40:
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The simple and reliable mission architecture was a pragmatic approach to solving the most critical space engineering challenges of the time, namely the closed-loop terminal descent guidance and control system, throttleable engines, and the radar systems required for determining the lander's altitude
353:
Each craft was planned to slow to about 110 m/s (4% of speed before retrofire) by a main solid fuel retrorocket, which fired for 40 seconds starting at an altitude of 75.3 km above the Moon, and then was jettisoned along with the radar unit at 11 km from the surface. The remainder of
358:
running on liquid fuels fed to them using pressurized helium. (The successful flight profile of
Surveyor 5 was given a somewhat shortened vernier flight sequence as a result of a helium leak). The last 3.4 meters to the surface was accomplished in free fall from zero velocity at that height, after
362:
Surveyor 1 required a total of about 63 hours (2.6 days) to reach the Moon, and
Surveyor 5 required 65 hours (2.7 days). The launch weights (at lunar injection) of the seven Surveyors ranged from 995.2 kilograms (2,194 lb) to 1,040 kilograms (2,290 lb), and their landing weights (minus
557:
Surveyor 6 was the first spacecraft planned to lift off from the Moon's surface. Surveyor 3 was the first spacecraft to unintentionally lift off from the Moon's surface, which it did twice, due to an anomaly with
Surveyor's landing radar, which did not shut off the vernier engines but kept them
246:
The program performed several other services beyond its primary goal of demonstrating soft landings. The ability of spacecraft to make midcourse corrections was demonstrated, and the landers carried instruments to help evaluate the suitability of their landing sites for crewed Apollo landings.
350:, which injected the craft directly into trans-lunar flightpath. The craft did not orbit the Moon on reaching it, but directly decelerated from impact trajectory, from 2.6 km/s relative to the Moon before firing retrorockets to a soft landing about 3 minutes 10 seconds later.
206:
Five of the
Surveyor craft successfully soft-landed on the Moon, including the first one. The other two failed: Surveyor 2 crashed at high velocity after a failed mid-course correction, and Surveyor 4 lost contact (possibly exploding) 2.5 minutes before its scheduled touch-down.
251:
mission (landing four months before
Surveyor 1) and the Surveyor project, it was unknown how deep the dust on the Moon was. If the dust was too deep, then no astronaut could land. The Surveyor program proved that landings were possible. Some of the Surveyors also had
574:
An engineering model of
Surveyor 3, S-10, used for thermal control tests. It was reconfigured to represent a flight model of Surveyor 3 or later, since it was the first to have a scoop and claw surface sampler. (National Air and Space
4179:
192:. The missions called for the craft to travel directly to the Moon on an impact trajectory, a journey that lasted 63 to 65 hours, and ended with a deceleration of just over three minutes to a soft landing.
359:
the vernier engines were turned off. This resulted in a landing speed of about 3 m/s. The free-fall to the surface was in an attempt to avoid surface contamination by rocket blast.
4804:
4161:
3472:
3215:
4185:
203:, and started in 1960. JPL selected Hughes Aircraft in 1961 to develop the spacecraft system. The total cost of the Surveyor program was officially $ 469 million.
4207:
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562:
landed 600 feet from
Surveyor 3, as planned. Surveyor 3's TV and telemetry systems were found to have been damaged by its unplanned landings and liftoffs.
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5334:
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1542:
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2006:
785:
5115:
5034:
2743:
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1440:
5110:
5419:
5152:
3689:
3423:
3251:
877:
5499:
4296:
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3132:
4997:
4435:
4167:
3568:
2534:
709:
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5201:
4724:
3227:
2833:
2539:
4977:
4951:
4907:
1711:
1518:
940:
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fuel, jettisoned retrorocket, and radar unit) ranged from 294.3 kilograms (649 lb) to 306 kilograms (675 lb).
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4113:
3992:
3586:
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2879:
1554:
1547:
1378:
389:
375:
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4621:
4085:
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3867:
3261:
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2673:
1523:
1486:
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317:
295:
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5362:
5120:
4707:
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2874:
732:
17:
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All seven spacecraft are still on the Moon; none of the missions included returning them to Earth. Some parts of
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219:
742:
5050:
4919:
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4030:
3895:
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3127:
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2909:
2681:
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1449:
846:
629:
1383:
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5351:
5314:
5273:
5167:
4872:
4852:
4767:
4591:
4330:
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3549:
3147:
3076:
3009:
2484:
870:
752:
675:
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the trip to the surface, lasting about 2.5 minutes, was handled by smaller doppler radar units and three
247:
Several
Surveyor spacecraft had robotic shovels designed to test lunar soil mechanics. Before the Soviet
5206:
5147:
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4530:
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5162:
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4831:
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4244:
3838:
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3512:
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2509:
1815:
1670:
1345:
1339:
771:
454:
253:
196:
2827:
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5281:
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1426:
760:| Lunar and Planetary Laboratory & Department of Planetary Sciences | The University of Arizona
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2222:
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on the Moon. The
Surveyor craft were the first American spacecraft to achieve soft landing on an
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5372:
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4786:
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3328:
2884:
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863:
2987:
1986:
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5367:
5309:
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5174:
5015:
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4301:
3855:
3714:
3397:
3308:
3271:
2957:
2899:
2821:
2419:
2409:
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1535:
1491:
1160:
614:
604:
5007:
4510:
4395:
4313:
4281:
4217:
4212:
4025:
3943:
3877:
3820:
3798:
3759:
3727:
3682:
3675:
3530:
3122:
3117:
3066:
2459:
2403:
2179:
1916:
1578:
727:
549:
511:
398:
Landing sites of
American Surveyor and Apollo programs, together with Soviet Luna program.
8:
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4772:
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3454:
3004:
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2943:
2514:
2068:
1847:
747:
473:
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239:
189:
1981:
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tested such systems in the challenging thermal and radiation environment near the Moon.
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Each Surveyor mission consisted of a single unmanned spacecraft designed and built by
256:
instruments and magnets, which helped determine the chemical composition of the soil.
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3036:
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2024:
737:
705:
39:
1373:
5288:
4929:
4391:
4119:
4098:
3901:
3014:
2993:
2809:
2489:
1976:
697:
355:
1661:
1418:
5267:
5237:
4700:
4674:
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4525:
4500:
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4455:
4371:
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3747:
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3020:
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1971:
1966:
1961:
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probe landed in February, was an indication the programs were at similar stages.
218:, which landed near it in 1969. The camera from this craft is on display at the
743:
Analysis of Surveyor 3 material and photographs returned by Apollo 12 (PDF) 1972
701:
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619:
609:
591:. Thus, the Surveyor 1 landing in June 1966, only four months after the Soviet
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1008:
580:
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firing throughout the first touchdown and after it. Apollo 12's Lunar Module
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235:
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The superpower space race: An explosive rivalry through the solar system
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480:
461:
442:
423:
302: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
211:
676:
https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1967-035A
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933:
763:
655:
NASA Unmanned Space Project Management - Surveyor and Lunar Orbiter
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program that, from June 1966 through January 1968, sent seven
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2499:
1911:
1901:
338:
AC-10 rocket carrying the Surveyor 1 spacecraft, May 30, 1966
260:
and velocity. The Surveyor missions were the first time that
3180:
Missions are ordered by launch date. Crewed missions are in
4077:
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3699:
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2161:
1530:
1471:
1453:
1283:
1277:
928:
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181:
173:
70:
27:
1960s NASA program to soft-land robotic probes on the Moon
753:
Details of Surveyor 1 launch, and also the entire program
184:. Its primary goal was to demonstrate the feasibility of
44:
Surveyor 3 resting on the surface of the Moon, taken by
4046:
3223:
738:
Surveyor Program Results (Good Quality Color PDF) 1969
403:
Of the seven Surveyor missions, five were successful.
1448:
5481:
696:. Boston, MA, USA: Springer. pp. 101–130.
758:Digitizing the Surveyor Lander Imaging Dataset
579:During the time of the Surveyor missions, the
4062:
3438:
3424:
3209:
3158:Third-party evidence for Apollo Moon landings
1434:
871:
779:
3138:List of species that have landed on the Moon
646:
644:
267:
4441:Commercial Orbital Transportation Services
4069:
4055:
3431:
3417:
3216:
3202:
1441:
1427:
885:
878:
864:
786:
772:
38:
5335:Hubble Space Telescope anniversary images
681:
641:
565:
318:Learn how and when to remove this message
748:Exploring the Moon: The Surveyor Program
569:
329:
238:near Surveyor 3 during Apollo 12, 1969.
229:
5420:NASA International Space Apps Challenge
14:
5482:
4208:Administrator and Deputy Administrator
3133:List of artificial objects on the Moon
687:
671:
669:
650:
214:were returned to Earth by the crew of
195:The program was implemented by NASA's
4998:Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
4050:
3569:Multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer
3412:
3197:
1422:
859:
767:
5460:
2834:International Lunar Research Station
793:
300:adding citations to reliable sources
271:
1366:
733:Surveyor Program Results (PDF) 1969
666:
24:
4114:National Aeronautics and Space Act
3581:Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer
1548:Japanese Lunar Exploration Program
388:
374:
25:
5511:
5068:Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope
4622:Commercial Lunar Payload Services
3971:Mars Astrobiology Explorer-Cacher
3923:Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope
3252:Lunar Discovery & Exploration
721:
5459:
5448:
5447:
5363:Apollo 15 postal covers incident
5121:Space Flight Operations Facility
4307:Operations and Checkout Building
4036:Space Flight Operations Facility
3833:Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
3247:Large strategic science missions
3153:Moon landing conspiracy theories
276:
4582:Lunar Precursor Robotic Program
3890:Wide Field and Planetary Camera
2870:Lunar Polar Exploration Mission
287:needs additional citations for
13:
1:
5500:Derelict landers (spacecraft)
3965:Astrobiology Field Laboratory
635:
583:was actively involved in the
346:. The launch vehicle was the
220:National Air and Space Museum
5400:Space program on U.S. stamps
5325:Gemini and Apollo medallions
5275:Solar System Family Portrait
5051:Joint Polar Satellite System
4920:Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter
4174:Vision for Space Exploration
4144:Space Exploration Initiative
4031:Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking
3896:Wide Field Infrared Explorer
3575:Soil Moisture Active Passive
3478:Atmospheric infrared sounder
3168:List of crewed lunar landers
3128:List of missions to the Moon
2951:Lockheed Martin Lunar Lander
2910:Lunar Crater Radio Telescope
2682:Firefly Aerospace Blue Ghost
1997:SELENE (Kaguya, Okina, Ouna)
1653:Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter
847:List of missions to the Moon
630:List of missions to the Moon
7:
5395:U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame
5352:We choose to go to the Moon
5315:Apollo 11 goodwill messages
4873:International Space Station
4853:Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
4592:Great Observatories program
4436:International Space Station
4414:Roscosmos State Corporation
4331:Science Mission Directorate
4277:Manned Space Flight Network
3550:Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
3010:International Lunar Network
702:10.1007/978-1-4899-5986-7_4
598:
366:
10:
5516:
5212:NASA cameras on spacecraft
5023:James Webb Space Telescope
4935:Solar Dynamics Observatory
4156:U.S. National Space Policy
4008:Table Mountain Observatory
5443:
5343:
5220:
5135:
5080:
5043:
4842:
4652:
4639:
4569:
4483:
4473:
4428:
4354:
4343:
4287:Vehicle Assembly Building
4195:
4094:
4084:
4021:
3980:
3957:
3936:
3910:
3839:Solar Mesosphere Explorer
3789:Near-Earth Asteroid Scout
3616:
3513:Large Binocular Telescope
3446:
3440:Jet Propulsion Laboratory
3393:
3362:
3301:
3242:
3235:
3176:
3105:
2971:
2928:
2862:
2853:
2778:
2753:
2704:
2672:
2596:
2587:
2418:
2336:
2256:
2170:
2058:
2005:
1825:
1816:List of Apollo astronauts
1765:
1756:
1736:
1720:
1694:
1618:
1609:
1460:
1359:
1318:
1293:
1254:
1229:
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1179:
1098:
1001:
960:
953:
911:
901:
894:
844:
801:
199:(JPL) to prepare for the
197:Jet Propulsion Laboratory
155:
150:
140:
132:
124:
116:
108:
100:
95:
87:
76:
66:
58:
53:
37:
5358:Apollo 8 Genesis reading
5282:The Day the Earth Smiled
4617:Solar Terrestrial Probes
4076:
4013:Solar System Ambassadors
3845:Spaceborne Imaging Radar
3284:Ocean Worlds Exploration
3277:Solar System Exploration
3113:Colonization of the Moon
268:Launch and lunar landing
225:
82:soft landing on the Moon
5490:Surveyor program (NASA)
5415:Other primates in space
5127:Deep Space Atomic Clock
4947:Mars Science Laboratory
4735:Spitzer Space Telescope
4324:Lunar Sample Laboratory
4267:Launch Services Program
3998:NASA Deep Space Network
3851:Spitzer Space Telescope
3766:Mars Exploration Rovers
3557:Mars Science Laboratory
3484:Deep Space Atomic Clock
3163:Apollo 11 anniversaries
3000:European Lunar Explorer
2223:Pragyan (Chandrayaan-2)
688:Reeves, Robert (1994).
625:Exploration of the Moon
344:Hughes Aircraft Company
5430:National Astronaut Day
5373:The Astronaut Monument
5195:Space Shuttle missions
4895:Mars Exploration Rover
4878:Hubble Space Telescope
4787:Kepler space telescope
4587:Earth Observing System
4561:Mars Exploration Rover
4272:Mercury Control Center
3563:Microwave limb sounder
2349:Emirates Lunar Mission
576:
566:Space Race competition
393:
379:
339:
243:
180:to the surface of the
5378:Lunar sample displays
5368:Space Mirror Memorial
5310:Voyager Golden Record
5202:United States rockets
4394: (with the
4302:Launch Control Center
3981:Related organizations
3398:List of NASA missions
3228:planetary exploration
2958:Lunar Orbital Station
2410:Peregrine Mission One
615:Lunar Orbiter program
605:Atlas (rocket family)
573:
392:
378:
333:
233:
190:extraterrestrial body
5495:Missions to the Moon
4396:Soviet space program
4314:Johnson Space Center
4282:Kennedy Space Center
4245:spinoff technologies
4026:JPL Science Division
3760:Mars Global Surveyor
3728:Mars Climate Orbiter
3123:List of lunar probes
3118:Google Lunar X Prize
3067:Project Harvest Moon
2180:Lunar Roving Vehicle
1660:(relay satellite at
728:Surveyor (1966–1968)
690:"Exploring the Moon"
512:Mare Tranquillitatis
412:Launched from Earth
296:improve this article
145:Cape Canaveral LC-36
5405:Apollo 17 Moon mice
5261:Pillars of Creation
5168:Space Shuttle crews
4646:(human and robotic)
4640:Individual featured
4223:Ranks and positions
3148:Apollo 17 Moon mice
3077:Resource Prospector
3005:First Lunar Outpost
2988:Baden-WĂĽrttemberg 1
2944:Boeing Lunar Lander
2069:Apollo Lunar Module
1883:(propulsion module)
1848:Apollo Lunar Module
1450:Spacecraft missions
507:September 11, 1967
474:Oceanus Procellarum
450:September 23, 1966
447:September 20, 1966
436:Oceanus Procellarum
222:in Washington, DC.
151:Vehicle information
112:May 30–June 2, 1966
34:
5207:NASA cancellations
5102:Deep Space Network
5092:Near Earth Network
4577:Living With a Star
4551:Project Prometheus
4531:Planetary Observer
3380:Project Prometheus
3339:Planetary Observer
3262:Planetary Missions
2816:Cislunar Explorers
577:
526:November 10, 1967
504:September 8, 1967
394:
384:{{{annotations}}}
380:
340:
244:
242:in the background.
178:robotic spacecraft
120:January 7–10, 1968
32:
5475:
5474:
5388:stolen or missing
5185:uncrewed missions
5163:Apollo astronauts
5158:Gemini astronauts
5076:
5075:
4860:2001 Mars Odyssey
4635:
4634:
4511:Mars Surveyor '98
4469:
4468:
4412: (with
4345:Human spaceflight
4339:
4338:
4297:Launch Complex 48
4292:Launch Complex 39
4044:
4043:
4003:Goldstone Complex
3958:Canceled missions
3937:Proposed missions
3754:Mars Polar Lander
3406:
3405:
3297:
3296:
3191:
3190:
3037:Lunar Mission One
2994:#dearMoon project
2967:
2966:
2849:
2848:
2694:Lunar Trailblazer
2583:
2582:
2025:Moon Impact Probe
1752:
1751:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1355:
1354:
1094:
1093:
949:
948:
853:
852:
711:978-1-4899-5986-7
678:– 24 January 2020
555:
554:
545:January 10, 1968
523:November 7, 1967
455:Copernicus crater
328:
327:
320:
165:
164:
156:Launch vehicle(s)
16:(Redirected from
5507:
5463:
5462:
5451:
5450:
5289:Fallen Astronaut
4930:Van Allen Probes
4650:
4649:
4556:Mars Exploration
4481:
4480:
4352:
4351:
4120:Space Task Group
4092:
4091:
4071:
4064:
4057:
4048:
4047:
3911:Planned missions
3902:Lunar Flashlight
3508:Keck observatory
3447:Current missions
3433:
3426:
3419:
3410:
3409:
3257:Mars Exploration
3240:
3239:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3195:
3194:
2860:
2859:
2810:Lunar Pathfinder
2594:
2593:
2490:Lunar Flashlight
1977:Lunar Prospector
1763:
1762:
1644:(service module)
1616:
1615:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1420:
1419:
1364:
1363:
1184:
1183:
958:
957:
899:
898:
880:
873:
866:
857:
856:
795:Surveyor program
788:
781:
774:
765:
764:
716:
715:
685:
679:
673:
664:
663:
661:
648:
542:January 7, 1968
415:Arrived at Moon
406:
405:
323:
316:
312:
309:
303:
280:
272:
254:alpha scattering
170:Surveyor program
54:Program overview
42:
35:
33:Surveyor program
31:
21:
18:Surveyor Program
5515:
5514:
5510:
5509:
5508:
5506:
5505:
5504:
5480:
5479:
5476:
5471:
5439:
5339:
5330:Mission patches
5305:Pioneer plaques
5268:Mystic Mountain
5245:Family Portrait
5238:The Blue Marble
5222:
5216:
5190:Apollo missions
5131:
5083:
5072:
5039:
4844:
4838:
4675:Mercury-Atlas 6
4645:
4641:
4631:
4565:
4501:Mariner Mark II
4465:
4446:Commercial Crew
4424:
4347:
4335:
4319:Mission Control
4218:Astronaut Corps
4213:Chief Scientist
4191:
4096:
4080:
4075:
4045:
4040:
4017:
3976:
3953:
3932:
3906:
3748:Mars Pathfinder
3625:Cassini-Huygens
3612:
3592:Voyager program
3442:
3437:
3407:
3402:
3389:
3375:Mariner Mark II
3358:
3314:Lunar Precursor
3293:
3231:
3222:
3192:
3187:
3172:
3143:Lunar resources
3101:
2973:
2963:
2924:
2855:
2845:
2774:
2749:
2700:
2668:
2589:
2579:
2414:
2406:(Chandrayaan-2)
2337:Failed landings
2332:
2252:
2228:(Chandrayaan-3)
2166:
2153:(Chandrayaan-3)
2054:
2001:
1952:Lunar Orbiter 1
1821:
1766:Crewed landings
1758:
1748:
1732:
1716:
1690:
1665:
1611:
1605:
1497:Lunar Precursor
1464:
1456:
1447:
1417:
1408:
1351:
1314:
1289:
1250:
1225:
1175:
1090:
997:
945:
907:
890:
884:
854:
849:
840:
797:
792:
724:
719:
712:
686:
682:
674:
667:
662:. NASA SP-4901.
659:
651:Kloman (1972).
649:
642:
638:
601:
568:
469:April 20, 1967
466:April 17, 1967
401:
400:
399:
396:
395:
386:
381:
369:
356:vernier engines
324:
313:
307:
304:
293:
281:
270:
228:
167:
104:US$ 469 million
96:Program history
49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5513:
5503:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5457:
5444:
5441:
5440:
5438:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5425:Astronauts Day
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
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5385:
5375:
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5365:
5360:
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5337:
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5292:
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5264:
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5255:
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5217:
5215:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5198:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5177:
5172:
5171:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5139:
5137:
5133:
5132:
5130:
5129:
5124:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5099:
5094:
5088:
5086:
5084:and navigation
5082:Communications
5078:
5077:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5070:
5065:
5062:Europa Clipper
5058:
5053:
5047:
5045:
5041:
5040:
5038:
5037:
5032:
5031:
5030:
5020:
5019:
5018:
5013:
5000:
4995:
4990:
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4955:
4954:
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4912:
4911:
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4897:
4892:
4887:
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4836:
4835:
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4789:
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4777:
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4758:
4753:
4745:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
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4712:
4711:
4710:
4698:
4691:
4684:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4656:
4654:
4647:
4637:
4636:
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4632:
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4609:
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4599:
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4584:
4579:
4573:
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4567:
4566:
4564:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4516:New Millennium
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4487:
4485:
4478:
4471:
4470:
4467:
4466:
4464:
4463:
4458:
4453:
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4384:
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4334:
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4309:
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4289:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4248:
4247:
4237:
4232:
4231:
4230:
4225:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4199:
4197:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4189:
4183:
4177:
4171:
4165:
4159:
4153:
4147:
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4123:
4117:
4111:
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4089:
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4074:
4073:
4066:
4059:
4051:
4042:
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4038:
4033:
4028:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4016:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3984:
3982:
3978:
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3975:
3974:
3968:
3961:
3959:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3951:
3946:
3940:
3938:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3918:Europa Clipper
3914:
3912:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3904:
3899:
3893:
3887:
3882:
3875:
3873:TOPEX/Poseidon
3870:
3865:
3860:
3853:
3848:
3842:
3836:
3830:
3825:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3796:
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3756:
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3546:
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3523:
3516:
3510:
3505:
3498:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3458:
3450:
3448:
3444:
3443:
3436:
3435:
3428:
3421:
3413:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3385:Voyager (Mars)
3382:
3377:
3372:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3329:New Millennium
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3305:
3303:
3299:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3243:
3237:
3233:
3232:
3221:
3220:
3213:
3206:
3198:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3177:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3042:Lunar Observer
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2990:
2985:
2977:
2975:
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2872:
2866:
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2857:
2851:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2844:
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2819:
2813:
2807:
2801:
2795:
2789:
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2780:
2776:
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2772:
2766:
2759:
2757:
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2735:
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2710:
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2701:
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2585:
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2557:
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2537:
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2250:
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2205:
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2203:
2196:
2189:
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2164:
2159:
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2143:
2138:
2133:
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2123:
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2103:
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2078:
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2056:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2009:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
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1969:
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723:
722:External links
720:
718:
717:
710:
680:
665:
639:
637:
634:
633:
632:
627:
622:
620:Ranger program
617:
612:
610:Luna programme
607:
600:
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567:
564:
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546:
543:
540:
534:
533:
527:
524:
521:
515:
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508:
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496:
495:
489:
488:July 17, 1967
486:
485:July 14, 1967
483:
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368:
365:
334:Launch of the
326:
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308:September 2020
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269:
266:
227:
224:
201:Apollo program
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141:Launch site(s)
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5487:
5485:
5478:
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5458:
5456:
5455:
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5442:
5436:
5435:Nikon NASA F4
5433:
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5342:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5320:NASA insignia
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5300:Lunar plaques
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5290:
5286:
5284:
5283:
5279:
5277:
5276:
5272:
5270:
5269:
5265:
5263:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5253:
5252:Pale Blue Dot
5249:
5248:
5247:
5246:
5242:
5240:
5239:
5235:
5233:
5232:
5228:
5227:
5225:
5219:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5181:
5180:NASA missions
5178:
5176:
5175:NASA aircraft
5173:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5145:
5144:
5141:
5140:
5138:
5134:
5128:
5125:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5097:Space Network
5095:
5093:
5090:
5089:
5087:
5085:
5079:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5063:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5048:
5046:
5042:
5036:
5033:
5029:
5026:
5025:
5024:
5021:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5010:
5006:
5005:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4973:
4969:
4967:
4966:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4953:
4950:
4949:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4942:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4904:
4902:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4885:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4868:
4864:
4862:
4861:
4857:
4855:
4854:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4841:
4833:
4830:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4822:
4820:
4819:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4796:
4794:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4782:
4778:
4776:
4775:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4763:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4750:
4746:
4744:
4742:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4730:Space Shuttle
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4709:
4706:
4705:
4704:
4703:
4699:
4697:
4696:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4685:
4683:
4682:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4655:
4651:
4648:
4644:
4638:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4612:New Frontiers
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4568:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4521:Lunar Orbiter
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4482:
4479:
4476:
4472:
4462:
4461:Lunar Gateway
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4427:
4421:
4420:Constellation
4418:
4415:
4411:
4410:
4405:
4403:
4402:Space Shuttle
4400:
4397:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4367:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4346:
4342:
4332:
4329:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4315:
4312:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4240:NASA research
4238:
4236:
4233:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4194:
4187:
4184:
4181:
4178:
4175:
4172:
4169:
4166:
4163:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4145:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4093:
4090:
4087:
4083:
4079:
4072:
4067:
4065:
4060:
4058:
4053:
4052:
4049:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4020:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3972:
3969:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3956:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3944:Europa Lander
3942:
3941:
3939:
3935:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3913:
3909:
3903:
3900:
3897:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3880:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3858:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3846:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3761:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3743:
3742:
3741:Mars Observer
3738:
3735:
3734:Mars Cube One
3732:
3730:
3729:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3617:Past missions
3615:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3535:
3533:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3503:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3434:
3429:
3427:
3422:
3420:
3415:
3414:
3411:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3361:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3309:Lunar Orbiter
3307:
3306:
3304:
3300:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3272:New Frontiers
3270:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3234:
3229:
3226:
3219:
3214:
3212:
3207:
3205:
3200:
3199:
3196:
3183:
3179:
3178:
3175:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2970:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
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2878:
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2873:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2858:
2852:
2841:
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2835:
2832:
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2817:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2615:Lunar Gateway
2612:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2586:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2495:Lunar IceCube
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2258:Sample return
2255:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2202:
2201:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2057:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1881:Chandrayaan-3
1879:
1877:
1876:Chandrayaan-1
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1817:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1755:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1636:Chandrayaan-2
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1614:
1608:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1492:Lunar Orbiter
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1444:
1439:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1425:
1424:
1421:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1264:Blue Ghost M1
1262:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1116:Chandrayaan-2
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1009:Chandrayaan-3
1007:
1006:
1004:
1000:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
965:
963:
959:
956:
952:
942:
939:
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887:Lunar landing
881:
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453:crashed near
452:
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433:
431:June 2, 1966
430:
428:May 30, 1966
427:
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417:
414:
411:
409:Surveyor No.
408:
407:
404:
391:
385:
377:
364:
360:
357:
351:
349:
348:Atlas-Centaur
345:
337:
336:Atlas-Centaur
332:
322:
319:
311:
301:
297:
291:
290:
285:This section
283:
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265:
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257:
255:
250:
241:
237:
232:
223:
221:
217:
213:
208:
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198:
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191:
187:
186:soft landings
183:
179:
175:
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161:
160:Atlas-Centaur
158:
154:
149:
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143:
139:
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131:
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107:
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69:
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62:United States
61:
57:
52:
47:
41:
36:
30:
19:
5477:
5465:
5453:
5287:
5280:
5274:
5266:
5259:
5250:
5243:
5236:
5229:
5060:
5009:Perseverance
5008:
4970:
4963:
4940:
4900:
4883:
4867:New Horizons
4865:
4858:
4851:
4824:
4816:
4792:
4780:
4773:
4760:
4748:
4740:
4701:
4693:
4686:
4679:
4540:
4408:
4392:Apollo–Soyuz
3878:
3862:
3856:
3821:
3799:
3779:
3771:
3758:
3746:
3739:
3726:
3715:
3683:
3669:
3653:Deep Space 2
3651:
3646:Deep Space 1
3644:
3638:
3631:
3624:
3603:
3596:
3548:
3539:
3532:Perseverance
3531:
3520:Mars Odyssey
3518:
3501:
3493:
3460:
3453:
3348:
3181:
3032:Lunar Lander
3019:
2992:
2980:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2836:(late 2020s)
2662:Artemis VIII
2660:
2652:
2644:
2636:
2628:
2620:
2613:
2605:
2440:Chang'e 5-T1
2432:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2279:
2272:
2265:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2067:
1846:
1839:
1832:
1807:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1779:
1772:
1642:Chang'e 5-T1
1555:South Korean
1511:
794:
693:
683:
654:
589:Soviet Union
578:
559:
556:
550:Tycho crater
548:landed near
418:Disposition
402:
383:
361:
352:
341:
314:
305:
294:Please help
289:verification
286:
258:
245:
240:Lunar Module
209:
205:
194:
169:
166:
109:First flight
80:Demonstrate
67:Organization
29:
5295:Deep fields
5223:and artwork
5221:NASA images
4793:Opportunity
4262:NASA Social
4088:and history
3780:Opportunity
3639:Deep Impact
3062:OrbitBeyond
2972:Cancelled /
2840:Argonaut M1
2798:Beresheet 2
2786:Hakuto-R M2
2654:Artemis VII
2622:Artemis III
2460:Longjiang-1
2354:Hakuto-R M1
1917:Longjiang-2
1892:Explorer 35
1536:Chandrayaan
1462:Exploration
1399:OrbitBeyond
1336:Hakuto-R M2
1326:Beresheet 2
1196:Artemis III
1121:Hakuto-R M1
531:Sinus Medii
493:Sinus Medii
491:crashed on
236:Pete Conrad
117:Last flight
5484:Categories
5383:Moon rocks
5143:Astronauts
5136:NASA lists
4993:OSIRIS-REx
4827:helicopter
4695:Pioneer 11
4688:Pioneer 10
4491:Hitchhiker
4366:suborbital
4203:Space Race
3676:spacecraft
3542:helicopter
3370:Grand Tour
3072:Prospector
3047:Lunokhod 3
2920:Moon Diver
2915:McCandless
2828:MoonRanger
2646:Artemis VI
2630:Artemis IV
2607:Artemis II
2505:Mariner 10
2394:Surveyor 2
2389:OMOTENASHI
2208:Lunokhod 1
2126:Surveyor 1
1887:Clementine
1404:McCandless
1166:Surveyor 2
1156:OMOTENASHI
1066:Surveyor 1
836:Surveyor 7
831:Surveyor 6
826:Surveyor 5
821:Surveyor 4
816:Surveyor 3
811:Surveyor 2
806:Surveyor 1
636:References
585:Space Race
529:landed on
510:landed on
472:landed on
434:landed on
234:Astronaut
212:Surveyor 3
48:astronauts
5410:Moon tree
5231:Earthrise
5106:Goldstone
5003:Mars 2020
4972:Voyager 2
4965:Voyager 1
4901:Curiosity
4845:operating
4843:Currently
4825:Ingenuity
4762:MESSENGER
4741:Sojourner
4670:Mercury 3
4660:Apollo 11
4607:Discovery
4597:Explorers
4186:Augustine
4150:Augustine
3659:Explorers
3605:Voyager 2
3598:Voyager 1
3540:Ingenuity
3526:Mars 2020
3363:Cancelled
3302:Completed
3267:Discovery
3087:Ukrselena
2937:DSE-Alpha
2895:Garatéa-L
2885:Blue Moon
2880:Artemis-7
2804:ispace M3
2769:Chang'e 8
2763:Chang'e 7
2706:Luna-Glob
2638:Artemis V
2520:Pioneer 4
2510:NEA Scout
2485:LunaH-Map
2434:Apollo 13
2344:Beresheet
2323:Chang'e 5
2267:Apollo 11
2186:Apollo 15
2076:Chang'e 5
2007:Impactors
1861:Chang'e 1
1856:Artemis I
1774:Apollo 11
1702:Chang'e 3
1658:Queqiao 1
1572:Luna-Glob
1295:Luna-Glob
1161:Peregrine
1111:Beresheet
1106:Apollo 13
1014:Chang'e 3
968:Apollo 11
924:Chang'e 6
919:Chang'e 4
587:with the
216:Apollo 12
125:Successes
91:Completed
46:Apollo 12
5454:Category
5116:Canberra
5028:timeline
5016:timeline
4952:timeline
4908:timeline
4805:observed
4800:timeline
4768:Aquarius
4708:timeline
4681:Magellan
4643:missions
4541:Surveyor
4477:programs
4407:Shuttle–
4348:programs
4180:Aldridge
4099:creation
3863:Surveyor
3857:Stardust
3811:QuikSCAT
3716:Magellan
3695:Herschel
3489:GRACE-FO
3468:ACRIMSAT
3349:Surveyor
3230:programs
3082:SELENE-2
3057:MoonRise
3052:MoonLITE
2974:concepts
2900:ISOCHRON
2856:missions
2854:Proposed
2590:missions
2525:Ranger 5
2157:EagleCam
2030:Ranger 4
1834:Apollo 8
1826:Orbiters
1759:missions
1744:ArgoMoon
1676:Tiandu-1
1631:CAPSTONE
1619:Orbiters
1612:missions
1594:Lunokhod
1543:Japanese
1512:Surveyor
1472:American
1465:programs
1360:Proposed
934:EagleCam
889:missions
599:See also
560:Intrepid
367:Missions
133:Failures
5466:Commons
5344:Related
5153:by year
5148:by name
4925:GOES 15
4915:GOES 14
4832:flights
4818:InSight
4774:Cassini
4702:Galileo
4627:SIMPLEx
4602:Voyager
4570:Current
4526:Pioneer
4496:Mariner
4475:Robotic
4456:Artemis
4429:Current
4372:Mercury
4364: (
4257:NASA TV
4196:General
4095:History
3993:Caltech
3973:(MAX-C)
3949:FINESSE
3928:SPHEREx
3879:Ulysses
3822:Rosetta
3806:Pioneer
3800:Phoenix
3736:(MarCO)
3722:Mariner
3705:Jason-1
3684:Genesis
3670:Galileo
3495:InSight
3334:Pioneer
3319:Mariner
3289:Voyager
3182:italics
3106:Related
3027:Lunar-A
2905:LunaNet
2863:Robotic
2830:(2020s)
2824:(2020s)
2818:(2020s)
2792:DESTINY
2746:(2030s)
2744:Luna 31
2740:(2030s)
2738:Luna 30
2734:(2030s)
2732:Luna 29
2726:Luna 28
2720:Luna 27
2714:Luna 26
2690:(2025)
2598:Artemis
2588:Planned
2450:Galileo
2445:Geotail
2308:Luna 16
2248:Jinchan
2060:Landers
1992:SMART-1
1922:Luna 10
1695:Landers
1686:ICUBE-Q
1638:Orbiter
1626:ARTEMIS
1567:Russian
1524:Chang'e
1519:Chinese
1502:Pioneer
1482:Artemis
1452:to the
1384:Firefly
1374:Redwire
1342:, 2024)
1332:, 2025)
1330:SpaceIL
1303:Luna 27
1188:Artemis
1180:Planned
1002:Robotic
912:Robotic
575:Museum)
77:Purpose
59:Country
5111:Madrid
5044:Future
4959:NuSTAR
4890:THEMIS
4812:RHESSI
4749:Spirit
4546:Viking
4536:Ranger
4387:Skylab
4382:Apollo
4377:Gemini
4235:Budget
4188:(2009)
4182:(2004)
4176:(2004)
4170:(2003)
4164:(2002)
4162:CFUSAI
4158:(1996)
4152:(1990)
4146:(1989)
4140:(1987)
4134:(1986)
4132:Rogers
4128:(1986)
4122:(1958)
4116:(1958)
4110:(1915)
4086:Policy
3898:(WIRE)
3892:(WFPC)
3885:Viking
3835:(SRTM)
3828:Seasat
3816:Ranger
3772:Spirit
3710:Kepler
3577:(SMAP)
3571:(MISR)
3480:(AIRS)
3462:Psyche
3455:Euclid
3354:Viking
3344:Ranger
3236:Active
2982:Altair
2929:Crewed
2842:(2031)
2812:(2026)
2806:(2026)
2800:(2025)
2794:(2025)
2788:(2024)
2779:Others
2771:(2028)
2765:(2026)
2728:(2030)
2722:(2028)
2716:(2027)
2684:(2024)
2665:(2033)
2657:(2032)
2649:(2031)
2641:(2030)
2633:(2028)
2625:(2026)
2610:(2025)
2575:PAS-22
2550:Zond 3
2530:STEREO
2515:Nozomi
2465:Luna 1
2420:Flybys
2404:Vikram
2359:Luna 5
2242:Sora-Q
2172:Rovers
2151:Vikram
2086:Luna 9
2020:Luna 2
2015:LCROSS
1737:Flybys
1728:Yutu-2
1721:Rovers
1648:Danuri
1610:Active
1584:Crewed
1579:Soviet
1560:Danuri
1531:Indian
1507:Ranger
1477:Apollo
1394:MoonEx
1389:Masten
1379:Draper
1348:(2026)
1340:ispace
1319:Others
1311:(2030)
1305:(2028)
1286:(2025)
1280:(2025)
1272:(2026)
1266:(2024)
1247:(2028)
1241:(2026)
1222:(2032)
1216:(2031)
1210:(2030)
1204:(2028)
1198:(2026)
1126:Luna 5
1099:Failed
1024:Luna 9
961:Crewed
902:Crewed
895:Active
708:
593:Luna 9
249:Luna 9
172:was a
88:Status
5056:NISAR
5011:rover
4983:MAVEN
4903:rover
4884:Swift
4795:rover
4756:LADEE
4751:rover
4743:rover
4720:GRAIL
4715:GALEX
4506:MESUR
4451:Orion
4252:NASA+
4228:Chief
4126:Paine
3967:(AFL)
3868:SVLBI
3847:(SIR)
3841:(SME)
3794:NSCAT
3782:rover
3774:rover
3690:GRACE
3664:GALEX
3583:(TES)
3565:(MLS)
3559:(MSL)
3553:(MRO)
3534:rover
3515:(LBT)
3473:ASTER
3324:MESUR
3097:VIPER
2890:BOLAS
2875:ALINA
2500:LunIR
2238:LEV-2
2233:LEV-1
1987:PFS-2
1982:PFS-1
1912:LADEE
1907:Hiten
1902:GRAIL
660:(PDF)
226:Goals
5035:PACE
4978:WISE
4941:Juno
4781:Dawn
4725:WMAP
4665:COBE
4653:Past
4484:Past
4362:X-15
4355:Past
4168:CAIB
4138:Ride
4108:NACA
4078:NASA
3988:NASA
3700:IRAS
3632:Dawn
3587:SWOT
3502:Juno
3225:NASA
3092:XL-1
2822:CU-E
2755:CLEP
2688:IM-2
2674:CLPS
2545:Wind
2540:WMAP
2535:TESS
2218:Yutu
2162:IM-1
1757:Past
1712:SLIM
1599:Zond
1589:Luna
1487:CLPS
1454:Moon
1367:CLPS
1284:IM-3
1278:IM-2
1256:CLPS
1231:CLEP
954:Past
941:SLIM
929:IM-1
906:none
706:ISBN
262:NASA
182:Moon
174:NASA
168:The
101:Cost
71:NASA
4988:MMS
4409:Mir
3015:LEO
2455:ICE
1220:VII
698:doi
298:by
5486::
3021:LK
2428:4M
2384:25
2379:18
2374:15
2318:24
2313:20
2302:17
2295:16
2288:15
2281:14
2274:12
2200:17
2193:16
2121:24
2116:23
2111:21
2106:20
2101:17
2096:16
2091:13
2072:Ă—6
1947:22
1942:19
1937:14
1932:12
1927:11
1897:49
1841:10
1809:17
1802:16
1795:15
1788:14
1781:12
1346:M3
1309:28
1270:M2
1214:VI
1202:IV
1151:25
1146:18
1141:15
1059:24
1054:23
1049:21
1044:20
1039:17
1034:16
1029:13
993:17
988:16
983:15
978:14
973:12
704:.
692:.
668:^
643:^
5354:"
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5123:)
5104:(
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4097:(
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3184:.
2570:8
2565:7
2560:6
2555:5
2480:6
2475:4
2470:3
2399:4
2369:8
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2328:6
2244:)
2240:(
2213:2
2146:7
2141:6
2136:5
2131:3
2081:6
2050:9
2045:8
2040:7
2035:6
1972:5
1967:4
1962:3
1957:2
1871:5
1866:2
1818:)
1814:(
1707:4
1681:2
1671:2
1667:)
1664:2
1662:L
1442:e
1435:t
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1338:(
1328:(
1245:8
1239:7
1208:V
1171:4
1136:8
1131:7
1086:7
1081:6
1076:5
1071:3
1019:5
879:e
872:t
865:v
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780:t
773:v
714:.
700::
657:"
653:"
538:7
519:6
500:5
481:4
462:3
443:2
424:1
321:)
315:(
310:)
306:(
292:.
136:2
128:5
20:)
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