146:
268:
256:
70:
201:
186:
82:
241:
58:
392:, in 1883 the track cost around 5 marks per meter (5,47 marks per yard), the installation costs, rolling stock and other equipment amounted to about 5,000 marks, so that providing a railway 3,000 metres (1.9 mi) long required an investment of 20,000 marks. On one such track, which was set-up on the estate of Count H., 6 horses were used to transport about 3,200 t of sugar beet in 40 days. Since an ordinary four-horse cart could carry 6¼ t a day, it would have taken 12½ teams to do the same job during the same time span using conventional carts. Thus 11 four-horse teams were not needed and since each of these would have cost 10 marks for each of the 40 working days, the total savings in one campaign amounted to 4,400 marks, or 22% of the total investment capital.
325:
169:, one of them was wide and the other narrow (Figure 18a), with the wide sleeper protruding beyond the end of one pair of rails, while the narrow one was recessed from the end of the other panel. When the prefabricated panels were joined, the broad sleeper of one panel lay next to the narrow sleeper of the other. The free rail ends were bolted together using fishplates as in conventional tracks. The system had the advantage that required repairs were easy make but the height of the wooden sleepers prevented the use of horses, and level crossings with other traffic.
312:, successfully tested a Spalding Railway in a nursery beginning early 1903. He was able to lay a track over a distance of 250 m over uneven terrain with three men in three hours, although the individual sections had to be collected from various places. He did not use any bolts to connect the fishplates, partly because he had not ordered any.
292:
without much of it, unlike what happened with other systems, remaining where it had to be shoveled out by hand. The chassis of the tippers could be used as a flat wagon for the transport of general cargo after removing the arched supports at both ends, which were just held in place by a stud and some
296:
The wagons were available with or without brakes as required. The brake was operated using a lever and acted simultaneously and evenly on all four wheels, to bring the car or train quickly to a halt. For cars without a brake, a simple wooden handspike was sufficient even in heavily graded terrain.
315:
The rolling stock and track building material was so strong that repairs were rarely necessary, except for damage caused by the workers' imprudence. Thus repairs which would have caused extra costs had not been necessary during a whole year of daily operation in Aachen. W. Kiehl thus recommended
176:
The 2 m track sections with a gauge of 600 mm consisted of rails that were connected at both ends by metallic tie rods and rested on wooden sleepers. One man could carry a section with ease. Curved sections were bent with a radius of 4 m. They were only 1.5 meters long and could be used for
172:
The
Dolberg works in Rostock improved the Spalding system by using metal tie rods and by omitting the narrow wooden sleeper at one end of the panel. To secure the butt joint, the rails were hooked onto a metallic sleeper at one end. One rail was provided with a hooked tab which engaged around a
173:
metallic tie rod at the end of the other rails. Th joint could only be taken apart by lifting the opposite end of the frame (Figures 19 and 20). The easy disassembly allowed other traffic to cross easily at level crossings by simply lifting one or two sections from the rail line.
118:, resulted in cost savings of 11,387 marks during the transport of 8,536 m of pine and firewood over an average distance of 4.7 kilometres (2.9 mi). The costs for providing the tramway amounted to 47,000 Marks, so that the railway system should have paid off in four years.
219:, which should make a derailment impossible even if the points were set incorrectly. By simply unscrewing the rails from the pad and then re-assembling them upside-down, a right turn could be turned into a left turn and vice versa, since the switches were made of symmetrical
316:
this railway in the warmest terms to any landscape gardener who had to carry out earthworks. It could readily be seen how easily and cost-effectively this system could be used, because it had been made by professionals for professionals.
297:
The cars were unusually light. The weight of a car was 200 kilograms (440 lb), while an iron wagon of the same size and load capacity weighed twice as much, so the workers always had to push 200 kg of dead extra load.
470:
145:
493:
Bericht ĂĽber die XLIII. General - Versammlung des
Naturhistorischen Vereins der preussischen Rheinlande, Westfalens und des Reg.-Bez. OsnabrĂĽck am 14., 15. und 16. Juni 1886 in Aachen.
300:
The chassis and the tilting bodies were made of the best pine wood and were of so simple a design that they could easily be repaired by any blacksmith or carpenter if damaged.
267:
377:
336:
227:
with connecting rails were used for right-angle turns. The turntable was easy and safe to operate, because it could be locked after each rotation by using a light lever.
25:
255:
69:
372:
grower and sugar manufacturer of
Wesselburen in BĂĽsum. In 1883 it carried daily up to 300 t of sugar beets. The bogies of the wagons had four axles with double-
288:
wheels and were very practical. The contents fell far enough from the rails that it did not block the track. As it tilted, all of the contents slid out of the
200:
185:
573:
Der
Verpflegsnachschub im Kriege auf der transportablen Feldeisenbahn und Bericht ĂĽber die Feldeisenbahn-Ausstellung in Lundenburg im August 1886.
81:
240:
389:
150:
57:
595:
102:
was the first German industrialist, who produced in 1884 a narrow-gauge tramway at his own risk for the transport of logs and
508:
114:. The implementation this 3-kilometre-long (1.9 mi) tramway between two felling sites and the nearest navigable water at
125:, the patron of German hunting, rode in an improvised hunting saloon car on the portable track of the Spalding railway to
556:
605:
395:
The cost for laying a forestry railway was estimated at 20 marks per kilometer (32 marks per mile) in 1886.
111:
365:
600:
130:
122:
561:
Illustriertes
Wochenblatt für den gesamten Gartenbau. Vol IX, 25 February 1905, No. 22, p. 257–262.
571:
376:
wheels and a load capacity of 3 tons (60 quintals). Two of those cars are still preserved in the
419:
220:
550:
491:
8:
423:
158:
324:
466:
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206:
99:
415:
192:
129:. From there, for the first time in the history of hunting the German Emperor's
552:
Feldbahnbetrieb mit der
Spaldingbahn. (Hierzu acht Abbildungen des Verfassers).
517:
12. Jahrgang, Nr. 8, Commissionsverlag von A. Bagel, DĂĽsseldorf, 15. April 1892
446:
411:
Standard length of the track panels of 2 m instead of 5 m (78" instead of 197")
166:
134:
589:
439:
303:
428:
364:) gauge Spaldingbahn was laid in 1883 from Osterhof railway station on the
281:
247:
115:
21:
475:
Patent N° 28074 of 24 July 1884 of the
Imperial Patent Office of Germany.
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107:
33:
453:
404:
369:
328:
289:
162:
37:
530:
380:, one of them with the original bogies with double-flanged wheels.
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29:
95:
578:
Mittheilungen ĂĽber
Gegenstände des Artillerie- und Genie-Wesens.
472:
435:
373:
332:
309:
285:
41:
576:
In: k.k. Technisches & Administratives Militär-Comité:
304:
Report on field trials by a landscape gardener from Aachen
398:
215:
The 4 m long
Spalding universal switch was provided with
24:railway system invented, patented and developed by
319:
40:railway, which had been invented and patented in
587:
390:Association of German Railway Administrations
465:H. A. Spalding of Jahnkow near Langenfelde,
449:instead of being riveted to steel sleepers
137:was brought back from the forest by rail.
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503:
501:
383:
323:
144:
94:The entrepreneur Heinrich Spalding from
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541:
485:
308:W. Kiehl, a professional gardener from
165:were initially supported by two wooden
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525:
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399:Comparison with the Decauville railway
515:Zeitschrift fĂĽr das EisenhĂĽttenwesen.
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403:The main differences compared to the
538:
36:applications. It was similar to the
534:Vol 5. Berlin, Wien 1914, p. 42–54.
520:
342:A 2,500-metre-long (2,700 yd)
13:
513:In: E. Schrödter und W. Beumer:
431:made of pine wood instead of metal
388:According to the newspaper of the
14:
617:
532:Enzyklopädie des Eisenbahnwesens,
596:Narrow gauge railways in Germany
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254:
239:
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199:
184:
80:
68:
56:
320:Sugar beet train at Wesselburen
149:Track systems by Spalding and
1:
479:
106:in the royal Prussian forest
438:wheels instead of the usual
368:to the Osterhof estate of a
7:
420:double-headed rail profiles
221:double-headed rail profiles
10:
622:
580:Vol 18 , 1887, p. 481–489.
378:Frankfurter Feldbahnmuseum
337:Frankfurter Feldbahnmuseum
157:The Spalding railway used
112:Margraviate of Brandenburg
47:
459:
140:
26:Heinrich Andreas Spalding
273:Braking with a handspike
445:Rails bolted to wooden
75:Portable Spalding track
510:Ăśber Feldeisenbahnen.
339:
177:right and left turns.
154:
606:600 mm gauge railways
384:Cost–benefit analysis
327:
148:
44:eight years earlier.
570:Victor Tilschkert:
529:Freiherr von Röll:
366:Heide–Büsum railway
121:The German Emperor
340:
331:wagon with double-
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467:Western Pomerania
100:Western Pomerania
613:
601:Railways by type
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18:Spalding railway
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558:Die Gartenwelt.
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348:1 ft
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507:E. A. Ziffer:
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440:single flanged
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424:Vignoles rails
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407:railway were:
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335:wheels in the
321:
318:
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272:
265:
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261:portable track
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205:
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159:Vignoles rails
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116:Lake Werbellin
86:
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452:Self-locking
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429:V skip wagons
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282:V skip wagons
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231:Rolling stock
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87:Track removal
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45:
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20:was a German
19:
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248:V skip wagon
214:
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156:
120:
93:
63:Track laying
28:in 1884 for
22:narrow gauge
17:
15:
454:rail joints
422:instead of
344:600 mm
284:had double-
280:The wooden
217:guard rails
163:rail joints
131:hunting bag
127:Schorfheide
34:agriculture
590:Categories
549:W. Kiehl:
480:References
414:Universal
405:Decauville
370:sugar beet
329:Sugar beet
225:Turntables
191:Universal
38:Decauville
207:Turntable
123:William I
447:sleepers
416:switches
362: in
293:screws.
167:sleepers
108:Grimnitz
104:firewood
30:forestry
436:flanged
434:Double-
374:flanged
357:⁄
246:Wooden
151:Dolberg
110:in the
96:Glewitz
48:History
460:Patent
442:wheels
333:flange
310:Aachen
286:flange
193:switch
161:. The
153:, 1892
141:Design
42:France
418:with
555:In:
290:skip
135:game
32:and
16:The
133:of
98:in
592::
540:^
522:^
500:^
469::
350:11
223:.
359:8
355:5
352:+
346:(
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