Taekwondo - Knowledge

2623:(delivering a strike using the closed fist), and pushes. In some smaller tournaments, and in the past, points were awarded by three corner judges using electronic scoring tallies. All major national and international tournaments have moved fully (as of 2017) to electronic scoring, including the use of electronic headgear. This limits corner judges to scoring only technical points and punches. Some believe that the new electronic scoring system reduces controversy concerning judging decisions, but this technology is still not universally accepted. In particular, the move to electronic headgear has replaced controversy over judging with controversy over how the technology has changed the sport. Because the headgear is not able to determine if a kick was a correct taekwondo technique, and the pressure threshold for sensor activation for headgear is kept low for safety reasons, athletes who improvised ways of placing their foot on their opponents head were able to score points, regardless of how true to taekwondo those techniques were. 300: 793: 644: 2607:

octagon of similar size. Competitors are matched within gender and weight division—eight divisions for World Championships that are condensed to four for the Olympics. A win can occur by points, or if one competitor is unable to continue (knockout). However, there are several decisions that can lead to a win, as well, including superiority, withdrawal, disqualification, or even a referee's punitive declaration. Each match consists of three two-minute rounds, with one minute rest between rounds, though these are often abbreviated or shortened for some junior and regional tournaments. Competitors must wear a

1268: 1299: 1828: 9040: 2699: 2018: 5316: 411: 8983: 5302: 3395: 1276: 8993: 176: 2591: 1240:. While the Kukkiwon focus on the martial art and self-defence aspects of Kukki-Taekwondo, the WT promoted the sportive side, and its competitions employ a subset of the techniqes present in the Kukkiwon-style Taekwondo. For this reason, Kukkiwon-style Taekwondo is often referred to as WT-style Taekwondo, sport-style Taekwondo, or Olympic-style Taekwondo, though in reality the style is defined by the Kukkiwon, not the WT. 74: 2555: 1938: 2232: 1925: 115: 2680:

match. If there is no score in the additional round, the winner is decided by superiority, as determined by the refereeing officials or number of fouls committed during that round. If a competitor has a 20-point lead at the end of the second round or achieves a 20-point lead at any point in the third round, then the match is over and that competitor is declared the winner.

1819:, Rhee adopted ITF-style Taekwondo within his chain of schools, but like the GTF later departed from the ITF due to the political controversies surrounding Choi and the ITF. Rhee went on to develop his own style of taekwondo called Jhoon Rhee-style Taekwondo, incorporating elements of both traditional and ITF-style Taekwondo as well as original elements. 1710:(GTF) split from the ITF due to the political controversies surrounding the ITF; the GTF continues to practice ITF-style Taekwondo, however, with additional elements incorporated into the style. Likewise, the ITF itself split in 2001 and again in 2002 into three separate federations, headquartered in Austria, the United Kingdom, and Spain respectively. 5620: 1412:): sparring includes variations such as freestyle sparring (in which competitors spar without interruption for several minutes); seven-, three-, two-, and one-step sparring (in which students practice pre-arranged sparring combinations); and point sparring (in which sparring is interrupted and then resumed after each point is scored) 2747:(although they are required to wear approved foot and hand protection equipment, as well as optional head guards). This scoring system varies between individual organisations within the ITF; for example, in the TAGB, punches to the head or body score 1 point, kicks to the body score 2 points, and kicks to the head score 3 points. 5995:"General Choi, utilizing both his advanced education and Calligraphy skills that involved extensive knowledge of Chinese characters and language, searched for and later conceived of the new term Tae Kwon Do. This label more accurately reflected the shifting emphasis on the use of the legs for kicking" 1915:

Teukgong Moosool is a combat system developed in South Korea by the special forces units that is projected to stop the opponent as quickly as possible, although it was also used in sports competition. It is a hybrid style that mixes Taekwondo, Judo, Hapkido, Sanda (and other Chinese wushu styles) and

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conserving the body's energy. He expanded on this principle with his advocacy of the "sine wave" technique. This involves raising one's centre of gravity between techniques, then lowering it as the technique is performed, producing the up-and-down movement from which the term "sine wave" is derived.

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Choi also advocated a "relax/strike" principle for taekwondo; in other words, between blocks, kicks, and strikes the practitioner should relax the body, then tense the muscles only while performing the technique. It is believed that the relax/strike principle increases the power of the technique, by

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as well as Chinese martial arts. For example, Choi observed that the kinetic energy of a strike increases quadratically with the speed of the strike, but increases only linearly with the mass of the striking object. In other words, speed is more important than size in terms of generating power. This

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A continuous point system is utilized in ITF competition, where the fighters are allowed to continue after scoring a technique. Excessive contact is generally not allowed according to the official ruleset, and judges penalize any competitor with disqualification if they injure their opponent and he

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At the end of three rounds, the competitor with most points wins the match. In the event of a tie, a fourth "sudden death" overtime round, sometimes called a "Golden Point", is held to determine the winner after a one-minute rest period. In this round, the first competitor to score a point wins the

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The World Taekwondo Federation (WTF) also refers to the commandments of the Hwarang in the articulation of its taekwondo philosophy. Like the ITF philosophy, it centers on the development of a peaceful society as one of the overarching goals for the practice of taekwondo. The WT's stated philosophy

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Han Mu Do is a martial art developed by Koream practitioner Dr. Young Kimm, who founded the World Hanmudo Association to assure the preservation of his style. Its ideals are mostly based on the Han philosophy, mainly about the mind balance of the practitioner. Young Kimm studied Taekwondo, Tang Soo

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Hup Kwon Do is a hybrid style of Taekwondo created by a Malayan martial artist called Grandmaster Lee in 1989. He opened his first school in Penang, and originally developed this system as a self-defense technique, mixing Taekwondo with a multitude of other martial arts, such as Kendo, Bokken, Wado

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Discussions around the historical influences of Taekwondo have been controversial, with two main schools of thought: traditionalism and revisionism. Traditionalism holds that the origins of Taekwondo are indigenous while revisionism, the prevailing theory, argues that Taekwondo is rooted in karate.

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Han Moo Doo is a hybrid martial art created by Korean practitioner Yoon Sung Hwang in 1989, in Kahauva, Finland. Like other variations of Taekwondo, it first started out as a method of self-defense before spreading across Northern countries such as Sweden, Norway and Denmark. It combines Taekwondo

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The President was amazed and asked General Choi what the new martial art is called. President Rhee was a nationalist, hated the Japanese and would not approve the soldiers practicing Japanese martial arts such as Tang Soo Do or Korean Karate. Someone said to the President that it was Tang Soo Do.

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or forms, although this is not an Olympic event. Single competitors perform a designated pattern of movements, and are assessed by judges for accuracy (accuracy of movements, balance, precision of details) and presentation (speed and power, rhythm, energy), both of which receive numerical scores,

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Under World Taekwondo (WT, formerly WTF) and Olympic rules, sparring is a full-contact event, employing a continuous scoring system where the fighters are allowed to continue after scoring each technique, taking place between two competitors in either an area measuring 8 meters square or an

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Extreme Taekwondo is a hybrid style created in 2008, by Taekwondo practitioner Shin-Min Cheol, who also founded Mirime Korea in 2012, a production company that helped spreading his style. His company is based on promoting TKD tournaments, in a style which mixed other martial arts like Karate and

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The referee can give penalties at any time for rule-breaking, such as hitting an area not recognized as a target, usually the legs or neck. Penalties, called "Gam-jeom" are counted as an addition of one point for the opposing contestant. Following 10 "Gam-jeom" a player is declared the loser by

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Points are awarded for permitted techniques delivered to the legal scoring areas as determined by an electronic scoring system, which assesses the strength and location of the contact. The only techniques allowed are kicks (delivering a strike using an area of the foot below the ankle), punches

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Poomsae are patterns that demonstrate a range of kicking, punching and blocking techniques, kyorugi involves the kind of sparring seen in the Olympics, and gyeokpa is the art of breaking wooden boards. Taekwondo also sometimes involves the use of weapons such as swords and nun-chucks. Taekwondo

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Mass: the principle of bringing as much of the body to bear on a strike as possible; again using the turning kick as an example, the idea would be to rotate the hip as well as the leg during the kick in order to take advantage of the hip's additional mass in terms of providing power to the

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with deductions made for errors. Pair and team competition is also recognized, where two or more competitors perform the same form at the same time. In addition to competition with the traditional forms, there is experimentation with freestyle forms that allow more creativity.

6024:"Interview with Nam Tae-Hi making it clear that Tae Kwon Do came from Korean Karate (also known as "Shotokan Karate," "Tang Soo Do" and "Kong Soo Do"). At a martial arts meeting in 1955, Choi presented a fictional argument connecting Taekwon-Do to Taekkyon, an old martial art" 3406:

may be used as prompts for commands or for counting repetition exercises. Different schools and associations will use different vocabulary, however, and may even refer to entirely different techniques by the same name. As one example, in Kukkiwon/WT-style Taekwondo, the term

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While organisations such as ITF or Kukkiwon define the general style of Taekwondo, individual clubs and schools tend to tailor their Taekwondo practices. Although each Taekwondo club or school is different, a student typically takes part in most or all of the following:

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There are a number of major Taekwondo styles as well as a few niche styles. Most styles are associated with a governing body or federation that defines the style. The major technical differences among taekwondo styles and organizations generally revolve around:

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There are two kinds of competition sparring: point sparring, in which all strikes are light contact and the clock is stopped when a point is scored; and Olympic sparring, where all strikes are full contact and the clock continues when points are scored.

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When sparring, padded equipment is usually worn. In the ITF tradition, typically only the hands and feet are padded. In the Kukkiwon/WT tradition, full-contact sparring is facilitated by the employment of more extensive equipment: padded helmets called

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Taekwondo is characterized by its emphasis on head-height kicks, jumping and spinning kicks, and fast kicking techniques. In fact, WT sparring competitions award additional points for strikes that incorporate spinning kicks, kicks to the head, or both.

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as the new national academy for Taekwondo. Kukkiwon now serves many of the functions previously served by the KTA, in terms of defining a government-sponsored unified style of Taekwondo. In 1973 the KTA and Kukkiwon supported the establishment of the

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Reaction Force: the principle that as the striking limb is brought forward, other parts of the body should be brought backwards in order to provide more power to the striking limb. As an example, if the right leg is brought forward in a

1442:): the breaking of boards is used for testing, training, and martial arts demonstrations. Demonstrations often also incorporate bricks, tiles, and blocks of ice or other materials. These techniques can be separated into three types: 2613:, head protector, shin pads, foot socks, forearm guards, hand gloves, a mouthpiece, and a groin cup. Tournaments sanctioned by national governing bodies or the WT, including the Olympics and World Championship, use electronic 6140: 1749:. Among the refinements incorporated into this new sub-style is the "sine wave"; one of Choi Hong-hi's later principles of taekwondo is that the body's centre of gravity should be raised-and-lowered throughout a movement. 1638:. They used a number of different names such as Tang Soo Do (Chinese Hand Way), Kong Soo Do (Empty Hand Way) and Tae Soo Do (Foot Hand Way). Traditional Taekwondo is still practised today but generally under names like 1201:. As a response to this, along with political disagreements about teaching taekwondo in North Korea and unifying the whole Korean Peninsula, Choi broke with the (South Korea) KTA in 1966, in order to establish the 6865: 2499:

The emphasis on speed and agility is a defining characteristic of taekwondo and has its origins in analyses undertaken by Choi Hong-hi. The results of that analysis are known by ITF practitioners as Choi's

1871:, but the style itself is defined by the Kukkiwon, not by the WT, and the WT competition ruleset itself only allows the use of a very small number of the total number of techniques included in the style. 2481:

is that this goal can be furthered by adoption of the Hwarang spirit, by behaving rationally ("education in accordance with the reason of heaven"), and by recognition of the philosophies embodied in the

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Some ITF schools adopt the sine wave style, while others do not. Essentially all ITF schools do, however, use the patterns (tul) defined in the Encyclopedia, with some exceptions related to the forms

7006: 2619:, electronic foot socks, and electronic head protectors to register and determine scoring techniques, with human judges used to assess and score technical (spinning) techniques and score punches. 6924: 7200: 2491:(understanding change in the world as the interactions of the heavens, the Earth, and Man). The philosophical position articulated by the Kukkiwon is likewise based on the Hwarang tradition. 6955: 1656:

as a common term for their martial arts. As part of the unification process, The Korea Taekwondo Association (KTA) was formed through a collaborative effort by representatives from all the

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In later years, the Korean government has been a significant supporter of traditionalist views as to divorce Taekwondo from its link to Japan and give Korea a "legitimate cultural past".

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can no longer continue (although these rules vary between ITF organizations). At the end of two minutes (or some other specified time), the competitor with more scoring techniques wins.

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Initially, the South Korean president gave Choi's ITF limited support, due to their personal relationship. However, Choi and the government later split on the issue of whether to accept

6226: 2022: 1773:, a former Taekwondo instructor in the South Korean military, relocated to Omaha, Nebraska and established a chain of martial arts schools in the United States under the banner of the 7141: 6148: 1738:

The style of taekwondo practised by the ITF before its 1973 split with the KTA is sometimes called by ITF practitioners "Traditional Taekwondo", though a more accurate term would be

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Korean Kickboxing and it follows the Yin-Yang and five elements philosophy. Its origins date back to the 1960s–70s, but it was only introduced in special forces training in 1979.

6050:"Nam and General Choi faced a dilemma as they could not teach the Koreans Karate and call it Taekkyeon. They needed a new name urgently but the President liked the name Taekkyon" 2773:'s inter-university competitions, which have included separate WT rules sparring, ITF rules sparring, Kukkiwon patterns and Chang-Hon patterns events run in parallel since 1992. 1684:

that joined the unification is that of the Kukkiwon, with the notable exception of half the Oh Do Kwan which joined the ITF instead and therefore uses the Chan Hon curriculum.

5587: 1220:. After his retirement, the ITF split in 2001 and then again in 2002 to create three separate ITF federations, each of which continues to operate today under the same name. 7083: 1898:

with other Korean martial arts like Hapkido and Hoi Jeon Moo Sool. It mixes striking and grappling techniques, and some schools also incorporate weapons training into it.

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Though weapons training is not a formal part of most taekwondo federation curriculum, individual schools will often incorporate additional training with weapons such as

6876: 819:("the art or way"). In addition to its five tenets of courtesy, integrity, perseverance, self-control and indomitable spirit, the sport requires three physical skills: 6746: 2642:

scores 1 point. The punch must be a straight punch with arm extended; jabs, hooks, uppercuts, etc. are permitted but do not score. Punches to the head are not allowed.

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influence on the martial art. In 1972, South Korea withdrew its support for the ITF. The ITF continued to function as an independent federation, then headquartered in

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Concentration: the principle of bringing as many muscles as possible to bear on a strike, concentrating the area of impact into as small an area as possible.

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Different styles of Taekwondo adopt different philosophical underpinnings. Many of these underpinnings however refer back to the Five Commandments of the

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Speed: as previously noted, the speed of execution of a technique in taekwondo is deemed to be even more important than mass in terms of providing power.

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also function as a channel for the issuing of Kukkiwon dan and poom certification (black belt ranks) for their members. The official curriculum of those

1165:. During this time taekwondo was also adopted for use by the South Korean military, which increased its popularity among civilian martial arts schools. 6932: 2754:

Fouls in ITF sparring include: attacking a fallen opponent, leg sweeping, holding/grabbing, or intentional attack to a target other than the opponent.

2054:), which represents belt color. A belt color may have a stripe in it. Ranks typically count down from higher numbers to lower ones. For senior ranks (" 1792:(WTTU) to promote the practice of Songahm Taekwondo internationally. In 2015, all the spin-offs were reunited under the umbrella of ATA International. 7196: 1247:

and karate), and one of six total (the others being the previously mentioned, Greco-Roman wrestling, freestyle wrestling, and boxing) included in the

6027: 5951:'No, it's T'aekkyon' the President countered. The president later instructed General Choi to teach the T'aekkyon martial art to more Korean soldiers. 1847:

the Kukkiwon became the new national academy for Taekwondo, thereby establishing a new "unified" style of Taekwondo. In 1973 the KTA established the

1617:, depending on the style); these are sets of prescribed formal sequences of movements that demonstrate mastery of posture, positioning, and technique 6947: 9029: 6060: 5942: 5843: 7235: 7216: 6678: 6218: 5721: 1777:(ATA). Like Jhoon Rhee Taekwondo, ATA Taekwondo has its roots in traditional taekwondo. The style of Taekwondo practised by the ATA is called 7266: 2632:), permitted but non-scoring techniques (such as a kick that strikes an arm), and not-permitted techniques (such as a kick below the waist). 7145: 6979: 5561: 9429: 2669:

As of October 2010, 4 points were awarded if a turning kick was used to execute this attack. As of June 2018, this was changed to 5 points.

1159:). The name was also the closest to the pronunciation of "taekkyon", The new name was initially slow to catch on among the leaders of the 2226: 7175: 2217:

are considered Grandmasters. Kukkiwon-issued ranks also hold an age requirement, with grandmaster ranks requiring an age of over forty.

6425: 2192:), are not yet allowed to issue ranks, and are generally thought of as still having much to learn. Instructors who hold a 4th. to 6th. 1859:

recognized the WT and Taekwondo sparring in 1980. For this reason, the Kukkiwon-defined style of Taekwondo is sometimes referred to as

5479: 1662:, and the work began on a common curriculum, which eventually resulted in the Kukkiwon and the Kukki Style of Taekwondo. The original 7091: 6455: 5691: 5583: 2344: 2028:

Taekwondo ranks vary from style to style and are not standardized. For junior ranks, ranks are indicated by a number and the term (

528: 5525: 873:, or martial arts schools, in Korea. The main international organizational bodies for Taekwondo today are various branches of the 1844: 1224: 1183:

of the KTA to adopt his own Chan Hon-style of Taekwondo, as a unified style. This was, however, met with resistance as the other

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is a systematic, prearranged sequence of martial techniques that is performed either with or without the use of a weapon.

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After the 1973 split, Choi Hong-hi continued to develop and refine the style, ultimately publishing his work in his 1983

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Breath Control: the idea that during a strike one should exhale, with the exhalation concluding at the moment of impact.

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Competitors are penalized with disqualification if they injure their opponent and he can no longer continue (knockout).

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Speed breaking – boards are held loosely by one edge, putting special focus on the speed required to perform the break

1236:(WTF), which later changed its name to "World Taekwondo" (WT) in 2017 due to the previous initialism overlapping with 1195:, to serve as a way to bring on the heritage and characteristics of all of the styles, not just the style of a single 212: 8668: 8522: 8355: 7259: 1789: 1713:

The GTF and all three ITFs practice Choi's ITF-style Taekwondo. In ITF-style Taekwondo, the word used for "forms" is

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that formed KTA continues to exist today, but as independent fraternal membership organizations that support the

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which was developed during the 1940s and 1950s by Korean martial artists with experience in martial arts such as

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Do, Kuk Sul, Hapkido, Korean Judo and Kum Do, mixing all of their techniques together to create his own style.

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or KTA) was established to facilitate the unification of Korean martial arts. Choi wanted all the other member

1127: 604: 197: 8225: 6895: 8631: 8616: 2807: 1811:, upon graduating from college in Texas, relocated to and established a chain of martial arts schools in the 1251:. It started as a demonstration event at the 1988 games in Seoul, a year after becoming a medal event at the 2243:

Three Korean terms may be used with reference to taekwondo forms or patterns. These forms are equivalent to

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as a historical referent. For example, Choi Hong-hi expressed his philosophical basis for taekwondo as the

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Students must pass tests to advance ranks, and promotions happen at variable rate depending on the school.

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Was an early name of taekwondo before Choi Hong-hi managed to convince the organization to adopt the name

1205:(ITF)— a separate governing body devoted to institutionalizing his Chan Hon-style of taekwondo in Canada. 8695: 8626: 1836: 1707: 1174: 890: 862: 7084:"AAU Taekwondo > Rules/Info > Rules Handbook > 2015 AAU Taekwondo Handbook Divided By Sections" 2578:). In Olympic taekwondo competitions, however, only sparring (using WT competition rules) is performed. 34: 7595: 7168:"Paralympic Sports : Taekwondo｜The Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games" 6539: 5557: 2832: 1848: 1255:, and became an official medal event at the 2000 games in Sydney. In 2010, taekwondo was accepted as a 193: 139: 87: 6283: 6049: 5935: 2274:) is the term usually used in Traditional Taekwondo (i.e., 1950s–1960s styles of Korean martial arts). 208: 9434: 8700: 5335: 2331:

Different taekwondo styles and associations (ATA, ITF, GTF, WT, etc.) use different taekwondo forms.

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refers to a long, low, front stance. Korean vocabulary commonly used in taekwondo schools includes:

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began discussing in earnest the possibility of creating a unified Korean martial art. Until then, "

8996: 8715: 8568: 8147: 7795: 7737: 7690: 7627: 5547: 5489: 2761:, and 'special techniques' (where competitors perform prescribed board breaks at great heights). 2758: 2567: 1781:. The ATA went on to become one of the largest chains of Taekwondo schools in the United States. 1415: 935: 489: 186: 62: 5461:

Kang, Won Sik; Lee, Kyong Myung (1999). A Modern History of Taekwondo. Seoul: Pogyŏng Munhwasa.

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In taekwondo schools—even outside Korea—Korean language commands and vocabulary are often used.

2787:(AAU) competitions are very similar, except that different styles of pads and gear are allowed. 8558: 7493: 5484: 5341: 2784: 1014: 889:(WT, formerly World Taekwondo Federation or WTF), founded in 1972 and 1973 respectively by the 865:(KTA), formed in 1959 through a collaborative effort by representatives from the nine original 9403: 9331: 9316: 9062: 8649: 8057: 7727: 7710: 7705: 7632: 7588: 7167: 5866:"The Influence of Korean Nationalism on the Formational Process of T'aekwŏndo in South Korea" 2574:; some tournaments also include special events such as demonstration teams and self-defense ( 1137: 990: 973: 618: 419: 8345: 6433: 1731:, culture and religious philosophy. The GTF-variant of ITF practices an additional six tul. 1216:, Canada. Choi continued to develop the ITF-style, notably with the 1983 publication of his 9274: 9202: 9153: 8527: 8365: 8297: 7842: 7837: 7732: 7695: 7675: 7667: 7622: 7432: 7301: 6807: 5493: 4965: 4856: 4559: 4409: 4137: 3678: 3435: 1889:

Shimpo, Kickboxing and Karate. It is mainly governed by the World Hupkwondo Council (WHC).

1521: 1237: 1058:) was also used to describe a unified style Korean martial arts. This name consists of the 977: 855: 383: 305: 55: 8254: 1267: 1101: 592: 570: 8: 9326: 9222: 9217: 9158: 9072: 8986: 8950: 8858: 8645: 8411: 8277: 8267: 8062: 8052: 8017: 7982: 7747: 7717: 7685: 7534: 7470: 7422: 7275: 6525: 5681: 5374: 5321: 2729:

2 points for Jumping kick to the body or kick to the head, or a jumping punch to the head

2509: 1695:(ITF)-style Taekwondo, more accurately known as Chang Hon-style Taekwondo, is defined by 961: 347: 6197:

Martial Arts Instructors Desk Reference: A Complete Guide to Martial Arts Administration

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Techniques are divided into three categories: scoring techniques (such as a kick to the

1632:"Traditional Taekwondo" refers to the 1940s and 1950s martial arts by the nine original 451: 9424: 9094: 8757: 8687: 8434: 8282: 7700: 5907: 5835: 5515: 5346: 2896: 2884: 1511: 1256: 800: 233: 8407: 9399: 9244: 8982: 8548: 8507: 8042: 7854: 7847: 6716: 6602: 6257: 6200: 5914: 5839: 5827: 5786: 5661: 5462: 1445:

Power breaking – using straightforward techniques to break as many boards as possible

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Modern ITF organizations have continued to update and expand upon this philosophy.

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involving punching and kicking techniques. The word Taekwondo can be translated as

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principle was incorporated into the early design of taekwondo and is still used.

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These tenets are further articulated in a taekwondo oath, also authored by Choi:

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Since 2000, Taekwondo has been one of three Asian martial arts (the others being

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In addition to sparring competition, World Taekwondo sanctions competition in

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from the 29th Infantry Division. He misrecognized the technique on display as

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refers to an upright walking stance, while in ITF/Chang Hon-style Taekwondo

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Equilibrium: maintaining a correct centre-of-balance throughout a technique.

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government officially designated Taekwondo as Korea's national martial art.

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Some organizations deliver multi-discipline competitions, for example the

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The competition is not full contact, and excessive contact is not allowed.

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area that practiced Traditional Taekwondo. In the 1970s, at the urging of

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instead wanted a unified style to be created based on inputs from all the

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Light and medium-contact (ITF, ITC, ATKDA, GBTF, GTF, ATA, TI,TCUK, TAGB)

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tul. The names and symbolism of the Chang Hon tul refer to elements of

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are in effect due to the WT and ITF tournament rules and regulations:

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No single creator; a collaborative effort by representatives from the

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ITF World Junior & Senior Tournament Rules—Rules and Regulations

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World Taekwondo (WT) directly sanctions the following competitions:

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techniques to attain greater height, distance, or to clear obstacles

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Choi Hong-hi advocated the use of the name "Tae Kwon Do", replacing

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A technical kick (a kick that involves turning or spinning) to the

2654:

A regular kick (no turning or spinning) to the head scores 3 points

2563: 2529:, the right arm is brought backwards to provide the reaction force. 2023:

Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, Mexico City

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Special techniques – breaking fewer boards but by using jumping or

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The Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games

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Cook, Doug (2006). "Chapter 3: The Formative Years of Taekwondo".

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List of Taekwondo techniques § Patterns, poomsae, hyung, tul

2204:), and are allowed to grade students to ranks beneath their own. 1548: 1544: 1311: 1213: 983:

Early progenitors of taekwondo—the founders of the nine original

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Relative popularity of Kukkiwon-style Taekwondo around the world

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Traditional Taekwondo: Core Techniques, History and Philosophy

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Within the ITF taekwondo tradition there are two sub-styles:

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The competition area is 9×9 meters for international events.

2320:) is the term usually used in ITF/Chang Hon-style Taekwondo. 1563: 9239: 9207: 8935: 8890: 8815: 8775: 8027: 7987: 7929: 7872: 7800: 6982:(7 October 2010, pp. 31–32). Retrieved on 27 November 2010. 6275: 2597: 2245: 1989:

The school or place where instruction is given is called a

1981: 1855:, WT) to promote the sportive side of Kukki-Taekwondo. The 1377: 1244: 757: 745: 736: 724: 703: 691: 670: 485: 7058:"30 Years of the Student National Taekwondo Championships" 6797: 6615: 715: 679: 5602: 4982: 1843:. Under the sponsorship of the South Korean government's 1679: 1673: 1663: 1657: 1651: 1633: 1196: 1190: 1184: 1178: 1160: 1141: 1030: 984: 962: 867: 623: 2757:

ITF competitions also feature performances of patterns,

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In WT/Kukki-Taekwondo, instructors holding 1st. to 3rd.

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Some common taekwondo terminology and parts of the body

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are always worn, as are padded torso protectors called

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The ATA established international spin-offs called the

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Kukkiwon's Guide to Technical Terminology in Taekwondo

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A punch that makes strong contact with the opponent's

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TKD, tae kwon do, tae kwon-do, taekwon-do, tae-kwon-do

5941:. Thesis prepared for 4th dan granting requirements. 5741:

Park, S. W. (1993): About the author. In H. H. Choi:

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Titles can also come with ranks. For example, in the

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General Choi Taekwon-do Association (India) website

1822: 1223:In 1972, the KTA and the South Korean government's 1146:) "fist", the term also used for "martial arts" in 1004: 751: 706: 685: 200:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 7016: 6896:"New taekwondo scoring system reduces controversy" 5906: 1620:Differences in the sparring rules for competition. 1173:In 1959, the Korea Tang Soo Do Association (later 6057:Thesis prepared for 4th dan granting requirements 5812:The International Journal of the History of Sport 1168: 989:—who were able to study in Japan were exposed to 9416: 7197:Taekwondo World Qualification Tournament Outline 5909:A Killing Art: The Untold History of Tae Kwon Do 5785:. Boston: YMAA Publication Center. p. 19. 2795: 2764: 2645:A regular kick (no turning or spinning) to the 2520:The components of the Theory of Power include: 861:The oldest governing body for Taekwondo is the 9037: 6577: 2666:A technical kick to the head scores 5 points. 2012: 1627: 1047: 9023: 7596: 7260: 4210:Inside-out heel kick or outside crescent kick 2702:Common styles of ITF point sparring equipment 1968:) uniform with a belt tied around the waist. 940: 4223:Outside-in heel kick or inside crescent kick 2470:I shall be a champion of freedom and justice 2442: 2436: 2421: 2415: 2400: 2394: 2379: 2373: 2358: 2352: 2315: 2299: 2293: 2269: 2263: 2172: 2166: 2148: 2142: 2124: 2118: 2100: 2094: 2066: 2035: 2029: 2004: 1998: 1963: 1957: 1612: 1601: 1584: 1502: 1485: 1470: 1464: 1425: 1419: 1401: 1389: 1357: 1339: 1333: 1315: 1114: 1088: 1075: 1062: 1053: 948:Beginning in 1945, shortly after the end of 780: 770: 590: 588: 568: 566: 6104: 6102: 5396: 5380: 2895:Taekwondo is also an optional sport at the 2504:. Choi based his understanding of power on 1950:A Taekwondo practitioner typically wears a 1919: 1569: 102:Learn how and when to remove these messages 15: 9030: 9016: 7603: 7589: 7267: 7253: 6978:World Taekwondo Federation (Oct 7, 2010): 6585:Taekwon-Do: The Korean art of self-defence 5754: 5743:Taekwon-Do: The Korean art of self-defence 5416: 2464:I shall respect the instructor and seniors 2129:; "instructor"), those holding 7th to 8th 1013:witnessed a martial arts demonstration by 363: 54:"TKD" redirects here. For other uses, see 16: 6791: 5900: 5898: 5896: 5894: 5892: 5890: 5806:Park, Cindy; Kim, Tae Yang (2016-06-12). 3389: 2562:Taekwondo competitions typically involve 1558:Examinations to progress to the next rank 278:Learn how and when to remove this message 260:Learn how and when to remove this message 158:Learn how and when to remove this message 6596: 6138: 6099: 5656:Kang, Won Sik; Lee, Kyong Myung (1999). 5282: 3393: 2697: 2589: 2553: 2230: 2021:Exhibition of taekwondo students at the 2016: 1936: 1923: 1826: 1297: 1274: 1266: 914:The governing body for Taekwondo in the 835:practitioners wear a uniform known as a 24:This is an accepted version of this page 8595: 7274: 6945: 6779:from the original on September 28, 2014 6659:from the original on September 11, 2014 6256:. International Taekwon-Do Federation. 6247: 6245: 6243: 5948:from the original on December 1, 2017. 5805: 5184:...also Sparring (Chang Hon/ITF-style) 2790: 2461:I shall observe the tenets of taekwondo 1845:Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism 1225:Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism 14: 9417: 7178:from the original on 14 September 2018 6980:Competition rules & interpretation 6749:from the original on September 3, 2014 6120:from the original on September 3, 2014 6066:from the original on December 1, 2017. 5904: 5887: 5651: 5649: 5647: 5645: 5643: 5641: 5639: 5637: 2776: 2726:1 point for Punch to the body or head. 2186:are considered assistant instructors ( 9011: 8594: 7655: 7584: 7248: 7012:from the original on October 2, 2017. 6990: 6988: 6893: 6832: 6830: 6828: 6826: 6824: 6286:from the original on October 23, 2020 5359: 3915:Ridge hand (lit. reverse hand blade) 2804:World Taekwondo Poomsae Championships 2732:3 points for Jumping kick to the head 2714:Hand attacks to the head are allowed. 1910: 1650:was agreed upon by the nine original 1302:A young red/black-belt performs Koryo 1293: 894: 786: 637: 135:Page numbers for some sources needed. 6854:from the original on August 9, 2017. 6806:. WorldTaekwondo.org. Archived from 6621: 6251: 6240: 5780: 5748: 5735: 2855: 2822:World Taekwondo Junior Championships 2771:British Student Taekwondo Federation 1874: 1484:Throwing and/or falling techniques ( 1374:): these serve the same function as 881:in 1966, and the partnership of the 198:adding citations to reliable sources 169: 108: 67: 9430:Games and sports introduced in 1955 6798:World Taekwondo Federation (2004). 6316:from the original on August 7, 2012 6194: 6188: 5694:from the original on 15 August 2022 5634: 5564:from the original on 9 January 2017 5528:from the original on 21 August 2017 2902: 2840:World Taekwondo Beach Championships 2818:World Taekwondo Cadet Championships 2708:International Taekwon-Do Federation 2694:International Taekwon-Do Federation 2473:I shall build a more peaceful world 2235:A demonstration at Kuopio-halli in 2220: 2198:are considered master instructors ( 2153:; "master"), and those holding 9th 2079:International Taekwon-Do Federation 1693:International Taekwon-Do Federation 1688:1966: ITF/Chang Hon-style Taekwondo 1203:International Taekwon-Do Federation 875:International Taekwon-Do Federation 48: 7656: 6985: 6821: 5987: 5927: 5863: 2829:World Taekwondo Para Championships 2826:World Taekwondo Team Championships 2813:World Para Taekwondo Championships 2585: 2494: 936:Korean martial arts § History 49: 9466: 8523:Marine Corps Martial Arts Program 7226: 7113:"Main—World Taekwondo Federation" 5590:from the original on 1 March 2019 4425:Seogi (stance) or Jase (posture) 2860:These feature WT Taekwondo only: 2851:(debut in 2020 Tokyo Paralympics) 2602:), forearm guards and shin guards 2207:Rules of Taekwondo Promotion Test 2081:, instructors holding 1st to 3rd 1796:1970s: Jhoon Rhee-style Taekwondo 1790:World Traditional Taekwondo Union 1765:1969: ATA/Songahm-style Taekwondo 83:This article has multiple issues. 9038: 8991: 8981: 8488:Historical European martial arts 7610: 7064:from the original on 2 June 2018 6894:Gomez, Brian (August 23, 2009). 6633:from the original on 3 July 2017 5965:テコンドーの歴史も2千年？空手の親？消された創始者（1/3） 5314: 5300: 2071:or "degree" and counts upwards. 2058:" ranks), each rank is called a 1823:1972: Kukki-style / WT-Taekwondo 1583:practiced by each style (called 1009:In 1952, South Korean president 1005:Attempt to standardise Taekwondo 660: 409: 298: 174: 113: 72: 8992: 7210: 7190: 7160: 7134: 7123:from the original on 2014-09-03 7105: 7076: 7050: 7041: 6958:from the original on 2017-10-02 6939: 6917: 6887: 6858: 6761: 6731: 6701: 6671: 6645: 6590: 6563: 6546: 6532: 6518: 6504: 6490: 6476: 6462: 6448: 6418: 6388: 6358: 6328: 6298: 6268: 6229:from the original on 2021-01-20 6219:"Different styles of Taekwondo" 6163: 6132: 6088:from the original on 2019-10-02 6070: 6041: 6030:from the original on 2019-07-01 6016: 6005:from the original on 2019-06-05 5976:from the original on 2022-06-20 5956: 5876:from the original on 2020-10-25 5857: 5846:from the original on 2023-04-03 5799: 5774: 5763:from the original on 2017-07-09 5724:from the original on 2019-06-20 5706: 5623:from the original on 2011-08-15 5412:YMCA Kwon Bop Bu/Chang Moo Kwan 5289:List of Taekwondo practitioners 2676:referee's punitive declaration 2549: 1857:International Olympic Committee 397:) (demonstration sport in 1988) 185:needs additional citations for 91:or discuss these issues on the 6873:martialartsweaponstraining.com 6139:Williams, Bob (23 June 2010). 6047: 5936:"Taekwon-do: A Broken Family?" 5933: 5674: 5576: 5540: 5508: 5472: 5455: 2467:I shall never misuse taekwondo 2443: 2437: 2422: 2416: 2401: 2395: 2380: 2374: 2359: 2353: 2316: 2300: 2294: 2270: 2264: 2173: 2167: 2149: 2143: 2125: 2119: 2101: 2095: 2036: 2030: 2005: 1999: 1964: 1958: 1883: 1775:American Taekwondo Association 1613: 1602: 1585: 1535:A focus on mental and ethical 1503: 1486: 1471: 1465: 1426: 1420: 1402: 1390: 1358: 1340: 1334: 1316: 1169:Development of multiple styles 1043:pronunciation of the Japanese 993:, including karate, judo, and 781: 771: 589: 567: 13: 1: 5824:10.1080/09523367.2016.1233867 5658:A Modern History of Taekwondo 5448: 2808:World Taekwondo Championships 2594:Official WT trunk protector ( 2558:Sparring in a taekwondo class 2334: 1892: 1518:workout, including stretching 877:(ITF), originally founded by 61:For the 1994 video game, see 6713:Worldtaekwondofederation.net 6571:"Teuk Gong Moo Sool Germany" 6430:Worldtaekwondofederation.net 5714:"Korea: Korean Martial Arts" 5613:"Brief History of Taekwondo" 5553:Cambridge English Dictionary 5171:Sparring (Kukkiwon/WT-style) 4500:...also Horse-riding Stance 3888:Spear hand (lit. fingertip) 2796:World Taekwondo competitions 2765:Multi-discipline competition 2741:Competitors do not wear the 1901: 1786:Songahm Taekwondo Federation 1285:List of Taekwondo techniques 7: 9450:Sports originating in Korea 5972:(in Japanese). 2021-07-23. 5660:. Seoul: Pogyŏng Munhwasa. 5293: 4983: 4536:Gyocha lib seogi (or jase) 4486:...also Horse-riding Stance 4360:Dwi dollyeo hulyeogi chagi 2743: 2685: 2659: 2647: 2638: 2628: 2615: 2609: 2596: 2483: 2449: 2428: 2407: 2386: 2365: 2284: 2278: 2213: 2200: 2194: 2188: 2182: 2161: 2155: 2137: 2131: 2113: 2107: 2089: 2083: 2061: 2042: 2013:Ranks, belts, and promotion 1991: 1980: 1974: 1952: 1837:Korea Taekwondo Association 1708:Global Taekwondo Federation 1680: 1674: 1664: 1658: 1652: 1634: 1628:1946: Traditional Taekwondo 1608: 1597: 1591: 1498: 1492: 1477: 1438: 1432: 1408: 1396: 1376: 1370: 1364: 1352: 1346: 1328: 1322: 1279:A jumping reverse hook kick 1262: 1197: 1191: 1185: 1179: 1175:Korea Taekwondo Association 1161: 1155: 1142: 1132: 1122: 1109: 1096: 1083: 1070: 1031: 985: 963: 891:Korea Taekwondo Association 868: 863:Korea Taekwondo Association 837: 624: 610: 133:. The specific problem is: 10: 9471: 7203:February 19, 2018, at the 7117:World Taekwondo Federation 6627:The Tenants Of Tae Kwon Do 6254:Encyclopedia of Taekwon-Do 5757:"The History of Taekwondo" 5558:Cambridge University Press 5286: 2837:World Taekwondo Grand Slam 2833:World Taekwondo Grand Prix 2224: 1849:World Taekwondo Federation 1799: 1701:Encyclopedia of Taekwon-Do 1282: 1271:Flying twin foot side kick 1234:World Taekwondo Federation 1218:Encyclopedia of Taekwon-Do 933: 929: 899:), a type of full-contact 815:("strike with hand"), and 350:, initially supervised by 60: 53: 9445:Mixed martial arts styles 9392: 9342: 9050: 8977: 8914: 8869: 8799: 8754: 8684: 8605: 8601: 8590: 8536: 8468: 8406: 8311: 8253: 8211: 8083: 7968: 7920: 7863: 7746: 7666: 7662: 7651: 7618: 7512: 7469: 7451: 7408: 7330: 7282: 5617:Long Beach Press-Telegram 5336:Tae Kwon Do Life Magazine 4950: 4841: 4544: 4394: 4122: 3663: 3420: 3357: 3335: 3316: 3313: 3281:ITF Female Championships 3280: 3246: 3224: 3205: 3202: 3169: 3152: 3118: 3105: 3092: 3070: 3048: 3038: 2991: 2969: 2916: 2310:(officially romanized as 2211:Those who hold a 7th–9th 2067: 1747:Encyclopedia of Taekwondo 1740:Traditional ITF Taekwondo 1115: 1089: 1076: 1063: 1054: 1052:. The name "Tae Soo Do" ( 1048: 907:since 2000. In 2018, the 788:[t̪ʰɛ.k͈wʌ̹n.d̪o] 639:[t̪ʰɛ.k͈wʌ̹n.d̪o] 631: 617: 603: 591: 581: 569: 559: 554: 534: 521: 508: 500: 495: 481: 471: 461: 447: 442: 431: 417: 408: 389: 370: 358: 342: 334: 320: 312: 304:A taekwondo match at the 297: 6952:sandiegouniontribune.com 5964: 5352: 4522:Sagolib seogi (or jase) 4495:Gimalip seogi (or jase) 4453:Jeongul seogi (or jase) 4262:...also Roundhouse kick 4218:An-eseo bakk-eulo chagi 3564:Turn around / About face 2345:Five Tenets of Taekwondo 1920:Equipment and facilities 1800:Not to be confused with 1623:Martial arts philosophy. 1570:Styles and organizations 31:latest accepted revision 8720:Former official sports 8148:Northern Praying Mantis 7723:Mainland Southeast Asia 5490:Oxford University Press 4197:...also Front snap kick 4184:...also Front snap kick 3170:ITF Male Championships 2723:The scoring system is: 1865:Olympic-style Taekwondo 1555:, and leadership skills 1461:Self-defense techniques 63:Taekwon-Do (video game) 8559:Professional wrestling 8226:Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu 7494:Sib Pal Gi Association 6929:morethanthegames.co.uk 6396:"The Jhoon Rhee Story" 6310:Itf-administration.com 6252:Choi, Hong Hi (1983). 6171:"WT Competition Rules" 5485:OxfordDictionaries.com 5342:Taekwondo student oath 4467:Hugul seogi (or jase) 4439:Junbi seogi (or jase) 4339:...also Spin Back kick 4287:...also Snap Side kick 3614:Guryeong-e majchwoseo 3399: 3390:Taekwondo Korean terms 2785:Amateur Athletic Union 2703: 2603: 2559: 2240: 2025: 1947: 1934: 1832: 1566:, knives, and sticks. 1528:exercises, as well as 1382:in the study of karate 1303: 1280: 1272: 1238:an internet slang term 811:("strike with foot"), 501:Country or region 9455:Summer Olympic sports 9404:Winter Olympic sports 9332:Greco-Roman wrestling 9044:Summer Olympic sports 8655:Demonstration sports 7024:"itf-information.com" 6884:(24 June 2017, p. 38) 6769:"ITF Theory of Power" 6739:"Kukkiwon Philosophy" 6689:on September 11, 2014 6624:"Grand Master, Ph.D." 6376:on September 28, 2014 6195:Kim, Sang H. (2002). 5905:Gillis, Alex (2008). 5283:Notable practitioners 5129:Studio / School / Gym 4919:Student or Color Belt 4481:Gima seogi (or jase) 4236:Stretching front kick 4231:Baggeso aneuro chagi 3699:Attack / Strike / Hit 3397: 2701: 2593: 2557: 2234: 2020: 1940: 1927: 1861:Sport-style Taekwondo 1830: 1301: 1278: 1270: 1074:"to stomp, trample", 991:Japanese martial arts 941:Emergence of various 364:notable practitioners 9343:Discretionary sports 8915:Martial arts at the 8870:Martial arts at the 8800:Martial arts at the 8755:Martial arts at the 8735:Invitational sports 8685:Martial arts at the 8606:Martial arts at the 8528:Pencak Silat Harimau 8366:Pencak Silat Harimau 8298:Submission wrestling 8003:Luta Livre esportiva 7433:Korean swordsmanship 7302:Hapki Kochido Musool 7217:ITF TOURNAMENT RULES 6954:. Associated Press. 6935:on 26 December 2010. 6583:Choi, H. H. (1993): 6554:"Teuk Gong Moo Sool" 6472:. 23 September 2016. 6406:on February 18, 2015 6306:"ITF United Kingdom" 5262:Sam su sig daelyeon 4966:Revised Romanization 4951:Other/Miscellaneous 4857:Revised Romanization 4580:Backing up / retreat 4560:Revised Romanization 4545:Technique Direction 4410:Revised Romanization 4295:Yeop ppeod-eo chagi 4244:Ap ppeod-eo olli gi 4138:Revised Romanization 4017:Hoengjin gong gyeog 3679:Revised Romanization 3436:Revised Romanization 2791:List of competitions 2435:Indomitable spirit ( 1646:. In 1959, the name 1128:Revised Romanization 978:Chinese martial arts 856:Chinese martial arts 605:Revised Romanization 384:Chinese martial arts 359:Famous practitioners 306:2020 Summer Olympics 194:improve this article 140:improve this article 129:to meet Knowledge's 56:TKD (disambiguation) 9440:Korean martial arts 9327:Freestyle wrestling 9223:Rhythmic gymnastics 9218:Artistic gymnastics 8596:International games 8278:Full contact karate 8268:Professional boxing 7983:Brazilian jiu-jitsu 7535:Kwan (martial arts) 7471:Hybrid martial arts 7423:Korean fighting fan 7276:Korean martial arts 7148:on 15 February 2019 7005:. October 1, 2017. 6847:. October 1, 2017. 6719:on November 3, 2014 6526:"What Is Han Mu Do" 6456:"Extreme Taekwondo" 6436:on October 31, 2014 6346:on January 23, 2020 5375:original nine Kwans 5322:Martial arts portal 5253:Three step sparring 5248:il su sig daelyeon 4771:Jumping / 2nd level 4608:Reverse (hand/foot) 4527:Cross legged stance 4472:Horse-riding Stance 4077:2 finger spear hand 4063:1 finger spear hand 3550:Rest / Take a break 2777:Other organizations 1703:published in 1983. 954:Japanese occupation 420:governing body 405: 348:original nine Kwans 294: 21:Page version status 8758:Pan American Games 8435:Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu 8346:Jieitaikakutōjutsu 8283:Mixed martial arts 7238:2015-11-23 at the 6653:"ITF More Culture" 6500:. 12 October 2023. 6175:WorldTaekwondo.org 6151:on 16 October 2010 6110:"Kukkiwon History" 5718:www.koreaorbit.com 5496:on January 9, 2017 5347:Taekwondo in India 5075:Informal thank you 4785:Hopping / Skipping 4766:Bakk-eseo an-eulo 4753:An-eseo bakk-eulo 4594:Sideways/laterally 4378:Reverse round kick 4347:Dwi dollyeo chagi 4205:Ap ppeod-eo chagi 4105:Double hammer fist 3834:Knife hand (edge) 3400: 3292:Adults (18–39 yrs) 3181:Adults (18–39 yrs) 2897:Commonwealth Games 2885:Pan American Games 2704: 2604: 2560: 2241: 2177:; "grandmaster"). 2026: 1948: 1935: 1911:Teuk Gong Moo Sool 1869:WT-style Taekwondo 1833: 1723:. Choi defined 24 1672:and Kukkiwon. The 1304: 1294:Typical curriculum 1281: 1273: 1257:Commonwealth Games 801:Korean martial art 403: 292: 51:Korean martial art 27: 9412: 9411: 9400:Paralympic sports 9245:Modern pentathlon 9073:Marathon Swimming 9005: 9004: 8973: 8972: 8969: 8968: 8586: 8585: 8582: 8581: 8549:Martial arts film 7578: 7577: 6866:"Taekwondo Rules" 6629:. ITA Institute. 6622:S. Benko, James. 6599:Kukkiwon Textbook 6597:Kukkiwon (2005). 6470:"About Hupkwondo" 5792:978-1-59439-066-1 5667:978-89-358-0124-4 5467:978-89-358-0124-4 5280: 5279: 5239:One step sparring 5197:...also Sparring 5034:Moment of silence 5020:Pay respect / bow 4946: 4945: 4877:Master instructor 4863:Founder/President 4837: 4836: 4540: 4539: 4390: 4389: 4313:...also hook kick 4269:Ap dollyeo chagi 4118: 4117: 3820:Knife hand (edge) 3659: 3658: 3510:Resume / Continue 3387: 3386: 3276: 3275: 3165: 3164: 3066: 3065: 2965: 2964: 2856:Other tournaments 2510:Newtonian physics 1875:Extreme Taekwondo 1851:(WTF, now called 1779:Songahm Taekwondo 1138:McCune–Reischauer 1015:South Korean Army 896:[kjʌɾuɡi] 653: 652: 619:McCune–Reischauer 550: 549: 452:Full-contact (WT) 401: 400: 335:Country of origin 288: 287: 280: 270: 269: 262: 244: 168: 167: 160: 131:quality standards 122:This article may 106: 39:22 September 2024 18: 9462: 9435:Culture of Korea 9310:Beach volleyball 9051:Mandatory sports 9042: 9032: 9025: 9018: 9009: 9008: 8995: 8994: 8985: 8603: 8602: 8592: 8591: 7664: 7663: 7653: 7652: 7605: 7598: 7591: 7582: 7581: 7269: 7262: 7255: 7246: 7245: 7220: 7214: 7208: 7194: 7188: 7187: 7185: 7183: 7164: 7158: 7157: 7155: 7153: 7144:. Archived from 7138: 7132: 7131: 7129: 7128: 7109: 7103: 7102: 7100: 7099: 7090:. Archived from 7088:Aautaekwondo.org 7080: 7074: 7073: 7071: 7069: 7054: 7048: 7045: 7039: 7038: 7036: 7035: 7026:. Archived from 7020: 7014: 7013: 7011: 7000: 6992: 6983: 6976: 6967: 6966: 6964: 6963: 6943: 6937: 6936: 6931:. Archived from 6921: 6915: 6914: 6912: 6911: 6902:. Archived from 6891: 6885: 6883: 6881: 6875:. Archived from 6870: 6862: 6856: 6855: 6853: 6842: 6834: 6819: 6818: 6816: 6815: 6795: 6789: 6788: 6786: 6784: 6765: 6759: 6758: 6756: 6754: 6735: 6729: 6728: 6726: 6724: 6715:. Archived from 6709:"WTF Philosophy" 6705: 6699: 6698: 6696: 6694: 6685:. Archived from 6679:"ITF Philosophy" 6675: 6669: 6668: 6666: 6664: 6649: 6643: 6642: 6640: 6638: 6619: 6613: 6612: 6601:. 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Archived from 5476: 5470: 5459: 5442: 5433: 5427: 5420: 5414: 5400: 5394: 5384: 5378: 5363: 5324: 5319: 5318: 5317: 5310: 5305: 5304: 4986: 4948: 4947: 4839: 4838: 4732:Other side/Twist 4542: 4541: 4392: 4391: 4123:Foot Techniques 4120: 4119: 4091:Double back fist 3788:Momtong jireugi 3664:Hand Techniques 3661: 3660: 3628:Guryeong eobs-i 3418: 3417: 3302:Veterans over 50 3297:Veterans over 40 3278: 3277: 3191:Veterans over 50 3186:Veterans over 40 3167: 3166: 3068: 3067: 2967: 2966: 2914: 2913: 2909:weight divisions 2903:Weight divisions 2849:Paralympic Games 2746: 2688: 2663:scores 4 points. 2662: 2651:scores 2 points. 2650: 2641: 2631: 2618: 2612: 2601: 2486: 2452: 2446: 2445: 2440: 2439: 2431: 2425: 2424: 2419: 2418: 2410: 2404: 2403: 2398: 2397: 2389: 2383: 2382: 2377: 2376: 2368: 2362: 2361: 2356: 2355: 2319: 2318: 2303: 2302: 2297: 2296: 2287: 2281: 2273: 2272: 2267: 2266: 2221:Forms (patterns) 2216: 2210: 2203: 2197: 2191: 2185: 2176: 2175: 2170: 2169: 2164: 2158: 2152: 2151: 2146: 2145: 2140: 2134: 2128: 2127: 2122: 2121: 2116: 2110: 2104: 2103: 2098: 2097: 2092: 2086: 2070: 2069: 2064: 2045: 2039: 2038: 2033: 2032: 2008: 2007: 2002: 2001: 1996: 1985: 1977: 1967: 1966: 1961: 1960: 1955: 1813:Washington, D.C. 1683: 1677: 1667: 1661: 1655: 1637: 1616: 1615: 1611: 1605: 1604: 1600: 1594: 1588: 1587: 1506: 1505: 1501: 1495: 1489: 1488: 1480: 1474: 1473: 1468: 1467: 1441: 1435: 1429: 1428: 1423: 1422: 1411: 1405: 1404: 1399: 1393: 1392: 1381: 1373: 1367: 1361: 1360: 1355: 1349: 1343: 1342: 1337: 1336: 1331: 1325: 1319: 1318: 1227:established the 1200: 1194: 1188: 1182: 1164: 1158: 1145: 1135: 1125: 1120: 1119: 1112: 1099: 1094: 1093: 1086: 1081: 1080: 1073: 1068: 1067: 1057: 1056: 1051: 1050: 1034: 988: 966: 898: 871: 842: 798: 797: 796: 790: 784: 783: 774: 773: 764: 763: 760: 759: 756: 753: 750: 747: 744: 741: 738: 735: 732: 727: 726: 723: 720: 717: 714: 711: 708: 705: 702: 699: 694: 693: 690: 687: 684: 681: 678: 675: 672: 669: 666: 649: 648: 647: 641: 627: 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7003:World Taekwondo 6998: 6994: 6993: 6986: 6977: 6970: 6961: 6959: 6944: 6940: 6923: 6922: 6918: 6909: 6907: 6892: 6888: 6879: 6868: 6864: 6863: 6859: 6851: 6845:World Taekwondo 6840: 6836: 6835: 6822: 6813: 6811: 6800:"Kyorugi rules" 6796: 6792: 6782: 6780: 6767: 6766: 6762: 6752: 6750: 6737: 6736: 6732: 6722: 6720: 6707: 6706: 6702: 6692: 6690: 6677: 6676: 6672: 6662: 6660: 6651: 6650: 6646: 6636: 6634: 6620: 6616: 6609: 6595: 6591: 6582: 6578: 6569: 6568: 6564: 6556: 6552: 6551: 6547: 6538: 6537: 6533: 6524: 6523: 6519: 6510: 6509: 6505: 6496: 6495: 6491: 6482: 6481: 6477: 6468: 6467: 6463: 6458:. 30 June 2017. 6454: 6453: 6449: 6439: 6437: 6424: 6423: 6419: 6409: 6407: 6394: 6393: 6389: 6379: 6377: 6364: 6363: 6359: 6349: 6347: 6334: 6333: 6329: 6319: 6317: 6304: 6303: 6299: 6289: 6287: 6274: 6273: 6269: 6250: 6241: 6232: 6230: 6217: 6216: 6212: 6193: 6189: 6179: 6177: 6169: 6168: 6164: 6154: 6152: 6137: 6133: 6123: 6121: 6108: 6107: 6100: 6091: 6089: 6076: 6075: 6071: 6063: 6052: 6046: 6042: 6033: 6031: 6022: 6021: 6017: 6008: 6006: 5993: 5992: 5988: 5979: 5977: 5970:KoreaWorldTimes 5966: 5962: 5961: 5957: 5945: 5938: 5932: 5928: 5921: 5903: 5888: 5879: 5877: 5862: 5858: 5849: 5847: 5804: 5800: 5793: 5779: 5775: 5766: 5764: 5753: 5749: 5740: 5736: 5727: 5725: 5712: 5711: 5707: 5697: 5695: 5680: 5679: 5675: 5668: 5654: 5635: 5626: 5624: 5611: 5610: 5603: 5593: 5591: 5582: 5581: 5577: 5567: 5565: 5546: 5545: 5541: 5531: 5529: 5521:Merriam-Webster 5514: 5513: 5509: 5499: 5497: 5478: 5477: 5473: 5460: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5445: 5434: 5430: 5421: 5417: 5401: 5397: 5385: 5381: 5364: 5360: 5355: 5320: 5315: 5313: 5306: 5299: 5296: 5291: 5285: 5225:Ground Sparring 5006:Salute the flag 4308:Hulyeogi chagi 4249:Roundhouse kick 4171:Front snap kick 4144:Foot Techniques 4049:One finger fist 3861:Thrust / spear 3685:Hand Techniques 3537:Relax / At ease 3524:Return to ready 3421:Basic Commands 3404:Korean numerals 3392: 3303: 3298: 3293: 3288: 3192: 3187: 3182: 3177: 3085: 3080: 3072: 2984: 2979: 2971: 2929: 2924: 2905: 2858: 2798: 2793: 2779: 2767: 2696: 2588: 2586:World Taekwondo 2552: 2527:roundhouse kick 2502:Theory of Power 2497: 2495:Theory of power 2337: 2229: 2223: 2205: 2015: 1922: 1913: 1904: 1895: 1886: 1877: 1853:World Taekwondo 1825: 1805: 1802:Rhee Taekwon-Do 1798: 1767: 1690: 1670:World Taekwondo 1630: 1572: 1553:self-confidence 1296: 1287: 1265: 1171: 1102:way, discipline 1007: 960:schools called 946: 938: 932: 924:World Taekwondo 887:World Taekwondo 792: 791: 729: 696: 663: 659: 643: 642: 599: 577: 443:Characteristics 425:World Taekwondo 395:World Taekwondo 308: 284: 273: 272: 271: 266: 255: 249: 246: 203: 201: 191: 179: 164: 153: 147: 144: 137: 118: 114: 77: 73: 66: 59: 52: 47: 46: 45: 44: 43: 42: 26: 12: 11: 5: 9468: 9458: 9457: 9452: 9447: 9442: 9437: 9432: 9427: 9410: 9409: 9407: 9406: 9393: 9390: 9389: 9387: 9386: 9381: 9376: 9371: 9366: 9361: 9352: 9346: 9344: 9340: 9339: 9337: 9336: 9335: 9334: 9329: 9319: 9314: 9313: 9312: 9302: 9297: 9292: 9287: 9282: 9277: 9275:Sport climbing 9272: 9267: 9262: 9257: 9252: 9247: 9242: 9237: 9232: 9231: 9230: 9225: 9220: 9210: 9205: 9200: 9195: 9190: 9189: 9188: 9183: 9178: 9168: 9167: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9151: 9146: 9136: 9135: 9134: 9129: 9119: 9114: 9113: 9112: 9102: 9097: 9092: 9087: 9086: 9085: 9080: 9075: 9070: 9065: 9054: 9052: 9048: 9047: 9035: 9034: 9027: 9020: 9012: 9003: 9002: 9000: 8999: 8989: 8978: 8975: 8974: 8971: 8970: 8967: 8966: 8964: 8963: 8958: 8953: 8948: 8943: 8938: 8933: 8928: 8922: 8920: 8918:European Games 8912: 8911: 8909: 8908: 8903: 8898: 8893: 8888: 8883: 8877: 8875: 8867: 8866: 8864: 8863: 8862: 8861: 8856: 8851: 8843: 8838: 8833: 8828: 8823: 8818: 8813: 8807: 8805: 8797: 8796: 8794: 8793: 8788: 8783: 8778: 8773: 8768: 8762: 8760: 8752: 8751: 8749: 8748: 8747: 8746: 8741: 8733: 8732: 8731: 8726: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8692: 8690: 8682: 8681: 8679: 8678: 8677: 8676: 8671: 8666: 8664:Pistol dueling 8661: 8653: 8639: 8634: 8629: 8624: 8619: 8613: 8611: 8599: 8598: 8588: 8587: 8584: 8583: 8580: 8579: 8577: 8576: 8571: 8566: 8561: 8556: 8546: 8540: 8538: 8534: 8533: 8531: 8530: 8525: 8520: 8515: 8510: 8505: 8500: 8495: 8493:Huiyen Lallong 8490: 8485: 8480: 8474: 8472: 8466: 8465: 8463: 8462: 8457: 8452: 8450:Shorinji Kempo 8447: 8442: 8437: 8432: 8427: 8422: 8420:American Kenpo 8416: 8414: 8404: 8403: 8401: 8400: 8395: 8390: 8385: 8380: 8375: 8370: 8369: 8368: 8358: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8338: 8333: 8328: 8322: 8320: 8309: 8308: 8306: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8290: 8285: 8280: 8275: 8270: 8264: 8262: 8251: 8250: 8248: 8247: 8240: 8235: 8228: 8223: 8217: 8215: 8209: 8208: 8206: 8205: 8200: 8195: 8190: 8185: 8180: 8175: 8170: 8165: 8160: 8155: 8153:Russian boxing 8150: 8145: 8140: 8135: 8130: 8125: 8120: 8115: 8110: 8105: 8100: 8095: 8089: 8087: 8081: 8080: 8078: 8077: 8076: 8075: 8070: 8065: 8060: 8055: 8050: 8045: 8040: 8030: 8025: 8020: 8015: 8010: 8005: 8000: 7995: 7985: 7980: 7974: 7972: 7966: 7965: 7963: 7962: 7957: 7952: 7947: 7942: 7937: 7932: 7926: 7924: 7918: 7917: 7915: 7914: 7913: 7912: 7907: 7900:Ranged weapons 7897: 7896: 7895: 7890: 7888:Stick-fighting 7885: 7883:Knife fighting 7875: 7869: 7867: 7861: 7860: 7858: 7857: 7852: 7851: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7820: 7819: 7818: 7813: 7808: 7803: 7798: 7790: 7789: 7788: 7783: 7778: 7773: 7768: 7763: 7754: 7752: 7744: 7743: 7741: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7725: 7720: 7715: 7714: 7713: 7703: 7698: 7693: 7688: 7683: 7678: 7672: 7670: 7660: 7659: 7657:Classification 7649: 7648: 7646: 7645: 7640: 7635: 7630: 7625: 7623:List of styles 7619: 7616: 7615: 7608: 7607: 7600: 7593: 7585: 7576: 7575: 7573: 7572: 7567: 7562: 7557: 7552: 7547: 7542: 7540:Muyedobotongji 7537: 7532: 7527: 7522: 7516: 7514: 7510: 7509: 7507: 7506: 7501: 7496: 7491: 7486: 7481: 7475: 7473: 7467: 7466: 7464: 7463: 7457: 7455: 7449: 7448: 7446: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7414: 7412: 7406: 7405: 7403: 7402: 7397: 7392: 7387: 7382: 7377: 7372: 7367: 7362: 7357: 7352: 7347: 7342: 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article: 5284: 5281: 5278: 5277: 5274: 5271: 5268: 5267:Board Breaking 5264: 5263: 5260: 5257: 5254: 5250: 5249: 5246: 5243: 5240: 5236: 5235: 5232: 5229: 5226: 5222: 5221: 5220:Jayu daelyeon 5218: 5215: 5212: 5208: 5207: 5204: 5201: 5198: 5194: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5185: 5181: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5168: 5167: 5164: 5161: 5158: 5154: 5153: 5150: 5147: 5144: 5140: 5139: 5136: 5133: 5130: 5126: 5125: 5122: 5119: 5116: 5112: 5111: 5108: 5105: 5102: 5098: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5088:You're welcome 5085: 5084: 5083:Gomabseubnida 5081: 5079: 5076: 5072: 5071: 5070:Gamsa habnida 5068: 5065: 5062: 5058: 5057: 5054: 5052: 5049: 5045: 5044: 5041: 5038: 5035: 5031: 5030: 5027: 5024: 5021: 5017: 5016: 5013: 5010: 5007: 5003: 5002: 4999: 4996: 4993: 4989: 4988: 4979: 4976: 4973: 4969: 4968: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4953: 4952: 4944: 4943: 4940: 4937: 4934: 4930: 4929: 4926: 4923: 4920: 4916: 4915: 4912: 4909: 4906: 4902: 4901: 4898: 4895: 4892: 4888: 4887: 4884: 4881: 4878: 4874: 4873: 4870: 4867: 4864: 4860: 4859: 4854: 4851: 4848: 4844: 4843: 4835: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4822: 4821: 4818: 4815: 4812: 4808: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4795: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4786: 4782: 4781: 4778: 4775: 4772: 4768: 4767: 4764: 4762: 4759: 4758:Outside inside 4755: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4745:Inside-outside 4742: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4729: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4720: 4716: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4703: 4702: 4699: 4696: 4693: 4689: 4688: 4685: 4682: 4679: 4675: 4674: 4671: 4668: 4665: 4661: 4660: 4657: 4654: 4651: 4647: 4646: 4643: 4640: 4637: 4633: 4632: 4629: 4626: 4623: 4619: 4618: 4615: 4612: 4609: 4605: 4604: 4601: 4598: 4595: 4591: 4590: 4587: 4584: 4581: 4577: 4576: 4573: 4570: 4567: 4566:Moving forward 4563: 4562: 4557: 4554: 4551: 4547: 4546: 4538: 4537: 4534: 4531: 4528: 4524: 4523: 4520: 4517: 4514: 4510: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4497: 4496: 4493: 4490: 4487: 4483: 4482: 4479: 4476: 4473: 4469: 4468: 4465: 4462: 4459: 4455: 4454: 4451: 4448: 4445: 4441: 4440: 4437: 4434: 4431: 4427: 4426: 4423: 4420: 4417: 4413: 4412: 4407: 4404: 4401: 4397: 4396: 4388: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4375: 4374: 4373:Mu reup chagi 4371: 4369: 4366: 4362: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4352:Spin hook kick 4349: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4336: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4323: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4310: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4297: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4284: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4271: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4259: 4258: 4257:Dollyeo chagi 4255: 4253: 4250: 4246: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4233: 4232: 4229: 4227: 4224: 4220: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4207: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4194: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4181: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4168: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4155: 4154: 4151: 4148: 4145: 4141: 4140: 4135: 4132: 4129: 4125: 4124: 4116: 4115: 4112: 4109: 4106: 4102: 4101: 4100:Jang gab gwon 4098: 4095: 4092: 4088: 4087: 4084: 4081: 4078: 4074: 4073: 4072:il ji gwan su 4070: 4067: 4064: 4060: 4059: 4056: 4053: 4050: 4046: 4045: 4042: 4039: 4036: 4035:Mountain block 4032: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4019: 4018: 4015: 4012: 4009: 4005: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3992: 3991: 3988: 3986: 3983: 3979: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3966: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3956: 3952: 3951: 3948: 3946: 3943: 3939: 3938: 3935: 3932: 3929: 3925: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3912: 3911: 3908: 3905: 3902: 3898: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3885: 3884: 3881: 3878: 3875: 3871: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3862: 3858: 3857: 3854: 3851: 3848: 3847:Thrust / spear 3844: 3843: 3840: 3838: 3835: 3831: 3830: 3827: 3824: 3821: 3817: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3808: 3804: 3803: 3800: 3797: 3794: 3790: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3777: 3776: 3773: 3770: 3767: 3763: 3762: 3759: 3757: 3754: 3750: 3749: 3746: 3743: 3740: 3736: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3723: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3710: 3709: 3706: 3703: 3700: 3696: 3695: 3692: 3689: 3686: 3682: 3681: 3676: 3673: 3670: 3666: 3665: 3657: 3656: 3653: 3650: 3647: 3643: 3642: 3639: 3637: 3634: 3630: 3629: 3626: 3623: 3620: 3616: 3615: 3612: 3609: 3606: 3602: 3601: 3598: 3595: 3592: 3588: 3587: 3584: 3581: 3578: 3574: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3561: 3560: 3557: 3554: 3551: 3547: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3538: 3534: 3533: 3530: 3528: 3525: 3521: 3520: 3517: 3514: 3511: 3507: 3506: 3503: 3500: 3497: 3493: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3480: 3479: 3476: 3473: 3470: 3466: 3465: 3462: 3459: 3456: 3452: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3439: 3438: 3433: 3430: 3427: 3423: 3422: 3391: 3388: 3385: 3384: 3381: 3378: 3375: 3371: 3370: 3367: 3364: 3360: 3359: 3356: 3353: 3350: 3346: 3345: 3342: 3338: 3337: 3334: 3331: 3327: 3326: 3323: 3319: 3318: 3315: 3312: 3309: 3305: 3304: 3301: 3299: 3296: 3294: 3291: 3289: 3286: 3283: 3282: 3274: 3273: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3260: 3259: 3256: 3253: 3249: 3248: 3245: 3242: 3239: 3235: 3234: 3231: 3227: 3226: 3223: 3220: 3216: 3215: 3212: 3208: 3207: 3204: 3201: 3198: 3194: 3193: 3190: 3188: 3185: 3183: 3180: 3178: 3175: 3172: 3171: 3163: 3162: 3158: 3157: 3154: 3150: 3149: 3146: 3142: 3141: 3138: 3134: 3133: 3130: 3126: 3125: 3121: 3120: 3117: 3113: 3112: 3108: 3107: 3104: 3100: 3099: 3095: 3094: 3091: 3087: 3086: 3083: 3081: 3078: 3075: 3074: 3073:Championships 3064: 3063: 3059: 3058: 3054: 3053: 3050: 3046: 3045: 3041: 3040: 3037: 3033: 3032: 3029: 3025: 3024: 3021: 3017: 3016: 3013: 3009: 3008: 3004: 3003: 2999: 2998: 2994: 2993: 2990: 2986: 2985: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2974: 2973: 2972:Championships 2963: 2962: 2959: 2955: 2954: 2951: 2947: 2946: 2943: 2939: 2938: 2935: 2931: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2919: 2918: 2907:The following 2904: 2901: 2893: 2892: 2887: 2882: 2877: 2875:European Games 2872: 2867: 2857: 2854: 2853: 2852: 2846: 2841: 2838: 2835: 2830: 2827: 2824: 2819: 2816: 2810: 2805: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2778: 2775: 2766: 2763: 2739: 2738: 2735: 2734: 2733: 2730: 2727: 2721: 2718: 2715: 2695: 2692: 2673: 2672: 2671: 2670: 2664: 2655: 2652: 2643: 2587: 2584: 2551: 2548: 2547: 2546: 2543: 2539: 2536: 2533: 2530: 2496: 2493: 2475: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2455: 2454: 2450:baekjeolbulgul 2433: 2414:Self-control ( 2412: 2393:Perseverance ( 2391: 2370: 2336: 2333: 2322: 2321: 2305: 2275: 2225:Main article: 2222: 2219: 2014: 2011: 1921: 1918: 1912: 1909: 1903: 1900: 1894: 1891: 1885: 1882: 1876: 1873: 1824: 1821: 1797: 1794: 1788:(STF) and the 1766: 1763: 1751: 1750: 1743: 1729:Korean history 1689: 1686: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1624: 1621: 1618: 1571: 1568: 1560: 1559: 1556: 1533: 1519: 1508: 1482: 1458: 1457: 1456: 1449: 1446: 1413: 1383: 1295: 1292: 1264: 1261: 1170: 1167: 1006: 1003: 945: 939: 931: 928: 903:, has been an 651: 650: 635: 629: 628: 621: 615: 614: 607: 601: 600: 587: 585: 579: 578: 565: 563: 557: 556: 548: 547: 538: 532: 531: 525: 519: 518: 512: 506: 505: 502: 498: 497: 493: 492: 483: 479: 478: 473: 469: 468: 465: 459: 458: 449: 445: 444: 440: 439: 433: 429: 428: 422: 415: 414: 399: 398: 391: 387: 386: 372: 368: 367: 360: 356: 355: 344: 340: 339: 336: 332: 331: 322: 318: 317: 314: 310: 309: 303: 286: 285: 268: 267: 182: 180: 173: 166: 165: 121: 119: 112: 107: 81: 80: 78: 71: 50: 28: 22: 19: 17: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9467: 9456: 9453: 9451: 9448: 9446: 9443: 9441: 9438: 9436: 9433: 9431: 9428: 9426: 9423: 9422: 9420: 9405: 9401: 9398: 9395: 9394: 9391: 9385: 9382: 9380: 9377: 9375: 9372: 9370: 9369:Flag football 9367: 9365: 9362: 9360: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9348: 9347: 9345: 9341: 9333: 9330: 9328: 9325: 9324: 9323: 9320: 9318: 9317:Weightlifting 9315: 9311: 9308: 9307: 9306: 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9281: 9278: 9276: 9273: 9271: 9270:Skateboarding 9268: 9266: 9263: 9261: 9258: 9256: 9253: 9251: 9248: 9246: 9243: 9241: 9238: 9236: 9233: 9229: 9226: 9224: 9221: 9219: 9216: 9215: 9214: 9211: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9201: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9173: 9172: 9169: 9165: 9164:Track cycling 9162: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9152: 9150: 9149:Freestyle BMX 9147: 9145: 9142: 9141: 9140: 9137: 9133: 9130: 9128: 9125: 9124: 9123: 9120: 9118: 9115: 9111: 9108: 9107: 9106: 9103: 9101: 9098: 9096: 9093: 9091: 9088: 9084: 9081: 9079: 9076: 9074: 9071: 9069: 9066: 9064: 9061: 9060: 9059: 9056: 9055: 9053: 9049: 9045: 9041: 9033: 9028: 9026: 9021: 9019: 9014: 9013: 9010: 8998: 8990: 8988: 8984: 8980: 8979: 8976: 8962: 8959: 8957: 8954: 8952: 8949: 8947: 8944: 8942: 8939: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8923: 8921: 8919: 8913: 8907: 8904: 8902: 8899: 8897: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8882: 8879: 8878: 8876: 8874: 8873:African Games 8868: 8860: 8857: 8855: 8852: 8850: 8847: 8846: 8844: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8809: 8808: 8806: 8804: 8798: 8792: 8789: 8787: 8784: 8782: 8779: 8777: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8764: 8763: 8761: 8759: 8753: 8745: 8742: 8740: 8737: 8736: 8734: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8721: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8693: 8691: 8689: 8683: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8660: 8657: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8647: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8618: 8615: 8614: 8612: 8610: 8604: 8600: 8593: 8589: 8575: 8572: 8570: 8567: 8565: 8562: 8560: 8557: 8554: 8550: 8547: 8545: 8544:Fighting game 8542: 8541: 8539: 8537:Entertainment 8535: 8529: 8526: 8524: 8521: 8519: 8516: 8514: 8511: 8509: 8508:Krabi–krabong 8506: 8504: 8503:Kalaripayattu 8501: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8475: 8473: 8471: 8467: 8461: 8458: 8456: 8453: 8451: 8448: 8446: 8443: 8441: 8438: 8436: 8433: 8431: 8428: 8426: 8423: 8421: 8418: 8417: 8415: 8413: 8409: 8405: 8399: 8396: 8394: 8391: 8389: 8386: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8371: 8367: 8364: 8363: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8354: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8332: 8329: 8327: 8324: 8323: 8321: 8319: 8314: 8310: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8293:Shootfighting 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8281: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8265: 8263: 8261: 8260:combat sports 8256: 8252: 8246: 8245: 8241: 8239: 8236: 8234: 8233: 8229: 8227: 8224: 8222: 8219: 8218: 8216: 8214: 8210: 8204: 8201: 8199: 8196: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8188:Tien Shan Pai 8186: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8149: 8146: 8144: 8141: 8139: 8136: 8134: 8131: 8129: 8126: 8124: 8121: 8119: 8116: 8114: 8113:Choi Kwang-Do 8111: 8109: 8106: 8104: 8101: 8099: 8096: 8094: 8091: 8090: 8088: 8086: 8082: 8074: 8071: 8069: 8066: 8064: 8061: 8059: 8056: 8054: 8051: 8049: 8046: 8044: 8041: 8039: 8036: 8035: 8034: 8031: 8029: 8026: 8024: 8021: 8019: 8016: 8014: 8011: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8001: 7999: 7996: 7993: 7989: 7986: 7984: 7981: 7979: 7976: 7975: 7973: 7971: 7967: 7961: 7958: 7956: 7953: 7951: 7950:Pushing hands 7948: 7946: 7943: 7941: 7938: 7936: 7933: 7931: 7928: 7927: 7925: 7923: 7919: 7911: 7908: 7906: 7903: 7902: 7901: 7898: 7894: 7893:Swordsmanship 7891: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7880: 7879: 7878:Melee weapons 7876: 7874: 7871: 7870: 7868: 7866: 7862: 7856: 7853: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7825: 7824: 7821: 7817: 7814: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7802: 7799: 7797: 7794: 7793: 7791: 7787: 7784: 7782: 7779: 7777: 7774: 7772: 7769: 7767: 7764: 7762: 7759: 7758: 7756: 7755: 7753: 7751: 7745: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7716: 7712: 7709: 7708: 7707: 7704: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7689: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7673: 7671: 7669: 7665: 7661: 7654: 7650: 7644: 7643:Hard and soft 7641: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7621: 7620: 7617: 7613: 7606: 7601: 7599: 7594: 7592: 7587: 7586: 7583: 7571: 7568: 7566: 7563: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7538: 7536: 7533: 7531: 7528: 7526: 7523: 7521: 7518: 7517: 7515: 7511: 7505: 7502: 7500: 7497: 7495: 7492: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7476: 7474: 7472: 7468: 7462: 7459: 7458: 7456: 7454: 7453:Ranged weapon 7450: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7415: 7413: 7411: 7407: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7368: 7366: 7363: 7361: 7358: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7340:Choi Kwang-Do 7338: 7337: 7335: 7333: 7329: 7323: 7320: 7318: 7315: 7313: 7310: 7308: 7305: 7303: 7300: 7298: 7295: 7293: 7290: 7289: 7287: 7285: 7281: 7277: 7270: 7265: 7263: 7258: 7256: 7251: 7250: 7247: 7241: 7237: 7234: 7231: 7230: 7218: 7213: 7206: 7202: 7198: 7193: 7177: 7173: 7169: 7163: 7147: 7143: 7142:"information" 7137: 7122: 7118: 7114: 7108: 7094:on 2015-06-19 7093: 7089: 7085: 7079: 7063: 7059: 7053: 7044: 7030:on 2012-06-13 7029: 7025: 7019: 7008: 7004: 6997: 6991: 6989: 6981: 6975: 6973: 6957: 6953: 6949: 6946:MARIA CHENG. 6942: 6934: 6930: 6926: 6920: 6906:on 2013-12-02 6905: 6901: 6897: 6890: 6878: 6874: 6867: 6861: 6850: 6846: 6839: 6833: 6831: 6829: 6827: 6825: 6810:on 2007-07-02 6809: 6805: 6801: 6794: 6783:September 11, 6778: 6774: 6770: 6764: 6753:September 11, 6748: 6744: 6740: 6734: 6723:September 11, 6718: 6714: 6710: 6704: 6693:September 11, 6688: 6684: 6680: 6674: 6663:September 11, 6658: 6654: 6648: 6632: 6628: 6625: 6618: 6610: 6604: 6600: 6593: 6586: 6580: 6572: 6566: 6555: 6549: 6541: 6535: 6527: 6521: 6513: 6507: 6499: 6493: 6485: 6479: 6471: 6465: 6457: 6451: 6435: 6431: 6427: 6426:"WTF History" 6421: 6405: 6401: 6400:Jhoonrhee.com 6397: 6391: 6375: 6371: 6370:Ataon;ine.com 6367: 6366:"ATA History" 6361: 6345: 6341: 6337: 6331: 6320:September 16, 6315: 6311: 6307: 6301: 6285: 6281: 6277: 6276:"ITF Austria" 6271: 6263: 6259: 6255: 6248: 6246: 6244: 6228: 6224: 6220: 6214: 6206: 6202: 6198: 6191: 6176: 6172: 6166: 6150: 6146: 6145:The Telegraph 6142: 6135: 6119: 6115: 6111: 6105: 6103: 6087: 6083: 6079: 6073: 6062: 6058: 6051: 6044: 6029: 6025: 6019: 6004: 6000: 5996: 5990: 5975: 5971: 5967: 5959: 5952: 5944: 5937: 5930: 5922: 5916: 5913:. ECW Press. 5911: 5910: 5901: 5899: 5897: 5895: 5893: 5891: 5875: 5871: 5870:ao.81.2.10moe 5867: 5864:Moenig, Udo. 5860: 5845: 5841: 5837: 5833: 5829: 5825: 5821: 5817: 5813: 5809: 5802: 5794: 5788: 5784: 5777: 5762: 5758: 5751: 5744: 5738: 5723: 5719: 5715: 5709: 5693: 5689: 5688: 5683: 5677: 5669: 5663: 5659: 5652: 5650: 5648: 5646: 5644: 5642: 5640: 5638: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5608: 5606: 5589: 5585: 5579: 5563: 5559: 5555: 5554: 5549: 5548:"tae kwon do" 5543: 5527: 5523: 5522: 5517: 5516:"tae kwon do" 5511: 5495: 5491: 5487: 5486: 5481: 5480:"tae kwon do" 5475: 5468: 5464: 5458: 5454: 5441: 5440:Chung Do Kwan 5437: 5432: 5425: 5419: 5413: 5409: 5405: 5399: 5393: 5389: 5388:Chung Do Kwan 5383: 5376: 5372: 5368: 5362: 5358: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5337: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5327: 5323: 5312: 5309: 5303: 5298: 5290: 5275: 5272: 5269: 5266: 5265: 5261: 5258: 5255: 5252: 5251: 5247: 5244: 5241: 5238: 5237: 5234:Jwa daelyeon 5233: 5230: 5227: 5224: 5223: 5219: 5216: 5213: 5211:Free sparring 5210: 5209: 5205: 5202: 5199: 5196: 5195: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5183: 5182: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5170: 5169: 5165: 5162: 5159: 5156: 5155: 5151: 5148: 5145: 5142: 5141: 5137: 5134: 5131: 5128: 5127: 5123: 5120: 5117: 5114: 5113: 5109: 5106: 5103: 5100: 5099: 5096:Cheonman-eyo 5095: 5093: 5090: 5087: 5086: 5082: 5080: 5077: 5074: 5073: 5069: 5066: 5063: 5060: 5059: 5055: 5053: 5050: 5047: 5046: 5042: 5039: 5036: 5033: 5032: 5028: 5025: 5022: 5019: 5018: 5015:Guggi baerye 5014: 5011: 5008: 5005: 5004: 5000: 4997: 4994: 4991: 4990: 4985: 4980: 4977: 4974: 4971: 4970: 4967: 4964: 4961: 4958: 4955: 4954: 4949: 4941: 4938: 4935: 4932: 4931: 4927: 4924: 4921: 4918: 4917: 4913: 4910: 4907: 4904: 4903: 4899: 4896: 4893: 4890: 4889: 4885: 4882: 4879: 4876: 4875: 4872:Gwanjang nim 4871: 4868: 4865: 4862: 4861: 4858: 4855: 4852: 4849: 4846: 4845: 4840: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4824: 4823: 4819: 4816: 4813: 4810: 4809: 4805: 4803: 4800: 4797: 4796: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4784: 4783: 4779: 4776: 4773: 4770: 4769: 4765: 4763: 4760: 4757: 4756: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4744: 4743: 4739: 4737: 4734: 4731: 4730: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4718: 4717: 4713: 4711: 4708: 4705: 4704: 4700: 4697: 4694: 4691: 4690: 4686: 4683: 4680: 4677: 4676: 4672: 4669: 4666: 4663: 4662: 4658: 4655: 4652: 4649: 4648: 4644: 4641: 4638: 4635: 4634: 4630: 4627: 4624: 4621: 4620: 4616: 4613: 4610: 4607: 4606: 4602: 4599: 4596: 4593: 4592: 4588: 4585: 4582: 4579: 4578: 4574: 4571: 4568: 4565: 4564: 4561: 4558: 4555: 4552: 4549: 4548: 4543: 4535: 4532: 4529: 4526: 4525: 4521: 4518: 4515: 4512: 4511: 4508:Juchum seogi 4507: 4505: 4502: 4499: 4498: 4494: 4491: 4488: 4485: 4484: 4480: 4477: 4474: 4471: 4470: 4466: 4463: 4460: 4457: 4456: 4452: 4449: 4446: 4443: 4442: 4438: 4435: 4432: 4429: 4428: 4424: 4421: 4418: 4415: 4414: 4411: 4408: 4406:Hanja (한자/漢字) 4405: 4402: 4399: 4398: 4393: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4377: 4376: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4364: 4363: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4351: 4350: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4338: 4337: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4325: 4324: 4321:Huryeo chagi 4320: 4318: 4315: 4312: 4311: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4299: 4298: 4294: 4292: 4289: 4286: 4285: 4281: 4279: 4276: 4273: 4272: 4268: 4266: 4264: 4261: 4260: 4256: 4254: 4251: 4248: 4247: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4235: 4234: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4222: 4221: 4217: 4215: 4212: 4209: 4208: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4196: 4195: 4192:Ap chaneohgi 4191: 4189: 4186: 4183: 4182: 4178: 4176: 4173: 4170: 4169: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4157: 4156: 4152: 4149: 4146: 4143: 4142: 4139: 4136: 4133: 4130: 4127: 4126: 4121: 4114:Jang gwon do 4113: 4110: 4107: 4104: 4103: 4099: 4096: 4093: 4090: 4089: 4086:i ji gwan su 4085: 4082: 4079: 4076: 4075: 4071: 4068: 4065: 4062: 4061: 4057: 4054: 4051: 4048: 4047: 4043: 4040: 4037: 4034: 4033: 4030:Yeop jileugi 4029: 4027: 4024: 4021: 4020: 4016: 4013: 4010: 4007: 4006: 4003:Sonmog deung 4002: 4000: 3997: 3994: 3993: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3981: 3980: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3968: 3967: 3963: 3960: 3957: 3954: 3953: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3941: 3940: 3936: 3933: 3930: 3927: 3926: 3922: 3920: 3917: 3914: 3913: 3909: 3906: 3903: 3900: 3899: 3895: 3893: 3890: 3887: 3886: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3873: 3872: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3860: 3859: 3855: 3852: 3849: 3846: 3845: 3841: 3839: 3836: 3833: 3832: 3828: 3825: 3822: 3819: 3818: 3814: 3812: 3809: 3806: 3805: 3801: 3798: 3795: 3792: 3791: 3787: 3785: 3782: 3780:Middle Punch 3779: 3778: 3774: 3771: 3768: 3765: 3764: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3752: 3751: 3747: 3744: 3741: 3738: 3737: 3733: 3731: 3728: 3725: 3724: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3712: 3711: 3707: 3704: 3701: 3698: 3697: 3693: 3690: 3687: 3684: 3683: 3680: 3677: 3674: 3671: 3668: 3667: 3662: 3654: 3651: 3648: 3645: 3644: 3640: 3638: 3635: 3632: 3631: 3627: 3624: 3621: 3619:Without count 3618: 3617: 3613: 3610: 3607: 3604: 3603: 3599: 3596: 3593: 3590: 3589: 3585: 3582: 3579: 3576: 3575: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3563: 3562: 3558: 3555: 3552: 3549: 3548: 3544: 3542: 3539: 3536: 3535: 3531: 3529: 3526: 3523: 3522: 3518: 3515: 3512: 3509: 3508: 3504: 3501: 3498: 3495: 3494: 3490: 3488: 3485: 3483:Finish / Stop 3482: 3481: 3477: 3474: 3471: 3468: 3467: 3463: 3460: 3457: 3454: 3453: 3449: 3447: 3444: 3441: 3440: 3437: 3434: 3431: 3428: 3425: 3424: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3410: 3405: 3396: 3382: 3379: 3376: 3373: 3372: 3368: 3365: 3362: 3361: 3354: 3351: 3348: 3347: 3343: 3340: 3339: 3332: 3329: 3328: 3324: 3321: 3320: 3310: 3307: 3306: 3300: 3295: 3290: 3285: 3284: 3279: 3271: 3268: 3265: 3262: 3261: 3257: 3254: 3251: 3250: 3243: 3240: 3237: 3236: 3232: 3229: 3228: 3221: 3218: 3217: 3213: 3210: 3209: 3199: 3196: 3195: 3189: 3184: 3179: 3174: 3173: 3168: 3160: 3159: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3144: 3143: 3139: 3136: 3135: 3131: 3128: 3127: 3123: 3122: 3115: 3114: 3110: 3109: 3102: 3101: 3097: 3096: 3089: 3088: 3082: 3077: 3076: 3069: 3061: 3060: 3056: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3042: 3035: 3034: 3030: 3027: 3026: 3022: 3019: 3018: 3014: 3011: 3010: 3006: 3005: 3001: 3000: 2996: 2995: 2988: 2987: 2981: 2976: 2975: 2968: 2960: 2957: 2956: 2952: 2949: 2948: 2944: 2941: 2940: 2936: 2933: 2932: 2926: 2921: 2920: 2915: 2912: 2910: 2900: 2898: 2891: 2888: 2886: 2883: 2881: 2880:Pacific Games 2878: 2876: 2873: 2871: 2868: 2866: 2865:African Games 2863: 2862: 2861: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2844:Olympic Games 2842: 2839: 2836: 2834: 2831: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2817: 2814: 2811: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2802: 2801: 2788: 2786: 2783: 2774: 2772: 2762: 2760: 2755: 2752: 2748: 2745: 2736: 2731: 2728: 2725: 2724: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2712: 2711: 2709: 2700: 2691: 2687: 2681: 2677: 2668: 2667: 2665: 2661: 2656: 2653: 2649: 2644: 2640: 2635: 2634: 2633: 2630: 2624: 2620: 2617: 2611: 2600: 2599: 2592: 2583: 2579: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2556: 2544: 2540: 2537: 2534: 2531: 2528: 2523: 2522: 2521: 2518: 2514: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2492: 2490: 2485: 2478: 2472: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2460: 2459: 2458: 2451: 2434: 2430: 2413: 2409: 2392: 2388: 2371: 2367: 2350: 2349: 2348: 2346: 2342: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2313: 2309: 2306: 2291: 2286: 2280: 2276: 2261: 2257: 2256: 2252: 2251: 2250: 2248: 2247: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2218: 2215: 2208: 2202: 2196: 2190: 2184: 2178: 2163: 2157: 2139: 2133: 2115: 2109: 2091: 2085: 2080: 2075: 2072: 2065: 2063: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2044: 2024: 2019: 2010: 1995: 1994: 1987: 1984: 1983: 1976: 1969: 1954: 1946: 1945: 1939: 1933: 1932: 1926: 1917: 1908: 1899: 1890: 1881: 1872: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1829: 1820: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1803: 1793: 1791: 1787: 1782: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1771:Haeng Ung Lee 1762: 1760: 1756: 1748: 1744: 1741: 1737: 1736: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1717: 1711: 1709: 1706:In 1990, the 1704: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1685: 1682: 1676: 1671: 1666: 1660: 1654: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1636: 1622: 1619: 1610: 1599: 1593: 1582: 1578: 1577: 1576: 1567: 1565: 1557: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1520: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1500: 1494: 1483: 1479: 1462: 1459: 1454: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1443: 1440: 1434: 1417: 1414: 1410: 1398: 1387: 1384: 1380: 1379: 1372: 1366: 1354: 1348: 1330: 1324: 1313: 1310: 1309: 1308: 1300: 1291: 1286: 1277: 1269: 1260: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1249:Olympic Games 1246: 1241: 1239: 1235: 1230: 1226: 1221: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1206: 1204: 1199: 1193: 1187: 1181: 1176: 1166: 1163: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1144: 1139: 1134: 1129: 1124: 1118: 1111: 1105: 1103: 1098: 1092: 1085: 1079: 1072: 1066: 1061: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1002: 998: 996: 992: 987: 981: 979: 975: 971: 967: 965: 959: 955: 951: 944: 937: 927: 925: 921: 917: 912: 910: 906: 905:Olympic event 902: 897: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 870: 864: 859: 857: 853: 849: 844: 841: 840: 832: 830: 826: 822: 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 795: 789: 778: 768: 762: 657: 646: 640: 636: 634: 630: 626: 622: 620: 616: 612: 608: 606: 602: 594: 586: 584: 580: 572: 564: 562: 558: 553: 546: 542: 539: 537: 533: 530: 526: 524: 520: 517: 513: 511: 507: 503: 499: 494: 491: 487: 484: 480: 477: 474: 470: 466: 464: 460: 457: 453: 450: 446: 441: 437: 434: 430: 427:(South Korea) 426: 423: 421: 416: 412: 407: 396: 392: 390:Olympic sport 388: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 330: 326: 323: 319: 315: 313:Also known as 311: 307: 301: 296: 290: 282: 279: 264: 261: 253: 242: 239: 235: 232: 228: 225: 221: 218: 214: 211: – 210: 206: 205:Find sources: 199: 195: 189: 188: 183:This article 181: 177: 172: 171: 162: 159: 151: 141: 136: 132: 128: 127: 120: 111: 110: 105: 103: 96: 95: 90: 89: 84: 79: 70: 69: 64: 57: 40: 36: 32: 25: 20: 9396: 9289: 9285:Table tennis 9255:Rugby sevens 9228:Trampolining 9198:Field hockey 9186:Show jumping 9159:Road cycling 9132:Canoe sprint 9127:Canoe slalom 8955: 8900: 8854:Pencak silat 8830: 8785: 8728: 8564:Stage combat 8518:Mardani khel 8440:Jeet Kune Do 8398:Silat Melayu 8361:Pencak silat 8313:Self-defense 8255:Full contact 8242: 8230: 8177: 8168:Shoot boxing 8108:Chess boxing 8008:Malla-yuddha 7945:Punching bag 7935:Boxing glove 7792:Leg strikes 7771:Elbow strike 7757:Arm strikes 7612:Martial arts 7560:Song Deok-gi 7489:Kyeok Sul Do 7484:Kuk Sool Won 7428:Korean sword 7410:Melee weapon 7384: 7360:Moo Duk Kwan 7212: 7192: 7180:. 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Retrieved 5494:the original 5483: 5474: 5457: 5431: 5423: 5418: 5398: 5392:Moo Duk Kwan 5382: 5361: 5334: 5157:Self Defense 4992:Country Flag 4933:Master level 4833:Gat-eun bal 4444:Front Stance 4430:Ready stance 3923:Sonnaldeung 3815:Deungjumeog 3766:Middle punch 3605:By the count 3591:Look / Focus 3412: 3408: 3401: 3383:+75 kg 3369:−75 kg 3358:−75 kg 3344:−63 kg 3336:−61 kg 3325:−51 kg 3317:−60 kg 3272:+80 kg 3258:−90 kg 3247:−80 kg 3233:−71 kg 3225:−73 kg 3214:−57 kg 3206:−66 kg 3161:+73 kg 3156:−73 kg 3148:−67 kg 3140:−62 kg 3132:−57 kg 3124:−55 kg 3119:−53 kg 3111:−49 kg 3106:−49 kg 3098:−44 kg 3093:−46 kg 3062:+87 kg 3057:−87 kg 3052:−80 kg 3044:−78 kg 3039:−74 kg 3031:−68 kg 3023:−63 kg 3015:−58 kg 3007:−55 kg 3002:−51 kg 2997:−48 kg 2992:−54 kg 2961:+67 kg 2953:−67 kg 2945:−57 kg 2937:−49 kg 2906: 2894: 2859: 2815:(since 2009) 2799: 2780: 2768: 2756: 2753: 2749: 2740: 2705: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2625: 2621: 2605: 2580: 2575: 2561: 2550:Competitions 2519: 2515: 2506:biomechanics 2501: 2498: 2479: 2476: 2456: 2338: 2330: 2323: 2311: 2307: 2289: 2288:or formerly 2259: 2253: 2244: 2242: 2206: 2179: 2076: 2073: 2051: 2047: 2027: 1988: 1970: 1949: 1942: 1929: 1914: 1905: 1896: 1887: 1878: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1835:In 1972 the 1834: 1817:Choi Hong-hi 1806: 1783: 1778: 1768: 1758: 1754: 1752: 1746: 1739: 1733: 1724: 1720: 1714: 1712: 1705: 1700: 1697:Choi Hong-hi 1691: 1647: 1631: 1573: 1561: 1305: 1288: 1253:Pan Am Games 1242: 1222: 1217: 1210:North Korean 1207: 1172: 1113:"hand" with 1106: 1019:Choi Hong-hi 1011:Syngman Rhee 1008: 999: 982: 958:martial arts 950:World War II 947: 942: 913: 909:South Korean 893:. Gyeorugi ( 879:Choi Hong-hi 860: 848:combat sport 845: 833: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 805:combat sport 655: 654: 476:Combat sport 432:First played 393:Since 2000 ( 352:Choi Hong-hi 289: 274: 256: 247: 237: 230: 223: 216: 204: 192:Please help 187:verification 184: 154: 145: 138:Please help 134: 123: 99: 92: 86: 85:Please help 82: 38: 29:This is the 23: 8803:Asian Games 8688:World Games 8650:Greco-Roman 8470:Battlefield 8430:Chun Kuk Do 8373:Suffrajitsu 8183:Tang Soo Do 8058:Greco-Roman 7811:Knee strike 7728:Philippines 7479:Hwa Rang Do 7400:Yun Mu Kwan 7395:Tang Soo Do 7370:Soo Bahk Do 7350:Kong Soo Do 7307:Hapki yusul 7182:18 February 7152:18 February 7068:18 February 6900:The Gazette 6683:Tkd.otf.org 6540:"Han Mu Do" 6484:"Questions" 6350:January 25, 6336:"ITF Spain" 6290:January 25, 6280:itf-tkd.org 6155:21 November 6048:Lo, David. 5934:Lo, David. 5594:18 February 5436:Tang Soo Do 5404:Yun Mu Kwan 4886:Sabeom nim 4798:Double kick 4714:Oleun jjog 4701:Choe hadan 4513:Side Stance 4458:Back Stance 4403:Hangul (한글) 4365:Knee strike 4355:뒤 돌려 후려기 차기 4282:Yeop chagi 4058:il ji gwon 4022:Side punch 3942:Pliers hand 3928:Hammer fist 3910:Yeog su do 3708:Gong-gyeog 3641:Bal bakkwo 3633:Switch feet 3380:+75 kg 3377:+75 kg 3374:+70 kg 3366:−75 kg 3363:−70 kg 3355:−68 kg 3352:−69 kg 3349:−64 kg 3341:−58 kg 3333:−57 kg 3330:−52 kg 3322:−46 kg 3314:−54 kg 3311:−45 kg 3308:−40 kg 3269:+90 kg 3266:+85 kg 3263:+75 kg 3255:−85 kg 3252:−75 kg 3244:−80 kg 3241:−78 kg 3238:−69 kg 3230:−63 kg 3222:−64 kg 3219:−57 kg 3211:−51 kg 3203:−64 kg 3200:−50 kg 3197:−45 kg 3153:+68 kg 3145:−68 kg 3137:−63 kg 3129:−59 kg 3116:−52 kg 3103:−46 kg 3090:−42 kg 3049:+78 kg 3036:−73 kg 3028:−68 kg 3020:−63 kg 3012:−59 kg 2989:−45 kg 2958:+80 kg 2950:−80 kg 2942:−68 kg 2934:−58 kg 2890:Universiade 2870:Asian Games 2489:sam taegeuk 2372:Integrity ( 2282:(sometimes 2258:(sometimes 2249:in karate. 2159:are called 2135:are called 2111:are called 2087:are called 1928:A WT-style 1884:Hup Kwon Do 1644:Soo Bahk Do 1640:Tang Soo Do 1499:tteoreojigi 1087:"hand" and 1037:Tang Soo Do 920:Paralympics 779:: 769:: 536:World Games 338:South Korea 209:"Taekwondo" 148:August 2023 142:if you can. 9419:Categories 9305:Volleyball 9213:Gymnastics 9171:Equestrian 9144:BMX racing 9105:Basketball 9083:Water polo 8845:2018 Only 8706:Kickboxing 8460:Qwan Ki Do 8388:To-Shin Do 8318:combatives 8288:Pankration 8273:Kickboxing 8244:Xingyiquan 8232:Baguazhang 8198:Wudangquan 8128:Kickboxing 8023:Shuai jiao 7833:Joint lock 7750:techniques 7555:Sesok-ogye 7390:Tae Soo Do 7127:2016-04-30 7098:2015-06-13 7034:2012-01-26 6962:2017-10-02 6910:2013-05-06 6814:2007-08-11 6498:"Hanmoodo" 6262:B008UAO292 6233:2020-05-14 6205:B001GIOGL4 6092:2017-10-02 6034:2019-06-15 6009:2019-06-05 5980:2021-09-22 5880:2020-05-05 5850:2020-03-21 5767:2008-06-29 5728:2019-07-05 5627:2008-07-03 5449:References 5029:Gyeongnye 4905:Black Belt 4900:Gyosa nim 4811:Combo kick 4793:Ttwim-eul 4706:Right side 4678:Both hands 4664:Two handed 4533:交(叉/差)立姿勢 4386:Bit chagi 4334:Dwi chagi 4226:밖에서 안으로 차기 4213:안에서 밖으로 차기 4044:San maggi 4008:Side punch 3977:Batangson 3969:Palm heel 3964:Jang gwan 3950:Jibge son 3901:Ridge hand 3874:Spear hand 3807:Back fist 3775:Jung gwon 3572:Dwirodora 3505:Gyeonglye 2351:Courtesy ( 2335:Philosophy 2209:, Kukkiwon 2056:black belt 1893:Han Moo Do 1880:Capoeira. 1809:Jhoon Rhee 1537:discipline 1526:meditation 1522:Relaxation 1283:See also: 1023:Nam Tae-hi 968:opened in 934:See also: 827:(겨루기) and 625:t'aekwŏndo 523:Paralympic 371:Parenthood 220:newspapers 88:improve it 9425:Taekwondo 9397:See also: 9322:Wrestling 9300:Triathlon 9290:Taekwondo 9100:Badminton 9095:Athletics 8961:Wrestling 8956:Taekwondo 8906:Wrestling 8901:Taekwondo 8836:Wrestling 8831:Taekwondo 8791:Wrestling 8786:Taekwondo 8729:Taekwondo 8711:Muay Thai 8646:freestyle 8642:Wrestling 8637:Taekwondo 8513:Krav Maga 8425:Angampora 8393:Wing Chun 8351:Krav Maga 8341:Kajukenbo 8303:Vale Tudo 8178:Taekwondo 8143:Muay Thai 8133:Kun Khmer 8063:Mongolian 8053:freestyle 8033:Wrestling 7992:Para judo 7970:Grappling 7823:Grappling 7761:Chokehold 7691:Indonesia 7550:Muyesinbo 7385:Taekwondo 7355:Kyokushin 7284:Grappling 7207:, page 3. 6773:Tkd.co.uk 6082:BBC Sport 5840:151514066 5832:0952-3367 5698:15 August 5568:8 January 5532:8 January 5500:8 January 5424:taekwondo 5276:Gyeog pa 5206:Daelyeon 5192:Matseogi 5179:Gyeorugi 5166:Hosinsul 5061:Thank you 5048:Sit down! 5043:Mugnyeom 4825:Same foot 4727:Oen jjog 4719:Left side 4603:Hoengjin 4326:Back kick 4300:Hook kick 4274:Side kick 4239:앞 뻗어 올리 기 4179:Ap chagi 3995:Gooseneck 3955:Palm heel 3937:Gweon do 3896:Sonkkeut 3869:Jjileugi 3802:Gab gwon 3793:Back fist 3739:Punch/hit 3646:Dismissed 3450:Charyeot 3442:Attention 3071:WT Female 2917:Olympics 2239:, Finland 2201:sabum-nim 2189:kyosa-nim 1902:Han Mu Do 1769:In 1969, 1725:Chang Hon 1721:Chang Hon 1648:taekwondo 1541:etiquette 1530:breathing 1512:anaerobic 1017:officers 656:Taekwondo 611:taegwondo 555:Taekwondo 504:Worldwide 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