4125:
5044:
167:
387:
1524:
5056:
1786:
problematic for producing energy, agricultural practices, and other human use. Finally, the glacial melting puts the economy at risk because there will be less incoming financial revenue from the tourism and recreation services that these glaciers and ecosystems typically provide. All of these impacts will disrupt the nearby communities and require that updated infrastructure and safety measures be put into place to prevent mass destruction.
1689:
1907:
2413:
791:
2429:
1955:
3145:
1681:
1503:
and thermal changes in boreholes, the bottom temperature of the snow cover, ground surface temperature, and the development of snow cover. The network additionally takes air photos periodically from selected areas. These monitoring strategies continue to develop as new research and data are recorded over time. The glaciers in the Swiss Alps have lost around half their volume during the last 90–120 years.
1795:
31:
2390:
temperatures will result in a shorter skiing season, and these climate changes are limiting the amount of snow coverage produced. All of these climate and geographical factors are leading to a smaller number of visitors and reduced revenues which can have an intense economic impact on winter tourism. In response to these changes, Switzerland has turned to the production of
5032:
1008:
1143:
production, and future problems they might encounter with these new developments. Switzerland is one of many countries that need to begin to think about the future of energy production in response to climate change. Switzerland is paving the way for a new wave of innovation and creative problem solving that the rest of the world will eventually need to follow.
1093:
1502:
PERMOS (The Swiss
Permafrost Monitoring Network) is an operational monitoring service, and its main goal is to create long-term scientific documentation of the permafrost changes in the Swiss Alps. To accurately represent the current conditions of the Alps, the network records permafrost temperatures
1718:
tree forest is confined to lower elevations. The upper limit of the
Subalpine zone is located at about 1,800 meters on the north side of the Alps and about 2,000 meters on the south side. It can, however, differ in some regions such as the Appenzell Alps (1,600 meters) or the Engadin valley (2,300
1142:
to power nearby communities, but as glaciers melt and stop refreezing, the melting that creates the energy ceases to exist. Researchers have been evaluating how the topography will change as the glaciers begin to decrease and they are looking more deeply into potential construction costs, energy
1785:
zones, a change in the geography and wildlife, and the occurrence of more deadly rock slides. Furthermore, natural hazards are occurring more frequently, such as floods, avalanches, and landslides. Additionally, the water supply that the glaciers originally provided is on the decline, which is
2389:
Climate change is impacting
European Alpine tourism due to the increasing number and intensity of natural hazards, and it is endangering the accessibility and infrastructure of tourism destinations. Melting glaciers are affecting the attractiveness of the Alpine landscape, increasing winter
1759:
The glacial zone is the area of permanent snow and ice. When the steepness of the slope is not too high it results in an accumulation and compaction of snow, which transforms into ice. The glacier-formed then flows down the valley and can reach as far down as 1,500 meters (the
2515:
The crossing of the Alps is a key issue at national and international levels, as the
European continent is at places divided by the range. Since the beginning of industrialisation Switzerland has improved its transalpine network; it began in 1882, by building the
1780:
Due to the change in weather patterns, the summers are expected to continue getting warmer and drier, while the winters are expected to become moister. This change in the weather increases the chances of flooding with heavier rainfall, the melting of
1768:, which periodically fall off due to the downward movement of the glacier and cause ice avalanches. The Bernese Alps, Pennine Alps, and Mont Blanc Massif contain most of the glaciated areas in the Alps. Except for research stations such as the
1950:
have both summer ski areas. The ski season starts from as early as
November and runs to as late as May; however, the majority of ski resorts in Switzerland tend to open in December and run through to April. The most visited places are:
187:
The glaciers of the Swiss Alps cover an area of 1,220 square kilometres (470 sq mi) — 3% of the Swiss territory, representing 44% of the total glaciated area in the Alps i.e. 2,800 square kilometres (1,100 sq mi).
1137:
Switzerland has been using this concerning transition in climate as a positive opportunity to develop new innovations and to change the ways that energy is being produced in the country. Switzerland depends on the use of
1112:
and are used as hydroelectric reservoirs. Some large artificial lakes can be found above 2,300 m, but natural lakes larger than 1 km are generally below 1,000 m (with the exceptions of lakes in the
3290:
4964:
1749:(2,130 m). The extent of the Alpine zone is limited by the first permanent snow, its altitude greatly varies depending on the location (and orientation), it comprises between 2,800 and 3,200 meters.
1832:
in 1861) mostly by
British mountain climbers accompanied by the local guides. The construction of facilities for tourists started in the mid-nineteenth century with the building of hotels and
1585:
are part of the
Helvetic Zone and those on the south side are part of the Penninic nappes. The Austroalpine zone concerns almost only the Eastern Alps, with the notable exception of the
1710:. It is the most important region as it is the largest of the three and contains almost all human settlements as well as the productive areas. The forests are mainly composed of
1570:
in the eastern Glarus Alps gives a visible illustration of mountain-building processes and was therefore declared a UNESCO World
Heritage. Another fine example gives the
1157:
The following table gives the surface area above 2000 m and 3000 m and the respective percentage on the total area of each canton whose high point is above 2000 metres.
1733:
is situated above the tree line and is clear of trees due to low average temperatures. It contains mostly grass and small plants along with mountain flowers. Below the
3488:
3728:
1864:
Switzerland enjoys a 62,000-km network of well-maintained trails, of which 23,000 are located in mountainous areas. Many mountains attract a large number of
1670:
with altitude (0.56 °C per 100 meters on yearly average), three different altitudinal zones, each having distinct climate, are found in the Swiss Alps:
3950:
1596:
greatly transformed
Switzerland's landscape. Many valleys of the Swiss Alps are U-shaped due to glacial erosion. During the maximum extension of the
180:
countries. Despite the fact that
Switzerland covers only 14% of the Alps total 192,753 square kilometres (74,422 sq mi) area, 48 out of 82
3803:
Pütz, Marco; Gallati, David; Kytzia, Susanne; Elsasser, Hans; Lardelli, Corina; Teich, Michaela; Waltert, Fabian; Rixen, Christian (November 2011).
346:. The western ranges occupy the greatest part of Switzerland while the more numerous eastern ranges are much smaller and are all situated in the
3640:
3594:
Mannerfelt, Erik Schytt; Dehecq, Amaury; Hugonnet, Romain; Hodel, Elias; Huss, Matthias; Bauder, Andreas; Farinotti, Daniel (22 August 2022).
5133:
3782:
2446:, bus, funicular, cable car, or usually a combination of them. The main companies of the coherently integrated public transport system are:
3987:
1901:
5138:
4969:
4082:
4402:
3901:
1620:, the region became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2001. An effect of the retreat of the Rhine Glacier some 10,000 years ago was the
5069:
219:. The not well defined regions in Switzerland that lie on the margin of the Alps, especially those on the north side, are called the
184:
are located in the Swiss Alps and practically all of the remaining 34 are within 20 kilometres (12 mi) of the country's border.
174:
The Alps cover 60% of Switzerland's total 41,285 square kilometres (15,940 sq mi) surface area, making it one of the most
4553:
2407:
4336:
1109:
145:
5143:
4639:
4397:
2403:
1885:
2356:
in England) who put his skis on in his hotel bedroom in 1881 and walked out through the hotel Bar to the slopes wearing them.
374:
are the highest ranges of the country, they contain respectively 38, 9 and 1 summit over 4000 meters. The lowest range is the
4644:
4487:
4362:
3871:
3859:
1087:
5118:
4827:
4482:
4457:
3472:
235:
in Italian). The Swiss Prealps are mainly made of limestone and they generally do not exceed 2,500 metres (8,200 ft).
1070:(the North Sea) and the Mediterranean Sea (Adriatic and the Black Sea). The European watershed lies only partially on the
4060:
3519:
3485:
2545:
1105:
5123:
4767:
4357:
4107:
1125:
in the Bernese Oberland). The melting of low-altitude glaciers can generate new lakes, such as the 0.25 km large
4732:
4664:
4558:
4092:
4077:
3805:"Winter Tourism, Climate Change, and Snowmaking in the Swiss Alps: Tourists' Attitudes and Regional Economic Impacts"
3732:
3363:
1566:
later) preceded the collision between the two plates and the so-called alpine orogeny. The major thrust fault of the
4787:
4621:
4469:
3980:
1182:
614:
291:
130:
1534:
The composition of the great tectonic units reflects the history of the formation of the Alps. The rocks from the
5128:
4959:
4715:
4701:
4684:
4594:
4546:
4377:
4102:
3911:
3757:
2536:, the longest railway tunnel of the world, opened in 2016 and provides a direct flat rail link through the Alps.
2482:
1649:
1518:
1201:
610:
287:
181:
1074:. Switzerland possesses 6% of Europe's freshwater, and is sometimes referred to as the "water tower of Europe".
4937:
4817:
4802:
4541:
4536:
4526:
4516:
4387:
4087:
2394:
to match the demand for these tourist destinations and to uphold the structure and well-being of the economy.
1608:
in the western Bernese Alps is the largest and longest in the Alps, reaching a maximum depth of 900 meters at
1551:
4797:
4689:
4477:
4452:
4412:
4329:
4324:
4114:
4097:
3382:
2478:
2443:
1869:
1002:
17:
3892:
3673:
Negative Impacts of Glacial Melting((www.myswissalps.com/aboutswitzerland/nature/environment/globalwarming))
1888:
operate through the year, enabling hikers and mountaineers to reach high altitudes without much effort. The
4614:
4392:
4040:
4035:
3507:
Hydroelectricity((www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/04/17/climate/switzerland-glaciers-climate-change.html))
3257:
3149:
1083:
3089:
Also, a large number of peaks outside the Alps were named or nicknamed after Swiss mountains, such as the
4865:
4855:
4812:
4782:
4752:
4737:
4674:
4494:
4442:
4407:
4172:
3973:
2765:
700:
5022:
4792:
4599:
4499:
4447:
4067:
4030:
3955:
1152:
3938:
3644:
2432:
4927:
4777:
4762:
4742:
4025:
1761:
905:
813:
3682:
There are in total 9 car-free villages members of the GAST (Gemeinschaft Autofreier Tourismusorte):
2973:
2529:
1546:
on the south come originally from the European and African continent respectively. The rocks of the
4890:
4757:
4694:
4679:
4464:
4382:
4319:
4133:
4072:
3247:
3106:
2460:
2439:
306:. The countries with which Switzerland shares mountain ranges of the Alps are (from west to east):
161:
3778:
3529:
Various highest and lowest elevation values by canton (village center, road or rail network, etc.)
3219:
2493:
is between 3 and 6 hours away from the large cities; the train journey itself, with the panoramic
1852:
in 1898). The Jungfraubahn opened in 1912; it leads to the highest railway station in Europe, the
1644:
area was designated a biosphere reserve in 2001. The largest protected area in the country is the
4949:
4727:
4659:
4430:
4050:
3209:
2977:
1543:
359:
763:
347:
4995:
4988:
4842:
4807:
4669:
4604:
4582:
4372:
4352:
4265:
4195:
4180:
4017:
4000:
3335:
3081:
2450:
2190:
2141:
1805:
1163:
1071:
239:
4245:
3410:
are the only over 4,000-metre ranges not shared with Switzerland. Distance retrieved from the
3274:
4895:
4860:
4772:
4626:
4563:
4185:
4045:
3550:"Extrapolating glacier mass balance to the mountain-range scale: the European Alps 1900–2100"
3121:
2981:
1741:
are often used as pastures. Some villages can still be found on the lowest altitudes such as
1559:
204:
149:
5004:
4954:
4932:
4832:
4747:
4367:
4260:
3609:
3596:"Halving of Swiss glacier volume since 1931 observed from terrestrial image photogrammetry"
3563:
2533:
2517:
2290:
618:
351:
267:
3204:
2525:
1604:, before retreating and leaving remnants only in high mountain areas. In modern times the
8:
5108:
4875:
4609:
4270:
3242:
3167:
2985:
2669:
2470:
2266:
2114:
1661:
1641:
1637:
1539:
1530:
Valley in the Bernese Alps, a deep U-shaped valley that resulted from erosion by glaciers
1512:
1315:
991:
824:
501:
279:
70:, encompassing an area sometimes called Central Alps. While the northern ranges from the
4124:
3613:
3567:
3339:
5060:
5009:
4942:
4649:
4521:
4511:
4215:
3826:
3177:
2721:
2421:
2274:
2098:
1845:
1769:
1334:
1239:
1063:
1055:
527:
497:
435:
295:
275:
195:
and north of the national border. The limit between the Alps and the plateau runs from
59:
3025:
1597:
4240:
3867:
3855:
3830:
3821:
3804:
3687:
3399:
3359:
3224:
3192:
3187:
3162:
2965:
2805:
2322:
2250:
2210:
1934:. Some villages are car-free and can be accessed only with public transports such as
1837:
1372:
1296:
1277:
1035:
682:
572:
568:
493:
299:
251:
79:
1050:. The major triple watersheds in the Alps are located within the country, they are:
5048:
5036:
4922:
4910:
4531:
4310:
4275:
4225:
4220:
4205:
3816:
3617:
3571:
3432:
The Swiss Prealps should not be confused with the homonymous region defined by the
3403:
3318:
3310:
2809:
2574:
2569:
2554:
2455:
2330:
2326:
2318:
2145:
1927:
1889:
1613:
1429:
1391:
1353:
1258:
1139:
921:
841:
755:
751:
717:
687:
661:
622:
564:
552:
523:
509:
443:
283:
263:
259:
243:
141:
140:, transit across the Alps played an important role in history. The region north of
2841:
1030:(which is part of the Danube basin) while the south side is mainly drained by the
3896:
3664:
Negative Impacts of Glacial Melting((lcluc.umd.edu/hotspot/glacial-retreat-alps))
3523:
3492:
3386:
3302:
3294:
3236:
3182:
3117:
3098:
3090:
3077:
2717:
2673:
2564:
2559:
2505:
2498:
2494:
2465:
2442:. Virtually every mountain village can be reached by public transport, either by
2417:
2391:
2353:
2023:
1636:
To protect endangered species some sites have been brought under protection. The
1621:
1605:
1547:
916:
876:
166:
2921:
2881:
1884:). The large winter resorts are also popular destinations in summer, as most of
965:
777:
343:
4880:
4568:
4235:
4200:
4162:
3852:
Handbuch Schweizer Alpen. Pflanzen, Tiere, Gesteine und Wetter. Der Naturführer
3600:
3554:
3465:
3459:
3453:
3133:
2925:
2629:
2521:
2306:
2270:
2214:
2008:
1825:
1703:
1696:
1609:
1448:
1220:
1122:
1031:
972:
746:
605:
489:
448:
439:
375:
271:
247:
208:
114:
75:
55:
4915:
3516:
2133:
1808:
in the Swiss Alps began with the first ascents of the main peaks of the Alps (
5113:
5102:
5084:
5071:
4905:
4870:
4506:
4305:
4290:
4157:
3407:
2769:
2286:
2234:
2198:
2164:
1919:
1738:
1730:
1640:
in Graubünden was established in 1914 as the first alpine national park. The
1601:
1567:
1535:
1527:
1410:
1059:
953:
948:
932:
836:
772:
759:
670:
656:
560:
556:
547:
536:
505:
484:
468:
371:
319:
303:
255:
192:
176:
99:
83:
51:
4055:
3864:
Manuel des Alpes suisses. Plantes, animaux, roches et météo. Le guide nature
3622:
3595:
2877:
2625:
2490:
1931:
1764:). Where the slopes are too steep, the snow accumulates to form overhanging
581:
4900:
4822:
3269:
3069:
3029:
2845:
1892:
is the highest summit of the European continent to be served by cable car.
1853:
1833:
1798:
1617:
1563:
1555:
1047:
977:
892:
848:
739:
712:
473:
426:
367:
363:
335:
331:
110:
71:
67:
63:
50:, represents a major natural feature of the country and is, along with the
3576:
3549:
2544:
The different names of the mountains and other landforms are named in the
2246:
585:
4850:
4631:
4210:
3996:
3172:
3073:
2665:
2349:
2338:
2302:
2278:
2078:
2012:
1998:
1813:
1523:
1468:
1097:
1051:
1027:
960:
937:
909:
869:
857:
817:
768:
632:
543:
452:
386:
355:
200:
137:
43:
2969:
2070:
4654:
3965:
3683:
3437:
3214:
3102:
2917:
2801:
2713:
2621:
2509:
2310:
2294:
2258:
2137:
2059:
1992:
1939:
1881:
1877:
1849:
1821:
1817:
1782:
1734:
1667:
1593:
1586:
925:
881:
829:
734:
726:
705:
515:
126:
3753:
864:
4250:
3921:
3691:
3411:
3129:
3021:
2761:
2725:
2633:
2254:
2242:
2238:
2230:
2218:
2194:
2178:
2118:
2088:
2055:
1935:
1829:
1742:
1715:
1707:
1648:, opened in 2006, which covers an area of 600 square kilometres. The
1625:
1118:
1043:
1039:
1011:
941:
853:
730:
122:
3711:
2412:
2016:
1906:
628:
4885:
4255:
3699:
3094:
2617:
2298:
2262:
2222:
2186:
2170:
2110:
2102:
1971:
1947:
1865:
1809:
1688:
1645:
1571:
1558:. The closure of the latter by subduction under the African plate (
1126:
1067:
885:
790:
480:
456:
3379:
2428:
1578:
1132:
1019:
645:
460:
415:
129:(4,478 m). The other following major summits can be found in this
4280:
4230:
3889:
3715:
2486:
2154:
2082:
2074:
2051:
2030:
1988:
1979:
1974:
1959:
1943:
1868:
from around the world, especially the 4000-meter summits and the
1711:
1692:
1114:
897:
598:
315:
216:
118:
95:
3144:
1954:
577:
105:
The Swiss Alps comprise almost all the highest mountains of the
4300:
4285:
4190:
3707:
3433:
2477:
Most of the mountain regions are within 1 to 3 hours travel of
2342:
2334:
2206:
2202:
2182:
2158:
2129:
2125:
2063:
2034:
2020:
1982:
1923:
1915:
1680:
691:
665:
593:
519:
307:
87:
3906:
1794:
3916:
3703:
3593:
3538:
PERMOS monitoring((www.permos.ch/downloads/permos00-02.pdf.))
2314:
2282:
2226:
2106:
2041:
2002:
1967:
1873:
1765:
1582:
1574:
area with several visible upfolds of Helvetic zone material.
1108:
are located in Alpine regions, many large mountain lakes are
1023:
721:
695:
649:
637:
464:
419:
339:
311:
196:
91:
34:
Image of the Swiss Alps, covered in snow during the daytime.
30:
4295:
3956:
The Jungfrau-Aletsch-Bietschhorn UNESCO World Heritage site
3695:
3252:
2148:
2092:
2045:
1962:
remains car-free and retains much of its original character
1841:
675:
589:
531:
431:
212:
106:
39:
3960:
1062:. Between the Witenwasserenstock and Piz Lunghin runs the
78:
are entirely in Switzerland, the southern ranges from the
3802:
3729:"Davos, la station la plus fréquentée de Suisse bilan.ch"
2512:
at an altitude of 1,704 meters is the highest in Europe.
1746:
3933:
3356:
Les Alpes: Un foyer de civilisation au coeur de l'Europe
1007:
3423:
According to the limit defined by the Alpine Convention
3125:
2352:, Switzerland was Englishmen Gerald Fox (a resident of
2177:
Other important destinations on the regional level are
1600:(18,000 years ago) the glaciers completely covered the
1497:
1092:
330:
The Alps are usually divided into two main parts, the
5020:
2473:(PostAuto / CarPostal / AutoPostale / Auto da Posta)
2380:
Snowmobiling (as well as snowmobile tours and rides)
170:
Swiss Alps seen from the Swiss Jura in December 2010
1772:, no settlements are to be found in those regions.
1034:(Po basin). The rivers on the north empty into the
1018:The north side of the Swiss Alps is drained by the
3582:Total ice volume change since 1900 is −96 ± 13 km3
2548:. The table below gives the most recurrent names.
2438:The Swiss Alps and Switzerland enjoy an extensive
1840:in 1863) and the opening of mountain train lines (
3486:"Dam Begun in Swiss Alps to be Europe's Highest."
5100:
27:Portion of the Alps that lies within Switzerland
3771:
1958:Due to strong political will by the citizenry,
1133:Hydroelectricity Impacts due to Glacial Melting
3628:This translates to a halving of glacier volume
2451:Swiss Federal Railways (SBB CFF FFS)
1652:is the first World Heritage Site in the Alps.
3981:
3466:
62:regions. The Swiss Alps extend over both the
3460:
3454:
1902:List of ski areas and resorts in Switzerland
1775:
4965:Cultural Property of National Significance
3988:
3974:
3934:Map of Switzerland with points of interest
3862:). French translation: Heinz Staffelbach,
1631:
3890:General timetable of all public transport
3820:
3621:
3575:
2364:Some major sporting activities include:
191:The Swiss Alps are situated south of the
3995:
3402:are within 20 km from the Swiss border.
3143:
2427:
2411:
2408:List of mountain railways in Switzerland
1953:
1910:Highest ski area in Europe above Zermatt
1905:
1793:
1687:
1679:
1577:With some exceptions, the Alps north of
1522:
1091:
1006:
789:
385:
165:
86:are shared with other countries such as
29:
3517:Die Kantone nach ihren höchsten Punkten
3263:
14:
5101:
3912:Scenic PostBus lines in the Swiss Alps
3866:, éditions Rossolis, 2009, 656 pages (
2404:List of mountain passes in Switzerland
3969:
3436:classification of the Alps, with the
2528:, and more recently, in 2007, by the
1789:
1088:List of mountain lakes of Switzerland
5134:Ski areas and resorts in Switzerland
3547:
3473:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
3334:
1498:Monitoring glacial changes over time
1129:which formed between 2002 and 2003.
46:, conventionally referred to as the
1737:limit (at about 2,600 meters), the
1046:, on the south the Po empty in the
24:
5139:Tourist attractions in Switzerland
3961:Photos and paintings of Swiss Alps
3951:General information about the Alps
2359:
1706:is the region that lies below the
25:
5155:
3878:
3854:, Haupt Verlag, 2008, 656 pages (
3809:Mountain Research and Development
2384:
1895:
1859:
1550:belong to the former area of the
1146:
211:, passing close to the cities of
5054:
5042:
5030:
4123:
3822:10.1659/mrd-journal-d-11-00039.1
1655:
131:list of mountains of Switzerland
3939:Topographic maps of Switzerland
3841:
3796:
3785:from the original on 2014-02-01
3760:from the original on 2015-11-09
3746:
3721:
3676:
3667:
3658:
3633:
3587:
3541:
3532:
3510:
3501:
3354:Werner Bätzing, Henri Rougier,
2552:
1650:Jungfrau-Aletsch Protected Area
1519:List of glaciers in Switzerland
1161:
799:
395:
4483:President of the Confederation
3479:
3443:
3426:
3417:
3392:
3368:
3348:
3328:
3282:
2461:Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn (MGB)
1714:above 1,200–1,400 meters, the
1684:Tree line in the national park
985:
338:, whose division is along the
13:
1:
5144:Mountaineering in Switzerland
3641:"Nature parks swissworld.org"
3275:Encyclopædia Britannica, Alps
3148:The Alps are featured on the
2377:Downhill snow Mountain Biking
1003:List of rivers in Switzerland
794:Map of the eastern Swiss Alps
390:Map of the western Swiss Alps
378:culminating at 2,500 meters.
242:(from highest to lowest) are
54:and the Swiss portion of the
3258:Exploration of the High Alps
2501:, is popular with tourists.
2397:
1624:, the biggest still visible
1084:List of lakes of Switzerland
1066:separating the basin of the
904:From west to east, south of
812:From west to east, north of
644:From west to east, south of
414:From west to east, north of
350:. The latter is part of the
155:
7:
5119:Mountain ranges of the Alps
3344:. Longmans, Green & Co.
3139:
2539:
2348:The first person to ski in
1914:The major destinations for
1552:Briançonnais microcontinent
1177:Land above 3000m in %
1171:Land above 2000m in %
342:from Lake Constance to the
152:in the early 14th century.
10:
5160:
3270:Glaciers of the Alps, USGS
3150:Swiss fifty-franc banknote
3132:range was named after the
2520:, followed in 1906 by the
2401:
1899:
1659:
1516:
1510:
1506:
1153:Swiss cantons by elevation
1150:
1081:
1000:
989:
159:
5124:Mountain ranges of Europe
4982:
4841:
4723:
4714:
4590:
4581:
4438:
4429:
4345:
4171:
4145:
4141:
4132:
4121:
4016:
4007:
2479:Switzerland's main cities
1776:Impact of glacial melting
1762:Upper Grindelwald Glacier
996:
903:
811:
643:
413:
325:
4443:Administrative divisions
4330:list of cities and towns
3548:Huss, M. (6 July 2012).
3248:Transhumance in the Alps
3111:Matterhorns in the world
2217:-Glacier 3000 (all VD),
1077:
162:Geography of Switzerland
58:, one of its three main
4640:Pharmaceutical industry
3623:10.5194/tc-16-3249-2022
3210:Patrouille des Glaciers
3136:by European explorers.
2978:Ghiacciaio del Basodino
2546:four national languages
2433:Lötschberg railway line
2197:(Central Switzerland /
2185:(Central Switzerland /
1632:Environment and climate
1174:Land above 3000m in km
1168:Land above 2000m in km
360:Southern Limestone Alps
182:alpine four-thousanders
5129:Regions of Switzerland
4645:Science and technology
4488:Federal administration
3922:WalkingSwitzerland.com
3848:(in German and French)
3498:, November 1929, p. 61
3322:
3314:
3306:
3298:
3153:
3116:The confluence of the
3109:article for a list of
3082:Passo del San Gottardo
2974:Glacier de Corbassière
2530:Lötschberg Base Tunnel
2456:Rhaetian Railway (RhB)
2435:
2425:
2191:Gotthard Oberalp Arena
2069:Les Portes du Soleil:
2066:VS (car-free villages)
1963:
1911:
1802:
1699:
1685:
1568:Tectonic Arena Sardona
1531:
1183:Appenzell Ausserrhoden
1101:
1015:
795:
615:Appenzell Ausserrhoden
391:
292:Appenzell Ausserrhoden
171:
35:
3577:10.5194/tc-6-713-2012
3220:Trophée des Gastlosen
3147:
3122:Godwin-Austen Glacier
2982:Vadret da Morteratsch
2766:Aiguille d'Argentière
2481:and their respective
2431:
2415:
1957:
1909:
1797:
1695:(4,527 m), above the
1691:
1683:
1668:temperature decreases
1538:on the north and the
1526:
1202:Appenzell Innerrhoden
1095:
1010:
793:
701:Aiguille d'Argentière
611:Appenzell Innerrhoden
389:
288:Appenzell Innerrhoden
169:
33:
5085:46.55917°N 8.56139°E
4970:World Heritage Sites
3754:"Winter Sport Areas"
3374:Area defined by the
3264:Notes and references
2534:Gotthard Base Tunnel
2518:Gotthard Rail Tunnel
2029:Les quatre vallées:
358:which belong to the
352:Central Eastern Alps
348:canton of Graubünden
5081: /
4768:Firearms regulation
4337:Statistical regions
4146:Physiographic areas
3850:Heinz Staffelbach,
3614:2022TCry...16.3249S
3568:2012TCry....6..713H
3243:History of the Alps
3215:Lauberhorn Ski Race
3168:Swiss Alpine Museum
2986:Glatscher dil Vorab
2670:Cima di Gana Bianca
2532:. The 57.1-km long
2026:(car-free villages)
1662:Climate of the Alps
1638:Swiss National Park
1540:Austroalpine nappes
1513:Geology of the Alps
992:Valleys of the Alps
4733:Capital punishment
4665:Telecommunications
4559:Popular initiative
3895:2009-01-15 at the
3522:2006-09-08 at the
3491:2023-07-27 at the
3385:2011-07-29 at the
3178:Tour du Mont Blanc
3154:
2722:Pizzo Campo Tencia
2436:
2426:
2422:Landwasser Viaduct
1985:(car-free village)
1964:
1912:
1803:
1790:Travel and tourism
1770:Sphinx Observatory
1700:
1686:
1532:
1102:
1064:European Watershed
1056:Witenwasserenstock
1016:
796:
392:
172:
125:(4,506 m) and the
36:
5090:46.55917; 8.56139
5018:
5017:
4978:
4977:
4788:Human trafficking
4710:
4709:
4577:
4576:
4554:Political parties
4547:Council of States
4470:Foreign relations
4425:
4424:
4421:
4420:
3902:MySwitzerland.com
3872:978-2-940365-30-2
3860:978-3-258-07638-6
3779:"Skiing the Alps"
3400:Mont Blanc massif
3376:Alpine Convention
3225:Jungfrau Marathon
3205:La Grande Odyssée
3193:Trans-Swiss Trail
3188:Alpine Pass Route
3163:Swiss Alpine Club
3087:
3086:
2966:Unteraargletscher
2806:Corne de Sorebois
2526:Lötschberg Tunnel
2440:transport network
2345:) and many more.
2211:Villars-sur-Ollon
2153:Silvretta Arena:
1870:great north faces
1838:Swiss Alpine Club
1836:(creation of the
1612:. Along with the
1495:
1494:
983:
982:
783:
782:
683:Mont Blanc massif
403:Cantons, Country
207:on the shores of
199:on the shores of
150:Swiss Confederacy
80:Mont Blanc massif
16:(Redirected from
5151:
5096:
5095:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5086:
5082:
5079:
5078:
5077:
5074:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5047:
5046:
5045:
5035:
5034:
5033:
5026:
4998:
4991:
4721:
4720:
4702:Waste management
4635:
4595:Economic history
4588:
4587:
4542:National Council
4527:National Redoubt
4436:
4435:
4143:
4142:
4139:
4138:
4127:
4103:Military history
4073:Early Modern era
3990:
3983:
3976:
3967:
3966:
3907:SuisseMobile.com
3849:
3835:
3834:
3824:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3775:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3765:
3750:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3731:. Archived from
3725:
3719:
3680:
3674:
3671:
3665:
3662:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3643:. Archived from
3637:
3631:
3630:
3625:
3608:(8): 3249–3268.
3591:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3545:
3539:
3536:
3530:
3528:
3514:
3508:
3505:
3499:
3483:
3477:
3468:
3462:
3456:
3447:
3441:
3430:
3424:
3421:
3415:
3404:Barre des Ecrins
3398:All 4,000ers of
3396:
3390:
3372:
3366:
3352:
3346:
3345:
3341:The Central Alps
3332:
3326:
3293:
3286:
2810:Corn da Tinizong
2551:
2550:
2524:and 1913 by the
2374:Snow sled-biking
1928:Bernese Oberland
1890:Klein Matterhorn
1160:
1159:
1140:hydroelectricity
922:Cima di Castello
842:Aroser Weisshorn
798:
797:
524:Brienzer Rothorn
394:
393:
142:St Gotthard Pass
21:
5159:
5158:
5154:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5149:
5148:
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5098:
5089:
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5043:
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5031:
5029:
5021:
5019:
5014:
5001:
4994:
4987:
4974:
4938:Public holidays
4837:
4818:Social security
4706:
4633:
4573:
4517:Law enforcement
4478:Federal Council
4417:
4398:Mountain passes
4341:
4167:
4128:
4119:
4051:Federal Charter
4046:Old Confederacy
4012:
4003:
3994:
3917:MySwissAlps.com
3897:Wayback Machine
3881:
3847:
3844:
3839:
3838:
3801:
3797:
3788:
3786:
3777:
3776:
3772:
3763:
3761:
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3751:
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3663:
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3650:
3648:
3639:
3638:
3634:
3592:
3588:
3546:
3542:
3537:
3533:
3526:
3524:Wayback Machine
3515:
3511:
3506:
3502:
3496:Popular Science
3493:Wayback Machine
3484:
3480:
3448:
3444:
3440:as main summit.
3431:
3427:
3422:
3418:
3397:
3393:
3387:Wayback Machine
3373:
3369:
3353:
3349:
3333:
3329:
3299:Schweizer Alpen
3289:
3287:
3283:
3266:
3183:Monte Rosa tour
3142:
3118:Baltoro Glacier
3099:Matterhorn Peak
3091:Wetterhorn Peak
3078:Pas de Cheville
2718:Pointe de Zinal
2674:Tschima da Flix
2542:
2506:Engadin Airport
2499:Bernina Express
2495:Glacier Express
2466:GoldenPass Line
2424:, Albula Range
2418:Glacier Express
2410:
2400:
2392:artificial snow
2387:
2362:
2360:Snow activities
2354:Tone Dale House
2099:Val d'Anniviers
1922:are located in
1904:
1898:
1886:aerial tramways
1862:
1792:
1778:
1664:
1658:
1634:
1622:Flims Rockslide
1606:Aletsch Glacier
1598:Würm glaciation
1548:Penninic nappes
1521:
1515:
1509:
1500:
1155:
1149:
1135:
1090:
1080:
1005:
999:
994:
988:
328:
164:
158:
121:(4,527 m), the
117:(4,545 m), the
113:(4,634 m), the
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5157:
5147:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
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5111:
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4992:
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4699:
4698:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4650:Stock exchange
4647:
4642:
4637:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4618:
4617:
4612:
4602:
4597:
4591:
4585:
4579:
4578:
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4574:
4572:
4571:
4569:Federal decree
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4550:
4549:
4544:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
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4509:
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4405:
4400:
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4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4363:Extreme points
4360:
4355:
4349:
4347:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4325:Municipalities
4322:
4316:
4315:
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4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
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4175:
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4165:
4163:Jura Mountains
4160:
4155:
4149:
4147:
4136:
4130:
4129:
4122:
4120:
4118:
4117:
4115:Historiography
4112:
4111:
4110:
4100:
4098:Modern history
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4078:Napoleonic era
4075:
4070:
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4064:
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4053:
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3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3886:
3885:
3880:
3879:External links
3877:
3876:
3875:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3815:(4): 357–362.
3795:
3770:
3745:
3720:
3675:
3666:
3657:
3632:
3601:The Cryosphere
3586:
3562:(4): 713–727.
3555:The Cryosphere
3540:
3531:
3509:
3500:
3478:
3470:in the online
3442:
3425:
3416:
3391:
3367:
3347:
3327:
3280:
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3278:
3277:
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3138:
3134:Konkordiaplatz
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2926:Fil de Cassons
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2630:Monte Generoso
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2522:Simplon Tunnel
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2386:
2385:Climate change
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2307:Alt St. Johann
2271:Melchsee-Frutt
2215:Les Diablerets
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2122:
2096:
2086:
2067:
2049:
2038:
2027:
2009:Jungfrauregion
2006:
1996:
1986:
1977:
1900:Main article:
1897:
1896:Winter tourism
1894:
1861:
1860:Summer tourism
1858:
1791:
1788:
1777:
1774:
1757:
1756:
1739:alpine meadows
1727:
1726:
1704:Subalpine zone
1697:Gorner Glacier
1678:
1677:
1675:Subalpine zone
1657:
1654:
1633:
1630:
1610:Konkordiaplatz
1511:Main article:
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1147:Land elevation
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888:
879:
873:
872:
867:
861:
860:
851:
845:
844:
839:
833:
832:
827:
821:
820:
809:
808:
807:Notable peaks
805:
802:
781:
780:
775:
766:
749:
747:Lepontine Alps
743:
742:
737:
724:
715:
709:
708:
703:
698:
685:
679:
678:
673:
668:
659:
653:
652:
641:
640:
635:
626:
608:
606:Appenzell Alps
602:
601:
596:
575:
550:
540:
539:
534:
513:
487:
477:
476:
471:
449:Finsteraarhorn
446:
429:
423:
422:
411:
410:
407:
406:Notable peaks
404:
401:
398:
376:Appenzell Alps
327:
324:
209:Lake Constance
157:
154:
84:Bernina massif
76:Appenzell Alps
56:Jura Mountains
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5156:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5106:
5104:
5097:
5094:
5062:
5052:
5050:
5040:
5038:
5028:
5027:
5024:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5002:
4997:
4993:
4990:
4986:
4985:
4981:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4944:
4941:
4940:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4893:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4848:
4846:
4844:
4840:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4725:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4713:
4703:
4700:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4682:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4616:
4615:Private banks
4613:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4580:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
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4548:
4545:
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4540:
4539:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4507:Landsgemeinde
4505:
4501:
4498:
4497:
4496:
4493:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4459:
4458:Supreme Court
4456:
4455:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4440:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4428:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
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4351:
4350:
4348:
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4335:
4331:
4328:
4327:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4158:Swiss Plateau
4156:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4131:
4126:
4116:
4113:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4088:Federal state
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4036:Early history
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3991:
3986:
3984:
3979:
3977:
3972:
3971:
3968:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
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3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3927:
3926:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3883:
3882:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3846:
3845:
3832:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3799:
3784:
3780:
3774:
3759:
3756:. search.ch.
3755:
3749:
3735:on 2009-06-04
3734:
3730:
3724:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3679:
3670:
3661:
3647:on 2009-06-04
3646:
3642:
3636:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3602:
3597:
3590:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3556:
3551:
3544:
3535:
3525:
3521:
3518:
3513:
3504:
3497:
3494:
3490:
3487:
3482:
3475:
3474:
3469:
3463:
3457:
3451:
3446:
3439:
3435:
3429:
3420:
3413:
3409:
3408:Gran Paradiso
3405:
3401:
3395:
3388:
3384:
3381:
3377:
3371:
3365:
3364:2-606-00294-6
3361:
3357:
3351:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3331:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3315:Alpi svizzere
3312:
3308:
3307:Alpes suisses
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3285:
3281:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3229:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3155:
3151:
3146:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2847:
2843:
2842:Tour Sallière
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2771:
2770:Ago di Sciora
2767:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2549:
2547:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2513:
2511:
2507:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2434:
2430:
2423:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2395:
2393:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2287:Sarganserland
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2235:Breil/Brigels
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2209:-Les Mosses,
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2165:Crans Montana
2163:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2146:Chateau-d'Oex
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1920:winter sports
1917:
1908:
1903:
1893:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1834:mountain huts
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1800:
1796:
1787:
1784:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1745:(1,940 m) or
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1682:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1663:
1656:Climate zones
1653:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1602:Swiss Plateau
1599:
1595:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1560:Piemont Ocean
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1544:Southern Alps
1541:
1537:
1536:Helvetic zone
1529:
1528:Lauterbrunnen
1525:
1520:
1514:
1504:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1144:
1141:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1060:Monte Forcola
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1036:Mediterranean
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1014:in Graubünden
1013:
1009:
1004:
993:
979:
976:
974:
971:
970:
967:
964:
962:
959:
958:
955:
954:Piz Paradisin
952:
950:
947:
946:
943:
939:
936:
934:
931:
930:
927:
923:
920:
918:
915:
914:
911:
907:
902:
899:
896:
894:
891:
890:
887:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
871:
868:
866:
863:
862:
859:
855:
852:
850:
847:
846:
843:
840:
838:
835:
834:
831:
828:
826:
825:Oberhalbstein
823:
822:
819:
815:
810:
806:
803:
800:
792:
788:
787:
779:
776:
774:
773:Rheinwaldhorn
770:
767:
765:
761:
757:
753:
750:
748:
745:
744:
741:
738:
736:
732:
728:
725:
723:
719:
716:
714:
711:
710:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
693:
689:
686:
684:
681:
680:
677:
674:
672:
671:Dents du Midi
669:
667:
663:
660:
658:
657:Chablais Alps
655:
654:
651:
647:
642:
639:
636:
634:
630:
627:
624:
620:
616:
612:
609:
607:
604:
603:
600:
597:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
576:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
551:
549:
548:Schwyzer Alps
545:
542:
541:
538:
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
514:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
488:
486:
485:Emmental Alps
482:
479:
478:
475:
472:
470:
469:Lauteraarhorn
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
447:
445:
441:
437:
433:
430:
428:
425:
424:
421:
417:
412:
408:
405:
402:
399:
396:
388:
384:
383:
379:
377:
373:
372:Bernina Range
369:
365:
361:
357:
354:, except the
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
323:
321:
320:Liechtenstein
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
236:
234:
230:
226:
222:
221:Swiss Prealps
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
193:Swiss Plateau
189:
185:
183:
179:
178:
168:
163:
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
134:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
103:
101:
100:Liechtenstein
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
60:physiographic
57:
53:
52:Swiss Plateau
49:
45:
41:
32:
19:
18:Swiss Prealps
5066:
4943:National Day
4866:Coat of arms
4856:Architecture
4823:Swiss people
4813:Prostitution
4783:Homelessness
4753:Demographics
4738:Conscription
4675:Trade unions
4610:Central bank
4495:Human rights
4448:Constitution
4173:Subdivisions
4152:
4108:list of wars
4010:Major topics
4009:
3863:
3851:
3842:Bibliography
3812:
3808:
3798:
3787:. Retrieved
3773:
3762:. Retrieved
3748:
3737:. Retrieved
3733:the original
3723:
3678:
3669:
3660:
3649:. Retrieved
3645:the original
3635:
3627:
3605:
3599:
3589:
3581:
3559:
3553:
3543:
3534:
3512:
3503:
3495:
3481:
3471:
3449:
3445:
3428:
3419:
3394:
3375:
3370:
3355:
3350:
3340:
3330:
3323:Alps svizras
3284:
3115:
3110:
3088:
3070:Jungfraujoch
3064:
3059:
3054:
3050:
3045:
3041:
3036:
3030:Valle Maggia
3026:Val d'Hérens
3016:
3011:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2960:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2932:
2922:Crêt du Midi
2912:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2882:Tête Blanche
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2846:Torrone Alto
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2756:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2708:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2612:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2589:
2584:
2543:
2514:
2503:
2476:
2437:
2388:
2371:Snowboarding
2363:
2347:
2176:
1913:
1863:
1854:Jungfraujoch
1804:
1799:Glacier 3000
1779:
1758:
1754:Glacial zone
1753:
1728:
1723:
1701:
1674:
1665:
1635:
1618:Aar Glaciers
1591:
1576:
1564:Valais Ocean
1556:Tethys Ocean
1533:
1501:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1467:
1156:
1136:
1106:highest dams
1103:
1048:Adriatic Sea
1017:
978:Piz Sesvenna
966:Piz Murtaröl
893:Samnaun Alps
786:Eastern Alps
785:
784:
778:Splügen Pass
740:Simplon Pass
713:Pennine Alps
474:Grimsel Pass
427:Bernese Alps
382:Western Alps
381:
380:
344:Splügen Pass
336:Eastern Alps
332:Western Alps
329:
237:
232:
228:
224:
220:
190:
186:
175:
173:
135:
111:Dufourspitze
104:
72:Bernese Alps
68:Eastern Alps
64:Western Alps
47:
37:
5088: /
5061:Switzerland
4916:Röstigraben
4793:Immigration
4600:Agriculture
4474:Government
4358:Earthquakes
4083:Restoration
4068:Reformation
4031:Enlargement
3997:Switzerland
3527:(in German)
3380:alpconv.org
3358:, page 21,
3173:Haute Route
3152:since 2016.
3074:Panixerpass
2666:Grenzgipfel
2350:Grindelwald
2339:Bosco/Gurin
2303:Unterwasser
2279:Flumserberg
2134:Saanenmöser
2079:Les Crosets
2013:Grindelwald
1999:Lenzerheide
1814:Piz Bernina
1731:Alpine zone
1724:Alpine zone
1628:worldwide.
1594:glaciations
1469:Switzerland
1098:Lac des Dix
1052:Piz Lunghin
1012:Rhine Gorge
986:Hydrography
961:Ortler Alps
938:Piz Bernina
870:Schesaplana
858:Piz Lunghin
769:Monte Leone
633:Churfirsten
544:Glarus Alps
453:Aletschhorn
409:East limit
356:Ortler Alps
238:The Alpine
231:in German,
227:in French,
201:Lake Geneva
144:became the
138:Middle Ages
44:Switzerland
5109:Swiss Alps
5103:Categories
5073:46°33′33″N
4923:Literature
4778:Healthcare
4763:Euthanasia
4743:Corruption
4655:Swiss made
4634:(currency)
4537:Parliament
4532:Neutrality
4153:Swiss Alps
4093:World wars
4056:Rütli Oath
3789:2014-01-28
3764:2015-11-09
3739:2009-06-08
3684:Bettmeralp
3651:2018-12-22
3450:Swiss Alps
3438:Schilthorn
3378:(website:
3336:Ball, John
3107:Matterhorn
3103:California
2952:Ghiacciaio
2918:Gornergrat
2878:Bürkelkopf
2802:Wetterhorn
2714:Lenzspitze
2626:Mont Vélan
2622:Dammastock
2510:St. Moritz
2491:Graubünden
2402:See also:
2311:Hoch-Ybrig
2295:Toggenburg
2259:Beckenried
2237:(all GR),
2161:in Austria
2138:Zweisimmen
2060:Bettmeralp
1993:St. Moritz
1940:Bettmeralp
1932:Graubünden
1918:and other
1882:Piz Badile
1878:Matterhorn
1850:Gornergrat
1822:Matterhorn
1818:Monte Rosa
1783:permafrost
1735:permafrost
1660:See also:
1587:Matterhorn
1562:first and
1517:See also:
1373:St. Gallen
1278:Graubünden
1151:See also:
1110:artificial
1104:Since the
1082:See also:
1072:main chain
1001:See also:
990:See also:
926:Piz Badile
882:Piz Linard
830:Piz Platta
764:Graubünden
735:Matterhorn
727:Monte Rosa
706:Col Ferret
619:St. Gallen
582:Bächistock
569:Graubünden
516:Dammastock
268:St. Gallen
252:Graubünden
160:See also:
136:Since the
127:Matterhorn
109:, such as
48:Swiss Alps
42:region of
5076:8°33′41″E
5049:Mountains
5037:Geography
4891:Languages
4758:Education
4680:Transport
4622:Companies
4465:Elections
4403:Mountains
4383:Hydrology
4320:Districts
4134:Geography
4041:Roman era
3831:129703860
3692:Riederalp
3688:Braunwald
3412:Swisstopo
3291:‹See Tfd›
3130:Karakoram
3124:south of
3105:(see the
3022:Mattertal
2957:Glatscher
2938:Gletscher
2762:Nadelhorn
2726:Piz Roseg
2634:Munt Pers
2579:Examples
2398:Transport
2323:Braunwald
2255:Klewenalp
2247:Sörenberg
2243:Hasliberg
2239:Meiringen
2231:Obersaxen
2219:Leukerbad
2195:Andermatt
2179:Engelberg
2142:Rougemont
2119:Chandolin
2089:Adelboden
2085:in France
2056:Riederalp
1936:Riederalp
1866:alpinists
1848:in 1889,
1844:in 1873,
1830:Weisshorn
1828:in 1858,
1824:in 1856,
1820:in 1855,
1816:in 1850,
1812:in 1811,
1801:cable car
1743:Riederalp
1719:meters).
1716:deciduous
1708:tree line
1642:Entlebuch
1626:landslide
1592:The last
1316:Nidwalden
1123:Oeschinen
1119:Lake Sils
1100:in Valais
1044:Black Sea
942:Piz Roseg
917:Bregaglia
877:Silvretta
854:Piz Kesch
801:Location
731:Weisshorn
586:Glärnisch
502:Nidwalden
397:Location
280:Nidwalden
205:Rorschach
156:Geography
123:Weisshorn
5005:Category
4950:Religion
4886:Helvetia
4881:Folklore
4798:Pensions
4728:Abortion
4660:Taxation
4522:Military
4431:Politics
4378:Glaciers
4346:By topic
4026:Timeline
4001:articles
3893:Archived
3783:Archived
3758:Archived
3700:Saas-Fee
3520:Archived
3489:Archived
3383:Archived
3338:(1873).
3237:The Alps
3140:See also
3120:and the
3095:Colorado
2970:Hüfifirn
2743:Aiguille
2618:Gamsberg
2540:Toponymy
2487:Engadine
2299:Wildhaus
2263:Emmetten
2223:Savognin
2171:Saas-Fee
2124:Gstaad:
2111:Vercorin
2103:Grimentz
2071:Champéry
1972:Klosters
1948:Saas-Fee
1810:Jungfrau
1712:conifers
1646:Parc Ela
1614:Fiescher
1572:Alpstein
1554:and the
1335:Obwalden
1240:Fribourg
1127:Triftsee
1117:such as
1068:Atlantic
973:Sesvenna
886:Piz Buin
498:Obwalden
457:Jungfrau
436:Fribourg
296:Fribourg
276:Obwalden
229:Voralpen
225:Préalpes
66:and the
5023:Portals
4989:Outline
4960:Symbols
4911:Romansh
4906:Italian
4871:Cuisine
4843:Culture
4828:Welfare
4808:Poverty
4803:Prisons
4716:Society
4670:Tourism
4605:Banking
4583:Economy
4388:Islands
4373:Forests
4353:Climate
4181:Cantons
4018:History
3884:Tourism
3716:Zermatt
3610:Bibcode
3564:Bibcode
3467:Italian
3319:Romansh
3311:Italian
3157:Tourism
3128:in the
3097:or the
2947:Glacier
2933:Glacier
2661:Tschima
2575:Romansh
2570:Italian
2555:English
2483:airport
2471:PostBus
2420:on the
2157:GR and
2155:Samnaun
2083:Avoriaz
2081:VS and
2075:Morgins
2054:Arena:
2052:Aletsch
2031:Verbier
1989:Engadin
1980:Zermatt
1960:Zermatt
1944:Zermatt
1846:Pilatus
1806:Tourism
1693:Liskamm
1666:As the
1507:Geology
1297:Lucerne
1115:Engadin
949:Livigno
933:Bernina
898:Muttler
865:Rätikon
837:Plessur
599:Seeztal
573:Lucerne
528:Pilatus
494:Lucerne
368:Bernese
364:Pennine
316:Austria
300:Lucerne
240:cantons
233:Prealpi
217:Lucerne
148:of the
146:nucleus
119:Liskamm
96:Austria
82:to the
74:to the
5010:Portal
4901:French
4896:German
4861:Cinema
4851:Anthem
4773:Health
4632:Franc
4627:Energy
4564:Voting
4453:Courts
4413:Rivers
4061:Growth
3999:
3870:
3858:
3829:
3712:Mürren
3708:Wengen
3461:French
3455:German
3434:SOIUSA
3362:
3303:French
3295:German
3239:(film)
2993:Valley
2961:Vadret
2913:Cresta
2904:Cresta
2733:Needle
2691:Pointe
2686:Spitze
2646:Gipfel
2641:Summit
2565:French
2560:German
2485:. The
2368:Skiing
2335:Airolo
2309:(SG),
2285:(both
2265:(both
2245:(BE),
2221:(VS),
2207:Leysin
2205:(GR),
2203:Sedrun
2201:) and
2189:) and
2183:Titlis
2159:Ischgl
2130:Saanen
2126:Gstaad
2115:St-Luc
2064:Fiesch
2040:LAAX:
2035:Nendaz
2021:Wengen
2017:Mürren
1924:Valais
1916:skiing
1766:seracs
1430:Valais
1392:Ticino
1354:Schwyz
1259:Glarus
1164:Canton
1121:, and
1032:Ticino
997:Rivers
849:Albula
804:Range
756:Ticino
752:Valais
718:Valais
692:France
688:Valais
666:France
662:Valais
629:Säntis
623:Zurich
594:Mythen
565:Glarus
553:Schwyz
520:Titlis
510:Valais
444:Valais
400:Range
362:. The
326:Ranges
308:France
284:Schwyz
264:Ticino
260:Glarus
244:Valais
177:alpine
88:France
40:Alpine
4996:Index
4955:Sport
4933:Music
4928:Media
4833:Women
4748:Crime
4408:Parks
4393:Lakes
4368:Fauna
3945:Other
3827:S2CID
3704:Stoos
3231:Other
3199:Sport
3060:Passo
3008:Valle
2889:Ridge
2868:Testa
2832:Torre
2817:Tower
2792:Corno
2787:Corne
2757:Guila
2738:Nadel
2700:Pizzo
2613:Cuolm
2604:Monte
2594:Stock
2585:Mount
2508:near
2317:(all
2315:Stoos
2297:with
2283:Pizol
2257:with
2227:Scuol
2193:with
2140:BE –
2107:Zinal
2042:Flims
2003:Arosa
1968:Davos
1874:Eiger
1583:Rhine
1579:Rhône
1462:0.03
1434:2595
1405:0.07
1386:0.05
1282:4296
1078:Lakes
1040:North
1024:Rhine
1020:Rhône
722:Italy
696:Italy
650:Rhine
646:Rhône
638:Rhine
621:(and
537:Reuss
508:(and
465:Eiger
461:Mönch
420:Rhine
416:Rhône
340:Rhine
312:Italy
197:Vevey
98:and
92:Italy
5114:Alps
4876:Flag
4695:road
4690:rail
4500:LGBT
3928:Maps
3868:ISBN
3856:ISBN
3714:and
3696:Rigi
3464:and
3452:in
3406:and
3360:ISBN
3253:NRLA
3065:Pass
3046:Joch
3042:Pass
3037:Pass
2942:Firn
2899:Crêt
2894:Grat
2873:Tgau
2863:Tête
2858:Kopf
2853:Head
2837:Tuor
2827:Tour
2822:Turm
2797:Corn
2782:Horn
2777:Horn
2681:Peak
2656:Cima
2651:Cime
2609:Munt
2599:Mont
2590:Berg
2504:The
2444:rail
2416:The
2406:and
2337:and
2325:and
2313:and
2281:and
2261:and
2093:Lenk
2046:Laax
1946:and
1938:and
1930:and
1880:and
1842:Rigi
1729:The
1702:The
1616:and
1581:and
1475:9788
1449:Vaud
1440:697
1424:1.8
1415:562
1396:781
1377:184
1348:0.2
1304:0.3
1291:1.6
1288:111
1272:0.6
1263:213
1247:0.8
1234:1.7
1231:100
1225:887
1221:Bern
1209:2.3
1190:0.4
1096:The
1086:and
1058:and
1042:and
1026:and
908:and
906:Mera
816:and
814:Mera
676:Arve
648:and
590:Rigi
578:Tödi
546:and
532:Napf
490:Bern
483:and
440:Bern
432:Vaud
418:and
370:and
334:and
318:and
302:and
272:Vaud
248:Bern
215:and
213:Thun
107:Alps
38:The
4685:air
4512:Law
3817:doi
3618:doi
3572:doi
3414:map
3113:).
3101:in
3093:in
3055:Pas
3051:Col
3017:Val
3012:Val
3003:Val
2998:Tal
2909:Fil
2753:Ago
2748:Ago
2709:Péz
2705:Piz
2695:Pic
2497:or
2489:in
2333:),
2327:Elm
2321:),
2293:),
2289:in
2277:),
2269:),
2253:),
1826:Dom
1747:Juf
1490:2.3
1485:936
1453:92
1443:13
1437:50
1421:19
1418:52
1411:Uri
1399:28
1358:69
1342:13
1339:66
1320:20
1285:60
1266:31
1244:14
1228:15
1028:Inn
910:Inn
818:Inn
760:Uri
561:Uri
557:Zug
506:Uri
481:Uri
463:,
304:Zug
256:Uri
203:to
115:Dom
5105::
4311:ZH
4306:ZG
4301:VS
4296:VD
4291:UR
4286:TI
4281:TG
4276:SZ
4271:SO
4266:SH
4261:SG
4256:OW
4251:NW
4246:NE
4241:LU
4236:JU
4231:GR
4226:GL
4221:GE
4216:FR
4211:BS
4206:BL
4201:BE
4196:AR
4191:AG
4186:AI
3874:).
3825:.
3813:31
3811:.
3807:.
3781:.
3710:,
3706:,
3702:,
3698:,
3694:,
3690:,
3686:,
3626:.
3616:.
3606:16
3604:.
3598:.
3580:.
3570:.
3558:.
3552:.
3458:,
3321::
3317:,
3313::
3309:,
3305::
3301:,
3297::
3126:K2
3080:,
3076:,
3072:,
3053:,
3044:,
3028:,
3024:,
3010:,
2984:,
2980:,
2976:,
2972:,
2968:,
2959:,
2940:,
2924:,
2920:,
2911:,
2880:,
2844:,
2808:,
2804:,
2768:,
2764:,
2755:,
2724:,
2720:,
2716:,
2707:,
2693:,
2672:,
2668:,
2632:,
2628:,
2624:,
2620:,
2611:,
2592:,
2343:TI
2331:GL
2319:SZ
2305:–
2301:–
2291:SG
2275:OW
2267:NW
2251:LU
2241:–
2233:,
2229:,
2225:,
2213:,
2199:UR
2187:OW
2173:VS
2167:VS
2149:VD
2144:–
2136:–
2132:–
2128:–
2121:VS
2117:–
2113:–
2109:–
2105:–
2101::
2095:BE
2091:–
2077:–
2073:–
2062:–
2058:–
2048:GR
2044:–
2037:VS
2033:–
2024:BE
2019:–
2015:–
2011::
2005:GR
2001:–
1995:GR
1991:–
1983:VS
1975:GR
1970:–
1942:.
1926:,
1876:,
1856:.
1589:.
1542:–
1480:24
1459:1
1456:3
1402:2
1383:1
1380:9
1367:0
1364:0
1361:8
1345:1
1329:0
1326:0
1323:7
1310:0
1307:0
1301:4
1269:4
1253:0
1250:0
1215:0
1212:0
1206:4
1196:0
1193:0
1187:1
1054:,
1038:,
1022:,
940:,
924:,
884:,
856:,
771:,
762:,
758:,
754:,
733:,
729:,
720:,
694:,
690:,
664:,
631:,
625:)
617:,
613:,
592:,
588:,
584:,
580:,
571:,
567:,
563:,
559:,
555:,
530:,
526:,
522:,
518:,
512:)
504:,
500:,
496:,
492:,
467:,
459:,
455:,
451:,
442:,
438:,
434:,
366:,
322:.
314:,
310:,
298:,
294:,
290:,
286:,
282:,
278:,
274:,
270:,
266:,
262:,
258:,
254:,
250:,
246:,
133:.
102:.
94:,
90:,
5025::
3989:e
3982:t
3975:v
3833:.
3819::
3792:.
3767:.
3742:.
3718:.
3654:.
3620::
3612::
3574::
3566::
3560:6
3476:.
3389:)
3325:)
3288:(
2341:(
2329:(
2273:(
2249:(
2181:-
1872:(
223:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
