Swahili language - Knowledge

1601:(BAKITA) was formed. BAKITA is an organisation dedicated to the development and advocacy of Swahili as a means of national integration in Tanzania. Key activities mandated for the organisation include creating a healthy atmosphere for the development of Swahili, encouraging use of the language in government and business functions, coordinating activities of other organisations involved with Swahili, standardising the language. BAKITA vision are: "1.To efficiently manage and coordinate the development and use of Kiswahili in Tanzania 2.To participate fully and effectively in promoting Swahili in East Africa, Africa and the entire world over". Although other bodies and agencies can propose new vocabularies, BAKITA is the only organisation that can approve its usage in the Swahili language. Tanzanians are highly credited for shaping the language to appear the way it is now. 2503: 1357:(which is reported as a parent language) whereas 4–17% were loan words from other African languages. Only 2–8% were from non-African languages, and Arabic loan words constituted a fraction of that. According to other sources, around 40% of the Swahili vocabulary comes from Arabic. What also remained unconsidered was that a good number of the borrowed terms had Bantu equivalents. The preferred use of Arabic loan words is prevalent along the coast, where local people, in a cultural show of proximity to, or descent from Arab culture, would rather use loan words, whereas the people in the interior tend to use the Bantu equivalents. It was originally written in 5651:(2015), page 1: "In terms of speakers, is peer to the dozen or so languages of the world that boast close to 100 million users" "The World Bank estimates that 120 to 150 million people speak Swahili as a second language; William J. Frawley (2003, 181) puts the number at a minimum of 75 million, and Ethnologue has it as 40 million. This book takes the higher number as closer to the reality, given that Swahili is well known as a lingua franca in countries whose populations far exceed 150 million." (Page 227: "Africa's Swahili-speaking region, in which 100 million people who speak it as a second language have created a diverse array of ".) 5153: 525: 2592:. Nevertheless, well into the 1930s and 1940s, rural literacy rate in Arabic script as well as a local preference to write Swahili in the Arabic script (an unmodified version as opposed to proposals such as that of Mwalimu Sikujua) was relatively high. There were also differences in orthographic conventions between cities and authors and over the centuries, some quite precise but others different enough to cause difficulties with intelligibility. Thus despite a lack of official governmental backing, attempts at standardization and Swahilization of the Arabic script continued into the 20th century. 1102: 5312: 459: 7562: 7498: 7473: 6921: 5523: 5505: 5487: 5469: 5451: 1494:), where it is an official or national language. It is also the first language for many people in Tanzania, especially in the coastal regions of Tanga, Pwani, Dar es Salaam, Mtwara and Lindi. In the inner regions of Tanzania, Swahili is spoken with an accent influenced by other local languages and dialects. There, it is a first language for most of the people who are born in the cities, whilst being spoken as a second language in rural areas. Swahili and closely related languages are spoken by relatively small numbers of people in 68: 2568:, which is an Arabic script. Much literature was produced in this script. With the introduction of Latin, the use of Ajami script has been diminished significantly. However, the language continues to have a tradition of being written in Arabic script. Starting from the later half of the 19th century, continuing into the 20th century, and going on in the 21st century, a process of "Swahilization" of the Arabic Script has been underway by Swahili scribes and scholars. The first of such attempts was done by 447: 8403: 2466: 538: 3217:'fish', and the specific names of typical beasts, birds, and bugs. However, this is the 'other' class, for words not fitting well elsewhere, and about half of the class 9–10 nouns are foreign loanwords. Loans may be classified as 9–10 because they lack the prefixes inherent in other classes, and most native class 9–10 nouns have no prefix. Thus they do not form a coherent semantic class, though there are still semantic extensions from individual words. 5326: 386: 8352: 512: 3599: 8420: 8386: 551: 499: 425: 399: 8437: 10188: 412: 1426:) in government, trade and the court system. With the Germans controlling the major Swahili-speaking region in East Africa, they changed the alphabet system from Arabic to Latin. After the First World War, Britain took over German East Africa, where they found Swahili rooted in most areas, not just the coastal regions. The British decided to formalise it as the language to be used across the East African region (although in 1794: 471: 1573: 8369: 1385: 766: 4459:. For Sacleux, it's and old and "an exclusively literary, arcane dialect". It varies depending on the authors whose will to return to a pure form of the old language make them use Kigunya mainly (Kipate is a subdialect of Kigunya) and secondarily Kiamu and Kimvita. Knappert, on the contrary, states the existence of a literary 5288:

1. Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of

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used Swahili as a language of mass organisation and political movement. This included publishing pamphlets and radio broadcasts to rally the people to fight for independence. After gaining independence, Swahili was adopted as the national language. To this day, Tanzanians carry a sense of pride when

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2. Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of

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in East Africa, Christianity was introduced to the region. While the Arabs were mostly based in the coastal areas, European missionaries went further inland spreading Christianity. As the first missionary posts in East Africa were in the coastal areas, missionaries picked up Swahili and used it to

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The widespread use of Swahili as a national language in Tanzania came after Tanganyika gained independence in 1961 and the government decided that it would be used as a language to unify the new nation. This saw the use of Swahili in all levels of government, trade, art as well as schools in which

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in the 18th century based on the Kingozi as a prestigious and widespread dialect. The 2009 New Updated Guthrie List, a referential classification of the Bantu languages, considers kiOzi as a dialect in itself. It is not the ancestor language of Kiswahili but a member of the Lamu group (code G42a)

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though they are unmarked in Swahili's orthography. Multiple studies favour classifying prenasalization as consonant clusters, not as separate phonemes. Historically, nasalization has been lost before voiceless consonants, and subsequently the voiced consonants have devoiced, though they are still

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2) Elimu itolewe kwa madhumuni ya kuendeleza barabara hali ya binadamu, na kwa shabaha ya kukuza haki za binadamu na uhuru wake wa asili. Elimu ni wajibu ikuze hali ya kueleana, kuvumiliana na ya urafiki kati ya mataifa na kati ya watu wa rangi na dini mbali-mbali. Kadhalika ni wajibu iendeleze

1799: 1798: 1795: 1800: 3660:, based on the dialect spoken in Zanzibar, the system is rather complex; however, it is drastically simplified in many local variants where Swahili is not a native language, such as in Nairobi. In non-native Swahili, concord reflects only animacy: human subjects and objects trigger 3437:

In the process of naturalization of borrowings within Swahili, loanwords are often reinterpreted, or reanalysed, as if they already contain a Swahili class prefix. In such cases the interpreted prefix is changed with the usual rules. Consider the following loanwords from Arabic:

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Omar, Y. A., & Frankl, P. J. L. (1997). An Historical Review of the Arabic Rendering of Swahili Together with Proposals for the Development of a Swahili Writing System in Arabic Script (Based on the Swahili of Mombasa). Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 7(01), 55–71.

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but, if the noun refers to a human, they accord with noun classes 1–2 regardless of their noun class. Verbs agree with the noun class of their subjects and objects; adjectives, prepositions and demonstratives agree with the noun class of their nouns. In Standard Swahili

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is an extinct dialect spoken on the Indian Ocean coast between Lamu and Somalia and is sometimes still used in poetry. It is often considered the source of Swahili. Academic theories about Kingozi as an old literary dialect are conflicting. It is sometimes linked to

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takes class 16–18 agreement. The distinction between them is that class 16 agreement is used if the location is intended to be definite ("at"), class 17 if indefinite ("around") or involves motion ("to, toward"), and class 18 if it involves containment ("within"):

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nations, both Kiswahili and English have been taught in Burundian elementary schools since the academic year 2005/2006. Kiswahili is now used widely in Burundi but is not recognised as an official language; only French, Kirundi, and English have this distinction.

1416:. This resulted in Swahili first being written in the Arabic script. The later contact with the Portuguese resulted in the increase of vocabulary of the Swahili language. The language was formalised in an institutional level when the Germans took over after the 4481:

is the major dialect of Mombasa (also known as "Mvita", which means "war", in reference to the many wars which were fought over it, the other major dialect alongside Kiunguja. It has an important classical corpus written in Arabic script from the 18st and 19st

1797: 2653:'childhood'), and so on. And just as adjectives and pronouns must agree with the gender of nouns in some languages with grammatical gender, so in Swahili adjectives, pronouns and even verbs must agree with nouns. This is a characteristic feature of all the 5272:

1) Kila mtu ana haki ya kuelimishwa. Elimu yapasa itolewe bure hasa ile ya madarasa ya chini. Elimu ya madarasa ya chini ihudhuriwe kwa lazima. Elimu ya ufundi na ustadi iwe wazi kwa wote. Na elimu ya juu iwe wazi kwa wote kwa kutegemea sifa ya mtu.

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Various colonial powers that ruled on the coast of East Africa played a role in the growth and spread of Swahili. With the arrival of the Arabs in East Africa, they used Swahili as a language of trade as well as for teaching Islam to the local

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primary school children are taught in Swahili, before switching to English (medium of instruction) in secondary schools (although Swahili is still taught as an independent subject). After Tanganyika and Zanzibar unification in 1964,

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class historically consisted of two separate genders, artefacts (Bantu class 7/8, utensils and hand tools mostly) and diminutives (Bantu class 12/13), which were conflated at a stage ancestral to Swahili. Examples of the former are

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by most speakers. exists in free variation with h, and is only distinguished by some speakers. In some Arabic loans (nouns, verbs, adjectives), emphasis or intensity is expressed by reproducing the original emphatic consonants

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islands). Estimates of the number of Swahili speakers, including both native and second-language speakers, vary widely. They generally range from 60 million to 150 million; with most of its native speakers residing in Tanzania.

6123: 6497: 1045:), is closely related to Swahili and is sometimes considered a dialect of Swahili, although other authorities consider it a distinct language. In 2022, based on Swahili's growth as a prominent international language, the 1348:

is the source of most Arabic loanwords in Swahili. In the text "Early Swahili History Reconsidered". However, Thomas Spear noted that Swahili retains a large amount of grammar, vocabulary, and sounds inherited from the

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Kiswahili is one of the most widely used languages of the African family, and the most widely spoken in sub-Saharan Africa. It is among the 10 most widely spoken languages in the world, with more than 200 million

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it comes to Swahili, especially when it is used to unite over 120 tribes across Tanzania. Swahili was used to strengthen solidarity within the nation, and remains to be a key identity of the Tanzanian people.

8487: 2806:"to farm with", from its role in guiding planting. A resemblance, or being a bit like something, implies marginal status in a category, so things that are marginal examples of their class may take the 4936:, includes 15 stories in Swahili with English translations, plus an additional 14 Swahili stories that are not translated. There is also a selection of proverbs and riddles with English translations. 1430:

most areas used English and various Nilotic and other Bantu languages while Swahili was mostly restricted to the coast). In June 1928, an inter-territorial conference attended by representatives of

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Estimates of the total number of first- and second-language Swahili speakers vary widely, from as low as 50 million to as high as 200 million, but generally range from 60 million to 150 million.

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created an institution called the East African Kiswahili Commission (EAKC) which began operations in 2015. The institution currently serves as the leading body for promoting the language in the

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afriprov.org Nov. 2001 Proverb: ” When elephants fight the grass (reeds) gets hurt.” – Swahili ( Eastern and Central Africa ), Also Gikuyu ( Kenya), Kuria ( Kenya/Tanzania), Ngoreme (Tanzania)

5575: 4428:) Swahili manuscripts and poems that reached us. They are sometimes described as "literary" dialects but they were also used for everyday life and are still spoken today except Kingozi. 1420:. After seeing there was already a widespread language, the Germans formalised it as the official language to be used in schools. Thus schools in Swahili are called Shule (from German 11534: 6489: 5865: 8480: 2830:"a deaf person". Finally, diminutives often denote contempt, and contempt is sometimes expressed against things that are dangerous. This might be the historical explanation for 5792: 3202:

From pairing, reproduction is suggested as another extension (fruit, egg, testicle, flower, twins, etc.), but these generally duplicate one or more of the subcategories above

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loanwords. Standard Swahili is generally only spoken by Somali nationals who have resided in Kenya and subsequently returned to Somalia. Lastly, a closely related language

1372:, in 1711 in the Arabic script that were sent to the Portuguese of Mozambique and their local allies. The original letters are preserved in the Historical Archives of Goa, 7862:

howafrica.com Animals – 27 Fascinating African Proverbs About Elephants, One of the Big 5 Animals 17. When elephants fight it is the grass that suffers. ~ Kikuyu Proverb

4682: 1757:, where they used Swahili to teach Islam to the natives. As the Arab presence grew, more and more natives converted to Islam and were taught using the Swahili language. 7148: 12938: 8473: 5644:(ed. Carl Skutsch; publ. Taylor & Francis; 2013), pages 183–184: "The most important single is Swahili as a primary or secondary language (50 million speakers)." 1613:(CHAKITA) was established in 1998 to research and promote Kiswahili language in Kenya. Kiswahili is a compulsory subject in all Kenyan primary and secondary schools. 1237:. While opinions vary on the specifics, it has been historically purported that around 16–20% of the Swahili vocabulary is derived from loan words, the vast majority 7188: 4579:

are the countryside dialects of the island of Zanzibar. Kimakunduchi is a recent renaming of "Kihadimu"; the old name means "serf" and so is considered pejorative.

2957:'journey', are classified with long thin things, as in many other languages with noun classes. This may be further extended to anything dealing with time, such as 8290: 6543: 1565:

between Swahili and English. The development of language technology also strengthens the position of Swahili as a modern medium of communication. Furthermore,

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are pronounced as such only in stressed syllables. In unstressed syllables, as well as before a prenasalized consonant, they are pronounced as , , , and .

5987: 4834:, a collection of 23 Swahili tales with facing-text English translation, along with a selection of proverbs and riddles. Some of the tales included are: " 4803: 5829: 2561:

in advertisements. There are also several digraphs for Arabic sounds, which many speakers outside of ethnic Swahili areas have trouble differentiating.

4225:, listed separately above. The few adjectives beginning with other vowels do not agree with all noun classes since some are restricted to humans. NC 1 7020: 9882: 8568: 8496: 6961:

Contini-Morava, Ellen. 1997. Swahili Phonology. In Kaye, Alan S. (ed.), Phonologies of Asia and Africa 2, 841–860. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns.

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Prins, A. H. J. (1961). "The Swahili-Speaking Peoples of Zanzibar and the East African Coast (Arabs, Shirazi and Swahili)". In Forde, Daryll (ed.).

6750: 5891: 5567: 2865:"tree(s)" is the prototypical example. However, it seems to cover vital entities neither human nor typical animals: trees and other plants, such as 4448:, considered to be closest to the original dialect of Kingozi. It has also an important classical corpus of poems from the 18st and 19st centuries. 2987:

Classes 5–6 have a broad semantic range of groups, expanses, and augmentatives. Although interrelated, it is easier to illustrate if broken down:

2576:. However, the spread of a standardized indigenous variation of Arabic script for Swahili was hampered by the colonial takeover of East Africa by 12861: 12856: 12851: 12846: 12841: 11520: 10348: 4797: 4464:

with Kiamu, Kipate and Kisiu. This brief overview indicates that the state of research is fragmented and uncertain on the history of the kingozi.

6113:"1. Loanwords in Swahili", T. Schadeberg, in Tadmor, Uri. Loanwords in the World's Languages: A Comparative Handbook. Germany: De Gruyter, 2009. 12908: 7056: 5913: 8024: 11132: 6765: 2972:

Classes 1–2 include most words for people: kin terms, professions, ethnicities, etc., including translations of most English words ending in

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Historical linguists consider the Arabic influence on Swahili to be significant, since it takes around 15% of its vocabulary directly from

10151: 8262: 8176: 7439: 6339: 12973: 12898: 5861: 7837: 2818:) "frog", which is only half terrestrial and therefore is marginal as an animal. This extension may account for disabilities as well: 12830: 11548: 4666:, there are an estimated 52,000 people who speak Swahili as of 2020. Most are descendants of those repatriated after the fall of the 2439: 1074: 727: 5784: 12903: 7861: 3220:

Class 11 (which takes class 10 for the plural) are mostly nouns with an "extended outline shape", in either one dimension or two:

9170: 5597: 1590:(TUKI, Institute of Swahili Research) was created from the Interterritorial Language Committee. In 1970 TUKI was merged with the 7949: 6790: 5665: 6373:

Kharusi, N. S. (2012). "The Ethnic Label Zinjibari: Politics and Language Choice Implications Among Swahili Speakers in Oman".

5936: 5720: 2502: 988: 475: 6218: 6092: 1003:, as well as for coordinating its development and usage for regional integration and sustainable development. In recent years 999:(EAKC) which began operations in 2015. The institution currently serves as the leading body for promoting the language in the 9875: 8138: 8049: 7814: 7522: 6527: 3327:'a child') and have no plural. They have the same prefixes and concord as class 11, except optionally for adjectival concord. 2718:"house". It is the diminutive sense that has been furthest extended. An extension common to diminutives in many languages is 7528: 7196: 6983: 6058: 3333:

Classes 16–18 are locatives. The Bantu nouns of these classes have been lost; the only permanent member is the Arabic loan

7367: 916:, a plural adjectival form of an Arabic word meaning 'of the coasts'). The loanwords date from the era of contact between 10341: 8340: 6573: 2377: 2363: 792: 4438:(Amu) and have an important corpus of classical poems of the 18st and 19st centuries written in Arabic script (Kiajemi). 8237: 5388: 2913:, which is thin, tall, and spreading, comes an extension to other long or extended things or parts of things, such as 1353:. In fact, while taking account of daily vocabulary, using lists of one hundred words, 72–91% were inherited from the 11125: 8119: 8013: 7938: 7433: 7267: 7215: 7207: 7167: 7159: 6685: 5751: 5551: 3638: 3616: 2965:'wages'. Animals exceptional in some way and so not easily fitting in the other classes may be placed in this class. 1774: 1569:

is one of the few Wikipedias in an African language that features a substantial number of contributors and articles.

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But there are numerous other dialects of Swahili, some of which are mutually unintelligible, such as the following:

12958: 12913: 12740: 9868: 9419: 9175: 8666: 6651: 2998:'snake', lead to titles and other terms of respect (the opposite of diminutives, which lead to terms of contempt): 2329: 2159: 1632: 1628: 1479: 944: 530: 113: 17: 7683: 3371:

Borrowings may or may not be given a prefix corresponding to the semantic class they fall in. For example, Arabic

11512: 10144: 5359: 2306: 1721: 1218: 782: 224: 8215:. Preliminary studies in Swahili lexicon. Vol. 1. Dar es Salaam: Chuo cha Uchunguzi wa Lugha ya Kiswahili. 12933: 10334: 8375: 8157: 7085: 5979: 3620: 1530:, as well as for coordinating its development and usage for regional integration and sustainable development. 12923: 6286: 2114: 756: 624: 587: 8358: 642: 12968: 12953: 12948: 12943: 12928: 12002: 11118: 10474: 7035: 2322: 2263: 932: 577: 189: 7773: 7758: 5610: 4421:

The dialects of the Lamu group (especially Kiamu, Kipate, Kingozi) are the linguistic base of the oldest (

2450: 2446: 2425: 2416: 1908: 1886: 1878: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1077:, Swahili is in Bantu zone G, whereas the other Sabaki languages are in zone E70, commonly under the name 12918: 11890: 11884: 11878: 10781: 9951: 9501: 9412: 7368:"The online version of the New Updated Guthrie List, a referential classification of the Bantu languages" 7293:

KIAMU, archipel de Lamu (Kenya): Analyse phonétique et morphologique d'un corpus linguistique et poétique

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Hurskainen, Arvi. 2018. Sustainable language technology for African languages. In Agwuele, Augustine and

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spread Christianity, since it contained many similarities with other indigenous languages in the region.

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For additional collections of Swahili prose from the 19th century, see the inventory in J. D. Rollins's

774:). Medium green: Spoken by a majority alongside indigenous languages. Light green: Spoken by a minority. 12963: 10137: 5001:" "I cast my arrow in the day time, it went far off; it I cast it at night, it does not go far (eyes)." 2477: 2370: 2314: 2152: 2143: 1550: 209: 8097:. Studies in Swahili dialect. Vol. 5. Kampala: East African Swahili Committee, Makerere College. 8080:. Studies in Swahili dialect. Vol. 3. Kampala: East African Swahili Committee, Makerere College. 8063:. Studies in Swahili dialect. Vol. 2. Kampala: East African Swahili Committee, Makerere College. 7576: 7145: 4831: 1142: 12888: 12518: 11996: 11990: 11079: 10501: 10451: 10441: 10404: 8754: 7052: 5296:

3. Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.

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minority ethnic group on the coast and islands on both sides of the Somali–Kenyan border and in the

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is an active natural force, but they are also both long and thin. Things with a trajectory, such as

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inhabitants of the east coast of Africa, which was also the time period when Swahili emerged as a

11761: 11355: 11252: 9936: 9891: 9644: 8774: 3652: 3609: 2941:"to make a sound". Words may be connected to their class by more than one metaphor. For example, 2271: 2166: 2101: 2086: 1738: 1050: 8280: 6427: 2968:

The other classes have foundations that may at first seem similarly counterintuitive. In short,

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He was imprisoned for his support of the Kenya People's Union, and wrote the poetry collection

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is geographic and its groupings do not imply a relationship between the languages within them.

12821: 11848: 11380: 11192: 11165: 10877: 10625: 10579: 10357: 9905: 9185: 9027: 8938: 8827: 8739: 8191: 7423: 7183: 7135: 6522:(eds), The Routledge Handbook of African Linguistics, 359–375. London: Routledge Publishers. 6375: 6335: 5543: 4839: 4760: 4667: 4625: 3691:

In Standard Swahili, human subjects and objects of whatever class trigger animacy concord in

2519: 2431: 2397: 2353: 2001: 1992: 1558: 8319: 7644: 6701: 5152: 1664:) in 2022, and also made it compulsory across primary and secondary schools in the country. 11401: 11262: 10236: 9828: 9260: 9077: 8789: 8001: 4809: 4742: 2127: 2008: 1846: 1838: 8681: 7141:

Revivalistics: From the Genesis of Israeli to Language Reclamation in Australia and Beyond

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or figuratively speaking, when those with power fight, it is those below them who suffer:

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In Kenya, Kiswahili has been the national language since 1964 and is official since 2010.

1179: 1170: 1161: 935:, Swahili is one of three official languages (the others being English and French) of the 8: 11477: 11365: 11345: 11247: 11141: 10933: 10814: 10753: 10315: 9787: 9581: 8903: 8611: 8553: 7960: 7745: 5364: 4933: 4736: 2300: 2223: 2212: 2203: 2194: 2183: 2176: 2069: 1562: 1534: 1471: 1309: 1299: 1250: 1246: 972: 894: 10990: 7619: 1925:, which survives in certain dialects). As a consequence, long vowels are not considered 12448: 12442: 12109: 12103: 12073: 12067: 12061: 12055: 12049: 11013: 10957: 10809: 9609: 9591: 9546: 9435: 9285: 9087: 8875: 8452: 7988: 6885: 6852: 6727: 6603: 6392: 6169: 5344: 5157: 4730: 2616: 2585: 2577: 2569: 2507: 2015: 1959: 1230: 843: 11370: 10241: 9702: 7670: 6934: 6021:

Derek Nurse, Thomas T. Spear. 1985. Arabic loan words make up to 40% of the language.

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Swahili has become a second language spoken by tens of millions of people in the five

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have begun offering Swahili as a subject in schools or have developed plans to do so.

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The Swahili: Reconstructing the History and Language of an African Society, 800–1500

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Indigenous Language Acquisition, Maintenance, and Loss and Current Language Policies

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The Swahili: Reconstructing the History and Language of an African Society, 800–1500

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A History of Swahili Prose from Earliest Times to the End of the Nineteenth Century.

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of the coast of East Africa. Much of Swahili's Bantu vocabulary has cognates in the

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A History of Swahili Prose from Earliest Times to the End of the Nineteenth Century

7460: 6877: 6834: 6824: 6384: 6264: 6255:

Vernet, T. (2002). "Les cités-Etats swahili et la puissance omanaise (1650–1720)".

6214: 6161: 6084: 5331: 4644: 4640: 4609: 4375: 2453:, or lengthening a vowel, where aspiration would be used in inherited Bantu words. 2387: 2257: 1954: 1949: 1787: 1742: 1705: 1661: 1542: 1451: 1404: 1354: 1350: 1319: 1289: 1242: 1086: 1070: 917: 898: 229: 62: 11542: 7485: 6974: 6873:

We Do Not Have Borders: Greater Somalia and the Predicaments of Belonging in Kenya

6829: 6812: 6049: 4883:." "He that is drunk with wine gets sober, he that is drunk with wealth does not." 3668:

in verbal concord, while non-human subjects and objects of whatever class trigger

2925:'nail'; and from activity there even come active instantiations of verbs, such as 2901:'hand, arm'); and human groups, which are vital but not themselves human, such as 12764: 12723: 12682: 12560: 12548: 12536: 12501: 12495: 12377: 12365: 12341: 12329: 12317: 12294: 12276: 12259: 12225: 12207: 12178: 12166: 12149: 12143: 12097: 12043: 11931: 11814: 11725: 11719: 11672: 11654: 11544: 11492: 11467: 11462: 11447: 11432: 11411: 11335: 11325: 11310: 11237: 11184: 11155: 11033: 11028: 11023: 10980: 10965: 10938: 10882: 10872: 10867: 10849: 10824: 10771: 10766: 10761: 10734: 10719: 10714: 10693: 10678: 10668: 10648: 10594: 10584: 10574: 10554: 10466: 10456: 10446: 10395: 10261: 10251: 10066: 10061: 10056: 10026: 10016: 9976: 9807: 9797: 9777: 9772: 9757: 9742: 9697: 9687: 9682: 9639: 9614: 9561: 9531: 9521: 9506: 9473: 9300: 9250: 9205: 9165: 9115: 9072: 9057: 8928: 8918: 8885: 8822: 8749: 8646: 8636: 8621: 8591: 8531: 8286: 7549: 7512: 7257: 7200: 7193: 7152: 7006:

Modern Swahili Grammar East African Publishers, 2001 Mohamed Abdulla Mohamed p. 4

6130: 5698: 5537: 5349: 5339: 4847: 4785: 4705: 4628: 4509: 4398: 3699:

and non-human subjects and objects trigger a variety of gender-concord prefixes.

3434:"), with no prefix associated with animals (whether those of class 9/10 or 1/2). 2654: 2601: 1974: 1842: 1709: 1701: 1538: 1323: 1274: 1106: 1066: 980: 902: 854: 355: 214: 176: 166: 7080:

Mutiua, Chapane. “Swahili Ajami: An Introduction.” Hypotheses, October 7, 2020.

4999:

Nimetupa mshale wangu, mchana kwenda mbali nikitupa usiku hauendi mbali (macho).

3044:'dust' (and other liquids and fine particulates that may cover broad expanses), 1850: 1388:

Although originally written with the Arabic script, Swahili is now written in a

12814: 12787: 12770: 12660: 12654: 12648: 12642: 12636: 12630: 12624: 12618: 12612: 12606: 12600: 12542: 12460: 12454: 12394: 12335: 12323: 12300: 12219: 12190: 12184: 12115: 12091: 12085: 12026: 12008: 11961: 11955: 11914: 11908: 11902: 11896: 11866: 11860: 11854: 11838: 11826: 11820: 11808: 11802: 11779: 11767: 11755: 11743: 11737: 11731: 11702: 11690: 11666: 11631: 11619: 11613: 11607: 11583: 11577: 11571: 11497: 11457: 11315: 11292: 11277: 11272: 11267: 11257: 11242: 11227: 11207: 11202: 11197: 11074: 11064: 11048: 11038: 10985: 10943: 10923: 10907: 10902: 10897: 10892: 10857: 10834: 10829: 10804: 10799: 10724: 10673: 10663: 10615: 10599: 10589: 10564: 10559: 10544: 10534: 10529: 10491: 10486: 10479: 10431: 10292: 10282: 10256: 10102: 10051: 10041: 10031: 10011: 9991: 9971: 9966: 9956: 9931: 9926: 9921: 9812: 9767: 9712: 9692: 9654: 9649: 9629: 9604: 9599: 9576: 9566: 9536: 9526: 9516: 9511: 9496: 9481: 9449: 9320: 9315: 9280: 9270: 9265: 9225: 9210: 9190: 9150: 9145: 9125: 9052: 9037: 9009: 9004: 8986: 8958: 8948: 8943: 8933: 8923: 8913: 8908: 8880: 8870: 8855: 8847: 8837: 8832: 8812: 8784: 8734: 8724: 8704: 8699: 8694: 8671: 8661: 8651: 8631: 8626: 8616: 8606: 8526: 8510: 8329: 8269:

Swahili Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow: Factors of Its Development and Expansion

7849: 5785:"Development and Promotion of Extractive Industries and Mineral Value Addition" 4791: 4699: 4652: 4595: 4384: 2074: 2025: 1761: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1365: 1254: 1226: 1054: 1046: 858: 823: 701: 690: 325: 301: 296: 286: 161: 151: 117: 7901: 6565: 2758:"shade". A 'little bit' of a verb would be an instance of an action, and such 1786:

For assistance with IPA transcriptions of Swahili for Knowledge articles, see

1631:

and is widely spoken in the eastern regions. The local dialects of Swahili in

12882: 12752: 12746: 12717: 12594: 12530: 12524: 12466: 12353: 12282: 12253: 12213: 12079: 12020: 12014: 11973: 11967: 11949: 11943: 11937: 11872: 11844: 11684: 11678: 11660: 11637: 11601: 11589: 11406: 11385: 11330: 11320: 11282: 11212: 11018: 10862: 10739: 10658: 10643: 10633: 10539: 10496: 10426: 10421: 10297: 10071: 10036: 9961: 9946: 9624: 9571: 9551: 9491: 9486: 9348: 9338: 9310: 9305: 9220: 9200: 9195: 9180: 9160: 9155: 9135: 9130: 9100: 9095: 9032: 8968: 8963: 8865: 8744: 8714: 8689: 8656: 8596: 8586: 8547: 8325: 8268: 7824: 6908: 6871: 6848: 6388: 5761: 5744:

Swahili state and society : the political economy of an African language

5317: 4827: 4748: 4648: 4505: 4404: 4380: 4328: 4321: 2843: 2565: 2497: 1713: 1636: 1622: 1413: 1358: 1198: 984: 925: 771: 673: 451: 349: 345: 306: 291: 8085: 7102: 6881: 4608:

dialects as a third group. Most other authorities consider Comorian to be a

3223:

mass nouns that are generally localized rather than covering vast expanses:

12371: 11375: 11350: 10970: 10839: 10638: 10287: 10076: 10006: 9368: 9295: 9255: 9215: 9140: 7984: 7291: 6519: 6268: 4772: 4754: 4566: 4513: 4456: 3915: 2851: 2589: 1898: 1717: 1389: 1345: 1278: 1119: 1057:

adopted Swahili as a unifying language for African independence struggles.

1004: 335: 9860: 7838:

www.oxfordreference.com When elephants fight, it is the grass that suffers

7609:, Volume 1 of Mass Communication and Journalism, (Peter Lang: 2010), p.96. 6023:

The Swahili: Reconstructing the History and Language of an African Society

5510: 5492: 5474: 5456: 5438: 4980:." "The hard is the parent of the soft, and the soft of the hard (maize)." 2861:

class (Bantu classes 3/4). This is often called the 'tree' class, because

696: 685: 678: 668: 659: 11340: 11217: 10519: 10193: 9844: 9358: 9235: 9042: 6308: 5834: 5418:

The Linguasphere Register of the World's Languages and Speech Communities

4724: 4711: 4445: 3297: 3143:

also collective or dialogic actions, which occur among groups of people:

1746: 1554: 1527: 1090: 1020: 1000: 976: 960: 874: 10326: 3486:

is reanalysed (reinterpreted) as a nominal class prefix whose plural is

2465: 8152:. University of California Publications in Linguistics. Vol. 121. 7554: 7490: 7465: 6913: 6723:"Kiswahili language compulsory in primary, secondary schools – Cabinet" 6414: 5515: 5497: 5479: 5461: 5443: 4523: 3967: 3623: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2835: 2612: 1986: 1507: 1454:

for those areas, and the standard orthography for Swahili was adopted.

1396: 1393: 1364:

The earliest known documents written in Swahili are letters written in

870: 543: 137: 89: 11110: 8392: 7950:"Situating Language Rights: English and Swahili in Tanzania Revisited" 7421: 6173: 9404: 9019: 8495: 7971:

Brock-Utne, Birgit (2001). "Education for All – in Whose Language?".

7396: 7310: 3511:) was interpreted as having the mw- prefix of class 1, and so became 3468:"write"). However, the Swahili plural form of this word ("books") is 3423: 2557:, unassimilated English loans and, occasionally, as a substitute for 1660:

Uganda adopted Kiswahili as one of its official languages (alongside

770:

Geographic-administrative extent of Swahili. Dark: native range (the

710: 652: 634: 616: 10129: 7081: 6813:""Ambiguous citizens": Kenyan Somalis and the question of belonging" 6411:

The Swahili-speaking Peoples of Zanzibar and the East African Coast.

5280:

3) Ni haki ya wazazi kuchagua aina ya elimu ya kufunzwa watoto wao.

4757:(b. 1981), Tanzanian creative writer, photographer, graphic designer 4217:

Most Swahili adjectives begin with either a consonant or the vowels

3598: 1853:, these five phonemes can vary in pronunciation. Polomé claims that 1712:(also known as Zigula, Zigua, or Chizigua) is spoken by some of the 12705: 12699: 9330: 8978: 6165: 5325: 4527: 3565:("time") were interpreted as having the class 11 prevocalic prefix 2799: 1926: 1491: 1443: 1400: 1369: 1042: 1016: 1008: 964: 886: 878: 862: 800: 391: 81: 8443: 8230:

Swahili Syntax Tree Diagram: Based on Universal Sentence Structure

6751:"The Federal Republic of Somalia Provisional Constitution of 2012" 5387:

while in solitary confinement, which was subsequently awarded the

11595: 11222: 9363: 9047: 4656: 4636: 4621: 4551: 4497: 4359:

is spoken in the Kerimba Islands and northern coastal Mozambique.

4355: 3300:

of nouns, which are often class 6 ('collectives') in the plural:

2581: 2573: 1912: 1814: 1754: 1677: 1519: 1518:. The language was still understood in the southern ports of the 1499: 1495: 1447: 1038: 1034: 1012: 956: 940: 796: 517: 125: 121: 109: 97: 93: 8220: 8167: 8102: 8068: 7262:. Institute of Kiswahili Research, University of Dar es Salaam. 6124:

Arabic Loans in East African Languages through Swahili: A Survey

1915:

between the second last and last vowels of a word (for example,

12838:

Narrow Bantu languages by Guthrie classification zone templates

11043: 9677: 7873: 7804: 6652:"CS Matiangi: Kiswahili to remain compulsory in new curriculum" 4861:

Here are some of the proverbs that Steere recorded in Swahili:

4387:(the northern part of the Lamu archipelago) and is also called 4368: 2620: 1693: 1572: 1515: 1511: 1503: 1487: 1483: 1439: 1238: 1082: 968: 952: 890: 556: 504: 430: 404: 133: 105: 101: 7800: 7798: 5914:"AAU to Start Teaching Kiswahili Language – Ethiopian Monitor" 4894:

Here are some of the riddles that Steere recorded in Swahili:

3337:'place(s)', but in Mombasa Swahili, the old prefixes survive: 3132:'stomach' (cf. English "guts"), and paired body parts such as 2518:

Swahili is now written in the Latin alphabet. There are a few

2415:

Some dialects of Swahili may also have the aspirated phonemes

9849: 8334: 6336:"Dictionaries and the Standardization of Spelling in Swahili" 4934:

Swahili Stories from Arab Sources with an English Translation

4920:

Steere also includes the formulaic announcement of a riddle:

4696: – Swahili pidgin spoken in British colonial East Africa 4693: 4687: 4501: 4411:

The rest of the dialects are divided by him into two groups:

4367:

is spoken by the ethnic minorities in and around the town of

3431: 2648: 2638: 2628: 1916: 1902: 1750: 1672:

The Swahili language is not widespread in Somalia and has no

1475: 1431: 1384: 1373: 1189: 948: 866: 847: 595: 585: 575: 417: 85: 46: 40: 7607:

Journalism education in countries with limited media freedom

6152:

Spear, Thomas (2000). "Early Swahili History Reconsidered".

6008:

Derek Nurse, Thomas J. Hinnebusch, Gérard Philippson. 1993.

5830:"Kiswahili gets minister's stamp to be taught in SA schools" 1885:

and is pronounced as in other situations, especially after

7795: 7305: 7303: 4690: – Cant from the rich neighbourhoods of Nairobi, Kenya 4663: 4530:. Kitumbatu (Pemba) dialects occupy the bulk of the island. 4435: 4336: 1541:

is one of the early developers. The applications include a

141: 6766:

Chimwiini: Endangered Status and Syntactic Distinctiveness

6570:

The United Republic of Tanzania National Kiswahili Council

6188:"A Guide to Swahili - 10 facts about the Swahili language" 6034:

Thomas Spear. 2000. "Early Swahili History Reconsidered".

5120:

The one who busies himself with work will not miss a meal.

4978:

Gumugumu huzaa teketeke, gumugumu teketeke huzaa (mahindi)

3531:

school, even though it is singular in Arabic (with plural

799:

characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see

8426: 7189:

Language Contact and Lexical Enrichment in Israeli Hebrew

5862:"Botswana to Introduce Swahili Language in Local Schools" 4299: 1724:

as Swahili is and has some intelligibility with Swahili.

1533:

Swahili is among the first languages in Africa for which

8457: 7300: 6464: 5812: 5810: 5741: 4838:" "The Story of the Washerman's Donkey," also known as " 4702: – Creole derived from Kutchi and Swahili languages 4327:

Swahili literature and poetry, traditionally written in

2873:'millet' (and from there, things made from plants, like 1399:

and colonial administrators. The text shown here is the

8278: 8078:

Chi-Jomvu and ki-Ngare: Subdialects of the Mombasa Area

6593: 6591: 6490:"Helsinki Corpus of Swahili 2.0 (HCS 2.0) – META-SHARE" 6428:"Zana za Uhakiki za Microsoft Office 2016 – Kiingereza" 6154:

The International Journal of African Historical Studies

6036:

The International Journal of African Historical Studies

4316:

Modern standard Swahili, written in Latin, is based on

3151:'to speak' (and by extension, mental verbal processes: 1901:

in Swahili are written as doubled vowels (for example,

6626: 6599:"Uganda finally adopts Kiswahili as official language" 6566:"Vision and Mission of The National Kiswahili Council" 5657:: " vary widely, from 60 million to over 150 million". 4350:

Maho (2009) considers these to be distinct languages:

1692:

on the southern tip of the country and in the town of

983:. Swahili is also one of the working languages of the 7340:. Paris: Procure des PP. du Saint-Esprit. p. IX. 7259:

History of Kiswahili Poetry, A.D. 1000–2000: A Report

6540:"The Failure of Language Policy in Tanzanian Schools" 5980:"UNESCO declares July 7 World Kiswahili Language Day" 5807: 4987:." "My child each year lies on the ground (pumpkin)." 4678:

There are Swahili-based slangs, pidgins and creoles:

3345:'places'. However, any noun with the locative suffix 2506:

Swahili in Arabic script on the clothes of a girl in

2412:

Where not shown, the orthography is the same as IPA.

1773:

During the struggle for Tanganyika independence, the

10183: 7256:

Mulokozi, Mugyabuso M.; Sengo, Tigiti S. Y. (1995).

6969: 6967: 6588: 6282: 5937:"Tanzania to send Kiswahili teachers to South Sudan" 5307: 5246:

Where two elephants argue, the grassland is damaged.

2976:

They include a couple of generic words for animals:

2726:(having a 'little bit' of some characteristic, like 1627:

Swahili is recognized as a national language in the

314: 8095:

Chi-Chifundi: A Dialect of the Southern Kenya Coast

8029:

Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities

7999: 7422:Derek Nurse; Thomas Spear; Thomas T. Spear (1985). 5699:"'It's time we move from the coloniser's language'" 2857:Another class with broad semantic extension is the 1727: 1241:, but also other contributing languages, including 8301: 8044:. Vol. 1. New York: Oxford University Press. 4739:(1944–2020), Tanzanian novelist, poet, and scholar 4631:predominates, a variant of Swahili referred to as 1873:is also commonly pronounced as mid-position after 12939:Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo 8497:Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo 8293:from the original on 14 October 2018 – via 8114:(in Swahili). Nairobi: Jomo Kenyatta Foundation. 7957:Working Papers in Urban Language & Literacies 6964: 6133:, Folia Orientalia, 2012, PAS Journals Repository 5618:Center for International Studies, Ohio University 5293:the United Nations for the maintenance of peace. 5277:shughuli za Umoja wa Mataifa za kudumisha amani. 4733:(1909–1962), Tanzanian poet, author, and essayist 2877:'mat'); supernatural and natural forces, such as 2564:The language used to be primarily written in the 1647:In order to strengthen political ties with other 12880: 7428:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 65. 5655:University of Arizona Critical Languages Program 4947:." "We match together, like a dish and a cover." 4881:Mlevi wa mvinyo hulevuka, mlevi wa mali halevuki 3651:Swahili phrases agree with nouns in a system of 3209:Classes 9–10 are used for most typical animals: 1907:, "sheep") due to a historical process in which 971:. It is the lingua franca of other areas in the 8147: 8061:Ki-Vumba: A Dialect of the Southern Kenya Coast 5568:"Sadc Adopts Kiswahili as 4th Working Language" 5148:The person who abandons his culture is a slave. 4769:(b. 1946), Kenyan poet and political activist. 4745:(1917–1969), Tanzanian writer, lawyer, and poet 4651:minority ethnic group, which lives in the tiny 4635:(also known as Chimbalazi) is spoken along the 2584:. The usage of Arabic script was suppressed in 1639:and differ considerably from Standard Swahili. 1217:The core of the Swahili language originates in 1105:Swahili in Arabic script—memorial plate at the 8302:Erickson, Helen; Gustafsson, Marianne (1989). 8251:. Studies in African History. London: Methuen. 8022: 6057:. Centre for Applied Linguistics. p. 28. 4869:." "Running on a roof ends at the edge of it." 3100:from this, individual things found in groups: 2854:" (perhaps originally meaning "stubby legs"). 1897:can be pronounced as in word-final position. 1737:Swahili played a major role in spreading both 931:Due to concerted efforts by the government of 11528: 11126: 10342: 10145: 9876: 9420: 8481: 7255: 5420:, Linguasphere Press, Volume Two, pp. 733–735 5169:Two sayings with the same literal meaning of 4968:." "When the cat goes away, the rat is king." 4909:" "My hen has laid among thorns (pineapple)." 4854:" "The Hare and the Lion," a story about the 8148:Nurse, Derek; Hinnebusch, Thomas J. (1993). 8040:Irele, Abiola; Jeyifo, Biodun, eds. (2010). 7671:Swahili Tales as Told by Natives of Zanzibar 7239: 7237: 7021:"Aspiration in Swahili Adjectives and Verbs" 6025:, 800–1500. University of Pennsylvania Press 5888:"Pandemic disrupts Kiswahili adoption plans" 5542:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 5536:Nurse, Derek; Spear, Thomas (10 June 2017). 5243:Ndovu wawili wakisongana, ziumiazo ni nyika. 5171:Where elephants fight, the grass is trampled 4902:" "My house is large; it has no door (egg)." 4832:Swahili Tales as Told by Natives of Zanzibar 4708: – Swahili pidgin from Kenya and Zambia 3557: 3532: 3523: 3503: 3494: 3456: 3447: 3406: 3397: 3372: 2428:phoneme is realised as either a short trill 1421: 1152: 911: 906: 12862:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S) 12857:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones J–M) 12852:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H) 12847:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D) 12842:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B) 9890: 8320:"Proposal to add Arabic letter for Swahili" 8039: 7510: 7289: 7251: 7249: 7053:"A Guide to Swahili – The Swahili alphabet" 6876:, Ohio University Press, pp. 181–182, 6791:"When northern Swahili met southern Somali" 6702:"The variability of Kiswahili In Bujumbura" 4985:Mtoto wangu killa mwaka hulala chini (boga) 4821: 4275:mwororo, waororo, myororo, chororo, vyororo 2909:'beehive/cannon'. From the central idea of 27:Bantu language spoken mainly in East Africa 11535: 11521: 11133: 11119: 10349: 10335: 10152: 10138: 9883: 9869: 9427: 9413: 8488: 8474: 8206:. London: International African Institute. 8042:The Oxford encyclopedia of African thought 7970: 6675: 5636: 5634: 5535: 4961:." "The right hand does not cut the left." 4954:." "If one fish is bad, they are all bad." 2762:(usually not very active ones) are found: 1261:Source languages for loanwords in Swahili 764: 10356: 7947: 7234: 7103:https://doi.org/10.1017/S1356186300008312 7076: 7074: 6935:"Glottolog 4.5 – Northeast Coastal Bantu" 6869: 6838: 6828: 6085:"A Brief History of the Swahili Language" 5693: 5691: 5689: 5426:, Routledge, pp. 289–346, maps 80, 81, 85 5412:International Encyclopedia of Linguistics 5044:Follow the bee so that you may eat honey. 4788:(b. 1943) , Tanzanian playwright and poet 3639:Learn how and when to remove this message 3540:), was reinterpreted as a class 6 plural 3116:'fruit' (also the names of most fruits), 8249:Swahili: the rise of a national language 8246: 8150:Swahili and Sabaki: a linguistic history 8031:. University of Virginia. Archived from 7805:Baraza la Kiswahili la Zanzibar (2010). 7577:"African Swahili music lives on in Oman" 7350: 7246: 7014: 7012: 6810: 6010:Swahili and Sabaki: A Linguistic History 5422:Benji Wald, 1994, "Sub-Saharan Africa", 5151: 4900:Nyumba yangu kubwa, haina mlango (yayi). 4876:?" "Who will dance to a lion's roaring?" 4751:(b. 1981), South African rapper and poet 4647:also serves as the mother tongue of the 4548:, a dialect of the southern Kenya coast. 4539:, a dialect of the southern Kenya coast. 4306:Swahili and Sabaki: a linguistic history 2501: 1792: 1571: 1383: 1100: 11140: 8328:, a method of writing Swahili with the 8112:Kiswahili au Kiingereza? (Nchini Kenya) 8109: 8092: 8075: 8058: 7809:(in Swahili). Oxford University Press. 7599: 7568: 7504: 7335: 7178: 7176: 7096: 7094: 6627:"CHAKITA:Chama Cha Kiswahili Cha Taifa" 6459: 6457: 6455: 6453: 6372: 6366: 6242:Ivory and Slaves in East Central Africa 5934: 5746:. East African Educational Publishers. 5631: 5410:Thomas J. Hinnebusch, 1992, "Swahili", 4994:" "My great house has no lamp (grave)." 4945:Tulingane sawasawa, kama sahani na kawa 4890:." "What bites is in your own clothes." 4714: – Nairobi urban-based youth slang 3475:, following Bantu grammar in which the 1700:; both contain a significant amount of 1053:as 7 July to commemorate the date that 793:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 598:Baraza la Kiswahili la Afrika Mashariki 14: 12881: 9434: 8174: 8128: 7928: 7896: 7894: 7071: 6254: 6239: 6047: 5842:from the original on 18 September 2018 5827: 5686: 5642:Encyclopedia of the World's Minorities 5608: 5590: 5011: 4992:Nyumba vangu kubwa haina taa (kaburi). 4673: 4488:is the subdialect of the Mombasa area. 4434:is spoken in and around the island of 4407:, in Gujarat, India (possibly extinct) 4300:Dialects and closely related languages 2660: 989:Southern African Development Community 476:Southern African Development Community 12909:Non-tonal languages in tonal families 11516: 11114: 10330: 10159: 10133: 9864: 9408: 8469: 8456: 8227: 8210: 8201: 8133:. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press. 7931:Swahili Grammar: Including intonation 7587:from the original on 17 November 2015 7574: 7059:from the original on 12 February 2020 7018: 7009: 6989:from the original on 27 November 2020 6957: 6955: 6763: 6194:from the original on 5 September 2017 6151: 6064:from the original on 27 November 2020 5828:Sobuwa, Yoliswa (17 September 2018). 5434: 5432: 4907:Kuku wangu akazalia miibani (nanasi). 2893:'fire', including active body parts ( 1749:. From their arrival in East Africa, 1716:ethnic minority mostly living in the 1450:. The Zanzibar dialect was chosen as 1122:name for the area, meaning "coasts": 61: 8458:Articles related to Swahili language 8341: 7959:23. Ghent University. Archived from 7173: 7091: 6576:from the original on 22 October 2020 6500:from the original on 23 October 2019 6450: 6342:from the original on 28 October 2019 6333: 6244:. London: Heinemann. pp. 98–99. 5894:from the original on 5 December 2020 5795:from the original on 21 October 2016 5578:from the original on 18 October 2020 5204:Fighting elephants damage the grass. 4932:An anonymous publication from 1881, 4763:(b. 1965), Tanzanian author and poet 4727:(c. 1810s–15 July 1919), Kenyan poet 4475:is a subdialect of the Mombasa area. 3941: 3914: 3672:. Infinitives vary between standard 3621:adding citations to reliable sources 3592: 2460: 885:Swahili has a significant number of 7891: 6676:Okamura, Toru; Kai, Masumi (2020). 6656:Kenya Broadcasting Corporation(KBC) 6409:Adriaan Hendrik Johan Prins (1961) 6315:from the original on 1 October 2017 6289:from the original on 8 October 2011 5935:Mbamalu, Socrates (13 March 2019). 4643:. Another Swahili dialect known as 3558: 3533: 3524: 3504: 3495: 3457: 3448: 3407: 3398: 3373: 3319:Class 14 are abstractions, such as 2734:in English). For example, there is 2553:is not used apart from the digraph 1153: 1141: 1129: 1075:Guthrie's geographic classification 907: 47: 24: 12820:Languages between parentheses are 7746:Swahili Stories from Arab Sources 7531:from the original on 23 March 2021 7442:from the original on 30 March 2021 6952: 6817:Journal of Eastern African Studies 6301: 6142:Nurse and Hinnebusch, 1993, p. 321 5868:from the original on 22 March 2021 5429: 5389:Jomo Kenyatta Prize for Literature 4916:" "Two nuts cross a river (eyes)." 4816: 3993: 3966: 2742:"leaf" (compare English 'leafy'), 1537:applications have been developed. 1379: 995:created an institution called the 25: 12985: 12974:Languages of the African diaspora 12899:Languages written in Latin script 8256: 8184:Nordic Journal of African Studies 7575:Fuchs, Martina (5 October 2011). 7517:. New Africa Press. p. 102. 7082:https://ajami.hypotheses.org/1089 6870:Weitzberg, Keren (25 July 2017), 6788: 6546:from the original on 16 July 2020 6438:from the original on 6 March 2019 5990:from the original on 30 July 2022 5723:from the original on 23 July 2019 4952:Samaki mmoja akioza, wameoza wote 4867:Mbio za sakafuni hwishia ukingoni 4612:language, distinct from Swahili. 4371:on the southern coast of Somalia. 3093:'millipede' (large set of legs), 2615:, which are roughly analogous to 2611:Swahili nouns are separable into 2436:or more commonly as a single tap 2396: 2376: 2369: 2362: 2344: 2336: 2328: 2321: 2313: 2305: 2288: 2278: 2270: 2262: 2242: 2233: 2211: 2202: 2193: 2182: 2165: 2158: 2151: 2142: 2126: 2120: 2113: 2107: 2100: 2094: 2085: 2079: 2058: 2051: 2044: 2035: 2014: 2007: 2000: 1991: 1881:is pronounced as such only after 1775:Tanganyika African National Union 1588:Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili 1457: 1118:The word `Swahili' comes from an 1060: 997:East African Kiswahili Commission 10186: 8435: 8418: 8401: 8384: 8367: 8350: 8279:Arthur Cornwallis Madan (1902). 8025:"Noun Classification in Swahili" 7879: 7867: 7855: 7843: 7831: 7782: 7767: 7560: 7496: 7471: 7353:Four centuries of Swahili verses 7338:Grammaire des dialectes swahilis 6919: 6811:Scharrer, Tabea (16 June 2018). 6798:Contemporary African Linguistics 6360:Nurse & Thomas Spear (1985) 6221:from the original on 12 May 2017 6212: 6095:from the original on 12 May 2017 6012:. University of California Press 5960:Nurse and Hinnebusch, 1993, p.18 5668:from the original on 23 May 2022 5521: 5503: 5485: 5467: 5449: 5324: 5310: 5117:Mgaagaa na upwa hali wali mkavu. 4718: 4615: 3597: 3380:("bug, insect") was borrowed as 3330:Class 15 are verbal infinitives. 3097:'xylophone' (large set of keys) 2889:'river'; active things, such as 2623:mark groups of similar objects: 2619:in other languages. In Swahili, 2464: 1813:Standard Swahili has five vowel 1728:Religious and political identity 1629:Democratic Republic of The Congo 945:Democratic Republic of the Congo 741:G.40.A–H (pidgins & creoles) 549: 536: 523: 510: 497: 469: 457: 445: 423: 410: 397: 384: 339: 114:Democratic Republic of the Congo 12904:Northeast Coast Bantu languages 7752: 7737: 7725: 7713: 7701: 7689: 7677: 7662: 7637: 7612: 7543: 7479: 7454: 7415: 7389: 7359: 7344: 7329: 7283: 7221: 7128: 7125:See Contini-Morava for details. 7119: 7115:Noun Classification in Swahili. 7107: 7045: 7000: 6927: 6902: 6863: 6804: 6782: 6757: 6743: 6715: 6694: 6669: 6644: 6619: 6558: 6532: 6512: 6482: 6420: 6403: 6354: 6327: 6275: 6248: 6233: 6206: 6180: 6145: 6136: 6116: 6107: 6082: 6076: 6041: 6028: 6015: 6002: 5972: 5963: 5954: 5928: 5906: 5880: 5854: 5821: 5777: 5768: 5735: 5598:New Updated Guthrie List Online 5377: 5360:UCLA Language Materials Project 4939:Here are some of the proverbs: 4928:" "An enigma! — Set your trap." 4345: 4284: 4211: 3608:needs additional citations for 2606: 1233:and, to a lesser extent, other 12824:of the language on their left. 8023:Contini-Morava, Ellen (1994). 6089:Swahili Language & Culture 5709: 5662:"World Kiswahili Language Day" 5602: 5560: 5529: 5424:Atlas of the World's Languages 5404: 5250: 5201:Wapiganapo tembo nyasi huumia. 4972:Here are some of the riddles: 4966:Paka akiondoka, panya hutawala 4914:Popo mbili zavuka mto (macho). 3544:, receiving the singular form 3388:, with the class 1/2 prefixes 2690:). Examples of the latter are 2456: 1929:. A similar process exists in 1722:Northeast Coast Bantu language 1680:of Swahili are spoken by some 1085:, and was initially spread by 13: 1: 8213:A Swahili Nautical Dictionary 8204:Ethnographic Survey of Africa 8177:"On language rights in Kenya" 8175:Ogechi, Nathan Oyori (2003). 7511:Mwakikagile, Godfrey (2007). 6830:10.1080/17531055.2018.1483864 6038:, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 257–290 5742:Mazrui, Ali Al'Amin. (1995). 5609:Mugane, John (21 June 2022). 5398: 4776: 4422: 3442:The Swahili word for "book", 2511: 1936: 1611:Chama cha Kiswahili cha Taifa 889:from other languages, mainly 861:, who are found primarily in 588:Chama cha Kiswahili cha Taifa 169:: 83 million (2019–2023) 8274:List of Swahili Dictionaries 8190:(3): 277–295. Archived from 7876:. Consulted on 13 June 2021. 7864:. Consulted on 13 June 2021. 7840:. Consulted on 13 June 2021. 7243:H.E.Lambert 1956, 1957, 1958 7113:Ellen Contini-Morava (1994) 7019:Lodhi, Abdulaziz Y. (2003). 6338:. Lexikos. pp. 126–27. 5719:. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 5078:After hardship comes relief. 4874:Angurumapo simba, mteza nani 3588: 3366: 2945:is an active body part, and 2905:'village', and, by analogy, 1781: 1235:East African Bantu languages 1113: 682: – Coastal Swahili 578:Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa 7: 8110:Marshad, Hassan A. (1993). 8008:. Oxford University Press. 7792:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 55-56. 7514:Kenya: identity of a nation 5664:. UNESCO. 5 November 2021. 5303: 4959:Wa kuume haukati wa kushoto 4794:(1933–2021), Tanzanian poet 4311: 3703:Swahili noun-class concord 2686:"vessel" (a contraction of 2627:marks single human beings ( 1942:Swahili consonant phonemes 1768: 1732: 1592:University of Dar es Salaam 1580: 1462: 1180: 1171: 1162: 1033:), an official language in 912: 10: 12990: 8282:English-Swahili dictionary 8247:Whiteley, Wilfred (1969). 7973:Oxford Review of Education 7922: 7807:Kamusi la Kiswahili Fasaha 7397:"SOAS Swahili manuscripts" 7355:. London: DARF PUBLISHERS. 7311:"SOAS Swahili manuscripts" 7229:The acquisition of Swahili 6680:. IGI Global. p. 58. 5969:Nurse and Hinnebusch, 1993 4604:Maho includes the various 4565:is a local dialect of the 3446:, is borrowed from Arabic 3405:("fish scales", plural of 2599: 2595: 2588:and to a lesser extent in 2572:, a scholar and poet from 2495: 1785: 1676:nationally or regionally. 1667: 1642: 1620: 1551:language learning software 1096: 112:, the eastern part of the 12806: 12779: 12732: 12691: 12580: 12573: 12510: 12487: 12386: 12309: 12268: 12245: 12238: 12199: 12158: 12135: 12128: 12035: 11982: 11923: 11788: 11711: 11646: 11563: 11556: 11420: 11394: 11301: 11183: 11174: 11148: 11088: 11057: 10999: 10956: 10916: 10848: 10780: 10752: 10702: 10624: 10608: 10510: 10465: 10414: 10403: 10394: 10385: 10364: 10308: 10275: 10219: 10203: 10181: 10167: 10111: 10085: 9914: 9898: 9837: 9821: 9730: 9663: 9590: 9472: 9463: 9442: 9386: 9329: 9171:Kango (Bas-Uélé District) 9086: 9018: 8995: 8977: 8894: 8846: 8803: 8680: 8577: 8562: 8519: 8503: 8463: 8000:Chiraghdin, Shihabuddin; 7674:. London: Bell and Daldy. 7649:Poetry Translation Centre 7624:Poetry Translation Centre 7365: 7336:SACLEUX, Charles (1909). 7309: 6976:Swahili Language Handbook 6840:21.11116/0000-0001-F64C-5 6432:Microsoft Download Center 6311:. About World Languages. 6051:Swahili Language Handbook 4594:used to be spoken around 4279:mume, waume, kiume, viume 4197: 4175: 4153: 4128: 4101: 4079: 4059: 4040: 4032: 4026: 4023: 4014: 4000: 3975: 3948: 3923: 3896: 3874: 3852: 3767: 3749: 3069:'language/ethnic group', 2810:prefixes. One example is 2386: 2352: 2222: 2024: 1985: 1946: 1921:, "sheep" was originally 1808: 1804:Example of spoken Swahili 1753:brought Islam and set up 1655: 1522:in the 20th century. The 1212: 857:originally spoken by the 829: 819: 811: 779: 763: 749: 724: 708: 650: 632: 614: 609: 596: 586: 576: 566: 484: 371:Official language in 369: 364: 322: 275: 261: 173: 164:: 5.3 million (2019–2023) 157: 147: 77: 54: 39: 34: 10119:Mozambican Sign Language 8211:Prins, A. H. J. (1970). 8129:Mugane, John A. (2015). 7933:. Essex: Longman House. 7788:Rollins, Jack D. (1983) 7401:SOAS Swahili manuscripts 7315:SOAS Swahili manuscripts 7151:25 November 2020 at the 6771:(Report). Archived from 6389:10.1177/1468796811432681 6257:Journal des Africanistes 5596:Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. 5416:David Dalby, 1999/2000, 5370: 4888:Kikulacho kinguoni mwako 4846:" "Goso the Teacher," a 4822:19th-century collections 4812:(1927–2017), Kenyan poet 4655:as well as the southern 4528:Unguja (Zanzibar) Island 3418:were borrowed as simply 1849:. However, according to 1720:. It is classified as a 1616: 1604: 1557:of 25 million words, an 939:(EAC) countries, namely 12959:Languages of Mozambique 12914:Agglutinative languages 11096:7 school sign languages 9892:Languages of Mozambique 9176:Kango (Tshopo District) 8305:Kiswahili Grammar Notes 8093:Lambert, H. E. (1958). 8076:Lambert, H. E. (1958). 8059:Lambert, H. E. (1957). 7948:Blommaert, Jan (2003). 7668:Steere, Edward (1870). 7146:Oxford University Press 6882:10.2307/j.ctv224txv2.16 6334:Mdee, James S. (1999). 4836:Kisa cha Punda wa Dobi, 3464:; from the Arabic root 3163:'a stroke, blow', from 3036:from this, mass nouns: 2990:Augmentatives, such as 2766:"death", from the verb 2637:marks multiple humans ( 350:Arabic Swahili alphabet 12831:Guthrie classification 11549:Guthrie classification 8322:at the Unicode Website 8263:UCLA report on Swahili 7985:10.1080/03054980125577 7929:Ashton, E. O. (1947). 7605:Beate Ursula Josephi, 7351:KNAPPERT, Jan (1979). 6269:10.3406/jafr.2002.1308 6240:Alpers, E. A. (1975). 6048:Polomé, Edgar (1967). 5789:East African Community 5611:"The Story of Swahili" 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5166: 5163:Amboseli National Park 5145:Mwacha mila ni mtumwa. 5140: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5088: 5083: 5075:Baada ya dhiki faraja. 5064: 5059: 5054: 5049: 5041:Fuata nyuki ule asali. 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 4800:(b. 1948), Kenyan poet 4444:is a local dialect of 4320:the dialect spoken in 4304:This list is based on 2929:"metal forging", from 2790:"a ford, a pass" from 2649: 2647:marks abstract nouns ( 2639: 2629: 2515: 1917: 1903: 1805: 1649:East African Community 1577: 1576:Swahili in East Africa 1553:, an analysed Swahili 1547:part-of-speech tagging 1524:East African Community 1422: 1408: 1110: 1109:, Dar es Salaam (1927) 993:East African Community 937:East African Community 848: 781:This article contains 464:East African Community 340:Roman Swahili alphabet 41: 12934:Languages of Tanzania 11166:Ugandan Sign Language 11058:Isolates/unclassified 10358:Languages of Tanzania 10204:Main foreign language 8006:Historia ya Kiswahili 8002:Mnyampala, Mathias E. 7227:Kamil Ud Deen, 2005. 7182:See pp. 11 and 52 in 7034:: 157. Archived from 6129:30 March 2021 at the 5817:Press Release on EAKC 5155: 4840:The Heart of a Monkey 4761:Christopher Mwashinga 4683:Kitaa – Dar es Salaam 4668:Sultanate of Zanzibar 4415:Mombasa–Lamu Swahili 4339:on the Kenyan Coast. 4253:does not change; and 3362:(it's nice in there). 2505: 1877:. Polomé claims that 1803: 1575: 1559:electronic dictionary 1387: 1104: 225:Northeast Coast Bantu 12924:Languages of Burundi 9915:Indigenous languages 9829:Kenyan Sign Language 8228:Sakai, Yuko (2020). 8131:The Story of Swahili 7290:Mathieu Roy (2013). 7199:12 June 2018 at the 5986:. 24 November 2021. 5649:The Story of Swahili 5414:, Oxford, pp. 99–106 5161:elephants frolic in 4926:Kitendawili! — Tega. 4810:Ahmed Sheikh Nabhany 4743:Mathias E. Mnyampala 3617:improve this article 2417:/pʰtʰtʃʰkʰbʱdʱdʒʱɡʱ/ 1839:Ellen Contini-Morava 1760:From the arrival of 1051:Swahili Language Day 842:, also known by its 63:[kiswɑˈhili] 12969:Languages of Malawi 12954:Languages of Zambia 12949:Languages of Angola 12944:Languages of Rwanda 12929:Languages of Uganda 11421:Immigrant languages 11142:Languages of Uganda 10475:Central Kilimanjaro 10316:Omani Sign Language 10276:Varieties of Arabic 10086:Immigrant languages 9731:Immigrant languages 9394:French African Sign 8267:John Ogwana (2001) 8035:on 1 February 2024. 7645:"Kithaka wa Mberia" 7366:Maho, Jouni Filip. 6778:on 19 January 2022. 5890:. 3 November 2020. 5864:. 12 October 2020. 5705:. 17 February 2022. 5572:European Commission 5365:Languages of Africa 5256: 5012:Additional proverbs 4737:Euphrase Kezilahabi 4674:Pidgins and creoles 4457:the epics of Liongo 3704: 3552:Similarly, English 3502:("teacher", plural 3258:'sole, footprint', 2961:'year' and perhaps 2661:Semantic motivation 2635:⟨wa-⟩ 2590:British East Africa 2522:for native sounds, 1943: 1841:, vowels are never 1563:machine translation 1535:language technology 1528:East African region 1472:African Great Lakes 1428:British East Africa 1262: 1231:Mijikenda languages 1037:and also spoken in 1001:East African region 973:African Great Lakes 877:coast and adjacent 486:Recognised minority 12919:Languages of Kenya 11149:Official languages 11080:"Serengeti-Dorobo" 10365:Official languages 10220:Minority languages 9502:Idaxo-Isuxa-Tiriki 9443:Official languages 9436:Languages of Kenya 8520:National languages 7743:anonymous (1881). 7296:(French ed.). 7194:Palgrave Macmillan 7184:Ghil'ad Zuckermann 7136:Ghil'ad Zuckermann 6764:Henderson, Brent. 6213:Juma, Abdurahman. 5717:"Swahili language" 5574:. 30 August 2019. 5345:Swahili literature 5255: 5167: 5158:Loxodonta africana 4731:Shaaban bin Robert 4277:"mild, yielding", 4169:imprecise position 3702: 3658:(Kiswahili sanifu) 3323:'childhood' (from 3308:'a mote of dust', 3266:'winnowing basket' 2826:"a blind person", 2645:⟨u-⟩ 2625:⟨m-⟩ 2586:German East Africa 2578:the United Kingdom 2516: 2508:German East Africa 2476:. You can help by 1941: 1806: 1599:Kiswahili la Taifa 1578: 1409: 1260: 1111: 1087:Arab slave traders 893:, as well as from 12964:Languages of Oman 12876: 12875: 12870: 12869: 12815:extinct languages 12802: 12801: 12569: 12568: 12234: 12233: 12124: 12123: 11510: 11509: 11506: 11505: 11108: 11107: 11104: 11103: 10952: 10951: 10748: 10747: 10324: 10323: 10168:Official language 10161:Languages of Oman 10127: 10126: 9899:Official language 9858: 9857: 9726: 9725: 9402: 9401: 9382: 9381: 8504:Official language 8140:978-0-89680-293-3 8051:978-0-19-533473-9 7902:"Swahili Reading" 7816:978-0-19-573618-2 7558:(25th ed., 2022) 7524:978-0-9802587-9-0 7494:(25th ed., 2022) 7469:(25th ed., 2022) 7134:See pp. 83–84 in 7028:Africa & Asia 6917:(25th ed., 2022) 6528:978-1-138-22829-0 6215:"Swahili history" 5916:. 9 February 2022 5519:(27th ed., 2024) 5501:(27th ed., 2024) 5483:(27th ed., 2024) 5465:(27th ed., 2024) 5447:(27th ed., 2024) 5301: 5300: 4852:Sungura na Simba, 4804:Kithaka wa Mberia 4767:Abdilatif Abdalla 4598:and to the south. 4496:is spoken around 4379:is spoken by the 4335:, the dialect of 4208: 4207: 4191:internal position 4016:animals, 'other', 3680:("Of" is animate 3649: 3648: 3641: 3081:'fur, feathers', 2494: 2493: 2410: 2409: 1801: 1682:ethnic minorities 1567:Swahili Knowledge 1418:Berlin conference 1343: 1342: 1210: 1209: 837: 836: 807: 806: 789:rendering support 785:phonetic symbols. 665:Individual codes: 568:Regulated by 130:Bravanese dialect 16:(Redirected from 12981: 12889:Swahili language 12578: 12577: 12243: 12242: 12133: 12132: 11561: 11560: 11547:(Zones E–H) (by 11537: 11530: 11523: 11514: 11513: 11181: 11180: 11135: 11128: 11121: 11112: 11111: 10502:West Kilimanjaro 10412: 10411: 10401: 10400: 10392: 10391: 10351: 10344: 10337: 10328: 10327: 10196: 10191: 10190: 10189: 10154: 10147: 10140: 10131: 10130: 9885: 9878: 9871: 9862: 9861: 9470: 9469: 9429: 9422: 9415: 9406: 9405: 8805:Kasai-Occidental 8755:Ngbaka Minagende 8575: 8574: 8490: 8483: 8476: 8467: 8466: 8454: 8453: 8448: 8440: 8439: 8438: 8431: 8423: 8422: 8421: 8414: 8406: 8405: 8404: 8397: 8389: 8388: 8387: 8380: 8372: 8371: 8370: 8363: 8355: 8354: 8353: 8343: 8337:Swahili language 8316: 8314: 8312: 8298: 8252: 8243: 8224: 8207: 8198: 8197:on 16 July 2011. 8196: 8181: 8171: 8144: 8125: 8106: 8089: 8072: 8055: 8036: 8019: 7996: 7967: 7965: 7954: 7944: 7917: 7916: 7914: 7912: 7898: 7889: 7883: 7877: 7871: 7865: 7859: 7853: 7847: 7841: 7835: 7829: 7828: 7802: 7793: 7786: 7780: 7771: 7765: 7756: 7750: 7741: 7735: 7729: 7723: 7717: 7711: 7705: 7699: 7693: 7687: 7681: 7675: 7666: 7660: 7659: 7657: 7655: 7641: 7635: 7634: 7632: 7630: 7616: 7610: 7603: 7597: 7596: 7594: 7592: 7572: 7566: 7565: 7564: 7550:Swahili language 7547: 7541: 7540: 7538: 7536: 7508: 7502: 7501: 7500: 7486:Swahili language 7483: 7477: 7476: 7475: 7461:Swahili language 7458: 7452: 7451: 7449: 7447: 7419: 7413: 7412: 7410: 7408: 7393: 7387: 7386: 7384: 7382: 7372: 7363: 7357: 7356: 7348: 7342: 7341: 7333: 7327: 7326: 7324: 7322: 7307: 7298: 7297: 7287: 7281: 7280: 7278: 7276: 7253: 7244: 7241: 7232: 7225: 7219: 7180: 7171: 7132: 7126: 7123: 7117: 7111: 7105: 7098: 7089: 7078: 7069: 7068: 7066: 7064: 7049: 7043: 7042: 7041:on 15 July 2020. 7040: 7025: 7016: 7007: 7004: 6998: 6997: 6996: 6994: 6988: 6981: 6971: 6962: 6959: 6950: 6949: 6947: 6945: 6931: 6925: 6924: 6923: 6906: 6900: 6899: 6898: 6896: 6867: 6861: 6860: 6842: 6832: 6808: 6802: 6801: 6795: 6786: 6780: 6779: 6777: 6770: 6761: 6755: 6754: 6747: 6741: 6740: 6738: 6736: 6719: 6713: 6712: 6710: 6708: 6698: 6692: 6691: 6673: 6667: 6666: 6664: 6662: 6648: 6642: 6641: 6639: 6637: 6623: 6617: 6616: 6614: 6612: 6604:The East African 6595: 6586: 6585: 6583: 6581: 6562: 6556: 6555: 6553: 6551: 6536: 6530: 6516: 6510: 6509: 6507: 6505: 6494:metashare.csc.fi 6486: 6480: 6479: 6477: 6475: 6461: 6448: 6447: 6445: 6443: 6424: 6418: 6407: 6401: 6400: 6370: 6364: 6358: 6352: 6351: 6349: 6347: 6331: 6325: 6324: 6322: 6320: 6305: 6299: 6298: 6296: 6294: 6279: 6273: 6272: 6252: 6246: 6245: 6237: 6231: 6230: 6228: 6226: 6210: 6204: 6203: 6201: 6199: 6184: 6178: 6177: 6149: 6143: 6140: 6134: 6120: 6114: 6111: 6105: 6104: 6102: 6100: 6080: 6074: 6073: 6071: 6069: 6063: 6056: 6045: 6039: 6032: 6026: 6019: 6013: 6006: 6000: 5999: 5997: 5995: 5976: 5970: 5967: 5961: 5958: 5952: 5951: 5949: 5947: 5932: 5926: 5925: 5923: 5921: 5910: 5904: 5903: 5901: 5899: 5884: 5878: 5877: 5875: 5873: 5858: 5852: 5851: 5849: 5847: 5825: 5819: 5814: 5805: 5804: 5802: 5800: 5781: 5775: 5772: 5766: 5765: 5739: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5728: 5713: 5707: 5706: 5695: 5684: 5681: 5675: 5673: 5647:John M. Mugane, 5638: 5629: 5628: 5626: 5624: 5615: 5606: 5600: 5594: 5588: 5587: 5585: 5583: 5564: 5558: 5557: 5533: 5527: 5526: 5525: 5508: 5507: 5490: 5489: 5472: 5471: 5454: 5453: 5436: 5427: 5408: 5392: 5381: 5334: 5332:Languages portal 5329: 5328: 5320: 5315: 5314: 5313: 5257: 5254: 4781: 4778: 4641:Bravanese people 4533:Mambrui, Malindi 4526:and environs on 4427: 4424: 4294: 4290:In a few verbs: 4288: 4282: 4271:mwanana, waanana 4215: 4204:mu-, mwi-, mwe- 4182:ku-, kwi-, kwe- 4144:precise position 4135:ku-, kwi-, kwe- 3995: 3970: 3943: 3930:ji-/Ø, ji-, je- 3918: 3705: 3701: 3644: 3637: 3633: 3630: 3624: 3601: 3593: 3561: 3560: 3536: 3535: 3527: 3526: 3507: 3506: 3498: 3497: 3460: 3459: 3451: 3450: 3410: 3409: 3401: 3400: 3376: 3375: 3175:'advice, plan', 3085:'small change', 2937:"a sound", from 2794:"to cross"; and 2652: 2646: 2642: 2636: 2632: 2626: 2535: 2513: 2489: 2486: 2468: 2461: 2452: 2448: 2443: 2435: 2427: 2418: 2400: 2380: 2373: 2366: 2348: 2340: 2332: 2325: 2317: 2309: 2292: 2282: 2274: 2266: 2246: 2237: 2215: 2206: 2197: 2186: 2169: 2162: 2155: 2146: 2130: 2124: 2117: 2111: 2104: 2098: 2089: 2083: 2062: 2055: 2048: 2039: 2018: 2011: 2004: 1995: 1944: 1940: 1920: 1910: 1906: 1888: 1880: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1845:, regardless of 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1802: 1788:Help:IPA/Swahili 1543:spelling checker 1452:standard Swahili 1425: 1266:Source languages 1263: 1259: 1183: 1174: 1165: 1156: 1155: 1145: 1133: 1125: 1124: 915: 910: 909: 851: 809: 808: 768: 759: 745: 730: 720: 699: 688: 681: 671: 663:– inclusive code 662: 655: 646: 645: 637: 628: 627: 619: 601: 600: 591: 590: 581: 580: 555: 553: 552: 542: 540: 539: 529: 527: 526: 516: 514: 513: 503: 501: 500: 488:language in 474: 473: 472: 462: 461: 460: 450: 449: 448: 429: 427: 426: 416: 414: 413: 403: 401: 400: 390: 388: 387: 328: 316: 210:Southern Bantoid 179: 73: 72: 71: 65: 60: 50: 49: 44: 32: 31: 21: 18:Swahili Language 12989: 12988: 12984: 12983: 12982: 12980: 12979: 12978: 12894:Swahili culture 12879: 12878: 12877: 12872: 12871: 12866: 12798: 12775: 12728: 12687: 12661:Southeast Kongo 12565: 12506: 12483: 12473:Socotra Swahili 12382: 12305: 12264: 12230: 12195: 12154: 12120: 12031: 11978: 11968:Mwimbi-Muthambi 11919: 11784: 11707: 11642: 11552: 11545:Bantu languages 11541: 11511: 11502: 11416: 11390: 11297: 11176: 11170: 11144: 11139: 11109: 11100: 11084: 11053: 10995: 10948: 10912: 10844: 10776: 10744: 10698: 10626:Northeast Coast 10620: 10604: 10506: 10461: 10406: 10387: 10381: 10360: 10355: 10325: 10320: 10304: 10271: 10215: 10199: 10192: 10187: 10185: 10179: 10163: 10158: 10128: 10123: 10107: 10081: 9910: 9894: 9889: 9859: 9854: 9838:Urban languages 9833: 9817: 9722: 9659: 9586: 9465: 9459: 9438: 9433: 9403: 9398: 9378: 9325: 9082: 9014: 8991: 8973: 8890: 8842: 8799: 8676: 8566: 8564: 8558: 8515: 8499: 8494: 8459: 8451: 8441: 8436: 8434: 8427:Swahili edition 8424: 8419: 8417: 8413:from Wikivoyage 8407: 8402: 8400: 8390: 8385: 8383: 8373: 8368: 8366: 8362:from Wiktionary 8356: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8342:sister projects 8339:at Knowledge's 8310: 8308: 8289:. p. 555. 8287:Clarendon Press 8259: 8240: 8232:. Createspace. 8194: 8179: 8160: 8141: 8122: 8052: 8016: 7966:on 9 June 2007. 7963: 7952: 7941: 7925: 7920: 7910: 7908: 7906:mylanguages.org 7900: 7899: 7892: 7884: 7880: 7872: 7868: 7860: 7856: 7848: 7844: 7836: 7832: 7817: 7803: 7796: 7787: 7783: 7775:Swahili Stories 7772: 7768: 7760:Swahili Stories 7757: 7753: 7742: 7738: 7730: 7726: 7718: 7714: 7706: 7702: 7694: 7690: 7682: 7678: 7667: 7663: 7653: 7651: 7643: 7642: 7638: 7628: 7626: 7620:"Alamin Mazrui" 7618: 7617: 7613: 7604: 7600: 7590: 7588: 7573: 7569: 7559: 7548: 7544: 7534: 7532: 7525: 7509: 7505: 7495: 7484: 7480: 7470: 7459: 7455: 7445: 7443: 7436: 7420: 7416: 7406: 7404: 7395: 7394: 7390: 7380: 7378: 7370: 7364: 7360: 7349: 7345: 7334: 7330: 7320: 7318: 7308: 7301: 7288: 7284: 7274: 7272: 7270: 7254: 7247: 7242: 7235: 7226: 7222: 7201:Wayback Machine 7181: 7174: 7153:Wayback Machine 7133: 7129: 7124: 7120: 7112: 7108: 7099: 7092: 7079: 7072: 7062: 7060: 7051: 7050: 7046: 7038: 7023: 7017: 7010: 7005: 7001: 6992: 6990: 6986: 6979: 6973: 6972: 6965: 6960: 6953: 6943: 6941: 6933: 6932: 6928: 6918: 6907: 6903: 6894: 6892: 6868: 6864: 6809: 6805: 6793: 6787: 6783: 6775: 6768: 6762: 6758: 6749: 6748: 6744: 6734: 6732: 6721: 6720: 6716: 6706: 6704: 6700: 6699: 6695: 6688: 6674: 6670: 6660: 6658: 6650: 6649: 6645: 6635: 6633: 6625: 6624: 6620: 6610: 6608: 6597: 6596: 6589: 6579: 6577: 6564: 6563: 6559: 6549: 6547: 6538: 6537: 6533: 6517: 6513: 6503: 6501: 6488: 6487: 6483: 6473: 6471: 6463: 6462: 6451: 6441: 6439: 6426: 6425: 6421: 6408: 6404: 6371: 6367: 6359: 6355: 6345: 6343: 6332: 6328: 6318: 6316: 6307: 6306: 6302: 6292: 6290: 6281: 6280: 6276: 6253: 6249: 6238: 6234: 6224: 6222: 6211: 6207: 6197: 6195: 6186: 6185: 6181: 6150: 6146: 6141: 6137: 6131:Wayback Machine 6122:Baldi, Sergio, 6121: 6117: 6112: 6108: 6098: 6096: 6083:Ali, Hassan O. 6081: 6077: 6067: 6065: 6061: 6054: 6046: 6042: 6033: 6029: 6020: 6016: 6007: 6003: 5993: 5991: 5978: 5977: 5973: 5968: 5964: 5959: 5955: 5945: 5943: 5933: 5929: 5919: 5917: 5912: 5911: 5907: 5897: 5895: 5886: 5885: 5881: 5871: 5869: 5860: 5859: 5855: 5845: 5843: 5826: 5822: 5815: 5808: 5798: 5796: 5783: 5782: 5778: 5773: 5769: 5754: 5740: 5736: 5726: 5724: 5715: 5714: 5710: 5697: 5696: 5687: 5671: 5669: 5660: 5639: 5632: 5622: 5620: 5613: 5607: 5603: 5595: 5591: 5581: 5579: 5566: 5565: 5561: 5554: 5534: 5530: 5520: 5509: 5502: 5491: 5484: 5475:Coastal Swahili 5473: 5466: 5455: 5448: 5437: 5430: 5421: 5415: 5409: 5405: 5401: 5396: 5395: 5382: 5378: 5373: 5350:Settler Swahili 5340:Mandombe script 5330: 5323: 5316: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5269:Kifungu cha 26. 5253: 5248: 5241: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5206: 5199: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5150: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5128: 5122: 5115: 5111: 5106: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5080: 5073: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5046: 5039: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5014: 4848:cumulative tale 4824: 4819: 4817:Oral literature 4806:(b. 1955), Poet 4786:Ebrahim Hussein 4782:), Kenyan poet. 4779: 4721: 4706:Settler Swahili 4676: 4629:Somali language 4618: 4588:Kilwa (extinct) 4425: 4399:Socotra Swahili 4348: 4314: 4302: 4297: 4289: 4285: 4265:but not before 4241:and reduces to 4216: 4212: 4109: 4086:N-, nyi-, nye- 4066:m-, mwi-, mwe- 4033:N-, nyi-, nye- 4018: 4007:vi-, vi-, vye- 3982:ki-, ki-, che- 3903:mi-, mi-, mye- 3881:m-, mwi-, mwe- 3837:m-, mwi-, mwe- 3733: 3717: 3712: 3645: 3634: 3628: 3625: 3614: 3602: 3591: 3455:"book" (plural 3369: 3358:'a nice area', 3354:'a good spot', 3296:from 'a hair', 3262:'fence, yard', 3147:'a word', from 2994:'serpent' from 2933:"to forge", or 2714:) "room", from 2694:"infant", from 2682:"tree, wood"), 2663: 2655:Bantu languages 2644: 2634: 2624: 2609: 2604: 2602:Swahili grammar 2598: 2570:Mwalimu Sikujua 2533: 2500: 2490: 2484: 2481: 2474:needs expansion 2459: 2449:and the uvular 2072: 1967: 1939: 1837:. According to 1811: 1793: 1791: 1784: 1771: 1735: 1730: 1696:in the form of 1688:in the form of 1674:official status 1670: 1658: 1645: 1625: 1619: 1607: 1583: 1539:Arvi Hurskainen 1465: 1460: 1403:version of the 1382: 1380:Colonial period 1355:Sabaki language 1351:Sabaki language 1324:Iranian Persian 1219:Bantu languages 1215: 1116: 1107:Askari Monument 1099: 1063: 981:Southern Africa 928:in the region. 787:Without proper 775: 755: 744: 734: 731: 726: 716: 695: 694: 684: 683: 677: 676: 667: 666: 664: 658: 651: 641: 640: 633: 623: 622: 615: 605: 562: 561: 550: 548: 537: 535: 524: 522: 511: 509: 498: 496: 489: 487: 480: 470: 468: 458: 456: 446: 444: 441: 440: 435: 424: 422: 411: 409: 398: 396: 385: 383: 380: 379: 372: 365:Official status 360: 356:Swahili Braille 329: 324: 271: 264: 257: 220:Northeast Bantu 180: 177:Language family 175: 165: 67: 66: 58: 45: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 12987: 12977: 12976: 12971: 12966: 12961: 12956: 12951: 12946: 12941: 12936: 12931: 12926: 12921: 12916: 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12265: 12263: 12262: 12256: 12249: 12247: 12240: 12236: 12235: 12232: 12231: 12229: 12228: 12222: 12216: 12210: 12203: 12201: 12197: 12196: 12194: 12193: 12187: 12181: 12175: 12169: 12162: 12160: 12156: 12155: 12153: 12152: 12146: 12139: 12137: 12130: 12126: 12125: 12122: 12121: 12119: 12118: 12112: 12106: 12100: 12094: 12088: 12082: 12076: 12070: 12064: 12058: 12052: 12046: 12039: 12037: 12033: 12032: 12030: 12029: 12023: 12017: 12011: 12005: 11999: 11993: 11986: 11984: 11980: 11979: 11977: 11976: 11970: 11964: 11958: 11952: 11946: 11940: 11934: 11927: 11925: 11921: 11920: 11918: 11917: 11911: 11905: 11899: 11893: 11887: 11881: 11875: 11869: 11863: 11857: 11851: 11841: 11835: 11829: 11823: 11817: 11811: 11805: 11799: 11792: 11790: 11786: 11785: 11783: 11782: 11776: 11770: 11764: 11758: 11752: 11746: 11740: 11734: 11728: 11722: 11715: 11713: 11709: 11708: 11706: 11705: 11699: 11693: 11687: 11681: 11675: 11669: 11663: 11657: 11650: 11648: 11644: 11643: 11641: 11640: 11634: 11628: 11622: 11616: 11610: 11604: 11598: 11592: 11586: 11580: 11574: 11567: 11565: 11558: 11554: 11553: 11540: 11539: 11532: 11525: 11517: 11508: 11507: 11504: 11503: 11501: 11500: 11495: 11490: 11485: 11480: 11475: 11470: 11465: 11460: 11455: 11450: 11445: 11440: 11435: 11430: 11424: 11422: 11418: 11417: 11415: 11414: 11409: 11404: 11398: 11396: 11392: 11391: 11389: 11388: 11383: 11378: 11373: 11368: 11363: 11358: 11353: 11348: 11343: 11338: 11333: 11328: 11323: 11318: 11313: 11307: 11305: 11299: 11298: 11296: 11295: 11290: 11285: 11280: 11275: 11270: 11265: 11260: 11255: 11250: 11245: 11240: 11235: 11230: 11225: 11220: 11215: 11210: 11205: 11200: 11195: 11189: 11187: 11178: 11172: 11171: 11169: 11168: 11163: 11158: 11152: 11150: 11146: 11145: 11138: 11137: 11130: 11123: 11115: 11106: 11105: 11102: 11101: 11099: 11098: 11092: 11090: 11089:Sign languages 11086: 11085: 11083: 11082: 11077: 11072: 11067: 11061: 11059: 11055: 11054: 11052: 11051: 11046: 11041: 11036: 11031: 11026: 11021: 11016: 11011: 11005: 11003: 10997: 10996: 10994: 10993: 10988: 10983: 10978: 10973: 10968: 10962: 10960: 10954: 10953: 10950: 10949: 10947: 10946: 10941: 10936: 10931: 10926: 10920: 10918: 10914: 10913: 10911: 10910: 10905: 10900: 10895: 10890: 10885: 10880: 10875: 10870: 10865: 10860: 10854: 10852: 10846: 10845: 10843: 10842: 10837: 10832: 10827: 10822: 10817: 10812: 10807: 10802: 10797: 10792: 10786: 10784: 10778: 10777: 10775: 10774: 10769: 10764: 10758: 10756: 10750: 10749: 10746: 10745: 10743: 10742: 10737: 10732: 10727: 10722: 10717: 10712: 10706: 10704: 10700: 10699: 10697: 10696: 10691: 10686: 10681: 10676: 10671: 10666: 10661: 10656: 10651: 10646: 10641: 10636: 10630: 10628: 10622: 10621: 10619: 10618: 10612: 10610: 10606: 10605: 10603: 10602: 10597: 10592: 10587: 10582: 10577: 10572: 10567: 10562: 10557: 10552: 10547: 10542: 10537: 10532: 10527: 10522: 10516: 10514: 10508: 10507: 10505: 10504: 10499: 10494: 10489: 10484: 10483: 10482: 10471: 10469: 10463: 10462: 10460: 10459: 10454: 10449: 10444: 10439: 10434: 10429: 10424: 10418: 10416: 10409: 10398: 10389: 10383: 10382: 10380: 10379: 10374: 10368: 10366: 10362: 10361: 10354: 10353: 10346: 10339: 10331: 10322: 10321: 10319: 10318: 10312: 10310: 10309:Sign languages 10306: 10305: 10303: 10302: 10301: 10300: 10295: 10285: 10283:Bahrani Arabic 10279: 10277: 10273: 10272: 10270: 10269: 10264: 10259: 10254: 10249: 10244: 10239: 10234: 10229: 10223: 10221: 10217: 10216: 10214: 10213: 10207: 10205: 10201: 10200: 10198: 10197: 10182: 10180: 10178: 10177: 10171: 10169: 10165: 10164: 10157: 10156: 10149: 10142: 10134: 10125: 10124: 10122: 10121: 10115: 10113: 10112:Sign languages 10109: 10108: 10106: 10105: 10100: 10095: 10089: 10087: 10083: 10082: 10080: 10079: 10074: 10069: 10064: 10059: 10054: 10049: 10044: 10039: 10034: 10029: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10009: 10004: 9999: 9994: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9974: 9969: 9964: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9924: 9918: 9916: 9912: 9911: 9909: 9908: 9902: 9900: 9896: 9895: 9888: 9887: 9880: 9873: 9865: 9856: 9855: 9853: 9852: 9847: 9841: 9839: 9835: 9834: 9832: 9831: 9825: 9823: 9822:Sign languages 9819: 9818: 9816: 9815: 9810: 9805: 9800: 9795: 9790: 9785: 9780: 9775: 9770: 9765: 9760: 9755: 9750: 9745: 9740: 9734: 9732: 9728: 9727: 9724: 9723: 9721: 9720: 9715: 9710: 9705: 9700: 9695: 9690: 9685: 9680: 9675: 9669: 9667: 9661: 9660: 9658: 9657: 9652: 9647: 9645:Southern Oromo 9642: 9637: 9632: 9627: 9622: 9617: 9612: 9607: 9602: 9596: 9594: 9588: 9587: 9585: 9584: 9579: 9574: 9569: 9564: 9559: 9554: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9534: 9529: 9524: 9519: 9514: 9509: 9504: 9499: 9494: 9489: 9484: 9478: 9476: 9467: 9461: 9460: 9458: 9457: 9452: 9446: 9444: 9440: 9439: 9432: 9431: 9424: 9417: 9409: 9400: 9399: 9397: 9396: 9390: 9388: 9387:Sign languages 9384: 9383: 9380: 9379: 9377: 9376: 9371: 9366: 9361: 9356: 9351: 9346: 9341: 9335: 9333: 9327: 9326: 9324: 9323: 9318: 9313: 9308: 9303: 9298: 9293: 9288: 9283: 9278: 9273: 9268: 9263: 9258: 9253: 9248: 9243: 9238: 9233: 9228: 9223: 9218: 9213: 9208: 9203: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9183: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9123: 9118: 9113: 9108: 9103: 9098: 9092: 9090: 9084: 9083: 9081: 9080: 9075: 9070: 9065: 9060: 9055: 9050: 9045: 9040: 9035: 9030: 9024: 9022: 9016: 9015: 9013: 9012: 9007: 9001: 8999: 8993: 8992: 8990: 8989: 8983: 8981: 8975: 8974: 8972: 8971: 8966: 8961: 8956: 8951: 8946: 8941: 8936: 8931: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8911: 8906: 8900: 8898: 8892: 8891: 8889: 8888: 8883: 8878: 8873: 8868: 8863: 8858: 8852: 8850: 8848:Kasai-Oriental 8844: 8843: 8841: 8840: 8835: 8830: 8825: 8820: 8815: 8809: 8807: 8801: 8800: 8798: 8797: 8792: 8787: 8782: 8777: 8772: 8767: 8762: 8757: 8752: 8747: 8742: 8737: 8732: 8727: 8722: 8717: 8712: 8707: 8702: 8697: 8692: 8686: 8684: 8678: 8677: 8675: 8674: 8669: 8664: 8659: 8654: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8634: 8629: 8624: 8619: 8614: 8609: 8604: 8599: 8594: 8589: 8583: 8581: 8572: 8560: 8559: 8557: 8556: 8551: 8541: 8536: 8535: 8534: 8523: 8521: 8517: 8516: 8514: 8513: 8507: 8505: 8501: 8500: 8493: 8492: 8485: 8478: 8470: 8464: 8461: 8460: 8450: 8449: 8432: 8415: 8398: 8396:from Wikibooks 8381: 8364: 8335: 8333: 8332: 8323: 8317: 8299: 8276: 8271: 8265: 8258: 8257:External links 8255: 8254: 8253: 8244: 8239:978-1696306461 8238: 8225: 8208: 8199: 8172: 8158: 8145: 8139: 8126: 8120: 8107: 8090: 8073: 8056: 8050: 8037: 8020: 8014: 7997: 7979:(1): 115–134. 7968: 7945: 7939: 7924: 7921: 7919: 7918: 7890: 7878: 7866: 7854: 7850:New York Times 7842: 7830: 7815: 7794: 7781: 7766: 7751: 7736: 7734:, pp. 418-421. 7724: 7722:, pp. 192-195. 7712: 7710:, pp. 370-378. 7700: 7698:, pp. 286-294. 7688: 7676: 7661: 7636: 7611: 7598: 7567: 7542: 7523: 7503: 7478: 7453: 7434: 7414: 7388: 7358: 7343: 7328: 7299: 7282: 7268: 7245: 7233: 7220: 7172: 7127: 7118: 7106: 7090: 7070: 7044: 7008: 6999: 6963: 6951: 6926: 6901: 6862: 6823:(3): 494–513. 6803: 6789:Nurse, Derek. 6781: 6756: 6742: 6714: 6693: 6686: 6668: 6643: 6618: 6587: 6557: 6531: 6511: 6481: 6449: 6419: 6402: 6383:(3): 335–353. 6365: 6353: 6326: 6300: 6285:. Wikisource. 6274: 6247: 6232: 6205: 6179: 6166:10.2307/220649 6160:(2): 257–290. 6144: 6135: 6115: 6106: 6075: 6040: 6027: 6014: 6001: 5971: 5962: 5953: 5941:This is africa 5927: 5905: 5879: 5853: 5820: 5806: 5776: 5767: 5752: 5734: 5708: 5685: 5683: 5682: 5658: 5652: 5630: 5601: 5589: 5559: 5552: 5528: 5428: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5394: 5393: 5385:Sauti ya Dhiki 5375: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5368: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5336: 5335: 5321: 5305: 5302: 5299: 5298: 5282: 5265: 5264: 5261: 5252: 5249: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5207: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5181: 5176: 5175: 5165:, Kenya, 2012. 5139: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5123: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5081: 5068: 5063: 5058: 5053: 5048: 5047: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5003: 5002: 4995: 4988: 4981: 4970: 4969: 4962: 4955: 4948: 4930: 4929: 4918: 4917: 4910: 4903: 4892: 4891: 4884: 4877: 4870: 4856:trickster hare 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4814: 4813: 4807: 4801: 4795: 4792:Haji Gora Haji 4789: 4783: 4770: 4764: 4758: 4752: 4746: 4740: 4734: 4728: 4720: 4717: 4716: 4715: 4709: 4703: 4700:Kutchi-Swahili 4697: 4691: 4685: 4675: 4672: 4653:Bajuni Islands 4617: 4614: 4602: 4601: 4600: 4599: 4596:Kilwa District 4589: 4586: 4583: 4580: 4570: 4559:Pemba Swahili 4557: 4556: 4555: 4549: 4543: 4540: 4534: 4531: 4517: 4491: 4490: 4489: 4483: 4476: 4467: 4466: 4465: 4449: 4439: 4429: 4426: 1600 CE 4409: 4408: 4402: 4396: 4385:Bajuni Islands 4372: 4360: 4347: 4344: 4331:, is based on 4313: 4310: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4295: 4292:kwenda, kwisha 4283: 4209: 4206: 4205: 4202: 4199: 4196: 4193: 4188: 4184: 4183: 4180: 4177: 4174: 4171: 4166: 4162: 4161: 4160:pa-, pe-, pe- 4158: 4155: 4152: 4146: 4141: 4137: 4136: 4133: 4130: 4127: 4124: 4119: 4115: 4114: 4108:m-, mwi-, mwe- 4106: 4103: 4100: 4097: 4092: 4088: 4087: 4084: 4081: 4078: 4075: 4074:(plural of 11) 4072: 4068: 4067: 4064: 4061: 4058: 4055: 4050: 4046: 4045: 4042: 4039: 4035: 4034: 4031: 4028: 4025: 4022: 4013: 4009: 4008: 4005: 4002: 3999: 3996: 3988: 3984: 3983: 3980: 3977: 3974: 3971: 3961: 3957: 3956: 3955:ma-, me-, me- 3953: 3950: 3947: 3944: 3936: 3932: 3931: 3928: 3925: 3922: 3919: 3909: 3905: 3904: 3901: 3898: 3895: 3892: 3887: 3883: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3873: 3870: 3865: 3861: 3860: 3859:wa-, we-, we- 3857: 3854: 3851: 3848: 3843: 3839: 3838: 3835: 3832: 3829: 3826: 3823: 3818: 3814: 3813: 3811: 3808: 3805: 3802: 3797: 3793: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3784: 3781: 3776: 3772: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3763: 3758: 3754: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3745: 3740: 3736: 3735: 3730: 3725: 3722: 3719: 3714: 3709: 3684:and inanimate 3647: 3646: 3605: 3603: 3596: 3590: 3587: 3585:respectively. 3550: 3549: 3520: 3491: 3414:) and English 3368: 3365: 3364: 3363: 3331: 3328: 3317: 3316: 3315: 3314: 3313: 3267: 3242:'fingernail', 3232: 3218: 3207: 3206: 3205: 3204: 3203: 3200: 3141: 3059: 3058: 3057: 3015: 2985: 2760:instantiations 2754:"shadow" from 2738:"green", from 2706:"branch"; and 2702:"frond", from 2678:"chair" (from 2662: 2659: 2608: 2605: 2600:Main article: 2597: 2594: 2549:are not used, 2492: 2491: 2471: 2469: 2458: 2455: 2408: 2407: 2405: 2403: 2401: 2394: 2392: 2390: 2384: 2383: 2381: 2374: 2367: 2360: 2358: 2356: 2350: 2349: 2342: 2333: 2326: 2319: 2310: 2303: 2297: 2296: 2294: 2285: 2283: 2276: 2267: 2260: 2254: 2253: 2251: 2249: 2247: 2240: 2238: 2231: 2226: 2220: 2219: 2217: 2208: 2199: 2190: 2188: 2179: 2173: 2172: 2170: 2163: 2156: 2149: 2147: 2140: 2134: 2133: 2131: 2118: 2105: 2092: 2090: 2077: 2066: 2065: 2063: 2056: 2049: 2042: 2040: 2033: 2028: 2022: 2021: 2019: 2012: 2005: 1998: 1996: 1989: 1983: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1938: 1935: 1810: 1807: 1783: 1780: 1770: 1767: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1686:Bajuni islands 1669: 1666: 1657: 1654: 1644: 1641: 1621:Main article: 1618: 1615: 1606: 1603: 1582: 1579: 1464: 1461: 1459: 1458:Current status 1456: 1446:took place in 1392:introduced by 1390:Latin alphabet 1381: 1378: 1341: 1340: 1337: 1331: 1330: 1327: 1316: 1315: 1312: 1306: 1305: 1302: 1296: 1295: 1292: 1286: 1285: 1282: 1271: 1270: 1267: 1214: 1211: 1208: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1195: 1193: 1185: 1184: 1177: 1175: 1168: 1166: 1158: 1157: 1150: 1147: 1138: 1135: 1115: 1112: 1098: 1095: 1067:Bantu language 1062: 1061:Classification 1059: 1055:Julius Nyerere 1047:United Nations 859:Swahili people 855:Bantu language 835: 834: 831: 827: 826: 821: 817: 816: 813: 805: 804: 791:, you may see 777: 776: 769: 761: 760: 753: 747: 746: 743: 742: 739: 735: 732: 725: 722: 721: 714: 706: 705: 656: 648: 647: 638: 630: 629: 620: 612: 611: 610:Language codes 607: 606: 604: 603: 593: 583: 572: 570: 564: 563: 560: 559: 546: 533: 520: 507: 493: 492: 490: 485: 482: 481: 479: 478: 466: 454: 438: 437: 436: 434: 433: 420: 407: 394: 377: 376: 375: 373: 370: 367: 366: 362: 361: 359: 358: 353: 343: 332: 330: 326:Writing system 323: 320: 319: 318: 317: 309: 304: 299: 294: 289: 284: 277: 273: 272: 267: 265: 262: 259: 258: 256: 255: 254: 253: 252: 251: 250: 249: 248: 247: 246: 245: 244: 243: 242: 241: 240: 239: 238: 237: 190:Atlantic–Congo 183: 181: 174: 171: 170: 159: 155: 154: 149: 145: 144: 118:Bajuni Islands 79: 78:Native to 75: 74: 56: 52: 51: 37: 36: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12986: 12975: 12972: 12970: 12967: 12965: 12962: 12960: 12957: 12955: 12952: 12950: 12947: 12945: 12942: 12940: 12937: 12935: 12932: 12930: 12927: 12925: 12922: 12920: 12917: 12915: 12912: 12910: 12907: 12905: 12902: 12900: 12897: 12895: 12892: 12890: 12887: 12886: 12884: 12863: 12860: 12858: 12855: 12853: 12850: 12848: 12845: 12843: 12840: 12837: 12836: 12832: 12828: 12827: 12823: 12819: 12816: 12812: 12809: 12808: 12805: 12795: 12791: 12789: 12785: 12784: 12782: 12778: 12772: 12768: 12766: 12762: 12760: 12756: 12754: 12750: 12748: 12744: 12742: 12738: 12737: 12735: 12731: 12725: 12721: 12719: 12715: 12713: 12709: 12707: 12703: 12701: 12697: 12696: 12694: 12690: 12684: 12680: 12678: 12674: 12670: 12668: 12664: 12662: 12658: 12656: 12652: 12650: 12646: 12644: 12640: 12638: 12634: 12632: 12628: 12626: 12625:Central Kongo 12622: 12620: 12616: 12614: 12610: 12608: 12604: 12602: 12598: 12596: 12592: 12590: 12586: 12585: 12583: 12579: 12576: 12572: 12562: 12558: 12556: 12552: 12550: 12546: 12544: 12540: 12538: 12534: 12532: 12528: 12526: 12522: 12520: 12516: 12515: 12513: 12509: 12503: 12499: 12497: 12493: 12492: 12490: 12486: 12480: 12476: 12474: 12470: 12468: 12464: 12462: 12458: 12456: 12452: 12450: 12446: 12444: 12440: 12438: 12434: 12432: 12428: 12426: 12422: 12420: 12416: 12414: 12410: 12408: 12404: 12402: 12398: 12396: 12392: 12391: 12389: 12385: 12379: 12375: 12373: 12369: 12367: 12363: 12361: 12357: 12355: 12351: 12349: 12345: 12343: 12339: 12337: 12333: 12331: 12327: 12325: 12321: 12319: 12315: 12314: 12312: 12308: 12302: 12298: 12296: 12292: 12290: 12286: 12284: 12280: 12278: 12274: 12273: 12271: 12267: 12261: 12257: 12255: 12251: 12250: 12248: 12244: 12241: 12237: 12227: 12223: 12221: 12217: 12215: 12211: 12209: 12205: 12204: 12202: 12198: 12192: 12188: 12186: 12182: 12180: 12176: 12174: 12170: 12168: 12164: 12163: 12161: 12157: 12151: 12147: 12145: 12141: 12140: 12138: 12134: 12131: 12127: 12117: 12113: 12111: 12107: 12105: 12101: 12099: 12095: 12093: 12089: 12087: 12083: 12081: 12077: 12075: 12071: 12069: 12065: 12063: 12059: 12057: 12053: 12051: 12047: 12045: 12041: 12040: 12038: 12034: 12028: 12024: 12022: 12018: 12016: 12012: 12010: 12006: 12004: 12000: 11998: 11994: 11992: 11988: 11987: 11985: 11981: 11975: 11971: 11969: 11965: 11963: 11959: 11957: 11953: 11951: 11947: 11945: 11941: 11939: 11935: 11933: 11929: 11928: 11926: 11922: 11916: 11912: 11910: 11906: 11904: 11900: 11898: 11894: 11892: 11888: 11886: 11882: 11880: 11876: 11874: 11870: 11868: 11864: 11862: 11858: 11856: 11852: 11850: 11846: 11842: 11840: 11836: 11834: 11830: 11828: 11824: 11822: 11818: 11816: 11812: 11810: 11806: 11804: 11800: 11798: 11794: 11793: 11791: 11787: 11781: 11777: 11775: 11771: 11769: 11765: 11763: 11759: 11757: 11753: 11751: 11747: 11745: 11741: 11739: 11735: 11733: 11729: 11727: 11723: 11721: 11717: 11716: 11714: 11710: 11704: 11700: 11698: 11694: 11692: 11688: 11686: 11682: 11680: 11676: 11674: 11670: 11668: 11664: 11662: 11658: 11656: 11652: 11651: 11649: 11645: 11639: 11635: 11633: 11629: 11627: 11626:Talinga-Bwisi 11623: 11621: 11617: 11615: 11611: 11609: 11605: 11603: 11599: 11597: 11593: 11591: 11587: 11585: 11581: 11579: 11575: 11573: 11569: 11568: 11566: 11562: 11559: 11555: 11550: 11546: 11538: 11533: 11531: 11526: 11524: 11519: 11518: 11515: 11499: 11496: 11494: 11491: 11489: 11486: 11484: 11481: 11479: 11476: 11474: 11471: 11469: 11466: 11464: 11461: 11459: 11456: 11454: 11451: 11449: 11446: 11444: 11441: 11439: 11436: 11434: 11431: 11429: 11426: 11425: 11423: 11419: 11413: 11410: 11408: 11405: 11403: 11400: 11399: 11397: 11393: 11387: 11384: 11382: 11379: 11377: 11374: 11372: 11369: 11367: 11364: 11362: 11359: 11357: 11354: 11352: 11349: 11347: 11344: 11342: 11339: 11337: 11334: 11332: 11329: 11327: 11324: 11322: 11319: 11317: 11314: 11312: 11309: 11308: 11306: 11304: 11300: 11294: 11291: 11289: 11286: 11284: 11281: 11279: 11276: 11274: 11271: 11269: 11266: 11264: 11261: 11259: 11256: 11254: 11251: 11249: 11246: 11244: 11241: 11239: 11236: 11234: 11231: 11229: 11226: 11224: 11221: 11219: 11216: 11214: 11211: 11209: 11206: 11204: 11201: 11199: 11196: 11194: 11191: 11190: 11188: 11186: 11182: 11179: 11173: 11167: 11164: 11162: 11159: 11157: 11154: 11153: 11151: 11147: 11143: 11136: 11131: 11129: 11124: 11122: 11117: 11116: 11113: 11097: 11094: 11093: 11091: 11087: 11081: 11078: 11076: 11073: 11071: 11068: 11066: 11063: 11062: 11060: 11056: 11050: 11047: 11045: 11042: 11040: 11037: 11035: 11032: 11030: 11027: 11025: 11022: 11020: 11017: 11015: 11012: 11010: 11007: 11006: 11004: 11002: 10998: 10992: 10989: 10987: 10984: 10982: 10979: 10977: 10974: 10972: 10969: 10967: 10964: 10963: 10961: 10959: 10955: 10945: 10942: 10940: 10937: 10935: 10932: 10930: 10927: 10925: 10922: 10921: 10919: 10915: 10909: 10906: 10904: 10901: 10899: 10896: 10894: 10891: 10889: 10886: 10884: 10881: 10879: 10876: 10874: 10871: 10869: 10866: 10864: 10861: 10859: 10856: 10855: 10853: 10851: 10847: 10841: 10838: 10836: 10833: 10831: 10828: 10826: 10823: 10821: 10818: 10816: 10813: 10811: 10808: 10806: 10803: 10801: 10798: 10796: 10793: 10791: 10788: 10787: 10785: 10783: 10782:Rufiji–Ruvuma 10779: 10773: 10770: 10768: 10765: 10763: 10760: 10759: 10757: 10755: 10751: 10741: 10738: 10736: 10733: 10731: 10728: 10726: 10723: 10721: 10718: 10716: 10713: 10711: 10708: 10707: 10705: 10701: 10695: 10692: 10690: 10687: 10685: 10682: 10680: 10677: 10675: 10672: 10670: 10667: 10665: 10662: 10660: 10657: 10655: 10652: 10650: 10647: 10645: 10642: 10640: 10637: 10635: 10632: 10631: 10629: 10627: 10623: 10617: 10614: 10613: 10611: 10607: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10593: 10591: 10588: 10586: 10583: 10581: 10578: 10576: 10573: 10571: 10568: 10566: 10563: 10561: 10558: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10543: 10541: 10538: 10536: 10533: 10531: 10528: 10526: 10523: 10521: 10518: 10517: 10515: 10513: 10509: 10503: 10500: 10498: 10495: 10493: 10490: 10488: 10485: 10481: 10478: 10477: 10476: 10473: 10472: 10470: 10468: 10464: 10458: 10455: 10453: 10450: 10448: 10445: 10443: 10440: 10438: 10435: 10433: 10430: 10428: 10425: 10423: 10420: 10419: 10417: 10413: 10410: 10408: 10402: 10399: 10397: 10393: 10390: 10384: 10378: 10375: 10373: 10370: 10369: 10367: 10363: 10359: 10352: 10347: 10345: 10340: 10338: 10333: 10332: 10329: 10317: 10314: 10313: 10311: 10307: 10299: 10296: 10294: 10291: 10290: 10289: 10286: 10284: 10281: 10280: 10278: 10274: 10268: 10265: 10263: 10260: 10258: 10255: 10253: 10250: 10248: 10245: 10243: 10240: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10224: 10222: 10218: 10212: 10209: 10208: 10206: 10202: 10195: 10184: 10176: 10173: 10172: 10170: 10166: 10162: 10155: 10150: 10148: 10143: 10141: 10136: 10135: 10132: 10120: 10117: 10116: 10114: 10110: 10104: 10101: 10099: 10096: 10094: 10091: 10090: 10088: 10084: 10078: 10075: 10073: 10070: 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8728: 8726: 8723: 8721: 8718: 8716: 8713: 8711: 8710:Central Banda 8708: 8706: 8703: 8701: 8698: 8696: 8693: 8691: 8688: 8687: 8685: 8683: 8679: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8618: 8615: 8613: 8610: 8608: 8605: 8603: 8600: 8598: 8595: 8593: 8590: 8588: 8585: 8584: 8582: 8580: 8576: 8573: 8570: 8561: 8555: 8552: 8549: 8548:Congo Swahili 8545: 8542: 8540: 8537: 8533: 8530: 8529: 8528: 8525: 8524: 8522: 8518: 8512: 8509: 8508: 8506: 8502: 8498: 8491: 8486: 8484: 8479: 8477: 8472: 8471: 8468: 8462: 8455: 8447:from Wikidata 8446: 8445: 8433: 8429: 8428: 8416: 8412: 8411: 8399: 8395: 8394: 8382: 8378: 8377: 8365: 8361: 8360: 8348: 8347: 8344: 8338: 8331: 8327: 8324: 8321: 8318: 8307: 8306: 8300: 8296: 8292: 8288: 8284: 8283: 8277: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8260: 8250: 8245: 8241: 8235: 8231: 8226: 8222: 8218: 8214: 8209: 8205: 8200: 8193: 8189: 8185: 8178: 8173: 8169: 8165: 8161: 8155: 8151: 8146: 8142: 8136: 8132: 8127: 8123: 8121:9966-22-098-4 8117: 8113: 8108: 8104: 8100: 8096: 8091: 8087: 8083: 8079: 8074: 8070: 8066: 8062: 8057: 8053: 8047: 8043: 8038: 8034: 8030: 8026: 8021: 8017: 8015:0-19-572367-8 8011: 8007: 8003: 7998: 7994: 7990: 7986: 7982: 7978: 7974: 7969: 7962: 7958: 7951: 7946: 7942: 7940:0-582-62701-X 7936: 7932: 7927: 7926: 7907: 7903: 7897: 7895: 7887: 7882: 7875: 7870: 7863: 7858: 7852:26 March 1936 7851: 7846: 7839: 7834: 7826: 7822: 7818: 7812: 7808: 7801: 7799: 7791: 7785: 7778: 7776: 7770: 7763: 7761: 7755: 7748: 7747: 7740: 7733: 7728: 7721: 7716: 7709: 7704: 7697: 7692: 7685: 7680: 7673: 7672: 7665: 7650: 7646: 7640: 7625: 7621: 7615: 7608: 7602: 7586: 7582: 7578: 7571: 7563: 7557: 7556: 7551: 7546: 7530: 7526: 7520: 7516: 7515: 7507: 7499: 7493: 7492: 7487: 7482: 7474: 7468: 7467: 7462: 7457: 7441: 7437: 7435:9780812212075 7431: 7427: 7426: 7418: 7402: 7398: 7392: 7376: 7369: 7362: 7354: 7347: 7339: 7332: 7316: 7312: 7306: 7304: 7295: 7294: 7286: 7271: 7269:9789976911220 7265: 7261: 7260: 7252: 7250: 7240: 7238: 7230: 7224: 7217: 7216:9781403938695 7213: 7209: 7208:9781403917232 7205: 7202: 7198: 7195: 7191: 7190: 7185: 7179: 7177: 7169: 7168:9780199812776 7165: 7161: 7160:9780199812790 7157: 7154: 7150: 7147: 7143: 7142: 7137: 7131: 7122: 7116: 7110: 7104: 7097: 7095: 7087: 7083: 7077: 7075: 7058: 7054: 7048: 7037: 7033: 7029: 7022: 7015: 7013: 7003: 6985: 6978: 6977: 6970: 6968: 6958: 6956: 6940: 6939:glottolog.org 6936: 6930: 6922: 6916: 6915: 6910: 6905: 6891: 6887: 6883: 6879: 6875: 6874: 6866: 6858: 6854: 6850: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6822: 6818: 6814: 6807: 6799: 6792: 6785: 6774: 6767: 6760: 6752: 6746: 6731:. 5 July 2022 6730: 6729: 6724: 6718: 6703: 6697: 6689: 6687:9781799829614 6683: 6679: 6672: 6657: 6653: 6647: 6632: 6628: 6622: 6607:. 5 July 2022 6606: 6605: 6600: 6594: 6592: 6575: 6571: 6567: 6561: 6545: 6541: 6535: 6529: 6525: 6521: 6520:Bodomo, Adams 6515: 6499: 6495: 6491: 6485: 6470: 6469:77.240.23.241 6466: 6460: 6458: 6456: 6454: 6437: 6433: 6429: 6423: 6417: 6416: 6412: 6406: 6398: 6394: 6390: 6386: 6382: 6378: 6377: 6369: 6363: 6357: 6341: 6337: 6330: 6314: 6310: 6304: 6288: 6284: 6278: 6270: 6266: 6263:(2): 102–05. 6262: 6258: 6251: 6243: 6236: 6220: 6217:. glcom.com. 6216: 6209: 6193: 6189: 6183: 6175: 6171: 6167: 6163: 6159: 6155: 6148: 6139: 6132: 6128: 6125: 6119: 6110: 6094: 6090: 6086: 6079: 6060: 6053: 6052: 6044: 6037: 6031: 6024: 6018: 6011: 6005: 5989: 5985: 5981: 5975: 5966: 5957: 5942: 5938: 5931: 5915: 5909: 5893: 5889: 5883: 5867: 5863: 5857: 5841: 5837: 5836: 5831: 5824: 5818: 5813: 5811: 5794: 5790: 5786: 5780: 5771: 5763: 5759: 5755: 5753:0-85255-729-9 5749: 5745: 5738: 5722: 5718: 5712: 5704: 5700: 5694: 5692: 5690: 5680: 5667: 5663: 5659: 5656: 5653: 5650: 5646: 5645: 5643: 5637: 5635: 5619: 5612: 5605: 5599: 5593: 5577: 5573: 5569: 5563: 5555: 5553:9781512821666 5549: 5545: 5541: 5540: 5532: 5524: 5518: 5517: 5512: 5506: 5500: 5499: 5494: 5488: 5482: 5481: 5476: 5470: 5464: 5463: 5458: 5457:Congo Swahili 5452: 5446: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5433: 5425: 5419: 5413: 5407: 5403: 5390: 5386: 5380: 5376: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5337: 5333: 5327: 5322: 5319: 5318:Africa portal 5308: 5297: 5294: 5290: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5274: 5270: 5267: 5266: 5262: 5259: 5258: 5247: 5244: 5240: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5221: 5216: 5211: 5205: 5202: 5198: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5172: 5164: 5160: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5146: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5121: 5118: 5114: 5110: 5105: 5100: 5095: 5090: 5085: 5079: 5076: 5072: 5071: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5045: 5042: 5038: 5034: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5009: 5008: 5000: 4996: 4993: 4989: 4986: 4982: 4979: 4975: 4974: 4973: 4967: 4963: 4960: 4956: 4953: 4949: 4946: 4942: 4941: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4927: 4923: 4922: 4921: 4915: 4911: 4908: 4904: 4901: 4897: 4896: 4895: 4889: 4885: 4882: 4878: 4875: 4871: 4868: 4864: 4863: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4853: 4849: 4845: 4844:Mwalimu Goso, 4841: 4837: 4833: 4829: 4828:Edward Steere 4811: 4808: 4805: 4802: 4799: 4798:Alamin Mazrui 4796: 4793: 4790: 4787: 4784: 4774: 4771: 4768: 4765: 4762: 4759: 4756: 4753: 4750: 4749:Tumi Molekane 4747: 4744: 4741: 4738: 4735: 4732: 4729: 4726: 4723: 4722: 4719:Swahili poets 4713: 4710: 4707: 4704: 4701: 4698: 4695: 4692: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4680: 4679: 4671: 4669: 4665: 4660: 4658: 4654: 4650: 4646: 4642: 4639:coast by the 4638: 4634: 4630: 4627: 4623: 4616:Other regions 4613: 4611: 4607: 4597: 4593: 4590: 4587: 4585:Mafia, Mbwera 4584: 4581: 4578: 4574: 4571: 4568: 4564: 4561: 4560: 4558: 4553: 4550: 4547: 4544: 4541: 4538: 4535: 4532: 4529: 4525: 4524:Zanzibar City 4522:is spoken in 4521: 4518: 4515: 4511: 4507: 4506:Dar es Salaam 4503: 4499: 4495: 4492: 4487: 4484: 4480: 4477: 4474: 4471: 4470: 4468: 4462: 4458: 4453: 4450: 4447: 4443: 4440: 4437: 4433: 4430: 4420: 4419: 4417: 4416: 4414: 4413: 4412: 4406: 4403: 4400: 4397: 4394: 4390: 4386: 4382: 4378: 4377: 4373: 4370: 4366: 4365: 4361: 4358: 4357: 4353: 4352: 4351: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4329:Swahili Ajami 4325: 4323: 4322:Zanzibar City 4319: 4309: 4307: 4293: 4287: 4280: 4276: 4272: 4268: 4264: 4260: 4259:ch-, vy-, my- 4256: 4255:ki-, vi-, mi- 4252: 4248: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4214: 4210: 4203: 4200: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4186: 4185: 4181: 4178: 4172: 4170: 4167: 4164: 4163: 4159: 4156: 4151: 4147: 4145: 4142: 4139: 4138: 4134: 4131: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4117: 4116: 4113:u-, wi-, we- 4112: 4107: 4104: 4098: 4096: 4093: 4090: 4089: 4085: 4082: 4076: 4073: 4070: 4069: 4065: 4062: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4048: 4047: 4043: 4037: 4036: 4029: 4021: 4017: 4011: 4010: 4006: 4003: 3997: 3992: 3989: 3986: 3985: 3981: 3978: 3972: 3969: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3958: 3954: 3951: 3945: 3940: 3937: 3934: 3933: 3929: 3926: 3920: 3917: 3913: 3910: 3907: 3906: 3902: 3899: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3885: 3884: 3880: 3877: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3863: 3862: 3858: 3855: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3841: 3840: 3836: 3833: 3830: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3819: 3816: 3815: 3812: 3809: 3806: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3795: 3794: 3791: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3774: 3773: 3770: 3764: 3762: 3759: 3756: 3755: 3752: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3738: 3737: 3731: 3729: 3726: 3723: 3720: 3715: 3710: 3707: 3706: 3700: 3698: 3694: 3689: 3687: 3683: 3679: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3659: 3654: 3643: 3640: 3632: 3622: 3618: 3612: 3611: 3606:This section 3604: 3600: 3595: 3594: 3586: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3569:, and became 3568: 3564: 3555: 3547: 3543: 3539: 3530: 3521: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3501: 3492: 3489: 3485: 3483: 3478: 3474: 3472: 3467: 3463: 3454: 3445: 3441: 3440: 3439: 3435: 3433: 3429: 3425: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3404: 3396:, but Arabic 3395: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3361: 3360:mahali muzuri 3357: 3356:mahali kuzuri 3353: 3352:mahali pazuri 3348: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3329: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3311: 3307: 3304:'a feather', 3303: 3299: 3295: 3294: 3292: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3231:'cooked rice' 3230: 3226: 3222: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3201: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3186: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3171:'a quarrel', 3170: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3098: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3076: 3072: 3068: 3064: 3061:Collectives: 3060: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3034: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3013: 3010:'craftsman', 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2988: 2986: 2983: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2970: 2969: 2966: 2964: 2960: 2956: 2953:'border' and 2952: 2948: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2869:'forest' and 2868: 2864: 2860: 2855: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2844:spotted hyena 2841: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2822:"a cripple", 2821: 2817: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2750:"clump", and 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2720:approximation 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2668: 2658: 2656: 2651: 2643:'children'), 2641: 2631: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2607:Noun classes 2603: 2593: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2562: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2509: 2504: 2499: 2498:Swahili Ajami 2488: 2479: 2475: 2472:This section 2470: 2467: 2463: 2462: 2454: 2447:/dˤ,sˤ,tˤ,ðˤ/ 2441: 2433: 2423: 2413: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2399: 2395: 2393: 2391: 2389: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2375: 2372: 2368: 2365: 2361: 2359: 2357: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2339: 2334: 2331: 2327: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2311: 2308: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2298: 2295: 2291: 2286: 2284: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2268: 2265: 2261: 2259: 2256: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2248: 2245: 2241: 2239: 2236: 2232: 2230: 2227: 2225: 2221: 2218: 2214: 2209: 2205: 2200: 2196: 2191: 2189: 2185: 2180: 2178: 2175: 2174: 2171: 2168: 2164: 2161: 2157: 2154: 2150: 2148: 2145: 2141: 2139: 2136: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2123: 2119: 2116: 2110: 2106: 2103: 2097: 2093: 2091: 2088: 2082: 2078: 2076: 2071: 2068: 2067: 2064: 2061: 2057: 2054: 2050: 2047: 2043: 2041: 2038: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2023: 2020: 2017: 2013: 2010: 2006: 2003: 1999: 1997: 1994: 1990: 1988: 1984: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1966: 1963: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1948: 1945: 1934: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1905: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1884: 1876: 1872: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1816: 1789: 1779: 1776: 1766: 1763: 1758: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1725: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1665: 1663: 1653: 1650: 1640: 1638: 1637:Congo Swahili 1635:are known as 1634: 1630: 1624: 1623:Congo Swahili 1614: 1612: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1574: 1570: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1531: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1468: 1455: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1424: 1419: 1415: 1414:Bantu peoples 1406: 1405:Lord's Prayer 1402: 1398: 1395: 1391: 1386: 1377: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1362: 1360: 1359:Arabic script 1356: 1352: 1347: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1332: 1328: 1325: 1321: 1318: 1317: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1307: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1297: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1287: 1283: 1280: 1276: 1273: 1272: 1268: 1265: 1264: 1258: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1199:broken plural 1196: 1194: 1191: 1187: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1176: 1173: 1169: 1167: 1164: 1160: 1159: 1151: 1148: 1144: 1139: 1136: 1132: 1127: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1108: 1103: 1094: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1071:Sabaki branch 1068: 1065:Swahili is a 1058: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 986: 985:African Union 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 962: 958: 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 934: 929: 927: 926:lingua franca 923: 919: 914: 904: 900: 896: 892: 888: 883: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 856: 852: 850: 845: 841: 832: 828: 825: 822: 818: 814: 810: 802: 798: 794: 790: 786: 784: 778: 773: 772:Swahili coast 767: 762: 758: 754: 752: 748: 740: 737: 736: 733: 729: 723: 719: 715: 713: 712: 707: 703: 700: – 698: 692: 689: – 687: 680: 675: 674:Congo Swahili 672: – 670: 661: 657: 654: 649: 644: 639: 636: 631: 626: 621: 618: 613: 608: 599: 594: 589: 584: 579: 574: 573: 571: 569: 565: 558: 547: 545: 534: 532: 521: 519: 508: 506: 495: 494: 491: 483: 477: 467: 465: 455: 453: 452:African Union 443: 442: 439:Organisations 432: 421: 419: 408: 406: 395: 393: 382: 381: 374: 368: 363: 357: 354: 351: 347: 346:Arabic script 344: 341: 337: 334: 333: 331: 327: 321: 313: 310: 308: 305: 303: 300: 298: 295: 293: 292:Congo Swahili 290: 288: 285: 283: 280: 279: 278: 274: 270: 269:Proto-Swahili 266: 260: 236: 233: 232: 231: 228: 227: 226: 223: 222: 221: 218: 217: 216: 213: 212: 211: 208: 207: 206: 203: 202: 201: 198: 197: 196: 193: 192: 191: 188: 187: 186: 182: 178: 172: 168: 163: 160: 156: 153: 150: 146: 143: 139: 135: 131: 127: 123: 119: 115: 111: 107: 103: 99: 95: 91: 87: 83: 80: 76: 70: 64: 57: 55:Pronunciation 53: 43: 38: 33: 30: 19: 12810: 12436: 12430: 12424: 12418: 12412: 12406: 12400: 11849:Suba-Simbiti 11381:Southern Luo 11303:Nilo-Saharan 11160: 10878:Mambwe-Lungu 10609:Kikuyu–Kamba 10580:Suba-Simbiti 10371: 10288:Omani Arabic 10266: 10046: 9665:Nilo-Saharan 9454: 8939:Luba-Katanga 8543: 8442: 8430:of Knowledge 8425: 8408: 8391: 8379:from Commons 8374: 8357: 8336: 8309:. Retrieved 8304: 8281: 8248: 8229: 8212: 8203: 8192:the original 8187: 8183: 8149: 8130: 8111: 8094: 8077: 8060: 8041: 8033:the original 8028: 8005: 7976: 7972: 7961:the original 7956: 7930: 7909:. Retrieved 7905: 7881: 7869: 7857: 7845: 7833: 7806: 7789: 7784: 7779:. pp. 35-36. 7774: 7769: 7764:. pp. 34-35. 7759: 7754: 7744: 7739: 7727: 7715: 7703: 7691: 7679: 7669: 7664: 7652:. Retrieved 7648: 7639: 7627:. Retrieved 7623: 7614: 7606: 7601: 7589:. Retrieved 7580: 7570: 7553: 7545: 7535:15 September 7533:. Retrieved 7513: 7506: 7489: 7481: 7464: 7456: 7444:. Retrieved 7424: 7417: 7405:. Retrieved 7400: 7391: 7379:. Retrieved 7374: 7361: 7352: 7346: 7337: 7331: 7319:. Retrieved 7314: 7292: 7285: 7273:. Retrieved 7258: 7228: 7223: 7187: 7139: 7130: 7121: 7114: 7109: 7061:. Retrieved 7047: 7036:the original 7031: 7027: 7002: 6993:12 September 6991:, retrieved 6975: 6942:. Retrieved 6938: 6929: 6912: 6904: 6893:, retrieved 6872: 6865: 6820: 6816: 6806: 6797: 6784: 6773:the original 6759: 6745: 6733:. Retrieved 6726: 6717: 6705:. Retrieved 6696: 6677: 6671: 6659:. Retrieved 6655: 6646: 6634:. Retrieved 6630: 6621: 6609:. Retrieved 6602: 6578:. Retrieved 6569: 6560: 6548:. Retrieved 6534: 6514: 6502:. Retrieved 6493: 6484: 6472:. Retrieved 6468: 6440:. Retrieved 6431: 6422: 6413: 6410: 6405: 6380: 6374: 6368: 6361: 6356: 6344:. Retrieved 6329: 6319:30 September 6317:. Retrieved 6303: 6291:. Retrieved 6277: 6260: 6256: 6250: 6241: 6235: 6225:30 September 6223:. Retrieved 6208: 6198:30 September 6196:. Retrieved 6182: 6157: 6153: 6147: 6138: 6118: 6109: 6099:30 September 6097:. Retrieved 6088: 6078: 6068:12 September 6066:. Retrieved 6050: 6043: 6035: 6030: 6022: 6017: 6009: 6004: 5992:. Retrieved 5983: 5974: 5965: 5956: 5944:. Retrieved 5940: 5930: 5918:. Retrieved 5908: 5896:. Retrieved 5882: 5870:. Retrieved 5856: 5844:. Retrieved 5833: 5823: 5797:. Retrieved 5779: 5770: 5743: 5737: 5725:. Retrieved 5711: 5702: 5677: 5670:. Retrieved 5648: 5641: 5621:. Retrieved 5617: 5604: 5592: 5580:. Retrieved 5571: 5562: 5538: 5531: 5514: 5496: 5478: 5460: 5442: 5423: 5417: 5411: 5406: 5384: 5379: 5295: 5291: 5287: 5284: 5279: 5275: 5271: 5268: 5245: 5242: 5239: 5220:wakisongana, 5203: 5200: 5197: 5170: 5168: 5156: 5147: 5144: 5119: 5116: 5113: 5077: 5074: 5069: 5043: 5040: 5037: 5006: 5004: 4998: 4991: 4984: 4977: 4971: 4965: 4958: 4951: 4944: 4938: 4931: 4925: 4919: 4913: 4906: 4899: 4893: 4887: 4880: 4873: 4866: 4860: 4851: 4843: 4835: 4825: 4773:Mwana Kupona 4755:Fadhy Mtanga 4677: 4661: 4624:, where the 4619: 4603: 4591: 4577:Kimakunduchi 4576: 4572: 4567:Pemba Island 4562: 4554:(Madagascar) 4545: 4536: 4519: 4514:Mafia Island 4493: 4485: 4478: 4472: 4451: 4441: 4431: 4410: 4392: 4388: 4374: 4362: 4354: 4349: 4346:Old dialects 4341: 4332: 4326: 4317: 4315: 4305: 4303: 4291: 4286: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4213: 4190: 4168: 4149: 4143: 4121: 4110: 4094: 4053:'extension' 4052: 4019: 4015: 3990: 3963: 3938: 3911: 3889: 3867: 3845: 3820: 3799: 3778: 3760: 3742: 3727: 3696: 3692: 3690: 3685: 3681: 3677: 3676:and reduced 3673: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3650: 3635: 3629:January 2016 3626: 3615:Please help 3610:verification 3607: 3582: 3578: 3577:with plural 3574: 3570: 3566: 3562: 3553: 3551: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3528: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3500:muʿallim(un) 3499: 3490:(class 7/8). 3487: 3481: 3480: 3476: 3470: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3452: 3443: 3436: 3427: 3426:" fish) and 3419: 3415: 3411: 3402: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3370: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3324: 3320: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3298:singulatives 3290: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3228: 3227:'porridge', 3224: 3214: 3210: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3159:'meaning'); 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140:'wing', etc. 3137: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3053: 3049: 3048:'charcoal', 3045: 3041: 3037: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2967: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2926: 2922: 2918: 2917:'umbrella', 2914: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2885:'mountain', 2882: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2856: 2852:hippopotamus 2847: 2839: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2782:"food" from 2779: 2778:"to brood"; 2775: 2774:"nest" from 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2746:"bush" from 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2666: 2664: 2610: 2566:Ajami script 2563: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2517: 2514:early 1900s) 2482: 2478:adding to it 2473: 2421: 2414: 2411: 2229:prenasalized 2031:prenasalized 1965:Postalveolar 1922: 1894: 1890: 1882: 1874: 1870: 1851:Edgar Polomé 1812: 1772: 1759: 1739:Christianity 1736: 1718:Jubba Valley 1714:Somali Bantu 1671: 1659: 1646: 1626: 1610: 1608: 1598: 1595: 1587: 1584: 1532: 1469: 1466: 1410: 1397:missionaries 1363: 1346:Omani Arabic 1344: 1279:Omani Arabic 1216: 1206:"of coasts" 1117: 1091:East African 1078: 1064: 1025: 1005:South Africa 996: 930: 918:Arab traders 884: 875:East African 846: 839: 838: 780: 751:Linguasphere 728:Guthrie code 709: 336:Latin script 268: 234: 124:), southern 29: 12619:South Kongo 11402:Runyakitara 11263:Nyoro-Tooro 11218:Kinyarwanda 10917:Other Bantu 10512:Great Lakes 10194:Oman portal 9359:Kinyarwanda 9043:Kinyarwanda 8790:South Banda 8359:Definitions 8330:N'Ko script 8311:21 December 8295:archive.org 7911:21 December 7886:Steere 1870 7749:. Zanzibar. 7732:Steere 1870 7720:Steere 1870 7708:Steere 1870 7696:Steere 1870 7686:, pp. 2-10. 7684:Steere 1870 7654:21 December 7629:21 December 7591:15 November 7407:11 November 7381:11 November 7321:11 November 7275:11 November 7063:25 December 6728:The Monitor 6707:4 September 6631:chakita.org 6376:Ethnicities 6362:The Swahili 6293:15 November 6283:"Baba yetu" 5898:21 February 5872:21 February 5835:The Sowetan 5582:21 February 5251:Sample text 4780: 1865 4725:Dada Masiti 4712:Sheng slang 4626:Afroasiatic 4537:Chichifundi 4446:Pate Island 4122:infinitives 4095:abstraction 3734:-C, -i, -e 3556:and Arabic 3509:muʿallimīna 3195:'promise', 3179:'mistake', 3155:'thought', 3077:' stairs', 3056:'abundance' 3029:'country', 2724:resemblance 2457:Orthography 2354:Approximant 1899:Long vowels 1747:East Africa 1555:text corpus 1474:countries ( 1269:Percentage 1154:سَوَاحِلِيّ 1021:South Sudan 987:and of the 975:region and 961:South Sudan 873:(along the 795:instead of 378:4 countries 200:Benue–Congo 195:Volta-Congo 185:Niger–Congo 12883:Categories 12655:East Kongo 12378:Mushungulu 11478:Portuguese 11346:Karamojong 11248:Nkore-Kiga 11175:Indigenous 10934:Mbamba Bay 10815:Ndengereko 10415:Bena–Kinga 10386:Indigenous 9906:Portuguese 9788:Portuguese 9582:West Nyala 9464:Indigenous 8904:Bangubangu 8612:Lia-Ntomba 8563:Indigenous 8410:Phrasebook 8159:0520097750 7555:Ethnologue 7491:Ethnologue 7466:Ethnologue 6982:(Report), 6944:25 January 6914:Ethnologue 6909:Mushungulu 6895:19 January 6580:13 October 6550:13 October 6504:23 October 6474:23 October 6442:23 October 6415:Ethnologue 5984:unesco.org 5774:Prins 1961 5727:30 January 5672:4 November 5516:Ethnologue 5498:Ethnologue 5480:Ethnologue 5462:Ethnologue 5444:Ethnologue 5399:References 5355:GLOCALangs 5285:Article 26 5178:Wapiganapo 4830:published 4582:Makunduchi 4273:"gentle", 4099:u-, w-/uw- 4057:u-, w-/uw- 3277:'stripe', 3246:'side' (≈ 3191:'answer', 3183:'affair', 3167:'to hit'; 3112:'flower', 3108:'branch', 3052:'wealth', 3025:'valley', 3017:Expanses: 2836:rhinoceros 2786:"to eat"; 2770:"to die"; 2633:'child'), 2496:See also: 1937:Consonants 1710:Mushunguli 1508:Mozambique 1436:Tanganyika 1310:Hindustani 1300:Portuguese 1251:Portuguese 1247:Hindustani 1197:"coasts" ( 1089:along the 895:Portuguese 871:Mozambique 844:local name 582:(Tanzania) 544:Mozambique 263:Early form 138:Madagascar 90:Mozambique 48:كِسوَحِيلِ 12822:varieties 12813:indicate 11177:languages 11014:Kisankasa 10810:Ndendeule 10754:Kilombero 10405:Northeast 10388:languages 9610:Daasanach 9547:Mijikenda 9466:languages 9286:Nyanga-li 9088:Orientale 9020:Nord-Kivu 8876:Salampasu 8565:languages 8393:Textbooks 7993:144457326 7825:800802371 7375:brill.com 6890:240478166 6857:149655820 6849:1753-1055 6397:145808915 6309:"Swahili" 5846:9 October 5762:441402890 5679:speakers. 5511:Mwani (?) 5493:Makwe (?) 4826:In 1870, 4633:Chimwiini 4573:Kitumbatu 4401:(extinct) 4364:Chimwiini 4318:Kiunguja, 4020:loanwords 3921:ji-/Ø, j- 3732:Adjective 3589:Agreement 3515:, plural 3453:kitāb(un) 3424:mahi-mahi 3384:, plural 3367:Borrowing 3341:'place', 3312:'a bead'. 3293:'a hair' 3289:'crack', 3199:'payment' 3128:'tooth', 3124:'twins', 3104:'stone', 3089:'weeds', 3065:'group', 3054:maridhawa 3040:'water', 2980:'beast', 2921:'smoke', 2897:'heart', 2863:mti, miti 2698:"child"; 2674:"knife", 2485:July 2024 2424:etc. The 2301:voiceless 2224:Fricative 2177:aspirated 2138:voiceless 2070:implosive 1782:Phonology 1762:Europeans 1698:Chimwiini 1596:Baraza la 1394:Christian 1339:0.2–0.4% 1329:0.4–3.4% 1314:0.7–3.9% 1304:0.9–1.0% 1114:Etymology 1049:declared 908:سَوَاحِلي 887:loanwords 849:Kiswahili 833:Kiswahili 824:Waswahili 711:Glottolog 653:ISO 639-3 635:ISO 639-2 617:ISO 639-1 282:Bravanese 148:Ethnicity 120:(part of 42:Kiswahili 12794:Hunganna 12759:Mbangala 12700:Kimbundu 12289:Shambala 12173:Nyamwezi 11833:Nguruimi 11584:Nyankore 11483:Japanese 10958:Cushitic 10888:Nyakyusa 10730:Nyamwezi 10710:Holoholo 10684:Shambala 10002:Nathembo 9937:Chitonga 9932:Chichopi 9793:Japanese 9673:Kipsigis 9635:Rendille 9592:Cushitic 9331:Sud-Kivu 9246:Mangbutu 9241:Mangbetu 8979:Kinshasa 8780:Pagibete 8682:Équateur 8579:Bandundu 8569:province 8554:Tshiluba 8291:Archived 8221:79981848 8168:93004560 8103:60032150 8086:11680805 8069:93243012 8004:(1977). 7888:, p. 193 7585:Archived 7529:Archived 7440:Archived 7197:Archived 7186:(2003), 7149:Archived 7138:(2020), 7057:Archived 6984:archived 6574:Archived 6544:Archived 6498:Archived 6465:"Salama" 6436:Archived 6340:Archived 6313:Archived 6287:Archived 6219:Archived 6192:Archived 6127:Archived 6093:Archived 6059:Archived 5994:9 August 5988:Archived 5892:Archived 5866:Archived 5840:Archived 5793:Archived 5721:Archived 5703:BBC News 5666:Archived 5576:Archived 5304:See also 5263:English 5260:Swahili 5225:ziumiazo 4659:region. 4645:Kibajuni 4606:Comorian 4552:Nosse Be 4520:Kiunguja 4482:century. 4473:Chijomvu 4469:Mombasa 4376:Kibajuni 4312:Dialects 4126:ku-, kw- 3998:vi-, vy- 3973:ki-, ch- 3711:Semantic 3697:m-, wa-, 3542:madarasa 3273:'wick', 3250:'rib'), 3238:'wall', 3213:'bird', 3187:'love', 3073:'army', 3021:'lake', 3006:'aunt', 3004:shangazi 2963:mshahara 2881:'moon', 2840:kingugwa 2802:", from 2800:Pleiades 2621:prefixes 2520:digraphs 2420:written 1960:Alveolar 1927:phonemic 1815:phonemes 1769:Politics 1755:madrasas 1733:Religion 1690:Kibajuni 1678:Dialects 1594:, while 1581:Tanzania 1492:Tanzania 1463:Overview 1444:Zanzibar 1401:Catholic 1370:Tanzania 1335:Malagasy 1322:(mainly 1277:(mainly 1181:sawāḥilī 1149:→ 1143:سَوَاحِل 1137:→ 1043:Shimaore 1031:Comorian 1027:Shikomor 1017:Ethiopia 1009:Botswana 965:Tanzania 933:Tanzania 920:and the 913:sawāḥilī 879:littoral 863:Tanzania 830:Language 815:Mswahili 801:Help:IPA 757:99-AUS-m 738:G.42–43; 718:swah1254 602:(Uganda) 531:DR Congo 392:Tanzania 276:Dialects 158:Speakers 82:Tanzania 59:Swahili: 12811:Italics 12667:Hangala 12443:Ngazija 12431:Tumbatu 12360:Vidunda 12208:Nilamba 12050:Gyriama 11897:Simbiti 11831:[JE401 11797:Logooli 11774:Marachi 11766:[JE341 11683:[JE221 11667:Dzindza 11618:[JE101 11543:Narrow 11488:Russian 11473:Chinese 11453:Italian 11443:Spanish 11438:Punjabi 11428:English 11366:Nyang'i 11361:Lugbara 11288:Talinga 11233:Marachi 11223:Luganda 11161:Swahili 11156:English 11070:Sandawe 11009:Datooga 11001:Nilotic 10991:Kwʼadza 10976:Burunge 10929:Makhuwa 10795:Matumbi 10790:Matengo 10689:Vidunda 10570:Ngoreme 10525:Hangaza 10377:English 10372:Swahili 10293:Dhofari 10267:Swahili 10247:Kumzari 10237:Ḥarsusi 10232:Baṭḥari 10227:Balochi 10211:English 10098:Punjabi 10093:English 10047:Swahili 10022:Nyungwe 9997:Manyika 9987:Makonde 9982:Makhuwa 9957:Kimwani 9952:Gitonga 9942:Chuwabu 9803:Russian 9783:Chinese 9763:Italian 9753:Spanish 9748:Punjabi 9738:English 9718:Turkana 9708:Samburu 9620:El Molo 9542:Marachi 9455:Swahili 9450:English 9364:Kirundi 9354:Kabwari 9344:Fuliiru 9291:Nzakara 9276:Ngelima 9231:Lugbara 9121:Barambu 9111:Bangala 9106:Avokaya 9063:Talinga 9048:Kirundi 8997:Maniema 8896:Katanga 8861:Dengese 8818:Bushong 8795:Yangere 8770:Ngbundu 8765:Ngbinda 8760:Ngbandi 8730:Mbandja 8720:Losengo 8642:Sengele 8602:Hungana 8544:Swahili 8539:Lingala 7923:Sources 7581:Reuters 7446:15 June 7403:. varia 7377:. Brill 7317:. varia 7086:Archive 7055:. BBC. 6735:13 July 6661:21 June 6636:21 June 6611:13 July 5946:8 April 5920:8 April 5799:20 July 5623:21 June 5439:Swahili 5289:merit. 5193:huumia. 5141:mtumwa. 5084:Mgaagaa 5065:faraja. 4850:; and " 4657:Kismayo 4637:Benadir 4622:Somalia 4563:Kipemba 4546:Kivumba 4498:Pangani 4494:Kimrima 4486:Kingare 4479:Kimvita 4452:Kingozi 4393:Kigunya 4389:Kitikuu 4356:Kimwani 4281:"male". 4261:before 4257:become 4245:before 4233:before 3939:groups, 3872:m-, mw- 3850:wa-, w- 3825:m-, mw- 3804:(ninyi) 3783:(wewe) 3693:a-, wa- 3686:ya, za. 3670:i-, zi- 3666:m-, wa- 3662:a-, wa- 3653:concord 3583:nyakati 3538:madāris 3529:madrasa 3522:Arabic 3513:mwalimu 3493:Arabic 3343:mwahali 3310:ushanga 3291:unywele 3285:'rib', 3281:'bow', 3254:'net', 3234:broad: 3136:'eye', 3122:mapacha 3120:'egg', 3095:marimba 3087:manyasi 3079:manyoya 3014:'judge' 3002:'Sir', 2923:msumari 2915:mwavuli 2846:", and 2808:ki-/vi- 2796:kilimia 2780:chakula 2744:kichaka 2712:ki-umba 2688:ki-ombo 2667:ki-/vi- 2617:genders 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10679:Sagara 10669:Luguru 10649:Kagulu 10595:Zanaki 10585:Sumbwa 10575:Nyambo 10555:Kerewe 10457:Vwanji 10447:Pangwa 10298:Shihhi 10262:Shehri 10252:Luwati 10242:Hobyót 10175:Arabic 10067:Tsonga 10057:Tawara 10027:Phimbi 10017:Nsenga 9977:Maindo 9808:Danish 9798:Romani 9778:Arabic 9773:Hebrew 9758:German 9743:French 9703:Pökoot 9698:Omotik 9688:Naandi 9683:Maasai 9640:Somali 9615:Dahalo 9562:Pokomo 9532:Logoli 9522:Kikuyu 9507:Ilwana 9482:Bajuni 9301:Pambia 9251:Mayogo 9206:Likile 9166:Kaliko 9116:Bangba 9073:Vanuma 9058:Nyanga 8929:Kaonde 8919:Chokwe 8886:Tetela 8823:Chokwe 8775:Ngombe 8750:Ndunga 8647:Shinji 8637:Sakata 8622:Mpuono 8592:Chokwe 8532:Kituba 8511:French 8326:Nasema 8236: 8219: 8166: 8156: 8137: 8118: 8101: 8084: 8067: 8048: 8012: 7991: 7937: 7823: 7813: 7521: 7432: 7266: 7214: 7206: 7166: 7158: 6888: 6855: 6847: 6684: 6526: 6395: 6346:2 June 6174:220649 6172: 5760: 5750: 5550: 5235:nyika. 5215:wawili 5126:Mwacha 5109:mkavu. 5033:asali. 4649:Bajuni 4610:Sabaki 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In 949:Kenya 922:Bantu 867:Kenya 702:Mwani 691:Makwe 418:Kenya 302:Mwani 297:Makwe 215:Bantu 128:(see 86:Kenya 12829:The 12792:H42 12786:H41 12763:H35 12757:H34 12747:Suku 12745:H32 12741:Yaka 12739:H31 12722:H24 12718:Bolo 12716:H23 12712:Sama 12710:H22 12611:H15 12605:H14 12599:H13 12595:Vili 12593:H12 12587:H11 12555:Kisi 12553:G67 12547:G66 12541:G65 12535:G64 12531:Bena 12529:G63 12525:Hehe 12523:G62 12517:G61 12500:G52 12494:G51 12467:Sidi 12393:G41 12364:G39 12358:G38 12354:Kutu 12352:G37 12348:Kami 12346:G36 12340:G35 12334:G34 12328:G33 12322:G32 12316:G31 12293:G24 12287:G23 12281:G22 12275:G21 12258:G12 12254:Gogo 12252:G11 12224:F34 12218:F33 12214:Remi 12212:F32 12206:F31 12189:F25 12183:F24 12177:F23 12171:F22 12165:F21 12148:F12 12142:F11 12114:E74 12080:Digo 12078:E73 12042:E71 12025:E65 12021:Kahe 12019:E64 12015:Rusa 12013:E63 11989:E61 11974:Cuka 11960:E56 11954:E55 11948:E54 11944:Meru 11942:E53 11938:Embu 11936:E52 11930:E51 11873:Ware 11845:Suba 11825:E46 11821:Nata 11819:E45 11813:E44 11807:E43 11801:E42 11795:E41 11760:E35 11754:E34 11748:E33 11726:Kisu 11720:Gisu 11703:Ruri 11697:Kara 11679:Jita 11677:E25 11671:E24 11665:E23 11661:Ziba 11659:E22 11653:E21 11638:Hema 11632:Ruli 11612:E18 11606:E17 11602:Soga 11600:E16 11594:E15 11590:Ciga 11588:E14 11582:E13 11576:E12 11570:E11 11407:Nubi 11386:Teso 11351:Kuku 11331:Bari 11321:Alur 11283:Soga 11213:Kiga 11193:Amba 10863:Fipa 10740:Turu 10659:Kutu 10654:Kami 10644:Gogo 10634:Digo 10550:Kara 10540:Jita 10497:Rusa 10437:Kisi 10427:Hehe 10422:Bena 10072:Tswa 10062:Tewe 10037:Sena 10007:Ndau 9962:Koti 9947:Dema 9625:Orma 9572:Suba 9552:Meru 9492:Embu 9487:Digo 9349:Havu 9339:Buyu 9311:Soko 9306:Poke 9221:Logo 9216:Loki 9201:Lika 9196:Lese 9186:Kele 9181:Kari 9161:Hema 9156:Guru 9136:Budu 9131:Bila 9101:Asoa 9096:Alur 9078:Yaka 9033:Havu 9028:Amba 8969:Yazi 8964:Zela 8866:Luna 8828:Lele 8740:Mono 8715:Furu 8690:Bala 8667:Yaka 8657:Suku 8597:Ding 8587:Boma 8567:(by 8444:Data 8313:2021 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