4040:Тут знайдено чимало предметів часів мідного віку, бронзового віку та залізного віку. Помірно континентальний клімат і природні багатства Закарпаття роблять цю місцевість привабливою для проживання. Тут свого часу осіли фракійські племена, які залишили після себе пам'ятки куштановицької культури, та кельти, репрезентовані пам'ятками латенської к-ри (див. Латенські пам'ятки). Вчені вважають, що в Закарпатті в 3–1 ст. до н. е. склалася змішана кельто-фракійська к-ра, на основі якої утворився досить стійкий симбіоз племен, що проіснував бл. 200 років і сприяв поширенню цивілізаційних досягнень із зх. на укр. тер. Пізніше на Закарпатті з'явилися бастарни (їхня етнічна приналежність не з'ясована). В 2 ст. н. е. ч. Закарпаття була приєднана до рим. провінції Дакія. В часи Великого переселення народів через Закарпаття проходили гуни й авари. На Закарпатті побували герм. племена, в т. ч. гепіди. З перших століть н. е. почалося розселення слов'ян. За археол. даними, з 2 ст. н. е. тут міцно осіло хліборобське слов'ян. нас. – білі хорвати (див. Хорвати), матеріальна й духовна к-ра яких була тісно пов'язана з к-рою східнослов'ян. племен, що населяли Прикарпаття, Волинь, Придністров'я і Придніпров'я. В 9–10 ст. Закарпаття входило до складу Болг. д-ви, а з 2-ї пол. 10 ст. перебувало у сфері впливу Київської Русі, про що свідчить, зокрема, міграція сюди нас. із Прикарпаття. В "Повісті временних літ" є згадки про участь білих хорватів у війнах київ. князів проти Візантії та про похід вел. кн. київ. Володимира Святославича на білих хорватів 992. З того часу за Закарпаттям закріплюється назва "Русь". Після смерті вел. кн. київ. Володимира Святославича (1015) Закарпаття почав завойовувати угор. король Стефан I, його син Емеріх мав титул "князь русинів". На поч. 13 ст. всі землі Закарпаття опинилися під владою Угорщини. До поч. 20 ст. Закарпаття, перебуваючи в складі Угорщини, Австрії та Австро-Угорщини, мало назву "Угорська Русь".
4161:
the Celts, who arrived from the west and brought with them iron-smelting (ca 400–200 BC); the first local coins were minted in the 3rd century BC. Of the eastern nomadic peoples the earliest to influence
Transcarpathia were the Iranian-speaking Scythians (expressed locally from the 6th century BC in the Kushtanovytsia culture) and then the Iazyges, a Sarmatian tribe confronting the Romans in Dacia (50 AD); their influence was followed by the invasions of the Turkic-speaking Huns (380 AD), the Avars (558 AD), and, finally, the Ugro-Finnic Magyars (896 AD). In the 2nd century AD neighboring Dacia (Transylvania) became a Roman province, and Roman merchants visited Transcarpathia. In the early Middle Ages Transcarpathia was traversed by Germanic tribes. Remnants of the Ostrogoths (the Gepidae) remained in neighboring Transylvania until the 10th century. The Slavic colonization of Transcarpathia began in the 2nd century, with migration from the north across the mountain passes. By the 8th and 9th centuries the lowlands of Transcarpathia were fairly densely peopled by White Croatians (at the time inhabiting both the north and the south side of the Carpathians). The Slavs in the upper Tysa River and in Transylvania were subject to the Avars (6th–8th centuries) and later to the Bulgarian kingdom (9th–10th centuries). With the collapse of Bulgaria in the second half of the 10th century, Transcarpathia came under the sphere of influence of the Kievan Rus'. The Kievan chroniclers noted the participation of the White Croatians in the campaigns on Byzantium. Following the incorporation of the White Croatians by Prince Volodymyr the Great into his realm, the name Rus' or Ruthenia became entrenched in Transcarpathia.
2409:
3108:
3391:
1871:
2298:
30,000 Hungarians and
Germans had been interned and sent for labour camps in Eastern Ukraine and Siberia; while amnestied in 1955, around 5,000 did not come back. In January 1946, 2,000 more Germans were deported. In return, a large number of Ukrainians and Russians moved to Transcarpathia, were they found jobs in the industry, the military, or the civilian administration. By 1989, around 170,000 Ukrainians (mainly from nearby Galizia) and 49,000 Russians were living in Transcarpatia, mainly in new residential blocks in the main towns of Uzhgorod and Mukachevo, where the dominant language had soon turned from Hungarian and Yiddish to Russian. They kept being considered newcomers (
801:
2401:(Ukrainian parliament) to "grant the Zakarpattia Oblast status of autonomous republic". The latter decision was supported by the Berehove Raion council, Uzhhorod city council and Svalyava Raion council. On 1 September 1991 in Mukachevo, the Association of Carpatho-Rusyns organized a picket with anti-Ukrainian slogans and accusations in "forceful Ukrainization of Rusyns". At the gathering were adopted statement with demand for autonomy and carrying out a regional referendum on the issue. On 15 September 1991 the same demand were put forward by KMKSZ. Those Rusyns questioned legality of Zakarpattia unification with the
3548:
1728:
3256:
478:
3299:. As a result of this development since 1938, the Hungarian and Hungarian-speaking population of Transcarpathia was recorded differently in various censuses and estimations from that time: 1930 census recorded 116,548 ethnic Hungarians, while the contested Hungarian census from 1941 shows as much as 233,840 speakers of Hungarian language in the region. Subsequent estimations are showing 66,000 ethnic Hungarians in 1946 and 139,700 in 1950, while the Soviet census from 1959 recorded 146,247 Hungarians.
2008:. As a result of this development since 1938, the Hungarian and Hungarian-speaking population of Transcarpathia was recorded differently in various censuses and estimations from that time: 1930 census recorded 116,548 ethnic Hungarians, while the contested Hungarian census from 1941 shows as many as 233,840 speakers of Hungarian language in the region. Subsequent estimations are showing 66,000 ethnic Hungarians in 1946 and 139,700 in 1950, while the Soviet census from 1959 recorded 146,247 Hungarians.
1754:, several other countries (including Hungary, Ukraine and Russia) laid claim to Carpathian Rus'. The Allies, however, had few alternatives to choosing Czechoslovakia. Hungary had lost the war and therefore gave up its claims; Ukraine was seen as politically unviable; and Russia was in the midst of a civil war. Thus the only importance of Rusyns' decision to become part of Czechoslovakia was in creating, at least initially, good relations between the leaders of Carpathian Rus' and Czechoslovakia. The
1779:
3590:
3481:
3426:
1391:
2023:
1197:
3330:
3195:
3041:
2848:
862:
92:
51:
3653:(1998), theorizes on ideas underpinning western views of Europe's "Wild East", especially Ruthenia and some Slavic Balkan areas. She sees these ideas as highly applicable to Transcarpathia and describes "an innocent process: a cultural great power seizes and exploits the resources of an area, while imposing new frontiers on its mind-map and creating ideas which, reflected back, have the ability to reshape reality.”
194:
241:
2236:, but no knowledge about local culture. XIX-century Rusyn intellectuals were labelled as "members of the reactionary class and instruments of Vatican obscurantism". The Rusyn anthem and hymn were banned from public performance. Carpatho-Rusyn folk culture and songs, which were promoted, were presented as part of Transcarpathian regional culture as a local variant of Ukrainian culture.
1313:
ethnic makeup of the region, with ideas such as the Lemko-Boiko-Hutsul schema looking to prove the Slavic nature of the Rus, and therefore justifying union with Russia (or later a
Ukrainian state) under the claim that the Rus were part of that Slavic cultural sphere. These Rus or Ruthenians would argue this point until the early 1900's when action would be taken.
2444:(Association of Hungarian Culture of Zakarpattia). The latter camp also was supported by the Zakarpattia eparchy of Russian Orthodox Church, selected members of the Greek Catholic Eparchy of Mukachevo as well as by the majority of the regional council. The camp was aimed to prevent reelection of the regional council and obtain autonomous status for the region.
1086:—continued to settle in small numbers in various parts of the Carpathian borderland, which the Hungarians and other medieval writers referred to as the Marchia Ruthenorum—the Rus' March. These new immigrants, from the north and east, like the Slavs already living in Carpathian Ruthenia, had by the eleventh century come to be known as the people of Rus', or
4160:
In the Bronze Age (ca 1800 BC) Transcarpathia maintained continuity in its painted pottery style of the
Stanove culture but gained metalworking skills (swords, knives, sickles, axes) as a result of the arrival of Thracian tribes from Transylvania. Subsequently Transcarpathia came under the control of
4094:
In
Transcarpathia, descendants of the Thracian Hallstatt culture constituted the Kushtanovytsia culture in the 6th to 3rd centuries BC. In the course of the 2nd and 1st centuries BC the indigenous Thracian and proto-Slavic population of Transcarpathia, western Podilia, Bukovyna, Galicia, and Volhynia
2289:
The Soviet period also meant the upscaling of industrialization in
Transcarpathia. State-owned lumber mills, chemical and food-processing plants widened, with Mukachevo's tobacco factory and Solotvyno's salt works as the biggest ones, providing steady employment to the residents of the region, beyond
3530:
in present-day
Transcarpathia. Some estimates point to a number as high as 50,000 but a true count is hard to obtain as many Roma cannot afford ID documents for themselves and their children. Additionally, many Romani will claim to be Hungarian or Romanian when interviewed by Ukrainian authorities.
3280:, while the Czechoslovak census of 1921 showed 111,052 ethnic Hungarians and 80,132 ethnic Jews, many of whom were speakers of the Hungarian language. Much of the difference in these censuses reflects differences in methodology and definitions rather than a decline in the region's ethnic Hungarian (
2297:
likewise from 26,600 to 84,000. This population increase also reflected demographic changes. The arrival of the Red Army meant the departure of 5,100 Magyars and 2,500 Germans, while 15–20,000 Jewish survivors of the
Holocaust also decided to move out before the borders were sealed. By 1945, around
2088:
On 14 November 1944 the underground radio "Vladislav" transmitted the following message from Khust to London: "The Red Army is subjugating everything to it. We are requesting information, whether it is discussed with the government. Our situation is critical. An open campaign is ongoing for uniting
3538:
have not been kind to the Romani of the region, as they have been particularly hard hit by the economic problems faced by peoples all over the former USSR. Some Romani in western
Ukraine live in major cities such as Uzhhorod and Mukachevo, but most live in ghettos on the outskirts of cities. These
1599:
In May 1919, a
Central National Council convened in the United States under Zatkovich and voted unanimously to accept the admission of Carpathian Ruthenia to Czechoslovakia. Back in Ruthenia, on May 8, 1919, a general meeting of representatives from all the previous councils was held, and declared
1312:
In the 19th and 20th centuries, many nationalist groups vied for unification or alignment with many different possible nationalities, all arguing that the Rus people would be better off uniting with that nation for security or staying within the nation of Hungary. Many of these groups utilized the
2151:
On 29 June 1945, Czechoslovakia signed a treaty with the Soviet Union, officially ceding the region. Between 1945 and 1947, the new Soviet authorities fortified the new borders, and in July 1947 declared Transcarpathia as a "restricted zone of the highest level", with checkpoints on the mountain
1746:
In the period 1918–1938 the Czechoslovak government attempted to bring the Subcarpathian Rus', with 70% of the population illiterate, no industry, and a herdsman way of life, up to the level of the rest of Czechoslovakia. Thousands of Czech teachers, policemen, clerks and businessmen went to the
2396:
The government of Zakarpattia decided to bet on separatist actions. On 27 August 1991 the Mukachevo city council decided to ask the Zakarpattia regional council to adopt a decision about proclamation of the region as the "Zakarpattia autonomous land of Ukraine". In two days the Mukachevo Raion
1579:
and whose proclaimed aim was to "unite the Hungarian, Rusyn and Jewish toilers against the exploiters of the same nationalities". Communist sympathizers accused the Czechoslovaks and Romanians of atrocities, such as public hangings and the clubbing to death of wounded prisoners. This fighting
674:
In 1944–1946, the region was occupied by the Soviet Army and was a separate political formation known as Transcarpathian Ukraine or Subcarpathian Ruthenia. During this period the region possessed some form of quasi-autonomy with its own legislature, while remaining under the governance of the
3398:
Memoirs and historical studies provide much evidence that in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries Rusyn-Jewish relations were generally peaceful. In 1939, census records showed that 80,000 Jews lived in the autonomous province of Ruthenia. Jews made up approximately 14% of the prewar
1967:
Memoirs and historical studies provide much evidence that in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries Rusyn-Jewish relations were generally peaceful. In 1939, census records showed that 80,000 Jews lived in the autonomous province of Ruthenia. Jews made up approximately 14% of the prewar
2375:
Because of the situation in the region, on 26 August 1991 the deputy chairman of the regional council Yuriy Vorobets signed an order to hold an extraordinary session of the council on 30 August, but on 29 August the head of the council Mykhailo Voloshchuk (formerly the 1st secretary of the
2076:
on 8 May 1944. According to the Soviet–Czechoslovak treaty, it was agreed that once any liberated territory of Czechoslovakia ceased to be a combat zone of the Red Army, those lands would be transferred to full control of the Czechoslovak state. However, after a few weeks, the Red Army and
1615:
claimed that the meeting was little more than a farce, with various "notables" fetched from their homes by police, formed into a "National Assembly" without any semblance of a democratic process, and effectively ordered to endorse incorporation into Czechoslovakia. He further asserts that
2120:, to strengthen People's committees as organs of revolutionary authority, and to organize help for the Red Army. The conference also elected its central committee and its first secretary, Ivan Turyanytsia, and agreed to hold a congress of the People's committees on 26 November 1944.
2115:
organization from local districts, who created an organization committee to call for a party conference. On 19 November 1944 at the conference in Mukachevo, the Communist Party of Zakarpattia Ukraine was established. The conference also decided to unite Carpathian Ruthenia with the
1645:. Some rights were, however, withheld by Prague, which justified its actions by claiming that the process was to be a gradual one; and Ruthenians representation in the national sphere was less than that hoped for. Carpathian Ruthenia included former Hungarian territories of
4492:
Preclík, Vratislav. Masaryk a legie (Masaryk and legions), váz. kniha, 219 pages, first issue vydalo nakladatelství Paris Karviná, Žižkova 2379 (734 01 Karvina, Czech Republic) ve spolupráci s Masarykovým demokratickým hnutím (Masaryk Democratic Movement, Prague), 2019,
2384:(LKSMU). To relieve the pressure, Voloshchuk approved a composition of provisional deputy commission for inspection of activity of officials during the putsch that consisted of 17 members mostly of the recently dissolved Communist Party and couple of Rukh members (
1600:
that "The Central Russian National Council... completely endorse the decision of the American Uhro-Rusin Council to unite with the Czech-Slovak nation on the basis of full national autonomy." Note that the Central Russian National Council was an offshoot of the
2290:
the traditional subsistence agriculture. And while traditional labour migration routes to the fields of Hungary or the factories of the United States were now closed, Carpathian Ruthens and Romanians could now move for seasonal work in Russia's North and East.
2352:, a municipality which also adopted the decision to remove the monument faced resistance from local "supporters of Lenin" of Roma ethnicity who clashed with Rukh activists. Due to support of the Zakarpattia regional council of the putsch organizers in Moscow (
4563:
Preclík, Vratislav. Masaryk a legie (Masaryk and legions), váz. kniha, 219 str., vydalo nakladatelství Paris Karviná, Žižkova 2379 (734 01 Karvina, Czech Republic) ve spolupráci s Masarykovým demokratickým hnutím (Masaryk Democratic Movement, Prague), 2019,
2447:
On 27 September 1991 it was finally announced about the extraordinary session of the regional council. The leadership of the council planned to end its work the same day, but the session stretched until 31 October 1991 and the center of political life in
1601:
831:
The region is predominantly rural and infrastructurally underdeveloped. The landscape is mostly mountainous; it is geographically separated from Ukraine, Slovakia, and Romania by mountains, and from Hungary by the Tisza river. The two major cities are
3173:"). After Soviet annexation the ethnonym "Ukrainian", which had replaced "Ruthenian" in eastern Ukraine at the turn of the century, was also applied to Ruthenians/Rusyns of Transcarpathia. Most present-day inhabitants consider themselves ethnically
1900:
bordering with the west of the former Carpatho-Rus. The Hungarian invasion was followed by a few weeks of terror in which more than 27,000 people were shot dead without trial and investigation. Over 75,000 Ukrainians decided to seek asylum in the
2344:(Rukh) and other activists were organizing protests across the whole oblast (region). The local council of Uzhhorod city renamed the Lenin Square to People's Square. On 30 August 1991 during a protest in Uzhhorod a monument of Lenin was removed.
1672:. Whether this was widely popular among the mainly peasant population, is debatable; clearly, however, what mattered most to Ruthenians was not which country they would join, but that they be granted autonomy within it. After their experience of
2408:
1428:
Council) was held in western Ruthenia. The first of many councils, it simply stated the desire of its members to separate from the newly formed Hungarian state but did not specify a particular alternative—only that it must involve the right to
1496:
of 36 deputies. Upon election, the new diet requested the Hungarian government define the borders of the autonomous region, which had not yet been elaborated; without an established territory, the deputies argued that the diet was useless.
1992:
for extermination. Ruthenian ghettos were set up in May 1944 and liquidated by June 1944. Most of the Jews of Transcarpathia were killed, though a number survived, either because they were hidden by their neighbours, or were forced into
1456:
Throughout November and the following few months, councils met every few weeks, calling for various solutions. Some wanted to remain part of the Hungarian Democratic Republic, but with greater autonomy; the most notable of these, the
1492:" (or Rusyn Council), was made up of 42 representatives from the four constituent counties and headed by a chairman, Orest Sabov, and vice-chairman, Avhustyn Shtefan. The following month, on March 4, elections were held for a formal
1288:
and the Principality of Transylvania. Later, the entire region was included into the Kingdom of Hungary. Between 1850 and 1860 the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary was divided into five military districts, and the region was part of the
2159:
to try and condemn all collaborationists with the previous regimes—both Hungary and Carpatho-Ukraine. The court was allowed to hand down either 10 years of forced labour, or the death penalty. Several Ruthenian leaders, including
1717:, US. The reason for his resignation was dissatisfaction with the borders with Slovakia. His tenure is a historical anomaly as the only American citizen ever acting as governor of a province that later became a part of the USSR.
2356:), the local "democratic forces" were requesting for the council to announce its dissolution. Among those "democratic forces" were members of the Uzhhorod city council, deputies of "Democratic platform" in the regional council,
2188:
on 1 November 1947. In January 1949 the Greek-Catholic Eparchy of Mukachevo was declared illegal; remaining priests and nuns were arrested, and church properties were nationalised and parcelled for public use or lent to the
2172:
also died in prison. The extent of the repression showed to many Carpatho-Ruthenian activists how it would not have been possible to find an accommodation with the coming Soviet regime as it had been with all previous ones.
1620:
had personally instructed the French general on the spot to get the area incorporated into Czechoslovakia "at all costs", so as to create a buffer separating Soviet Ukraine from Hungary, as part of the French anti-Communist
1548:, guaranteeing Rusyn autonomy upon unification with Czechoslovakia on 25 October 1918. A referendum was held among American Rusyn parishes in November 1918, with a resulting 67% in favor. Another 28% voted for union with
1059:
in the early 10th century on the plains of Alpár, who ruled over territory that was finally conquered by Hungarians. During the tenth and for most of the eleventh century the territory remained a borderland between the
2385:
5040:
Political confrontations in Zakarpattia in the fall of 1991. To the 20th Anniversary of Ukrainian Independence. Part 4 (Політичне протистояння на Закарпатті восени 1991 р. До двадцятиріччя Незалежності України. Ч.
2388:
and Lyubov Karavanska). At the same time Voloshchuk was urgently seeking for other managing positions for other party officials who lost their job with recent liquidation of the party. Concurrently, the regional
3847:
3814:
2089:
Subcarpathian Ukraine with the Soviet Union. Forced recruitment to the ranks of the Red Army. People are uneducated. Awaiting your recommendations. We urgently need instructions from the government."
1237:, which was one of the administrative units of the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary. During this period, an important factor in the Ruthenian cultural identity, namely religion, came to the forefront. The
1536:; and failing that, they would demand autonomy, though they did not specify under which state. They approached the American government and were told that the only viable option was unification with
2081:
started to obstruct the Czechoslovak delegation's work. Communications between Khust and the government center in exile in London were obstructed and the Czechoslovak officials were forced to use
1508:(council) on April 6 and 7, 1919 led to Rus'ka Krajina then had two councils: the original diet, and the newly elected soviet. Representatives from both councils then decided to join, forming the
2184:
in 1946, Soviet authorities pushed for the return to Orthodoxy of Greek-Catholic parishes in Transcarpathia too, including by engineering an accident leading to the death of recalcitrant bishop
4847:
365 days. Our history. 26 November. How Transcarpathia "voluntarily" and decisively became Ukraine (365 днів. Наша історія. 26 листопада. Як Закарпаття "добровільно" і остаточно стало Україною)
1145:. At the end of the 13th and beginning of the 14th century, during the collapse of the central power in the Kingdom of Hungary, the region was part of the domains of semi-independent oligarchs
5487:
2380:) postponed it by a separate order. On 28 August 1991 the demand for the extraordinary session was supported by the Zakarpattia Democratic League of Youth that previously was part of the
2293:
The inhabitants of the region grew steadily in the Soviet period, from 776,000 in 1946 to over 1.2 million in 1989. Uzhgorod's population increased five-fold, from 26,000 to 117,000, and
549:(Ciscarpathia; "Near-Carpathia"), an unofficial region in Ukraine, to the immediate north-east of the central area of the Carpathian Range, and potentially including its foothills, the
5434:
4917:
2436:, and small faction of deputies in the regional council. The pro-Ukrainian camp was seeking to reelect the regional council. The other camp consisted of sympathizers of the regional
2377:
2143:. After two months of conflicts and negotiations the Czechoslovak government delegation departed from Khust on February 1, 1945, leaving Carpathian Ukraine under Soviet control.
667:
on the same day, and remained under Hungarian control until the end of World War II. During this period the region continued to possess a special administration and the term
2255:. Starting with the 1946 census, all Rusyns were recorded as Ukrainians; anyone clinging to the old label was considered a separatist and a potential counter-revolutionary.
5039:
2258:
In February 1945, the National Council confiscated 53,000 hectares of land from large landowners and redistribute it to 54,000 peasant households (37% of the population).
7105:
3682:
3677:
2259:
1188:-speaking areas. Over time, because of geographical and political isolation from the main Ruthenian-speaking territory, the inhabitants developed distinctive features.
4846:
445:
minorities. Prior to World War II, many more Jews lived in the region, constituting over 13% of its total population in 1930. The most commonly spoken languages are
2270:
decisions set Transcarpatia to become a "land of orchards and vineyards" between 1955 and 1965, planting 98,000 hectares with little results. Attempt to cultivate
4464:
7440:
6844:
6480:
5226:[About the number and composition of the Transcarpathian oblast according to the results of the National Census of 2001] (in Ukrainian). Archived from
1739:
was divided into four provinces: Bohemia, Moravia-Silesia, Slovakia, and the Subcarpathian Rus'. The main town of the region, and its capital until 1938, was
215:
7400:
1750:
The Rusyn people decided to join the new state of Czechoslovakia, a decision that happened parallel to other events that affected these proceedings. At the
7475:
2345:
5310:
1709:
was appointed governor of the province by Masaryk on April 20, 1920 and resigned almost a year later, on April 17, 1921, to return to his law practice in
7435:
7283:
923:
in the 2nd millennium BC, the region was characterized by Stanove culture; however, it only gained more advanced metalworking skills with the arrival of
560:(literally "below the Carpathians"), although technically this name refers only to a long, narrow basin that flanks the northern side of the mountains.
7470:
7430:
17:
7425:
3014:
2165:
1770:. 73 percent of local parents voted against Ukrainian language education for their children in a referendum conducted in Subcarpathian Rus' in 1937.
3539:
ghettos are known as "taberi" and can house up to 300 families. These encampments tend to be fairly primitive with no running water or electricity.
2161:
3102:
2468:
2315:
1747:
region. The Czechoslovak government built thousands of kilometers of railways, roads, airports, and hundreds of schools and residential buildings.
5358:
Greetings from the Old Country to all of the American Russian people! (Pozdravlenije iz staroho Kraja vsemu Amerikanskomu Karpatorusskomu Narodu!)
7415:
5526:
3020:
7213:
6898:
567:, it was officially referred to in Hungarian as Kárpátalja (literally: "the base of the Carpathians") or the north-eastern regions of medieval
5465:
5221:
1280:, while the south-eastern parts remained under the administration of Transylvania. From 1699 the entire region eventually became part of the
1133:. Later, the county administrative system was expanded to the whole of Transcarpathia, and the area was divided between the counties of Ung,
4913:
1920:, in the territory annexed the Governorate of Subcarpathia was installed and divided into three, the administrative branch offices of Ung (
1581:
1273:
1226:
5196:"Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года. Распределение городского и сельского населения областей республик СССР по полу и национальности"
5144:"Всесоюзная перепись населения 1970 года. Распределение городского и сельского населения областей республик СССР по полу и национальности"
5118:"Всесоюзная перепись населения 1959 года. Распределение городского и сельского населения областей республик СССР по полу и национальности"
4712:
4633:
4616:"Treaty of Peace between the Allied and Associated Powers and Austria; Protocol, Declaration and Special Declaration [1920] ATS 3"
7405:
5921:
4819:
1763:
535:. The local Ruthenian population self-identifies in different ways: some consider themselves to be a separate and unique Slavic group of
7346:
5170:"Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 года. Городское и сельское население областей республик СССР (кроме РСФСР) по полу и национальности"
3302:
As of 2004, about 170,000 (12–13%) inhabitants of Transcarpathia declare Hungarian as their mother tongue. Homeland Hungarians refer to
7460:
7450:
6473:
6045:
3319:
3284:) or Hungarian-speaking population. According to the 1921 census, Hungarians constituted about 17.9% of the region's total population.
2393:(executive committee) suddenly registered 208 religious communities and transferred property ownership of 83 church buildings to them.
359:
5740:
Nykolaj Beskyd. "Who Was Aleksander Duchnovyc?" Narodny Novynky. Prešov, Slovakia. No. 17. April 28, 1993. Translated by John E. Timo.
4369:
202:
7055:
7050:
6489:
6411:
5054:
2520:
2514:
1504:, which then announced the existence of a "Soviet Rus'ka Krajina". Elections organized by the new Hungarian government of a people's
5753:"Nation Building or Nation Destroying? Lemkos, Poles and Ukrainians in Contemporary Poland." Polish Review. XXXV 3/4. New York 1990.
1695:
directly to the north, while local Communists sabotaged the trains and tried to help the Soviet side. During and after the war many
1098:, a Ruthenian noble unable to continue his family's rule of Kiev, governed a great deal of Transcarpathia from 1243 to 1261 for his
7465:
7420:
3632:", a rustic province lost in forested mountains. Conceived as a Central European kingdom, Ruritania was the setting for several of
3177:, although in the most recent census 10,100 people (0.8% of Zakarpattia Oblast's 1.26 million) identified themselves as ethnically
2368:, Hungarian Cultural Federation in Transcarpathia (KMKSZ), Shevchenko Association of Ukrainian Language and the regional branch of
1676:, few Carpathian Rusyns were eager to remain under Hungarian rule, and they desired to ensure self-determination. According to the
5797:
3169:
In the 19th century and the first part of the 20th, the inhabitants of Transcarpathia continued to call themselves "Ruthenians" ("
7485:
7455:
7445:
7395:
5886:
3866:
Similarly as in Galicia, Subcarpathian Ruthenia also had two main movements for self determination (Ukrainophile and Russophile).
1883:
531:
The name Carpathian Ruthenia is sometimes used for the contiguous cross-border area of Ukraine, Slovakia and Poland inhabited by
5809:
2432:
and others. The camp also supported by students of the Uzhhorod State University, several members of the Uzhhorod city council,
7390:
7243:
4749:
4139:
3961:
2464:
2460:
2441:
1634:
5828:
5756:
John Slivka. The History of the Greek Rite Gatholics in Pannonia, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Podkarpatska Rus 863–1949. 1974.
3107:
2000:
The end of the war had a significant impact on the ethnic Hungarian population of the area: 10,000 fled before the arrival of
1743:. It had an area of 12,097 square kilometres (4,671 sq mi), and its 1921 population was estimated as being 592,044.
6883:
6466:
6122:
5859:
5731:
5420:
5361:
5337:
3534:
They are by far the poorest and least-represented ethnic group in the region and face intense prejudice. The years since the
2530:
1234:
156:
5791:
4025:
128:
4800:
Paul R. Magocsi. Ivan Ivanovich Pop. Encyclopedia of Rusyn history and culture. University of Toronto Press. 2002. p. 512.
4410:
Kincses-Nagy, Eva (2013). "A Disappeared People and a Disappeared Language: The Cumans and the Cuman language of Hungary".
1831:
259:
251:
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2194:
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2017:
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1414:
395:
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3887:
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and the territories from present-day central and eastern Germany) about their settlement in the 16th to 18th centuries.
1878:–Birkenau, May 1944. Without being registered to the camp system, most were killed in gas chambers hours after arriving.
1870:
539:
and some consider themselves to be both Rusyns and Ukrainians. To describe their home region, most of them use the term
7410:
7075:
5606:
5582:
5558:
4941:
4788:
4688:
4569:
4526:
4498:
4352:
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4153:
4087:
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1847:
1808:
1285:
1218:
1091:
1000:
664:
4663:
Illés, op.cit., refers to local Communists lighting fires on Carpathian peaks, which they hoped would show the way to
135:
4387:
3518:
groups like the Slovaks, as they originated from Czech-speaking groups from Bohemia and Moravia instead of Slovakia.
3377:
3295:
forces. Many of the remaining adult men (25,000) were deported to the Soviet Union; about 30% of them died in Soviet
3242:
3088:
2895:
2112:
2004:
forces. Many of the remaining adult men (25,000) were deported to the Soviet Union; about 30% of them died in Soviet
1677:
1642:
901:
295:
277:
175:
78:
5860:"Ruthenia – Spearhead Toward the West", by Senator Charles J. Hokky, Former Member of the Czechoslovakian Parliament
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3224:
3070:
2877:
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6758:
6322:
6312:
5853:
4317:
3007:
make up 1% and 3% of the population respectively. Only one percent of the population does not follow any religion.
2073:
2057:. On 28 October 1944, upon conclusion of the offensive campaign, most of Subcarpathian Ruthenia was secured by the
1571:
auspices—entered the area. In a series of battles they defeated and crushed the local militias of the newly formed
387:
4895:
2262:
started in 1946; around 2,000 peasants were arrested during protests in 1948–49 and sent for forced labour in the
848:) varies between 10,000 and 30,000. Other urban and rural populated places have a population of less than 10,000.
624:
Alternative, unofficial names used in Czechoslovakia before World War II included Subcarpathia (Czech and Slovak:
6834:
6084:
6033:
5389:
Die Karpato-Ukraine 1938/39: Spielball im internationalen Interessenkonflikt am Vorabend des Zweiten Weltkrieges.
5223:Про кількість та склад населення Закарпатської області за підсумками Всеукраїнського перепису населення 2001 року
3535:
3390:
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proclaimed declaration about its independence and also prohibited the Communist Party in the republic. The local
1897:
1266:
1262:
1154:
879:
109:
64:
2440:
officials (and formerly communist) who were supported by Association of Carpatho-Rusyns, later it was joined by
142:
7176:
7035:
5720:
5706:
5681:
5656:
5639:
5621:
5379:
4033:
3355:
3220:
3066:
3000:
2873:
1410:
883:
113:
5259:
3567:. However, there also are Romanians in Carpathian Ruthenia living outside Maramureș, mostly in the village of
2424:
also included URP, DemPU, Party of Greens, Shevchenko Association of Ukrainian Language, regional branches of
1552:, and less than one percent each for Galicia, Hungary and Russia. Less than 2% desired complete independence.
6404:
5803:
4900:
3707:
3620:
There are a few Greeks in Carpathian Ruthenia. They are also known as Carpatho-Greeks and Greek-Carpathians.
2208:
Prosvita, and the Subcarpathian Scholarly Society. New books and publications were circulated, including the
1418:
1277:
5244:
1465:
and began negotiations with Hungarian authorities. These negotiations ultimately resulted in the passage of
7385:
7248:
6377:
6317:
5848:
4277:
Uzhgorod and Mukachevo: a guide, Dmitriĭ Ivanovich Pop, Ivan Ivanovich Pop, Raduga Publishers, 1987, p. 14.
3291:
had a significant impact on the ethnic Hungarian population of the area: 10,000 fled before the arrival of
2421:
2357:
2217:
1839:
1804:
1751:
1665:
1290:
791:
390:
once again when Germany dismembered the Second Czechoslovak Republic. After the war, it was annexed by the
383:
124:
1819:
of the autonomous government. After the resignation of the government following a local political crisis,
1691:
In 1920, the area was used as a conduit for arms and ammunition for the anti-Soviet Poles fighting in the
7258:
6778:
5879:
4145:
4079:
3967:
2365:
1622:
1556:
379:
5284:
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How Subcarpathian Ruthenian became Carpathian Ukraine (Как Подкарпатская Русь стала Карпатской Украиной)
1469:
by the Hungarian government on December 21, 1918, thereby establishing the autonymous Rusyn province of
1177:
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332:
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In December 1944 the National Council of Transcarpatho-Ukraine set up a special people's tribunal in
1625:" policy, and that it was the French rather than the Czechoslovaks who made the effective decisions.
1585:
1572:
1501:
1417:
Republic. However, for most of this period the region was controlled by the newly formed independent
1258:
1222:
1125:
border region, while the other part was under county authority and was included into the counties of
772:
748:
724:
556:
From a Hungarian (and to an extent Slovak and Czech) perspective, the region is usually described as
321:
30:
This article is about the historical region. For the autonomous state that existed from 1938–39, see
4428:
4179:
4113:
4058:
3997:
1424:
On November 8, 1918, the first National Council (the Lubovňa Council, which later reconvened as the
1007:. Whereas some White Croats remained behind in Carpathian Ruthenia, others moved southward into the
6812:
6783:
6608:
6397:
6284:
5676:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press for the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute.
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3527:
3340:
3205:
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2181:
2136:
2042:
2038:
2034:
1893:
1887:
1612:
1529:
1075:
543:(Trans-Carpathia; literally "beyond the Carpathian mountains"). This is contrasted implicitly with
5227:
4095:
intermingled with the Celtic tribes of the La Tàene culture that spread there from central Europe.
3943:
2452:
had relocated to the regional council and the People's Square in front of the council's building.
1988:, 17 main ghettos were set up in cities in Carpathian Ruthenia, from which all Jews were taken to
1980:
policies of the Hungarian government resulted in emigration and deportation of Hungarian-speaking
7090:
5941:
5084:"'Novyny Zakarpattya', the newspaper of the Regional Council of People's Deputies". No. 231.
4780:
3827:
3344:
3209:
3055:
2862:
2348:; however, this decision was not universally accepted and faced resistance in some instances. In
2190:
1316:
In 1910, the population of Transcarpathia was 605,942, of which 330,010 (54.5%) were speakers of
1276:
and between 1682 and 1685 its north-western part was administered by the Ottoman vassal state of
1246:
927:
from the South with Kushtanovytsia culture in the 6th-3rd century BC. In the 5th-3rd century BC,
872:
207:
102:
5787:
Paul R. Magocsi, Carpatho-Rusyns, brochure published by The Carpatho-Rusyn Research Center, 1995
4592:
2471:
also took place. 78 percent of voters voted for autonomy within Ukraine, which was not granted.
2068:
to establish the provisional Czechoslovak administration, according to the treaties between the
589:
administration in the first half of the 20th century, the region was referred to for a while as
571:, which in the 16th century was contested between the Habsburg monarchy and the Ottoman Empire.
7025:
7003:
6994:
6753:
6289:
5872:
4719:
4640:
4615:
4290:
1827:
of the new government. In December 1938, Subcarpathian Rus' was renamed to Carpathian Ukraine.
1605:
1576:
1068:
1048:
401:
It is an ethnically diverse region, inhabited mostly by people who regard themselves as ethnic
6858:
4133:
1488:
On February 5, 1919, a provisional government for Rus'ka Krajina was established. The "Rus'ka
7070:
7060:
7013:
6878:
6863:
6773:
6559:
4415:
3638:
3303:
3271:
2177:
2097:
2046:
1696:
1568:
1250:
1095:
39:
6633:
6458:
1121:
During the early period of Hungarian administration, part of the area was included into the
1103:
520:
149:
7238:
6873:
6763:
6338:
6264:
6150:
6140:
6089:
6020:
5195:
5169:
5143:
5117:
3692:
3556:
3143:
3115:
1973:
1564:
1233:
suzerainty. The part of Transcarpathia under Habsburg administration was included into the
1111:
980:
840:, both with populations around 100,000. The population of the other five cities (including
809:
582:, which is geographically located in the eastern and south-eastern portions of the region.
6363:
5062:
3547:
1706:
1394:
1378:
8:
7273:
7263:
7100:
7085:
7080:
7065:
7030:
7018:
6829:
6666:
6623:
6603:
6437:
6348:
6232:
5810:
Ethnic structure of the population on the present territory of Transcarpathia (1880–1989)
5743:
4216:
2381:
2092:
On 5 November 1944, in anticipation of Soviet rule, the Uzhgorod city council introduced
2026:
Front page of the Zakarpattia Ukraine newspaper (1944) with manifest of unification with
935:. A Thracian-Celtic symbiosis existed for a time in the region, after which appeared the
70:
7233:
5668:, Ukrainian National Publishing Co., Ltd. for Culture and Knowledge (Культура й ocвiтa).
4015:
3403:, where they constituted 43% of the prewar population. Most of them perished during the
1859:
1658:
1474:
1374:
1142:
1043:
fell from power under the efforts of the Hungarians and the Kievan forces. According to
6955:
6724:
6517:
6247:
5988:
5518:
5510:
5457:
4544:
4167:
4101:
4046:
3985:
3789:
3702:
3457:
3416:
3277:
3260:
2449:
2429:
2417:
2311:
2225:
1957:
1937:
1929:
1921:
1796:
1755:
1617:
1545:
1430:
1321:
1317:
1061:
795:
763:
739:
715:
699:
688:
564:
557:
550:
462:
454:
450:
371:
336:
312:
35:
3559:
live in this region, mostly in northern Maramureș, around the southern towns of Rahău/
3399:
population; however, this population was concentrated in the larger towns, especially
2420:
has formed two opposing political camps. One camp pro-Ukrainian has united around the
1968:
population; however, this population was concentrated in the larger towns, especially
1767:
932:
824:. The region borders Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, and Romania, and makes up part of the
7160:
6999:
6960:
6950:
6671:
6512:
6201:
6170:
6117:
6040:
6028:
5716:
5702:
5677:
5652:
5635:
5602:
5578:
5554:
5522:
5461:
5375:
4937:
4784:
4694:
4684:
4565:
4532:
4522:
4494:
4383:
4348:
4323:
4296:
4257:
4226:
4149:
4135:
4083:
4029:
3971:
3797:
3697:
3646:
2992:
2984:
2938:
2918:
2169:
2082:
1843:
1820:
1692:
1593:
1560:
1541:
1470:
1329:
1281:
1242:
1032:
920:
575:
477:
458:
367:
5260:"Stay Where There Are Songs: How Thousands of Roma People Survive in Transcarpathia"
4753:
2228:
was the first language of instruction in schools throughout the region, followed by
1130:
7253:
7218:
7008:
6970:
6868:
6853:
6566:
6343:
6165:
5936:
5502:
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4875:
With Their Backs to the Mountains: A History of Carpathian Rus? and Carpatho-Rusyns
4466:
With Their Backs to the Mountains: A History of Carpathian Rus' and Carpatho-Rusyns
4375:
3818:
3255:
2983:
According to a 2015 survey, 68% of the population of Zakarpattia Oblast adheres to
2229:
2139:) proclaimed the will of Ukrainian people to separate from Czechoslovakia and join
1994:
1917:
1800:
1790:
1782:
1444:. Only in early January 1919 were the first calls heard in Ruthenia for union with
1436:
Other councils, such as the Carpatho-Ruthenian National Council meetings in Huszt (
1161:
1153:. From 1280 to 1320, the north-western part of Carpathian Ruthenia was part of the
1044:
979:
By the 8th and 9th century, the valleys of the Northern and Southern slopes of the
956:
660:
422:
363:
31:
6242:
5806:(the web library of historical documents & publicism about Malorussia/Ukraine)
4967:| Воскресеніє народ, Resurrection Of A Nation, John and Helen Timo Foundation 2019
4896:
Communist Party of Zakarpattia Ukraine (КОМУНІСТИЧНА ПАРТІЯ ЗАКАРПАТСЬКОЇ УКРАЇНИ)
2100:). According to Magdalena Lavrincova, this was perceived by many as a sign of the
2064:
The Czechoslovak government delegation led by minister František Němec arrived in
1812:
675:
Communist Party of Transcarpathian Ukraine. After the signing of a treaty between
348:
344:
7480:
7198:
7188:
7146:
7110:
6965:
6926:
6906:
6807:
6593:
6554:
6539:
6507:
6503:
5998:
5993:
5980:
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5596:
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5544:
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3851:
3805:
3781:
2267:
2185:
2128:
2101:
1759:
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1413:
and the region was briefly (in 1918 and 1919) claimed as part of the independent
1333:
1325:
1306:
1040:
1028:
1004:
968:
825:
649:
602:
466:
375:
5403:"Ukrainisches Piemont"? Die Karpartenukraine am Vorabend des Zweiten Weltkrieges
2266:. Collectivisation, including of mountain shepherds, was completed by May 1950.
1727:
955:
settlement began between the 2nd-century BCE and 2nd century CE, and during the
7331:
7228:
7203:
7193:
6985:
6921:
6911:
6822:
6740:
6719:
6447:
6432:
6180:
6175:
6112:
6079:
5970:
5962:
5823:
4521:. Paul R. Magocsi, Ivan Pop. Toronto, Ont.: University of Toronto Press. 2002.
3838:
3764:
3672:
3662:
2398:
2329:
2233:
2027:
1961:
1824:
1816:
1736:
1669:
1537:
1445:
1337:
1302:
1238:
1230:
1181:
1065:
1052:
1012:
676:
641:
598:
586:
500:
446:
5453:
4965:
2302:) due to their disconnect from the Rusyn- and Hungarian-speaking countryside.
2232:, which was used in academia. Most new generations had a passive knowledge of
1984:, and other groups living in the territory were decimated by war. During the
1778:
7379:
7361:
7348:
7291:
7223:
6975:
6793:
6613:
6206:
6155:
5412:
4536:
4379:
4021:
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2996:
2958:
2771:
2402:
2333:
2321:
2221:
2205:
2117:
1673:
1654:
1364:
1138:
1099:
952:
684:
442:
434:
430:
6598:
5786:
4698:
2127:
under the protection of the Red Army. On November 26 this committee, led by
1180:, formally integrated into Hungary in 1402. All the groups, including local
1106:. The territory's ethnic diversity increased with the influx of some 40,000
27:
Historic region located on the northeastern side of the Carpathian Mountains
7311:
7296:
7045:
6817:
6802:
6648:
6442:
6307:
6237:
6160:
6104:
6074:
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Republic for a day: An eye-witness account of the Carpatho-Ukraine incident
4934:
State Succession in Municipal Law and International Law: Internal relations
4914:"On this Day, in 1945: Carpathian Ruthenia was annexed by the Soviet Union"
4820:
Today is the 80th anniversary of the proclamation of the Carpathian Ukraine
4194:
3667:
3633:
3292:
3288:
2948:
2437:
2337:
2069:
2054:
2001:
1902:
1855:
1714:
1650:
1525:
1478:
1398:
1354:
1201:
1184:
population, blended together, creating a distinctive culture from the main
1150:
1134:
1083:
992:
984:
821:
683:
as well as the decision of the regional council, Transcarpathia joined the
680:
545:
391:
352:
7316:
6252:
4516:
579:
7326:
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6888:
6586:
6358:
6353:
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3628:
For 19th-century west-European readers, Ruthenia was an inspiration for "
2340:
remained in confusion for several days following those events. The local
2325:
2201:
2093:
2022:
1500:
On March 21, 1919 the Democratic Republic of Hungary was replaced by the
1406:
1390:
1249:
of Carpathian and Transcarpathian Rus' to come under the jurisdiction of
1146:
5674:
Carpatho-Ukraine in the Twentieth Century: A Political and Legal History
4501:, pp. 35–53, 106–107, 111–112, 124–125, 128, 129, 132, 140–148, 184–199.
3589:
3480:
3425:
2011:
1196:
1160:
Between the 12th and 15th centuries, the area was probably colonized by
6684:
6679:
5735:
5514:
5424:
5365:
5341:
4680:
The lights that failed : European international history, 1919–1933
3568:
3515:
3296:
3174:
3123:
3122:
Carpathian Ruthenia is inhabited mainly by people who self-identify as
3004:
2968:
2786:
2525:
2497:
2493:
2397:
council has decided to ask the regional council to petition before the
2324:
adopted a law about referendums that lasted until 2012. Soon after the
2252:
2005:
1851:
1710:
1646:
1638:
1589:
1544:, then signed the "Philadelphia Agreement" with Czechoslovak President
1482:
1368:
1344:
1210:
1185:
1173:
1126:
1024:
988:
886: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
532:
491:
402:
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1740:
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Council (November 9, 1918), declared itself the representative of the
6618:
6549:
6259:
5311:"Și ei sunt români. Și ei sunt ai noștri. Și ei au nevoie de România"
5202:. Демоскоп Weekly – Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей
5176:. Демоскоп Weekly – Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей
5150:. Демоскоп Weekly – Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей
5124:. Демоскоп Weekly – Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей
4823:
3924:
Markus, Vasyl (1954). "Carpatho-Ukraine under Hungarian Occupation".
3629:
3404:
3400:
2294:
2283:
2240:
2132:
2124:
2108:
2050:
1989:
1985:
1969:
1949:
1875:
1703:
who opposed both Polish and Soviet rule fled to Carpathian Ruthenia.
1169:
944:
940:
936:
924:
837:
426:
7321:
5616:
5506:
3329:
3194:
3040:
2847:
1425:
861:
817:
91:
6941:
6729:
6653:
6643:
6628:
6420:
6008:
4936:. Vol. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 213.
4664:
3712:
3151:
2425:
2390:
2369:
2279:
2156:
2146:
2058:
1945:
1533:
1458:
1358:
1348:
1272:
In the 17th century (until 1648) the entire region was part of the
996:
845:
833:
340:
7301:
6389:
4292:
Our people: Carpatho-Rusyns and their descendants in North America
1972:, where they constituted 43% of the prewar population. After the
1122:
1114:
in the 12th century and their ultimate defeat at the hands of the
6931:
6714:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6638:
6576:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6057:
5926:
5781:
5550:
The Shaping of a National Identity: Subcarpathian Rus', 1848–1948
5288:
5094:
Slovenský náučný slovník, I. zväzok, Bratislava-Český Těšín, 1932
4877:, by Paul Robert Magocsi, Central European University Press, 2015
4222:
The Roots of Ukrainian Nationalism: Galicia as Ukraine's Piedmont
3577:
in Romanian and live closer to Poland and Slovakia than Romania.
3465:
3461:
3281:
3267:
The following data is according to the Ukrainian census of 2001.
3163:
3159:
3155:
3111:
3030:
2799:
2456:
2349:
2248:
1838:
on March 15, Carpathian Ukraine declared its independence as the
1549:
1115:
1079:
1008:
948:
418:
5864:
4581:
Quoted extensively in Béla Illés, "A Carpathian Raphosody", 1939
3276:
The 1910 Austro-Hungarian census showed 185,433 speakers of the
2037:
in the fall of 1944. This offensive consisted of two parts: the
1909:
prison-camps. Others joined the remaining Czech troops from the
1110:
settlers, who came to the Pannonian Basin after their defeat by
808:
Carpathian Ruthenia rests on the southern slopes of the eastern
193:
6581:
6571:
6544:
5931:
5916:
5904:
5895:
3560:
3514:
in Carpathian Ruthenia are ethnoculturally distinct from other
3511:
3178:
3147:
3127:
2792:
2510:
2502:
2275:
2263:
2244:
1680:, the former region of the Kingdom of Hungary, Ruthenian Land (
1505:
1462:
1254:
1087:
1036:
964:
536:
511:
414:
410:
406:
2123:
The "National Council of Transcarpatho-Ukraine" was set up in
1846:
as head of state, and was immediately occupied and annexed by
1176:
populations. Initially, the Romanians were organized into the
563:
During the period in which the region was administered by the
7306:
6689:
6488:
4319:
Endangered Peoples of Europe: Struggles to Survive and Thrive
3950:(third (1970–1979) ed.) – via The Free Dictionary.
3551:
Stylized traditional folk costume of Romanians of Zakarpattia
3010:
The Orthodox community of Zakarpattia is divided as follows:
2353:
2065:
1953:
1906:
1437:
1397:
signing the Declaration of Common Aims at Independence Hall,
1165:
1107:
1056:
928:
841:
813:
5837:
4812:
4810:
4808:
4806:
2305:
4256:]. Novi Sad: Akademska knjiga. pp. 168, 444, 451.
3678:
Military history of Carpathian Ruthenia during World War II
2078:
1977:
1489:
960:
438:
366:(at the end of the 9th century) to the end of World War I (
4254:
Sloveni u ranom srednjem veku (Slavs in Early Middle Ages)
2455:
In December 1991 Zakarpattia became a part of independent
1865:
1524:
in the United States had convened and called for complete
1301:
After 1867, the region was administratively included into
613:), and from 1928 as Subcarpathian Ruthenian Land. (Czech:
5666:
Parliament of Carpatho-Ukraine (Coйм Карпатськoї України)
4803:
2346:
Monuments of Lenin were also removed in other settlements
2271:
2200:
Cultural institutions were also forbidden, including the
1981:
1758:
was not actively persecuted in Czechoslovakia during the
1473:
from the Rusyn-inhabited parts of four eastern counties (
1011:
in the 7th century. Those who remained were conquered by
4469:. New York: Central European University Press. p. 5
2243:
declared all East Slavic inhabitants of Czechoslovakia (
2197:), the only accepted religious authority in the region.
931:
arrived from the West, bringing iron-melting skills and
5370:
Nemec, Frantisek, and Vladimir Moudry (2nd ed., 1980).
5285:"Romani Yag. Roma Public News. Interukrainian Biweekly"
3683:
Ruthenians and Ukrainians in Czechoslovakia (1918–1938)
3651:
Inventing Ruritania: the Imperialism of the Imagination
1641:
autonomy, which was later upheld to some extent by the
1039:
and settled among Slavs when on their way to Pannonia.
777:
753:
729:
326:
1296:
5488:"The Ruthenian Decision to Unite with Czechoslovakia"
4744:
4742:
4740:
3832:
2484:
Percentages may not total 100.0% because of rounding.
2045:; and the Battle of Uzhgorod to break through to the
2012:
Transition to Soviet takeover and control (1944–1945)
1684:), was officially renamed to Subcarpathian Ruthenia (
1628:
1340:, and 8,228 (1.4%) were speakers of other languages.
1035:
wrote that Hungarian tribes had to fight against the
386:. Before World War II, the region was annexed by the
5692:
Carpatho-Ukraine in International Affairs: 1938–1939
5574:
Galicia: A Historical Survey and Bibliographic Guide
5105:
Die Karpaten-Ukraine zwischen den beiden Weltkriegen
3394:
Jews from Galicia (left) and Mukachevo (right), 1821
3021:
Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate
2459:. A majority 92.59% of voters of Zakarpattia oblast
1090:. Local Slavic nobility often intermarried with the
5819:
The greatness and the tragedy of Carpathian Ukraine
5239:
5237:
4071:
3775:
2033:The Soviet takeover of the region started with the
1440:) (November 1918), called for unification with the
1191:
1027:crossed the Carpathian Range and migrated into the
663:on March 15, 1939, but was occupied and annexed by
116:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
5435:"An Historiographical Guide to Subcarpathian Rus'"
4737:
3623:
2152:passes connecting the region to mainland Ukraine.
1385:
1225:. Beginning in 1570 the latter transformed to the
5598:Carpatho-Rusyn Studies: An Annotated Bibliography
5417:Carpathian Ruthenia and the Czechoslovak Republic
1850:, restoring provisionally the former counties of
1773:
1722:
1421:, with a short period of West Ukrainian control.
481:Former Hungarian counties in Zakarpattia Oblast:
7377:
5761:Українськi Говори Пiдкарпатської Руси i Сумeжних
5234:
4840:
4838:
4836:
4834:
4832:
4013:
3103:1991 Transcarpathian general regional referendum
2316:1991 Transcarpathian general regional referendum
2147:Transcarpathian Ukraine–Soviet Union (1945–1991)
1567:forces arriving from the east—both acting under
694:The region has subsequently been referred to as
5214:
5033:
5031:
5029:
5027:
5025:
5023:
5021:
5019:
5017:
5015:
5013:
5011:
5009:
5007:
5005:
5003:
5001:
4999:
4997:
4995:
4993:
4572:, pp. 87–89, 110–112, 124–128, 140–148, 184–190
1811:. The remainder of Subcarpathian Rus' received
331:) is a historical region on the border between
5348:The Fate of the Holy Union in Carpatho-Ukraine
4991:
4989:
4987:
4985:
4983:
4981:
4979:
4977:
4975:
4973:
4906:
4511:
4509:
4507:
4488:
4486:
4484:
4347:. University of Washington Press. p. 14.
3572:
3031:Issue with self-identity: Ukrainians or Rusyns
2378:Zakarpattia regional communist party committee
804:Lands bordering the Carpathian Ruthenia region
636:), Carpathian Rus/Ruthenia (Czech and Slovak:
632:), Transcarpathian Ukraine (Czech and Slovak:
609:) or Subcarpathian Ukraine (Czech and Slovak:
370:in 1920), most of this region was part of the
7441:States and territories disestablished in 1948
6474:
6405:
5880:
5055:"До 15-ї річниці Всеукраїнського референдуму"
4931:
4829:
4225:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 2–4.
3015:Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate
1528:. Failing that, they would try to unite with
640:) and, occasionally, Hungarian Rus/Ruthenia (
7401:Historical regions in the Kingdom of Hungary
5372:The Soviet Seizure of Subcarpathian Ruthenia
4409:
2111:, there was a meeting of representatives of
1637:(September 10, 1919) granted the Carpathian
1559:control on the ground was established, when
7476:1940s disestablishments in the Soviet Union
4970:
4504:
4481:
3358:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3259:Percentage of Hungarian native speakers in
3223:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3069:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2876:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2168:, were condemned and executed in May 1946.
1997:, which often guaranteed food and shelter.
1604:and represented a Carpathian branch of the
1377:(only the northern part), Máramarossziget (
1217:In 1526 the region was divided between the
79:Learn how and when to remove these messages
7436:States and territories established in 1919
6481:
6467:
6412:
6398:
6046:American Carpatho-Russian Orthodox Diocese
5887:
5873:
4889:
4887:
4885:
4883:
4870:
4868:
4866:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4858:
4856:
3460:for more information (mainly Germans from
3320:History of the Jews in Carpathian Ruthenia
3126:, many of whom may refer to themselves as
2467:. On the same day in Zakarpattia oblast a
983:were "densely" settled by Slavic tribe of
553:basin and part of the surrounding plains.
7471:1940s disestablishments in Czechoslovakia
6490:Historical regions in present-day Ukraine
5632:Encyclopedia of Rusyn history and culture
4518:Encyclopedia of Rusyn history and culture
3378:Learn how and when to remove this message
3243:Learn how and when to remove this message
3089:Learn how and when to remove this message
2896:Learn how and when to remove this message
2328:in Moscow (19–22), on 24 August 1991 the
2306:Transition to independent Ukraine (1991–)
2282:were uprooted twenty years later, during
1905:; of those almost 60,000 of them died in
1592:were also too preoccupied with their own
1515:
902:Learn how and when to remove this message
296:Learn how and when to remove this message
278:Learn how and when to remove this message
176:Learn how and when to remove this message
7426:Territorial disputes of the Soviet Union
5577:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
5245:"Релігійні вподобання населення України"
3563:and Teceu Mare/Tiachiv and close to the
3546:
3389:
3254:
3106:
2407:
2021:
1869:
1777:
1726:
1512:("Governing Council) of Rus'ka Krajina.
1389:
1195:
812:, bordered to the east and south by the
799:
659:The region declared its independence as
476:
218:of all important aspects of the article.
5671:
5591:
5567:
5553:. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
5543:
5482:
5429:
5407:Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas 49
5257:
5044:. Zakarpattia online. 22 September 2011
4880:
4853:
4676:
4462:
4345:Historical Atlas of East Central Europe
4342:
4315:
4288:
4215:
4192:
3911:
3888:"Subcarpathian Rus'/Podkarpats'ka Rus'"
1884:Carpathian Ruthenia during World War II
1866:Governorate of Subcarpathia (1939–1945)
914:
34:. For the modern Ukrainian region, see
14:
7416:Territorial disputes of Czechoslovakia
7378:
5618:The Rusyn-Ukrainians Of Czechoslovakia
4750:"Subcarpathian Rus – Podkarpatska Rus"
4367:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4123:
3923:
3526:There are approximately 25,000 ethnic
2911:Religion in Zakarpattia Oblast (2015)
2465:Declaration of Independence of Ukraine
1608:that existed in the Austrian Galicia.
335:, mostly located in western Ukraine's
214:Please consider expanding the lead to
7431:Czechoslovakia–Soviet Union relations
7056:Little Russia Governorate (1796–1802)
7051:Little Russia Governorate (1764–1781)
6462:
6393:
5868:
4767:
4246:Sedov, Valentin Vasilyevich (2013) .
4245:
4009:
4007:
3162:. Ruthenian settlements exist in the
2286:'s anti-alcohol campaign in 1985–87.
2278:also failed due to the climate. Most
1942:Máramarosi közigazgatási kirendeltség
1078:) and east—who actually arrived from
939:. At that time, the Iranian-speaking
628:), Transcarpathia (Czech and Slovak:
5308:
4205:(4). Carpatho-Rusyn Research Center.
4026:NASU Institute of History of Ukraine
3584:
3475:
3420:
3356:adding citations to reliable sources
3323:
3221:adding citations to reliable sources
3188:
3067:adding citations to reliable sources
3034:
2874:adding citations to reliable sources
2841:
1874:Carpathian Ruthenian Jews arrive at
1245:(1646) were instituted, causing the
1018:
974:
884:adding citations to reliable sources
855:
234:
187:
114:adding citations to reliable sources
85:
44:
6419:
5258:Nikolay, Polischuk (May 12, 2016).
4930:For a discussion of the treaty see
4777:"Ukraine: Birth of a Modern Nation"
4683:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
4134:Volodymyr Kubijovyč; Vasyl Markus;
4120:
3146:, including regions of present-day
2434:Greek Catholic Eparchy of Mukachevo
2035:East Carpathian Strategic Offensive
2018:Soviet annexation of Transcarpathia
1832:Slovak proclamation of independence
1563:troops acting in coordination with
1411:Austro-Hungarian monarchy collapsed
1320:, 185,433 (30.6%) were speakers of
1297:Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
1047:, the Hungarians defeated a united
437:. It also has small communities of
396:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
24:
18:Subcarpathian Rus' (1918-1938)
5649:Dějiny Podkarpatské Rusi v datech.
5601:. Vol. 1. New York: Garland.
5309:Peiu, Petrisor (2 February 2020).
5107:, Esslingen am Neckar 1979, p. 136
4920:from the original on 26 July 2021.
4371:The Dynasty of Chernigov 1146–1246
4004:
3142:also span adjacent regions of the
1896:further territories disputed with
1629:Part of Czechoslovakia (1920–1938)
1602:Central Ruthenian National Council
1324:, 64,257 (10.6%) were speakers of
1253:, thus establishing the so-called
597:, and later as Subcarpathian Rus (
250:tone or style may not reflect the
25:
7497:
7461:1948 disestablishments in Ukraine
7451:1948 disestablishments in Hungary
5894:
5782:The Carpatho-Rusyn knowledge base
5775:
5713:The Ukrainians: Unexpected Nation
5697:Subtelny, Orest (3rd ed., 2000).
2987:, while 19% are followers of the
1934:Beregi közigazgatási kirendeltség
1836:Nazis' seizure of the Czech lands
1807:ceded southern Carpathian Rus to
1678:Czechoslovak Constitution of 1920
1451:
1328:, 11,668 (1.9%) were speakers of
60:This article has multiple issues.
38:. For the geographical area, see
7182:West Ukrainian People's Republic
7156:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
6313:Twelve-dish Christmas Eve supper
6186:West Ukrainian People's Republic
5711:Wilson, Andrew (2nd ed., 2002).
5634:, Univ. of Toronto Press, 2005.
4950:British and Foreign State Papers
4850:. Poltava 365. 26 November 2018.
4295:. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers.
4017:ЗАКАРПАТСЬКА УКРАЇНА, ЗАКАРПАТТЯ
3588:
3479:
3424:
3328:
3193:
3039:
2846:
2479:
2416:By the end of September 1991 in
2220:was opened in 1945 and over 816
1668:, Transcarpathia became part of
1442:West Ukrainian People's Republic
1192:Part of Hungary and Transylvania
1172:) highlanders with accompanying
860:
339:, with smaller parts in eastern
260:guide to writing better articles
239:
192:
90:
49:
7466:1919 establishments in Slovakia
7421:Territorial disputes of Hungary
7170:20th-century regions and states
6034:Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church
5302:
5277:
5251:
5188:
5162:
5136:
5110:
5097:
5088:
5077:
5061:. ЦДАВО України. Archived from
5047:
4959:
4948:; for a copy of the treaty see
4924:
4794:
4705:
4670:
4657:
4626:
4608:
4599:
4584:
4575:
4557:
4456:
4435:
4403:
4361:
4336:
4309:
4282:
4270:
4239:
4209:
4186:
3860:
3624:Carpatho-Rus under western eyes
2989:Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church
2474:
1926:Ungi közigazgatási kirendeltség
1611:The Hungarian left-wing writer
1386:Transitional period (1918–1919)
1267:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
871:needs additional citations for
206:may be too short to adequately
101:needs additional citations for
68:or discuss these issues on the
7486:History of Carpathian Ruthenia
7456:1919 establishments in Ukraine
7446:1919 establishments in Hungary
7406:History of Ukraine (1918–1991)
7396:Historical regions in Slovakia
7284:Ethno-Ukrainian regions abroad
5804:Trans-Carpathia in UkrStor.com
5701:, University of Toronto Press
5630:Magocsi, Paul R. – Pop, Ivan.
5334:In Czechoslovakia's Hinterland
4374:. Cambridge University Press.
4322:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
4249:Славяне в раннем Средневековье
4065:
3954:
3936:
3917:
3905:
3880:
3757:
3725:
3688:Eparchy of Mukačevo and Prešov
2332:(Ukrainian parliament) of the
1774:Carpathian Ukraine (1938–1939)
1723:Subcarpathian Rus' (1928–1939)
1332:, 6,346 (1%) were speakers of
987:, who were closely related to
959:, the region was traversed by
816:River, and to the west by the
216:provide an accessible overview
13:
1:
7391:Historical regions in Ukraine
6123:Rákóczi's War of Independence
5856:– photographs and information
4932:O'Connell, Daniel P. (1967).
4901:Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia
4596:. Zapadnaya Rus. 4 April 2011
4193:Magocsi, Paul Robert (1995).
4072:Volodymyr Mezentsev (2001) .
4020:(in Ukrainian). Vol. 3.
3948:The Great Soviet Encyclopedia
3873:
3184:
1520:Prior to this, in July 1918,
1419:Hungarian Democratic Republic
384:Second Czechoslovak Republics
6318:Alexander Dukhnovych Theater
5827:, 10(485), 13–19 March 2004
5401:Kotowski, Albert S. (2001).
3776:
3542:
2422:National Movement of Ukraine
2358:National Movement of Ukraine
2342:People's Movement of Ukraine
2218:Uzhhorod National University
1974:German occupation of Hungary
1840:Republic of Carpatho-Ukraine
1795:In November 1938, under the
1291:Military District of Kaschau
1274:Principality of Transylvania
1227:Principality of Transylvania
951:were present in the region.
792:Divisions of the Carpathians
785:
7:
7259:Governorate of Subcarpathia
7177:Ukrainian People's Republic
6835:Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
6085:Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
5356:Fentsik, Stefan A. (1935).
4916:. Kafkadesk. 29 June 1992.
4146:University of Toronto Press
4080:University of Toronto Press
3968:University of Toronto Press
3833:
3656:
2837:
2412:Carpathian Ruthenia in 2014
2366:Democratic Party of Ukraine
1892:On March 23, 1939, Hungary
1731:Carpathian Rus' (1920-1938)
1247:Byzantine Orthodox Churches
1219:Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary
1204:map of the Hungarian Crown
1155:Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
1082:via the mountain passes of
778:
754:
730:
472:
327:
10:
7502:
7269:Reichskommissariat Ukraine
7096:Yekaterinoslav Governorate
7036:Kyiv Governorate (1708–64)
6095:Saints Cyril and Methodius
5815:(in Russian and Ukrainian)
5387:Ganzer, Christian (2001).
5325:
4713:"www.hungarian-history.hu"
4634:"www.hungarian-history.hu"
4138:; Ihor Stebelsky (2005) .
3768:
3571:. They are usually called
3414:
3410:
3317:
3269:
3140:Places inhabited by Rusyns
3100:
2483:
2362:Ukrainian Republican Party
2309:
2015:
1911:Czechoslovak army-in-exile
1881:
1834:on March 14, 1939 and the
1788:
1235:Captaincy of Upper Hungary
1015:in the late 10th century.
851:
789:
505:
485:
333:Central and Eastern Europe
29:
7411:Modern history of Ukraine
7282:
7169:
7145:
7106:Nikolayev War Governorate
6984:
6940:
6897:
6843:
6792:
6738:
6664:
6496:
6428:
6372:
6331:
6298:
6277:
6228:
6219:
6194:
6146:Thalerhof internment camp
6131:
6103:
6065:
6056:
6019:
5961:
5912:
5903:
5800:(Encyclopedia of Ukraine)
5794:(Encyclopedia of Ukraine)
5766:Aleksej L. Petrov (1998)
5730:, University Microfilms.
5715:, Yale University Press.
5672:Shandor, Vincent (1997).
5454:10.1017/S006723780001910X
5442:Austrian History Yearbook
5393:Die Ostreihe – Neue Folge
4332:– via Google Books.
4316:Forward, Jean S. (2018).
4305:– via Google Books.
4289:Magocsi, Paul R. (2005).
4014:Віднянський С.В. (2005).
3944:"Transcarpathian Ukraine"
3822:
3580:
3521:
3471:
2059:Workers-Peasants Red Army
2041:in effort to support the
1643:Czechoslovak constitution
1580:prevented the arrival of
1573:Hungarian Soviet Republic
1502:Hungarian Soviet Republic
1305:or the Hungarian part of
1263:Ruthenian Catholic Church
1259:Eastern Catholic churches
1223:Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
767:
743:
719:
703:
316:
6813:Principality of Theodoro
6285:World Congress of Rusyns
5798:Diet of Carpatho-Ukraine
5664:Rosokha, Stepan (1949).
5332:Baerlein, Henri (1938).
5222:
4380:10.1017/CBO9780511496479
3733:Transcarpathian Ruthenia
3718:
3708:Kárpátalja football team
3536:fall of the Soviet Union
3263:according to 2001 census
3026:Non-denominational – 25%
2260:Collectivisation of land
2204:Dukhnovych Society, the
2074:Czechoslovak governments
2043:Slovak National Uprising
2039:Battle of the Dukla Pass
1976:(19 March 1944) the pro-
1888:The Holocaust in Hungary
1575:, which had created the
1229:, which soon fell under
1178:Voivodeship of Maramureș
7317:Southern Maramorshchyna
7249:Stanyslaviv Voivodeship
7091:Novorossiya Governorate
6634:Northern Maramorshchyna
5768:Medieval Carpathian Rus
5726:Winch, Michael (1973).
5690:Stercho, Peter (1959).
4781:Oxford University Press
4450:www.conflicts.rem33.com
4368:Dimnik, Martin (2003).
4199:Carpatho-Rusyn American
3926:The Ukrainian Quarterly
3737:Transcarpathian Ukraine
3313:
3114:and their habitations,
2224:were open by 1967. The
2191:Russian Orthodox Church
1964:as official languages.
1815:, with Andrej Bródy as
619:Krajina podkarpatoruská
394:and became part of the
7026:Bessarabia Governorate
7004:Kyiv Military District
6995:Black Sea Cossack Host
6290:Carpatho-Rusyn Society
5759:Ivan Panjkevic (1938)
5346:Boysak, Basil (1963).
4677:Steiner, Zara (2005).
4549:: CS1 maint: others (
4463:Magocsi, Paul (2015).
4423:Cite journal requires
4343:Magocsi, Paul (1993).
3855:
3842:
3809:
3801:
3793:
3785:
3573:
3552:
3395:
3264:
3119:
2561:(not a census option)
2413:
2216:(130,000 copies). The
2030:
1941:
1933:
1925:
1879:
1786:
1752:Paris Peace Conference
1732:
1697:Ukrainian nationalists
1666:Paris Peace Conference
1577:Slovak Soviet Republic
1546:Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk
1516:Fall of Soviet Hungary
1402:
1284:, divided between the
1214:
1112:Vladimir II (Monomakh)
1074:Slavs from the north (
1069:Principality of Halych
805:
710:, and on occasions as
653:
645:
578:name of the region is
528:
7071:Chernihiv Governorate
7061:Volhynian Viceroyalty
7014:Volhynian Governorate
6884:Volhynian Voivodeship
6879:Ruthenian Voivodeship
6864:Chernihiv Voivodeship
6665:States and tribes of
5103:Nikolaus G. Kozauer,
4195:"The Carpatho-Rusyns"
3639:The Prisoner of Zenda
3636:'s novels, including
3550:
3393:
3304:Hungarians in Ukraine
3272:Hungarians in Ukraine
3258:
3110:
2411:
2247:, Carpatho-Russians,
2178:Greek Catholic Church
2107:In November 1944, in
2098:Central European Time
2025:
1956:respectively, having
1873:
1781:
1730:
1635:Treaty of St. Germain
1393:
1199:
1064:to the south and the
991:tribes who inhabited
803:
790:Further information:
611:Podkarpatská Ukrajina
585:During the period of
480:
378:, it was part of the
40:Ukrainian Carpathians
7239:Ternopil Voivodeship
6874:Podolian Voivodeship
6497:Geographical regions
6339:Alexander Dukhnovych
6265:Carpathian Mountains
6151:Galician Russophilia
6141:Alexander Dukhnovych
4217:Magocsi, Paul Robert
3693:Alexander Dukhnovych
3352:improve this section
3217:improve this section
3144:Carpathian Mountains
3116:Carpathian Mountains
3063:improve this section
2977: Undecided (1%)
2870:improve this section
1916:Upon liquidation of
1606:Russophiles movement
1586:Hungarian Communists
981:Carpathian Mountains
915:Prehistoric cultures
880:improve this article
810:Carpathian Mountains
736:Transcarpathian Rus’
634:Zakarpatská Ukrajina
615:Země podkarpatoruská
110:improve this article
7386:Carpathian Ruthenia
7358: /
7264:Kharkiv Governorate
7101:Kherson Governorate
7086:Taurida Governorate
7081:Kharkov Governorate
7066:Poltava Governorate
7031:Kharkov Governorate
7019:Podolia Governorate
6859:Bracław Voivodeship
6830:Carpathian Ruthenia
6667:classical antiquity
6624:Naddnistrianshchyna
6604:Carpathian Ruthenia
6438:Carpathian Ruthenia
6349:Paul Robert Magocsi
5854:Carpathian Ruthenia
5748:The Carpatho-Rusyns
5744:Paul Robert Magocsi
5651:Libri, Praha 2005.
5409:, Heft 1. S. 67–95.
5350:, Toronto-New York.
5037:Pipash, Volodymyr.
3741:Carpathian Ruthenia
3565:border with Romania
2947: Unaffiliated
2929:Eastern Catholicism
2469:regional referendum
2382:Komsomol of Ukraine
2195:Moscow Patriarchate
2176:After breaking the
1588:hoped in vain; the
1584:aid, for which the
1565:Royal Romanian Army
358:From the Hungarian
6956:Right-bank Ukraine
6739:Principalities of
6725:Old Great Bulgaria
6518:Right-bank Ukraine
6378:WikiProject Rusyns
6248:Zakarpattia Oblast
5989:Ruthenian language
5699:Ukraine: A History
5624:2006-10-19 at the
5374:, Hyperion Press.
5065:on 14 October 2019
4620:www.austlii.edu.au
3914:, pp. 257–258
3749:Subcarpathian Rus'
3703:Ukrainian dialects
3600:. You can help by
3555:Today some 30,000
3553:
3491:. You can help by
3458:Carpathian Germans
3436:. You can help by
3417:Carpathian Germans
3396:
3278:Hungarian language
3265:
3261:Zakarpattia oblast
3120:
2450:Zakarpattia Oblast
2418:Zakarpattia Oblast
2414:
2312:Zakarpattia Oblast
2226:Ukrainian language
2096:(2 hours ahead of
2031:
1880:
1797:First Vienna Award
1791:Carpathian Ukraine
1787:
1756:Ukrainian language
1733:
1431:self-determination
1403:
1286:Kingdom of Hungary
1215:
1104:Béla IV of Hungary
1062:Kingdom of Hungary
1033:Nestor's Chronicle
967:(4th century) and
806:
796:Outer Subcarpathia
768:Підкарпатська Русь
760:Subcarpathian Rus’
689:Zakarpattia Oblast
671:was locally used.
595:Karpatske Rusinsko
529:
521:Northern Maramureș
388:Kingdom of Hungary
372:Kingdom of Hungary
337:Zakarpattia Oblast
36:Zakarpattia Oblast
7362:48.333°N 23.233°E
7340:
7339:
7274:Distrikt Galizien
7244:Volyn Voivodeship
7161:Duchy of Bukovina
7076:Kholm Governorate
7000:Southwestern Krai
6961:Left-bank Ukraine
6951:Cossack Hetmanate
6899:Ottoman provinces
6845:Polish–Lithuanian
6672:Early Middle Ages
6629:Northern Bukovina
6513:Left-bank Ukraine
6456:
6455:
6387:
6386:
6364:Gregory Žatkovich
6273:
6272:
6260:Vojvodina, Serbia
6215:
6214:
6202:Operation Vistula
6171:Komancza Republic
6118:Union of Uzhhorod
6041:Eastern Orthodoxy
6029:Greek Catholicism
5957:
5956:
5763:Областeй: Prague.
5615:Magocsi, Paul R.
5230:on 30 April 2009.
4136:Ivan L. Rudnytsky
3831:
3774:
3698:Avgustyn Voloshyn
3647:Vesna Goldsworthy
3618:
3617:
3509:
3508:
3454:
3453:
3388:
3387:
3380:
3253:
3252:
3245:
3099:
3098:
3091:
2985:Eastern Orthodoxy
2939:Roman Catholicism
2919:Eastern Orthodoxy
2906:
2905:
2898:
2835:
2834:
2790:1,010,100 (80.5%)
2778:1,245,618 (100%)
2739:1,155,759 (100%)
2702:1,056,799 (100%)
2541:Total population
2320:In July 1991 the
2170:Avgustyn Voloshyn
2137:Czechoslovak army
2083:underground radio
1995:labour battalions
1936:) and Máramaros (
1844:Avhustyn Voloshyn
1821:Avhustyn Voloshyn
1799:—a result of the
1707:Gregory Žatkovich
1693:Polish-Soviet War
1561:Czechoslovak Army
1542:Gregory Zatkovich
1477:, Ugocha County,
1395:Gregory Žatkovich
1379:Sighetu Marmației
1282:Habsburg monarchy
1243:Union of Uzhhorod
1019:Hungarian arrival
975:Slavic settlement
947:tribe called the
912:
911:
904:
776:
752:
744:Закарпатська Русь
728:
527:
526:
368:Treaty of Trianon
325:
306:
305:
298:
288:
287:
280:
254:used on Knowledge
252:encyclopedic tone
233:
232:
186:
185:
178:
160:
83:
16:(Redirected from
7493:
7373:
7372:
7370:
7369:
7368:
7363:
7359:
7356:
7355:
7354:
7351:
7254:Carpatho-Ukraine
7234:Lviv Voivodeship
7219:Drohobych Oblast
7147:Austro-Hungarian
7009:Kyiv Governorate
6986:Imperial Russian
6971:Zaporozhian Sich
6869:Kyiv Voivodeship
6854:Belz Voivodeship
6759:Novhorod-Seversk
6567:Southern Ukraine
6483:
6476:
6469:
6460:
6459:
6414:
6407:
6400:
6391:
6390:
6344:Adolf Dobriansky
6253:Maramureș County
6226:
6225:
6166:Carpatho-Ukraine
6090:East–West Schism
6063:
6062:
5937:Pannonian Rusyns
5910:
5909:
5889:
5882:
5875:
5866:
5865:
5847:
5842:
5816:
5792:Carpatho-Ukraine
5687:
5663:
5646:
5612:
5593:Magocsi, Paul R.
5588:
5569:Magocsi, Paul R.
5564:
5545:Magocsi, Paul R.
5540:
5538:
5537:
5531:
5525:. Archived from
5492:
5484:Magocsi, Paul R.
5479:
5477:
5476:
5470:
5464:. Archived from
5439:
5431:Magocsi, Paul R.
5400:
5386:
5355:
5319:
5318:
5306:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5296:
5287:. Archived from
5281:
5275:
5274:
5272:
5270:
5255:
5249:
5248:
5241:
5232:
5231:
5218:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5207:
5200:www.demoscope.ru
5192:
5186:
5185:
5183:
5181:
5174:www.demoscope.ru
5166:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5155:
5148:www.demoscope.ru
5140:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5129:
5122:www.demoscope.ru
5114:
5108:
5101:
5095:
5092:
5086:
5085:
5081:
5075:
5074:
5072:
5070:
5051:
5045:
5035:
4968:
4963:
4957:
4947:
4928:
4922:
4921:
4910:
4904:
4891:
4878:
4872:
4851:
4842:
4827:
4818:
4814:
4801:
4798:
4792:
4771:
4765:
4764:
4762:
4761:
4752:. Archived from
4746:
4735:
4733:
4731:
4730:
4724:
4718:. Archived from
4717:
4709:
4703:
4702:
4674:
4668:
4661:
4655:
4654:
4652:
4651:
4645:
4639:. Archived from
4638:
4630:
4624:
4623:
4612:
4606:
4603:
4597:
4588:
4582:
4579:
4573:
4561:
4555:
4554:
4548:
4540:
4513:
4502:
4490:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4474:
4460:
4454:
4453:
4447:
4439:
4433:
4432:
4426:
4421:
4419:
4411:
4407:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4365:
4359:
4358:
4340:
4334:
4333:
4313:
4307:
4306:
4286:
4280:
4274:
4268:
4267:
4243:
4237:
4236:
4213:
4207:
4206:
4190:
4184:
4183:
4177:
4173:
4171:
4163:
4131:
4118:
4117:
4111:
4107:
4105:
4097:
4069:
4063:
4062:
4056:
4052:
4050:
4042:
4011:
4002:
4001:
3995:
3991:
3989:
3981:
3958:
3952:
3951:
3940:
3934:
3933:
3921:
3915:
3909:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3890:. Archived from
3884:
3867:
3864:
3858:
3850:
3843:Podkarpatská Rus
3836:
3834:Karpatskaya Rus'
3826:
3824:
3817:
3786:Podkarpatská Rus
3779:
3773:romanized:
3772:
3770:
3761:
3755:
3729:
3645:A century later
3613:
3610:
3592:
3585:
3576:
3504:
3501:
3483:
3476:
3449:
3446:
3428:
3421:
3383:
3376:
3372:
3369:
3363:
3332:
3324:
3248:
3241:
3237:
3234:
3228:
3197:
3189:
3094:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3074:
3043:
3035:
2976:
2966:
2956:
2946:
2936:
2926:
2916:
2901:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2881:
2850:
2842:
2809:151,500 (12.1%)
2758:155,711 (12.5%)
2747:976,749 (78.4%)
2725:158,446 (13.7%)
2710:898,606 (77.8%)
2688:151,949 (14.4%)
2673:808,131 (76.5%)
2651:146,247 (15.9%)
2636:686,464 (74.6%)
2616:115,805 (16.0%)
2607:450,925 (62.2%)
2593:(with "others")
2587:102,144 (17.3%)
2578:372,884 (63.0%)
2558:105,343 (25.8%)
2549:244,742 (59.8%)
2487:
2486:
2386:Mykhailo Tyvodar
2268:Central planning
2213:
2047:Hungarian plains
1944:) governed from
1918:Carpatho-Ukraine
1801:Munich Agreement
1783:Carpatho-Ukraine
1686:Podkarpatská Rus
1659:Máramaros County
1633:The Article 53,
1623:Cordon sanitaire
1540:. Their leader,
1522:Rusyn immigrants
1475:Máramaros County
1375:Máramaros County
1208:
1162:Eastern Orthodox
1096:Prince Rostislav
1092:Hungarian nobles
1045:Gesta Hungarorum
957:Migration Period
919:During the Late
907:
900:
896:
893:
887:
864:
856:
781:
779:Pidkarpatska Rus
771:
769:
757:
747:
745:
733:
723:
721:
705:
661:Carpatho-Ukraine
607:Podkarpatská Rus
565:Hungarian states
518:
509:
498:
489:
483:
482:
364:Carpathian Basin
330:
320:
318:
301:
294:
283:
276:
272:
269:
263:
262:for suggestions.
258:See Knowledge's
243:
242:
235:
228:
225:
219:
196:
188:
181:
174:
170:
167:
161:
159:
125:"Transcarpathia"
118:
94:
86:
75:
53:
52:
45:
32:Carpatho-Ukraine
21:
7501:
7500:
7496:
7495:
7494:
7492:
7491:
7490:
7376:
7375:
7366:
7364:
7360:
7357:
7352:
7349:
7347:
7345:
7344:
7343:
7341:
7336:
7278:
7199:Hutsul Republic
7189:Ukrainian State
7165:
7141:
7111:Gradonachalstvo
6980:
6966:Sloboda Ukraine
6936:
6927:Silistra Eyalet
6907:Ottoman Ukraine
6893:
6839:
6808:Crimean Khanate
6794:Post-Mongol era
6788:
6734:
6669:
6660:
6594:Western Ukraine
6555:Sloboda Ukraine
6540:Eastern Ukraine
6508:Dnieper Ukraine
6504:Central Ukraine
6492:
6487:
6457:
6452:
6424:
6418:
6388:
6383:
6382:
6368:
6332:Notable figures
6327:
6294:
6269:
6233:Carpathian Rus'
6211:
6190:
6127:
6099:
6052:
6015:
5999:Old East Slavic
5994:Church Slavonic
5981:Cyrillic script
5976:Pannonian Rusyn
5953:
5947:Rusyn Americans
5899:
5893:
5845:
5840:
5817:Mykola Vehesh,
5814:
5778:
5773:
5684:
5661:
5644:
5626:Wayback Machine
5609:
5585:
5561:
5535:
5533:
5529:
5507:10.2307/2495193
5490:
5474:
5472:
5468:
5437:
5398:
5384:
5353:
5328:
5323:
5322:
5307:
5303:
5294:
5292:
5283:
5282:
5278:
5268:
5266:
5256:
5252:
5243:
5242:
5235:
5224:
5220:
5219:
5215:
5205:
5203:
5194:
5193:
5189:
5179:
5177:
5168:
5167:
5163:
5153:
5151:
5142:
5141:
5137:
5127:
5125:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5102:
5098:
5093:
5089:
5083:
5082:
5078:
5068:
5066:
5059:archives.gov.ua
5053:
5052:
5048:
5036:
4971:
4964:
4960:
4944:
4929:
4925:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4892:
4881:
4873:
4854:
4844:Bryzh, Yevhen.
4843:
4830:
4826:(15 March 2019)
4816:
4815:
4804:
4799:
4795:
4774:Serhy Yekelchyk
4772:
4768:
4759:
4757:
4748:
4747:
4738:
4728:
4726:
4722:
4715:
4711:
4710:
4706:
4691:
4675:
4671:
4662:
4658:
4649:
4647:
4643:
4636:
4632:
4631:
4627:
4614:
4613:
4609:
4604:
4600:
4590:Shevchenko, K.
4589:
4585:
4580:
4576:
4562:
4558:
4542:
4541:
4529:
4515:
4514:
4505:
4491:
4482:
4472:
4470:
4461:
4457:
4445:
4441:
4440:
4436:
4424:
4422:
4413:
4412:
4408:
4404:
4394:
4392:
4390:
4366:
4362:
4355:
4341:
4337:
4330:
4314:
4310:
4303:
4287:
4283:
4275:
4271:
4264:
4244:
4240:
4233:
4214:
4210:
4191:
4187:
4175:
4174:
4165:
4164:
4156:
4144:. Vol. 5.
4132:
4121:
4109:
4108:
4099:
4098:
4090:
4078:. Vol. 2.
4070:
4066:
4054:
4053:
4044:
4043:
4036:
4012:
4005:
3993:
3992:
3983:
3982:
3978:
3966:. Vol. 5.
3963:Stanove culture
3960:
3959:
3955:
3942:
3941:
3937:
3922:
3918:
3910:
3906:
3897:
3895:
3886:
3885:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3861:
3856:Karpatenukraine
3846:
3823:Карпатская Русь
3813:
3777:Karpat'ska Rus'
3769:Карпатьска Русь
3762:
3758:
3730:
3726:
3721:
3659:
3626:
3614:
3608:
3605:
3598:needs expansion
3583:
3545:
3524:
3505:
3499:
3496:
3489:needs expansion
3474:
3450:
3444:
3441:
3434:needs expansion
3419:
3413:
3384:
3373:
3367:
3364:
3349:
3333:
3322:
3316:
3274:
3249:
3238:
3232:
3229:
3214:
3198:
3187:
3105:
3095:
3084:
3078:
3075:
3060:
3044:
3033:
2993:Roman Catholics
2981:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2974:
2972:
2964:
2962:
2954:
2952:
2944:
2942:
2934:
2932:
2924:
2922:
2914:
2902:
2891:
2885:
2882:
2867:
2851:
2840:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2802:
2795:
2791:
2789:
2774:
2770:
2768:
2751:
2735:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2698:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2665:920,173 (100%)
2661:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2628:725,357 (100%)
2619:95,008 (13.1%)
2599:592,044 (100%)
2590:80,059 (13.5%)
2570:408,971 (100%)
2508:
2507:"Czechoslovaks"
2500:
2485:
2482:
2477:
2318:
2308:
2211:
2186:Theodore Romzha
2166:Shtefan Fentsyk
2149:
2129:Ivan Turyanitsa
2113:Communist Party
2102:totalitarianism
2020:
2014:
1890:
1882:Main articles:
1868:
1793:
1776:
1760:interwar period
1725:
1631:
1555:In April 1919,
1518:
1454:
1388:
1367:, Nagyszőllős (
1307:Austria-Hungary
1299:
1213:
1206:
1194:
1029:Pannonian Basin
1021:
1005:Dnieper Ukraine
977:
971:(6th century).
969:Pannonian Avars
933:La Tène culture
917:
908:
897:
891:
888:
877:
865:
854:
826:Pannonian Plain
798:
788:
755:Zakarpatska Rus
720:Карпатська Русь
712:Carpathian Rus’
523:
516:
514:
507:
503:
496:
494:
487:
475:
376:interwar period
302:
291:
290:
289:
284:
273:
267:
264:
257:
248:This article's
244:
240:
229:
223:
220:
213:
201:This article's
197:
182:
171:
165:
162:
119:
117:
107:
95:
54:
50:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7499:
7489:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7473:
7468:
7463:
7458:
7453:
7448:
7443:
7438:
7433:
7428:
7423:
7418:
7413:
7408:
7403:
7398:
7393:
7388:
7367:48.333; 23.233
7338:
7337:
7335:
7334:
7332:Yellow Ukraine
7329:
7324:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7304:
7299:
7294:
7288:
7286:
7280:
7279:
7277:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7229:Crimean Oblast
7226:
7221:
7216:
7214:Moldavian ASSR
7211:
7206:
7204:Makhnovshchina
7201:
7196:
7194:Lemko Republic
7191:
7186:
7185:
7184:
7173:
7171:
7167:
7166:
7164:
7163:
7158:
7152:
7150:
7143:
7142:
7140:
7139:
7138:
7137:
7134:
7131:
7130:Kerch-Yenikale
7128:
7125:
7122:
7119:
7116:
7108:
7103:
7098:
7093:
7088:
7083:
7078:
7073:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7053:
7048:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7022:
7021:
7016:
7011:
6997:
6991:
6989:
6982:
6981:
6979:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6947:
6945:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6922:Podolia Eyalet
6919:
6914:
6912:Danube Vilayet
6909:
6903:
6901:
6895:
6894:
6892:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6850:
6848:
6841:
6840:
6838:
6837:
6832:
6827:
6826:
6825:
6823:Cherven Cities
6815:
6810:
6805:
6799:
6797:
6790:
6789:
6787:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6771:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6751:
6745:
6743:
6736:
6735:
6733:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6720:Avar Khaganate
6717:
6712:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6676:
6674:
6662:
6661:
6659:
6658:
6657:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6591:
6590:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6564:
6563:
6562:
6557:
6552:
6547:
6537:
6536:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6500:
6498:
6494:
6493:
6486:
6485:
6478:
6471:
6463:
6454:
6453:
6451:
6450:
6448:White Ruthenia
6445:
6440:
6435:
6433:Black Ruthenia
6429:
6426:
6425:
6417:
6416:
6409:
6402:
6394:
6385:
6384:
6381:
6380:
6374:
6373:
6370:
6369:
6367:
6366:
6361:
6356:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6335:
6333:
6329:
6328:
6326:
6325:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6296:
6295:
6293:
6292:
6287:
6281:
6279:
6275:
6274:
6271:
6270:
6268:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6256:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6229:
6223:
6217:
6216:
6213:
6212:
6210:
6209:
6204:
6198:
6196:
6192:
6191:
6189:
6188:
6183:
6181:Lesko uprising
6178:
6176:Lemko Republic
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6137:
6135:
6129:
6128:
6126:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6113:Union of Brest
6109:
6107:
6101:
6100:
6098:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6071:
6069:
6060:
6054:
6053:
6051:
6050:
6049:
6048:
6038:
6037:
6036:
6025:
6023:
6017:
6016:
6014:
6013:
6012:
6011:
6003:
6002:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5971:Rusyn language
5967:
5965:
5959:
5958:
5955:
5954:
5952:
5951:
5950:
5949:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5913:
5907:
5901:
5900:
5892:
5891:
5884:
5877:
5869:
5863:
5862:
5857:
5851:
5846:(in Hungarian)
5843:
5841:(in Ukrainian)
5838:Zakarpattia.ru
5835:
5824:Zerkalo Nedeli
5812:
5807:
5801:
5795:
5789:
5784:
5777:
5776:External links
5774:
5772:
5771:
5764:
5757:
5754:
5751:
5741:
5738:
5724:
5709:
5695:
5688:
5682:
5669:
5662:(in Ukrainian)
5659:
5642:
5628:
5613:
5608:978-0824012144
5607:
5589:
5584:978-0802024824
5583:
5565:
5560:978-0674805798
5559:
5541:
5501:(2): 360–381.
5480:
5427:
5410:
5396:
5382:
5368:
5351:
5344:
5336:, Hutchinson.
5329:
5327:
5324:
5321:
5320:
5317:(in Romanian).
5301:
5276:
5264:Bird in Flight
5250:
5247:. 26 May 2015.
5233:
5213:
5187:
5161:
5135:
5109:
5096:
5087:
5076:
5046:
4969:
4958:
4943:978-0521058582
4942:
4923:
4905:
4879:
4852:
4828:
4817:(in Ukrainian)
4802:
4793:
4789:978-0195305463
4766:
4736:
4704:
4690:978-0191518812
4689:
4669:
4667:'s Red Cavalry
4656:
4625:
4607:
4605:Illés, op.cit.
4598:
4583:
4574:
4570:978-8087173473
4556:
4528:978-1442674431
4527:
4503:
4499:978-8087173473
4480:
4455:
4434:
4425:|journal=
4402:
4388:
4360:
4354:978-0295972480
4353:
4335:
4329:978-0313310065
4328:
4308:
4302:978-0865166110
4301:
4281:
4269:
4263:978-8662630261
4262:
4238:
4232:978-0802047380
4231:
4208:
4185:
4155:978-0802030108
4154:
4141:Transcarpathia
4119:
4089:978-0802034441
4088:
4064:
4034:
4003:
3977:978-0802030108
3976:
3953:
3935:
3916:
3904:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3859:
3763:Additionally:
3756:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3673:White Ruthenia
3670:
3665:
3663:Black Ruthenia
3658:
3655:
3625:
3622:
3616:
3615:
3595:
3593:
3582:
3579:
3544:
3541:
3523:
3520:
3507:
3506:
3486:
3484:
3473:
3470:
3452:
3451:
3431:
3429:
3415:Main article:
3412:
3409:
3386:
3385:
3336:
3334:
3327:
3318:Main article:
3315:
3312:
3270:Main article:
3251:
3250:
3201:
3199:
3192:
3186:
3183:
3097:
3096:
3047:
3045:
3038:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3018:
2973:
2963:
2953:
2943:
2933:
2923:
2913:
2909:
2908:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2854:
2852:
2845:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2829:
2816:
2815:32,100 (2.6%)
2813:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2797:
2796:10,100 (0.8%)
2784:
2780:
2779:
2776:
2765:
2764:29,485 (2.4%)
2762:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2748:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2737:
2736:41,713 (3.6%)
2732:
2731:27,155 (2.3%)
2729:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2711:
2708:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2699:35,189 (3.3%)
2695:
2694:23,454 (2.2%)
2692:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2674:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2663:
2662:29,599 (3.2%)
2658:
2655:
2654:12,169 (1.3%)
2652:
2649:
2646:
2637:
2634:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2623:
2622:12,777 (1.8%)
2620:
2617:
2614:
2613:13,804 (1.9%)
2611:
2610:34,511 (4.8%)
2608:
2605:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2584:10,460 (1.8%)
2582:
2581:19,737 (3.3%)
2579:
2576:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2564:16,713 (4.1%)
2562:
2559:
2556:
2555:31,745 (7.8%)
2553:
2550:
2547:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2505:
2491:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2399:Verkhovna Rada
2330:Verkhovna Rada
2307:
2304:
2234:Rusyn language
2222:cinematographs
2148:
2145:
2141:Soviet Ukraine
2028:Soviet Ukraine
2016:Main article:
2013:
2010:
1962:Rusyn language
1867:
1864:
1858:and partially
1830:Following the
1825:prime minister
1817:prime minister
1805:Czechoslovakia
1789:Main article:
1775:
1772:
1737:Czechoslovakia
1724:
1721:
1670:Czechoslovakia
1630:
1627:
1538:Czechoslovakia
1517:
1514:
1471:Rus'ka Krajina
1453:
1452:Rus'ka Krajina
1450:
1446:Czechoslovakia
1387:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1372:
1362:
1357:, Beregszász (
1352:
1303:Transleithania
1298:
1295:
1239:Union of Brest
1205:
1193:
1190:
1129:, Borsova and
1094:to the south.
1071:to the north.
1053:Byzantine army
1041:Prince Laborec
1020:
1017:
976:
973:
916:
913:
910:
909:
868:
866:
859:
853:
850:
787:
784:
708:Transcarpathia
677:Czechoslovakia
593:(Ruthenia) or
525:
524:
515:
506:
504:
495:
486:
474:
471:
309:Transcarpathia
304:
303:
286:
285:
247:
245:
238:
231:
230:
210:the key points
200:
198:
191:
184:
183:
98:
96:
89:
84:
58:
57:
55:
48:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7498:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7467:
7464:
7462:
7459:
7457:
7454:
7452:
7449:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7437:
7434:
7432:
7429:
7427:
7424:
7422:
7419:
7417:
7414:
7412:
7409:
7407:
7404:
7402:
7399:
7397:
7394:
7392:
7389:
7387:
7384:
7383:
7381:
7374:
7371:
7333:
7330:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7305:
7303:
7300:
7298:
7295:
7293:
7292:Green Ukraine
7290:
7289:
7287:
7285:
7281:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7224:Izmail Oblast
7222:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7209:Ukrainian SSR
7207:
7205:
7202:
7200:
7197:
7195:
7192:
7190:
7187:
7183:
7180:
7179:
7178:
7175:
7174:
7172:
7168:
7162:
7159:
7157:
7154:
7153:
7151:
7148:
7144:
7135:
7132:
7129:
7126:
7123:
7120:
7117:
7114:
7113:
7112:
7109:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7089:
7087:
7084:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7020:
7017:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7006:
7005:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6983:
6977:
6976:Little Russia
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6959:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6939:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6905:
6904:
6902:
6900:
6896:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6842:
6836:
6833:
6831:
6828:
6824:
6821:
6820:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6791:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6747:
6746:
6744:
6742:
6737:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6718:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6677:
6675:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6614:Hertsa region
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6596:
6595:
6592:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6569:
6568:
6565:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6542:
6541:
6538:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6510:
6509:
6505:
6502:
6501:
6499:
6495:
6491:
6484:
6479:
6477:
6472:
6470:
6465:
6464:
6461:
6449:
6446:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6431:
6430:
6427:
6422:
6415:
6410:
6408:
6403:
6401:
6396:
6395:
6392:
6379:
6376:
6375:
6371:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6357:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6336:
6334:
6330:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6303:
6301:
6297:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6282:
6280:
6278:Organizations
6276:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6243:Prešov Region
6241:
6239:
6236:
6235:
6234:
6231:
6230:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6218:
6208:
6207:Ukrainization
6205:
6203:
6200:
6199:
6197:
6193:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6156:Magyarization
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6134:
6130:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6110:
6108:
6106:
6102:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6072:
6070:
6068:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6055:
6047:
6044:
6043:
6042:
6039:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6030:
6027:
6026:
6024:
6022:
6018:
6010:
6007:
6006:
6004:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5986:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5968:
5966:
5964:
5960:
5948:
5945:
5944:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5914:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5902:
5897:
5890:
5885:
5883:
5878:
5876:
5871:
5870:
5867:
5861:
5858:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5844:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5830:
5826:
5825:
5820:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5805:
5802:
5799:
5796:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5779:
5769:
5765:
5762:
5758:
5755:
5752:
5749:
5745:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5733:
5729:
5725:
5722:
5718:
5714:
5710:
5708:
5704:
5700:
5696:
5694:, Notre Dame.
5693:
5689:
5685:
5679:
5675:
5670:
5667:
5660:
5658:
5654:
5650:
5643:
5641:
5637:
5633:
5629:
5627:
5623:
5620:
5619:
5614:
5610:
5604:
5600:
5599:
5594:
5590:
5586:
5580:
5576:
5575:
5570:
5566:
5562:
5556:
5552:
5551:
5546:
5542:
5532:on 2019-04-28
5528:
5524:
5520:
5516:
5512:
5508:
5504:
5500:
5496:
5495:Slavic Review
5489:
5485:
5481:
5471:on 2019-12-05
5467:
5463:
5459:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5436:
5432:
5428:
5426:
5422:
5418:
5414:
5413:Krofta, Kamil
5411:
5408:
5404:
5397:
5394:
5390:
5383:
5381:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5367:
5363:
5359:
5352:
5349:
5345:
5343:
5339:
5335:
5331:
5330:
5316:
5312:
5305:
5291:on 2007-03-14
5290:
5286:
5280:
5265:
5261:
5254:
5246:
5240:
5238:
5229:
5225:
5217:
5201:
5197:
5191:
5175:
5171:
5165:
5149:
5145:
5139:
5123:
5119:
5113:
5106:
5100:
5091:
5080:
5064:
5060:
5056:
5050:
5043:
5042:
5034:
5032:
5030:
5028:
5026:
5024:
5022:
5020:
5018:
5016:
5014:
5012:
5010:
5008:
5006:
5004:
5002:
5000:
4998:
4996:
4994:
4992:
4990:
4988:
4986:
4984:
4982:
4980:
4978:
4976:
4974:
4966:
4962:
4955:
4951:
4945:
4939:
4935:
4927:
4919:
4915:
4909:
4902:
4898:
4897:
4893:Hranchak, I.
4890:
4888:
4886:
4884:
4876:
4871:
4869:
4867:
4865:
4863:
4861:
4859:
4857:
4849:
4848:
4841:
4839:
4837:
4835:
4833:
4825:
4821:
4813:
4811:
4809:
4807:
4797:
4791:, pp. 128–130
4790:
4786:
4782:
4778:
4775:
4770:
4756:on 2015-02-19
4755:
4751:
4745:
4743:
4741:
4725:on 2015-09-24
4721:
4714:
4708:
4700:
4696:
4692:
4686:
4682:
4681:
4673:
4666:
4660:
4646:on 2015-09-24
4642:
4635:
4629:
4621:
4617:
4611:
4602:
4595:
4594:
4587:
4578:
4571:
4567:
4560:
4552:
4546:
4538:
4534:
4530:
4524:
4520:
4519:
4512:
4510:
4508:
4500:
4496:
4489:
4487:
4485:
4468:
4467:
4459:
4451:
4444:
4438:
4430:
4417:
4406:
4391:
4389:9780521824422
4385:
4381:
4377:
4373:
4372:
4364:
4356:
4350:
4346:
4339:
4331:
4325:
4321:
4320:
4312:
4304:
4298:
4294:
4293:
4285:
4278:
4273:
4265:
4259:
4255:
4251:
4250:
4242:
4234:
4228:
4224:
4223:
4218:
4212:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4189:
4181:
4169:
4162:
4157:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4130:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4115:
4103:
4096:
4091:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4076:
4068:
4060:
4048:
4041:
4037:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4022:Naukova Dumka
4019:
4018:
4010:
4008:
3999:
3987:
3979:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3964:
3957:
3949:
3945:
3939:
3931:
3927:
3920:
3913:
3908:
3894:on 2008-07-24
3893:
3889:
3883:
3879:
3863:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3844:
3840:
3835:
3829:
3820:
3816:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3802:Transcarpatia
3799:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3778:
3766:
3760:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3728:
3724:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3635:
3631:
3621:
3612:
3603:
3599:
3596:This section
3594:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3578:
3575:
3570:
3566:
3562:
3558:
3549:
3540:
3537:
3532:
3529:
3519:
3517:
3513:
3503:
3500:December 2014
3494:
3490:
3487:This section
3485:
3482:
3478:
3477:
3469:
3467:
3463:
3459:
3448:
3445:December 2014
3439:
3435:
3432:This section
3430:
3427:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3408:
3406:
3402:
3392:
3382:
3379:
3371:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3342:
3337:This section
3335:
3331:
3326:
3325:
3321:
3311:
3309:
3308:kárpátaljaiak
3305:
3300:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3273:
3268:
3262:
3257:
3247:
3244:
3236:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3202:This section
3200:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3182:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3167:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3104:
3093:
3090:
3082:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3048:This section
3046:
3042:
3037:
3036:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2970:
2960:
2959:Protestantism
2950:
2940:
2930:
2920:
2912:
2900:
2897:
2889:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2864:
2860:
2855:This section
2853:
2849:
2844:
2843:
2830:
2824:14,000 (1.1%)
2820:31,000 (2.5%)
2817:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2806:3,500 (0.3%)
2805:
2803:5,600 (0.5%)
2801:
2798:
2794:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:49,456 (4.0%)
2766:
2763:
2761:2,639 (0.2%)
2760:
2757:
2755:3,478 (0.3%)
2754:
2752:7,329 (0.6%)
2749:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2733:
2730:
2728:3,848 (0.3%)
2727:
2724:
2722:3,746 (0.3%)
2721:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2685:4,230 (0.4%)
2684:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2659:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2648:3,504 (0.4%)
2647:
2641:12,289 (1.3%)
2638:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2625:2,527 (0.4%)
2624:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2596:6,760 (1.1%)
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2567:1,817 (0.4%)
2566:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2552:8,611 (2.1%)
2551:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2512:
2506:
2504:
2499:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2480:Ethnic groups
2472:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2451:
2445:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2410:
2406:
2404:
2403:Ukrainian SSR
2400:
2394:
2392:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2373:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2334:Ukrainian SSR
2331:
2327:
2323:
2322:Ukrainian SSR
2317:
2313:
2303:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2239:In 1924, the
2237:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2207:
2203:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2131:(a Rusyn who
2130:
2126:
2121:
2119:
2118:Ukrainian SSR
2114:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2090:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2051:German troops
2049:and encircle
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2009:
2007:
2003:
1998:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1885:
1877:
1872:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1828:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1792:
1784:
1780:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1729:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1682:Ruszka Krajna
1679:
1675:
1674:Magyarization
1671:
1667:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1655:Ugocsa County
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1626:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1513:
1511:
1510:Uriadova rada
1507:
1503:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1365:Ugocsa County
1363:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1294:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1278:Upper Hungary
1275:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1212:
1203:
1198:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1100:father-in-law
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
972:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
906:
903:
895:
885:
881:
875:
874:
869:This section
867:
863:
858:
857:
849:
847:
843:
839:
835:
829:
827:
823:
822:Poprad Rivers
819:
815:
811:
802:
797:
793:
783:
780:
774:
765:
761:
756:
750:
741:
737:
732:
731:Karpatska Rus
726:
717:
713:
709:
701:
697:
692:
690:
686:
685:Ukrainian SSR
682:
678:
672:
670:
666:
662:
657:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
638:Karpatská Rus
635:
631:
627:
622:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
583:
581:
577:
572:
570:
569:Upper Hungary
566:
561:
559:
554:
552:
551:Subcarpathian
548:
547:
542:
538:
534:
522:
513:
502:
493:
484:
479:
470:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
399:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
356:
354:
350:
349:Košice Region
346:
345:Prešov Region
342:
338:
334:
329:
323:
314:
310:
300:
297:
282:
279:
271:
261:
255:
253:
246:
237:
236:
227:
217:
211:
209:
204:
199:
195:
190:
189:
180:
177:
169:
158:
155:
151:
148:
144:
141:
137:
134:
130:
127: –
126:
122:
121:Find sources:
115:
111:
105:
104:
99:This article
97:
93:
88:
87:
82:
80:
73:
72:
67:
66:
61:
56:
47:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
7342:
7312:Lemko Region
7297:Grey Ukraine
7046:Slavo-Serbia
6818:Red Ruthenia
6803:Golden Horde
6649:Prykarpattia
6560:Zaporizhzhia
6443:Red Ruthenia
6308:Prostopinije
6195:Contemporary
6161:Polonization
6105:Early Modern
6075:White Croats
5833:in Ukrainian
5822:
5818:
5767:
5760:
5747:
5727:
5712:
5698:
5691:
5673:
5665:
5648:
5631:
5617:
5597:
5573:
5549:
5534:. Retrieved
5527:the original
5498:
5494:
5473:. Retrieved
5466:the original
5445:
5441:
5416:
5406:
5402:
5392:
5388:
5371:
5357:
5354:(in Russian)
5347:
5333:
5314:
5304:
5293:. Retrieved
5289:the original
5279:
5267:. Retrieved
5263:
5253:
5228:the original
5216:
5204:. Retrieved
5199:
5190:
5178:. Retrieved
5173:
5164:
5152:. Retrieved
5147:
5138:
5126:. Retrieved
5121:
5112:
5104:
5099:
5090:
5079:
5067:. Retrieved
5063:the original
5058:
5049:
5038:
4961:
4949:
4933:
4926:
4908:
4894:
4845:
4796:
4776:
4769:
4758:. Retrieved
4754:the original
4727:. Retrieved
4720:the original
4707:
4679:
4672:
4659:
4648:. Retrieved
4641:the original
4628:
4619:
4610:
4601:
4591:
4586:
4577:
4559:
4517:
4471:. Retrieved
4465:
4458:
4449:
4437:
4416:cite journal
4405:
4393:. Retrieved
4370:
4363:
4344:
4338:
4318:
4311:
4291:
4284:
4272:
4253:
4248:
4241:
4221:
4211:
4202:
4198:
4188:
4159:
4140:
4093:
4074:
4067:
4039:
4016:
3962:
3956:
3947:
3938:
3929:
3925:
3919:
3912:Shandor 1997
3907:
3896:. Retrieved
3892:the original
3882:
3862:
3759:
3753:Subcarpathia
3752:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3727:
3668:Red Ruthenia
3650:
3644:
3637:
3634:Anthony Hope
3627:
3619:
3606:
3602:adding to it
3597:
3554:
3533:
3525:
3510:
3497:
3493:adding to it
3488:
3455:
3442:
3438:adding to it
3433:
3397:
3374:
3365:
3350:Please help
3338:
3307:
3301:
3289:World War II
3286:
3275:
3266:
3239:
3230:
3215:Please help
3203:
3170:
3168:
3135:
3131:
3121:
3085:
3079:October 2013
3076:
3061:Please help
3049:
3009:
3001:unaffiliated
2982:
2910:
2892:
2883:
2868:Please help
2856:
2715:8,245 (0.7%)
2691:10,856 (1%)
2678:9,573 (0.9%)
2657:18,346 (2%)
2475:Demographics
2454:
2446:
2438:nomenklatura
2415:
2395:
2374:
2338:nomenklatura
2319:
2299:
2292:
2288:
2257:
2238:
2209:
2206:Ukrainophile
2199:
2175:
2162:Andrej Bródy
2154:
2150:
2122:
2106:
2091:
2087:
2063:
2055:Transylvania
2032:
1999:
1966:
1915:
1903:Soviet Union
1891:
1829:
1794:
1762:, unlike in
1749:
1745:
1734:
1719:
1715:Pennsylvania
1705:
1701:East Galicia
1690:
1685:
1681:
1663:
1651:Bereg County
1632:
1610:
1598:
1596:to assist.
1557:Czechoslovak
1554:
1526:independence
1519:
1509:
1499:
1487:
1479:Bereg County
1466:
1463:Rusyn people
1455:
1435:
1423:
1415:West Ukraine
1404:
1399:Philadelphia
1355:Bereg County
1315:
1311:
1300:
1271:
1216:
1202:ethnographic
1159:
1151:Nicholas Pok
1120:
1084:Transylvania
1073:
1022:
1001:Transnistria
993:Prykarpattia
985:White Croats
978:
953:Proto-Slavic
943:and later a
918:
898:
889:
878:Please help
873:verification
870:
830:
807:
759:
735:
711:
707:
695:
693:
681:Soviet Union
673:
668:
658:
637:
633:
629:
626:Podkarpatsko
625:
623:
618:
614:
610:
606:
594:
590:
587:Czechoslovak
584:
573:
568:
562:
558:Subcarpathia
555:
546:Prykarpattia
544:
540:
530:
400:
392:Soviet Union
357:
353:Lemko Region
343:(largely in
308:
307:
292:
274:
265:
249:
221:
205:
203:lead section
172:
163:
153:
146:
139:
132:
120:
108:Please help
103:verification
100:
76:
69:
63:
62:Please help
59:
7365: /
6917:Kefe Eyalet
6889:Wild Fields
6741:Kyivan Rus'
6587:Novorossiya
6359:Steve Ditko
6354:Andy Warhol
6133:Late Modern
6080:Rus' people
6067:Middle Ages
5985:Precursors
5770:, New York.
5647:Pop, Ivan.
5448:: 201–265.
5399:(in German)
5395:, Heft 12).
5385:(in German)
5206:11 February
5180:11 February
5154:11 February
5128:11 February
5069:11 February
4954:volume cxlv
4473:26 November
4395:26 November
4176:|work=
4110:|work=
4055:|work=
3994:|work=
3932:(3): 252ff.
3609:August 2022
3516:West Slavic
3297:labor camps
3287:The end of
2997:Protestants
2991:and 7% are
2969:No religion
2719:669 (0.1%)
2682:721 (0.1%)
2645:964 (0.1%)
2326:August coup
2300:novoprybuli
2180:in Eastern
2094:Moscow time
2006:labor camps
1407:World War I
1401:10-26-1918.
1241:(1595) and
1147:Amadeus Aba
1066:Kievan Rus'
1023:In 896 the
1013:Kievan Rus'
989:East Slavic
696:Zakarpattia
654:Uhorská Rus
646:Uherská Rus
630:Zakarpatsko
541:Zakarpattia
355:in Poland.
328:Zakarpattia
7380:Categories
7327:Sian River
7124:Sevastopol
7041:New Serbia
6779:Pereyaslav
6769:Terebovlia
6599:Chełm Land
5849:Kárpátinfo
5829:in Russian
5736:B0006W7NUW
5721:0300093098
5707:0802083900
5683:0916458865
5657:8072772376
5645:(in Czech)
5640:0802035663
5536:2019-03-19
5475:2019-03-19
5425:B0007JY0OG
5380:0830500855
5366:B0008C9LY6
5342:B00085K1BA
5295:2008-12-26
4956:, p. 1096.
4760:2009-08-02
4729:2014-01-07
4650:2014-01-07
4035:9660006101
3898:2007-06-10
3874:References
3810:Zakarpacie
3794:Kárpátalja
3569:Poroshkovo
3185:Hungarians
3175:Ukrainians
3124:Ukrainians
3101:See also:
3005:Christians
2886:March 2022
2787:Ukrainians
2535:Romanians
2526:Hungarians
2498:Ukrainians
2494:Ruthenians
2310:See also:
2253:Ukrainians
2210:Zakarpatsk
2202:Russophile
1928:), Bereg (
1711:Pittsburgh
1664:After the
1647:Ung County
1639:Ruthenians
1618:Clemenceau
1613:Béla Illés
1590:Bolsheviks
1483:Ung County
1467:Law no. 10
1369:Vynohradiv
1347:, Ungvár (
1345:Ung County
1211:Ruthenians
1164:groups of
1025:Hungarians
921:Bronze Age
704:Закарпаття
669:Kárpátalja
617:, Slovak:
533:Ruthenians
423:Hungarians
403:Ukrainians
351:) and the
317:Закарпаття
136:newspapers
65:improve it
7149:provinces
7121:Nikolayev
6749:Chernigov
6619:Lodomeria
6609:Halychyna
6550:Pryazovia
6421:Ruthenian
6238:Lemkovyna
6221:Geography
6005:Literary
5922:Dolinyans
5523:155615547
5462:144778333
5391:Hamburg (
5315:Ziare.com
4824:Ukrinform
4545:cite book
4537:244768154
4178:ignored (
4168:cite book
4112:ignored (
4102:cite book
4057:ignored (
4047:cite book
3996:ignored (
3986:cite book
3970:. 2001 .
3848:‹See Tfd›
3828:romanized
3815:‹See Tfd›
3790:Hungarian
3630:Ruritania
3557:Romanians
3543:Romanians
3405:Holocaust
3401:Mukachevo
3339:does not
3204:does not
3166:as well.
3118:, c. 1872
3050:does not
2949:Christian
2857:does not
2405:in 1945.
2295:Mukachevo
2284:Gorbachev
2280:vineyards
2241:Comintern
2135:from the
2125:Mukachevo
2109:Mukachevo
2104:to come.
1990:Auschwitz
1986:Holocaust
1970:Mukachevo
1958:Hungarian
1938:Hungarian
1930:Hungarian
1922:Hungarian
1876:Auschwitz
1860:Máramaros
1735:In 1928,
1594:civil war
1322:Hungarian
1318:Ruthenian
1186:Ruthenian
1174:Ruthenian
1143:Máramaros
1118:in 1238.
1049:Bulgarian
945:Sarmatian
941:Scythians
937:Bastarnae
925:Thracians
892:June 2011
838:Mukachevo
786:Geography
773:romanized
764:Ukrainian
749:romanized
740:Ukrainian
725:romanized
716:Ukrainian
700:Ukrainian
580:Maramureș
455:Hungarian
451:Ukrainian
427:Romanians
374:. In the
322:romanized
313:Ukrainian
208:summarize
71:talk page
7322:Priashiv
7136:Taganrog
7127:Feodosia
6784:Volhynia
6730:Ruthenia
6705:Khazaria
6685:Sarmatia
6680:Cimmeria
6670:and the
6654:Volhynia
6644:Pokuttia
6523:Polissia
6021:Religion
6009:Iazychie
5963:Language
5942:Diaspora
5622:Archived
5595:(1988).
5571:(1983).
5547:(1978).
5486:(1975).
5433:(1973).
5415:(1934).
4918:Archived
4783:(2007),
4699:86068902
4665:Budyonny
4443:"Images"
4219:(2002).
4075:Iron Age
3798:Romanian
3713:Magyaron
3657:See also
3642:(1894).
3368:May 2020
3233:May 2020
3152:Slovakia
3003:generic
2838:Religion
2818:Russians
2812:no data
2767:Russians
2734:Russians
2697:Russians
2660:Russians
2461:approved
2430:Memorial
2426:Prosvita
2391:ispolkom
2370:Prosvita
2251:) to be
2214:a Pravda
2157:Uzhgorod
2133:deserted
2061:(RKKA).
1898:Slovakia
1813:autonomy
1534:Bukovina
1459:Uzhhorod
1359:Berehove
1349:Uzhhorod
1330:Romanian
1265:and the
1221:and the
1170:Romanian
997:Volhynia
846:Berehovo
834:Uzhhorod
679:and the
591:Rusinsko
576:Romanian
473:Toponymy
459:Romanian
360:conquest
341:Slovakia
268:May 2020
224:May 2020
166:May 2020
7353:23°14′E
7350:48°20′N
6988:regions
6944:regions
6942:Cossack
6932:Yedisan
6847:regions
6796:regions
6715:Kazarig
6710:Onoğurs
6700:Scythia
6695:Taurica
6639:Podolia
6577:Yedisan
6533:Kryvbas
6528:Siveria
6323:Pysanky
6299:Culture
6058:History
5927:Hutsuls
5905:Peoples
5746:(1995)
5515:2495193
5326:Sources
5269:June 1,
3830::
3819:Russian
3745:Rusinko
3466:Moravia
3462:Bohemia
3411:Germans
3360:removed
3345:sources
3225:removed
3210:sources
3164:Balkans
3160:Romania
3156:Hungary
3112:Hutsuls
3071:removed
3056:sources
2878:removed
2863:sources
2831:(100%)
2828:(0.4%)
2826:Others
2800:Slovaks
2775:(1.0%)
2750:Slovaks
2713:Slovaks
2676:Slovaks
2639:Slovaks
2538:Others
2521:Germans
2515:Slovaks
2490:Census
2457:Ukraine
2350:Tiachiv
2249:Rusnaks
2230:Russian
2182:Galicia
1950:Munkács
1894:annexed
1848:Hungary
1842:, with
1823:became
1809:Hungary
1785:in 1939
1768:Romania
1741:Užhorod
1550:Ukraine
1530:Galicia
1231:Ottoman
1131:Szatmár
1116:Mongols
1080:Podolia
1076:Galicia
1055:led by
1037:Volochi
1009:Balkans
949:Iazyges
852:History
775::
751::
727::
687:as the
665:Hungary
431:Slovaks
419:Hutsuls
362:of the
324::
150:scholar
7481:Rusyns
7118:Izmail
7115:Odessa
6754:Halych
6582:Crimea
6572:Budjak
6545:Donbas
5932:Lemkos
5917:Boykos
5898:topics
5896:Rusyns
5734:
5719:
5705:
5680:
5655:
5638:
5605:
5581:
5557:
5521:
5513:
5460:
5423:
5378:
5364:
5340:
4940:
4787:
4734:p. 223
4697:
4687:
4568:
4535:
4525:
4497:
4386:
4351:
4326:
4299:
4260:
4229:
4152:
4086:
4032:
3974:
3852:German
3806:Polish
3782:Slovak
3581:Greeks
3574:volohi
3561:Rakhiv
3528:Romani
3522:Romani
3512:Czechs
3472:Czechs
3293:Soviet
3282:Magyar
3171:Rusyny
3158:, and
3148:Poland
3132:Rusnak
3128:Rusyns
2975:
2967:
2965:
2957:
2955:
2945:
2937:
2935:
2927:
2925:
2917:
2915:
2793:Rusyns
2772:Romani
2717:Czechs
2680:Czechs
2643:Czechs
2511:Czechs
2503:Rusyns
2276:citrus
2264:gulags
2245:Rusyns
2070:Soviet
2002:Soviet
1946:Ungvár
1764:Poland
1582:Soviet
1569:French
1506:soviet
1426:Prešov
1409:, the
1405:After
1334:Slovak
1326:German
1261:, the
1255:"Unia"
1209:
1207:
1182:Slavic
1141:, and
1139:Ugocsa
1088:Rusyns
965:Gepids
818:Hornád
758:), or
650:Slovak
603:Slovak
537:Rusyns
519:
517:
512:Ugocsa
510:
508:
499:
497:
490:
488:
467:Polish
465:, and
463:Slovak
443:Romani
439:Jewish
433:, and
415:Boykos
411:Lemkos
407:Rusyns
152:
145:
138:
131:
123:
7307:Kuban
7302:Kholm
7133:Yalta
6774:Turov
6690:Dacia
6423:lands
5530:(PDF)
5519:S2CID
5511:JSTOR
5491:(PDF)
5469:(PDF)
5458:S2CID
5438:(PDF)
5405:, in
4723:(PDF)
4716:(PDF)
4644:(PDF)
4637:(PDF)
4446:(JPG)
4252:[
4203:XVIII
3839:Czech
3765:Rusyn
3731:Also
3719:Notes
3649:, in
3179:Rusyn
3136:Lemko
3023:– 33%
3017:– 42%
2931:(19%)
2921:(68%)
2783:2001
2744:1989
2707:1979
2670:1970
2633:1959
2604:1930
2575:1921
2546:1880
2442:KMKSZ
2354:GKChP
2212:'
2066:Khust
1954:Huszt
1907:Gulag
1856:Bereg
1438:Khust
1338:Czech
1200:1885
1166:Vlach
1135:Bereg
1123:Gyepű
1108:Cuman
1057:Salan
929:Celts
842:Khust
814:Tisza
706:) or
642:Czech
599:Czech
501:Bereg
447:Rusyn
435:Poles
380:First
157:JSTOR
143:books
6764:Kyiv
5831:and
5732:ASIN
5717:ISBN
5703:ISBN
5678:ISBN
5653:ISBN
5636:ISBN
5603:ISBN
5579:ISBN
5555:ISBN
5421:ASIN
5376:ISBN
5362:ASIN
5338:ASIN
5271:2022
5208:2020
5182:2020
5156:2020
5130:2020
5071:2020
4938:ISBN
4785:ISBN
4695:OCLC
4685:ISBN
4566:ISBN
4551:link
4533:OCLC
4523:ISBN
4495:ISBN
4475:2022
4429:help
4397:2022
4384:ISBN
4349:ISBN
4324:ISBN
4297:ISBN
4258:ISBN
4227:ISBN
4180:help
4150:ISBN
4114:help
4084:ISBN
4059:help
4030:ISBN
3998:help
3972:ISBN
3456:See
3343:any
3341:cite
3314:Jews
3208:any
3206:cite
3054:any
3052:cite
2999:and
2971:(1%)
2961:(1%)
2951:(3%)
2941:(7%)
2861:any
2859:cite
2822:Roma
2531:Jews
2513:and
2501:and
2463:the
2314:and
2274:and
2164:and
2079:NKVD
2072:and
1982:Jews
1978:Nazi
1960:and
1952:and
1886:and
1766:and
1657:and
1532:and
1494:diet
1490:rada
1251:Rome
1149:and
1051:and
1003:and
963:and
961:Huns
844:and
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820:and
794:and
601:and
574:The
441:and
382:and
347:and
129:news
5503:doi
5450:doi
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3354:by
3306:as
3219:by
3134:or
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2872:by
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