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467:, investigated the church in 1819. His inspection led him to describe the principle of "structural stratification" – where one phase of building rests on another, the second must be of an earlier date. This enabled him, for the first time, to persuasively argue that the standing structure must be of Anglo-Saxon date, as the Norman top storey of the tower was supported by two stories constructed in a very different, then unknown, style. Previously, while some work had been labelled as Saxon, this was all
34:
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Adamson, William Bygott, C.W., 1741." The fourth, 2 feet 8 inches in diameter, with this inscription, "Sweetly tolling, men do call to taste, on meats that feed the soul." The fifth, 2 feet 10 1/2 inches in diameter, with this inscription, "John
Fairwether, Richard Green, churchwardens, 1666." The sixth or tenor bell, 3 feet 4 inches in diameter, with this inscription, "Henry Nelthorpe and William Gilders, churchwardens, 1743."
327:. Oak beams survive at two levels in the tower; these would originally have supported higher floors. The first floor must have been a gallery, as there are no windows at ground floor level. The tower has only a few, small, windows, with either round or triangular windowheads, and they are divided by a shaft. There are north and south doorways, which appear to have originally possessed timber
522:
resolving the considerable questions about its construction and history without excavations. In 1977, he secured funding from the
Department of the Environment, and began the most extensive archaeological investigation ever undertaken of a British parish church, not completed until 1985. 3,000 skeletons were removed from the site, providing what has been described as "an
384:
The chancel of St Peter's was demolished c.1100 to make way for a larger early Norman building east of the existing tower, the foundations of which were found under the present nave during the 1970s excavation. This was gradually expanded in the 12th and 13th century before being largely replaced in
295:
to the tenth century. Some other sources give a slightly later date, between 970 and 1030. In particular, it is uncertain whether the baptistery does predate the tower or if the two are contemporary. Around the date of construction the ditch to the east was infilled, allowing level access between the
271:
The earliest graves on the site of the church date from the ninth century, around one hundred years after the southerly cemetery was abandoned. At this stage, it appears to have been reserved for burials associated with the hall and there may have been an associated chapel, although no trace of this
562:
There are eight bells in the tower, the first or treble bell being 2 feet 4 inches in diameter, with a latin inscription. The second, 2 feet 5 inches in diameter with this inscription, "Daniel
Hedersley, founder 1741." The third, 2 feet 7 1/2 inches in diameter, with this inscription, "George
521:
identified the church as an ideal location for an archaeological excavation, given that it was, uniquely, a substantial Saxon church which was no longer used for worship. He noted that, as the building had been examined repeatedly by architectural historians, there was little possibility of
526:
record unparalleled for any small town in
England". Due to waterlogged conditions, in some cases, wooden coffins had also survived. Some of these were dug-out logs, while some are believed to be constructed from old boats. At least ten burials were accompanied by
251:
known to date to before 900. An early pagan Saxon cemetery, believed to be linked with this enclosure and dated to the first half of the seventh century, was discovered at
Castledyke, south of the church, and was used to bury high-status individuals. In 669
246:
The church lies immediately east of the remains of a near circular enclosure which contained a hall. This is, on average, 820 feet (250 m) in diameter and was originally surrounded by a ditch and timber
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538:, so as to leave them in consecrated ground close to their original location, while still permitting future study. Three skeletons remain on display in the church, alongside a selection of
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base buried in the floor of the room. Externally, it is plainer than the tower, with even fewer, simple windows. On the opposite side of the tower to the baptistery, a
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397:. The window at the east end of the north aisle, now inside the church because of the later addition to the east, contains a rare example of figural carving on the
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strip work, and long and short work. The pilasters do not provide any possible support – some are only very shallowly set into the wall. They are cut from Roman
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dates from around 1430. The chancel was rebuilt in the second half of the 15th century, and the east window retains fragments of early 14th-century
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Pevsner, Nikolaus; Antram, Nicholas; Harris, John; Miller, Terence; Roberts, David; Robinson, David; White, Andrew; Wright, Neil R. (2002).
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The tower is linked to the baptistery by a narrow doorway, which originally had a timber doorcase. Excavations have revealed a
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Alongside the excavation, extensive repairs to the building were undertaken. In 2007, the skeletons were placed in an on-site
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Dove's guide for church bell ringers states that there are now eight bells, of which the tenor weighs 522 kilograms.
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period, perhaps the late eleventh century, a third storey was added to the tower of St Peter's, using dressed
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and a screen have been found under this space. Both baptistery and chancel would have had flat ceilings with
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331:. The roof would have been of timber construction, probably of stepped pyramidal form, and covered with
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the fourteenth century by the present nave and chancel. The earliest parts of this extension are in the
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hall and the church. Unusually, graves disturbed by the laying of foundations were carefully relocated.
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401:. It is of the mid-14th century, with four lights and flowing tracery, and carved against the central
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and two coffins. The church was opened by
English Heritage as a visitor attraction in May 2007.
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230:'s identification of the style. It has been subject to major excavations. The former
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England: an Oxford archaeological guide to sites from earliest times to AD 1600
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of 1086 as housing two mills and a ferry, worth £4 per year. In the early
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984:, Friday 3 June 1859 p7 col.3: "Barton, Re-opening of St Peter's Church"
774:, "Anglo Saxon Church Building: Aspects of Design and Construction", in
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The church has been Grade A listed in 1965, a status since converted to
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View from the south east, showing the nave, south aisle, porch and tower
475:. Rickman presented his influential hypothesis that St Peter's and the
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Ann
Williams, "A bell-house and a burgh-geat", in Robert Liddiard,
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909:
An attempt to discriminate the styles of architecture in
England
849:"Churchyard Wall to South West of Church of St Peter (1083104)"
792:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. pp. 123–4.
511:, becoming the parish church. Ownership was taken over by the
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316:
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The Anglo-Saxon cemetery at
Castledyke South, Barton-on-Humber
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465:
An
Attempt to Discriminate the Styles of English Architecture
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reused from the earlier building. One of these depicts a
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727:
An Introduction to Anglo-Saxon Architecture and Sculpture
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Church of St Thomas of Canterbury, Clapham, Bedfordshire
471:, and only guesswork attempted to distinguish this from
776:
The Archaeology of Anglo-Saxon England: Basic Readings
437:, and wall monuments from the late sixteenth century.
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on the other two mullions: a complete rood group. The
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remains. This was Barton's first Christian cemetery.
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in its own right, as is part of the churchyard wall.
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The dating of the church is somewhat controversial.
308:: the ground floor of the tower served as the nave.
843:
812:
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1512:Church of England church buildings in Lincolnshire
818:"Churchyard Cross to Church of St Peter (1346769)"
657:"Church of St Peter, Barton-upon-Humber (1083103)"
365:Barton thrived as a town, and was recorded in the
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531:rods, and one had a pillow of organic material.
479:possessed Saxon towers in an updated edition of
238:and houses an exhibition exploring its history.
550:In 1859, following the internal renovation by
1029:
486:
995:Dove's guide for church bell ringers, part B
926:St Peter's Church Project Barton-upon-Humber
444:was constructed in the churchyard. This is
346:was constructed. Foundations of a permanent
1168:St Medardus and St Gildardus, Little Bytham
729:, London: Faber, 1959, OCLC 1279628, p. 57.
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1502:10th-century church buildings in England
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264:dated 971 suggests that Barton became a
222:, England. It is one of the best known
1517:Grade I listed churches in Lincolnshire
1497:9th-century church buildings in England
1219:St Andrew and St Mary's, Stoke Rochford
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881:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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1507:English Heritage sites in Lincolnshire
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959:Anglo Saxon church reveals its secrets
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279:View from the tower to the baptistery
21:Church in Barton-upon-Humber, England
16:Church in Barton-upon-Humber, England
503:. It was closed in 1970, its former
311:The tower shows typical features of
256:founded a monastery in neighbouring
38:Tower and baptistery, from the south
1009:English Heritage: St Peter's Church
291:to the ninth century and the tower
13:
1143:St John the Evangelist, Corby Glen
854:National Heritage List for England
823:National Heritage List for England
662:National Heritage List for England
629:Gail Drinkall and Martin Foreman,
14:
1563:
1537:Archaeological museums in England
1163:St Mary and St Peter's, Harlaxton
1002:
893:Current archaeology, Issues 76–89
1422:Holy Trinity, Barrow upon Humber
1252:St Mary and St Nicolas, Spalding
708:Dawn M. Hadley and Jo Buckbery,
694:England's Thousand Best Churches
315:architecture: walls of rendered
32:
1359:St John the Baptist's, Yarburgh
1198:St John the Baptist's, Stamford
988:
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389:style, with some of the arcade
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1432:St Peter's, Barton-upon-Humber
1382:St Peter's, Normanby by Spital
1308:St Benedict's, Haltham-on-Bain
1123:St Peter and St Paul's, Belton
719:
583:
1:
1527:Standing Anglo-Saxon churches
1522:Borough of North Lincolnshire
1427:St Mary's, Barton-upon-Humber
1303:St Mary's, North Cockerington
577:
513:Department of the Environment
481:An Attempt to Discriminate...
226:, in part due to its role in
1542:Religious museums in England
1344:St Peter's, South Somercotes
1173:St Guthlac's, Market Deeping
268:attached to this monastery.
7:
1547:Museums established in 2007
1453:St Nicholas', South Ferriby
1128:St Andrew's, Billingborough
1069:St Helen's, Brant Broughton
10:
1568:
1329:St Helen's, North Thoresby
1314:St Peter's, Holton-Le-Clay
1113:St James' Church, Aslackby
558:described the bells thus:
487:Excavation and restoration
304:The church was originally
241:
1461:
1407:
1367:
1349:All Saints, Theddlethorpe
1283:
1260:
1247:St Mary Magdalene, Gedney
1232:
1098:
1080:St Botolph's, Quarrington
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197:
177:
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159:
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47:
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26:
1339:St Botolph's, Skidbrooke
1090:St Peter's, Threekingham
968:11 December 2009 at the
944:Conservation Bulletin 58
545:
1532:Museums in Lincolnshire
1463:North East Lincolnshire
1388:St Lawrence's, Snarford
1334:All Saints, Saltfleetby
1224:St Bartholomew's, Welby
1178:St Andrew's, Rippingale
1148:St Andrew's, Folkingham
1138:St Vincent's, Caythorpe
911:(5th Edition), pp.55–56
743:Timothy Darvill et al,
595:Anglo-Saxon England: 23
461:architectural historian
1448:St Andrew's, Redbourne
1443:St Maurice's, Horkstow
1158:St Wulfram's, Grantham
725:Ernest Arthur Fisher,
712:, in Francesca Tinti,
593:in early Lindsey", in
572:
519:Harold McCarter Taylor
496:
362:
280:
1476:St Margaret's, Laceby
1319:St Mary's, Horncastle
1298:St Michael's, Burwell
1204:St Martin's, Stamford
1193:St George's, Stamford
1188:All Saints', Stamford
1153:St Nicholas', Fulbeck
1108:St Martin's, Ancaster
560:
494:
360:
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234:church is now run by
224:Anglo-Saxon buildings
1377:St Chad's, Harpswell
1293:St Wilfrid's, Alford
1275:St Mary's, Sutterton
1270:St Botolph's, Boston
1118:All Saints, Barrowby
1074:St Barbara's, Haceby
633:, pp.16, 24, 363–364
615:Anglo-Norman Castles
452:Early investigations
160:Heritage designation
66:53.68379°N 0.43471°W
1438:All Saints, Goxhill
1417:St Mary's, Barnetby
1354:St Martin's, Waithe
1214:St Paul's, Stamford
1209:St Mary's, Stamford
1183:St Peter's, Ropsley
1085:St Denys', Sleaford
931:29 May 2009 at the
473:Norman architecture
262:Anglo-Saxon charter
62: /
1552:Barton-upon-Humber
1409:North Lincolnshire
497:
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319:, with decorative
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220:North Lincolnshire
216:Barton-upon-Humber
100:Barton-upon-Humber
71:53.68379; -0.43471
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1399:St Mary's, Welton
1049:Church of England
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552:Cuthbert Brodrick
361:The medieval nave
232:Church of England
208:St Peter's Church
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152:Functional status
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147:Architecture
115:Denomination
18:
1434:(redundant)
1390:(redundant)
1384:(redundant)
1310:(redundant)
1200:(redundant)
1076:(redundant)
982:Hull Packet
860:24 November
829:24 November
716:, p.132-134
668:24 November
567:Hull Packet
556:Hull Packet
540:grave goods
435:rood screen
431:Saint James
184:Anglo-Saxon
69: /
1491:Categories
799:0300096208
617:, pp.34–36
578:References
469:Romanesque
425:depicting
419:clerestory
379:Romanesque
289:baptistery
254:Saint Chad
170:Designated
54:53°41′02″N
509:St Mary's
459:, a keen
395:Green Man
375:limestone
306:turriform
287:date the
57:0°26′05″W
1045:Churches
966:Archived
929:Archived
391:capitals
333:shingles
321:pilaster
249:palisade
96:Location
1047:of the
895:, p.209
747:, p.135
696:, p.367
536:ossuary
501:Grade I
415:St John
403:mullion
399:tracery
381:style.
354:above.
344:chancel
329:porches
325:ashlars
242:Origins
164:Grade I
139:Founded
126:History
109:England
106:Country
1262:Boston
796:
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554:, the
411:Virgin
371:Norman
352:attics
317:rubble
266:grange
260:. An
198:Closed
192:Gothic
188:Norman
155:Museum
134:Church
131:Status
546:Bells
529:hazel
442:cross
405:is a
377:in a
348:altar
313:Saxon
179:Style
862:2009
831:2009
794:ISBN
670:2009
591:burh
429:and
413:and
407:rood
340:font
293:nave
201:1970
173:1965
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