Sustainable agriculture

7655:"Relocating croplands could drastically reduce the environmental impacts of global food production. The Netherlands utilizes advanced technology in precision agriculture to optimize crop production while minimizing resource use. Farmers employ GPS-guided tractors, drones for monitoring crop health, and sensors for soil moisture and nutrient levels. This data-driven approach allows for targeted interventions, reducing waste and improving efficiency. By applying water, fertilizers, and pesticides only where needed, farmers can significantly reduce environmental impacts and enhance crop yields. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in the 1990s, Cuba faced a severe food crisis. In response, the government promoted urban agriculture, which involves cultivating food within city limits. Community gardens, rooftop farms, and organic production in urban areas have become prevalent. The government provided support for local farmers, leading to the establishment of more than 10,000 urban gardens across the country. This practice reduces transportation costs, minimizes the carbon footprint, and increases access to fresh produce. It also engages communities and strengthens local food systems. This approach focuses on restoring and enhancing soil health, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. Australian farmers employ techniques such as cover cropping, rotational grazing, and reduced tillage. These practices help build soil organic matter, improve water retention, and increase resilience to drought. Regenerative agriculture can lead to increased productivity while also sequestering carbon, thus contributing to climate change mitigation" 2712: 2239:

crops, which can be susceptible to a changing climate. This form of biodiversity causes crops to be more resilient, increasing food security and enhancing the productivity of the field on a long-term scale. The use of biodigestors is another method which converts organic waste into a combustible gas, which can provide several benefits to an ecological farm: it can be used as a fuel source, fertilizer for crops and fish ponds, and serves as a method for removing wastes that are rich in organic matter. Because biodigestors can be used as fertilizer, it reduces the amount of industrial fertilizers that are needed to sustain the yields of the farm. Another technique used is aquaculture integration, which combines fish farming with agricultural farming, using the wastes from animals and crops and diverting them towards the fish farms to be used up instead of being leeched into the environment. Mud from the fish ponds can also be used to fertilize crops.

1875: 1949:. Sustainable intensification encompasses specific agriculture methods that increase production and at the same time help improve environmental outcomes. The desired outcomes of the farm are achieved without the need for more land cultivation or destruction of natural habitat; the system performance is upgraded with no net environmental cost. Sustainable Intensification has become a priority for the United Nations. Sustainable intensification differs from prior intensification methods by specifically placing importance on broader environmental outcomes. By 2018; it was predicted in 100 nations a combined total of 163 million farms used sustainable intensification. The amount of agricultural land covered by this is 453 million ha of land. That amount of land is equal to 29% of farms worldwide. In light of concerns about 1678:: social, environmental, and economic pillars. The social pillar addresses issues related to the conditions in which societies are born into, growing in, and learning from. It deals with shifting away from traditional practices of agricultural and moving into new sustainable practices that will create better societies and conditions. The environmental pillar addresses climate change and focuses on agricultural practices that protect the environment for future generations. The economic pillar discovers ways in which sustainable agriculture can be practiced while fostering economic growth and stability, with minimal disruptions to livelihoods. All three pillars must be addressed to determine and overcome the barriers preventing sustainable agricultural practices. 1906: 2978:

philanthropists, and other which represent a vital alternative to conventional, input-intensive agriculture. In idea these efforts identify 16 SAPSs – including agroforestry, crop rotation, rainwater harvesting, organic farming and natural farming – using agroecology as an investigative lens. In a conclusive understanding it is realised that sustainable agriculture is far from mainstream in India. Further proposals for several measures for promoting SAPSs, including restructured government support and rigorous evidence generation for benefits and implementation of sustainable farming are ongoing progress in Indian Agriculture.

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Phosphorus), and reduces the environmental pressures that are posed by intensive agricultural systems. Precision Agriculture can also be used, which focuses on efficient removal of pests using non-chemical techniques and minimizes the amount of tilling needed to sustain the farm. An example of a precision machine is the false seedbed tiller, which can remove a great majority of small weeds while only tilling one centimeter deep. This minimized tilling reduces the amount of new weeds that germinate from soil disturbance. Other methods that reduce soil erosion include contour farming, strip cropping, and terrace cultivation.

1834:. Both of approaches are similar, but look at the function of agriculture differently. Those that employ the multifunctional agriculture philosophy focus on farm-centered approaches, and define function as being the outputs of agricultural activity. The central argument of multifunctionality is that agriculture is a multifunctional enterprise with other functions aside from the production of food and fiber. These functions include renewable resource management, landscape conservation and biodiversity. The ecosystem service-centered approach posits that individuals and society as a whole receive benefits from 10155: 2703:

substances used around the produce, the maintenance needed to protect the produce, and any nonorganic products that may come in contact with the produce. The organic system plan is then reviewed and inspected by the USDA certifying agent. Once the certification is granted, the produce receives an approval sticker from the USDA and the produce is distributed across the U.S. In order to hold farmers accountable and ensure that Americans are receiving organic produce, these inspections are done at least once a year. This is just one example of sustainable certification systems through produce maintenance.

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not heavily compete for resources, which helps them to each be successful. For example, many tribes utilized intercropping in ways such as the Three Sisters Garden. This gardening technique consists of corn, beans, and squash. These crops grow in unity as the corn stalk supports the beans, the beans produce nitrogen, and the squash retain moisture. Intercropping also provides a natural strategy for pest management and the prevention of weed growth. Intercropping is a natural agricultural practice that often improves the overall health of the soil and plants, increases crop yield, and is sustainable.

1239:: "About a quarter of the Earth's ice-free land area is subject to human-induced degradation (medium confidence). Soil erosion from agricultural fields is estimated to be currently 10 to 20 times (no tillage) to more than 100 times (conventional tillage) higher than the soil formation rate (medium confidence)." Almost half of the land on earth is covered with dry land, which is susceptible to degradation. Over a billion tonnes of southern Africa's soil are being lost to erosion annually, which if continued will result in halving of crop yields within thirty to fifty years. Improper 12986: 173: 2695:

from farmers to retailers. Certifications and labels are used to signal the successful implementation of a VSS. According to the ITC standards map the mostly covered products by standards are agricultural products. Around 500 VSS today apply to key exports of many developing countries, such as coffee, tea, bananas, cocoa, palm oil, timber, cotton, and organic agri-foods. VSS are found to reduce eutrophication, water use, greenhouse gas emissions, and natural ecosystem conversion. And thus are considered as a potential tool for sustainable agriculture.

965: 13747: 1560: 3094: 1969:. The capacity for ecosystem services to be strong enough to allow a reduction in use of non-renewable inputs whilst maintaining or boosting yields has been the subject of much debate. Recent work in irrigated rice production system of east Asia has suggested that – in relation to pest management at least – promoting the ecosystem service of biological control using nectar plants can reduce the need for insecticides by 70% whilst delivering a 5% yield advantage compared with standard practice. 1221: 2660: 3080: 3052: 806: 2720:

that sustainable agriculture must be integrated into national and international policy. The Commission stressed that increasing weather variability and climate shocks will negatively affect agricultural yields, necessitating early action to drive change in agricultural production systems towards increasing resilience. It also called for dramatically increased investments in sustainable agriculture in the next decade, including in national research and development budgets,

1000: 31: 1169:. It is the second most important nutrient for plants after nitrogen, and is often a limiting factor. It is important for sustainable agriculture as it can improve soil fertility and crop yields. Phosphorus is involved in all major metabolic processes including photosynthesis, energy transfer, signal transduction, macromolecular biosynthesis, and respiration. It is needed for root ramification and strength and seed formation, and can increase disease resistance. 13540: 12998: 11883: 10858: 2529: 1686: 10870: 1743: 11895: 1682:

farmers is necessary to successfully transition to sustainable practices with minimal complications. This can be seen as a challenge for farmers who care about competition and profitability. There must also be an incentive for farmers to change their methods of agriculture. The use of public policy, advertisements, and laws that make sustainable agriculture mandatory or desirable can be utilized to overcome these social barriers.

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and material capital required to shift to sustainable methods of agriculture requires training of the workforce and making investments in new technology and products, which comes at a high cost. In addition to this, farmers practicing conventional agriculture can mass produce their crops, and therefore maximize their profitability. This would be difficult to do in sustainable agriculture which encourages low production capacity.

3066: 2418: 2336: 13022: 10894: 2736:, 45 countries pledged to give more than 4 billion dollars for transition to sustainable agriculture. The organization "Slow Food" expressed concern about the effectivity of the spendings, as they concentrate on technological solutions and reforestation en place of "a holistic agroecology that transforms food from a mass-produced commodity into part of a sustainable system that works within natural boundaries." 5883: 13528: 13010: 10882: 9587: 2690:, Bird Friendly, and the Common Code for the Coffee Community (4C). These standards specify rules that producers, manufacturers and traders need to follow so that the things they do, make, or grow do not hurt people and the environment. These standards are also known as Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS) that are private standards that require products to meet specific economic, social or 3623: 2072: 2575:“an effective tool to promote sustainable agriculture, ensure sustainable production patterns, combat climate change and halt and reverse land degradation and biodiversity loss.” They further point out that most of permaculture’s most common methods, such as agroforestry, polycultures, and water harvesting features are also backed by peer-reviewed research. 880:

provide enough resources for everyone led to the adoption of technology within the sustainability field to increase farm productivity. The ideal end result of this advancement is the ability to feed ever-growing populations across the world. The growing popularity of sustainable agriculture is connected to the wide-reaching fear that the planet's

3023:. The term became popular in the late 1980s. There was an international symposium on sustainability in horticulture by the International Society of Horticultural Science at the International Horticultural Congress in Toronto in 2002. At the following conference at Seoul in 2006, the principles were discussed further. 2999:

In 2012, the Israeli Ministry of Agriculture found itself at the height of the Israeli commitment to sustainable agriculture policy. A large factor of this policy was funding programs that made sustainable agriculture accessible to smaller Palestinian-Arab communities. The program was meant to create

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Hydroponics is an alternative to agriculture that creates the ideal environment for optimal growth without using a dormant medium. This innovative farming technique produces higher crop yields without compromising soil health. The most significant drawback of this sustainable farming technique is the

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into their agriculture, which is a practice where multiple crops are planted together in the same area. This strategy allows crops to help one another grow through exchanged nutrients, maintained soil moisture, and physical supports for one another. The crops that are paired in intercropping often do

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claims almost all modern technology is bad and that there cannot be sustainability unless agriculture is done in ancient traditional ways. Efforts toward more sustainable agriculture are supported in the sustainability community, however, these are often viewed only as incremental steps and not as an

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Potassium is a macronutrient very important for plant development and is commonly sought in fertilizers. This nutrient is essential for agriculture because it improves water retention, nutrient value, yield, taste, color, texture and disease resistance of crops. It is often used in the cultivation of

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In November, the Climate Action Tracker reported that global efforts are on track to for a 2.7 °C temperature increase with current policies, finding that the current targets will not meet global needs as coal and natural gas consumption are primarily responsible for the gap in progress. Since,

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suggests that most of what passes for permaculture has no relevance to real problems. Defenders of permaculture reply that researchers have concluded it to be a “sustainable alternative to conventional agriculture,” that it “strongly” enhances carbon stocks, soil quality, and biodiversity, making it

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tribes follow an ideology known as "the Honorable Harvest". The Honorable Harvest is a set of practices that emphasize the idea that people should "take only what you need and use everything you take." Resources are conserved through this practice because several rules are followed when harvesting a

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Other forms of traditional agriculture include agro forestry, crop rotations, and water harvesting. Water harvesting is one of the largest and most common practices, particularly used in dry areas and seasons. In Ethiopia, over half of their GDP and over 80 percent of their exports are attributed to

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Design of the ecological farm is initially constrained by the same limitations as conventional farming: local climate, the soil's physical properties, budget for beneficial soil supplements, manpower and available automatons; however long-term water management by ecological farming methods is likely

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Most agricultural professionals agree that there is a "moral obligation to pursue goal sustainability." The major debate comes from what system will provide a path to that goal because if an unsustainable method is used on a large scale it will have a massive negative effect on the environment and

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The economic obstacles to implementing sustainable agricultural practices include low financial return/profitability, lack of financial incentives, and negligible capital investments. Financial incentives and circumstances play a large role in whether sustainable practices will be adopted. The human

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techniques can turn salt water into fresh water which allows greater access to water for areas with a limited supply. This allows the irrigation of crops without decreasing natural fresh water sources. While desalination can be a tool to provide water to areas that need it to sustain agriculture, it

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Indicators for sustainable water resource development include the average annual flow of rivers from rainfall, flows from outside a country, the percentage of water coming from outside a country, and gross water withdrawal. It is estimated that agricultural practices consume 69% of the world's fresh

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so they can adapt in an environment with little water. This is beneficial as it reduces the need for irrigation and helps conserve water. Although they have been extensively researched, significant results have not been achieved as most of the successful species will have no overall impact on water

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and the effects of climate change. Pesticides are widely used to combat pests that can devastate production and plays a significant role in keeping food prices and production costs low. To move toward sustainable agriculture, farmers are encouraged to utilize green pesticides, which cause less harm

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implemented policies and programs that promoted sustainable agriculture. Under the Agriculture Adjustment Act of 1933, it provided farmers payments to create a supply management regime that capped production of important crops. This allowed farmers to focus on growing food and not competing in the

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metrics. The requirements can refer to product quality or attributes, but also to production and processing methods, as well as transportation. VSS are mostly designed and marketed by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) or private firms and they are adopted by actors up and down the value chain,

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One foreseeable option is to develop specialized automata to scan and respond to soil and plant situations relative to intensive care for the soil and the plants. Accordingly, conversion to ecological farming may best utilize the information age, and become recognised as a primary user of robotics

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There are a plethora of methods and techniques that are employed when practicing ecological farming, all having their own unique benefits and implementations that lead to more sustainable agriculture. Crop genetic diversity is one method that is used to reduce the risks associated with monoculture

1886:, growing a diverse number of perennial crops in a single field, each of which would grow in separate seasons so as not to compete with each other for natural resources. This system would result in increased resistance to diseases and decreased effects of erosion and loss of nutrients in the soil. 1681:

Social barriers to sustainable agriculture include cultural shifts, the need for collaboration, incentives, and new legislation. The move from conventional to sustainable agriculture will require significant behavioural changes from both farmers and consumers. Cooperation and collaboration between

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Bill Mollison, often called the 'father of permaculture,' worked with indigenous people in his native Tasmania and worldwide, and credits them with inspiring his work. "I believe that unless we adopt sophisticated aboriginal belief systems and learn respect for all life, then we lose our own," he

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that combine knowledge of traditional practices with new innovations and technology implementation. The purpose of this program was to invest in sustainable farming throughout the country and increase food production while achieving few negative environmental effects. The program was ultimately

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continued commodity loan programs. These policies incentivized profit over sustainability because the US government was promoting farms to maximize their production output instead of placing checks. This meant that farms were being turned into food factories as they became bigger in size and grew

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The coronavirus crisis has shown how vulnerable we all are, and how important it is to restore the balance between human activity and nature. At the heart of the Green Deal the Biodiversity and Farm to Fork strategies point to a new and better balance of nature, food systems, and biodiversity; to

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Sustainable agriculture is a topic in international policy concerning its potential to reduce environmental risks. In 2011, the Commission on Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change, as part of its recommendations for policymakers on achieving food security in the face of climate change, urged

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produces an organic label that is supported by nationalized standards of farmers and facilities. The steps for certification consist of creating an organic system plan, which determines how produce will be tilled, grazed, harvested, stored, and transported. This plan also manages and monitors the

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Permaculture has been criticised as being poorly defined and unscientific. Critics have pushed for less reliance on anecdote and extrapolation from ecological first principles, in favor of peer-reviewed research to substantiate productivity claims and to clarify methodology. Peter Harper from the

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Native Americans in the United States practiced sustainable agriculture through their subsistence farming techniques. Many tribes grew or harvested their own food from plants that thrived in their local ecosystems. Native American farming practices are specific to local environments and work with

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from legumes, for example, used in conjunction with plants that rely on nitrate from the soil for growth, helps to allow the land to be reused annually. Legumes will grow for a season and replenish the soil with ammonium and nitrate, and the next season other plants can be seeded and grown in the

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The use of KCl leads to high concentrations of chloride (Clˉ) in soil harming its health due to the increase in soil salinity, imbalance in nutrient availability and this ion's biocidal effect for soil organisms. In consequences the development of plants and soil organisms is affected, putting at

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A common consensus is that sustainable farming is the most realistic way to feed growing populations. In order to successfully feed the population of the planet, farming practices must consider future costs–to both the environment and the communities they fuel. The risk of not being able to

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had the potential to wipe out 90% of yield, they decided to explore GMOs as a possible solution. The government issued the National Biotechnology and Biosafety bill, which will allow scientists that are part of the National Banana Research Program to start experimenting with genetically modified

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Phosphorus is found in the soil in both inorganic and organic forms and makes up approximately 0.05% of soil biomass. Phosphorus fertilizers are the main input of inorganic phosphorus in agricultural soils and approximately 70%–80% of phosphorus in cultivated soils is inorganic. Long-term use of

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methods of farming that allow the production of crops or livestock without causing damage to human or natural systems. It involves preventing adverse effects on soil, water, biodiversity, and surrounding or downstream resources, as well as to those working or living on the farm or in neighboring

2461:. Often, the remaining ash from these burns would be used to fertilize their crops. By improving the conditions of the forest, the local wildlife populations also increased. Native Americans allowed their livestock to graze in the forest, which provided natural fertilizer for the trees as well. 2325:

Apply the value of a knowledge-base (advanced data base) about soil microorganisms so that discoveries of the ecological benefits of having various kinds of microorganisms encouraged in productive systems such as Forest Gardens can be assessed and optimised; for example in the case of naturally

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association between plants and fungi, which are well-equipped to absorb nutrients, including phosphorus, in soil. These fungi can increase nutrient uptake in soil where phosphorus has been fixed by aluminum, calcium, and iron. Mycorrhizae can also release organic acids that solubilize otherwise

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frameworks include social and environmental alongside a financial bottom line. A sustainable future can be feasible if growth in material consumption and population is slowed down and if there is a drastic increase in the efficiency of material and energy use. To make that transition, long- and

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In collaboration with the Food and Land Use Coalition (FOLU), CEEW (council for energy, environment and water), has given an overview of the current state of sustainable agriculture practices and systems (SAPSs) in India. India is aiming to scale-up SAPs, through policymakers, administrators,

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which is a nonprofit founded by educator Pragati Chaswal. It started by teaching primary school children about sustainable farming by helping them farm on small farm strips in suburban farmhouses and gardens. Today many government and private schools in Delhi, India have adopted the sowgood

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Developing sustainable food systems contributes to the sustainability of the human population. For example, one of the best ways to mitigate climate change is to create sustainable food systems based on sustainable agriculture. Sustainable agriculture provides a potential solution to enable

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Organic Fertilizers can also be employed in an ecological farm, such as animal and green manure. This allows soil fertility to be improved and well-maintained, leads to reduced costs and increased yields, reduces the usage of non-renewable resources in industrial fertilizers (Nitrogen and

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more effective is to add microbial inoculates such as phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms, known as PSMs, to the soil. These solubilize phosphorus already in the soil and use processes like organic acid production and ion exchange reactions to make that phosphorus available for plants.

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and commons to share and redistribute resources like land, food, equipment, research facilities, personnel, and training programs. All of these policies and programs would break down barriers that have prevented sustainable farmers and agriculture from taking place in the United States.

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and thus help mitigate soil erosion, and may sometimes tolerate drought better, increase water quality and help increase soil organic matter. There are research programs attempting to develop perennial substitutes for existing annual crops, such as replacing wheat with the wild grass

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varieties. Such varieties are being developed for rice, wheat, sorghum, barley, and sunflowers. If these can be combined in polyculture with a leguminous cover crop such as alfalfa, fixation of nitrogen will be added to the system, reducing the need for fertilizer and pesticides.

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Brooker, Rob W.; Bennett, Alison E.; Cong, Wen-Feng; Daniell, Tim J.; George, Timothy S.; Hallett, Paul D.; Hawes, Cathy; Iannetta, Pietro P. M.; Jones, Hamlyn G.; Karley, Alison J.; Li, Long; McKenzie, Blair M.; Pakeman, Robin J.; Paterson, Eric; Schöb, Christian (April 2015).

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Renting, H.; Rossing, W.A.H.; Groot, J.C.J; Van der Ploeg, J.D.; Laurent, C.; Perraud, D.; Stobbelaar, D.J.; Van Ittersum, M.K. (2009-05-01). "Exploring multifunctional agriculture. A review of conceptual approaches and prospects for an integrative transitional framework".

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biodiversity, train farmers in sustainable agriculture methods, and hold regular meetings for agriculture stakeholders. This plan was not well-accepted by all as opposers argue that the plan creates a new social construct and a tool for the government to hold more power.

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in the early 1800s, but has become increasingly important recently. Starting at the very end of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, this issue became widely discussed in the U.S. because of growing anxieties of a rapidly increasing global population.

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that is sustainable or even regenerative. To enter the field of ecological farming, location relative to the consumer, can reduce the food miles factor to help minimise damage to the biosphere by combustion engine emissions involved in current food transportation.

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has long been the biggest industry worldwide and requires significant land, water, and labor inputs. At the turn of the twenty-first century, experts questioned the industry's ability to keep up with population growth. This debate led to concerns over global

2915:. This policy promotes decentralizing agrarian governance by breaking up large commodity farms that were created in the 1950s to 1980s. Decentralized governance within the farming community would allow for more adaptive management at local levels to help focus on 2199:

an integrated farming system that strives for sustainability, the enhancement of soil fertility and biological diversity whilst, with rare exceptions, prohibiting synthetic pesticides, antibiotics, synthetic fertilizers, genetically modified organisms, and growth

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destruction. In Asia, the specific amount of land needed for sustainable farming is about 12.5 acres which include land for animal fodder, cereal production as a cash crop, and other food crops. In some cases, a small unit of aquaculture is included (AARI-1996).

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It "considers long-term as well as short-term economics because sustainability is readily defined as forever, that is, agricultural environments that are designed to promote endless regeneration". It balances the need for resource conservation with the needs of

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reduction within agricultural communities is sustainable economic growth; the most important aspect of this policy is to regularly include the poorest farmers in the economy-wide development through the stabilization of small-scale agricultural economies.

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and low-pressure pivots, have made it possible to regularly achieve high crop yields in areas where reliance on rainfall alone had previously made successful agriculture unpredictable. However, this progress has come at a price. In many areas, such as the

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This focus in permaculture on learning from indigenous, tribal and cultures of place is based on the evidence that these cultures have existed in relative balance with their environment, and survived for longer than any of our more recent experiments in

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agriculture; yet, it is known for its intense droughts and dry periods. Rain water harvesting is considered to be a low-cost alternative. This type of harvesting collects and stores water from roof tops during high-rain periods for use during droughts.

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also provided a monetary incentive for farmers that left some of their fields unsown or ungrazed to order to improve the soil conditions. The Cooperative Extension Service was also established that set up sharing funding responsibilities amongst the

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According to the UC Davis Agricultural Sustainability Institute, several steps must be taken to develop drought-resistant farming systems even in "normal" years with average rainfall. These measures include both policy and management actions:

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Carlisle, Liz; de Wit, Maywa Montenegro; DeLonge, Marcia S.; Calo, Adam; Getz, Christy; Ory, Joanna; Munden-Dixon, Katherine; Galt, Ryan; Melone, Brett; Knox, Reggie; Iles, Alastair (2019-01-01). Kapuscinski, Anne R.; Méndez, Ernesto (eds.).

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of neighboring rivers. A variant in Indonesia combines rice, fish, ducks and water fern; the ducks eat the weeds that would otherwise limit rice growth, saving labour and herbicides, while the duck and fish manure substitute for fertilizer.

4560: 1574:, the number of women farm operators has tripled. In 2007, women operated 14 percent of farms, compared to five percent in 1978. Much of the growth is due to women farming outside of the "male dominated field of conventional agriculture". 1153:

that are adapted to less than ideal conditions such as pests, drought, or lack of nutrients. Crops that require high levels of soil nutrients can be cultivated in a more sustainable manner with appropriate fertilizer management practices.

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plant. These rules are to never take the first plant, never take more than half of the plants, and never take the last plant. This encourages future growth of the plant and therefore leads to a sustainable use of the plants in the area.

2176:, or possible experimental hybrids of it and wheat. Being able to do all of this without the use of chemicals is one of the main goals of sustainability which is why crop rotation is a very central method of sustainable agriculture. 1710:

which can cause losses in production, resulting in the reluctance to switch from conventional practices. Many environmental benefits are also not visible or immediately evident. Significant changes such as lower rates of soil and

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Looking back over the 20th century shows that for people in poverty, following environmentally sound land practices has not always been a viable option due to many complex and challenging life circumstances. Currently, increased

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Pereira, David Gabriel Campos; Santana, Isadora Alves; Megda, Marcio Mahmoud; Megda, Michele Xavier Vieira; Pereira, David Gabriel Campos; Santana, Isadora Alves; Megda, Marcio Mahmoud; Megda, Michele Xavier Vieira (2019).

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Huang, Jiao; Tichit, Muriel; Poulot, Monique; Darly, Ségolène; Li, Shuangcheng; Petit, Caroline; Aubry, Christine (2014-10-16). "Comparative review of multifunctionality and ecosystem services in sustainable agriculture".

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on factors such as soil erosion can support long-term agricultural sustainability, as shown by a study of Wadi Ziqlab, a dry area in the Middle East where farmers graze livestock and grow olives, vegetables, and grains.

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Powlson, D.S.; Gregory, P.J.; Whalley, W.R.; Quinton, J.N.; Hopkins, D.W.; Whitmore, A.P.; Hirsch, P.R.; Goulding, K.W.T. (2011-01-01). "Soil management in relation to sustainable agriculture and ecosystem services".

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Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change and Land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial

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Charles Kellogg has stated that, "In a final effort, exploited people pass their suffering to the land." Sustainable agriculture mean the ability to permanently and continuously "feed its constituent populations".

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A farm that can "produce perpetually", yet has negative effects on environmental quality elsewhere is not sustainable agriculture. An example of a case in which a global view may be warranted is the application of

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Bertschinger, L. et al. (eds) (2004). Conclusions from the 1st Symposium on Sustainability in Horticulture and a Declaration for the 21st Century. In: Proc. XXVI IHC – Sustainability of Horticultural Systems.

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Forestry summary report / [prepared by U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service, Economic Research Service, Forest Service, in cooperation with Montana Department of Natural Resources and

41:(an example of sustainable agriculture) in imitation of natural ecosystems. Trees provide resources for the coffee plants such as shade, nutrients, and soil structure; the farmers harvest coffee and timber. 6729: 2430:, and it involves a deep understanding of the local environment. Native American farming techniques also incorporate local biodiversity into many of their practices, which helps the land remain healthy. 1818:

can be attained through a variety of strategies, from the view that state-led modification of the industrial system like conservation-oriented farming systems should be implemented, to the argument that

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requires money and resources. Regions of China have been considering large scale desalination in order to increase access to water, but the current cost of the desalination process makes it impractical.

1508:. There has been evidence provided by developing nations from the early 2000s stating that when people in their communities are not factored into the agricultural process that serious harm is done. The 2125:

could substantially decrease the current carbon, biodiversity, and irrigation water footprint of global crop production, with relocation only within national borders also having substantial potential.

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protect our people's health and well-being, and at the same time to increase the EU's competitiveness and resilience. These strategies are a crucial part of the great transition we are embarking upon.

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raised fields, which create nutrient-rich soil in regions where such soil is scarce. This method is extremely productive and has recently been utilized by indigenous groups in the area and the nearby

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Xia, Yinfeng; Zhang, Ming; Tsang, Daniel C. W.; Geng, Nan; Lu, Debao; Zhu, Lifang; Igalavithana, Avanthi Deshani; Dissanayake, Pavani Dulanja; Rinklebe, Jörg; Yang, Xiao; Ok, Yong Sik (2020-02-04).

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is also a rapidly growing barrier, one that farmers have little control over, which can be seen through place-based barriers. These place-based barriers include factors such as weather conditions,

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due to farming while increasing crop–and thus food–output. There are many varying strategies attempting to use sustainable farming practices in order to increase rural economic development within

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Carlisle, Liz; Montenegro de Wit, Maywa; DeLonge, Marcia S.; Iles, Alastair; Calo, Adam; Getz, Christy; Ory, Joanna; Munden-Dixon, Katherine; Galt, Ryan; Melone, Brett; Knox, Reggie (2019-11-01).

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Ehrlich, Paul R., et al. “Food Security, Population and Environment.” Population and Development Review, vol. 19, no. 1, 1993, pp. 27. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/2938383. Accessed 19 March 2021.

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Ehrlich, Paul R., et al. “Food Security, Population and Environment.” Population and Development Review, vol. 19, no. 1, 1993, pp. 1. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/2938383. Accessed 19 March 2021.

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Lal, R. (2008). Sustainable Horticulture and Resource Management. In: Proc. XXVII IHC-S11 Sustainability through Integrated and Organic Horticulture. Eds.-in-Chief: R.K. Prange and S.D. Bishop.

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Nitrates are used widely in farming as fertilizer. Unfortunately, a major environmental problem associated with agriculture is the leaching of nitrates into the environment. Possible sources of

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and agricultural productivity. A sustainable option for replacing KCl are chloride-free fertilizers, its use should take into account plants' nutrition needs, and the promotion of soil health.

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may contribute to sustainable agriculture. A meta-analysis of a number of polycrop studies found that predator insect biodiversity was higher at comparable yields than conventional in certain

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the advantages of sustainable agriculture and warned that such practices would be vital to farming in the future. The phrase 'sustainable agriculture' was reportedly coined by the Australian

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The last option was proposed in the 1970s, but is only gradually becoming feasible. Sustainable options for replacing other nutrient inputs such as phosphorus and potassium are more limited.

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Not all regions are suitable for agriculture. The technological advancement of the past few decades has allowed agriculture to develop in some of these regions. For example, Nepal has built

1358:

In modern agriculture, energy is used in on-farm mechanisation, food processing, storage, and transportation processes. It has therefore been found that energy prices are closely linked to

1763:. Incorporating local produce and agricultural education into schools, communities, and institutions can promote the consumption of freshly grown produce which will drive consumer demand. 8748:

Bill Mollison and a younger David Holmgren, who were studying the unstable and unsustainable characteristics of Western industrialized culture They were drawn to indigenous worldviews...

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Cordell, Dana & Stuart White 2011. Review: Peak Phosphorus: Clarifying the Key Issues of a Vigorous Debate about Long-Term Phosphorus Security. Sustainability 2011, 3(10), 2027-2049;

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Shaffer, Devin; Yip, Ngai (2012-10-01). "Seawater desalination for agriculture by integrated forward and reverse osmosis: Improved product water quality for potentially less energy".

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ways meeting society's present food and textile needs, without compromising the ability for current or future generations to meet their needs. It can be based on an understanding of

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Ecological farming involves the introduction of symbiotic species, where possible, to support the ecological sustainability of the farm. Associated benefits include a reduction in

2219:

Ecological farming is a concept that focused on the environmental aspects of sustainable agriculture. Ecological farming includes all methods, including organic, which regenerate

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may produce the most sustainable products available for consumers in the US, where no other alternatives exist, although the focus of the organics industry is not sustainability.

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Mitchell, Jeffrey P.; Singh, Purnendu N.; Wallender, Wesley W.; Munk, Daniel S.; Wroble, Jon F.; Horwath, William R.; Hogan, Philip; Roy, Robert; Hanson, Blaine R. (April 2012).

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KAUR, Gurdeep; REDDY, Mondem Sudhakara (2015). "Effects of Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria, Rock Phosphate and Chemical Fertilizers on Maize-Wheat Cropping Cycle and Economics".

4642:"Recent revisions of phosphate rock reserves and resources: reassuring or misleading? An in-depth literature review of global estimates of phosphate rock reserves and resources" 2747:

like-minded developing countries asked for an addendum to the agreement that removed the obligation for developing countries to meet the same requirements of wealthy nations.

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Yet the idea of having a sustainable relationship with the land has been prevalent in indigenous communities for centuries before the term was formally added to the lexicon.

3978:"Recent advances in control technologies for non-point source pollution with nitrogen and phosphorous (sic) from agricultural runoff: current practices and future prospects" 7564: 1480:

communities. Two of the most popular and opposing strategies within the modern discourse are allowing unrestricted markets to determine food production and deeming food a

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Smith, W. K.; Nelson, E.; Johnson, J. A.; Polasky, S.; Milder, J. C.; Gerber, J. S.; West, P. C.; Siebert, S.; Brauman, K. A.; Carlson, K. M.; Arbuthnot, M. (2019-02-05).

9016:

Iverson, Aaron L.; Marín, Linda E.; Ennis, Katherine K.; Gonthier, David J.; Connor-Barrie, Benjamin T.; Remfert, Jane L.; Cardinale, Bradley J.; Perfecto, Ivette (2014).

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As the global population increases and demand for food increases, there is pressure on land as a resource. In land-use planning and management, considering the impacts of

6995:

Tilman, David; Cassman, Kenneth G.; Matson, Pamela A.; Naylor, Rosamond; Polasky, Stephen (2002-08-08). "Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices".

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is a concept with the potential advantages of year-round production, isolation from pests and diseases, controllable resource recycling and reduced transportation costs.

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can be used as an alternative to chemicals for soil sterilization. Different methods are available to induce steam into the soil to kill pests and increase soil health.

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are the most amenable to human intervention. When farmers grow and harvest crops, they remove some nutrients from the soil. Without replenishment, the land suffers from

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Rieff, David. “The Reproach of Hunger: Food, Justice, and Money in the Twenty-First Century.” Population and Development Review, vol. 42, no. 1, 2016, pp. 145. JSTOR,

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Rieff, David. “The Reproach of Hunger: Food, Justice, and Money in the Twenty-First Century.” Population and Development Review, vol. 42, no. 1, 2016, pp. 146. JSTOR,

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Rockström, Johan; Williams, John; Daily, Gretchen; Noble, Andrew; Matthews, Nathanial; Gordon, Line; Wetterstrand, Hanna; DeClerck, Fabrice; Shah, Mihir (2016-05-13).

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Petersen, S. O.; Sommer, S. G.; Béline, F.; Burton, C.; Dach, J.; Dourmad, J. Y.; Leip, A.; Misselbrook, T.; Nicholson, F.; Poulsen, H. D.; Provolo, G. (2007-12-01).

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In 2018 the sales of organic products in USA reach $ 52.5 billion According to a USDA survey two-thirds of Americans consume organic products at least occasionally.

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The barriers to sustainable agriculture can be broken down and understood through three different dimensions. These three dimensions are seen as the core pillars to

2895:) provides technical and financial assistance for those interested in pursuing natural resource conservation along with production agriculture. With programs like 9488:

Geiges, Andreas; Fyson, Claire; Hans, Frederic; Jeffery, Louise; Mooldijk, Silke; Gidden, Matthew; Ramapope, Deborah; Hare, Bill; Stockwell, Claire (2021-03-04).

3876:"Effects of tillage, mulching and N management on yield, water productivity, N uptake and residual soil nitrate in a long-term wheat-summer maize cropping system" 5012:

Cruz, Jailson Lopes; Pelacani, Claudinéia Regina; Coelho, Eugênio Ferreira; Caldas, Ranulfo Correa; Almeida, Adriana Queiroz de; Queiroz, Jurema Rosa de (2006).

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Crop residues left covering the surface of the soil may result in reduced evaporation of water, a lower surface soil temperature, and reduction of wind effects.

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from wind and water. Effective crop rotation can reduce pest pressure on crops, provides weed control, reduces disease build up, and improves the efficiency of

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In May 2020 the European Union published a program, named "From Farm to Fork" for making its agriculture more sustainable. In the official page of the program

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are hidden and "externalized". Conventional agricultural practices since the evolution of technology have caused significant damage to the environment through

1204:

Potassium chloride (KCl) represents the most widely source of K used in agriculture, accounting for 90% of all potassium produced for agricultural use.

7800:

Global plan of action for the conservation and sustainable utilization of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture ; and, The Leipzig declaration

1313:

in developing countries may be connected with rural poverty among smallholder farmers when forced into unsustainable agricultural practices out of necessity.

7912: 6340:"Farm types and farmer motivations to adapt: Implications for design of sustainable agricultural interventions in the rubber plantations of South West China" 6245:

Netting, Robert McC. (1993) Smallholders, Householders: Farm Families and the Ecology of Intensive, Sustainable Agriculture. Stanford Univ. Press, Palo Alto.

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to deal with its high altitude and mountainous regions. Greenhouses allow for greater crop production and also use less water since they are closed systems.

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Reiff, Julius; Jungkunst, Hermann F.; Mauser, Ken M.; Kampel, Sophie; Regending, Sophie; Rösch, Verena; Zaller, Johann G.; Entling, Martin H. (2024-07-04).

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like corn, wheat, and cotton. From 1900 to 2002, the number of farms in the US decreased significantly while the average size of a farm went up after 1950.

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Solving agricultural and natural resource problems through the cooperation and collaboration of people with different skills. The problems tackled include

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proven to be successful, and the study found that the merging of traditional practices and appropriate technology was instrumental in higher crop yields.

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removed price supports and instead introduced target prices and deficiency payments. It continued to promote commodity crops by lowering interest rates.

2762: 1324:) due to the degradation of natural buffers between humans and animals, reducing biodiversity and creating larger groups of genetically similar animals. 5731: 2711: 13576: 12634: 11797: 4182:"Are we there yet? The long walk towards the development of efficient symbiotic associations between nitrogen-fixing bacteria and non-leguminous crops" 2666:

Certification systems are important to the agriculture community and to consumers as these standards determine the sustainability of produce. Numerous

2567:, who formulated the concept in opposition to modern industrialized methods, instead adopting a more traditional or "natural" approach to agriculture. 8008: 9252: 5500: 1874: 10163: 8760: 6338:

Hammond, James; van Wijk, Mark T.; Smajgl, Alex; Ward, John; Pagella, Tim; Xu, Jianchu; Su, Yufang; Yi, Zhuangfang; Harrison, Rhett D. (June 2017).

5332:"Effects of land-use changes and soil conservation intervention on soil properties as indicators for land degradation under a Mediterranean climate" 1600:, so that in one point of time 40% of the vegetables of the USA was produced in this way. The practice became more popular again in the time of the 1472:

Sustainable agriculture attempts to solve multiple problems with one broad solution. The goal of sustainable agricultural practices is to decrease

861:

make the most efficient use of nonrenewable resources and on-farm resources and integrate, where appropriate, natural biological cycles and controls

13026: 12060: 9390:"Achieving food security in the face of climate change: Summary for policymakers from the Commission on Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change" 9568: 1504:

in Africa", stating that using sustainable agriculture could be a tool in reaching global food security without expanding land usage and reducing

2867: 2800: 96:

and other processes; it is simultaneously causing environmental changes and being impacted by these changes. Sustainable agriculture consists of

1802:

There is a debate on the definition of sustainability regarding agriculture. The definition could be characterized by two different approaches:

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The practice of growing food in the backyard of houses, schools, etc., by families or by communities became widespread in the US at the time of

1374:

unless action is taken to 'decouple' fossil fuel energy from food production, with a move towards 'energy-smart' agricultural systems including

11822: 10843: 10498: 10461: 9804: 5014:"Influência da salinidade sobre o crescimento, absorção e distribuição de sódio, cloro e macronutrientes em plântulas de maracujazeiro-amarelo" 2896: 1370:

projects higher prices of non-renewable energy resources as a result of fossil fuel resources being depleted. It may therefore decrease global

1054:). The other extreme can also be undesirable, as the problem of low crop yields due to exhaustion of nutrients in the soil has been related to 727: 687: 205: 8650: 6294:

Barbosa Junior, Moisés; Pinheiro, Eliane; Sokulski, Carla Cristiane; Ramos Huarachi, Diego Alexis; de Francisco, Antonio Carlos (2022-10-15).

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Hue, N.V.; Silva, J.A. (2000). "Organic Soil Amendments for Sustainable Agriculture: Organic Sources of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium".

1516:

There are a lot of opportunities that can increase farmers' profits, improve communities, and continue sustainable practices. For example, in

11121: 8162: 7986: 2733: 8791: 3427:"Position of the Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior: The Importance of Including Environmental Sustainability in Dietary Guidance" 10196: 7602: 7248:

Gurr, Geoff M.; et al. (2016). "Multi-country evidence that crop diversification promotes ecological intensification of agriculture".

5688:

Majeed, Yaqoob; Khan, Muhammad Usman; Waseem, Muhammad; Zahid, Umair; Mahmood, Faisal; Majeed, Faizan; Sultan, Muhammad; Raza, Ali (2023).

1643: 1316:

Converting big parts of the land surface to agriculture has severe environmental and health consequences. For example, it leads to rise in

9854:"Science and Technology Backyard: A novel approach to empower smallholder farmers for sustainable intensification of agriculture in China" 918:

Using the expertise of farmers to both productively work the land as well as to promote the self-reliance and self-sufficiency of farmers.

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Environmental barriers prevent the ability to protect and conserve the natural ecosystem. Examples of these barriers include the use of

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Phong, L. T.; van Dam, A. A.; Udo, H. M. J.; van Mensvoort, M. E. F.; Tri, L. Q.; Steenstra, F. A.; van der Zijpp, A. J. (2010-08-15).

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Vieira Megda, Michele Xavier; Mariano, Eduardo; Leite, José Marcos; Megda, Marcio Mahmoud; Ocheuze Trivelin, Paulo Cesar (2014-05-01).

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Oftentimes, the execution of sustainable practices within farming comes through the adoption of technology and environmentally-focused

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agricultural systems to feed a growing population within the changing environmental conditions. Besides sustainable farming practices,

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which seek to establish an economic cost-benefit analysis on the practice of sustainable land management and sustainable agriculture.

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Sun, Zhongxiao; Scherer, Laura; Tukker, Arnold; Spawn-Lee, Seth A.; Bruckner, Martin; Gibbs, Holly K.; Behrens, Paul (January 2022).

1814:

techniques with the goal of changing consumption patterns, and resource allocation and usage. The technocentric approach argues that

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has been a large practice to help the country survive by focusing on runoff irrigation, roof water harvesting, and flood spreading.

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as an integrated system of plant and animal production practices having a site-specific application that will, over the long term:

13402: 13093: 12823: 11947: 10931: 10811: 10755: 7300: 3234: 1647: 1405:) and must not use more water from their source than is naturally replenishable. Otherwise, the water source effectively becomes a 789: 4839: 2964:

funded research into Science and Technology Backyard (STB). STBs are hubs often created in rural areas with significant rates of

2502:, and strengthening the health and vitality of farm soil. Practices include, recycling as much farm waste as possible, and adding 2101:, releasing pest suppressing compounds when crushed, ploughed into the soil, and covered in plastic for four weeks. Plants in the 9389: 8438: 3117: 2852: 2699: 1570:

Women working in sustainable agriculture come from numerous backgrounds, ranging from academia to labour. From 1978-2007, in the

848: 8870:"Evidence for the impacts of agroforestry on ecosystem services and human well-being in high-income countries: a systematic map" 2911:

Currently, there are policies on the table that could move the US agriculture system into a more sustainable direction with the

1034:. Sustainable agriculture depends on replenishing the soil while minimizing the use or need of non-renewable resources, such as 13569: 11431: 2903:

to help promote research on sustainable agriculture practices and a framework for agriculture and climate change respectively.

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The 1950s to 1990s was when the government switched its stance on agriculture policy which halted sustainable agriculture. The

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include using compost from recycling centers. Using compost from yard and kitchen waste uses available resources in the area.

11850: 10064: 9680: 9184: 8523: 8317: 6840: 6815: 4612: 4534: 4491: 3322: 834: 9228: 3805: 13060: 9950: 8265: 7211: 6442: 10091: 4259:

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, March 25, 2008 vol. 105 no. 12 4928–4932

2051:

Experimentally, these PSMs have been shown to increase crop growth in terms of shoot height, dry biomass and grain yield.

13462: 11940: 10713: 8366:"Review: Rainwater harvesting technology practices and implication of climate change characteristics in Eastern Ethiopia" 6107:

Chaibi, M. T. (2000). "An overview of solar desalination for domestic and agriculture water needs in remote arid areas".

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systems, and encourages review of the importance of maintaining biodiversity in food production and farming end products.

1130:

genetically engineering (non-legume) crops to form nitrogen-fixing symbioses or fix nitrogen without microbial symbionts.

65: 10060: 7956: 6379:"Civil society organizations for sustainable agriculture: negotiating power relations for pro-poor development in India" 3026:

This potential future inability to feed the world's population has been a concern since the English political economist

1957:

growth and dwindling land suitable for agriculture, sustainable intensive farming practises are needed to maintain high

13882: 13532: 11833: 11711: 11631: 11471: 11446: 10743: 9830: 7807: 6490:"The role of collaborations in the development and implementation of sustainable livestock concepts in The Netherlands" 5306: 5259: 4767: 3838: 2457:

by managing the forest, animals, and crops together. They also helped promote tree growth through controlled burns and

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There are several studies incorporating externalities such as ecosystem services, biodiversity, land degradation, and

14073: 13791: 13562: 13354: 12308: 11380: 10898: 9066: 8741: 7606: 7454: 4474:

Bhattacharya, Amitav (2019). "Chapter 5 - Changing Environmental Condition and Phosphorus-Use Efficiency in Plants".

4027: 2642:" an example of sustainability in action – in some cases seeds of edible plants have been sown in local rural areas. 2571: 2088:

Solarizing is based on the same principle, used to increase the temperature of the soil to kill pathogens and pests.

1827: 1339: 17: 8707: 8602: 7046:

Sandhu, Harpinder S.; Wratten, Stephen D.; Cullen, Ross (2010-02-01). "Organic agriculture and ecosystem services".

6759:

Acampora, Alessia; Ruini, Luca; Mattia, Giovanni; Pratesi, Carlo Alberto; Lucchetti, Maria Claudia (February 2023).

1727:, the benefits are easily visible with no weeds, pests, etc..., but the long term costs to the soil and surrounding 14058: 13108: 11759: 11716: 10956: 10189: 4598: 2863: 2552: 2442: 8977:"Unlocking the Positive Impact of Bio-Swales on Hydrology, Water Quality, and Biodiversity: A Bibliometric Review" 7909: 6173:

Zhou, Y.; Tol, R. S. (2004). "Implications of desalination for water resources in China—an economic perspective".

4239: 2957:

adopted a plan to reduce China's meat consumption by 50%, for achieving more sustainable and healthy food system.

2715:

Delaware Valley University's "Roth Center for Sustainable Agriculture", located in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania

2475:

Regenerative agriculture is a conservation and rehabilitation approach to food and farming systems. It focuses on

2285:

to conserve and increase water availability for the location, and require far fewer inputs to maintain fertility.

2075: 1838:, which are called "ecosystem services". In sustainable agriculture, the services that ecosystems provide include 13872: 13796: 13769: 13649: 13619: 13503: 13437: 11754: 11436: 11365: 11304: 11097: 10989: 10791: 10776: 10771: 10548: 8469: 3187: 3057: 2539:

is an approach to land management and settlement design that adopts arrangements observed in flourishing natural

769: 754: 749: 255: 6060:

Stacey, Neil; Fox, James; Hildebrandt, Diane (2018-02-14). "Reduction in greenhouse water usage through inlet CO

5756: 5371:

Grimble, Robin (April 2002). "Rural Poverty and Environmental Management : A framework for understanding".

4422:"Phosphate solubilizing microbes: sustainable approach for managing phosphorus deficiency in agricultural soils" 13452: 11676: 11574: 11109: 10838: 10833: 10781: 10528: 9462: 5901:

Harper, Glyn; Hart, Darren; Moult, Sarah; Hull, Roger (2004). "Banana streak virus is very diverse in Uganda".

4798:

Silva, José Tadeu Alves da; Pereira, Rosimeire Dantas; Silva, Inez Pereira; Oliveira, Polyanna Mara de (2011).

4743: 2743:

emissions, becoming carbon neutral, ending deforestation and reliance on coal, and limiting methane emissions.

1604:. This method permits to grow food in a relatively sustainable way and at the same time can make it easier for 1184:. However, rock phosphate is a non-renewable resource and it is being depleted by mining for agricultural use: 759: 722: 717: 235: 8342: 6670:"Sustainable agriculture in Northeastern India: how do tribal farmers perceive and respond to climate change?" 6296:"How to Identify Barriers to the Adoption of Sustainable Agriculture? A Study Based on a Multi-Criteria Model" 1853:

It is also claimed sustainable agriculture is best considered as an ecosystem approach to agriculture, called

13014: 11920: 11899: 11867: 11744: 11671: 10513: 10226: 8184: 8173: 6208: 4240:"Scientists discover genetics of nitrogen fixation in plants - potential implications for future agriculture" 2811: 2807: 2316:

Integration of species that maintain ecosystem services whilst providing a selection of alternative products.

1521: 915:

Using decreased amounts of non-renewable and unsustainable inputs, particularly environmentally harmful ones.

220: 9617:"Transitioning to Sustainable Agriculture Requires Growing and Sustaining an Ecologically Skilled Workforce" 9534:

Surveillance of the impact of COP26 on COVID-19 infections in Scotland - Preliminary report 16 November 2021

9430:

Surveillance of the impact of COP26 on COVID-19 infections in Scotland - Preliminary report 16 November 2021

9018:"REVIEW: Do polycultures promote win-wins or trade-offs in agricultural ecosystem services? A meta-analysis" 7628: 6221: 4282:"The potential of phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolated from sugarcane wastes for solubilizing phosphate" 2927:

would invest in public infrastructure to support farmers transition from industrial food regime and acquire

1342:

of the United Nations estimates that in coming decades, cropland will continue to be lost to industrial and

64:, it is important to develop flexible business processes and farming practices. Agriculture has an enormous 12335: 12033: 11656: 10924: 10533: 10508: 8577: 8035: 8012: 7497:

Shenoy, V.V.; Kalagudi, G.M. (2005). "Enhancing plant phosphorus use efficiency for sustainable cropping".

6608:"Influencing factors of and driving strategies for vegetable farmers' green pesticide application behavior" 6222:"Starting a Food Garden: How Growing Your Own Vegetables Can Ease Food Supply Anxiety & Support Health" 2691: 240: 215: 60:. There are many methods to increase the sustainability of agriculture. When developing agriculture within 7369:

Hu, Honghong; Xiong, Lizhong (2014-01-01). "Genetic Engineering and Breeding of Drought-Resistant Crops".

2981:

An example of initiatives in India towards exploring the world of sustainable farming has been set by the

1620:

systems (which take into account only the direct costs of production incurred by the farmer) are known as

1141:, returning to natural cycles that annually flood cultivated lands (returning lost nutrients) such as the 13654: 13477: 13467: 13380: 13286: 12854: 11764: 11696: 11072: 10518: 10182: 9407: 9278:"Voluntary sustainability standards could significantly reduce detrimental impacts of global agriculture" 8768: 8626: 5994:"Beyond 'Inherit It or Marry It': Exploring How Women Engaged in Sustainable Agriculture Access Farmland" 3168: 2260: 1639: 1367: 225: 2322:

Define a new ecosystem to suit human needs using lessons from existing ecosystems from around the world.

14068: 14012: 13951: 13349: 12345: 12018: 11998: 11466: 11087: 10966: 10558: 10493: 10322: 9997: 9951:"Governing Through Timescape: Israeli Sustainable Agriculture Policy and the Palestinian-Arab Citizens" 7478: 5523: 5283: 3264:

Crippa, M.; Solazzo, E.; Guizzardi, D.; Monforti-Ferrario, F.; Tubiello, F. N.; Leip, A. (March 2021).

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uses hydrogen, which is currently derived from natural gas (but this hydrogen could instead be made by

546: 265: 200: 8364:

Tolossa, Tasisa Temesge; Abebe, Firew Bekele; Girma, Anteneh Abebe (2020-01-01). Yildiz, Fatih (ed.).

8062: 7408: 7327:"Improving Water Use Efficiency of Wheat Crop Varieties in the North China Plain: Review and Analysis" 4875: 4317: 4091: 3875: 2235:, multispecies cover crops, strip cropping, terrace cultivation, shelter belts, pasture cropping etc. 858:

enhance environmental quality and the natural resource base upon which the agriculture economy depends

14007: 13992: 13725: 13609: 13259: 13083: 12874: 12828: 12678: 11666: 11461: 11299: 10951: 10297: 9998:"Governing through time: preparing for future threats to health and security: Governing through time" 9253:"Fostering Green Exports through Voluntary Sustainability Standards in Developing Countries | UNCTAD" 8868:

Castle, Sarah E.; Miller, Daniel C.; Merten, Nikolas; Ordonez, Pablo J.; Baylis, Kathy (2022-03-17).

7653:

Beyer, Robert M.; Hua, Fangyuan; Martin, Philip A.; Manica, Andrea; Rademacher, Tim (10 March 2022).

6669: 6489: 3235:"FAO – News Article: Food systems account for more than one third of global greenhouse gas emissions" 3112: 2916: 2871: 1894:

Sustainable methods of weed management may help reduce the development of herbicide-resistant weeds.

1473: 827: 521: 7884: 7871: 7235:

Pretty. J. (November 23, 2018). Intensification for redesigned and sustainable agriculture systems;

6378: 3860: 1940: 1905: 13997: 13941: 13710: 13695: 13669: 13585: 13264: 13053: 12268: 12125: 11599: 11476: 11441: 11190: 11180: 11154: 10806: 10394: 10307: 10292: 10247: 8658: 8063:"An agro-ecological evaluation of aquaculture integration into farming systems of the Mekong Delta" 5834: 5185: 3403: 2859: 2548: 2470: 2082: 1806:. The ecocentric approach emphasizes no- or low-growth levels of human development, and focuses on 1783: 1724: 1321: 784: 618: 531: 516: 454: 380: 77: 61: 8242: 8175:

LOW GREENHOUSE GAS AGRICULTURE: MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION POTENTIAL OF SUSTAINABLE FARMING SYSTEMS

8046: 7106: 5936:

Tripathi, Leena; Atkinson, Howard; Roderick, Hugh; Kubiriba, Jerome; Tripathi, Jaindra N. (2017).

13720: 13705: 13206: 12912: 12688: 12585: 12303: 12180: 11887: 11661: 11504: 11286: 11009: 10999: 10917: 10733: 10456: 10344: 10312: 9899: 9853: 9395:. CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). November 2011. 6760: 6339: 3163: 3158: 3148: 2862:

passed which supported farmers with flexible price supports, but only to commodity programs. The

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organisms. This effort has the potential to help local communities because a significant portion

1251:

level in soil, impairing soil structure, crop growth and ecosystem functioning, and accelerating

1050:, which can improve the productivity of a farm but can pollute nearby rivers and coastal waters ( 682: 568: 536: 142: 10154: 9852:

Jiao, Xiao-qiang; Zhang, Hong-yan; Ma, Wen-qi; Wang, Chong; Li, Xiao-lin; Zhang, Fu-suo (2019).

9711:"Securing the future of US agriculture: The case for investing in new entry sustainable farmers" 9059:

Continuous Productive Urban Landscapes : Designing Urban Agriculture for Sustainable Cities

7892: 7725: 6545:"Reduction in global habitat loss from fossil-fuel-dependent increases in cropland productivity" 5056:

Plant Nutrient Management in Hawaii's Soils, Approaches for Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture

4374:"Sustainable Phosphorus Measures: Strategies and Technologies for Achieving Phosphorus Security" 1346:, along with reclamation of wetlands, and conversion of forest to cultivation, resulting in the 13987: 13715: 13684: 13674: 13599: 13375: 13333: 13328: 13211: 13088: 12813: 12750: 12698: 12661: 12656: 12130: 11913: 11906: 11726: 11681: 11636: 11451: 11415: 11405: 11200: 11175: 11159: 11144: 11126: 10801: 10786: 10728: 10723: 10478: 10411: 10404: 10221: 10216: 9092:"Sustainability through intervention: a case study of guerrilla gardening in Kingston, Ontario" 8112: 5596: 3613: 2172: 1811: 1406: 953: 946: 779: 764: 635: 628: 390: 182: 9490:"Implications of current net zero targets for long-term emissions pathways and warming levels" 8564:

Braiding Sweetgrass : Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge and the Teachings of Plants

8549:

Braiding Sweetgrass : Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge and the Teachings of Plants

8307: 4180:

Pankievicz, Vânia C. S.; Irving, Thomas B.; Maia, Lucas G. S.; Ané, Jean-Michel (2019-12-03).

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The resilient farm and homestead: An innovative permaculture and whole systems design approach

3212: 2381:

Raised field agriculture has been recently revived in certain areas of the world, such as the

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The challenge for ecological farming science is to be able to achieve a mainstream productive

1484:. Neither of these approaches have been proven to work without fail. A promising proposal to 13899: 13866: 13735: 13442: 13306: 13145: 13002: 12760: 12477: 12095: 12090: 11983: 11804: 11749: 11706: 11589: 11564: 11529: 11205: 10617: 10399: 7532: 3542:"Dietary change in high-income nations alone can lead to substantial double climate dividend" 3027: 2671: 2106: 2005:

Drought resistant crops have been researched extensively as a means to overcome the issue of

1946: 1751: 1628: 1525: 1505: 1244: 623: 449: 385: 358: 134: 9408:"45 Countries Pledge Over $ 4 Billion to Support Sustainable Agriculture, But Is It Enough?" 8930:"Improving intercropping: a synthesis of research in agronomy, plant physiology and ecology" 8929: 7629:"Relocating farmland could turn back clock twenty years on carbon emissions, say scientists" 7326: 6668:

Bhalerao, Amol Kamalakar; Rasche, Livia; Scheffran, Jürgen; Schneider, Uwe A. (2022-05-19).

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Cordell, Dana (2009). "The story of phosphorus: Global food security and food for thought".

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Sharma, Seema B.; Sayyed, Riyaz Z.; Trivedi, Mrugesh H.; Gobi, Thivakaran A. (2013-10-31).

3934: 3922: 3887: 3343:"Sustainable intensification of agriculture for human prosperity and global sustainability" 2866:

had new income support payments and continued supply controls but reduced priced supports.

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Countries' evaluation of trends in the use of selected management practices and approaches

27:

Farming approach that balances environmental, economic and social factors in the long term

8: 14022: 14017: 13972: 13931: 13861: 13543: 13321: 13152: 13103: 13046: 12783: 12646: 12202: 12070: 12055: 12003: 11993: 11701: 11584: 11579: 11324: 11243: 11062: 11042: 11032: 10886: 10317: 6544: 5054: 3009: 2756: 2721: 2675: 2639: 2205: 2122: 2059: 2010: 1760: 1658: 1327:

Land is a finite resource on Earth. Although expansion of agricultural land can decrease

541: 138: 9869: 9726: 9501: 9293: 9107: 9033: 8912: 8885: 8869: 8836: 8381: 8195: 8078: 7866:

Danielle Treadwell, Jim Riddle, Mary Barbercheck, Deborah Cavanaugh-Grant, Ed Zaborski,

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Ecological farming is a pioneering, practical development which aims to create globally

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can increase yields by 10 to 15 percent compared to when they are grown in monoculture.

1385:

The environmental cost of transportation could be avoided if people use local products.

172: 13840: 13822: 13811: 13775: 13730: 13700: 13447: 13385: 13173: 13162: 13140: 13135: 13124: 12985: 12859: 12773: 12738: 12624: 12517: 12497: 11646: 11641: 11276: 11238: 11195: 11114: 10874: 10796: 10622: 10538: 10135: 9978: 9748: 9547: 9515: 9443: 9320: 9277: 9190: 9119: 8395: 8142: 7777: 7702: 7472: 7281: 7184: 7028: 6788: 6705: 6642: 6607: 6588: 6525: 6470: 6414: 5962: 5937: 5858: 5564: 5450: 5415: 5396: 5277: 5163: 4850: 4706: 4540: 4526: 4497: 4483: 4448: 4421: 4348: 4216: 4181: 4157: 4130: 4072: 3958: 3848: 3741: 3708: 3642:"The Political and Economic Consequences of Defining Sustainable Agriculture in the US" 3578: 3521: 3459: 3426: 3367: 3342: 3242: 3153: 3099: 3085: 2954: 2499: 2491: 2220: 1966: 1909: 1831: 1653: 1435: 1027: 810: 774: 363: 245: 57: 34: 9877: 8821:"Permaculture enhances carbon stocks, soil quality and biodiversity in Central Europe" 7354: 7236: 7133: 6194: 6128: 6046: 13887: 13764: 13422: 13296: 13189: 13098: 12907: 12768: 12733: 12728: 12595: 12437: 12222: 12170: 11855: 11838: 11809: 11604: 11488: 11294: 11047: 10984: 10869: 10466: 10441: 10389: 10359: 10017: 10013: 9982: 9970: 9881: 9752: 9740: 9676: 9638: 9551: 9519: 9447: 9366: 9325: 9307: 9180: 9123: 9091: 9072: 9062: 8998: 8957: 8949: 8899: 8850: 8820: 8737: 8529: 8519: 8399: 8313: 8134: 8090: 7888: 7849: 7803: 7781: 7706: 7694: 7582: 7514: 7510: 7460: 7450: 7386: 7285: 7273: 7137: 7071: 7020: 6977: 6969: 6925: 6884: 6880: 6836: 6811: 6792: 6709: 6697: 6647: 6629: 6592: 6580: 6572: 6529: 6517: 6474: 6462: 6418: 6406: 6317: 6155: 6089: 5967: 5918: 5670: 5455: 5400: 5388: 5312: 5302: 5265: 5255: 5155: 5035: 4994: 4952: 4944: 4903: 4821: 4608: 4544: 4530: 4501: 4487: 4453: 4340: 4318:"Role of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms in sustainable agriculture — A review" 4221: 4203: 4162: 4111: 4064: 4009: 3962: 3950: 3903: 3834: 3746: 3728: 3692:

Human Overpopulation and Food Security: Challenges for the Agriculture Sustainability

3690:

Singh, R., Upadhyay, S., Srivastava, P., Raghubanshi, A. S., & Singh, P. (2017).

3661: 3582: 3570: 3562: 3541: 3513: 3505: 3464: 3446: 3372: 3318: 3295: 3287: 2635: 2623: 2479: 2231:

in the form of humus, and increased biodiversity. Many techniques are used including

2158: 1887: 1732: 1601: 1583: 1401:. For irrigation systems to be sustainable, they require proper management (to avoid 1347: 1343: 1209: 1107: 1023: 909: 905: 881: 692: 665: 613: 583: 432: 375: 338: 114: 12261: 9194: 8680: 8209: 8146: 7929: 7188: 6784: 6730:"Do You See What I See? Examining the Epistemic Barriers to Sustainable Agriculture" 5938:"Genetically engineered bananas resistant to Xanthomonas wilt disease and nematodes" 5645:"Panel heterogeneous distribution analysis of trade and modernized agriculture on CO 5620: 5582: 5568: 5167: 5030: 5013: 4973:"Potassium chloride: impacts on soil microbial activity and nitrogen mineralization" 4816: 4799: 4702: 4516: 4352: 3525: 2047: 2018:, for example, have been successfully genetically modified to be drought resistant. 1524:

were originally illegal. However, with the stress of banana crisis in Uganda, where

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Robinson, Guy M. (2009-09-01). "Towards Sustainable Agriculture: Current Debates".

6780: 6689: 6637: 6619: 6564: 6509: 6454: 6398: 6359: 6307: 6190: 6147: 6124: 6081: 6042: 5957: 5949: 5914: 5910: 5732:"Advances in Sustainable Agriculture: Solar-powered Irrigation Systems in Pakistan" 5711: 5660: 5554: 5546: 5445: 5435: 5380: 5351: 5212: 5147: 5025: 4984: 4934: 4895: 4811: 4724: 4710: 4698: 4661: 4522: 4479: 4443: 4433: 4395: 4385: 4332: 4293: 4211: 4193: 4152: 4142: 4103: 3999: 3989: 3942: 3895: 3736: 3720: 3653: 3554: 3495: 3454: 3438: 3362: 3354: 3277: 3020: 2766: 2495: 2441:

One of the most significant aspects of indigenous sustainable agriculture is their

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One can look at the topic of sustainable agriculture through two different lenses:

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Additionally, the Summit consisted of negotiations that led to heavily reducing CO

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The State of the World's Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture − In Brief

10095: 9115: 8601:

Underground, The Carbon; Initiative, Regenerative Agriculture; CSU (2017-02-24).

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de Olde, Evelien M.; Carsjens, Gerrit J.; Eilers, Catharina H.A.M. (2017-03-04).

6151: 5440: 5151: 4564: 4107: 3132: 2619: 2370: 2253: 2232: 2190: 2162: 2026: 1807: 1787: 1497: 1418: 1301: 1267: 1240: 1185: 1019: 640: 412: 397: 333: 316: 85: 12432: 9164: 7215: 5813: 5690:"Renewable energy as an alternative source for energy management in agriculture" 4989: 4972: 4298: 4281: 3713:

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences

3266:"Food systems are responsible for a third of global anthropogenic GHG emissions" 1559: 896:

There are several key principles associated with sustainability in agriculture:

888:), in terms of the ability to feed humanity, has been reached or even exceeded. 13926: 13908: 13679: 13659: 13624: 13513: 12944: 12934: 12778: 12723: 12713: 12532: 12507: 12487: 12355: 12350: 12340: 12232: 12227: 12212: 12140: 12040: 11539: 11456: 11390: 11385: 11104: 11082: 11017: 10940: 10634: 10089: 9591: 9176: 8894: 8845: 8086: 7679: 7654: 7088: 6363: 5716: 5694: 5689: 5384: 5127: 3874:

Liu, Zhanjun; Chen, Zhujun; Ma, Pengyi; Meng, Yan; Zhou, Jianbin (2017-11-01).

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that may be very different from today's: greatly reduced energy usage, minimal

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are an intertwined way to substantially reduce environmental impacts. Numerous

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to both human health and habitats, but would entail a higher production cost.

14052: 13664: 13629: 13252: 13201: 12939: 12917: 12693: 12602: 12552: 12537: 12472: 12467: 12452: 12422: 12385: 12365: 12325: 12320: 12290: 12256: 12195: 12175: 12160: 12120: 12028: 11932: 11844: 11569: 11554: 11549: 11534: 11355: 11309: 11067: 10828: 10693: 10651: 10597: 10421: 10242: 10167: 10068: 9974: 9885: 9778: 9744: 9672: 9642: 9633: 9616: 9370: 9361: 9344: 9311: 9169:

2017 International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics (ICEI)

9076: 9002: 8953: 8903: 8854: 8533: 8138: 8094: 7853: 7785: 7698: 7464: 7179: 7162: 7075: 6973: 6888: 6701: 6633: 6576: 6521: 6466: 6410: 6321: 6159: 6093: 5674: 5316: 5269: 5184:. Musokotwane Environment Resource Centre for Southern Africa. Archived from 5159: 5039: 4998: 4948: 4907: 4876:"Chloride ion as nitrification inhibitor and its biocidal potential in soils" 4825: 4344: 4207: 4115: 4068: 4013: 3954: 3907: 3732: 3665: 3627: 3566: 3509: 3450: 3291: 3093: 3037: 2920: 2683: 2659: 2595: 2560: 2434: 2134: 2093: 1995: 1950: 1895: 1820: 1720: 1621: 1571: 1501: 1485: 1410: 1402: 1371: 1332: 1295: 1283: 1220: 1120: 993: 712: 645: 427: 328: 321: 146: 118: 110: 93: 9831:"China's plan to cut meat consumption by 50% cheered by climate campaigners" 9789: 9302: 9208: 9042: 9017: 7844: 7827: 7269: 6293: 5665: 5644: 4438: 4390: 4373: 3614:"National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977" 1931:, lowering stock density, and moving the stock between paddocks frequently. 1755:

end. One promising method of encouraging sustainable agriculture is through

14027: 13946: 13554: 13301: 12884: 12703: 12683: 12651: 12580: 12567: 12542: 12522: 12492: 12217: 12185: 11963: 11817: 11215: 10974: 10748: 10607: 10582: 10426: 10384: 10329: 10287: 10159: 10021: 9329: 8961: 7518: 7449:. Carroll, George C., 1940-, Tudzynski, P. (Paul). Berlin: Springer. 1997. 7390: 7277: 7141: 7024: 6981: 6929: 6651: 6606:

Teng, Yun; Chen, Xinlin; Jin, Yue; Yu, Zhigang; Guo, Xiangyu (2022-09-08).

6584: 5971: 5922: 5792: 5459: 5074: 4956: 4666: 4641: 4457: 4369: 4336: 4225: 4166: 3750: 3724: 3574: 3517: 3468: 3376: 3299: 2965: 2536: 2521: 2483: 2458: 2454: 2427: 2398: 2366: 2224: 2102: 1707: 1597: 1547: 1481: 1477: 1363: 1328: 1124: 922: 650: 608: 553: 511: 468: 444: 106: 102: 8513: 8231: 7428: 7325:

MEI, Xu-rong; ZHONG, Xiu-li; Vincent, Vadez; LIU, Xiao-ying (2013-07-01).

6209:

https://about.agrible.com/agnews/2017/1/3/women-in-sustainable-agriculture

5356: 4147: 1927:

management include fencing off the grazing area into smaller areas called

999: 30: 13962: 13184: 12795: 12790: 12575: 12462: 12457: 12447: 12442: 12370: 12360: 12135: 12100: 12080: 12045: 12013: 11400: 11395: 11360: 11223: 10738: 10673: 10656: 10629: 10602: 10587: 10563: 10436: 10277: 10205: 9735: 9710: 6761:"Towards carbon neutrality in the agri-food sector: Drivers and barriers" 4939: 4728: 3425:

Rose, Donald; Heller, Martin C.; Roberto, Christina A. (1 January 2019).

3188:"What is sustainable agriculture | Agricultural Sustainability Institute" 3107: 3032: 2961: 2936: 2928: 2687: 2591: 2585: 2487: 2446: 2358: 2277: 1999: 1962: 1958: 1883: 1854: 1843: 1839: 1803: 1632: 1589: 1359: 1260: 1197:

grains, fruits, vegetables, rice, wheat, millets, sugar, corn, soybeans,

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and deplete soil microbial life, so people have looked to other sources.

1035: 660: 486: 476: 417: 402: 311: 296: 270: 164: 150: 73: 49: 38: 10139: 9138:"Incredible edible: Guerrilla gardeners are planting veg for the masses" 7016: 6808:

Too Much Magic; Wishful Thinking, Technology, and the Fate of the Nation

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reduces soil water evaporation; It also serves to prevent soil erosion.

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Enduring Seeds: Native American Agriculture and Wild Plant Conservation

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The Post Carbon Reader: Managing the 21st Century Sustainability Crisis

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Gomiero, Tiziano; Pimentel, David; Paoletti, Maurizio G. (2011-01-01).

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One approach to sustainability is to develop polyculture systems using

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Certain principles unique to ecological farming need to be considered.

2138: 2055: 1987: 1902:

are used in the rotations and may also use resources more efficiently.

1756: 1703: 1617: 1541: 1534: 1398: 1275: 1166: 1055: 1043: 1031: 989: 939: 926: 655: 603: 598: 491: 481: 370: 348: 343: 9474: 9463:"Tackling the Methane Quandary: Curbing Emissions from Control Valves" 8945: 8414:"Water-Efficient Technology Opportunity: Rainwater Harvesting Systems" 6085: 2769:

the Executive Vice-President of the European Commission, saying that:

2528: 1685: 14032: 13755: 13239: 12959: 12922: 12869: 12849: 12844: 12502: 11988: 11975: 11967: 11828: 11774: 11228: 10639: 10369: 7752:

Reganold, John P.; Papendick, Robert I.; Parr, James F. (June 1990).

7409:"No-tillage and high-residue practices reduce soil water evaporation" 5953: 5237: 4280:

Atekan, A.; Nuraini, Y.; Handayanto, E.; Syekhfani, S. (2014-07-07).

3946: 2876: 2786: 2599: 2540: 2394: 2382: 2154: 1835: 1746:

Community gardening is a promising method of sustainable agriculture.

1742: 1728: 1694: 1162: 1081: 593: 9614: 8048:

Low-cost biodigesters as the epicenter of ecological farming systems

7882:

H. Martin, '’Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs

6674:

International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology

5649:

emissions: The role of renewable and fossil fuel energy consumption"

5559: 5373:

Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies

4316:

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4131:"Current Progress in Nitrogen Fixing Plants and Microbiome Research" 4129:

Mahmud, Kishan; Makaju, Shiva; Ibrahim, Razi; Missaoui, Ali (2020).

2401:

to make use of lands that have been historically hard to cultivate.

1990:

and using alternative methods. Such methods include: researching on

13311: 13234: 13195: 12818: 12745: 12673: 12410: 12285: 12075: 11621: 10334: 10058: 9542: 9438: 9090:

Crane, Annie; Viswanathan, Leela; Whitelaw, Graham (January 2013).

2932: 2847: 2842: 2098: 1850:, all of which are necessary functions for the production of food. 1712: 1394: 1379: 1255:. Modification of agricultural practices is a recognized method of 1198: 1150: 1114: 1110: 1085: 1015: 558: 153:, Bird Friendly, and the Common Code for the Coffee Community (4C). 10061:"In Memo rium - Former Staff and Students of Rural Science at UNE" 2986:

foundation curriculum for sustainable farming for their students.

2417: 2335: 1616:

Costs, such as environmental problems, not covered in traditional

1188:

will occur within the next few hundred years, or perhaps earlier.

13856: 12927: 12889: 12879: 12755: 12390: 12280: 11594: 10909: 10688: 10644: 10612: 7983:

United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service

5416:"Does Land Degradation Increase Poverty in Developing Countries?" 5254:. Lal, R., Stewart, B. A. (Bobby Alton), 1932-. CRC Press. 2013. 3626:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

2503: 2476: 2386: 2166: 2146: 2142: 2121:

locations, whilst allowing ecosystems in then-abandoned areas to

2037: 2033: 1991: 1924: 1899: 1605: 1382:

is said to be a closed system for agricultural water irrigation.

1279: 1146: 1103: 1073: 1011: 985: 981: 900:

The incorporation of biological and ecological processes such as

407: 353: 8627:"Regenerative Agriculture | Regenerative Agriculture Foundation" 7163:"Navigating a Critical Juncture for Sustainable Weed Management" 6942: 6667: 5935: 5330:

Mohawesh, Yasser; Taimeh, Awni; Ziadat, Feras (September 2015).

4279: 3709:"Agricultural sustainability: concepts, principles and evidence" 2153:

and nutrient cycling. This reduces the need for fertilizers and

13216: 12619: 12612: 12607: 12023: 11258: 10666: 10592: 10262: 10252: 8753: 8266:"UT Study: Unexpected Microbes Fighting Harmful Greenhouse Gas" 5522:

Thomson, Amanda; Simpson, Ian; Brown, Jennifer (October 2005).

3215:. Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs. 2016 1735:, disrupted ecosystems, poor water quality, among other harms. 1517: 1248: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1047: 1004: 935: 867:

enhance the quality of life for farmers and society as a whole.

306: 10174: 6207:

AGRIBLE. (January 4, 2017). Women in Sustainable Agriculture;

4558:

IFDC.org - IFDC Report Indicates Adequate Phosphorus Resources

3831:

Farming Systems: Development, Productivity, and Sustainability

2638:) may be able to contribute to sustainability. Some consider " 2373:

as well as rice, producing an additional product and reducing

2054:

Phosphorus uptake is even more efficient with the presence of

1076:

that would, in principle, be available indefinitely, include:

847:

The term "sustainable agriculture" was defined in 1977 by the

13038: 12708: 10683: 9590:

Text was copied from this source, which is available under a

9586: 8715:

Permaculture: Principles & Pathways Beyond Sustainability

8220: 5643:

Sarkodie, Samuel A.; Ntiamoah, Evans B.; Li, Dongmei (2019).

5501:"Pandemics result from destruction of nature, say UN and WHO" 4873: 3804:. Davis, California: University of California. Archived from 2319:

Minimise food miles, packaging, energy consumption and waste.

1426:, the water is being used faster than it can be replenished. 422: 8060: 6256:"Beyond the limits: global collapse or a sustainable future" 5201: 5107:. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2019. p. 5 1797: 1537:

because the yield of their main produce will remain stable.

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Chen, Tong; Wang, Mo; Su, Jin; Li, Jianjun (January 2023).

8279:

Sponsel, Leslie E (1986). "Amazon ecology and adaptation".

7105:

Glover, Jerry D.; Cox, Cindy M.; Reganold, John P. (2007).

5252:

Principles of sustainable soil management in agroecosystems

4128: 4092:"Recycling of livestock manure in a whole-farm perspective" 3599: 3340: 2892: 2390: 2071: 2015: 1397:

is available for crop growth, but many other areas require

977: 588: 288: 8818: 7603:"Plant Production and Protection Division - Biofumigation" 7406: 6758: 4089: 2412: 2354:

have been practiced in the Amazon for thousands of years.

12557: 9707: 9275: 9015: 8926: 8867: 6994: 6337: 5835:"Impact of Sustainable Agriculture and Farming Practices" 5062:. Manoa: University of Hawaii at Manoa. pp. 133–144. 4797: 3923:"Salinization and drainage problems of agricultural land" 3538: 9089: 8812: 8600: 6289: 6287: 6285: 5814:"Indicators for sustainable water resources development" 5079:

Sustainable Agriculture Research & Education Program

5011: 4969: 2105:

family release large amounts of toxic compounds such as

1823:

is the best way to meet the increasing demand for food.

1689:

Pesticide use remains a common practice in agriculture.

11799:

UN Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm 1972)

9056: 8694:

wrote in the seminal Permaculture: A Designers' Manual.

6283: 6281: 6279: 6277: 6275: 6273: 6271: 6269: 6267: 6265: 5125: 4840:"INFORMaÇÕES E aNáLISES Da ECONOMIa MINERaL BRaSILEIRa" 4768:"Potash Price Close to all time highs – Future Outlook" 4419: 4179: 2724:, economic incentives, and infrastructure improvement. 2543:. It includes a set of design principles derived using 2157:. Increasing the diversity of crops by introducing new 101:

areas. Elements of sustainable agriculture can include

13433:

International Conference on Population and Development

9925:"Delhi-based SowGood Foundation fosters a green thumb" 9592:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

9487: 9345:"USDA Organic Certification: Who Should Be Certified?" 8792:"A Critique of Permaculture: Cleaning out the stables" 8578:"Our Sustainable Future - Regenerative Ag Description" 6906: 5414:

Barbier, Edward B.; Hochard, Jacob P. (May 11, 2016).

4639: 4515:

Green, B.W. (2015). "2 - Fertilizers in aquaculture".

4476:

Changing Climate and Resource Use Efficiency in Plants

3798:

Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program

1235:

is becoming a severe global problem. According to the

949:, accommodating biodiversity within human landscapes. 8498:. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press. p. x. 7751: 6487: 5687: 5128:"Is There a Need for a More Sustainable Agriculture?" 4640:

Edixhoven, J.D.; Gupta, J.; Savenije, H.H.G. (2013).

3766:"Low-input, sustainable agriculture: Myth or method?" 3764:

Stenholm, Charles; Waggoner, Daniel (February 1990).

2827:

Dedicate to R&I related to the issue €10 billion.

2117:

Relocating current croplands to environmentally more

9829:

Milman, Oliver; Leavenworth, Stuart (20 June 2016).

9805:"New Meat: Is China Ready for a Plant-Based Future?" 8470:"The Indigenous Origins of Regenerative Agriculture" 8185:

Scientific American report on dead zones in the sea

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before planting and leaving the plant residue after

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short-term goals will need to be balanced enhancing

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and becomes either unusable or suffers from reduced

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an ecocentric approach and a technocentric approach

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US Department of Agriculture. 13 November 2002. 3424: 1919:There are also many ways to practice sustainable 1173:phosphate-containing chemical fertilizers causes 864:sustain the economic viability of farm operations 14050: 9654: 9652: 9563: 9561: 8725: 8699: 8672: 8309:Introduction to Wildlife Conservation in Farming 8305: 6754: 6752: 6750: 5987: 5985: 5983: 5981: 5753:"Urban Agriculture: Practices to Improve Cities" 4464: 3828: 3336: 3334: 2960:In 2019, the National Basic Research Program or 2613: 2547:. It applies these principles in fields such as 912:into agricultural and food production practices. 10162:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA IGO 3.0 ( 9995: 9851: 9759: 9694: 9597: 9461:Pacini, Andrea; Rossini, Stefano (2021-12-09). 9282:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 8518:. 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Union of Concerned Scientists. 10 April 2017 7496: 7436: 6902: 6900: 6898: 6849: 6658: 6436: 6434: 6432: 6430: 6428: 5524:"Sustainable rangeland grazing in Norse Faroe" 5413: 4590: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4275: 4273: 4271: 4269: 4267: 2782:Making 25% of EU agriculture organic, by 2030. 2532:A garden cultivated on permaculture principles 13570: 13054: 11948: 10925: 10190: 9649: 9558: 9460: 9009: 8507: 8505: 7821: 7819: 7301:"Vertical farms sprouting all over the world" 6936: 6747: 6605: 5978: 5877: 5875: 5873: 5871: 5783: 5781: 5779: 5777: 5775: 5773: 4633: 4315: 3873: 3702: 3700: 3686: 3684: 3331: 2734:2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference 2426:natural processes. This is a practice called 2326:occurring microorganisms called denitrifiers. 2297:Food production should be ecological in both 1467: 1180:Phosphorus fertilizers are manufactured from 976:Practices that can cause long-term damage to 828: 13584: 12824:List of organic gardening and farming topics 10158: This article incorporates text from a 10059:Rural Science Graduates Association (2002). 9955:International Journal of Middle East Studies 8974: 8789: 8678: 7485: 7214:. Attra.ncat.org. 2013-08-05. Archived from 7039: 6988: 6716: 6440: 6328: 6135: 6020: 6018: 6016: 6014: 5192: 4576: 4473: 4368: 4359: 4311: 4309: 4051:Rao, E. V. S. Prakasa; Puttanna, K. 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J.; Sadava, D. E. (1994). 3740: 3499: 3458: 3366: 3281: 3213:"Introduction to Sustainable Agriculture" 2361:with sustainability. In South-East Asia, 2091:Certain plants can be cropped for use as 1986:can be improved by reducing the need for 1798:Different viewpoints about the definition 1664: 1378:. The use of solar powered irrigation in 1237:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 1119:industrial production of nitrogen by the 13670:Environmentally healthy community design 13094:Estimates of historical world population 11862:UN Conference on Sustainable Development 9342: 9057:Viljoen, Andre; Howe, Joe, eds. (2005). 8705: 8561: 8546: 8456: 7828:"Can Modern Agriculture Be Sustainable?" 6858: 6830: 6805: 6383:Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 5991: 5806: 5789:"What is Sustainable Agriculture? — ASI" 5052: 4921:Geilfus, Christoph-Martin (2018-05-01). 4570: 4551: 3639: 2710: 2658: 2527: 2506:material from sources outside the farm. 2416: 2334: 2070: 2014:conservation. However, some grains like 1904: 1873: 1741: 1684: 1648:Economics of Land Degradation Initiative 1577: 1558: 1219: 998: 963: 959: 29: 9900:"Sustainable Agriculture in India 2021" 9658: 8736:. New Society Publishers. p. 292. 8333:Bezemer, Marjolein (12 December 2018). 8332: 8278: 8158: 8156: 8106: 8104: 8056: 8054: 8031: 8029: 7368: 6727: 6542: 6219: 6172: 5589: 5575: 5370: 4920: 4680: 4521:. Woodhead Publishing. pp. 27–52. 4053:"Nitrates, agriculture and environment" 3606: 3118:Environmental impact of meat production 2778:The program includes the next targets: 2618:The use of available city space (e.g., 2413:Indigenous Agriculture in North America 2195:Organic agriculture can be defined as: 1941:Intensive farming § Sustainability 1448:using reduced-volume irrigation systems 968:Traditional farming methods have a low 14: 14051: 11432:Corporate environmental responsibility 9405: 9377: 8825:Communications Earth & Environment 8493: 8312:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 268. 8009:"Rand Report on protecting ecosystems" 7954: 7713: 7659:Communications Earth & Environment 7587:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 6447:Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 6106: 5615: 5613: 5474:"Science points to causes of COVID-19" 4028:"Why are rainforests being destroyed?" 3833:. Jones and Bartlett. pp. 25–57. 3794: 3770:Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 3706: 3594: 3592: 2889:Natural Resources Conservation Service 2727: 2509: 2184: 1531:live off the food they grow themselves 1441:providing incentives for selection of 992:without adequate drainage (leading to 13558: 13042: 11936: 10913: 10178: 9715:Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 9621:Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 8679:Birnbaum Fox, Juliana (9 June 2010). 8643: 8631:regenerativeagriculturefoundation.org 8619: 7825: 7383:10.1146/annurev-arplant-050213-040000 7298: 6765:Resources, Conservation and Recycling 6376: 5478:United Nations Environmental Programm 5072: 4923:"Chloride: from Nutrient to Toxicant" 4514: 3920: 3312: 2214: 2058:in the soil. Mycorrhiza is a type of 2021: 1945:An increased production is a goal of 1127:of water using renewable electricity) 13527: 13009: 11805:Brundtlandt Commission Report (1983) 10881: 10034: 8691:(1) – via Indiana University. 8511: 8467: 8436: 8335:"Mixed farming increases rice yield" 8153: 8101: 8051: 8026: 7247: 7107:"Future Farming: A Return to Roots?" 4478:. Academic Press. pp. 241–305. 4325:Agronomy for Sustainable Development 3488:Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 2433:Many indigenous tribes incorporated 2227:, water infiltration and retention, 1642:in economic analysis. These include 1224:Walls built to avoid water run-off, 13463:Voluntary Human Extinction Movement 13021: 10893: 9802: 9784:. Portland, Or.?: USDA-SCS?. 1977. 8765:The Permaculture Research Institute 8603:"What is Regenerative Agriculture?" 6946:Journal of Environmental Management 6910:Journal of Environmental Management 5791:. Sarep.ucdavis.edu. 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Oil is also used as an input in 855:satisfy human food and fiber needs 25: 14085: 13792:agricultural wastewater treatment 13355:Population and Development Review 11381:Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity 10002:Sociology of Health & Illness 9343:Ferguson, James J. (1969-12-31). 8566:. Milkweed Editions. p. 183. 8551:. Milkweed Editions. p. 148. 7607:Food and Agriculture Organization 7161:Mortensen, David (January 2012). 7134:10.1038/scientificamerican0807-82 3393:. Chelsea Green, 2013. pp. 61–78. 2864:Food and Agricultural Act of 1965 2817:Create sustainable food labeling. 2750: 2572:Centre for Alternative Technology 2559:. The term was coined in 1978 by 2357:Some traditional systems combine 1462: 1340:Food and Agriculture Organization 1280:reincorporation of organic matter 891: 13745: 13539: 13538: 13526: 13403:Population concern organizations 13109:Projections of population growth 13020: 13008: 12997: 12996: 12984: 11893: 11882: 11881: 11851:UN Millennium Declaration (2000) 10892: 10880: 10868: 10857: 10856: 10153: 10128: 10119: 10106: 10083: 10052: 10028: 10014:10.1111/j.1467-9566.2011.01340.x 9989: 9942: 9917: 9892: 9845: 9822: 9796: 9661:"Thinking beyond food and fiber" 9585: 9526: 9481: 9454: 9422: 9399: 9336: 9269: 9245: 9221: 9201: 9156: 9130: 9083: 9050: 8968: 8920: 8861: 8594: 8570: 8555: 8540: 8487: 8430: 8406: 8357: 8326: 8299: 8272: 8258: 8247: 8236: 8225: 8214: 8203: 8189: 8178: 8167: 8040: 8001: 7971: 7948: 7927: 7921: 7898: 7876: 7860: 7792: 7646: 7621: 7595: 7550: 7525: 7511:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2005.01.004 7362: 7318: 7241: 7229: 7204: 7195: 7154: 7098: 7082: 6881:10.1111/j.1749-8198.2009.00268.x 6824: 6799: 3621: 3144:Sustainable Commodity Initiative 3092: 3078: 3064: 3050: 2831: 2646:Hydroponics or soil-less culture 2520:This section is an excerpt from 2443:traditional ecological knowledge 2133:Sustainability may also involve 1766:Some foresee a true sustainable 1286:, and preventing water run-off. 1259:as soil can act as an effective 1149:, and use of crop and livestock 804: 171: 13873:List of energy storage projects 13797:industrial wastewater treatment 13650:Environmental impact assessment 13620:Environmental impact assessment 13504:Human impact on the environment 13438:Population Action International 11437:Corporate social responsibility 11366:Ocean thermal energy conversion 11305:Community-supported agriculture 10990:Human impact on the environment 10812:Agriculture and the environment 10549:British Agricultural Revolution 10204: 8767:. 11 March 2021. 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The 2837:Policies from 1930 - 2000 2785:Reduce by 50% the use of 2706: 2670:systems exist, including 2128: 1860: 1635:systems through history. 1474:environmental degradation 1393:In some areas sufficient 1353: 1106:that form symbioses with 1080:recycling crop waste and 1022:. Of the four, water and 728:Universities and colleges 688:Universities and colleges 133:systems exist, including 70:in causing climate change 14074:Peak resource production 13998:Glass in green buildings 13942:sustainable architecture 13586:Environmental technology 13265:Compulsory sterilization 11442:Environmental accounting 11191:Sustainable architecture 11181:Environmental technology 10829:Agriculturist profession 10308:Agricultural engineering 10293:Agricultural cooperative 9673:10.1201/9781315153094-21 9634:10.3389/fsufs.2019.00096 9362:10.32473/edis-hs210-2004 9061:. 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Improvements in water 1388: 1322:Coronavirus disease 2019 1282:into the soil, reducing 1278:to reduce wind erosion, 1139:long-term crop rotations 1003:Conservation farming in 984:of the soil (leading to 713:Agriculturist profession 532:Agricultural engineering 517:Agricultural cooperative 78:greenhouse gas emissions 62:sustainable food systems 14059:Sustainable agriculture 13207:Malthusian growth model 11315:Sustainable agriculture 10734:Agricultural wastewater 10457:Sustainable food system 10453:Sustainable agriculture 10345:Animal-free agriculture 10313:Agricultural technology 10166:). Text taken from 9790:10.5962/bhl.title.27205 9303:10.1073/pnas.1707812116 9043:10.1111/1365-2664.12334 8443:Sustainable Food Center 7633:University of Cambridge 7270:10.1038/nplants.2016.14 7201:Field Crops Res. 34:239 6226:Food Revolution Network 5666:10.1111/1477-8947.12183 5653:Natural Resources Forum 4439:10.1186/2193-1801-2-587 4391:10.3390/agronomy3010086 3927:Irrigation and Drainage 3164:Sustainable landscaping 3159:Sustainable food system 3149:Sustainable development 2943: 2331:Traditional agriculture 1923:. Some of the tools to 1776:consumer packaged goods 1289: 1215: 1145:, the long-term use of 945:It is considered to be 874: 683:Sustainable food system 678:Sustainable agriculture 569:Animal-free agriculture 537:Agricultural technology 66:environmental footprint 46:Sustainable agriculture 13988:Environmental movement 13685:Sustainability science 13675:Public interest design 13600:Appropriate technology 13334:Zero population growth 13329:Sustainable population 13253:Malthusian catastrophe 13212:Overshoot (population) 13089:Demographic transition 12814:Biodynamic agriculture 12751:Postharvest physiology 12699:Landscape architecture 12396:Indonesian home garden 11858:(Rio+10, Johannesburg) 11727:Sustainable management 11712:Urban drainage systems 11452:Environmental planning 11416:Water recycling shower 11406:Tidal stream generator 11201:Sustainable industries 11160:Sustainable population 11145:Demographic transition 11127:Tragedy of the commons 10834:Agricultural machinery 10792:History of agriculture 10777:Agriculture by country 10772:Agricultural machinery 10729:Agricultural pollution 10724:Agricultural expansion 10499:Austronesian expansion 10412:Mechanised agriculture 9929:The New Indian Express 8874:Environmental Evidence 8799:Academia-danubiana.net 8512:Frey, Darrell (2011). 8474:National Farmers Union 7499:Biotechnology Advances 7477:: CS1 maint: others ( 7416:California Agriculture 5282:: CS1 maint: others ( 4667:10.5194/esd-5-491-2014 3763: 3725:10.1098/rstb.2007.2163 3040:and "solving hunger". 3012:discussed in his book 2776: 2716: 2663: 2545:whole-systems thinking 2533: 2422: 2421:Indigenous Agriculture 2340: 2202: 2173:Thinopyrum intermedium 2107:methyl isothiocyanates 2079: 1916: 1879: 1747: 1690: 1665:Challenges and debates 1567: 1407:non-renewable resource 1364:agricultural chemicals 1229: 1137:Other options include 1007: 973: 954:appropriate technology 947:reconciliation ecology 811:Agriculture portal 770:History of agriculture 755:Agriculture by country 750:Agricultural machinery 718:Agricultural machinery 636:Mechanised agriculture 206:Austronesian expansion 42: 13867:hydrogen technologies 13781:Solid waste treatment 13443:Population Connection 13307:Mere addition paradox 13146:Physiological density 12061:Historic conservation 11750:Humanistic capitalism 11565:Environmental finance 11206:Sustainable packaging 10839:Government ministries 10782:Agriculture companies 10618:Convertible husbandry 10298:Agricultural supplies 10248:Agricultural Engineer 10172:, FAO, FAO. 10116:767, ISHS, pp. 19-44. 9165:"Hydroponics farming" 8790:Peter Harper (2003). 8494:Nabhan, Gary (1989). 7845:10.1093/biosci/bix018 7537:Rodale's Organic Life 7429:10.3733/ca.v066n02p55 5357:10.5194/se-6-857-2015 4646:Earth System Dynamics 4148:10.3390/plants9010097 3313:Brown, L. R. (2012). 2935:, it would invest in 2771: 2755:Further information: 2714: 2672:organic certification 2662: 2634:, and other forms of 2584:Further information: 2531: 2420: 2338: 2197: 2074: 2060:mutualistic symbiotic 2032:Abstinence from soil 1908: 1877: 1752:James Howard Kunstler 1745: 1688: 1661:and quality of life. 1629:intensive agriculture 1578:Growing your own food 1562: 1526:Banana Bacterial Wilt 1506:environmental impacts 1245:Intensive agriculture 1223: 1002: 967: 960:Environmental factors 760:Agriculture companies 723:Government ministries 522:Agricultural supplies 359:Convertible husbandry 135:organic certification 33: 14038:Water heat recycling 13968:Efficient energy use 13958:Conservation biology 13895:Sustainable lighting 13831:Efficient energy use 13645:Environmental Design 13615:Environmental design 13473:World Population Day 13428:Church of Euthanasia 13317:Non-identity problem 13292:Political demography 13248:Human overpopulation 12991:Gardening portal 12890:Aquamog weed remover 12865:List of insecticides 11717:Urban infrastructure 11411:Water heat recycling 11234:Conservation biology 11078:Steady-state economy 11053:Micro-sustainability 11038:Ecological footprint 10995:Planetary boundaries 10489:Neolithic Revolution 10350:Cellular agriculture 10303:Agricultural science 9736:10.1525/elementa.356 9233:www.standardsmap.org 9229:"Sustainability Map" 8681:"Indigenous Science" 8221:FAS Recommendations 7959:. Food Business News 7826:Baker, Beth (2017). 6549:Conservation Biology 6344:Agricultural Systems 4607:(IFDC). p. 60. 4337:10.1051/agro:2006011 3921:Singh, Ajay (2020). 3880:Field Crops Research 3795:Tomich, Tom (2016). 3245:on 30 September 2023 2557:community resilience 2407:Rainwater harvesting 2352:shifting cultivation 2311:ecological footprint 2229:carbon sequestration 2223:like: prevention of 2165:reduce the need for 2137:. Crop rotation and 2011:modified genetically 1961:, while maintaining 1772:ecological footprint 1768:steady state economy 1438:and storage measures 1348:loss of biodiversity 1257:carbon sequestration 1143:flooding of the Nile 886:planetary boundaries 574:Cellular agriculture 527:Agricultural science 196:Neolithic Revolution 98:environment friendly 14023:Nature conservation 14018:Land rehabilitation 13973:Energy conservation 13862:carbon-neutral fuel 13770:dispersion modeling 13322:Reproductive rights 13153:Population dynamics 13104:Population momentum 11818:Earth Summit (1992) 11472:Metrics and indices 11325:Sustainable fishery 11244:Holocene extinction 11063:Product stewardship 11033:Earth Overshoot Day 9870:2019JIAgr..18.1657J 9727:2019EleSA...7...17C 9569:"From Farm to Fork" 9502:2021EGUGA..2311018G 9294:2019PNAS..116.2130S 9108:2013LoEnv..18...71C 9034:2014JApEc..51.1593I 8886:2022EnvEv..11...10C 8837:2024ComEE...5..305R 8655:us.organicindia.com 8382:2020CogFA...624354T 8339:reNature Foundation 8268:. 21 November 2012. 8079:2010AgEE..138..232P 7989:on 15 November 2016 7770:1990SciAm.262f.112R 7758:Scientific American 7671:2022ComEE...3...49B 7533:"Soil Solarization" 7447:Plant relationships 7346:2013JIAgr..12.1243M 7262:2016NatPl...216014G 7126:2007SciAm.297b..82G 7114:Scientific American 7060:2010ESPol..13....1S 7017:10.1038/nature01014 7009:2002Natur.418..671T 6958:2009JEnvM..90S.112R 6873:2009GComp...3.1757R 6835:. Watershed Media. 6777:2023RCR...18906755A 6686:2022IJSDW..29..291B 6561:2021ConBi..35..766G 6506:2017IJAgS..15..153D 6395:2016AgSFS..40..381B 6356:2017AgSys.154....1H 6313:10.3390/su142013277 6187:2004Desal.164..225Z 6121:2000Desal.127..119C 6078:2018AIChE..64.2324S 6039:2015Pedos..25..428K 5839:World Wildlife Fund 5708:2023EnRep..10..344M 5543:2005HumEc..33..737T 5432:2016PLoSO..1152973B 5348:2015SolE....6..857M 5231:"Leading with Soil" 5144:2011CRvPS..30....6G 4892:2014SBiBi..72...84V 4695:2009GEC....19..292C 4658:2014ESD.....5..491E 3939:2020IrrDr..69..844S 3892:2017FCrRe.213..154L 2966:small-scale farming 2757:European Green Deal 2728:At the global level 2722:land rehabilitation 2676:Rainforest Alliance 2640:guerrilla gardening 2510:Alternative methods 2445:of harvesting. The 2267:and expert systems. 2206:organic agriculture 2185:Organic agriculture 1498:Organic Agriculture 1478:small-scale farming 455:Steam sterilization 139:Rainforest Alliance 13841:Energy development 13823:Sustainable energy 13812:water purification 13776:Industrial ecology 13448:Population Matters 13163:Population pyramid 13141:Population density 13136:Population decline 12860:List of fungicides 12625:Companion planting 11277:Sustainable energy 11239:Endangered species 11196:Sustainable design 11110:Consumer behaviour 10623:Rotational grazing 10539:Columbian exchange 10094:2018-06-01 at the 9803:Matthew, Bossons. 8994:10.3390/su15108141 8345:on 11 October 2019 7915:2016-06-10 at the 7089:Altieri, Miguel A. 6569:10.1111/cobi.13611 4940:10.1093/pcp/pcy071 4729:10.3390/su3102027, 4563:2020-01-27 at the 4032:Rainforest Concern 3658:10.1111/soc4.12015 3194:. 11 December 2018 3154:Sustainable energy 3100:Environment portal 3086:Agriculture portal 2983:Sowgood foundation 2955:Chinese government 2806:Reduce the use of 2792:Reduce the use of 2717: 2664: 2534: 2492:ecosystem services 2423: 2341: 2221:ecosystem services 2215:Ecological farming 2080: 2022:Soil and nutrients 1998:and reducing soil 1967:ecosystem services 1917: 1910:Rotational grazing 1880: 1866:human population. 1832:ecosystem services 1812:biodynamic farming 1748: 1691: 1654:Triple bottom line 1568: 1436:water conservation 1331:and contribute to 1230: 1028:nutrient depletion 1008: 980:include excessive 974: 364:Rotational grazing 246:Columbian exchange 58:ecosystem services 43: 35:Shade-grown coffee 14069:Biomineralization 14046: 14045: 13883:commercialization 13552: 13551: 13423:7 Billion Actions 13297:Population ethics 13190:Carrying capacity 13099:Population growth 13036: 13035: 12908:Community orchard 12734:drought tolerance 11930: 11929: 11856:Earth Summit 2002 11839:Lisbon Principles 11811:Our Common Future 11489:Sustainable yield 11295:Civic agriculture 11048:Green consumption 10985:Global governance 10907: 10906: 10467:Urban agriculture 10442:Rice-duck farming 10390:Intensive farming 10360:Extensive farming 9931:. 17 October 2021 9781:Conservation] 9682:978-1-4987-5895-6 9475:10.2118/207337-MS 9209:"About VSS | VSS" 9186:978-1-5090-4257-9 9096:Local Environment 8946:10.1111/nph.13132 8525:978-0-86571-678-0 8319:978-1-119-95759-1 7003:(6898): 671–677. 6861:Geography Compass 6842:978-0-9709500-6-2 6817:978-0-8021-9438-1 6086:10.1002/aic.16120 4806:(in Portuguese). 4748:extension.umn.edu 4621:on 19 August 2018 4614:978-0-88090-167-3 4536:978-0-08-100506-4 4493:978-0-12-816209-5 4096:Livestock Science 3719:(1491): 447–465. 3646:Sociology Compass 3324:978-1-136-54075-2 3315:World on the Edge 2763:From Farm to Fork 2636:urban agriculture 2624:community gardens 2551:, town planning, 2363:rice-fish systems 2159:genetic resources 1888:Nitrogen fixation 1792:community gardens 1761:community gardens 1733:biodiversity loss 1602:COVID-19 pandemic 1584:Urban agriculture 1533:, and it will be 1415:submersible pumps 1344:urban development 1284:soil salinization 1210:soil biodiversity 1038:or mineral ores. 1024:soil conservation 910:nitrogen fixation 906:soil regeneration 882:carrying capacity 845: 844: 693:Urban agriculture 666:Rice-duck farming 614:Intensive farming 584:Extensive farming 115:multiple cropping 18:Sustainably grown 16:(Redirected from 14081: 13983:Energy recycling 13904:electric vehicle 13878:Renewable energy 13852:alternative fuel 13802:sewage treatment 13786:Waste management 13749: 13640:Energy recycling 13635:Electric vehicle 13605:Clean technology 13579: 13572: 13565: 13556: 13555: 13542: 13541: 13530: 13529: 13499:Green Revolution 13280:Two-child policy 13275:One-child policy 13198: 13158:Population model 13114:World population 13063: 13056: 13049: 13040: 13039: 13024: 13023: 13012: 13011: 13000: 12999: 12989: 12988: 12965:Plant collecting 12901:Related articles 12838:Plant protection 12019:French intensive 11957: 11950: 11943: 11934: 11933: 11897: 11896: 11885: 11884: 11829:Agenda 21 (1992) 11800: 11765:Natural resource 11652:Organic movement 11627:Impact investing 11346:Hydroelectricity 11320:Sustainable diet 11272:Renewable energy 11267:Carbon footprint 11249:Invasive species 11186:Natural building 11137:World population 11098:Marketing myopia 11058:Over-consumption 11028:Circular economy 11023:Anti-consumerism 10980:Environmentalism 10934: 10927: 10920: 10911: 10910: 10896: 10895: 10884: 10883: 10872: 10860: 10859: 10704:Wildlife farming 10554:Green Revolution 10505:Ancient history 10447:Rice-fish system 10355:Contract farming 10340:Animal husbandry 10199: 10192: 10185: 10176: 10175: 10157: 10143: 10132: 10126: 10123: 10117: 10110: 10104: 10087: 10081: 10080: 10078: 10076: 10067:. 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King 2883:Current Policies 2803:by at least 50%. 2767:Frans Timmermans 2596:two-crop systems 2496:biosequestration 2486:, improving the 2180:Related concepts 2145:, by protecting 1984:Water efficiency 1973:Vertical farming 1955:human population 1921:animal husbandry 1848:nutrient cycling 1790:, more home and 1780:local purchasing 1612:Economic factors 1608:to obtain food. 1594:Great Depression 1510:social scientist 1443:drought-tolerant 1424:Ogallala Aquifer 1376:renewable energy 1318:zoonotic disease 1311:land degradation 1302:land-use changes 1233:Land degradation 970:carbon footprint 902:nutrient cycling 837: 830: 823: 809: 808: 807: 671:Rice-fish system 579:Contract farming 564:Animal husbandry 302:Animal husbandry 261:Green Revolution 212:Ancient history 175: 161: 160: 90:land degradation 21: 14089: 14088: 14084: 14083: 14082: 14080: 14079: 14078: 14049: 14048: 14047: 14042: 14003:Green computing 13978:Energy recovery 13914: 13846:Energy recovery 13836:Electrification 13817: 13763:Air pollution ( 13750: 13741: 13588: 13583: 13553: 13548: 13518: 13482: 13416: 13414: 13407: 13359: 13338: 13287:Overconsumption 13270:Family planning 13227: 13221: 13194: 13178: 13175: 13167: 13129: 13126: 13118: 13072: 13067: 13037: 13032: 12983: 12974: 12970:Turf management 12955:Lists of plants 12950:List of gardens 12896: 12833: 12800: 12562: 12112: 12105: 11970: 11961: 11931: 11926: 11873: 11798: 11790: 11789:Agreements and 11784: 11721: 11525:Climate finance 11493: 11420: 11376:Reclaimed water 11329: 11281: 11253: 11210: 11164: 11150:Family planning 11131: 11004: 10961: 10943: 10938: 10908: 10903: 10849: 10848: 10847: 10816: 10807:Poultry farming 10760: 10715: 10708: 10679:Poultry farming 10569: 10545:Modern history 10525:Post-classical 10473: 10472: 10471: 10417:Organic farming 10272: 10271: 10267: 10231: 10208: 10203: 10151: 10146: 10133: 10129: 10124: 10120: 10111: 10107: 10096:Wayback Machine 10088: 10084: 10074: 10072: 10057: 10053: 10043: 10041: 10033: 10029: 9994: 9990: 9947: 9943: 9934: 9932: 9923: 9922: 9918: 9909: 9907: 9898: 9897: 9893: 9850: 9846: 9836: 9834: 9827: 9823: 9813: 9811: 9801: 9797: 9776: 9775: 9760: 9706: 9695: 9687: 9685: 9683: 9657: 9650: 9613: 9598: 9578: 9576: 9567: 9566: 9559: 9532: 9531: 9527: 9486: 9482: 9459: 9455: 9428: 9427: 9423: 9413: 9411: 9404: 9400: 9392: 9388: 9387: 9378: 9341: 9337: 9274: 9270: 9261: 9259: 9251: 9250: 9246: 9237: 9235: 9227: 9226: 9222: 9213: 9211: 9207: 9206: 9202: 9187: 9161: 9157: 9147: 9145: 9142:The Independent 9136: 9135: 9131: 9088: 9084: 9069: 9055: 9051: 9014: 9010: 8973: 8969: 8934:New Phytologist 8925: 8921: 8866: 8862: 8817: 8813: 8803: 8801: 8794: 8788: 8784: 8774: 8772: 8759: 8758: 8754: 8744: 8730: 8726: 8710: 8704: 8700: 8677: 8673: 8664: 8662: 8649: 8648: 8644: 8635: 8633: 8625: 8624: 8620: 8611: 8609: 8599: 8595: 8586: 8584: 8576: 8575: 8571: 8560: 8556: 8545: 8541: 8526: 8510: 8503: 8492: 8488: 8478: 8476: 8466: 8457: 8447: 8445: 8435: 8431: 8422: 8420: 8412: 8411: 8407: 8362: 8358: 8348: 8346: 8331: 8327: 8320: 8304: 8300: 8277: 8273: 8264: 8263: 8259: 8252: 8248: 8241: 8237: 8230: 8226: 8219: 8215: 8208: 8204: 8194: 8190: 8183: 8179: 8172: 8168: 8161: 8154: 8109: 8102: 8059: 8052: 8045: 8041: 8034: 8027: 8018: 8016: 8007: 8006: 8002: 7992: 7990: 7977: 7976: 7972: 7962: 7960: 7953: 7949: 7939: 7937: 7926: 7922: 7917:Wayback Machine 7903: 7899: 7881: 7877: 7865: 7861: 7824: 7817: 7810: 7798: 7797: 7793: 7750: 7741: 7731: 7729: 7724: 7723: 7714: 7651: 7647: 7637: 7635: 7627: 7626: 7622: 7612: 7610: 7601: 7600: 7596: 7580: 7579: 7573: 7571: 7567: 7560: 7558:"Archived copy" 7556: 7555: 7551: 7541: 7539: 7531: 7530: 7526: 7495: 7486: 7470: 7469: 7457: 7445: 7444: 7437: 7411: 7405: 7398: 7367: 7363: 7329: 7323: 7319: 7309: 7307: 7297: 7293: 7246: 7242: 7234: 7230: 7221: 7219: 7210: 7209: 7205: 7200: 7196: 7159: 7155: 7146: 7144: 7109: 7103: 7099: 7087: 7083: 7044: 7040: 6993: 6989: 6941: 6937: 6905: 6896: 6857: 6850: 6843: 6829: 6825: 6818: 6804: 6800: 6757: 6748: 6738: 6736: 6726: 6717: 6666: 6659: 6604: 6600: 6541: 6537: 6486: 6482: 6439: 6426: 6375: 6371: 6336: 6329: 6292: 6263: 6254: 6253: 6249: 6244: 6240: 6230: 6228: 6218: 6214: 6206: 6202: 6171: 6167: 6140: 6136: 6105: 6101: 6063: 6058: 6054: 6023: 6012: 6002: 6000: 5990: 5979: 5934: 5930: 5899: 5895: 5880: 5869: 5856: 5852: 5843: 5841: 5833: 5832: 5828: 5819: 5817: 5812: 5811: 5807: 5798: 5796: 5787: 5786: 5771: 5762: 5760: 5751: 5750: 5746: 5737: 5735: 5730: 5729: 5725: 5686: 5682: 5648: 5641: 5637: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5619: 5618: 5611: 5602: 5600: 5595: 5594: 5590: 5581: 5580: 5576: 5526: 5520: 5516: 5506: 5504: 5497: 5493: 5483: 5481: 5472: 5471: 5467: 5426:(5): e0152973. 5412: 5408: 5369: 5365: 5328: 5324: 5309: 5295: 5291: 5275: 5274: 5262: 5250: 5249: 5245: 5233: 5229: 5228: 5224: 5200: 5193: 5182:"CEP Factsheet" 5180: 5179: 5175: 5124: 5120: 5110: 5108: 5104: 5097: 5096: 5092: 5083: 5081: 5071: 5067: 5059: 5051: 5047: 5010: 5006: 4968: 4964: 4919: 4915: 4872: 4868: 4859: 4857: 4853: 4842: 4838: 4837: 4833: 4796: 4792: 4783: 4781: 4777: 4770: 4766: 4765: 4761: 4752: 4750: 4742: 4741: 4737: 4722: 4718: 4679: 4675: 4638: 4634: 4624: 4622: 4615: 4595: 4591: 4583: 4575: 4571: 4565:Wayback Machine 4556: 4552: 4537: 4513: 4509: 4494: 4472: 4465: 4418: 4409: 4367: 4360: 4320: 4314: 4307: 4278: 4265: 4258: 4254: 4245: 4243: 4238: 4237: 4233: 4178: 4174: 4127: 4123: 4088: 4084: 4057:Current Science 4049: 4045: 4036: 4034: 4026: 4025: 4021: 3974: 3970: 3919: 3915: 3872: 3868: 3856: 3855: 3846: 3845: 3841: 3827: 3823: 3814: 3812: 3808: 3801: 3793: 3789: 3779: 3777: 3762: 3758: 3705: 3698: 3689: 3682: 3677: 3673: 3638: 3634: 3622: 3616: 3612: 3611: 3607: 3598: 3597: 3590: 3537: 3533: 3480: 3476: 3423: 3419: 3409: 3407: 3402: 3401: 3397: 3388: 3384: 3339: 3332: 3325: 3311: 3307: 3262: 3258: 3248: 3246: 3233: 3232: 3228: 3218: 3216: 3211: 3210: 3206: 3197: 3195: 3192:asi.ucdavis.edu 3186: 3185: 3181: 3177: 3133:Natural farming 3098: 3091: 3084: 3079: 3077: 3070: 3065: 3063: 3056: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3038:food insecurity 3006: 2997: 2992: 2990:Other countries 2975: 2951: 2946: 2907:Future Policies 2877:commodity crops 2834: 2824:by 50% by 2030. 2814:by 50% by 2030. 2796:by 20% by 2030. 2759: 2753: 2742: 2730: 2709: 2657: 2648: 2620:rooftop gardens 2616: 2588: 2582: 2577: 2576: 2525: 2517: 2512: 2473: 2467: 2415: 2371:freshwater fish 2333: 2291: 2274: 2254:ecological debt 2249: 2233:no-till farming 2217: 2193: 2191:Organic Farming 2187: 2182: 2163:Perennial crops 2131: 2115: 2069: 2067:Pests and weeds 2027:Soil amendments 2024: 1981: 1947:intensification 1943: 1937: 1935:Intensification 1872: 1863: 1800: 1788:processed foods 1715:loss, improved 1672: 1667: 1614: 1586: 1580: 1557: 1470: 1465: 1419:drip irrigation 1413:technology and 1391: 1356: 1298: 1292: 1268:no-till farming 1241:soil management 1218: 1194: 1186:peak phosphorus 1160: 1108:nitrogen-fixing 1070: 1065: 1020:water resources 962: 938:pursuing their 923:pest management 894: 877: 841: 805: 803: 798: 797: 796: 795: 794: 785:Poultry farming 742: 734: 733: 732: 707: 699: 698: 697: 641:Organic farming 506: 498: 497: 496: 471: 461: 460: 459: 291: 281: 280: 279: 278: 277: 252:Modern history 232:Post-classical 185: 159: 86:water pollution 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 14087: 14077: 14076: 14071: 14066: 14061: 14044: 14043: 14041: 14040: 14035: 14030: 14025: 14020: 14015: 14010: 14005: 14000: 13995: 13990: 13985: 13980: 13975: 13970: 13965: 13960: 13955: 13949: 13944: 13939: 13934: 13929: 13922: 13920: 13916: 13915: 13913: 13912: 13909:hybrid vehicle 13906: 13900:Transportation 13897: 13892: 13891: 13890: 13885: 13875: 13870: 13864: 13859: 13854: 13848: 13843: 13838: 13833: 13827: 13825: 13819: 13818: 13816: 13815: 13809: 13804: 13799: 13794: 13788: 13783: 13778: 13773: 13767: 13760: 13758: 13752: 13751: 13744: 13742: 13740: 13739: 13733: 13728: 13723: 13718: 13713: 13708: 13703: 13698: 13693: 13687: 13682: 13680:Sustainability 13677: 13672: 13667: 13662: 13660:Green building 13657: 13652: 13647: 13642: 13637: 13632: 13627: 13625:Eco-innovation 13622: 13617: 13612: 13607: 13602: 13596: 13594: 13590: 13589: 13582: 13581: 13574: 13567: 13559: 13550: 13549: 13547: 13546: 13536: 13523: 13520: 13519: 13517: 13516: 13514:Sustainability 13511: 13506: 13501: 13496: 13490: 13488: 13487:Related topics 13484: 13483: 13481: 13480: 13475: 13470: 13465: 13460: 13455: 13450: 13445: 13440: 13435: 13430: 13425: 13419: 13417: 13412: 13409: 13408: 13406: 13405: 13400: 13399: 13398: 13393: 13388: 13378: 13376:Largest cities 13373: 13367: 13365: 13361: 13360: 13358: 13357: 13352: 13346: 13344: 13340: 13339: 13337: 13336: 13331: 13326: 13325: 13324: 13319: 13314: 13309: 13304: 13294: 13289: 13284: 13283: 13282: 13277: 13272: 13267: 13257: 13256: 13255: 13245: 13237: 13231: 13229: 13223: 13222: 13220: 13219: 13214: 13209: 13204: 13199: 13196:I = P × A × T 13192: 13187: 13181: 13179: 13172: 13169: 13168: 13166: 13165: 13160: 13155: 13150: 13149: 13148: 13138: 13132: 13130: 13123: 13120: 13119: 13117: 13116: 13111: 13106: 13101: 13096: 13091: 13086: 13080: 13078: 13074: 13073: 13066: 13065: 13058: 13051: 13043: 13034: 13033: 13031: 13030: 13018: 13006: 12994: 12979: 12976: 12975: 12973: 12972: 12967: 12962: 12957: 12952: 12947: 12945:Garden tourism 12942: 12937: 12935:Groundskeeping 12932: 12931: 12930: 12925: 12915: 12910: 12904: 12902: 12898: 12897: 12895: 12894: 12893: 12892: 12882: 12877: 12872: 12867: 12862: 12857: 12852: 12847: 12841: 12839: 12835: 12834: 12832: 12831: 12826: 12821: 12816: 12810: 12808: 12802: 12801: 12799: 12798: 12793: 12788: 12787: 12786: 12781: 12776: 12771: 12763: 12758: 12753: 12748: 12743: 12742: 12741: 12736: 12731: 12726: 12724:free-flowering 12721: 12716: 12706: 12701: 12696: 12691: 12686: 12681: 12676: 12671: 12666: 12665: 12664: 12659: 12649: 12644: 12639: 12638: 12637: 12627: 12622: 12617: 12616: 12615: 12605: 12600: 12599: 12598: 12593: 12588: 12583: 12572: 12570: 12564: 12563: 12561: 12560: 12555: 12550: 12545: 12540: 12535: 12530: 12525: 12520: 12515: 12510: 12505: 12500: 12495: 12490: 12485: 12480: 12475: 12470: 12465: 12460: 12455: 12450: 12445: 12440: 12435: 12430: 12425: 12420: 12419: 12418: 12413: 12408: 12398: 12393: 12388: 12383: 12378: 12373: 12368: 12363: 12358: 12353: 12348: 12343: 12338: 12333: 12328: 12323: 12318: 12313: 12312: 12311: 12306: 12301: 12293: 12288: 12283: 12278: 12277: 12276: 12266: 12265: 12264: 12259: 12254: 12253: 12252: 12247: 12237: 12236: 12235: 12220: 12215: 12210: 12205: 12200: 12199: 12198: 12188: 12183: 12178: 12173: 12168: 12163: 12158: 12153: 12148: 12143: 12138: 12133: 12128: 12123: 12117: 12115: 12107: 12106: 12104: 12103: 12098: 12093: 12088: 12083: 12078: 12073: 12068: 12063: 12058: 12053: 12048: 12043: 12041:Groundskeeping 12038: 12037: 12036: 12034:computer-aided 12026: 12021: 12016: 12011: 12006: 12001: 11996: 11991: 11986: 11980: 11978: 11972: 11971: 11960: 11959: 11952: 11945: 11937: 11928: 11927: 11925: 11924: 11917: 11910: 11903: 11891: 11878: 11875: 11874: 11872: 11871: 11865: 11864:(Rio+20, 2012) 11859: 11853: 11848: 11842: 11836: 11831: 11826: 11820: 11815: 11807: 11802: 11794: 11792: 11786: 11785: 11783: 11782: 11777: 11772: 11767: 11762: 11757: 11752: 11747: 11742: 11737: 11731: 11729: 11723: 11722: 11720: 11719: 11714: 11709: 11704: 11699: 11694: 11689: 11684: 11679: 11674: 11669: 11664: 11659: 11654: 11649: 11644: 11639: 11634: 11629: 11624: 11619: 11618: 11617: 11612: 11610:Infrastructure 11607: 11597: 11592: 11587: 11582: 11577: 11572: 11567: 11562: 11557: 11552: 11547: 11542: 11540:Eco-capitalism 11537: 11532: 11527: 11522: 11517: 11512: 11507: 11501: 11499: 11495: 11494: 11492: 11491: 11486: 11485: 11484: 11479: 11474: 11469: 11464: 11457:Sustainability 11454: 11449: 11444: 11439: 11434: 11428: 11426: 11425:Accountability 11422: 11421: 11419: 11418: 11413: 11408: 11403: 11398: 11393: 11388: 11383: 11378: 11373: 11368: 11363: 11358: 11353: 11348: 11343: 11337: 11335: 11331: 11330: 11328: 11327: 11322: 11317: 11312: 11307: 11302: 11297: 11291: 11289: 11283: 11282: 11280: 11279: 11274: 11269: 11263: 11261: 11255: 11254: 11252: 11251: 11246: 11241: 11236: 11231: 11226: 11220: 11218: 11212: 11211: 11209: 11208: 11203: 11198: 11193: 11188: 11183: 11178: 11172: 11170: 11166: 11165: 11163: 11162: 11157: 11152: 11147: 11141: 11139: 11133: 11132: 11130: 11129: 11124: 11119: 11118: 11117: 11112: 11102: 11101: 11100: 11095: 11090: 11083:Sustainability 11080: 11075: 11070: 11065: 11060: 11055: 11050: 11045: 11040: 11035: 11030: 11025: 11020: 11018:Anthropization 11014: 11012: 11006: 11005: 11003: 11002: 10997: 10992: 10987: 10982: 10977: 10971: 10969: 10963: 10962: 10960: 10959: 10954: 10948: 10945: 10944: 10941:Sustainability 10937: 10936: 10929: 10922: 10914: 10905: 10904: 10902: 10890: 10878: 10866: 10854: 10851: 10850: 10846: 10841: 10836: 10831: 10826: 10825: 10824: 10822: 10818: 10817: 10815: 10814: 10809: 10804: 10799: 10794: 10789: 10784: 10779: 10774: 10768: 10766: 10762: 10761: 10759: 10758: 10753: 10752: 10751: 10741: 10736: 10731: 10726: 10720: 10718: 10710: 10709: 10707: 10706: 10701: 10696: 10691: 10686: 10681: 10676: 10671: 10670: 10669: 10659: 10654: 10649: 10648: 10647: 10637: 10635:Insect farming 10632: 10627: 10626: 10625: 10620: 10610: 10605: 10600: 10595: 10590: 10585: 10579: 10577: 10571: 10570: 10568: 10567: 10566: 10561: 10556: 10551: 10543: 10542: 10541: 10536: 10531: 10523: 10522: 10521: 10516: 10514:Ancient Greece 10511: 10503: 10502: 10501: 10496: 10491: 10483: 10481: 10475: 10474: 10470: 10469: 10464: 10459: 10454: 10451: 10450: 10449: 10444: 10434: 10429: 10424: 10419: 10414: 10409: 10408: 10407: 10402: 10397: 10387: 10382: 10377: 10372: 10367: 10362: 10357: 10352: 10347: 10342: 10337: 10332: 10327: 10326: 10325: 10320: 10310: 10305: 10300: 10295: 10290: 10284: 10283: 10282: 10280: 10274: 10273: 10270: 10268: 10266: 10265: 10260: 10255: 10250: 10245: 10239: 10237: 10233: 10232: 10230: 10229: 10224: 10219: 10213: 10210: 10209: 10202: 10201: 10194: 10187: 10179: 10150: 10147: 10145: 10144: 10127: 10118: 10105: 10082: 10071:on 6 June 2013 10051: 10027: 10008:(6): 930–945. 9988: 9961:(3): 471–492. 9941: 9916: 9891: 9844: 9833:. The Guardian 9821: 9795: 9758: 9693: 9681: 9648: 9596: 9557: 9543:10.52487/49704 9536:. 2021-11-16. 9525: 9480: 9453: 9439:10.52487/49704 9432:. 2021-11-16. 9421: 9398: 9376: 9335: 9268: 9244: 9220: 9200: 9185: 9155: 9144:. 13 June 2013 9129: 9082: 9067: 9049: 9008: 8981:Sustainability 8967: 8940:(1): 107–117. 8919: 8860: 8811: 8782: 8752: 8742: 8724: 8698: 8671: 8642: 8618: 8593: 8569: 8554: 8539: 8524: 8501: 8486: 8455: 8429: 8405: 8376:(1): 1724354. 8356: 8325: 8318: 8298: 8271: 8257: 8246: 8235: 8224: 8213: 8202: 8188: 8177: 8166: 8152: 8123:(3): 209–223. 8100: 8073:(3): 232–241. 8050: 8039: 8025: 8000: 7970: 7947: 7920: 7897: 7875: 7859: 7838:(4): 325–331. 7815: 7809:978-9251040270 7808: 7791: 7764:(6): 112–120. 7739: 7712: 7645: 7620: 7594: 7549: 7524: 7484: 7455: 7435: 7396: 7361: 7317: 7291: 7240: 7228: 7203: 7194: 7153: 7097: 7081: 7038: 6987: 6935: 6894: 6848: 6841: 6823: 6816: 6798: 6746: 6715: 6680:(4): 291–302. 6657: 6598: 6555:(3): 766–774. 6535: 6500:(2): 153–168. 6480: 6453:(6): 511–523. 6424: 6389:(4): 381–404. 6369: 6327: 6300:Sustainability 6261: 6247: 6238: 6212: 6200: 6181:(3): 225–240. 6165: 6134: 6115:(2): 119–133. 6099: 6061: 6052: 6033:(3): 428–437. 6010: 5977: 5928: 5903:Virus Research 5893: 5867: 5850: 5826: 5805: 5769: 5744: 5723: 5695:Energy Reports 5680: 5659:(3): 135–153. 5646: 5635: 5609: 5588: 5574: 5537:(5): 737–761. 5514: 5503:. The Guardian 5491: 5465: 5406: 5379:(2): 120–132. 5363: 5342:(3): 857–868. 5322: 5308:978-1439895610 5307: 5289: 5261:978-1466513471 5260: 5243: 5222: 5191: 5188:on 2013-02-13. 5173: 5118: 5090: 5065: 5045: 5024:(2): 275–284. 5004: 4962: 4933:(5): 877–886. 4913: 4866: 4831: 4810:(6): 817–822. 4790: 4773:. 2009-09-18. 4759: 4735: 4716: 4689:(2): 292–305. 4673: 4652:(2): 491–507. 4632: 4613: 4589: 4569: 4550: 4535: 4507: 4492: 4463: 4407: 4358: 4305: 4292:(4): 175–182. 4263: 4252: 4231: 4172: 4121: 4102:(3): 180–191. 4082: 4043: 4019: 3968: 3933:(4): 844–853. 3913: 3866: 3840:978-0867208719 3839: 3821: 3787: 3756: 3696: 3680: 3671: 3652:(2): 123–134. 3632: 3605: 3588: 3531: 3474: 3437:(1): 3–15.e1. 3417: 3395: 3382: 3330: 3323: 3305: 3276:(3): 198–209. 3256: 3226: 3204: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3172: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3156: 3151: 3146: 3141: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3123:Forest farming 3120: 3115: 3110: 3104: 3103: 3089: 3075: 3072:Ecology portal 3061: 3045: 3042: 3028:Thomas Malthus 3005: 3002: 2996: 2993: 2991: 2988: 2974: 2971: 2950: 2947: 2945: 2942: 2929:agroecological 2925:Green New Deal 2913:Green New Deal 2833: 2830: 2829: 2828: 2825: 2818: 2815: 2804: 2797: 2790: 2783: 2752: 2751:European Union 2749: 2740: 2729: 2726: 2708: 2705: 2656: 2653: 2647: 2644: 2628:garden sharing 2615: 2612: 2607:perennial crop 2598:with a single 2581: 2578: 2565:David Holmgren 2526: 2518: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2469:Main article: 2466: 2463: 2414: 2411: 2375:eutrophication 2349:slash-and-char 2345:slash-and-burn 2332: 2329: 2328: 2327: 2323: 2320: 2317: 2314: 2290: 2287: 2273: 2270: 2269: 2268: 2264: 2257: 2248: 2245: 2216: 2213: 2189:Main article: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2151:soil nutrients 2130: 2127: 2114: 2111: 2076:Sheet steaming 2068: 2065: 2048:rock phosphate 2046:A way to make 2023: 2020: 2007:water shortage 1980: 1977: 1939:Main article: 1936: 1933: 1871: 1868: 1862: 1859: 1844:soil formation 1816:sustainability 1799: 1796: 1723:take time. In 1721:microorganisms 1717:soil structure 1700:Climate change 1676:sustainability 1671: 1668: 1666: 1663: 1646:study and the 1613: 1610: 1582:Main article: 1579: 1576: 1565:farmers market 1556: 1553: 1494:United Nations 1469: 1466: 1464: 1463:Social factors 1461: 1456: 1455: 1452: 1449: 1446: 1439: 1390: 1387: 1355: 1352: 1291: 1288: 1272:keyline design 1253:climate change 1226:Andhra Pradesh 1217: 1214: 1193: 1190: 1182:rock phosphate 1175:eutrophication 1159: 1156: 1132: 1131: 1128: 1117: 1088: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1052:eutrophication 961: 958: 931: 930: 919: 916: 913: 893: 892:Key principles 890: 876: 873: 869: 868: 865: 862: 859: 856: 843: 842: 840: 839: 832: 825: 817: 814: 813: 800: 799: 793: 792: 787: 782: 777: 772: 767: 762: 757: 752: 746: 745: 744: 743: 740: 739: 736: 735: 731: 730: 725: 720: 715: 709: 708: 705: 704: 701: 700: 696: 695: 690: 685: 680: 675: 674: 673: 668: 658: 653: 648: 643: 638: 633: 632: 631: 626: 621: 611: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 556: 551: 550: 549: 544: 534: 529: 524: 519: 514: 508: 507: 504: 503: 500: 499: 495: 494: 489: 484: 479: 473: 472: 467: 466: 463: 462: 458: 457: 452: 447: 442: 440:Slash-and-burn 437: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 394: 393: 388: 383: 373: 368: 367: 366: 361: 351: 346: 341: 336: 331: 326: 325: 324: 319: 314: 309: 299: 293: 292: 287: 286: 283: 282: 276: 275: 274: 273: 268: 263: 258: 250: 249: 248: 243: 238: 230: 229: 228: 223: 221:Ancient Greece 218: 210: 209: 208: 203: 198: 189: 188: 187: 186: 181: 180: 177: 176: 168: 167: 158: 155: 82:water scarcity 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 14086: 14075: 14072: 14070: 14067: 14065: 14062: 14060: 14057: 14056: 14054: 14039: 14036: 14034: 14031: 14029: 14026: 14024: 14021: 14019: 14016: 14014: 14011: 14009: 14006: 14004: 14001: 13999: 13996: 13994: 13991: 13989: 13986: 13984: 13981: 13979: 13976: 13974: 13971: 13969: 13966: 13964: 13961: 13959: 13956: 13953: 13952:New Classical 13950: 13948: 13945: 13943: 13940: 13938: 13935: 13933: 13930: 13928: 13924: 13923: 13921: 13917: 13910: 13907: 13905: 13901: 13898: 13896: 13893: 13889: 13886: 13884: 13881: 13880: 13879: 13876: 13874: 13871: 13868: 13865: 13863: 13860: 13858: 13855: 13853: 13849: 13847: 13844: 13842: 13839: 13837: 13834: 13832: 13829: 13828: 13826: 13824: 13820: 13813: 13810: 13808: 13805: 13803: 13800: 13798: 13795: 13793: 13789: 13787: 13784: 13782: 13779: 13777: 13774: 13771: 13768: 13766: 13762: 13761: 13759: 13757: 13753: 13748: 13737: 13734: 13732: 13729: 13727: 13726:refurbishment 13724: 13722: 13719: 13717: 13714: 13712: 13709: 13707: 13704: 13702: 13699: 13697: 13694: 13692: 13689:Sustainable ( 13688: 13686: 13683: 13681: 13678: 13676: 13673: 13671: 13668: 13666: 13665:Green vehicle 13663: 13661: 13658: 13656: 13653: 13651: 13648: 13646: 13643: 13641: 13638: 13636: 13633: 13631: 13630:Ecotechnology 13628: 13626: 13623: 13621: 13618: 13616: 13613: 13611: 13608: 13606: 13603: 13601: 13598: 13597: 13595: 13591: 13587: 13580: 13575: 13573: 13568: 13566: 13561: 13560: 13557: 13545: 13537: 13535: 13534: 13525: 13524: 13521: 13515: 13512: 13510: 13507: 13505: 13502: 13500: 13497: 13495: 13494:Bennett's law 13492: 13491: 13489: 13485: 13479: 13476: 13474: 13471: 13469: 13466: 13464: 13461: 13459: 13456: 13454: 13451: 13449: 13446: 13444: 13441: 13439: 13436: 13434: 13431: 13429: 13426: 13424: 13421: 13420: 13418: 13415:organizations 13410: 13404: 13401: 13397: 13394: 13392: 13389: 13387: 13384: 13383: 13382: 13379: 13377: 13374: 13372: 13369: 13368: 13366: 13362: 13356: 13353: 13351: 13348: 13347: 13345: 13341: 13335: 13332: 13330: 13327: 13323: 13320: 13318: 13315: 13313: 13310: 13308: 13305: 13303: 13300: 13299: 13298: 13295: 13293: 13290: 13288: 13285: 13281: 13278: 13276: 13273: 13271: 13268: 13266: 13263: 13262: 13261: 13258: 13254: 13251: 13250: 13249: 13246: 13244: 13242: 13238: 13236: 13233: 13232: 13230: 13224: 13218: 13215: 13213: 13210: 13208: 13205: 13203: 13202:Kaya identity 13200: 13197: 13193: 13191: 13188: 13186: 13183: 13182: 13180: 13177: 13170: 13164: 13161: 13159: 13156: 13154: 13151: 13147: 13144: 13143: 13142: 13139: 13137: 13134: 13133: 13131: 13128: 13121: 13115: 13112: 13110: 13107: 13105: 13102: 13100: 13097: 13095: 13092: 13090: 13087: 13085: 13082: 13081: 13079: 13075: 13071: 13064: 13059: 13057: 13052: 13050: 13045: 13044: 13041: 13029: 13028: 13019: 13017: 13016: 13007: 13005: 13004: 12995: 12993: 12992: 12987: 12981: 12980: 12977: 12971: 12968: 12966: 12963: 12961: 12958: 12956: 12953: 12951: 12948: 12946: 12943: 12941: 12940:Garden centre 12938: 12936: 12933: 12929: 12926: 12924: 12921: 12920: 12919: 12918:Floral design 12916: 12914: 12911: 12909: 12906: 12905: 12903: 12899: 12891: 12888: 12887: 12886: 12883: 12881: 12878: 12876: 12873: 12871: 12868: 12866: 12863: 12861: 12858: 12856: 12853: 12851: 12848: 12846: 12843: 12842: 12840: 12836: 12830: 12827: 12825: 12822: 12820: 12817: 12815: 12812: 12811: 12809: 12807: 12803: 12797: 12794: 12792: 12789: 12785: 12784:reforestation 12782: 12780: 12777: 12775: 12772: 12770: 12767: 12766: 12764: 12762: 12759: 12757: 12754: 12752: 12749: 12747: 12744: 12740: 12737: 12735: 12732: 12730: 12727: 12725: 12722: 12720: 12717: 12715: 12712: 12711: 12710: 12707: 12705: 12702: 12700: 12697: 12695: 12694:Intercropping 12692: 12690: 12687: 12685: 12682: 12680: 12677: 12675: 12672: 12670: 12667: 12663: 12660: 12658: 12655: 12654: 12653: 12650: 12648: 12645: 12643: 12640: 12636: 12635:most valuable 12633: 12632: 12631: 12628: 12626: 12623: 12621: 12618: 12614: 12611: 12610: 12609: 12606: 12604: 12603:Arboriculture 12601: 12597: 12594: 12592: 12589: 12587: 12584: 12582: 12579: 12578: 12577: 12574: 12573: 12571: 12569: 12565: 12559: 12556: 12554: 12551: 12549: 12546: 12544: 12541: 12539: 12536: 12534: 12531: 12529: 12526: 12524: 12521: 12519: 12516: 12514: 12511: 12509: 12506: 12504: 12501: 12499: 12496: 12494: 12491: 12489: 12486: 12484: 12481: 12479: 12476: 12474: 12471: 12469: 12466: 12464: 12461: 12459: 12456: 12454: 12451: 12449: 12446: 12444: 12441: 12439: 12436: 12434: 12431: 12429: 12426: 12424: 12421: 12417: 12414: 12412: 12409: 12407: 12404: 12403: 12402: 12399: 12397: 12394: 12392: 12389: 12387: 12384: 12382: 12379: 12377: 12374: 12372: 12369: 12367: 12364: 12362: 12359: 12357: 12354: 12352: 12349: 12347: 12344: 12342: 12339: 12337: 12334: 12332: 12329: 12327: 12324: 12322: 12319: 12317: 12314: 12310: 12307: 12305: 12302: 12300: 12297: 12296: 12294: 12292: 12289: 12287: 12284: 12282: 12279: 12275: 12272: 12271: 12270: 12267: 12263: 12260: 12258: 12255: 12251: 12248: 12246: 12243: 12242: 12241: 12238: 12234: 12231: 12230: 12229: 12226: 12225: 12224: 12221: 12219: 12216: 12214: 12211: 12209: 12206: 12204: 12201: 12197: 12196:Garden square 12194: 12193: 12192: 12189: 12187: 12184: 12182: 12179: 12177: 12174: 12172: 12169: 12167: 12164: 12162: 12159: 12157: 12154: 12152: 12149: 12147: 12144: 12142: 12139: 12137: 12134: 12132: 12129: 12127: 12126:Ancient Egypt 12124: 12122: 12119: 12118: 12116: 12114: 12108: 12102: 12099: 12097: 12094: 12092: 12089: 12087: 12084: 12082: 12079: 12077: 12074: 12072: 12069: 12067: 12064: 12062: 12059: 12057: 12054: 12052: 12049: 12047: 12044: 12042: 12039: 12035: 12032: 12031: 12030: 12029:Garden design 12027: 12025: 12022: 12020: 12017: 12015: 12012: 12010: 12007: 12005: 12002: 12000: 11997: 11995: 11992: 11990: 11987: 11985: 11982: 11981: 11979: 11977: 11973: 11969: 11965: 11958: 11953: 11951: 11946: 11944: 11939: 11938: 11935: 11923: 11922: 11918: 11916: 11915: 11911: 11909: 11908: 11904: 11902: 11901: 11892: 11890: 11889: 11880: 11879: 11876: 11869: 11866: 11863: 11860: 11857: 11854: 11852: 11849: 11846: 11845:Earth Charter 11843: 11840: 11837: 11835: 11832: 11830: 11827: 11824: 11821: 11819: 11816: 11814: 11812: 11808: 11806: 11803: 11801: 11796: 11795: 11793: 11787: 11781: 11778: 11776: 11773: 11771: 11768: 11766: 11763: 11761: 11758: 11756: 11753: 11751: 11748: 11746: 11743: 11741: 11738: 11736: 11735:Environmental 11733: 11732: 11730: 11728: 11724: 11718: 11715: 11713: 11710: 11708: 11705: 11703: 11700: 11698: 11695: 11693: 11690: 11688: 11685: 11683: 11680: 11678: 11675: 11673: 11670: 11668: 11667:Refurbishment 11665: 11663: 11660: 11658: 11657:Organizations 11655: 11653: 11650: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11640: 11638: 11635: 11633: 11630: 11628: 11625: 11623: 11620: 11616: 11613: 11611: 11608: 11606: 11603: 11602: 11601: 11598: 11596: 11593: 11591: 11588: 11586: 11583: 11581: 11578: 11576: 11573: 11571: 11570:Green economy 11568: 11566: 11563: 11561: 11558: 11556: 11555:Eco-socialism 11553: 11551: 11550:Eco-investing 11548: 11546: 11543: 11541: 11538: 11536: 11535:Disinvestment 11533: 11531: 11528: 11526: 11523: 11521: 11518: 11516: 11513: 11511: 11508: 11506: 11503: 11502: 11500: 11496: 11490: 11487: 11483: 11480: 11478: 11475: 11473: 11470: 11468: 11465: 11463: 11460: 11459: 11458: 11455: 11453: 11450: 11448: 11445: 11443: 11440: 11438: 11435: 11433: 11430: 11429: 11427: 11423: 11417: 11414: 11412: 11409: 11407: 11404: 11402: 11399: 11397: 11394: 11392: 11389: 11387: 11384: 11382: 11379: 11377: 11374: 11372: 11369: 11367: 11364: 11362: 11359: 11357: 11356:Marine energy 11354: 11352: 11349: 11347: 11344: 11342: 11339: 11338: 11336: 11332: 11326: 11323: 11321: 11318: 11316: 11313: 11311: 11310:Cultured meat 11308: 11306: 11303: 11301: 11298: 11296: 11293: 11292: 11290: 11288: 11284: 11278: 11275: 11273: 11270: 11268: 11265: 11264: 11262: 11260: 11256: 11250: 11247: 11245: 11242: 11240: 11237: 11235: 11232: 11230: 11227: 11225: 11222: 11221: 11219: 11217: 11213: 11207: 11204: 11202: 11199: 11197: 11194: 11192: 11189: 11187: 11184: 11182: 11179: 11177: 11174: 11173: 11171: 11167: 11161: 11158: 11156: 11153: 11151: 11148: 11146: 11143: 11142: 11140: 11138: 11134: 11128: 11125: 11123: 11120: 11116: 11113: 11111: 11108: 11107: 11106: 11103: 11099: 11096: 11094: 11091: 11089: 11086: 11085: 11084: 11081: 11079: 11076: 11074: 11071: 11069: 11068:Simple living 11066: 11064: 11061: 11059: 11056: 11054: 11051: 11049: 11046: 11044: 11041: 11039: 11036: 11034: 11031: 11029: 11026: 11024: 11021: 11019: 11016: 11015: 11013: 11011: 11007: 11001: 10998: 10996: 10993: 10991: 10988: 10986: 10983: 10981: 10978: 10976: 10973: 10972: 10970: 10968: 10964: 10958: 10955: 10953: 10950: 10949: 10946: 10942: 10935: 10930: 10928: 10923: 10921: 10916: 10915: 10912: 10901: 10900: 10891: 10889: 10888: 10879: 10877: 10876: 10871: 10867: 10865: 10864: 10855: 10852: 10845: 10842: 10840: 10837: 10835: 10832: 10830: 10827: 10823: 10819: 10813: 10810: 10808: 10805: 10803: 10802:Meat industry 10800: 10798: 10795: 10793: 10790: 10788: 10787:Biotechnology 10785: 10783: 10780: 10778: 10775: 10773: 10770: 10769: 10767: 10763: 10757: 10754: 10750: 10747: 10746: 10745: 10742: 10740: 10737: 10735: 10732: 10730: 10727: 10725: 10722: 10721: 10719: 10717: 10714:Environmental 10711: 10705: 10702: 10700: 10697: 10695: 10694:Sheep farming 10692: 10690: 10687: 10685: 10682: 10680: 10677: 10675: 10672: 10668: 10665: 10664: 10663: 10660: 10658: 10655: 10653: 10650: 10646: 10643: 10642: 10641: 10638: 10636: 10633: 10631: 10628: 10624: 10621: 10619: 10616: 10615: 10614: 10611: 10609: 10606: 10604: 10601: 10599: 10598:Dairy farming 10596: 10594: 10591: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10580: 10578: 10576: 10575:Farming Types 10572: 10565: 10562: 10560: 10557: 10555: 10552: 10550: 10547: 10546: 10544: 10540: 10537: 10535: 10532: 10530: 10527: 10526: 10524: 10520: 10517: 10515: 10512: 10510: 10509:Ancient Egypt 10507: 10506: 10504: 10500: 10497: 10495: 10492: 10490: 10487: 10486: 10484: 10482: 10480: 10476: 10468: 10465: 10463: 10460: 10458: 10455: 10452: 10448: 10445: 10443: 10440: 10439: 10438: 10435: 10433: 10430: 10428: 10425: 10423: 10422:Paludiculture 10420: 10418: 10415: 10413: 10410: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10398: 10396: 10393: 10392: 10391: 10388: 10386: 10383: 10381: 10378: 10376: 10373: 10371: 10368: 10366: 10363: 10361: 10358: 10356: 10353: 10351: 10348: 10346: 10343: 10341: 10338: 10336: 10333: 10331: 10328: 10324: 10323:Biotechnology 10321: 10319: 10316: 10315: 10314: 10311: 10309: 10306: 10304: 10301: 10299: 10296: 10294: 10291: 10289: 10286: 10285: 10281: 10279: 10275: 10264: 10261: 10259: 10256: 10254: 10251: 10249: 10246: 10244: 10243:Agriculturist 10241: 10240: 10238: 10234: 10228: 10225: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10214: 10211: 10207: 10200: 10195: 10193: 10188: 10186: 10181: 10180: 10177: 10173: 10171: 10170: 10165: 10161: 10156: 10141: 10137: 10131: 10122: 10115: 10109: 10102: 10097: 10093: 10090: 10086: 10070: 10066: 10062: 10055: 10040: 10039: 10031: 10023: 10019: 10015: 10011: 10007: 10003: 9999: 9992: 9984: 9980: 9976: 9972: 9968: 9964: 9960: 9956: 9952: 9945: 9930: 9926: 9920: 9905: 9901: 9895: 9887: 9883: 9879: 9875: 9871: 9867: 9863: 9859: 9855: 9848: 9832: 9825: 9810: 9806: 9799: 9791: 9787: 9783: 9782: 9773: 9771: 9769: 9767: 9765: 9763: 9754: 9750: 9746: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9728: 9724: 9720: 9716: 9712: 9704: 9702: 9700: 9698: 9684: 9678: 9674: 9670: 9666: 9662: 9655: 9653: 9644: 9640: 9635: 9630: 9626: 9622: 9618: 9611: 9609: 9607: 9605: 9603: 9601: 9593: 9588: 9574: 9570: 9564: 9562: 9553: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9535: 9529: 9521: 9517: 9512: 9507: 9503: 9499: 9495: 9491: 9484: 9476: 9472: 9468: 9464: 9457: 9449: 9445: 9440: 9435: 9431: 9425: 9409: 9402: 9391: 9385: 9383: 9381: 9372: 9368: 9363: 9358: 9354: 9350: 9346: 9339: 9331: 9327: 9322: 9317: 9313: 9309: 9304: 9299: 9295: 9291: 9287: 9283: 9279: 9272: 9258: 9254: 9248: 9234: 9230: 9224: 9210: 9204: 9196: 9192: 9188: 9182: 9178: 9174: 9170: 9166: 9159: 9143: 9139: 9133: 9125: 9121: 9117: 9113: 9109: 9105: 9101: 9097: 9093: 9086: 9078: 9074: 9070: 9068:9781136414329 9064: 9060: 9053: 9044: 9039: 9035: 9031: 9027: 9023: 9019: 9012: 9004: 9000: 8995: 8990: 8986: 8982: 8978: 8971: 8963: 8959: 8955: 8951: 8947: 8943: 8939: 8935: 8931: 8923: 8914: 8909: 8905: 8901: 8896: 8891: 8887: 8883: 8879: 8875: 8871: 8864: 8856: 8852: 8847: 8842: 8838: 8834: 8830: 8826: 8822: 8815: 8800: 8793: 8786: 8770: 8766: 8762: 8756: 8749: 8745: 8743:9780865717848 8739: 8735: 8728: 8721: 8720:civilisation. 8716: 8709: 8702: 8695: 8690: 8686: 8682: 8675: 8661:on 2016-03-13 8660: 8656: 8652: 8646: 8632: 8628: 8622: 8608: 8604: 8597: 8583: 8579: 8573: 8565: 8558: 8550: 8543: 8535: 8531: 8527: 8521: 8517: 8516: 8508: 8506: 8497: 8490: 8475: 8471: 8464: 8462: 8460: 8444: 8440: 8433: 8419: 8415: 8409: 8401: 8397: 8392: 8387: 8383: 8379: 8375: 8371: 8367: 8360: 8344: 8340: 8336: 8329: 8321: 8315: 8311: 8310: 8302: 8294: 8290: 8286: 8282: 8275: 8267: 8261: 8255: 8250: 8244: 8239: 8233: 8228: 8222: 8217: 8211: 8206: 8200: 8198: 8192: 8186: 8181: 8174: 8170: 8163: 8159: 8157: 8148: 8144: 8140: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8122: 8118: 8114: 8107: 8105: 8096: 8092: 8088: 8084: 8080: 8076: 8072: 8068: 8064: 8057: 8055: 8047: 8043: 8036: 8032: 8030: 8015:on 2010-04-06 8014: 8010: 8004: 7988: 7984: 7980: 7974: 7958: 7951: 7935: 7931: 7924: 7918: 7914: 7911: 7907: 7904:Dale Rhoads, 7901: 7895: 7894: 7890: 7886: 7879: 7873: 7869: 7863: 7855: 7851: 7846: 7841: 7837: 7833: 7829: 7822: 7820: 7811: 7805: 7801: 7795: 7787: 7783: 7779: 7775: 7771: 7767: 7763: 7759: 7755: 7748: 7746: 7744: 7727: 7721: 7719: 7717: 7708: 7704: 7700: 7696: 7691: 7686: 7681: 7676: 7672: 7668: 7664: 7660: 7656: 7649: 7634: 7630: 7624: 7608: 7604: 7598: 7590: 7584: 7570:on 2017-05-17 7566: 7559: 7553: 7538: 7534: 7528: 7520: 7516: 7512: 7508: 7504: 7500: 7493: 7491: 7489: 7480: 7474: 7466: 7462: 7458: 7456:9783662103722 7452: 7448: 7442: 7440: 7430: 7425: 7421: 7417: 7410: 7403: 7401: 7392: 7388: 7384: 7380: 7377:(1): 715–41. 7376: 7372: 7365: 7356: 7351: 7347: 7343: 7339: 7335: 7328: 7321: 7306: 7305:New Scientist 7302: 7295: 7287: 7283: 7279: 7275: 7271: 7267: 7263: 7259: 7255: 7251: 7250:Nature Plants 7244: 7238: 7232: 7218:on 2010-05-05 7217: 7213: 7207: 7198: 7190: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7164: 7157: 7143: 7139: 7135: 7131: 7127: 7123: 7119: 7115: 7108: 7101: 7094: 7090: 7085: 7077: 7073: 7069: 7065: 7061: 7057: 7053: 7049: 7042: 7034: 7030: 7026: 7022: 7018: 7014: 7010: 7006: 7002: 6998: 6991: 6983: 6979: 6975: 6971: 6967: 6963: 6959: 6955: 6952:: S112–S123. 6951: 6947: 6939: 6931: 6927: 6923: 6919: 6915: 6911: 6903: 6901: 6899: 6890: 6886: 6882: 6878: 6874: 6870: 6866: 6862: 6855: 6853: 6844: 6838: 6834: 6827: 6819: 6813: 6809: 6802: 6794: 6790: 6786: 6782: 6778: 6774: 6770: 6766: 6762: 6755: 6753: 6751: 6735: 6731: 6724: 6722: 6720: 6711: 6707: 6703: 6699: 6695: 6691: 6687: 6683: 6679: 6675: 6671: 6664: 6662: 6653: 6649: 6644: 6639: 6635: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6617: 6613: 6609: 6602: 6594: 6590: 6586: 6582: 6578: 6574: 6570: 6566: 6562: 6558: 6554: 6550: 6546: 6539: 6531: 6527: 6523: 6519: 6515: 6511: 6507: 6503: 6499: 6495: 6491: 6484: 6476: 6472: 6468: 6464: 6460: 6456: 6452: 6448: 6444: 6437: 6435: 6433: 6431: 6429: 6420: 6416: 6412: 6408: 6404: 6400: 6396: 6392: 6388: 6384: 6380: 6373: 6365: 6361: 6357: 6353: 6349: 6345: 6341: 6334: 6332: 6323: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6306:(20): 13277. 6305: 6301: 6297: 6290: 6288: 6286: 6284: 6282: 6280: 6278: 6276: 6274: 6272: 6270: 6268: 6266: 6257: 6251: 6242: 6227: 6223: 6216: 6210: 6204: 6196: 6192: 6188: 6184: 6180: 6176: 6169: 6161: 6157: 6153: 6149: 6145: 6138: 6130: 6126: 6122: 6118: 6114: 6110: 6103: 6095: 6091: 6087: 6083: 6079: 6075: 6071: 6067: 6066:AIChE Journal 6064:enrichment". 6056: 6048: 6044: 6040: 6036: 6032: 6028: 6021: 6019: 6017: 6015: 5999: 5995: 5988: 5986: 5984: 5982: 5973: 5969: 5964: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5947: 5943: 5939: 5932: 5924: 5920: 5916: 5912: 5908: 5904: 5897: 5889: 5885: 5878: 5876: 5874: 5872: 5864: 5860: 5854: 5840: 5836: 5830: 5815: 5809: 5795:on 2007-04-21 5794: 5790: 5784: 5782: 5780: 5778: 5776: 5774: 5759:on 2016-04-22 5758: 5754: 5748: 5733: 5727: 5718: 5713: 5709: 5705: 5701: 5697: 5696: 5691: 5684: 5676: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5658: 5654: 5650: 5639: 5622: 5616: 5614: 5598: 5592: 5584: 5578: 5570: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5552: 5548: 5544: 5540: 5536: 5532: 5531:Human Ecology 5525: 5518: 5502: 5495: 5479: 5475: 5469: 5461: 5457: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5433: 5429: 5425: 5421: 5417: 5410: 5402: 5398: 5394: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5374: 5367: 5358: 5353: 5349: 5345: 5341: 5337: 5333: 5326: 5318: 5314: 5310: 5304: 5300: 5293: 5285: 5279: 5271: 5267: 5263: 5257: 5253: 5247: 5239: 5232: 5226: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5206: 5198: 5196: 5187: 5183: 5177: 5169: 5165: 5161: 5157: 5153: 5149: 5145: 5141: 5138:(1–2): 6–23. 5137: 5133: 5129: 5122: 5103: 5102: 5094: 5080: 5076: 5069: 5058: 5057: 5049: 5041: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5023: 5019: 5015: 5008: 5000: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4982: 4978: 4977:Ciência Rural 4974: 4966: 4958: 4954: 4950: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4932: 4928: 4924: 4917: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4885: 4881: 4877: 4870: 4856:on 2020-06-03 4852: 4848: 4841: 4835: 4827: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4809: 4805: 4804:Revista Ceres 4801: 4794: 4776: 4769: 4763: 4749: 4745: 4739: 4733: 4730: 4726: 4720: 4712: 4708: 4704: 4700: 4696: 4692: 4688: 4684: 4677: 4668: 4663: 4659: 4655: 4651: 4647: 4643: 4636: 4620: 4616: 4610: 4606: 4602: 4601: 4593: 4582: 4581: 4573: 4566: 4562: 4559: 4554: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4520: 4519: 4511: 4503: 4499: 4495: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4470: 4468: 4459: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4435: 4431: 4427: 4423: 4416: 4414: 4412: 4402: 4397: 4392: 4387: 4384:(1): 86–116. 4383: 4379: 4375: 4371: 4370:Cordell, Dana 4365: 4363: 4354: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4319: 4312: 4310: 4300: 4295: 4291: 4287: 4283: 4276: 4274: 4272: 4270: 4268: 4261: 4256: 4241: 4235: 4227: 4223: 4218: 4213: 4209: 4205: 4200: 4195: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4176: 4168: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4144: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4125: 4117: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4097: 4093: 4086: 4078: 4074: 4070: 4066: 4062: 4058: 4054: 4047: 4033: 4029: 4023: 4015: 4011: 4006: 4001: 3996: 3991: 3987: 3983: 3979: 3972: 3964: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3940: 3936: 3932: 3928: 3924: 3917: 3909: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3877: 3870: 3862: 3850: 3842: 3836: 3832: 3825: 3811:on 2017-03-09 3807: 3800: 3799: 3791: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3760: 3752: 3748: 3743: 3738: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3710: 3703: 3701: 3693: 3687: 3685: 3675: 3667: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3636: 3629: 3628:public domain 3615: 3609: 3601: 3595: 3593: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3543: 3535: 3527: 3523: 3519: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3502: 3497: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3478: 3470: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3421: 3405: 3399: 3392: 3386: 3378: 3374: 3369: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3337: 3335: 3326: 3320: 3316: 3309: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3284: 3279: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3260: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3230: 3214: 3208: 3193: 3189: 3183: 3179: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3155: 3152: 3150: 3147: 3145: 3142: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3105: 3101: 3095: 3090: 3087: 3076: 3073: 3062: 3059: 3048: 3041: 3039: 3034: 3029: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3001: 2987: 2984: 2979: 2970: 2967: 2963: 2958: 2956: 2953:In 2016, the 2941: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2926: 2922: 2921:food security 2918: 2914: 2909: 2908: 2904: 2902: 2899:and China-UK 2898: 2894: 2890: 2885: 2884: 2880: 2878: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2856: 2854: 2849: 2844: 2839: 2838: 2832:United States 2826: 2823: 2819: 2816: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2802: 2801:nutrient loss 2798: 2795: 2791: 2788: 2784: 2781: 2780: 2779: 2775: 2770: 2768: 2764: 2758: 2748: 2744: 2737: 2735: 2725: 2723: 2713: 2704: 2701: 2696: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2684:UTZ Certified 2681: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2661: 2652: 2643: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2632:organopónicos 2629: 2625: 2621: 2611: 2608: 2603: 2601: 2597: 2593: 2587: 2573: 2568: 2566: 2562: 2561:Bill Mollison 2558: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2530: 2523: 2507: 2505: 2501: 2498:, increasing 2497: 2494:, supporting 2493: 2489: 2485: 2482:, increasing 2481: 2478: 2472: 2462: 2460: 2456: 2451: 2448: 2444: 2439: 2436: 2435:Intercropping 2431: 2429: 2419: 2410: 2408: 2402: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2379: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2355: 2353: 2350: 2346: 2337: 2324: 2321: 2318: 2315: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2295: 2294: 2286: 2282: 2279: 2265: 2262: 2258: 2255: 2251: 2250: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2201: 2196: 2192: 2177: 2175: 2174: 2168: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2135:crop rotation 2126: 2124: 2120: 2110: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2095: 2089: 2086: 2084: 2083:Soil steaming 2077: 2073: 2064: 2061: 2057: 2052: 2049: 2044: 2041: 2039: 2035: 2030: 2028: 2019: 2017: 2012: 2008: 2003: 2001: 1997: 1996:transpiration 1993: 1989: 1985: 1976: 1974: 1970: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1951:food security 1948: 1942: 1932: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1901: 1897: 1896:Crop rotation 1892: 1889: 1885: 1876: 1867: 1858: 1856: 1851: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1824: 1822: 1821:biotechnology 1817: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1795: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1764: 1762: 1758: 1757:local farming 1753: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1696: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1677: 1662: 1660: 1655: 1651: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1636: 1634: 1630: 1625: 1623: 1622:externalities 1619: 1609: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1585: 1575: 1573: 1572:United States 1566: 1561: 1552: 1549: 1545: 1543: 1538: 1536: 1532: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1514: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1502:Food Security 1499: 1496:reported on " 1495: 1492:In 2007, the 1490: 1487: 1486:rural poverty 1483: 1479: 1475: 1460: 1453: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1440: 1437: 1433: 1432: 1431: 1427: 1425: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1411:well drilling 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1372:food security 1369: 1365: 1361: 1351: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1336: 1334: 1333:deforestation 1330: 1325: 1323: 1319: 1314: 1312: 1306: 1303: 1297: 1296:Peak farmland 1287: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1264: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1227: 1222: 1213: 1211: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1189: 1187: 1183: 1178: 1176: 1170: 1168: 1164: 1155: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1135: 1129: 1126: 1122: 1121:Haber process 1118: 1116: 1112: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1078: 1077: 1075: 1060: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1039: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1006: 1001: 997: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 971: 966: 957: 955: 950: 948: 943: 941: 937: 928: 924: 920: 917: 914: 911: 907: 903: 899: 898: 897: 889: 887: 883: 872: 866: 863: 860: 857: 854: 853: 852: 850: 838: 833: 831: 826: 824: 819: 818: 816: 815: 812: 802: 801: 791: 788: 786: 783: 781: 780:Meat industry 778: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 765:Biotechnology 763: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 748: 747: 738: 737: 729: 726: 724: 721: 719: 716: 714: 711: 710: 703: 702: 694: 691: 689: 686: 684: 681: 679: 676: 672: 669: 667: 664: 663: 662: 659: 657: 654: 652: 649: 647: 646:Paludiculture 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 630: 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 616: 615: 612: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 590: 587: 585: 582: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 567: 565: 562: 560: 557: 555: 552: 548: 547:Biotechnology 545: 543: 540: 539: 538: 535: 533: 530: 528: 525: 523: 520: 518: 515: 513: 510: 509: 502: 501: 493: 490: 488: 485: 483: 480: 478: 475: 474: 470: 465: 464: 456: 453: 451: 448: 446: 443: 441: 438: 436: 435: 431: 429: 428:Sharecropping 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 392: 389: 387: 384: 382: 379: 378: 377: 374: 372: 369: 365: 362: 360: 357: 356: 355: 352: 350: 347: 345: 342: 340: 337: 335: 332: 330: 327: 323: 320: 318: 315: 313: 310: 308: 305: 304: 303: 300: 298: 295: 294: 290: 285: 284: 272: 269: 267: 264: 262: 259: 257: 254: 253: 251: 247: 244: 242: 239: 237: 234: 233: 231: 227: 224: 222: 219: 217: 216:Ancient Egypt 214: 213: 211: 207: 204: 202: 199: 197: 194: 193: 191: 190: 184: 179: 178: 174: 170: 169: 166: 163: 162: 154: 152: 148: 147:UTZ Certified 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 122: 120: 119:crop rotation 116: 112: 111:mixed farming 108: 104: 99: 95: 94:deforestation 91: 87: 83: 79: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 55: 51: 47: 40: 36: 32: 19: 14028:Permaculture 13947:New Urbanism 13919:Conservation 13711:food systems 13696:architecture 13690: 13531: 13343:Publications 13302:Antinatalism 13240: 13217:World3 model 13077:Major topics 13025: 13013: 13001: 12982: 12885:Weed control 12774:horticulture 12704:Olericulture 12684:Hydroculture 12674:Fruticulture 12652:Floriculture 12590: 12581:Permaculture 12568:Horticulture 11964:Horticulture 11919: 11912: 11905: 11898: 11886: 11810: 11575:Construction 11498:Applications 11314: 11216:Biodiversity 10975:Anthropocene 10897: 10885: 10873: 10861: 10749:Overdrafting 10608:Goat farming 10519:Ancient Rome 10427:Permaculture 10385:Horticulture 10330:Agroforestry 10288:Agribusiness 10168: 10160:free content 10152: 10130: 10121: 10113: 10108: 10100: 10085: 10073:. Retrieved 10069:the original 10054: 10042:. Retrieved 10037: 10030: 10005: 10001: 9991: 9958: 9954: 9944: 9933:. Retrieved 9928: 9919: 9908:. Retrieved 9906:. 2021-04-16 9903: 9894: 9861: 9857: 9847: 9835:. Retrieved 9824: 9812:. Retrieved 9808: 9798: 9779: 9718: 9714: 9686:, retrieved 9664: 9624: 9620: 9577:. Retrieved 9572: 9533: 9528: 9493: 9483: 9466: 9456: 9429: 9424: 9412:. Retrieved 9401: 9352: 9348: 9338: 9285: 9281: 9271: 9260:. Retrieved 9256: 9247: 9236:. Retrieved 9232: 9223: 9212:. Retrieved 9203: 9168: 9158: 9146:. Retrieved 9141: 9132: 9102:(1): 71–90. 9099: 9095: 9085: 9058: 9052: 9025: 9021: 9011: 8987:(10): 8141. 8984: 8980: 8970: 8937: 8933: 8922: 8877: 8873: 8863: 8828: 8824: 8814: 8802:. Retrieved 8798: 8785: 8773:. Retrieved 8769:the original 8764: 8755: 8747: 8733: 8727: 8718: 8714: 8701: 8692: 8688: 8684: 8674: 8663:. Retrieved 8659:the original 8654: 8645: 8634:. Retrieved 8630: 8621: 8610:. Retrieved 8606: 8596: 8585:. 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