429:
45:
649:
400:, between atomic and molecular weights. Cannizzaro showed how the atomic weights of elements contained in volatile compounds can be deduced from the molecular weights of those compounds, and how the atomic weights of elements of whose compounds the vapour densities are unknown can be determined from a knowledge of their specific heats. For these achievements, of fundamental importance to atomic theory, he was awarded the
357:
as professor of physical chemistry. In
Alessandria, he discovered that aromatic aldehydes are decomposed by an alcoholic solution of potassium hydroxide into a mixture of the corresponding acid and alcohol. For example, benzaldehyde decomposes into benzoic acid and benzyl alcohol, the
733:
563:
411:
In 1871, Cannizzaro's scientific eminence secured him admission to the
Italian senate, of which he was vice-president, and as a member of the Council of Public Instruction and in other ways he rendered important services to the cause of scientific education in Italy.
419:
that equal volumes of gas at the same pressure and temperature held equal numbers of molecules or atoms, and the notion that equal volumes of gas could be used to calculate atomic weights. In doing so, Cannizzaro provided a new understanding of chemistry.
761:
591:
1432:
286:
in 1826. He entered the university there with the intention of making medicine his profession, but he soon turned to the study of chemistry. In 1845 and 1846, he acted as assistant to
847:
Giampiero
Buonomo, Il "piccolo Senato": un caso di paronimia giuridica?, MemoriaWeb – Trimestrale dell'Archivio storico del Senato della Repubblica – n.30 (Nuova Serie), giugno 2020
950:
1397:
664:
445:
1417:
388:
Apart from his work on organic chemistry, which includes also an investigation of santonin, Cannizzaro rendered great service to chemistry with his 1858 paper
821:
428:
1427:
1422:
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306:
669:
1437:
936:
1412:
1356:
1407:
846:
415:
He is best known for his contribution to the then-existing debate over atoms, molecules, and atomic weights. He championed
922:
Lettere a
Stanislao Cannizzaro 1868–1872; Stanislao Cannizzaro: Scritti di Storia Politica e Chimica; Corrispondenza Varia
244:
197:
1402:
897:
786:(1966). "Stanislao Cannizzaro, F.R.S. (1826–1910) and the First International Chemical Conference at Karlsruhe".
1308:
382:
373:, he accepted the chair of inorganic and organic chemistry at Palermo. There, he spent ten years studying
613:
513:
155:
35:
860:"Stanislao Cannizzaro – Chemistry Encyclopedia – reaction, water, elements, gas, number, molecule, atom"
1188:
1164:
685:
349:
in ethereal solution. In the same year, Cannizzaro accepted an appointment at the
National College of
116:
1020:
919:
859:
330:
542:
996:
453:
317:
in the
Sicilian parliament; and, after the fall of Messina in September 1848, he was stationed at
1060:
524:
69:
1204:
980:
314:
1340:
716:
1212:
1148:
1116:
988:
654:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
1392:
1387:
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337:(1817–1883) made his first contribution to chemical research, in 1851, when they prepared
8:
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366:
359:
267:
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346:
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44:
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583:
258:
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1244:
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928:
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1068:
1052:
1044:
1028:
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660:
655:
405:
972:
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799:
465:
Scritti intorno alla teoria molecolare ed atomica ed alla notazione chimica
401:
121:
1236:
1228:
845:
For an intervention by him in the
Presidency Council of the Senate, see
350:
721:(in Italian). Vol. 7. Società italiana di fisica. pp. 321–366.
673:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 188.
381:, until in 1871 when he was appointed to the chair of chemistry at the
365:
In the autumn of 1855, Cannizzaro became professor of chemistry at the
334:
270:
and for his influential role in the atomic-weight deliberations of the
757:
396:, in which he insisted on the distinction, previously hypothesized by
892:
by
Cannizzaro (1858) – Edinburgh: Alembic Club Reprint No. 18 (1911).
587:
338:
322:
139:
354:
318:
1433:
Corresponding members of the Saint
Petersburg Academy of Sciences
473:
342:
310:
291:
283:
263:
65:
518:
370:
325:
in May 1849, and, after visiting various French towns, reached
378:
326:
299:
236:
186:
481:
Scritti vari e lettere inedite nel centenario della nascita
321:. On the collapse of the insurgents, Cannizzaro escaped to
295:
189:
91:
224:
177:
171:
688:[On the alcohol corresponding to benzoic acid].
21:"Cannizzaro" redirects here. For the lunar crater, see
714:
245:
233:
198:
183:
174:
168:
165:
895:
564:"The Karlsruhe Congress: A Centennial Retrospective"
227:
230:
180:
686:"Ueber den der Benzoësäure entsprechenden Alkohol"
958:
1379:
788:Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London
369:, and, after further professorships at Pisa and
1398:Scientists from the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
782:
329:in October. There he gained an introduction to
309:, Cannizzaro served as an artillery officer at
298:and subsequently occupied the same position at
731:
683:
561:
1418:Members of the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy
944:
294:, and who was then professor of chemistry at
262:; 13 July 1826 – 10 May 1910) was an Italian
908:, London: Macmillan, pages 500 – 513 (also
307:Sicilian revolution of independence of 1848
951:
937:
43:
889:Sketch of a course of chemical philosophy
455:Sketch of a course of chemical philosophy
433:Sketch of a course of chemical philosophy
394:Sketch of a course of chemical philosophy
690:Liebigs Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie
659:
642:
640:
638:
636:
634:
427:
1428:Members of the Royal Academy of Belgium
333:'s laboratory, and in conjunction with
1380:
1245:Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz
822:"Scheda senatore CANNIZZARO Stanislao"
606:
446:Sunto di un corso di filosofia chimica
437:Sunto di un corso di filosofia chimica
390:Sunto di un corso di Filosofia chimica
932:
631:
257:
1423:Foreign members of the Royal Society
290:(1815–1865), known for his work on
13:
259:[staniˈzlaːokannitˈtsaːro]
14:
1449:
881:
1438:Burials at San Domenico, Palermo
647:
467:, "Lo Statuto" (Palermo), 1896,
220:
161:
852:
839:
814:
458:. Edinburgh: Livingstone. 1947.
313:and was also chosen deputy for
1413:Recipients of the Copley Medal
925:, a set of Cannizzaro's papers
906:Essays in Historical Chemistry
899:Essays in Historical Chemistry
776:
725:
715:Cannizzaro, Stanislao (1858).
708:
677:
555:
548:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
535:
506:
1:
1408:19th-century Italian chemists
902:. Macmillan and co., limited.
896:Thomas Edward Thorpe (1902).
738:Journal of Chemical Education
568:Journal of Chemical Education
499:
277:
7:
904:by Thomas Edward Thorpe in
734:"The Congress at Karlsruhe"
487:
16:Italian chemist (1826–1910)
10:
1454:
1189:Jean-Baptiste Boussingault
1165:August Wilhelm von Hofmann
864:www.chemistryexplained.com
377:and continuing to work on
20:
967:
618:Science History Institute
145:
135:
128:
117:Faraday Lectureship Prize
112:
102:
76:
51:
42:
30:
702:10.1002/jlac.18530880114
435:(English translation of
423:
266:. He is famous for the
1403:Scientists from Palermo
1133:Julius Robert von Mayer
732:de Milt, Clara (1951).
684:Cannizzaro, S. (1853).
670:Encyclopædia Britannica
562:Ihde, Aaron J. (1961).
525:Oxford University Press
514:"Cannizzaro, Stanislao"
282:Cannizzaro was born in
70:Kingdom of Two Sicilies
1205:James Joseph Sylvester
1021:Michel Eugène Chevreul
981:Alexander von Humboldt
800:10.1098/rsnr.1966.0006
614:"Stanislao Cannizzaro"
440:
331:Michel Eugène Chevreul
1309:George Gabriel Stokes
1213:Charles Adolphe Wurtz
1149:Hermann von Helmholtz
1117:Henri Victor Regnault
997:Johannes Peter Müller
989:Heinrich Wilhelm Dove
665:Cannizzaro, Stanislao
543:"Cannizzaro reaction"
521:UK English Dictionary
431:
1293:Stanislao Cannizzaro
1261:Joseph Dalton Hooker
1125:James Prescott Joule
1037:Wilhelm Eduard Weber
764:on 28 September 2007
594:on 28 September 2007
531:on 2 September 2022.
152:Stanislao Cannizzaro
32:Stanislao Cannizzaro
1365:Marcellin Berthelot
1357:John William Strutt
1341:Albert von Kölliker
1269:Thomas Henry Huxley
1253:Franz Ernst Neumann
1101:Karl Ernst von Baer
1013:Henri Milne-Edwards
750:1951JChEd..28..421D
580:1961JChEd..38...83I
494:Cannizzaro reaction
367:University of Genoa
360:Cannizzaro reaction
268:Cannizzaro reaction
107:Cannizzaro reaction
23:Cannizzaro (crater)
1109:Charles Wheatstone
916:George B. Kauffman
551:. Merriam-Webster.
441:
383:University of Rome
375:aromatic compounds
272:Karlsruhe Congress
1375:
1374:
1181:James Dwight Dana
960:Copley Medallists
758:10.1021/ed028p421
347:cyanogen chloride
341:by the action of
212:
149:
148:
130:Scientific career
1445:
1368:
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1317:Edward Frankland
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718:Il Nuovo cimento
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663:, ed. (1911). "
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1093:Julius Plücker
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1077:Charles Darwin
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912:, 6 May 1897).
893:
883:
882:External links
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744:(8): 421–425.
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973:Richard Owen
921:
909:
905:
898:
888:
867:. Retrieved
863:
854:
841:
829:. Retrieved
825:
816:
791:
787:
778:
766:. Retrieved
762:the original
741:
737:
727:
717:
710:
693:
689:
679:
668:
621:. Retrieved
617:
608:
596:. Retrieved
592:the original
574:(2): 83–86.
571:
567:
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546:
537:
529:the original
517:
508:
483:, Roma, 1926
480:
472:
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414:
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402:Copley Medal
393:
389:
387:
364:
304:
281:
151:
150:
129:
122:Copley Medal
55:13 July 1826
18:
1393:1910 deaths
1388:1826 births
1237:Carl Ludwig
962:(1851–1900)
918:, (1996).
696:: 129–130.
351:Alessandria
315:Francavilla
305:During the
246:-it-
80:10 May 1910
1382:Categories
920:Review of
869:19 January
831:19 January
500:References
335:F.S. Cloez
84:1910-05-11
59:1826-07-13
794:: 56–63.
768:29 August
598:24 August
469:available
408:in 1891.
339:cyanamide
323:Marseille
278:Biography
274:in 1860.
140:Chemistry
808:58453894
623:21 March
488:See also
355:Piedmont
319:Taormina
255:Italian:
849:, p. 8.
746:Bibcode
658::
576:Bibcode
474:Gallica
439:), 1947
404:by the
343:ammonia
311:Messina
292:salicin
284:Palermo
264:chemist
82: (
66:Palermo
57: (
1367:(1900)
1359:(1899)
1351:(1898)
1343:(1897)
1335:(1896)
1327:(1895)
1319:(1894)
1311:(1893)
1303:(1892)
1295:(1891)
1287:(1890)
1279:(1889)
1271:(1888)
1263:(1887)
1255:(1886)
1247:(1885)
1239:(1884)
1231:(1883)
1223:(1882)
1215:(1881)
1207:(1880)
1199:(1879)
1191:(1878)
1183:(1877)
1175:(1876)
1167:(1875)
1159:(1874)
1151:(1873)
1143:(1872)
1135:(1871)
1127:(1870)
1119:(1869)
1111:(1868)
1103:(1867)
1095:(1866)
1087:(1865)
1079:(1864)
1071:(1863)
1063:(1862)
1055:(1861)
1047:(1860)
1039:(1859)
1031:(1858)
1023:(1857)
1015:(1856)
1007:(1855)
999:(1854)
991:(1853)
983:(1852)
975:(1851)
910:Nature
806:
652:
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379:amines
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