505:, the crew of which were stripped and barbarously treated. Captain Haines, who was then employed in the survey of the Arabian coast, was instructed to demand satisfaction. He was at the same time to endeavour to purchase Aden as a coaling depot for the steamers plying between India and the Red Sea. Sultan Muhsin, who had succeeded his uncle, Sultan Ahmed, in 1827, at first denied all participation in the plunder; but, finding the British Commissioner firm in his demands, he eventually consented to give up part of the property and pay compensation for the rest. A draft treaty for the cession of Aden was laid before the Sultan, to which he gave his verbal consent and promised formally to agree after consulting his Chiefs. In this draft the amount of compensation to he paid for Aden was left undetermined, hut it was afterwards arranged that an annual payment of 8,700 crowns should he made.
570:
place and Aden at the same time became
British property. Between May and July 1886 the Abdali Chief made repeated complaints of the hardships entailed by the Subeihi Agreement, from which he wished to withdraw entirely. In August he reported that one of his garrisons had been massacred, and that all the others were surrounded by the Subeihi, and craved assistance in rescuing them. The Resident despatched 50 sabres of the Aden troop (which had been raised in 1805 for police purposes) to support him, and also lent him rifles and ammunition. These proceedings resulted in the safe withdrawal of the garrisons; but from this date the Subeihi agreement became practically inoperative, and the various Subeihi tribes resumed their old position of independent relations with the Aden Residency.
513:
559:
Indian
Infantry with three guns marched to Al Hauta, the capital of Lahej, to protect the Sultan. After some negotiations the Turkish troops evacuated Lahej and Shakaa, and the Sultan's two brothers and nephew surrendered unconditionally and were conveyed as State prisoners to Aden, while their forts were dismantled. They were subsequently released and retired to Mocha. Sultan Fadhl bin Muhsin died in July 1874, and was succeeded by his nephew, Fadhl bin Ali, who had resigned the Chief ship in his favour in 1863. The payment of the usual annual stipend of 6,492 dollars was continued to the latter, the amount being increased in 1882 to 19,692 dollars.
96:
84:
53:
453:
535:
disheartened the Arabs for a time. In 1843 Sultan Muhsin came to Aden and sued for peace. An
Engagement was made on 11 February 1843. which the British government considered in the light of an agreement to be observed between the Political Agent and the Sultan, but not of a treaty to be formally ratified. In February 1844, a monthly stipend of 541 dollars was restored to the Sultan with a year's arrears and, before this was paid, another Agreement was taken from him, binding him faithfully to observe his engagements,
623:
315:
743:
735:
329:
67:
509:
replied that he was willing to abide by the terms first offered: but, if these were not accepted, his letter of 22 January should be returned to him. Negotiations were at this stage when a plot was laid by Ahmed, the Sultan's son; to seize the Agent and rob him of his papers, and delivery of the property stolen from the wreck of the Deria Dowhit was also refused. Preparations were therefore made to coerce the Sultan.
1139:
552:
through the mediation of the
Resident at Aden and with the consent of the young Chief, by which he was succeeded in the government of the country by his uncle. Fadhl bin Muhsin, fourth son of Sultan Muhsin. For the assistance rendered by Sultan Fadhl bin Muhsin in supplying forage and means of transport for the troops employed against the Fadhli tribe in 1865, he was presented with 5000 dollars.
1047:
492:. He proposed to enter into an alliance and to grant Aden as a permanent station, but the offer was declined. A Treaty was, however, concluded with the Sultan in 1802 by Admiral Sir Home Popham, who was instructed to enter into political and commercial alliances with the Chiefs of the Arabian coast of the Red Sea.
577:
In 1894, owing to the heavy taxes levied on qafilahs by the
Haushabi sultan Muhsin bin Ali, the Abdali entered Haushabi territory and its Sultan fled. He was repudiated by bis Shaikhs and, at their request, Sultan Fadhl bin Ali made suitable arrangements for administering their country and protecting
569:
On 7 February 1882, by a Treaty with the Abdali Sultan, arrangements were made for the purchase, by the
British Government, of some 35 square miles (90.6 square kilometres) of territory attached to Shaikh Othman, between the Hiswa and Imad; the salt-pits at Shaikh Othman and the aqueduct between that
591:
In 1910 a convention was executed with the Sultan, by which he ceded to government a piece of land on the left bank and eastward of Wadi As-Saghir for use as headworks of the water supply of Aden. The convention was ratified on 17 March 1911. It, however, became a dead letter, as the scheme has been
530:
On 19 January 1839 Aden was bombarded and taken, and the Sultan and his family fled to Lahej. On 2 February peace was made in the Sultan's name by his son-in law, and on 18 June the Sultan himself signed a Bond, engaging to maintain peace and friendship with the
British Government, who agreed to pay
647:
The ratification of this agreement, has been postponed by the
British government until after the final settlement of the future political status of Arabia. The agreement, although only in partial operation during recent years has had the effect of strengthening the influence of the Sultan of Laliej
613:
His successor Sultan Abdul Karim was the son of a former Chief, Fadhl bin Ali. His election took place in Aden, where he was a refugee until the end of the war. He was formally installed in his capital on 14 December 1918, after the surrender of the
Turkish garrison at Lahej to the British, and was
573:
At the close of 1886 the Abdali bought back from the
Haushabi the lands referred to in the Zaida Agreement, and the Resident thereupon intimated to both Chiefs that articles 1 and 2 of that agreement were held to be cancelled, with the exception of the words permitting the Haushabi to erect a house
543:
Sultan Muhsin died on 30 November 1847, leaving nine sons. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Ahmed, who died on 18 January 1849, when his next brother, Ali bin Muhsin, succeeded. Shortly after his accession to power, a Treaty of peace, friendship and commerce, which was under negotiation with his
651:
In January 1919, in consequence of incursions by the Imam into the Protectorate and the resulting danger to Lahej, a force of British troops was sent to garrison Nobat Dukeim. It was withdrawn in July 1922 but a small detachment of Indian troops was left at Habil. This was withdrawn in April 1928.
609:
In July 1915 a Turkish force under General Said Pasha from Yemen attacked and captured Lahej which they retained until the end of the war. The Sultan, whose irregular troops were unable to offer successful resistance, abandoned his country to the enemy and retired with the British troops which had
565:
In July 1881 an Agreement was concluded between the Abdali and the Haushabi, by which a portion of the Zaida lands taken from the latter tribe in 1873 was restored to them, and a cause of constant mutual irritation was thus effectually removed. In 1881 the Abdali entered into an Agreement by which
487:
The first political intercourse between Lahej and the British took place in 1799, when a naval force was sent from Great Britain, with a detachment of troops from India, to occupy the island of Perim and prevent all communication of the French in Egypt with the Indian Ocean, by way of the Red Sea.
584:
In April 1899, owing to continual robberies by the Subeihi, the Abdali were given permission to occupy Has al Arab, Turan and Am Rija in the Subeihi country, In November the Abdali raised a force against the Atifi section in consequence of an attack made by the latter on Dar al Kudeimi. The Atifi
558:
In 1873, in consequence of repeated applications by the Sultan of Lahej, for the protection of the British Government against the Turks, who had demanded his submission, had occupied a part of Zaida and Shakaa, and had sent troops to support his rebellious brother Abdulla, a force of British and
547:
Relations with the new Chief remained on a fairly satisfactory feeding until 1857. when, taking umbrage at some fancied wrongs, he entered upon a course of open hostility to the British Government. He was completely defeated by an expedition which marched against him in 1858, and the peace which
551:
His son, Fadhl l (Fazl) bin Ali, was elected by the tribes and elders to succeed him in the government, but no sooner had he assumed the management of affairs than intrigues were set on foot by other members of the family with a view to his displacement. Ultimately an arrangement was effected,
508:
On 22 January 1838 Sultan Muhsin sent a letter under his seal, engaging to make over Aden, after two months, but stipulating that his authority over his people in Aden should be maintained after the cession. To the continuance of the Sultan's jurisdiction the British Agent objected. The Sultan
534:
Peace, however, was soon after broken by an unsuccessful attempt made by Sultan Muhsin in November 1839 to retake Aden, and the payments were therefore stopped. A second attack was made in May 1840 was also unsuccessful, and the repulse of a third attack in July of the same year completely
544:
predecessor, was concluded with him. Among its other provisions, this treaty stipulated for the restoration of the monthly stipend which had been stopped in consequence of the share taken by the late Chief, Sultan Muhsin, in an attack on Aden in August 1846.
614:
granted a sum of £10,000 by the British government as a mark of their friendship and appreciation of his loyalty, and to enable him to re-establish the administration of his country. The stipend paid to his father was continued to him.
829:
had economic influence by supporting the important trade economy of the British Empire from South Asia. Early 19th century industrial Britain, with its rapidly expanding economy, needed improved and reliable communication with
436:, though nominally the 'Abdali Sultan retained his status. The Aden Protectorate was briefly ruled again by the Ottomans during World War I, but regained by the British after the Ottoman defeat in World War I and absorbed into
500:
From that time there was little or no intercourse with Aden until 1837, when attention was drawn to the plunder and maltreatment of the crews of British vessels wrecked on the Aden coast. The most notable case was that of the
849:
shipping routes using its new canal. The Sultanate was part of an effort of the British Empire to protect the East India Route, the sea route between the Mediterranean and India, in and through the southern coasts of the
658:
The Resident convened the first Conference of ruling chiefs of the Protectorate in April 1929. The Conference was held at Lahej under the Presidency of the Abdali Sultan and was reconvened in December 1930.
479:. In 1740 the 'Abdali sultan became independent. It became independent thanks to the fracturing of the Zaidi State in north Yemen. The Sultanate of Lahej became an independent entity, from 1728 to 1839.
578:
the trade routes. The Haushabi Sultan eventually gave himself up at Lahej and on 6 August 1895 signed an Agreement by which his territory was restored to him under certain guarantees.
290:
655:
The Sultan visited India in 1922 and England in 1924 when he was received by His Majesty the King, together with his son Fadlil. He visited India again in 1930.
555:
In 1867 the Chief consented to the construction of an aqueduct for the supply of water from the Shaikh Othman wells to Aden, a distance of 6 miles (10 km).
1520:
1515:
595:
In March 1914 Sultan Sir Ahmed Fadhl died. He was succeeded by his cousin, Ali bin Ahmed to whom the payment of the Usual annual stipend was continued.
581:
On 27 April 1898 Sultan Fadhl bin Ali died. He was succeeded by his cousin, Ahmed Fadhl, to whom the payment of the usual annual stipend was continued.
531:
him and his heirs 6,500 dollars a year, and likewise to pay the stipends which the Sultan was bound to give to the Fadhili, Haushabi and Amiri tribes.
1103:
488:
The island of Perim was found unsuitable for troops, and the Sultan of Lahej, Ahmed bin Abdul Karim, received the detachment for some time at
1461:
697:
In 1967 the new Communist regime expelled the Abdali Sultan. The dynasty of the Sultanate of Lahej was abolished with the founding of the
95:
1505:
1442:
910:
802:
13 July 1915 – 18 June 1947: 'Abd al-Karim II ibn al-Fadl al-'Abdali (from 1 Jan 1918, Sir 'Abd al-Karim II ibn al-Fadl al-'Abdali)
677:
1530:
1432:
1171:
808:
4 June 1952 – 10 July 1958: 'Ali III ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-'Abdali (from 1 Jan 1955, Sir 'Ali III ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-'Abdali)
662:
In 1931, The gross revenue of the Adbali is estimated at Rs. 2,75,000 a year, and the population amounted to about 35,000 in.
585:
then submitted. In 1902 the Sultan again raised a force to suppress the Subeihi. After a few skirmishes he returned to Lahej.
566:
the Subeihi were placed under their control, the stipends previously received by the latter being made payable to the Abdali.
1087:
1525:
1510:
1143:
83:
796:
29 April 1898 – March 1914: Ahmad III ibn al-Fadl al-'Abdali (from 9 Nov 1901, Sir Ahmad III ibn al-Fadl al-'Abdali)
588:
In September 1906 the Rijai Shaikh signed an agreement formally acknowledging himself as the vassal of the Abdali.
610:
been hastily despatched to defend Lahej. The Sultan died at Aden from wounds received during the attack on Lahej.
604:
1545:
1540:
1535:
845:
initiated further British trade protection strategies, securing the port of Adan and surroundings to serve the
512:
1393:
1302:
922:
799:
March 1914 – 4 July 1915: 'Ali II ibn Ahmad al-'Abdali (from 8 Oct 1914, Sir 'Ali II ibn Ahmad al-'Abdali)
1555:
1189:
1164:
1097:
1038:
916:
681:
437:
129:
52:
428:
became self-ruling in 1728 and gained independence in 1740. In 1839, the Sultanate became part of the
1550:
524:
1368:
811:
10 July 1958 – August 1967: al-Fadl VI ibn 'Ali al-'Abdali (acting with style Na'ib to 8 Dec 1958)
1409:
1414:
1404:
1349:
1277:
1272:
1247:
1079:
1070:
888:
1363:
1157:
1040:
A Collection of Treaties, Engagements And Sanads Relating To India And Neighbouring Countries
672:
By 1958, Britain was worried that the sultan at the time, Ali bin Abd al Karim al Abdali, an
630:
Lahej typically enjoyed good relations with the British, despite the accidental killing of
8:
1500:
66:
440:
in 1963. The 'Abdali dynasty was officially abolished in 1967, with the proclamation of
1357:
964:
835:
718:
199:
1437:
1337:
1217:
1083:
883:
851:
429:
225:
122:
1427:
1399:
1384:
1232:
1227:
905:
673:
459:
617:
452:
1315:
1202:
775:
11 August 1846 – September 1846: Sayyid Isma'il ibn al-Hasan al-Husayni (usurper)
698:
421:
397:
378:
359:
308:
212:
72:
1149:
644:
In February 1919 the Subeihi were again placed under the control of the Abdali.
1287:
893:
871:
635:
634:
Fadhl ibn Ali al Abdali by British troops in 1918 who mistook him for an enemy
433:
238:
1118:
1494:
1476:
1463:
1282:
1197:
1051:
831:
622:
295:
109:
58:
1292:
1181:
898:
778:
September 1846 – 30 November 1847: Muhsin ibn al-Fadl al-'Abdali (3rd time)
742:
734:
680:, and had him deposed. Lahej ended up joining the Federation and later the
781:
December 1847 – 20 January 1849: Ahmad II ibn Muhsin al-'Abdali (2nd time)
1447:
1389:
702:
441:
322:
152:
968:
955:
Yaccob, Abdul (2012). "Yemeni opposition to Ottoman rule: an overview".
769:
November 1839 – December 1839: Ahmad II ibn Muhsin al-'Abdali (1st time)
1325:
1320:
1252:
842:
793:
5 July 1874 – 27 April 1898: al-Fadl III ibn 'Ali al-'Abdali (2nd time)
562:
In 1877 the Sultan of Lahej was granted a permanent salute of 9 guns.
1078:. Vol. I: A-Ak — Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago. 2010. pp.
867:
772:
December 1839 – August 1846: Muhsin ibn al-Fadl al-'Abdali (2nd time)
641:
In 1918 Sultan Abdul Karim was granted a personal salute of 11 guns.
472:
425:
1353:
1333:
1237:
413:
805:
18 June 1947 – 21 May 1952: al-Fadl V ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-'Abdali
1345:
1341:
1329:
1310:
1262:
1257:
1222:
1212:
1050:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
846:
666:
476:
1207:
1138:
631:
618:
Reinstalled British protectorate and Federation of South Arabia
34:
766:
1827 – November 1839: Muhsin ibn al-Fadl al-'Abdali (1st time)
1267:
787:
April 1863 – 1863: al-Fadl III ibn 'Ali al-'Abdali (1st time)
714:
417:
347:
142:
874:
government, that passed through the Sultanate for shipping.
863:
826:
489:
825:
The Sultanate of Lahej and others surrounding the Port of
713:
The former territory of the Sultanate has been within the
784:
March 1849 – 7 April 1863: 'Ali I ibn Muhsin al-'Abdali
790:
1863 – 5 July 1874: al-Fadl IV ibn Muhsin al-'Abdali
757:
1753–1775: 'Abd al-Hadi ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-'Abdali
626:
Map of Lahej in the Federation of South Arabia, 1965
548:
followed remained unbroken until his death in 1863.
405:
386:
367:
751:
1728–1742: al-Fadl I ibn 'Ali al-Sallami al-'Abdali
1069:
1043:. Vol. xi. Government of India. pp. 2–7.
760:1775–1791: al-Fadl II ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-'Abdali
1179:
754:1742–1753: 'Abd al-Karim I ibn al-Fadl al-'Abdali
1492:
763:1791–1827: Ahmad I ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-'Abdali
957:Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies
1521:States and territories disestablished in 1839
1165:
1123:. London: H.M. Stationery Office. p. 97.
676:, would refuse to join the British-sponsored
669:tribal area was absorbed into the sultanate.
482:
28:
862:As of 1920, the Lahej region was producing
100:Map of the Sultanate of Lahej in its region
1516:States and territories established in 1728
1172:
1158:
1102:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
94:
82:
1110:
1036:
738:Family of the Sultan of Lahej (mid-1870s)
516:Castle of the Sultaun of Aden at Lahadj,
1116:
911:Federation of Arab Emirates of the South
741:
733:
678:Federation of Arab Emirates of the South
621:
511:
451:
1433:Federation of the Emirates of the South
16:1728–1967 sheikhdom in southwest Arabia
1493:
954:
538:
1153:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
703:People's Democratic Republic of Yemen
1064:
1062:
1060:
996:
994:
992:
990:
988:
986:
984:
982:
980:
978:
495:
456:Guest House of the Sultan of Lahej,
401:
382:
363:
29:
13:
14:
1567:
1131:
1057:
975:
948:
820:
729:
226:Start of the British protectorate
1137:
1045:
708:
466:
327:
313:
288:
65:
51:
1506:States in the Aden Protectorate
605:South Arabia during World War I
1531:1839 disestablishments in Asia
936:
692:
598:
188:• Beginning of self-rule
1:
945:, 1984 Edition, Vol. I, p. 11
929:
517:
198:• Independence from the
88:Map of the Sultanate of Lahej
1303:Protectorate of South Arabia
923:Protectorate of South Arabia
857:
687:
7:
1526:1728 establishments in Asia
877:
458:from an 1898 photograph by
406:
387:
368:
10:
1572:
1511:Federation of South Arabia
1190:Federation of South Arabia
917:Federation of South Arabia
815:
682:Federation of South Arabia
602:
483:The arrival of the British
447:
438:Federation of South Arabia
130:Federation of South Arabia
1423:
1377:
1301:
1188:
724:
343:
267:
257:
252:
248:
235:
222:
209:
196:
186:
182:
174:
166:
158:
148:
138:
105:
93:
81:
47:
42:
23:
841:The 1863 opening of the
1117:Prothero, G.W. (1920).
1076:Encyclopædia Britannica
943:Encyclopædia Britannica
1278:Upper Aulaqi Sultanate
1273:Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom
889:Ahmed Fadl Al-Qomandan
747:
739:
627:
527:
463:
392:), or, sometimes, the
1546:20th century in Yemen
1541:19th century in Yemen
1536:18th century in Yemen
1037:Aitchison, G (1931).
745:
737:
648:in the Subeihi area.
625:
515:
455:
1394:1994 revival attempt
1146:at Wikimedia Commons
259:• 1960 estimate
1473: /
1071:"'Abdali sultanate"
539:After Sultan Muhsin
407:Salṭanat al-'Abdalī
1378:Independent states
1144:Sultanate of Lahej
836:East India Company
748:
740:
719:Yemeni unification
628:
528:
464:
375:Sultanate of Lahej
239:Deposed by the NLF
25:Sultanate of Lahej
1556:Former sultanates
1456:
1455:
1438:Aden Protectorate
1180:Former states in
1142:Media related to
1098:cite encyclopedia
1089:978-1-59339-837-8
884:Aden Protectorate
852:Arabian Peninsula
746:Sultan's standard
715:Republic of Yemen
430:Aden Protectorate
353:
352:
339:
338:
335:
334:
301:
300:
123:Aden Protectorate
1563:
1551:Former countries
1488:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1477:13.1°N 45.4667°E
1474:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1466:
1428:History of Yemen
1174:
1167:
1160:
1151:
1150:
1141:
1125:
1124:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1101:
1093:
1073:
1066:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1034:
973:
972:
952:
946:
940:
906:Fadhli Sultanate
674:Arab nationalist
522:
519:
496:The loss of Aden
460:Henry Ogg Forbes
409:
403:
394:Abdali Sultanate
390:
384:
371:
365:
331:
330:
317:
316:
305:
304:
292:
291:
285:
284:
269:
268:
213:British invasion
134:
127:
120:
114:
98:
86:
69:
55:
32:
31:
21:
20:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1491:
1490:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1419:
1373:
1297:
1184:
1178:
1134:
1129:
1128:
1115:
1111:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1068:
1067:
1058:
1046:
1035:
976:
953:
949:
941:
937:
932:
880:
860:
823:
818:
732:
727:
711:
699:socialist state
695:
690:
620:
607:
601:
541:
520:
498:
485:
475:of the 'Abdali
469:
457:
450:
422:Southern Arabia
328:
314:
309:Aden Settlement
289:
260:
241:
228:
215:
202:
189:
132:
128:
125:
121:
118:
117:
115:
112:
101:
89:
77:
76:
75:
70:
62:
61:
56:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1569:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1387:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1295:
1290:
1288:Wahidi Bir Ali
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1194:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1177:
1176:
1169:
1162:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1133:
1132:External links
1130:
1127:
1126:
1109:
1088:
1056:
974:
947:
934:
933:
931:
928:
927:
926:
920:
914:
908:
903:
894:Colony of Aden
891:
886:
879:
876:
859:
856:
822:
821:British Empire
819:
817:
814:
813:
812:
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
794:
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
731:
730:Abdali Sultans
728:
726:
723:
710:
707:
694:
691:
689:
686:
619:
616:
603:Main article:
600:
597:
540:
537:
497:
494:
484:
481:
468:
465:
449:
446:
434:British Empire
388:Salṭanat Laḥij
351:
350:
345:
341:
340:
337:
336:
333:
332:
325:
319:
318:
311:
302:
299:
298:
293:
281:
280:
275:
265:
264:
261:
258:
255:
254:
250:
249:
246:
245:
242:
236:
233:
232:
229:
223:
220:
219:
216:
210:
207:
206:
203:
197:
194:
193:
190:
187:
184:
183:
180:
179:
176:
172:
171:
168:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
107:
103:
102:
99:
91:
90:
87:
79:
78:
71:
64:
63:
57:
50:
49:
48:
45:
44:
40:
39:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1568:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1489:
1486:
1482:13.1; 45.4667
1449:
1446:
1444:
1443:Aden Province
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1422:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1283:Wahidi Balhaf
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1122:
1121:
1113:
1105:
1099:
1091:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1053:
1052:public domain
1042:
1041:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
995:
993:
991:
989:
987:
985:
983:
981:
979:
970:
966:
962:
958:
951:
944:
939:
935:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
907:
904:
901:
900:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
881:
875:
873:
870:owned by the
869:
865:
855:
853:
848:
844:
839:
837:
833:
832:British India
828:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
795:
792:
789:
786:
783:
780:
777:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
759:
756:
753:
750:
749:
744:
736:
722:
720:
716:
709:Unified Yemen
706:
705:(1967–1990).
704:
700:
685:
683:
679:
675:
670:
668:
665:In 1948, the
663:
660:
656:
653:
649:
645:
642:
639:
637:
633:
624:
615:
611:
606:
596:
593:
589:
586:
582:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
560:
556:
553:
549:
545:
536:
532:
526:
514:
510:
506:
504:
493:
491:
480:
478:
474:
467:Establishment
461:
454:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
408:
402:سلطنة العبدلي
399:
395:
391:
389:
380:
376:
372:
370:
361:
357:
349:
346:
344:Today part of
342:
326:
324:
321:
320:
312:
310:
307:
306:
303:
297:
296:Qasimid state
294:
287:
286:
283:
282:
279:
276:
274:
271:
270:
266:
262:
256:
251:
247:
243:
240:
234:
230:
227:
221:
217:
214:
208:
204:
201:
200:Zaidi Imamate
195:
191:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
154:
151:
147:
144:
141:
137:
131:
124:
111:
110:Qasimid State
108:
104:
97:
92:
85:
80:
74:
68:
60:
54:
46:
41:
36:
22:
19:
1458:
1293:Wahidi Haban
1248:Lower Aulaqi
1242:
1182:South Arabia
1119:
1112:
1075:
1039:
960:
956:
950:
942:
938:
899:Crown colony
897:
861:
840:
838:operations.
824:
712:
696:
671:
664:
661:
657:
654:
650:
646:
643:
640:
636:Ottoman Turk
629:
612:
608:
594:
590:
587:
583:
580:
576:
574:at Al Anad.
572:
568:
564:
561:
557:
554:
550:
546:
542:
533:
529:
507:
503:Deria Dowlut
502:
499:
486:
471:Lahej was a
470:
404:
393:
385:
374:
366:
355:
354:
278:Succeeded by
277:
272:
18:
1480: /
1448:Aden Colony
1390:South Yemen
1385:North Yemen
963:: 411–419.
896:(1937–63)—
693:South Yemen
599:World War I
592:abandoned.
521: 1814
442:South Yemen
323:South Yemen
273:Preceded by
153:Sunni Islam
133:(1963–1967)
126:(1872–1963)
119:(1740–1872)
116:Independent
113:(1728–1740)
1501:Sultanates
1495:Categories
1468:45°28′00″E
1465:13°06′00″N
1415:Upper Asir
1410:Lower Asir
1326:Upper Yafa
1253:Lower Yafa
930:References
868:salt mines
843:Suez Canal
717:since the
525:Henry Salt
253:Population
159:Government
925:(1962–67)
919:(1962–67)
913:(1959–62)
858:Resources
721:in 1990.
688:Aftermath
684:in 1963.
638:soldier.
473:sultanate
426:Sultanate
416:based in
383:سلطنة لحج
162:Sultanate
149:Religion
43:1728–1967
30:سلطنة لحج
1369:al-`Irqa
1364:al-Hawra
1354:Rubeaten
1334:Al-Dhubi
1238:Haushabi
969:41623653
878:See also
834:and the
414:Sheikdom
412:, was a
1346:Maflahi
1342:Mawsata
1338:Hadrami
1330:Al-Busi
1321:Qu'aiti
1311:Kathiri
1263:Qutaibi
1258:Maflahi
1223:Dathina
1213:Audhali
872:Ottoman
866:, from
847:Red Sea
816:Economy
667:Subayhi
477:dynasty
448:History
432:of the
373:), the
237:•
224:•
211:•
175:History
139:Capital
1405:Najran
1400:Baidah
1350:Na'wah
1233:Fadhli
1218:Beihan
1208:Aqrabi
1120:Arabia
1086:
967:
725:Rulers
632:Sultan
424:. The
398:Arabic
379:Arabic
360:Arabic
263:50,000
178:
170:
167:Sultan
106:Status
73:Emblem
35:Arabic
1358:Juban
1316:Mahra
1268:Shaib
1243:Lahej
1228:Dhala
1203:Alawi
965:JSTOR
523:, by
418:Lahij
369:Laḥij
356:Lahej
348:Yemen
143:Lahij
1198:Aden
1104:link
1084:ISBN
864:salt
827:Aden
490:Aden
244:1967
231:1872
218:1839
205:1740
192:1728
59:Flag
701:of
420:in
364:لحج
1497::
1356:–
1352:–
1348:–
1344:–
1340:–
1336:–
1332:–
1100:}}
1096:{{
1082:.
1080:18
1074:.
1059:^
977:^
961:42
959:.
854:.
518:c.
444:.
400::
381::
362::
1396:)
1392:(
1360:)
1328:(
1173:e
1166:t
1159:v
1106:)
1092:.
1054:.
971:.
902:.
462:.
410:)
396:(
377:(
358:(
37:)
33:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
