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wore special shoes to study the structure and motion of feet changes during weightlessness. They also collaborated with the Cuban
Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases to examine blood and urine samples throughout the entire launch, stay, and return to explore the psychological stress from preparation and working long hours under constant weightlessness. Another experiment they conducted was centered around studying changes in the levels of skeletal muscle structure. They used a Cuban made instrument to assess the adipose tissue and the stimulation of body fat. There was also a study on blood circulation, which sought to determine the impact weightlessness has on the human circulatory system. Tests had been carried out in previous flights and were repeated during this mission using a Chibis suit, a below-the-waist reduced-pressure device. Crew members completed exercise protocols wearing the Chibis to provide gravity-simulating stress to the body's cardiovascular/circulatory system and re-establishing the body's orthostatic tolerance after extended periods of microgravity. Negative pressure on the legs causes blood to accumulate in the lower extremities, which is the case in a gravity environment. Orthostatic intolerance has been a frequent complaint in humans returning from long-duration space flights. The other experiments attempted to study how cell division, the immune system, concentrations of antibodies and other proteins and minerals were affected after prolonged exposure to a weightless environment. This included measurements into the amount and rate at which humans lost water, fat, and other minerals.The cosmonauts also studied the growth of a single crystal of sucrose in the same environment.
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The purpose of the Soyuz 38 mission was to carry out nine experiments. They stimulated different areas of the brain to further understand the electrical activity in our brain. This was done using a customized helmet for each cosmonaut with silver electrodes and a tape recorder. The cosmonauts also
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could see only its “headlights.” Ryumin filmed ignition and operation of the transport's main engine. Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez of Cuba and Soviet cosmonaut Yuri
Romanenko docked without incident.
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12th expedition to Salyut 6. 7th international crew. Carried
Intercosmos cosmonaut from Cuba. The Soyuz 38 docking occurred in darkness. As the spacecraft approached Salyut 6, the
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Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in
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3056:. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).
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1980 Soviet human spaceflight mission to the Salyut 6 space station
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7 days, 20 hours, 43 minutes, 24 seconds
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Soviet postage stamp commemorating the Soyuz 38 mission
747:
http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-38.htm
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spacecraft brought two visiting crew members to the
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List of human spaceflights to Salyut space stations
3356:This article about one or more spacecraft of the
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3052:. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in
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51:introducing citations to additional sources
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843:List of Russian human spaceflight missions
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838:List of Soviet human spaceflight missions
41:Relevant discussion may be found on the
2236:The † sign designates failed missions.
3431:Spacecraft launched by Soyuz-U rockets
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759:"Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz 38"
745:The mission report is available here:
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2234:; exceptions are noted "(uncrewed)".
2226:Uncrewed missions are designated as
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3426:Spacecraft which reentered in 1980
507:space station, one of whom was an
14:
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410:273.5 kilometres (169.9 mi)
400:199.7 kilometres (124.1 mi)
222:6,800 kilograms (15,000 lb)
34:relies largely or entirely on a
23:
2240:designates cancelled missions.
786:Soyuz 38 – NSSDC Id: 1980-075A
751:
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159:
1:
3451:Soviet Union spacecraft stubs
891:Cosmonaut ranks and positions
732:
3364:. You can help Knowledge by
499:during September, 1980. The
338:September 26, 1980, 15:54:27
286:September 18, 1980, 19:11:03
7:
3446:Cuba–Soviet Union relations
3421:Spacecraft launched in 1980
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727:List of Salyut expeditions
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676:crew on the space station
625:José Armando López Falcón
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3441:1980 in the Soviet Union
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833:List of Soyuz missions
342:1980-09-26UTC15:54:28Z
290:1980-09-18UTC19:11:03Z
3416:Crewed Soyuz missions
2660:Meteor-Priroda No.3-1
859:Soyuz (rocket family)
568:Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez
375:Reference system
256:Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez
194:Spacecraft properties
2286:Orbital launches in
1034:Zond lunar programme
911:(by spacecraft type)
47:improve this article
3411:Interkosmos program
869:Baikonur Cosmodrome
700:Soviet Union portal
614:Research Cosmonaut
583:
557:Research Cosmonaut
552:Second spaceflight
524:
430:88.194 minutes
116:
2141:(uncrewed landing)
1348:(uncrewed landing)
864:Soyuz (spacecraft)
714:Spaceflight portal
670:Mission highlights
633:Mission parameters
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420:51.63 degrees
370:Orbital parameters
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2150:(uncrewed launch)
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1174:Soyuz 7K-LOK No.1
1149:Soyuz 7K-L1E No.1
886:Soyuz abort modes
763:www.spacefacts.de
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493:human spaceflight
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2168:Current missions
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396:Perigee altitude
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278:Start of mission
178:Orbits completed
170:Mission duration
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2650:Gorizont No.15L
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2189:Future missions
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3253:Manned flights
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2020:(2016–present)
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909:Past missions
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653:273.5 km
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649:
647:199.7 km
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502:
498:
494:
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480: →
479:
474:
471:←
463:
458:
453:
449:
446:
443:Docking with
441:
437:
433:
429:
427:
423:
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403:
399:
397:
393:
390:
387:
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368:
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357:
354:175 km SE of
353:
349:
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317:
314:
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307:
304:
301:
297:
285:
281:
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144:
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123:
118:
106:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64: –
63:
59:
58:Find sources:
52:
48:
44:
38:
37:
36:single source
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3436:1980 in Cuba
3366:expanding it
3358:Soviet Union
3355:
3340:
3289:
3053:
3049:
3033:Ekran No.20L
2965:
2957:
2951:
2945:
2939:
2915:Molniya 1-48
2877:
2853:Gran' No.17L
2821:
2820:
2766:
2762:Molniya 3-13
2757:Rohini RS-1B
2744:
2740:Ekran No.19L
2670:Molniya 1-47
2627:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2584:
2577:
2570:
2563:
2556:
2484:
2417:Gran' No.16L
2312:Molniya 1-46
2237:
2231:
2227:
1433:Apollo–Soyuz
1382:
1191:Soyuz 7K-OKS
1165:Soyuz 7K-LOK
1140:Soyuz 7K-L1E
1127:
1120:
766:. Retrieved
762:
753:
741:
680:
673:
662:
657:Inclination:
656:
650:
644:
641:6800 kg
638:
497:Soviet Union
488:
487:
351:Landing site
335:Landing date
209:Manufacturer
100:
90:
83:
76:
69:
57:
33:
3095:Interkosmos
3038:Kosmos 1236
3023:Kosmos 1235
3018:Kosmos 1234
3013:Kosmos 1233
3008:Kosmos 1232
3003:Kosmos 1231
2998:Kosmos 1230
2993:Kosmos 1229
2988:Kosmos 1228
2983:Kosmos 1227
2973:Kosmos 1226
2930:Kosmos 1225
2925:Kosmos 1224
2920:Kosmos 1222
2905:Kosmos 1221
2900:Kosmos 1220
2895:Kosmos 1219
2885:Kosmos 1217
2873:Kosmos 1218
2868:Kosmos 1216
2863:Kosmos 1215
2858:Kosmos 1214
2848:Kosmos 1213
2843:Progress 11
2838:Kosmos 1212
2833:Kosmos 1211
2828:Kosmos 1210
2809:Meteor 2-06
2804:Kosmos 1208
2799:Kosmos 1207
2794:Kosmos 1206
2789:Kosmos 1205
2784:Kosmos 1204
2779:Kosmos 1203
2774:Kosmos 1202
2752:Kosmos 1201
2746:DMSP-5D1 F5
2735:Kosmos 1200
2730:Kosmos 1199
2725:Kosmos 1198
2720:Kosmos 1197
2715:Kosmos 1196
2710:Kosmos 1195
2705:Kosmos 1194
2700:Kosmos 1193
2695:Kosmos 1192
2690:Kosmos 1191
2685:Kosmos 1190
2680:Progress 10
2675:Kosmos 1189
2655:Kosmos 1188
2645:Kosmos 1187
2640:Kosmos 1186
2635:Kosmos 1185
2623:Kosmos 1184
2613:Kosmos 1183
2552:Kosmos 1182
2547:Kosmos 1181
2542:Kosmos 1180
2537:Kosmos 1179
2532:Kosmos 1178
2527:Kosmos 1177
2522:Kosmos 1176
2507:Kosmos 1175
2502:Kosmos 1174
2497:Kosmos 1173
2492:Kosmos 1172
2480:Kosmos 1171
2475:Kosmos 1170
2465:Kosmos 1169
2460:Kosmos 1168
2455:Kosmos 1167
2450:Kosmos 1166
2422:Kosmos 1165
2402:Kosmos 1164
2397:Kosmos 1163
2392:Kosmos 1162
2387:Kosmos 1161
2382:Kosmos 1160
2377:Kosmos 1159
2372:Kosmos 1158
2367:Kosmos 1157
2362:Kosmos 1156
2347:Kosmos 1155
2342:Kosmos 1154
2337:Kosmos 1153
2332:Kosmos 1152
2327:Kosmos 1151
2322:Kosmos 1150
2307:Kosmos 1149
2230:instead of
2027:Soyuz MS-01
1906:(2010–2016)
1904:Soyuz-TMA-M
1789:Soyuz TMA-1
1782:(2002–2012)
1594:(1986–2002)
1490:Kosmos 1001
1483:(1978–1986)
1452:(1974–1976)
1405:(1974–1976)
1403:Soyuz 7K-TM
1219:(1972–1981)
1167:(1971–1972)
1142:(1969–1970)
1030:(1967–1970)
1028:Soyuz 7K-L1
921:(1966–1970)
919:Soyuz 7K-OK
852:Main topics
578:Backup crew
509:Intercosmos
416:Inclination
356:Dzhezkazgan
309:Launch site
283:Launch date
219:Launch mass
213:NPO Energia
3405:Categories
3330:Soyuz TM-7
3325:Soyuz TM-6
3320:Soyuz TM-5
3315:Soyuz TM-3
3310:Soyuz T-11
3103:Satellites
2517:Progress 9
2470:Progress 8
2097:(uncrewed)
1605:(uncrewed)
1601:Soyuz TM-1
1505:(uncrewed)
1459:Kosmos 670
1450:Soyuz 7K-S
1412:Kosmos 638
1287:(uncrewed)
1251:Kosmos 656
1241:Kosmos 613
1226:Kosmos 496
1217:Soyuz 7K-T
1155:Kosmos 382
1054:Zond 1967A
1043:Kosmos 146
983:(uncrewed)
954:Kosmos 186
943:Kosmos 140
938:(uncrewed)
928:Kosmos 133
768:2022-05-15
733:References
597:Commander
538:Commander
379:Geocentric
203:Soyuz 7K-T
103:March 2014
73:newspapers
62:"Soyuz 38"
3305:Soyuz T-6
3097:programme
3050:underline
3028:Prognoz 8
2879:Soyuz T-3
2629:Soyuz T-2
2600:Amsat-P3A
2565:Firewheel
1780:Soyuz-TMA
1501:Soyuz T-1
879:Site 31/6
478:Soyuz T-3
389:Low Earth
346: UTC
294: UTC
240:Crew size
143:1980-075A
137:COSPAR ID
43:talk page
3300:Soyuz 40
3295:Soyuz 39
3290:Soyuz 38
3285:Soyuz 37
3280:Soyuz 36
3275:Soyuz 33
3270:Soyuz 31
3265:Soyuz 30
3260:Soyuz 28
2978:OPS 5805
2941:OPS 3255
2890:OPS 6294
2822:Soyuz 38
2768:Soyuz 37
2665:OPS 3123
2607:Soyuz 36
2512:OPS 5118
2486:Soyuz 35
2432:OPS 7245
2412:Tansei-4
2407:SolarMax
2357:OPS 5117
2352:OPS 2581
2317:OPS 6293
2018:Soyuz MS
1592:Soyuz-TM
1422:Soyuz 16
1256:Soyuz 14
1246:Soyuz 13
1236:Soyuz 12
1200:Soyuz 10
1099:Zond-M 1
874:Site 1/5
686:See also
645:Perigee:
588:Position
529:Position
505:Salyut 6
489:Soyuz 38
473:Soyuz 37
445:Salyut 6
313:Baikonur
262:Callsign
115:Soyuz 38
3054:italics
2427:Ayame-2
2238:Italics
2008:TMA-20M
2003:TMA-19M
1998:TMA-18M
1993:TMA-17M
1988:TMA-16M
1983:TMA-15M
1978:TMA-14M
1973:TMA-13M
1968:TMA-12M
1963:TMA-11M
1958:TMA-10M
1953:TMA-09M
1948:TMA-08M
1943:TMA-07M
1938:TMA-06M
1933:TMA-05M
1928:TMA-04M
1923:TMA-03M
1918:TMA-02M
1481:Soyuz-T
979:Soyuz 2
948:Soyuz 1
663:Period:
651:Apogee:
340: (
303:Soyuz-U
288: (
248:Members
158:SATCAT
87:scholar
2967:LIPS-1
2816:GOES 4
2618:NOAA-B
2593:FIRE E
2586:FIRE D
2579:FIRE C
2572:FIRE B
2295:1981 →
2280:← 1979
2228:Kosmos
2148:
2139:
2095:
1894:TMA-22
1889:TMA-21
1884:TMA-20
1879:TMA-19
1874:TMA-18
1869:TMA-17
1864:TMA-16
1859:TMA-15
1854:TMA-14
1849:TMA-13
1844:TMA-12
1839:TMA-11
1834:TMA-10
1603:
1503:
1429:
1361:
1346:
1285:
1193:(1971)
1111:Zond 7
1066:Zond 4
981:
659:51.63°
491:was a
426:Period
385:Regime
299:Rocket
265:Taimyr
89:
82:
75:
68:
60:
3360:is a
2959:SSU-3
2953:SSU-2
2947:SSU-1
2910:SBS 1
2558:CAT-2
2444:SSU-3
2440:SSU-2
2436:SSU-1
2232:Soyuz
2214:MS-29
2210:2026
2204:MS-28
2199:MS-27
2195:2025
2180:MS-26
2175:MS-25
2155:MS-24
2146:MS-23
2137:MS-22
2132:MS-21
2127:MS-20
2122:MS-19
2117:MS-18
2112:MS-17
2107:MS-16
2102:MS-15
2093:MS-14
2088:MS-13
2083:MS-12
2078:MS-11
2072:MS-10
2067:MS-09
2062:MS-08
2057:MS-07
2052:MS-06
2047:MS-05
2042:MS-04
2037:MS-03
2032:MS-02
1829:TMA-9
1824:TMA-8
1819:TMA-7
1814:TMA-6
1809:TMA-5
1804:TMA-4
1799:TMA-3
1794:TMA-2
1770:TM-34
1765:TM-33
1760:TM-32
1755:TM-31
1750:TM-30
1745:TM-29
1740:TM-28
1735:TM-27
1730:TM-26
1725:TM-25
1720:TM-24
1715:TM-23
1710:TM-22
1705:TM-21
1700:TM-20
1695:TM-19
1690:TM-18
1685:TM-17
1680:TM-16
1675:TM-15
1670:TM-14
1665:TM-13
1660:TM-12
1655:TM-11
1650:TM-10
1551:T-10a
1093:1969A
1077:1968B
1071:1968A
1060:1967B
639:Mass:
592:Crew
533:Crew
501:Soyuz
165:11977
94:JSTOR
80:books
3362:stub
2288:1980
1645:TM-9
1640:TM-8
1635:TM-7
1630:TM-6
1625:TM-5
1620:TM-4
1615:TM-3
1610:TM-2
1582:T-15
1577:T-14
1572:T-13
1567:T-12
1562:T-11
1557:T-10
1496:1074
1180:No.2
519:Crew
513:Cuba
235:Crew
66:news
1546:T-9
1540:T-8
1535:T-7
1530:T-6
1525:T-5
1520:T-4
1515:T-3
1510:T-2
1470:869
1464:772
1417:672
1272:18a
1231:573
1105:M 2
1048:154
974:238
969:213
964:212
959:188
316:1/5
181:124
160:no.
49:by
3407::
2956:,
2950:,
2442:,
2438:,
1440:22
1427:19
1393:40
1388:39
1383:38
1378:37
1373:36
1368:35
1359:34
1353:33
1344:32
1339:31
1334:30
1329:29
1324:28
1319:27
1314:26
1308:25
1303:24
1297:23
1292:21
1283:20
1278:18
1267:17
1261:15
1206:11
1129:10
936:†
761:.
515:.
3393:e
3386:t
3379:v
3368:.
3087:e
3080:t
3073:v
2962:)
2944:(
2446:)
2434:(
2271:e
2264:t
2257:v
2074:†
1553:†
1542:†
1492:†
1472:†
1466:†
1435:)
1431:(
1355:†
1310:†
1299:†
1274:†
1263:†
1208:†
1202:†
1182:†
1176:†
1151:†
1122:9
1116:8
1107:†
1101:†
1095:†
1088:6
1083:5
1079:†
1073:†
1062:†
1056:†
1050:†
1036:)
1032:(
1018:9
1013:8
1008:7
1003:6
998:5
993:4
988:3
950:†
930:†
814:e
807:t
800:v
771:.
344:)
292:)
243:2
105:)
101:(
91:·
84:·
77:·
70:·
53:.
39:.
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