5140:
5138:
5133:
5132:
5129:
5118:
5112:
5108:
5102:
5094:
5091:
5090:
5088:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5073:
5072:
5070:
5066:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5045:
5035:
5032:
5026:
5023:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4894:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4792:Soyuz TMA-01M
4790:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4780:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4656:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4481:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4468:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4357:
4350:
4347:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4326:
4320:
4317:
4313:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4279:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4239:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4093:
4086:
4083:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4067:
4060:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4041:
4035:
4032:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4016:
4010:
4009:
4005:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3908:
3904:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3814:
3811:
3808:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3795:
3792:
3788:Past missions
3786:
3781:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3729:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3706:
3702:
3695:
3690:
3688:
3683:
3681:
3676:
3675:
3672:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3630:
3628:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3604:
3596:
3590:
3582:
3578:
3572:
3564:
3560:
3554:
3546:
3542:
3538:
3531:
3515:
3511:
3505:
3489:
3485:
3479:
3463:
3456:
3440:
3432:
3430:
3413:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3386:
3379:
3363:
3356:
3354:
3337:
3330:
3328:
3311:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3283:
3274:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3250:
3249:public domain
3231:
3230:
3222:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3214:
3197:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3169:
3162:
3146:
3139:
3137:
3121:
3117:
3110:
3102:
3096:
3088:
3082:
3066:
3059:
3043:
3037:
3021:
3014:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3004:
3002:
2993:
2987:
2983:
2978:
2967:
2955:
2952:
2947:
2938:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2904:
2895:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2866:
2861:
2855:
2850:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2814:
2808:
2803:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2774:
2773:Expedition 73
2770:
2768:
2767:Oleg Platonov
2763:
2757:
2752:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2723:
2719:
2718:Expedition 72
2715:
2713:
2708:
2702:
2697:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2672:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2656:Expedition 71
2653:
2651:
2650:Donald Pettit
2646:
2640:
2635:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2586:Expedition 70
2583:
2581:
2576:
2570:
2565:
2559:
2558:Oleg Novitsky
2554:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2527:Expedition 71
2524:
2520:
2519:Expedition 69
2516:
2512:
2508:
2506:
2501:
2495:
2490:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2444:
2441:
2437:
2436:Expedition 69
2433:
2429:
2428:Expedition 67
2425:
2423:
2418:
2412:
2407:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2373:Expedition 66
2370:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2356:Denis Matveev
2352:
2346:
2345:Oleg Artemyev
2341:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2323:
2319:
2317:
2312:
2306:
2301:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2272:
2271:Oleg Novitsky
2268:
2264:
2263:The Challenge
2260:
2256:
2252:
2251:Expedition 65
2248:
2246:
2241:
2235:
2234:Klim Shipenko
2230:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2192:Expedition 66
2189:
2185:
2184:Expedition 64
2181:
2179:
2174:
2168:
2163:
2157:
2156:Oleg Novitsky
2152:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2121:Expedition 63
2118:
2116:
2111:
2105:
2100:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2071:
2067:
2066:Expedition 62
2063:
2061:
2056:
2050:
2045:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2003:Expedition 61
2000:
1998:
1993:
1987:
1982:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1916:Expedition 60
1913:
1911:
1906:
1900:
1895:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1853:Expedition 59
1850:
1848:
1843:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1794:Expedition 58
1791:
1789:
1784:
1778:
1773:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1735:Expedition 57
1732:
1730:
1725:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1692:
1691:Expedition 56
1688:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1670:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1636:Expedition 55
1633:
1631:
1626:
1620:
1615:
1609:
1608:Oleg Artemyev
1604:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1577:Expedition 54
1574:
1572:
1567:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1518:Expedition 53
1515:
1513:
1508:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1459:Expedition 52
1456:
1454:
1453:Paolo Nespoli
1449:
1443:
1438:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1400:Expedition 51
1397:
1395:
1390:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1352:Expedition 50
1349:
1347:
1346:Peggy Whitson
1342:
1336:
1331:
1325:
1324:Oleg Novitsky
1320:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1291:crew to ISS.
1290:
1286:
1285:Expedition 49
1282:
1280:
1275:
1269:
1264:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1234:Soyuz TMA-20M
1231:
1227:
1226:Expedition 48
1223:
1221:
1216:
1210:
1209:Takuya Onishi
1205:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1136:
1130:
1129:Expedition 53
1125:
1117:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1039:
1035:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1012:
1008:
1000:
996:
988:
984:
980:
976:
973:
965:
961:
957:
954:
950:
947:
943:
939:
936:replaced the
935:
932:
929:
921:
917:
913:
910:
906:
902:
898:
895:
894:COSPAS-SARSAT
891:
888:
885:
881:
877:
873:
866:
858:
855:) Rassvet-M (
850:
846:
839:
835:
831:
828:
825:
821:
816:
813:antenna, the
812:
808:
804:
796:
792:
788:
780:
776:
772:
768:
760:
756:
753:
749:
746:
736:
732:
728:
725:
721:
718:
714:
711:
707:
703:
700:
697:
693:
689:
686:
676:
672:
668:
667:
666:
664:
654:
652:
647:
643:
641:
640:Hohmann orbit
630:
628:
620:
616:
608:
604:
600:
592:
579:
570:
568:
564:
559:
555:
551:
538:
529:
525:
521:
519:
506:
497:
493:
487:
483:
479:
472:
465:
460:
458:
454:
450:
446:
438:
434:
431:
427:
424:
421:
417:
416:
415:
408:
399:
397:
393:
390:
386:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
355:
351:
337:
332:
329:←
327:
323:
319:
316:
313:
309:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
285:(7 July 2016)
283:
280:
278:Maiden launch
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
196:
192:
189:
188:
186:
182:
177:
173:
169:
165:
160:
156:
153:
150:
146:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
121:Crew capacity
119:
115:
111:
108:
105:
101:
96:
92:
88:
85:
82:
78:
75:
72:
68:
65:
62:
58:
54:
47:
42:
30:
19:
5625:
5613:
5581:
5565:
5549:Zond (7K-L1)
5545:
5512:Apollo–Soyuz
5317:
5291:Later series
5282:Soyuz 7K-MF6
5262:Soyuz 7K-OKS
5247:Soyuz 7K-LOK
5116:
5110:
5106:
4896:
4312:Apollo–Soyuz
4070:Soyuz 7K-OKS
4044:Soyuz 7K-LOK
4019:Soyuz 7K-L1E
4006:
3999:
3645:. Retrieved
3638:
3603:
3589:
3580:
3571:
3562:
3553:
3530:
3518:. Retrieved
3513:
3504:
3492:. Retrieved
3487:
3478:
3466:. Retrieved
3455:
3443:. Retrieved
3416:. Retrieved
3389:. Retrieved
3378:
3366:. Retrieved
3340:. Retrieved
3314:. Retrieved
3286:. Retrieved
3234:. Retrieved
3228:
3200:. Retrieved
3172:. Retrieved
3161:
3149:. Retrieved
3123:. Retrieved
3119:
3109:
3095:
3081:
3069:. Retrieved
3058:
3046:. Retrieved
3036:
3024:. Retrieved
2986:
2796:Pyotr Dubrov
2724:crew to ISS.
2670:
2662:crew to ISS.
2608:
2598:Loral O'Hara
2505:Loral O'Hara
2494:Nikolai Chub
2379:crew to ISS.
2167:Pyotr Dubrov
1986:Jessica Meir
1867:for landing.
1788:Anne McClain
1642:crew to ISS.
1178:
1154:in 2021 and
1141:
1083:
1068:
1052:
1051:headlights,
1033:
1021:
1006:
982:
978:
959:
945:
941:
937:
931:phased array
927:
884:phased array
875:
833:
790:
786:
765:) relies on
754:
730:
723:
709:
705:
695:
685:photovoltaic
670:
660:
648:
644:
636:
626:
623:(in Russian)
614:
611:(in Russian)
598:
595:(in Russian)
590:
587:(in Russian)
584:
549:
546:(in Russian)
543:
526:
522:
517:
514:(in Russian)
511:
494:
461:
442:
413:
394:towards the
382:
349:
347:
311:Derived from
195:solar panels
60:Manufacturer
29:
5525:Shuttle-Mir
5356:Progress-MS
5351:Progress-M2
5346:Progress-M1
5313:Soyuz TMA-M
5277:Soyuz 7K-TM
5252:Soyuz 7K-TK
5242:Soyuz 7K-L1
5237:Soyuz 7K-OK
5212:Soyuz 7K-TK
5109:instead of
4906:Soyuz MS-01
4785:(2010–2016)
4783:Soyuz-TMA-M
4668:Soyuz TMA-1
4661:(2002–2012)
4473:(1986–2002)
4369:Kosmos 1001
4362:(1978–1986)
4331:(1974–1976)
4284:(1974–1976)
4282:Soyuz 7K-TM
4098:(1972–1981)
4046:(1971–1972)
4021:(1969–1970)
3909:(1967–1970)
3907:Soyuz 7K-L1
3800:(1966–1970)
3798:Soyuz 7K-OK
3731:Main topics
3514:РИА Новости
3488:РИА Новости
2919:Soyuz MS-32
2876:Soyuz MS-31
2831:Soyuz MS-30
2818:Anna Kikina
2784:Soyuz MS-29
2733:Soyuz MS-28
2678:Soyuz MS-27
2639:Ivan Vagner
2616:Soyuz MS-26
2609:In Progress
2594:Soyuz MS-24
2546:Soyuz MS-25
2531:Soyuz MS-25
2515:Soyuz MS-22
2511:Soyuz MS-23
2471:Soyuz MS-24
2460:Soyuz MS-22
2451:Soyuz MS-23
2440:Soyuz MS-23
2388:Soyuz MS-22
2333:Soyuz MS-21
2316:Yozo Hirano
2282:Soyuz MS-20
2267:Soyuz MS-18
2211:Soyuz MS-19
2196:Soyuz MS-19
2144:Soyuz MS-18
2135:spacecraft.
2081:Soyuz MS-17
2049:Ivan Vagner
2026:Soyuz MS-16
2015:Soyuz MS-12
1963:Soyuz MS-15
1935:Soyuz MS-14
1924:Soyuz MS-15
1876:Soyuz MS-13
1861:Soyuz MS-13
1813:Soyuz MS-12
1802:Soyuz MS-10
1754:Soyuz MS-11
1743:Soyuz MS-12
1706:Soyuz MS-10
1651:Soyuz MS-09
1596:Soyuz MS-08
1537:Soyuz MS-07
1526:Soyuz MS-04
1478:Soyuz MS-06
1419:Soyuz MS-05
1371:Soyuz MS-04
1360:Soyuz MS-04
1312:Soyuz MS-03
1297:Soyuz MS-16
1293:Soyuz MS-02
1245:Soyuz MS-02
1186:Soyuz MS-01
1156:Soyuz MS-23
1152:Soyuz MS-20
995:RSC Energia
869:Рассвет-3БМ
663:Soyuz TMA-M
558:heat shield
459:in Apollo.
385:Soyuz MS-01
370:Soyuz TMA-M
331:Soyuz TMA-M
315:Soyuz TMA-M
290:Last launch
282:Soyuz MS-01
271:Soyuz MS-10
250:Operational
158:Design life
113:Launch mass
5675:Categories
5614:Capsules:
5341:Progress-M
5267:Soyuz 7K-T
4976:(uncrewed)
4484:(uncrewed)
4480:Soyuz TM-1
4384:(uncrewed)
4338:Kosmos 670
4329:Soyuz 7K-S
4291:Kosmos 638
4166:(uncrewed)
4130:Kosmos 656
4120:Kosmos 613
4105:Kosmos 496
4096:Soyuz 7K-T
4034:Kosmos 382
3933:Zond 1967A
3922:Kosmos 146
3862:(uncrewed)
3833:Kosmos 186
3822:Kosmos 140
3817:(uncrewed)
3807:Kosmos 133
3647:16 January
2992:"Soyuz MS"
2963:References
2584:Delivered
2426:Delivered
2182:Delivered
2129:rendezvous
2119:Delivered
2064:Delivered
2001:Delivered
1944:Soyuz-2.1a
1914:Delivered
1851:Delivered
1836:Nick Hague
1792:Delivered
1729:Nick Hague
1689:Delivered
1634:Delivered
1575:Delivered
1516:Delivered
1457:Delivered
1398:Delivered
1350:Delivered
1283:Delivered
1224:Delivered
946:2ASF-M-VKA
805:(VHF) and
464:cosmonauts
221:Production
179:Dimensions
5539:Cancelled
5308:Soyuz TMA
5230:7K series
5202:Soyuz PPK
5187:Soyuz 11K
4659:Soyuz-TMA
4380:Soyuz T-1
3758:Site 31/6
3640:Space.com
2712:Jonny Kim
2603:184 days
2540:204 days
2465:215 days
2445:187 days
2382:194 days
2276:176 days
2205:191 days
2138:185 days
2075:195 days
2020:205 days
1929:201 days
1870:203 days
1807:204 days
1748:19m, 41s
1700:196 days
1645:198 days
1590:168 days
1585:Christmas
1531:168 days
1472:139 days
1413:136 days
1365:196 days
1306:173 days
1301:Roscosmos
1239:115 days
1179:Completed
1173:Duration
861:Рассвет-М
818:American
712:computer.
374:Roscosmos
137:Batteries
84:Roscosmos
5528:(joint)
5515:(joint)
5446:(joint)
5328:Progress
5318:Soyuz MS
5303:Soyuz-TM
5192:Soyuz-VI
5182:Soyuz 9K
5177:Soyuz 7K
4897:Soyuz MS
4471:Soyuz-TM
4301:Soyuz 16
4135:Soyuz 14
4125:Soyuz 13
4115:Soyuz 12
4079:Soyuz 10
3978:Zond-M 1
3753:Site 1/5
3520:17 March
3494:17 March
2327:12 days
2257:and two
2133:Progress
1957:15 days
1467:European
1047:The old
914:The new
874:The old
824:European
822:and the
710:Argon-16
706:TsVM-101
692:amp-hour
554:re-entry
445:re-entry
420:spheroid
389:Soyuz-FG
350:Soyuz MS
338:→
242:Launched
197:deployed
80:Operator
33:Soyuz MS
18:Soyuz-MS
5638:Related
5589:Energia
5490:Voskhod
5423:Russian
5298:Soyuz-T
5207:Soyuz R
5197:Soyuz P
5117:Italics
4887:TMA-20M
4882:TMA-19M
4877:TMA-18M
4872:TMA-17M
4867:TMA-16M
4862:TMA-15M
4857:TMA-14M
4852:TMA-13M
4847:TMA-12M
4842:TMA-11M
4837:TMA-10M
4832:TMA-09M
4827:TMA-08M
4822:TMA-07M
4817:TMA-06M
4812:TMA-05M
4807:TMA-04M
4802:TMA-03M
4797:TMA-02M
4360:Soyuz-T
3858:Soyuz 2
3827:Soyuz 1
3618:Twitter
3545:Twitter
2671:Planned
1299:due to
1164:Mission
1088:Russian
1073:Russian
1057:Russian
1049:halogen
1042:БДУС-3А
1038:Russian
1034:BDUS-3A
1026:Russian
1022:BDUS-3M
1011:Russian
999:Russian
987:Russian
968:Клест-М
964:Russian
960:Klest-M
942:AKR-VKA
938:2AO-VKA
934:antenna
928:AO-753A
924:Курс-НА
920:Russian
916:Kurs-NA
907:of the
865:Russian
857:Russian
849:Russian
838:Russian
795:Russian
787:Kvant-V
779:Russian
767:GLONASS
759:Russian
735:Russian
717:KTDU-80
675:Russian
358:Союз МС
354:Russian
258:Retired
64:Energia
37:Союз МС
5617:Zvezda
5601:Kliper
5585:Spiral
5573:Aelita
5561:Zvezda
5557:LK-700
5546:Moon:
5495:Salyut
5485:Vostok
5431:Active
5419:Soviet
5372:Aelita
5107:Kosmos
5027:
5018:
4974:
4773:TMA-22
4768:TMA-21
4763:TMA-20
4758:TMA-19
4753:TMA-18
4748:TMA-17
4743:TMA-16
4738:TMA-15
4733:TMA-14
4728:TMA-13
4723:TMA-12
4718:TMA-11
4713:TMA-10
4482:
4382:
4308:
4240:
4225:
4164:
4072:(1971)
3990:Zond 7
3945:Zond 4
3860:
3468:6 July
3445:9 July
3418:6 July
3391:6 July
3368:9 July
3342:6 July
3316:6 July
3288:9 July
3236:9 July
3202:6 July
3174:6 July
3151:6 July
3125:6 July
3071:6 July
3048:7 July
3026:6 July
1952:Zvezda
977:A new
972:MPEG-2
811:S-band
731:BA DPO
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