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with extraction. At the same time productivity increases. Hence, sustainable yield would be within the range in which the natural capital together with its production are able to provide satisfactory yield. It may be very difficult to quantify sustainable yield, because every dynamic ecological conditions and other factors not related to harvesting induce changes and fluctuations in both, the natural capital and its productivity.
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221:. In the forestry context it is the largest amount of harvest activity that can occur without degrading the productivity of the stock. The idea of sustainable yield forestry has shifted focus from only output, to include maintaining production capacity and maintaining the natural renewal capacity of forest vegetation.
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which can cause sinkholes. In order to calculate a safe yield of water extraction in the area, many factors need to be taken into account. The first is the water budget, figuring out and understanding where water is used by humans, getting recharged, and being lost due to possible maintenance issues
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Understanding sustainable yield is essential because it indicates how much a population can produce and what humans can glean from it without causing irreversible damage to the species population growth. It is possible that policies implementing maximum sustainable yield in ecosystems can cause the
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is defined as the number of fish that can be extracted without reducing the base of fish stock, and the maximum sustainable yield is defined as the number of fish that can be extracted under given environmental conditions. In fisheries, the basic natural capital or virgin population, must decrease
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of 1937 was one of the first written federal laws to warrant future generations having sufficient wood supply and regulations on wood harvest rate. The Act helped maintain a viable, sustainable yield, by ensuring land management, reforestation, watershed protection, a permanent timber source, and
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Taylor, Richard G.; Scanlon, Bridget; Döll, Petra; Rodell, Matt; van Beek, Rens; Wada, Yoshihide; Longuevergne, Laurent; Leblanc, Marc; Famiglietti, James S.; Edmunds, Mike; Konikow, Leonard; Green, Timothy R.; Chen, Jianyao; Taniguchi, Makoto; Bierkens, Marc F. P. (2013).
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at the same or increasing level over time. The term only refers to resources that are renewable in nature as extracting non-renewable resources will always diminish the natural capital. The sustainable yield of a given resource will generally vary over time with the
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to sustain itself and re-establish a mature forest. This results in a decrease of the forest's sustainable yield. The definition of sustainable yield has changed throughout history and the term itself has been described as
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technology, turning saltwater into drinking water. The other considerations include temporal, spatial, and monetary aspects, which all cause changes in the water system that change the amount of usable water.
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Elbakidze, Marine; Andersson, Kjell; Angelstam, Per; Armstrong, Glen W.; Axelsson, Robert; Doyon, Frederik; Hermansson, Martin; Jacobsson, Jonas; Pautov, Yurij (2013-03-01).
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Elbakidze, Marine; Andersson, Kjell; Angelstam, Per; Armstrong, W. Glen; Axelsson, Robert; Doyon, Frederik; Hermansson, Martin; Jacobsson, Jonas; Pautov, Yurij (March 2013).
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Elshall, Ahmed S; Arik, Aida D; El-Kadi, Aly I; Pierce, Suzanne; Ye, Ming; Burnett, Kimberly M; Wada, Christopher A; Bremer, Leah L; Chun, Gregory (2020-09-07).
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Fishery management utilizes the concept of sustainable yield to determine how much fish can be removed, so that the population remains sustainable.
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Groundwater is essential for ecosystems and humans to sustain themselves as it is the largest store of distributed fresh water. In the case of
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240:. Russia uses a mid-term horizon to distinguish natural growth from accessible timber. Their take on sustainable yield forestry uses
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by 2. At half of the carrying capacity, the population is considered harvestable and capable of regrowth. Errors in calculating the
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and natural phenomena. Another consideration is changing technology. Technology allows for possible gains in supply, for example,
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Takashina, Nao; Mougi, Akihiko (October 2015). "Maximum sustainable yields from a spatially-explicit harvest model".
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Farrell, Edward P; FĂĽhrer, Erwin; Ryan, Dermot; Andersson, Folke; HĂĽttl, Reinhard; Piussi, Pietro (2000-06-15).
780:"Sustained Yield Forestry in Sweden and Russia: How Does it Correspond to Sustainable Forest Management Policy?"
644:"Sustained Yield Forestry in Sweden and Russia: How Does it Correspond to Sustainable Forest Management Policy?"
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209:. Improving the application of sustainable yield in ecosystems without damaging them is valuable to research.
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The issue of over-fishing in the mid-1850s led to a new reference point for fishery management known as the
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or even depletion. Depletion of an aquifer, or a decline in groundwater levels has the potential to cause
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Ricker, W.E. (1975). "Computation and
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Sweden and Russia are examples of countries that implement sustainable yield forestry. Sweden's
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Reynolds, John D.; Mace, Georgina M.; Redford, Kent H.; Robinson, John G. (2001-10-18).
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extinction of several species, especially if the population is harvested above its
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337:, who pioneered the mathematics behind sustained yield with his 1713 treatise
156:'s needs to maintain itself. For instance, a forest that has suffered from a
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459:. The International Library of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Ethics.
248:. Sustainable yield forestry is widely criticized for its singular focus on
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that can be extracted without reducing the base of capital itself, i.e. the
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there is a safe yield of water extraction per unit time, beyond which the
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580:"Sustainability | Description, Theories, & Practices | Britannica"
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strives for maximum yield forestry which is obtained through intense
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is the amount of a resource that humans can harvest without
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Sustainable yield is an important component of sustainable
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UN Conference on the Human
Environment (Stockholm 1972)
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558:"Population Ecology at Work: Managing Game Populations"
755:"History of the O & C Lands: 1990 to the Present"
252:. This results in a changed natural landscape with a
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The term sustainable yield is most commonly used in
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
939:Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada
196:can lead to over or under harvesting a resource.
457:A Sustainable Philosophy-The Work of Bryan Norton
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135:In more formal terms, the sustainable yield of
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188:A sustainable yield is calculated by dividing
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381:"Natural Capital and Sustainable Development"
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1048:"Land Subsidence | U.S. Geological Survey"
356:"Sustainable yield | ecology | Britannica"
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2102:Convention on Biological Diversity (1992)
1120:"Defining and Managing Sustainable Yield"
1073:"Defining and Managing Sustainable Yield"
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
2130:UN Conference on Sustainable Development
889:(Second ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
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379:Constanza, Robert; Daly, Herman (1992).
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229:revenue distributed to local counties.
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568:(10): 5 – via Knowledge Project.
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16:Maximum harvest without causing damage
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410:Bateman, Ian; Mace, Georgina (2020).
2073:Brundtlandt Commission Report (1983)
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
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1715:Environmental full-cost accounting
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1097:10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02739.x
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2497:Global Forest Information Service
1649:Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity
959:"Ground water and climate change"
913:Conservation of Exploited Species
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397:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1992.610037.x
256:of that ecosystem as well as key
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603:Ghosh, Bapan; Kar, T.K. (2013).
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699:Wiersum, K. Freerk (May 1995).
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169:due to limitations in applying
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1945:Socially responsible marketing
1012:Environmental Research Letters
916:. Cambridge University Press.
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609:Journal of Theoretical Biology
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494:Journal of Theoretical Biology
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325:Sustainable yield in fisheries
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2136:Sustainable Development Goals
1940:Socially responsible business
861:10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00375-3
849:Forest Ecology and Management
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160:will require more of its own
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885:Fath, Brian D., ed. (2019).
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1965:Sustainability organization
1750:Standards and certification
1341:Social return on investment
469:10.1007/978-3-319-92597-4_3
453:"Ecological Sustainability"
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2608:Growth and yield modelling
1390:Systemic change resistance
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524:10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.07.028
481:– via Springer Link.
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128:or damaging a potentially
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428:10.1038/s41893-020-0552-3
330:Maximum sustainable yield
278:maximum sustainable yield
207:maximum sustainable yield
194:maximum sustainable yield
2754:Great Green Wall (China)
2327:Close to nature forestry
1710:Environmental accounting
1459:Sustainable architecture
1449:Environmental technology
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1025:10.1088/1748-9326/ab8e8c
705:Environmental Management
556:Stokes, Michalr (2012).
451:Callicott, J.B. (2018).
2788:Million Tree Initiative
1583:Sustainable agriculture
887:Encyclopedia of ecology
335:Hans Carl von Carlowitz
289:Groundwater Application
280:. Sustainable yield in
3210:Environment portal
2642:Sustainable management
2537:Trillion Tree Campaign
2126:(Rio+10, Johannesburg)
1995:Sustainable management
1980:Urban drainage systems
1720:Environmental planning
1684:Water recycling shower
1674:Tidal stream generator
1469:Sustainable industries
1428:Sustainable population
1413:Demographic transition
1395:Tragedy of the commons
1118:Maimone, Mark (2004).
1071:Maimone, Mark (2004).
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171:ecological complexity.
3135:Wood process engineer
2839:Urban forest inequity
2018:Humanistic capitalism
1833:Environmental finance
1474:Sustainable packaging
963:Nature Climate Change
631:– via Elsevier.
416:Nature Sustainability
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147:required to maintain
2798:Shifting cultivation
2739:Forest fragmentation
2709:Carbon sequestration
2579:Woodland Carbon Code
2544:Forest certification
2452:Even-aged management
2367:Sustainable forestry
1985:Urban infrastructure
1679:Water heat recycling
1502:Conservation biology
1346:Steady-state economy
1321:Micro-sustainability
1306:Ecological footprint
1263:Planetary boundaries
975:10.1038/nclimate1744
385:Conservation Biology
258:ecological processes
254:loss in biodiversity
242:natural regeneration
43:improve this article
3285:Renewable resources
2603:Formally designated
2447:Ecological thinning
2357:Plantation forestry
2265:Research institutes
2086:Earth Summit (1992)
1740:Metrics and indices
1593:Sustainable fishery
1512:Holocene extinction
1331:Product stewardship
1301:Earth Overshoot Day
1139:2004GrWat..42..809M
1089:2004GrWat..42..809M
796:2013Ambio..42..160E
717:1995EnMan..19..321W
660:2013Ambio..42..160E
516:2015JThBi.383...87T
301:risks the state of
58:"Sustainable yield"
3196:Ecology portal
2729:Forest degradation
2724:Ecosystem services
2332:Community forestry
1545:Sustainable energy
1507:Endangered species
1464:Sustainable design
1378:Consumer behaviour
725:10.1007/BF02471975
584:www.britannica.com
399:– via JSTOR.
360:www.britannica.com
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2079:Our Common Future
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1253:Global governance
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3171:
3157:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3125:Timber cruiser
3122:
3120:Shingle weaver
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2958:
2956:Rail transport
2953:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2899:
2897:pulp and paper
2894:
2889:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2867:Forest farming
2864:
2858:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2817:
2815:slash-and-char
2812:
2810:slash-and-burn
2807:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2734:Forest dieback
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2700:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2654:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2593:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2407:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2377:Urban forestry
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2313:
2312:
2299:
2297:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2282:
2275:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2228:
2227:
2220:
2213:
2205:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2159:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2133:
2132:(Rio+20, 2012)
2127:
2121:
2116:
2110:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2088:
2083:
2075:
2070:
2062:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
1999:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1880:
1878:Infrastructure
1875:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1808:Eco-capitalism
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1769:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1725:Sustainability
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1696:
1694:
1693:Accountability
1690:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1559:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1531:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1488:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1409:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1351:Sustainability
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1286:Anthropization
1282:
1280:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1239:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1227:
1222:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1209:Sustainability
1205:
1204:
1197:
1190:
1182:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1133:(6): 809–814.
1110:
1083:(6): 809–814.
1063:
1039:
998:
969:(4): 322–329.
948:
929:
922:
902:
895:
874:
835:
790:(2): 160–173.
770:
746:
711:(3): 321–329.
691:
654:(2): 160–173.
634:
595:
571:
545:
484:
477:
443:
402:
371:
346:
345:
343:
340:
339:
338:
332:
327:
320:
317:
290:
287:
265:
262:
234:market economy
214:
211:
201:
198:
185:applications.
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3297:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3260:
3252:
3250:
3242:
3240:
3239:
3234:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3206:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3146:
3145:
3142:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3115:Rubber tapper
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3043:Choker setter
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3006:
3003:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2974:
2971:
2967:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2907:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2882:Manufacturing
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2851:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2719:Deforestation
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2695:Environmental
2693:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2597:
2596:reforestation
2594:
2592:
2591:afforestation
2589:
2588:
2587:
2584:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2400:Arboriculture
2398:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2388:
2384:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2352:Permaforestry
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2305:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2260:
2259:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2233:
2226:
2221:
2219:
2214:
2212:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2148:
2147:
2144:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2113:Earth Charter
2111:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2003:Environmental
2001:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1935:Refurbishment
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1925:Organizations
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1838:Green economy
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1823:Eco-socialism
1821:
1819:
1818:Eco-investing
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1803:Disinvestment
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1758:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1624:Marine energy
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1578:Cultured meat
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1336:Simple living
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1210:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1191:
1189:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1067:
1053:
1049:
1043:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1018:(9): 093004.
1017:
1013:
1009:
1002:
994:
990:
985:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
952:
944:
940:
933:
925:
919:
915:
914:
906:
898:
892:
888:
881:
879:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
839:
831:
827:
822:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
774:
760:
756:
750:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
695:
687:
683:
678:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
638:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
599:
585:
581:
575:
567:
563:
559:
552:
550:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
508:
503:
499:
495:
488:
480:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
447:
438:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
406:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
375:
361:
357:
351:
347:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
322:
316:
313:
308:
304:
303:over drafting
300:
296:
286:
283:
279:
270:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
230:
227:
226:O & C Act
222:
220:
210:
208:
197:
195:
191:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
163:
159:
155:
150:
146:
142:
138:
133:
131:
127:
123:
113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3229:
3215:
3201:
3187:
3173:
3159:
3152:
3130:Tree planter
3110:Resin tapper
3090:Truck driver
3085:River driver
2834:Tree hugging
2819:
2802:
2769:timber mafia
2759:High grading
2744:Ghost forest
2714:Clearcutting
2637:Silviculture
2613:Horticulture
2457:Fire ecology
2372:Urban forest
2347:Mycoforestry
2307:
2303:Agroforestry
2284:
2277:
2270:
2263:
2256:
2251:Forest areas
2249:
2242:
2187:
2180:
2173:
2166:
2154:
2078:
1843:Construction
1766:Applications
1756:
1484:Biodiversity
1243:Anthropocene
1130:
1127:Ground Water
1126:
1113:
1080:
1076:
1066:
1055:. Retrieved
1052:www.usgs.gov
1051:
1042:
1015:
1011:
1001:
966:
962:
951:
942:
938:
932:
912:
905:
886:
852:
848:
838:
787:
783:
773:
762:. Retrieved
758:
749:
708:
704:
694:
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2517:restoration
2472:informatics
2337:Ecoforestry
2059:conferences
1930:Procurement
1873:Development
1773:Advertising
1735:Measurement
1669:Tidal power
1664:Small hydro
1629:Micro hydro
1492:Biosecurity
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1373:Sustainable
1356:Advertising
1278:Consumption
1268:Development
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855:(1): 5–20.
295:groundwater
183:groundwater
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3095:Log scaler
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1950:Sanitation
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1813:Eco-cities
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1057:2023-05-07
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342:References
200:Importance
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2862:Coppicing
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