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1628:, symbolizing grandeur. The building appears to slightly change colour depending on the time of day and the weather. The white marble reflects varying hues—pinkish in the morning, milky white during the day, golden in the moonlight, and sometimes even a bluish hue under certain lighting conditions. This effect is due to the marble’s surface reacting to light and moisture, creating a magical and ever-changing visual experience. The sky has not only been incorporated in the design through the reflecting pools but also through the surface of the building itself. This is another way to imply the presence of
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version with similar red flowers and yellow plants with a more comprehensive epitaph reading "This is the illumined grave and sacred resting place of the emperor, dignified as Rizwan, residing in
Eternity, His Majesty, having his abode in Illiyun, Dweller in Paradise (Firdaus Ashiyani) , the Second Sahib-i Qiran, Shah Jahan, Padshah Ghazi ; may it be sanctified and may Paradise become his abode. He travelled from this world to the banquet hall of eternity on the night of the twenty-sixth of the month of Rajab, in the year one thousand and seventy-six Hijri ".
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laid with marble and an undecorated coved ceiling. The cenotaph of Mumtaz is located in the exact center of the chamber on a marble base of 1.5 by 2.5 metres (4 ft 11 in by 8 ft 2 in). Shah Jahan's cenotaph is situated on a larger base on the western side in an asymmetrical arrangement. On the top is a traditional sculpture of a small pen box denoting it as a male tomb. The cenotaphs are aligned north-south, with the head towards the north and the bodies were laid in on their sides with the face turned towards the west, facing
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two – one half is the white marble mausoleum itself and the gardens, and the other half is the red sandstone side, meant for worldly markets. Only the mausoleum is white so as to represent the enlightenment, spirituality and faith of Mumtaz Mahal. Koch has deciphered that symbolic of
Islamic teachings, the plan of the worldly side is a mirror image of the otherworldly side, and the grand gate in the middle represents the transition between the two worlds.
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wheels, turned by animals, to a tank that supplied an aqueduct which ran south carrying water up to the western wall before turning east. The water was later distributed throughout the garden through earthenware pipes embedded underground. The fountains in the central tank consisted of large vessels made of copper and inter-connected through copper pipes and the drop from the 9.47 m (31.1 ft) high walls created the necessary water for the fountains.
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775:(vaulted archway) with two similarly shaped arched balconies stacked on either side. This motif of archways is replicated on a smaller scale on the chamfered corner areas, making the design completely symmetrical. At the southern side of the platform, facing the garden, there are two flights of stairs on either side which are partly covered and provide the only access from ground level up to the mausoleum building.
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parts with balconies at the intersection of the portions. The towers are also surmounted by smaller chattris and incorporate the same design elements as the main dome with a finial. Steps lead to the top of the tower with rectangular openings below the domes providing light and air on the top. The minarets were designed similar to traditional elements of a mosque, which are used by the
1743:, governor-general of India in the 1830s, supposedly planned to demolish the Taj Mahal and auction off the marble. Bentinck's biographer John Rosselli says that the story arose from Bentinck's fund-raising sale of discarded marble from Agra Fort. Another myth suggests that beating the silhouette of the finial will cause water to come forth. To this day, officials find broken
1081:) border the cenotaphs and are made from eight marble panels carved through with intricate pierce work inlaid in delicate detail with semi-precious stones. The cenotaphs were originally covered by a screen made of gold on the occasion of the second anniversary of Mumtaz Mahal's death in 1633, which was later replaced by the marble screen in 1643.
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balance and harmony, and Shah Jahan applied that concept in the making of the Taj Mahal. Additionally, the plan is aligned in the cardinal north–south direction and the corners have been placed so that when seen from the centre of the plan, the sun can be seen rising and setting on the north and south corners on the summer and winter
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1058:. The square cells which are reached through separate doors were probably originally used for visitors and Qur'an reciters as a place to rest. Staircases lead from the ground floor to the roof level, where there are corridors between the central hall and the two corner rooms in the south with a system of ventilation shafts.
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637:, Shah Jahan did not show the same level of affection for others as he had shown Mumtaz while she was alive. After her death, he avoided royal affairs for a week due to his grief and gave up listening to music and lavish dressing for two years. Shah Jahan was enamored by the beauty of the land at the south side of
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seeming to support the argument were, however, proven false after excavations carried out in the 1990s found that they were discolored white stones that had turned black. A more credible theory for the origins of the black mausoleum was demonstrated in 2006 by archaeologists who reconstructed part of
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and
Italian artisans were employed. Workmen constructed a colossal brick scaffold that mirrored the tomb rather than wooden scaffolds. A 15 km (9.3 mi) long earthern ramp was built to transport marble and materials to the construction site, hauled on specially constructed wagons by teams of
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The tomb complex was built mainly using brick and lime mortar. The external surface of the main tomb building and the interior of the main cenotaph chamber is veneered with white marble. The other interior surfaces and other accessory buildings are lined with red sandstone coated with a red octet for
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flowers reads "This is the sacred grave of His Most
Exalted Majesty, Dweller in Paradise (Firdaus Ashiyani), Second Lord of the Auspicious. Conjunction (Sahib-i Qiran-i Sani), Shah Jahan, Padshah; may it ever be fragrant! The year 1076 ". The original cenotaph of Shah Jahan is a more simply decorated
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flank the tomb building, one at each corner of the plinth facing the chamfered corners. The four minarets, which are each more than 40 metres (130 ft) tall, are symmetrically arranged on the corners facing the chamfered corners of the main building. Each minaret is composed of three almost equal
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The planning and structure of the Taj Mahal, from the building itself to the gardens and beyond, is symbolic of Mumtaz Mahal's mansion in the garden of
Paradise. The concept of gardens of paradise is extended into the building of the mausoleum as well. The structure is decorated with colorful relief
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in exchange for a large palace in the centre of Agra. The building was commissioned in 1631, and construction commenced in 1632. An area of roughly 1.2 hectares (3 acres) was excavated, filled with dirt to reduce seepage, and levelled at 50 metres (160 ft) above the riverbank level. In the tomb
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typical of Hindu temples, adorned with domed cuppola like chattris and smaller structures like the Music House interspersed between them. The main gateway, primarily built of marble, mirrors the tomb's architecture and incorporates intricate decorations like bas-relief and pietra dura inlays. At the
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The calligraphy found on the marble cenotaphs in the tomb is particularly detailed and delicate. While the cenotaphs are similar to the ones from the Mughal era, no other tombs from the era were adorned with such an exquisite decoration. On Mumtaz's sarcophagus on the top, the decoration consists of
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Situated within the screen in the upper main chamber are the likenesses of the tombs of Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan with the actual burials done below in the lower tomb chamber. From the southern main entrance room, a stairway leads to the lower tomb chamber which is rectangular in shape with walls
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inlays define the space between the adjoining elements. White inlays are used in sandstone buildings, and dark or black inlays on the white marbles. Contrasting colors have been used to create a complex array of different geometric patterns across the mortared areas of the buildings. The floors and
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Construction of the mausoleum was completed in 1648, but work continued on other phases of the project for another five years. The first ceremony held at the mausoleum was an observance by Shah Jahan, on 6 February 1643, of the 12th anniversary of the death of Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal complex is
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1,100. Visitors are allowed through three gates and as polluting vehicles are not allowed near the complex, tourists must either walk or take electric buses from the designated parking areas. The complex is open on all days except on Friday from one hour before sunrise to 45 minutes before sunset.
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attacked the Taj Mahal while invading Agra and took away two chandeliers, one of agate and another of silver, which had hung over the main cenotaph and the gold and silver screen. Kanbo, a Mughal historian, said the gold shield which covered the 4.6-metre-high (15 ft) finial at the top of the
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The water supply for the gardens were derived from the Yamuna River, where a water channel transported the water into an underground reservoir along the eastern wall of a storage building containing multiple storage tanks. The water from the reservoir was lifted by means of a system of pulleys and
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or black marble inlaid in white marble panels. Higher panels are written with slightly larger script to reduce the skewing effect when viewed from below. The calligraphy on the southern gate roughly translates to "O Soul, thou art at rest. Return to the Lord at peace with Him, and He at peace with
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When the structure was partially completed, the first ceremony was held at the mausoleum by Shah Jahan on 6 February 1643, of the 12th anniversary of the death of Mumtaz Mahal. Construction of the mausoleum was completed in 1648, but work continued on other phases of the project for another five
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screens are fitted which transmit light from the exterior to the interior of the main chamber. Except the south side, other three sides consist of an open elongated room flanked by two square cells covered with decorated ceilings set on the platform. The central room has arched openings on three
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Along with being a renowned symbol of love, the Taj Mahal is also a symbol of Shah Jahan's wealth and power, and the fact that the empire had prospered under his rule. Bilateral symmetry, dominated by a central axis, has historically been used by rulers as a symbol of a ruling force that brings
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Concerns for the tomb's structural integrity have recently been raised because of a decline in the groundwater level in the Yamuna river basin, with cracks appearing in parts of the tomb in 2010 and the minarets surrounding the monument showing signs of tilting. Minor damage was reported due to
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No concrete evidence exists for claims that describe, often in horrific detail, the deaths, dismemberment and mutilations which Shah Jahan supposedly inflicted on various architects and craftsmen associated with the tomb. Some stories claim that those involved in construction signed contracts
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in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage". It is regarded as one of the best examples of Mughal architecture and a symbol of Indian history. The Taj Mahal is a major tourist attraction and attracts more than five million visitors a year. In 2007, it was
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The Taj Mahal is a major tourist attraction and attracts a large number of domestic and foreign visitors. About five million visitors visited Taj Mahal in the financial year 2022–23. A three-tier pricing system is in place, with a significantly lower entrance fee for Indian citizens and more
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According to Ebba Koch, art historian and international expert in the understanding and interpretation of Mughal architecture and the Taj Mahal, the planning of the entire compound symbolises earthly life and the afterlife, a subset of the symbolisation of the divine. The plan was split into
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Le Tadj Mahal d'Agra (Inde), histoire et description comprenant en appendice le texte d'un ms. persan sur le Tadj provenant de la
Bibliothèque nationale à Paris: thèse pour le doctorat d'Université présentée à la Faculté des lettres de l'Université de Paris, par Muhammad Abdulla
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Ever since its construction, the building has been the source of an admiration transcending culture and geography, and so personal and emotional responses have consistently eclipsed scholastic appraisals of the monument. A longstanding myth holds that Shah Jahan planned a
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Several myths, none of which are supported by the archaeological record, have appeared asserting that people other than Shah Jahan and the original architects were responsible for the construction of the Taj Mahal. For instance, in 2000, India's
Supreme Court dismissed
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patterns. The plinth is differentiated from the paved surface of the main platform by a interlocking pattern of octagonal white marble pieces set into four pointed stars made of red sandstone, surrounded by a border. The building has many lattice windows or
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red sandstone walls on three sides, with the side facing the Yamuna river left open. Outside the complex walls, there are other mausoleums dedicated to Shah Jahan's other wives, royals and favorite servants. The inner sides of the walls feature columned
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fruits, buds and flower blossoms inlaid with Qur'anic inscriptions with the epitaph reading "The illumined grave of
Arjumand Bano Begam, entided Mumtaz Mahal, who died in the year 1631". The original tomb in the lower level is largely undecorated, with
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wrote a letter to his father about the tomb, the mosque and the assembly hall of the complex developing extensive leaks during the previous rainy season. In 1658, Shah Jahan was deposed by
Aurangzeb and put under house arrest at the nearby
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placed at its corners, which replicate the onion shape of the main dome. The smaller domes are supported by columns which stand on the top of the main structure and help bring light to the interior of the building. Tall spires called
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Another such unsupported theory, that the Taj Mahal was designed by an
Italian, Geronimo Vereneo, held sway for a brief period after it was first promoted by Henry George Keene in 1879. Keene went by a translation of a Spanish work,
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was used for other buildings in the complex similar to the Mughal era buildings of the time. The entire complex sits on platform measuring 300 metres (980 ft) in length and 8.7 metres (28.5 ft) in height on the banks of
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Due to the global attention that it has received and the millions of visitors it attracts, the Taj Mahal has become a prominent image that is associated with India, and in this way has become a symbol of India itself.
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was used for other buildings in the complex similar to the Mughal era buildings of the time. The construction project employed more than 20,000 workers and artisans under the guidance of a board of architects led by
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storms on 11 April 2018 and 31 May 2020. In the late 2020s, the Government of India has undertaken various restoration measures, including placing mud packs to restore the white color and replacing broken marble.
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The imperial court documenting Shah Jahan's grief after the death of Mumtaz Mahal illustrates the love story held as the inspiration for the Taj Mahal. According to contemporary historians Muhammad Amin Qazvini,
440:; it also houses the tomb of Shah Jahan himself. The tomb is the centrepiece of a 17-hectare (42-acre) complex, which includes a mosque and a guest house, and is set in formal gardens bounded on three sides by a
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1755:'s petition to declare that a Hindu king built the Taj Mahal. In 2005, a similar petition brought by Amar Nath Mishra, a social worker and preacher claiming that the Taj Mahal was built by the Hindu king
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or flowerbeds. The garden is surrounded by a walkway connecting all the quadrants. Halfway between the tomb and gateway in the centre of the garden is a raised marble water tank with five fountains and a
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to call for prayer. The minarets were constructed slightly oriented towards the outside of the plinth so that in the event of collapse, the material from the towers would tend to fall away from the tomb.
1730:, a European traveler and gem merchant, who visited Agra in 1665. It was suggested that his son Aurangzeb overthrew Shah Jahan before it could be built. Ruins of blackened marble across the river in the
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ordered a restoration project, which was completed in 1908. He also commissioned the large lamp in the interior chamber and replaced the gardens with European-style lawns that are still in place today.
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The external surfaces of the building are decorated with a number of delicate relief art adorned with various precious and semi-previous stones. The decorative elements were created by applying paint,
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1222:. In the north-western quadrant, is a place that marks the site where Mumtaz Mahal was first buried, before her body was moved to its final resting place inside the main chamber of the mausoleum.
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sits on a 12-metre (39 ft) high cylindrical drum with an inner diameter of 18.4 metres (60 ft). The dome is slightly asymmetrical and is topped by a 9.6-metre (31 ft) high gilded
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1585:, in 1997 the Indian government set up the "Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ)", a 10,400-square-kilometre (4,000 sq mi) area around the monument where strict emissions standards are in place.
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The main inner chamber is an octagon with 7.3-metre (24 ft) sides, with the design allowing for entry from each face with the main door facing the garden to the south. Two tiers of eight
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based on the work of Jean-Baptiste Tavernier. These ideas were revived by Father Hosten and discussed again by E. B. Havell and served as the basis for subsequent theories and controversies.
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that there was no evidence that it was ever a temple. In August 2017, the Archaeological Survey of India declared that there was no evidence to suggest the monument ever housed a temple.
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inscribed on the side. The false cenotaph of Shah Jahan has similar decorations and is covered with flowers and other scroll work without any inscriptions. The epitaph surrounded by red
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the pool in the Mehtab Bagh. A dark reflection of the white mausoleum could clearly be seen, befitting Shah Jahan's obsession with symmetry and the positioning of the pool itself.
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1245:) with four rivers flowing from a central spring or mountain, separating the garden into north, west, south and east. While most gardens of the era are rectangular with a tomb or
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1337:, a structure to provide architectural symmetry. The mosque's design resembles others built during the era and the jawab has floors with inlaid patterns while lacking a mihrab.
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arches are located along the walls, similar to the exterior. The four central upper arches form balconies or viewing areas, and each balcony's exterior window has an intricate
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990:, who was conferred the title of "Amanat Khan" by Shah Jahan. At the base of the interior dome is the inscription, "Written by the insignificant being, Amanat Khan Shirazi".
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suggest that both gardens may have been designed by the same architect, Ali Mardan. Early accounts of the garden describe its profusion of vegetation, including abundant
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and markets to serve the needs of visitors and workers. Lists of recommended travel destinations often feature the Taj Mahal, which also appears in several listings of
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plan of the site. The building complex employs symmetrical constructions with the usage of various shapes and symbols. While the mausoleum is constructed of white
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900:, stone inlays or carvings. In line with the Islamic prohibition against the use of anthropomorphic forms, the decorative elements can be grouped into either
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depictions of nature and plant based elements. The marble has been polished to emphasise the exquisite detailing of the carvings and the frames and archway
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It is believed that more than 20,000 artisans, labourers, painters and others were involved in the construction of the building. Specialist sculptors from
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from where he could see the Taj Mahal. Upon Shah Jahan's death in 1666, Aurangzeb buried him in the mausoleum next to his wife. In the 18th century, the
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The mausoleum building is the central structure of the entire complex. It is a white marble structure standing on a 6-metre (20 ft) high square
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625:. Construction started in 1632, and the mausoleum was completed in 1648, while the surrounding buildings and garden were finished five years later.
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The interior walls are about 25 metres (82 ft) high and are topped by a "false" interior dome decorated with a sun motif. The inlay work is a
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1763:. Several court cases and statements by right-wing politicians about Taj Mahal being a Hindu temple have been inspired by P. N. Oak's 1989 book
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pulley system was used to raise the blocks into the desired position. Water was drawn from the river by a series of an animal-powered devices.
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569:), meaning the illumined or illustrious tomb. The name "Taj" might have been derived from the corruption of the second syllable of "Mumtaz".
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in the centre, the Taj gardens is unusual in that the main element, the tomb, is located at the end of the garden. With the discovery of
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extend from edges of walls which serve as decorative elements. The main and the smaller domes are decorated with a design resembling a
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The land on which the Taj Mahal is situated was present to the south of the walled city of Agra which was given to Shah Jahan by Raja
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years. The Taj Mahal complex is believed to have been completed in its entirety in 1653 at a cost estimated at the time to be around
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far end of the complex stand two similar buildings built of red sandstone, one of which is designated as a mosque and the other as a
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473:. It employs symmetrical constructions with the usage of various shapes and symbols. While the mausoleum is constructed of white
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2000, Appendix 2 Nominal Wage, Cost of Living and Real Wage Data for India 1873-1939 and Land Prices for the Punjab 1871-1939,
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has hypothesised that the Yamuna river itself was incorporated into the garden's design and was meant to be seen as one of the
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in Uttar Pradesh. Many precious and semi-precious stones, used for decoration, were imported from across the world, including
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corners forming an eight-sided structure that is approximately 57.3 metres (188 ft) long on each of the four long sides.
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assumed management of the gardens, they changed the landscaping to resemble the formal lawns of London in the 19th century.
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stood. He chose the place for the construction of Mumtaz's tomb after which Jai Singh agreed to donate it to the emperor.
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827:. The intermediate zone between the drum and the dome is supplanted by a ornamental moulding with a twisted rope design.
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4200:"BJP's Vinay Katiyar now calls Taj Mahal a Hindu temple – a 'bee in bonnet' theory that Supreme Court once rejected"
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The predominant feature of the mausoleum is the 23-metre (75 ft) high marble dome that surmounts the tomb. The
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with sides measuring 95.5 metres (313 ft) in length. The base structure is a large multi-chambered cube with
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positioned on a north–south axis to reflect the image of the mausoleum. The elevated marble water tank is called
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Taj Mahal: The Illumined Tomb : an Anthology of Seventeenth-century Mughal and European Documentary Sources
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Taj Mahal: The Illumined Tomb : an Anthology of Seventeenth-century Mughal and European Documentary Sources
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Moinifar, Heshmat H. (2013). "Taj Mahal as a Mirror of Multiculturalism and Architectural Diversity in India".
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By the late 19th century, parts of the buildings had fallen into disrepair. At the end of the century, British
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Writing Self, Writing Empire: Chandar Bhan Brahman and the Cultural World of the Indo-Persian State Secretary
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The small town to the south of the Taj, known as Taj Ganji or Mumtazabad, was initially constructed with
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1201:) into four quadrants with further raised pathways that divide each of the four-quarters into 16 sunken
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believed to have been completed in its entirety in 1653 at a cost estimated at the time to be around
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The complex is open for limited night viewing on the day of the full moon, excluding the month of
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committing themselves to have no part in any similar design. No evidence exists for claims that
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1787:). Another theory, that a Frenchman named Austin of Bordeaux designed the Taj, was promoted by
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Although her death was on 17 June 1631, the corresponding date on the Muslim calendar was 17
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Koch, Ebba (March 2005). "The Taj Mahal: Architecture, Symbolism, and Urban Significance".
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of Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan, while the real ones are in the basement. Perforated marble
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The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement
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1429:. In all, 28 types of precious and semi-precious stone were inlaid into the white marble.
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6454:
6423:
5798:
5755:
5717:
5387:
5297:
5260:
5141:
5137:
5132:
3758:
3728:
3698:
2778:
2658:
2568:
2362:
2279:
2217:
1979:
1836:
1552:
676:
470:
254:
162:
140:
5197:
1599:
Origins and architecture of the Taj Mahal § Concepts, symbolism and interpretations
1065:
of precious and semiprecious gemstones. Each chamber wall is highly decorated with dado
856:
7438:
7057:
6847:
6786:
6756:
6691:
6583:
6433:
6403:
6368:
5423:
5220:
4964:
4911:
4850:
4836:
4807:
4696:
4459:
4172:
3570:
3028:
2745:
1258:
736:
630:
582:
539:
487:
130:
4333:
3998:
3724:
3694:
1111:
The actual sarcophagi of Mumtaz Mahal (right) and Shah Jahan (left) in the lower level
7319:
7140:
7135:
7115:
7082:
6960:
6888:
6827:
6781:
6776:
6746:
6701:
5646:
5608:
5341:
5112:
5093:
5072:
5029:
Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina (November 2013). "The Gardens of Taj Mahal and the Sun".
4992:
4971:
4876:
4857:
4767:
4666:
4633:
4553:
4522:
4499:
4415:
4385:
4337:
4299:
3838:
3475:
3421:
2994:
2970:
2909:
2713:
2654:
2358:
1772:
986:
you." The calligraphy on the buildings were believed to have been created in 1609 by
700:
3271:
7120:
7110:
6945:
6857:
6832:
6802:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6696:
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5893:
5593:
4828:
4799:
4576:
4491:
4451:
4442:
4329:
1578:
1566:
in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage".
936:
877:
728:. The platform is built with varying patterns of dark and light colored sandstone.
523:
306:
7309:
7233:
7218:
7208:
7171:
7105:
7067:
6950:
6925:
6686:
6558:
6543:
6449:
6388:
6325:
6311:
6093:
6058:
5853:
5699:
5444:
5325:
5127:
5087:
5066:
4986:
4790:
Koch, Ebba (1997). "Mughal Palace Gardens from Babur to Shah Jahan (1526–1648)".
4761:
4660:
4547:
4379:
4293:
4140:
2903:
1723:
1509:
1381:
protection, excluding the exterior surfaces of domes. The white marble came from
1238:
1230:
1226:
1207:
680:
6608:
5512:
2275:
1377:
of the tomb. The platform above the ground was constructed of brick and mortar.
1089:
7468:
7314:
7304:
7279:
7248:
7161:
6915:
6837:
6812:
6671:
6628:
6413:
6373:
6353:
6265:
6063:
6038:
5883:
5783:
5636:
5361:
5305:
5273:
2564:
1644:
1454:
1386:
1277:. As the Mughal Empire declined, the gardens were not maintained, and when the
1143:
1054:
filled with panes of glass and a small rectangular window cut into the central
4832:
4689:
A Handbook to Agra and the Taj, Sikandra, Fatehpur-Sikri and the Neighbourhood
4580:
3754:
2774:
2048:
1713:
Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, one of the first European writers about the Taj Mahal
7432:
7335:
7223:
6633:
6533:
6398:
6393:
6378:
6317:
6174:
5997:
5977:
5920:
5810:
5551:
5418:
5356:
4515:
4341:
2429:
2021:: Dehkhoda Lexicon Institute & International Center for Persian Studies (
1686:
1682:, the site instituted fines for visitors who stayed longer than three hours.
1488:
1194:
940:
810:
684:
622:
422:
418:
205:
76:
63:
2399:
7397:
7392:
7243:
7062:
7019:
6905:
6898:
6883:
6548:
6523:
6418:
6383:
6229:
6224:
6149:
6129:
6124:
6119:
5873:
5858:
5828:
5667:
5603:
5501:
5470:
5454:
5428:
3536:"The Taj Mahal Is Changing Color. That Has India's Highest Court Concerned"
3139:
1895:
1891:
1822:
1808:
1653:
expensive ones for foreigners. As of 2024, the fee for Indian citizens was
1555:
of 1965 and 1971, scaffolding was again erected to mislead bomber pilots.
1463:
1406:
949:
842:
725:
618:
604:
556:
450:
437:
120:
5288:
2805:"Are there rivers that originate/come from Paradise? | Questions on Islam"
1709:
1527:
7294:
7203:
7014:
6965:
6930:
6553:
6538:
6528:
6518:
6513:
6239:
6169:
6083:
5910:
5888:
5878:
5732:
5623:
5449:
5382:
5346:
5310:
4936:"Another court petition challenges Taj Mahal's story as a symbol of love"
4204:
3602:
3448:
3386:
3034:
Real Wages and Relative Factor Prices in the Third World 1820-1940: Asia.
2991:
World Architecture and Society: From Stonehenge to One World Trade Center
1731:
1679:
1603:
1563:
1536:
1520:
1449:
1445:
1410:
1369:
1324:
1310:
1278:
1250:
1179:
1096:
966:
917:
901:
890:
653:
642:
544:
498:
441:
4840:
3057:
International Historical Statistics, Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750-1993
621:, who died on 17 June that year while giving birth to their 14th child,
7324:
7289:
7269:
6975:
6910:
6638:
6563:
6508:
6408:
6358:
6214:
5946:
5820:
5772:
5579:
5413:
4811:
4463:
2259:. Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture. pp. 13–14, 22, 41–43.
1726:
across the Yamuna river. The idea originates from fanciful writings of
1274:
1070:
1066:
909:
820:
790:
688:
614:
588:
426:
4136:"Is Taj Mahal a mausoleum or a Shiva temple? CIC asks govt to clarify"
37:
7387:
7284:
7009:
6970:
6363:
6260:
6244:
6154:
6139:
6098:
6073:
6043:
5868:
5848:
5631:
5496:
5392:
5268:
5187:
4966:
Lord William Bentinck: The Making of a Liberal Imperialist, 1774–1839
4084:
1927:
1756:
1752:
1719:
1607:
Taj Mahal has become a prominent image that is associated with India.
1574:
1551:
has been responsible for the maintenance of the monument. During the
1501:
1496:
1483:
1422:
1418:
1398:
1187:
The complex is set around a large 300 m (3,200 sq ft)
987:
974:
849:
in the early 19th century. The finial is topped by a moon, a typical
799:
769:. Each side of the iwan is framed with a 33-metre (108 ft) high
720:
692:
482:
406:
275:
4803:
4455:
4435:"The Myth of the Taj Mahal and a New Theory of Its Symbolic Meaning"
3067:
London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998, and
657:
The Taj Mahal complex is situated on a platform on the banks of the
7024:
6878:
6428:
6348:
6234:
6219:
6209:
6194:
6179:
6164:
6159:
6144:
6053:
6048:
6018:
5672:
3598:"Taj Mahal to undergo major restoration, 400 stones to be replaced"
2008:
1617:
1577:
and pollution affecting the Yamuna River including the presence of
1414:
1270:
1246:
1219:
1215:
1202:
1189:
1062:
1010:
920:
inlays of stylised geometric pattern of vines, flowers and fruits.
913:
865:
832:
704:
3566:"For 1st time, Taj Mahal's main dome to get mud pack for 6 months"
2121:. Vol. 49–50. Johnson Reprint Corporation. 1975. p. 195.
6940:
6338:
6189:
6088:
6078:
6028:
5598:
1675:
1662:
1517:
1433:
1394:
1382:
1105:
1099:
of Mumtaz Mahal (right) and Shah Jahan (left) in the main chamber
978:
932:
882:
870:
771:
753:
741:
4411:
World Heritage Monuments and Related Edifices in India, Volume 1
3870:"Melania Trump next in long line of first ladies to visit India"
3382:"Supreme Court raps Government for its apathy towards Taj Mahal"
1373:
area, piles were dug and filled with lime and stone to form the
1253:("Moonlight Garden") on the other side of the Yamuna river, the
931:
The domes and vaults of the sandstone buildings are worked with
6935:
6199:
6068:
5905:
5722:
5569:
5191:
3071:
London : Macmillan ; New York : Stockton, 1998,
2018:
1744:
1690:
1569:
Since the late 20th century, the monument has been affected by
1539:
to disguise the building in anticipation of air attacks by the
1441:
1426:
1242:
982:
963:
897:
846:
824:
766:
749:
712:
671:
The Taj Mahal incorporates and expands on design traditions of
658:
597:
519:
474:
410:
403:
5170:
4549:
World architecture: an illustrated history from earliest times
2474:
1830:
1218:. Elsewhere, the garden is laid out with avenues of trees and
740:
The eight sided main structure with large arched doorways and
353:
172:
7382:
6499:
6343:
6333:
6204:
6184:
5992:
5762:
3900:"Trudeau, with family in tow, visits India's famed Taj Mahal"
3099:
2254:
1658:
1629:
1437:
1402:
1234:
1167:
1131:
1120:
905:
806:
696:
550:
350:
335:
315:
4251:"Taj Mahal dropped from tourism booklet by state government"
1003:
948:
or blocks with contrasting colors and consisting of various
6920:
6023:
5252:
3069:
International Historical Statistics, The Americas 1750-1993
3048:
2187:
2185:
1390:
1266:
1158:
1026:
1018:
970:
955:
945:
886:
761:
638:
515:
465:
The building complex incorporates the design traditions of
414:
326:
48:
4852:
The Complete Taj Mahal: And the Riverfront Gardens of Agra
4681:
Indian Architecture: Its Psychology, Structure and History
3170:"Taj Mahal – The Symbol of Love – Shah Jahan Mumtaz Mahal"
3051:, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,
2322:
318:
6033:
4892:"Tables with inlay work enhance appeal of your interiors"
3663:
3104:. Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture. p. 175.
3100:
Edison Begley, Wayne; Abdul Hayy Desai, Ziauddin (1989).
2255:
Edison Begley, Wayne; Abdul Hayy Desai, Ziauddin (1989).
1932:
UNESCO Culture World Heritage Centre, World Heritage List
1505:
1261:. Similarities in layout and architectural features with
5250:
3108:
2689:
2622:
2620:
2486:
2182:
1861:
List of tallest structures built before the 20th century
1581:, have contributed to the same. After directives by the
1513:
main dome was also removed during the Jat despoliation.
1385:
in Rajasthan, while the red sandstone was quarried from
904:, abstract forms or vegetative motifs. The white marble
4486:
Bloom, Jonathan M.; Blair, Sheila S. (1 January 2009).
4048:
3789:
3675:
3622:
3294:
2298:
2146:
2144:
4488:
The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture
4315:"On the symmetry of the central dome of the Taj Mahal"
4038:
4036:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3314:"The Taj Mahal is falling victim to chronic pollution"
3192:
2883:
2236:
2097:
1898:
1052 AH was 6 February 1643 on the Gregorian calendar.
5723:
Moidams – the Mound-Burial System of the Ahom Dynasty
4381:
Islam Today: A Short Introduction to the Muslim World
4224:
3065:
International Historical Statistics, Europe 1750-1993
2946:
2746:"The plants growing throughout the Taj Mahal complex"
2617:
2498:
2310:
1950:
1620:
respectively. This makes the Taj a symbolic horizon.
1467:
5 million, which in 2023 would be approximately
830:
The main dome is surrounded by four smaller domes or
454:
5 million, which in 2023 would be approximately
362:
344:
309:
5911:
Rani-ki-Vav (the Queen's Stepwell) at Patan, Gujarat
4021:
3634:
2835:
2726:
2677:
2141:
1798:
1214:
in reference to the "Tank of Abundance" promised to
347:
338:
312:
4712:"Now, pay fine if you spend more than 3 hrs at Taj"
4269:"Taj Mahal part of an ancient temple: UP BJP chief"
4116:
4060:
4033:
3965:
3953:
3777:
3646:
2871:
2859:
2545:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2200:
1183:
Walkways beside the reflecting pool and the gardens
765:(arch-shaped doorways), topped by a large dome and
332:
329:
323:
4963:
4849:
4567:Dixon, Jack S. (1987). "The Veroneo controversy".
4514:
4249:
3839:"Trump to Diana: The most iconic Taj Mahal photos"
3332:
2823:
1624:and semi-precious stones using a technique called
421:, India. It was commissioned in 1631 by the fifth
5926:Victorian Gothic and Art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai
5542:
4403:(First ed.). Cambridge: S. Chand, 288 pages.
4369:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
3120:
1785:The Travels of Fray Sebastian Manrique, 1629–1643
7430:
5784:Kakatiya Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple, Telangana
4569:The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History
2934:
2847:
2197:
977:. Much of the calligraphy is composed of florid
5663:Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks
5642:Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area
4104:
3242:"Taj Mahal's history of repair and restoration"
2969:. Historical Research Documentation Programme.
1364:Animation showing the construction of Taj Mahal
617:in 1631, to be built in the memory of his wife
7365:
4737:"India: Pollution turning the Taj Mahal brown"
2529:. Islamic Arts and Architecture Organization.
1316:The western building, a mosque, faces the tomb
1237:, the first Mughal emperor and symbolises the
1197:. The garden is divided by two main walkways (
1045:. The inner wall is open along the axes where
7351:
6297:
5962:
5528:
5236:
1573:which has turned the Taj Mahal yellow-brown.
560:
3007:
5751:Brihadisvara Temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram
4898:. Archived from the original on 29 May 2016
4734:
4545:
4312:
3476:"India Taj Mahal minarets damaged in storm"
3300:
2480:
2328:
1669:540 and for other foreign tourists, it was
1558:In 1983, the Taj Mahal was designated as a
759:The building has four identical sides with
387:
7459:Buildings and structures completed in 1654
7358:
7344:
6304:
6290:
5969:
5955:
5535:
5521:
5243:
5229:
5028:
4785:. Oakland: University of California Press.
4701:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4485:
3809:"New Seven Wonders of the World announced"
3669:
2492:
679:. Inspirations for the building came from
648:
7449:1650s establishments in the Mughal Empire
5599:Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara
5085:
5064:
4658:
4407:
4247:
3628:
3114:
2769:
2767:
2695:
2504:
2400:"World Heritage Sites – Agra – Taj Mahal"
2103:
667:Origins and architecture of the Taj Mahal
436:) to house the tomb of his beloved wife,
150:4.84 million (in Apr'22-Feb'23)
6497:
5976:
4958:
4924:
4889:
4625:
4535:
4054:
3681:
3198:
3079:Historic inflation India – CPI inflation
3063: ; New York : Stockton, 1998,
2889:
2683:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2304:
2242:
1956:
1922:
1920:
1708:
1643:
1602:
1526:
1482:
1344:
1178:
922:
876:
855:
735:
699:, progenitor of the Mughal dynasty) and
652:
518:origin, and believed to be derived from
4933:
4856:(First ed.). Thames & Hudson.
4709:
4512:
4122:
4080:"Plea to rewrite Taj history dismissed"
3867:
3783:
3506:"Deadly thunderstorm damages Taj Mahal"
3053:Economic Outlook. Historical Statistics
2967:Art & Architecture of the Taj Mahal
2952:
2707:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2270:
2268:
2266:
7431:
5834:Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park
5125:
5065:Tillotson, Giles Henry Rupert (1990).
5009:
4984:
4870:
4759:
4686:
4587:
4541:(Thesis). Éditions de la Connaissance.
4432:
4401:The Cambridge Shorter History of India
4313:Ahuja, Dilip R.; Rajani, M.B. (2016).
4027:
3928:
3717:
3338:
2877:
2829:
2811:from the original on 26 September 2019
2764:
2732:
2626:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2191:
1967:
1965:
1531:Protective wartime scaffolding in 1942
959:with interlocking hexagonal patterns.
7339:
6285:
5950:
5594:Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya
5516:
5224:
5106:
5037:
5005:from the original on 13 October 2015.
4890:Malaviya, Nalini S. (19 March 2004).
4780:
4566:
4398:
4377:
4291:
4248:Ahluwalia, Ravneet (3 October 2017).
4230:
4180:from the original on 29 December 2019
4148:from the original on 15 November 2018
3941:from the original on 28 November 2021
3880:from the original on 24 February 2020
3849:from the original on 25 February 2020
3640:
3546:from the original on 12 December 2023
3126:
2841:
2632:
2334:
2150:
1917:
1323:The Taj Mahal complex is enclosed by
1288:
939:to create elaborate geometric forms.
641:on which a mansion belonging to Raja
381:
5668:Qutub Minar and its Monuments, Delhi
5208:from the original on 4 February 2015
5148:from the original on 29 January 2015
5052:from the original on 17 January 2016
4847:
4818:
4789:
4747:from the original on 4 February 2015
4735:Jayalakshmi, K. (11 December 2014).
4612:
4496:10.1093/acref/9780195309911.001.0001
4279:from the original on 8 December 2014
4212:from the original on 19 October 2017
4168:"What is Tejo Mahalaya controversy?"
4066:
4042:
3985:Warrior Empire: The Mughals of India
3971:
3959:
3931:"Taj Mahal posers through the years"
3910:from the original on 9 November 2020
3795:
3657:
3486:from the original on 25 January 2019
3150:from the original on 5 November 2021
3022:Prices and Wages in India, 1595-1930
2964:
2940:
2901:
2865:
2853:
2665:from the original on 14 January 2024
2575:from the original on 14 January 2024
2551:
2510:
2417:
2369:from the original on 1 December 2023
2316:
2286:from the original on 14 January 2024
2263:
2224:from the original on 14 January 2024
2170:from the original on 13 October 2017
2059:from the original on 21 January 2021
2007:
1989:from the original on 21 January 2024
1894:1040 AH; the 12th anniversary on 17
5768:Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram
5476:National Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary
4991:. India: Lorenz Educational Press.
4536:Chaghtai, Muhammad Abdulla (1938).
4408:Alī Jāvīd, Tabassum Javeed (2008).
4266:
4110:
3578:from the original on 21 August 2022
3362:from the original on 12 August 2020
3252:from the original on 18 August 2018
2785:from the original on 4 October 2023
2381:
2137:. Vol. 149. 1869. p. 146.
1962:
1938:from the original on 27 August 2016
1697:of the modern world, including the
1495:In December 1652, Shah Jahan's son
962:The gateway arches are bordered by
561:
13:
4970:. University of California Press.
4927:Journal of Subcontinent Researches
4613:Dunn, Jerry Camarillo Jr. (2007).
4428:from the original on 3 March 2018.
4240:
3868:Bennett, Kate (21 February 2020).
3765:from the original on 18 March 2024
3735:from the original on 21 March 2024
3456:from the original on 12 April 2023
3282:from the original on 26 April 2015
2533:from the original on 17 April 2009
2079:"Taj Mahal definition and meaning"
1866:Taj Mahal replicas and derivatives
881:Southern facade showing the great
613:The Taj Mahal was commissioned by
493:The Taj Mahal was designated as a
14:
7535:
6003:United Provinces of Agra and Oudh
5162:
5031:International Journal of Sciences
4722:from the original on 8 March 2023
4646:from the original on 3 March 2018
4600:from the original on 6 March 2010
4473:from the original on 7 March 2022
4351:from the original on 11 June 2019
4267:Ali, Mohammad (8 December 2014).
4262:from the original on 26 May 2022.
4009:from the original on 8 March 2023
3929:Fidler, Matt (25 February 2020).
3705:from the original on 8 March 2022
3444:"Dry Yamuna could sink Taj Mahal"
3394:from the original on 2 March 2023
3352:"What Really Ails the Taj Mahal?"
3180:from the original on 2 March 2023
2922:from the original on 8 March 2023
2752:from the original on 17 July 2017
2599:Treasures of the World: Taj Mahal
2085:from the original on 8 March 2023
1722:to be built in black marble as a
1453:oxen and elephants. An elaborate
490:, the emperor's court architect.
228:
196:
7464:Buildings and structures in Agra
6312:
5789:Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysalas
5773:Group of Monuments at Pattadakal
5287:
5251:Tourist attractions in and near
5109:Longman pronunciation dictionary
4192:
4160:
4128:
3610:from the original on 26 May 2022
3516:from the original on 2 June 2020
2436:from the original on 24 May 2020
1829:
1815:
1801:
1535:In 1942, the government erected
1309:
1297:
1142:
1130:
1104:
1088:
1030:screen surrounding the cenotaphs
1017:
1002:
853:, whose horns point heavenward.
798:
782:
596:
581:
497:in 1983 for being "the jewel of
305:
227:
220:
195:
188:
36:
6609:Suppression of Tilpat rebellion
5010:Sarkar, Jadunath (Sir) (1919).
4946:from the original on 9 May 2019
4710:Jaiswal, Anuja (12 June 2019).
4588:Dowdey, Sarah (5 August 2007).
4433:Begley, Wayne E. (March 1979).
4072:
3999:"Mutilations in Taj Mahal Myth"
3991:
3987:. A+E Television Network. 2006.
3977:
3922:
3892:
3861:
3831:
3801:
3747:
3725:"Travel information, Taj Mahal"
3687:
3590:
3558:
3528:
3498:
3468:
3436:
3420:. 30 April 1997. Archived from
3406:
3374:
3344:
3306:
3272:"Taj Mahal 'to be camouflaged'"
3264:
3234:
3216:The National Geographic Channel
3204:
3162:
3132:
3093:
2993:. ABC-CLIO. 2021. p. 654.
2983:
2958:
2895:
2797:
2738:
2701:
2605:from the original on 9 May 2015
2587:
2557:
2462:from the original on 7 May 2015
2448:
2248:
2214:"Creation History of Taj Mahal"
2156:
1884:
1487:Photograph of the Taj Mahal by
1340:
431:
409:on the right bank of the river
16:Marble mausoleum in Agra, India
7146:List of tombs of Mughal Empire
6604:Mughal–Safavid war (1649–1653)
6599:Mughal–Safavid war (1622–1623)
5756:Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur
5183:Archaeological Survey of India
5038:Swamy, K.R.N. (13 July 2003).
4632:. Twenty-First Century Books.
4615:"HowStuffWorks: The Taj Mahal"
4336:(inactive 18 September 2024).
4298:. Cambridge University Press.
2404:Archaeological Survey of India
2125:
2109:
2081:. Collins English Dictionary.
2071:
2041:
2001:
1759:in 1196, was dismissed by the
1699:New Seven Wonders of the World
1549:Archaeological Survey of India
1478:
1255:Archaeological Survey of India
572:
1:
7519:World Heritage Sites in India
7444:1650s establishments in India
5713:Khangchendzonga National Park
5544:World Heritage Sites in India
5126:Wright, Karen (1 July 2000).
4875:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
4763:Greatest Wonders of the World
3815:. 9 July 2007. Archived from
3755:"Night Viewings of Taj Mahal"
2710:The Horseman: A Travel Memoir
2164:"Taj Mahal: Memorial to Love"
1905:
1233:, was introduced to India by
1009:The central chamber with the
548:, refers to the Taj Mahal as
5844:Churches and convents of Goa
5839:Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus
5588:Darjeeling Himalayan Railway
5570:Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi
5565:Khajuraho Group of Monuments
5179:Description of the Taj Mahal
5111:. Harlow, England: Longman.
5092:. Harvard University Press.
4741:International Business Times
4626:DuTemple, Lesley A. (2003).
4546:Copplestone, Trewin (1963).
4295:Architecture of Mughal India
4292:Asher, Catherine B. (1992).
3212:"Access 360° World Heritage"
2456:"Onion domes, bulbous domes"
1910:
1747:surrounding the silhouette.
1592:
703:in Delhi which inspired the
509:
7:
7514:Tourist attractions in Agra
7479:Mausoleums in Uttar Pradesh
7454:1654 establishments in Asia
6654:Mughal–Portuguese conflicts
5763:Group of Monuments at Hampi
5086:Tillotson, G. H. R (2008).
4334:10.18520/cs/v110/i6/996-999
2458:. Stromberg Architectural.
2276:"Architecture of Taj Mahal"
1794:
993:
731:
514:The name "Taj Mahal" is of
10:
7540:
7367:New 7 Wonders of the World
7053:Alamgir Mosque, Aurangabad
5938:Mountain Railways of India
5901:Historic City of Ahmadabad
5741:Great Living Chola Temples
5560:Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka
5040:"Perils the Taj has faced"
4988:Our Global Village – India
4659:Gascoigne, Bamber (1971).
1639:
1596:
1560:UNESCO World Heritage Site
1304:The main gateway (darwaza)
664:
504:New 7 Wonders of the World
495:UNESCO World Heritage Site
255:UNESCO World Heritage Site
21:Taj Mahal (disambiguation)
18:
7416:
7373:
7262:
7196:
7154:
7091:
7073:Shah Jahan Mosque, Thatta
7043:
7002:
6993:
6866:
6795:
6662:
6576:
6442:
6324:
6253:
6107:
6011:
5985:
5934:
5916:The Jantar Mantar, Jaipur
5849:Dholavira:a Harappan city
5819:
5731:
5698:
5622:
5578:
5550:
5489:
5463:
5437:
5401:
5370:
5334:
5296:
5285:
5259:
4916:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
4833:10.1163/22118993_02201008
4581:10.1080/03086538708582735
2049:"Definition of Taj Mahal"
1851:Indo-Islamic architecture
1769:Union Minister of Culture
1765:Taj Mahal: The True Story
1648:Visitors at the Taj Mahal
1174:
502:declared a winner of the
293:
281:
271:
261:
252:
248:
211:Show map of Uttar Pradesh
204:Location of Taj Mahal in
182:
178:
168:
154:
146:
136:
126:
116:
108:
100:
92:
55:
44:
35:
30:
7509:Tourism in Uttar Pradesh
7494:Persian gardens in India
6644:Indian Rebellion of 1857
6589:Mughal conquest of Malwa
5778:Nilgiri Mountain Railway
5718:Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
5614:Sundarbans National Park
5188:Profile of the Taj Mahal
5045:The Tribune (Chandigarh)
4378:Ahmed, Akbar S. (1998).
2902:Mann, Elizabeth (2008).
1877:
1704:
1562:for being "the jewel of
1164:Ninety Nine Names of God
860:Closer view of a minaret
687:buildings including the
542:, in his book from 1636
7489:Mughal gardens in India
6619:Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal war
5864:Hill Forts of Rajasthan
5708:Kaziranga National Park
5107:Wells, John C. (1990).
5013:Studies in Mughal India
4934:Qureshi, Siraj (2017).
4871:Lahiri, Jhumpa (2004).
4513:Carroll, David (1973).
2481:Ahuja & Rajani 2016
2359:"Exterior of Taj Mahal"
1728:Jean-Baptiste Tavernier
1571:environmental pollution
1229:, a design inspired by
944:walkways are laid with
649:Architecture and design
591:, 17th century painting
383:[taːdʒˈmɛɦ(ɛ)l]
104:73 m (240 ft)
5906:Jaipur City, Rajasthan
5652:Keoladeo National Park
5371:Other religious places
5016:. Calcutta M.C. Sarkar
4781:Kinra, Rajeev (2015).
4766:. V&S Publishers.
4760:Khatri, Vikas (2012).
4687:Havell, E. B. (2004).
3140:"History of Taj Mahal"
3041:: Coos Santing, 2007,
2708:Reitter, Bart (2011).
2493:Bloom & Blair 2009
1714:
1678:. In 2019, to address
1649:
1608:
1583:Supreme Court of India
1532:
1492:
1365:
1184:
928:
908:consist of ornamental
893:
861:
745:
662:
603:Artistic depiction of
137:Architectural style(s)
96:17 hectares (42 acres)
51:, Uttar Pradesh, India
7420:Great Pyramid of Giza
7131:Tomb of Salim Chishti
6614:Ahom–Mughal conflicts
6364:Aurangzeb (Alamgir I)
5647:Humayun's Tomb, Delhi
4679:Havell, E.B. (1913).
4621:on 13 September 2007.
4590:"How Acid Rain Works"
4414:. Algora Publishing.
3176:. 19 September 2022.
3174:The Indian Chronicles
2807:. 26 September 2019.
2655:"Interior of the Taj"
1856:List of tallest domes
1846:Architecture of India
1789:William Henry Sleeman
1741:Lord William Bentinck
1712:
1647:
1606:
1530:
1486:
1448:, stone cutters from
1436:, calligraphers from
1363:
1182:
927:Plant motifs on walls
926:
880:
859:
739:
656:
635:Muhammad Saleh Kamboh
77:27.17500°N 78.04194°E
7093:Tombs and mausoleums
5794:Chennakeshava Temple
5746:Airavatesvara Temple
5688:Complexe du Capitole
5657:Kalka–Shimla railway
5481:Patna Bird Sanctuary
5464:Wildlife sanctuaries
5261:World Heritage Sites
5198:"Outlying Buildings"
4985:Royals, Sue (1996).
4399:Allan, John (1958).
3906:. 18 February 2018.
3845:. 24 February 2020.
3695:"Views of Taj Mahal"
3414:"Toxons and the Taj"
3278:. 29 December 2001.
3248:. 13 December 2017.
3055:and Mitchell, B. R.
2527:Islamic architecture
2023:University of Tehran
1871:Wonders of the World
1761:Allahabad High Court
1657:50, for citizens of
1579:Mathura Oil Refinery
1475:77.8 million).
1263:the Shalimar Gardens
1137:Motifs on the screen
717:semi-precious stones
479:semi-precious stones
462:77.8 million).
402:) is an ivory-white
19:For other uses, see
7408:Christ the Redeemer
7378:Great Wall of China
7058:Jama Masjid (Delhi)
6624:Mughal–Maratha wars
5799:Hoysaleswara Temple
5388:Mankameshwar Temple
5298:Mughal architecture
5142:Kalmbach Publishing
5138:Waukesha, Wisconsin
5128:"Works in Progress"
5071:. Chronicle Books.
4848:Koch, Ebba (2006).
4208:. 18 October 2017.
4176:. 18 October 2017.
4092:on 14 December 2017
3798:, pp. 201–208.
3759:Government of India
3729:Government of India
3701:. 4 December 2020.
3699:Government of India
3044:Inflation 1800-2000
2779:Government of India
2659:Government of India
2569:Government of India
2483:, pp. 996–997.
2363:Government of India
2280:Government of India
2218:Government of India
2134:The Calcutta Review
2014:Dehkhoda Dictionary
1980:Government of India
1837:Architecture portal
1553:India-Pakistan wars
1545:Indian independence
916:are decorated with
677:Mughal architecture
567:rawdah-i munawwarah
471:Mughal architecture
397:Crown of the Palace
163:Government of India
159:Ministry of Culture
141:Mughal architecture
73: /
7524:Islamic mausoleums
7310:Nizam of Hyderabad
6584:Mughal-Rajput wars
6404:Ahmad Shah Bahadur
6369:Muhammad Azam Shah
5609:Sun Temple, Konark
4896:The Economic Times
4716:The Times of India
4552:. Crescent Books.
4173:The Indian Express
4144:. 10 August 2017.
3819:on 21 January 2008
3571:The Times of India
3222:on 4 February 2015
2194:, pp. 30, 31.
1973:Tourism Statistics
1715:
1665:countries, it was
1650:
1609:
1541:Japanese Air Force
1533:
1493:
1366:
1289:Outlying buildings
1259:rivers of Paradise
1212:al Hawd al-Kawthar
1185:
1079:mahjar-i mushabbak
1050:sides fitted with
929:
894:
862:
793:topped by a finial
746:
744:on a square plinth
663:
631:Abdul Hamid Lahori
540:Abdul Hamid Lahori
488:Ustad Ahmad Lahori
131:Ustad Ahmad Lahori
82:27.17500; 78.04194
7426:
7425:
7418:Honorary status:
7333:
7332:
7320:Kingdom of Mysore
7254:Foreign relations
7192:
7191:
7141:Tomb of Nur Jahan
7136:Tomb of Aurangzeb
7083:Wazir Khan Mosque
7003:Forts and palaces
6989:
6988:
6961:Guru Gobind Singh
6889:Bayazid of Sylhet
6572:
6571:
6472:Foreign relations
6279:
6278:
5944:
5943:
5510:
5509:
5099:978-0-674-03186-9
5078:978-0-87701-686-1
4998:978-1-4291-1107-2
4977:978-0-520-02299-7
4882:978-0-547-42931-1
4863:978-0-500-34209-1
4773:978-93-81588-30-7
4672:978-0-224-00580-7
4662:The great Moghuls
4639:978-0-8225-4694-8
4559:978-0-517-35148-2
4528:978-0-88225-024-3
4505:978-0-19-530991-1
4421:978-0-87586-483-9
4391:978-0-85771-380-3
4305:978-0-521-26728-1
3606:. 26 March 2022.
3574:. 6 August 2022.
3482:. 12 April 2018.
3320:. 3 December 2010
3000:978-1-4408-6585-5
2976:978-8-18510-525-3
2915:978-1-931414-44-9
2748:. India Tourism.
2719:978-1-4502-9231-3
2025:). Archived from
1773:Indian Parliament
1471:35 billion (
1444:, designers from
1361:
1149:Flower decoration
821:onion shaped dome
530:meaning "crown" (
526:, with the words
458:35 billion (
297:
296:
239:Show map of India
236:Taj Mahal (India)
7531:
7504:Tourism in India
7474:Marble buildings
7360:
7353:
7346:
7337:
7336:
7300:Nawabs of Bengal
7263:Successor states
7167:Shalimar Gardens
7111:Gardens of Babur
7000:
6999:
6946:Lachit Borphukan
6660:
6659:
6649:Mughal–Sikh wars
6594:Gujarat conquest
6495:
6494:
6487:Mughal artillery
6316:
6306:
6299:
6292:
6283:
6282:
6012:Cities and towns
5971:
5964:
5957:
5948:
5947:
5894:Ranthambore Fort
5673:Red Fort Complex
5537:
5530:
5523:
5514:
5513:
5291:
5245:
5238:
5231:
5222:
5221:
5217:
5215:
5213:
5175:of the Taj Mahal
5174:
5173:
5171:Official website
5157:
5155:
5153:
5122:
5103:
5082:
5061:
5059:
5057:
5034:
5025:
5023:
5021:
5006:
4981:
4969:
4955:
4953:
4951:
4930:
4921:
4915:
4907:
4905:
4903:
4886:
4867:
4855:
4844:
4815:
4786:
4777:
4756:
4754:
4752:
4731:
4729:
4727:
4706:
4700:
4692:
4676:
4655:
4653:
4651:
4622:
4617:. Archived from
4609:
4607:
4605:
4584:
4563:
4542:
4532:
4520:
4509:
4482:
4480:
4478:
4472:
4443:The Art Bulletin
4439:
4429:
4404:
4395:
4374:
4368:
4360:
4358:
4356:
4350:
4319:
4309:
4288:
4286:
4284:
4263:
4253:
4234:
4228:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4217:
4196:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4185:
4164:
4158:
4157:
4155:
4153:
4132:
4126:
4120:
4114:
4108:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4097:
4088:. Archived from
4076:
4070:
4064:
4058:
4052:
4046:
4040:
4031:
4025:
4019:
4018:
4016:
4014:
3995:
3989:
3988:
3981:
3975:
3969:
3963:
3957:
3951:
3950:
3948:
3946:
3926:
3920:
3919:
3917:
3915:
3896:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3885:
3865:
3859:
3858:
3856:
3854:
3835:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3824:
3805:
3799:
3793:
3787:
3781:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3770:
3751:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3740:
3721:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3710:
3691:
3685:
3679:
3673:
3667:
3661:
3655:
3644:
3638:
3632:
3626:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3615:
3594:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3583:
3562:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3551:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3472:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3461:
3440:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3429:
3410:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3378:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3348:
3342:
3336:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3310:
3304:
3301:Jayalakshmi 2014
3298:
3292:
3291:
3289:
3287:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3238:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3218:. Archived from
3208:
3202:
3196:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3185:
3166:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3155:
3136:
3130:
3124:
3118:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3011:
3005:
3004:
2987:
2981:
2980:
2965:Nath, R (1996).
2962:
2956:
2950:
2944:
2938:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2927:
2908:. Mikaya Press.
2899:
2893:
2887:
2881:
2875:
2869:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2845:
2839:
2833:
2827:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2771:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2742:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2705:
2699:
2693:
2687:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2651:
2630:
2624:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2595:"...calligraphy"
2591:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2561:
2555:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2519:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2478:
2472:
2471:
2469:
2467:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2426:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2396:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2355:
2332:
2329:Copplestone 1963
2326:
2320:
2319:, p. 85-88.
2314:
2308:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2272:
2261:
2260:
2252:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2210:
2195:
2189:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2139:
2138:
2129:
2123:
2122:
2113:
2107:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1988:
1977:
1969:
1960:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1924:
1899:
1888:
1839:
1834:
1833:
1825:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1811:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1672:
1668:
1656:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1362:
1313:
1301:
1146:
1134:
1108:
1092:
1021:
1006:
937:incised painting
802:
786:
600:
585:
564:
563:
461:
457:
453:
435:
434: 1628–1658
433:
401:
398:
395:
392:
389:
385:
380:
373:
369:
365:
360:
359:
356:
355:
352:
349:
346:
341:
340:
337:
334:
331:
328:
325:
321:
320:
317:
314:
311:
240:
231:
230:
224:
212:
199:
198:
192:
88:
87:
85:
84:
83:
78:
74:
71:
70:
69:
66:
40:
28:
27:
7539:
7538:
7534:
7533:
7532:
7530:
7529:
7528:
7429:
7428:
7427:
7422:
7412:
7369:
7364:
7334:
7329:
7305:Nawabs of Awadh
7258:
7239:Persian Mughals
7188:
7172:Achabal Gardens
7150:
7121:Jahangir's Tomb
7106:Bibi Ka Maqbara
7087:
7068:Badshahi Mosque
7039:
6985:
6951:Khushal Khattak
6926:Maharana Pratap
6862:
6791:
6772:Thanesar (1710)
6767:Thanesar (1567)
6658:
6568:
6493:
6438:
6434:Bahadur Shah II
6389:Rafi ud-Darajat
6320:
6310:
6280:
6275:
6249:
6103:
6007:
5981:
5975:
5945:
5940:
5930:
5854:Elephanta Caves
5815:
5727:
5694:
5618:
5574:
5546:
5541:
5511:
5506:
5485:
5459:
5433:
5397:
5366:
5330:
5316:Itmad-Ud-Daulah
5292:
5283:
5255:
5249:
5211:
5209:
5196:
5169:
5168:
5165:
5160:
5151:
5149:
5119:
5100:
5079:
5055:
5053:
5019:
5017:
4999:
4978:
4949:
4947:
4909:
4908:
4901:
4899:
4883:
4864:
4804:10.2307/1523242
4774:
4750:
4748:
4725:
4723:
4694:
4693:
4673:
4649:
4647:
4640:
4603:
4601:
4560:
4529:
4506:
4476:
4474:
4470:
4456:10.2307/3049862
4437:
4422:
4392:
4384:. I.B. Tauris.
4362:
4361:
4354:
4352:
4348:
4322:Current Science
4317:
4306:
4282:
4280:
4256:The Independent
4243:
4241:General sources
4238:
4237:
4229:
4225:
4215:
4213:
4198:
4197:
4193:
4183:
4181:
4166:
4165:
4161:
4151:
4149:
4141:Hindustan Times
4134:
4133:
4129:
4121:
4117:
4109:
4105:
4095:
4093:
4078:
4077:
4073:
4065:
4061:
4053:
4049:
4041:
4034:
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4022:
4012:
4010:
3997:
3996:
3992:
3983:
3982:
3978:
3970:
3966:
3958:
3954:
3944:
3942:
3927:
3923:
3913:
3911:
3898:
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3893:
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3866:
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3850:
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3836:
3832:
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3820:
3807:
3806:
3802:
3794:
3790:
3782:
3778:
3768:
3766:
3753:
3752:
3748:
3738:
3736:
3723:
3722:
3718:
3708:
3706:
3693:
3692:
3688:
3680:
3676:
3670:Sparavigna 2013
3668:
3664:
3656:
3647:
3639:
3635:
3627:
3623:
3613:
3611:
3596:
3595:
3591:
3581:
3579:
3564:
3563:
3559:
3549:
3547:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3519:
3517:
3512:. 1 June 2020.
3504:
3503:
3499:
3489:
3487:
3474:
3473:
3469:
3459:
3457:
3452:. 2 July 2010.
3442:
3441:
3437:
3427:
3425:
3412:
3411:
3407:
3397:
3395:
3380:
3379:
3375:
3365:
3363:
3350:
3349:
3345:
3337:
3333:
3323:
3321:
3312:
3311:
3307:
3299:
3295:
3285:
3283:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3255:
3253:
3240:
3239:
3235:
3225:
3223:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3197:
3193:
3183:
3181:
3168:
3167:
3163:
3153:
3151:
3144:Tajmahal.org.uk
3138:
3137:
3133:
3125:
3121:
3113:
3109:
3098:
3094:
3085:
3083:
3076:
3012:
3008:
3001:
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2988:
2984:
2977:
2963:
2959:
2951:
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2939:
2935:
2925:
2923:
2916:
2900:
2896:
2888:
2884:
2876:
2872:
2864:
2860:
2852:
2848:
2840:
2836:
2828:
2824:
2814:
2812:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2788:
2786:
2773:
2772:
2765:
2755:
2753:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2731:
2727:
2720:
2706:
2702:
2694:
2690:
2682:
2678:
2668:
2666:
2653:
2652:
2633:
2625:
2618:
2608:
2606:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2578:
2576:
2563:
2562:
2558:
2550:
2546:
2536:
2534:
2523:"The Taj mahal"
2521:
2520:
2511:
2503:
2499:
2491:
2487:
2479:
2475:
2465:
2463:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2439:
2437:
2428:
2427:
2418:
2408:
2406:
2398:
2397:
2382:
2372:
2370:
2357:
2356:
2335:
2327:
2323:
2315:
2311:
2303:
2299:
2289:
2287:
2274:
2273:
2264:
2253:
2249:
2241:
2237:
2227:
2225:
2212:
2211:
2198:
2190:
2183:
2173:
2171:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2149:
2142:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2118:Islamic Culture
2115:
2114:
2110:
2102:
2098:
2088:
2086:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2062:
2060:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2032:
2030:
2029:on 15 June 2023
2006:
2002:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1963:
1955:
1951:
1941:
1939:
1926:
1925:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1902:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1835:
1828:
1821:
1816:
1814:
1807:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1724:Black Taj Mahal
1707:
1670:
1666:
1654:
1642:
1601:
1595:
1481:
1472:
1468:
1462:
1345:
1343:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1291:
1239:Paradise garden
1231:Persian gardens
1227:charbagh garden
1208:reflecting pool
1177:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1101:
1100:
1093:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1022:
1014:
1013:
1007:
996:
981:script made of
817:
816:
815:
814:
813:
803:
795:
794:
787:
734:
669:
651:
611:
610:
609:
608:
607:
601:
593:
592:
586:
575:
512:
459:
455:
449:
430:
399:
396:
393:
390:
378:
371:
367:
363:
343:
322:
308:
304:
257:
244:
243:
242:
241:
238:
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234:
233:
232:
215:
214:
213:
210:
209:
202:
201:
200:
173:tajmahal.gov.in
81:
79:
75:
72:
67:
64:
62:
60:
59:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7537:
7527:
7526:
7521:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7499:Tombs in India
7496:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7471:
7466:
7461:
7456:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7424:
7423:
7417:
7414:
7413:
7411:
7410:
7405:
7400:
7395:
7390:
7385:
7380:
7374:
7371:
7370:
7363:
7362:
7355:
7348:
7340:
7331:
7330:
7328:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7287:
7282:
7280:Maratha Empire
7277:
7266:
7264:
7260:
7259:
7257:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7211:
7206:
7200:
7198:
7194:
7193:
7190:
7189:
7187:
7186:
7179:
7174:
7169:
7164:
7162:Fatehpur Sikri
7158:
7156:
7152:
7151:
7149:
7148:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7123:
7118:
7116:Humayun's Tomb
7113:
7108:
7103:
7097:
7095:
7089:
7088:
7086:
7085:
7080:
7078:Sunehri Masjid
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7049:
7047:
7041:
7040:
7038:
7037:
7032:
7030:Jahangir Mahal
7027:
7022:
7017:
7012:
7006:
7004:
6997:
6991:
6990:
6987:
6986:
6984:
6983:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6938:
6933:
6928:
6923:
6918:
6916:Sher Shah Suri
6913:
6908:
6903:
6902:
6901:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6870:
6868:
6864:
6863:
6861:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6799:
6797:
6793:
6792:
6790:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6774:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6742:Panipat (1761)
6739:
6737:Panipat (1556)
6734:
6732:Panipat (1526)
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6684:
6679:
6677:Badli-ki-Serai
6674:
6668:
6666:
6657:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6580:
6578:
6574:
6573:
6570:
6569:
6567:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6505:
6503:
6492:
6491:
6490:
6489:
6479:
6474:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6458:
6457:
6446:
6444:
6443:Administration
6440:
6439:
6437:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6414:Shah Jahan III
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6374:Bahadur Shah I
6371:
6366:
6361:
6356:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6330:
6328:
6322:
6321:
6309:
6308:
6301:
6294:
6286:
6277:
6276:
6274:
6273:
6268:
6266:Buland Darwaza
6263:
6257:
6255:
6251:
6250:
6248:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6222:
6217:
6212:
6207:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6111:
6109:
6105:
6104:
6102:
6101:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6064:Fatehpur Sikri
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6015:
6013:
6009:
6008:
6006:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5989:
5987:
5983:
5982:
5974:
5973:
5966:
5959:
5951:
5942:
5941:
5935:
5932:
5931:
5929:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5897:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5884:Jaisalmer Fort
5881:
5876:
5871:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5825:
5823:
5817:
5816:
5814:
5813:
5808:
5807:
5806:
5804:Keshava Temple
5801:
5796:
5786:
5781:
5775:
5770:
5765:
5760:
5759:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5737:
5735:
5729:
5728:
5726:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5704:
5702:
5696:
5695:
5693:
5692:
5691:
5690:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5637:Fatehpur Sikri
5634:
5628:
5626:
5620:
5619:
5617:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5584:
5582:
5576:
5575:
5573:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5556:
5554:
5548:
5547:
5540:
5539:
5532:
5525:
5517:
5508:
5507:
5505:
5504:
5499:
5493:
5491:
5487:
5486:
5484:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5467:
5465:
5461:
5460:
5458:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5441:
5439:
5435:
5434:
5432:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5405:
5403:
5399:
5398:
5396:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5374:
5372:
5368:
5367:
5365:
5364:
5362:Humayun Mosque
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5338:
5336:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5306:Chini Ka Rauza
5302:
5300:
5294:
5293:
5286:
5284:
5282:
5281:
5276:
5274:Fatehpur Sikri
5271:
5265:
5263:
5257:
5256:
5248:
5247:
5240:
5233:
5225:
5219:
5218:
5194:
5185:
5176:
5164:
5163:External links
5161:
5159:
5158:
5123:
5117:
5104:
5098:
5083:
5077:
5062:
5035:
5026:
5007:
4997:
4982:
4976:
4960:Rosselli, John
4956:
4931:
4922:
4887:
4881:
4868:
4862:
4845:
4816:
4787:
4778:
4772:
4757:
4732:
4707:
4684:
4683:, John Murray.
4677:
4671:
4656:
4638:
4623:
4610:
4585:
4575:(2): 170–178.
4564:
4558:
4543:
4533:
4527:
4510:
4504:
4483:
4430:
4420:
4405:
4396:
4390:
4375:
4328:(6): 996–997.
4310:
4304:
4289:
4264:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4236:
4235:
4233:, p. 170.
4223:
4191:
4159:
4127:
4115:
4103:
4071:
4069:, p. 240.
4059:
4057:, p. 283.
4047:
4045:, p. 239.
4032:
4020:
3990:
3976:
3974:, p. 249.
3964:
3962:, p. 231.
3952:
3921:
3891:
3860:
3830:
3800:
3788:
3776:
3746:
3716:
3686:
3684:, p. 133.
3674:
3672:, p. 106.
3662:
3660:, p. 140.
3645:
3643:, p. 146.
3633:
3629:Tillotson 2008
3621:
3589:
3557:
3542:. 1 May 2019.
3527:
3497:
3467:
3435:
3424:on 26 May 2008
3405:
3373:
3343:
3331:
3305:
3293:
3263:
3233:
3203:
3191:
3161:
3131:
3119:
3117:, p. 243.
3115:Gascoigne 1971
3107:
3092:
3082:, Inflation.eu
3059:London :
3006:
2999:
2982:
2975:
2957:
2945:
2933:
2914:
2894:
2882:
2870:
2868:, p. 139.
2858:
2846:
2844:, p. 318.
2834:
2822:
2796:
2763:
2737:
2725:
2718:
2700:
2698:, p. 309.
2696:Alī Jāvīd 2008
2688:
2676:
2631:
2629:, p. 128.
2616:
2586:
2556:
2554:, p. 100.
2544:
2509:
2505:Tillotson 1990
2497:
2485:
2473:
2447:
2432:. Britannica.
2416:
2380:
2333:
2331:, p. 166.
2321:
2309:
2307:, p. 146.
2297:
2262:
2247:
2235:
2196:
2181:
2155:
2153:, p. 210.
2140:
2124:
2108:
2104:Tillotson 2008
2096:
2070:
2053:Dictionary.com
2040:
2017:(in Persian).
2000:
1961:
1949:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1826:
1812:
1796:
1793:
1771:stated in the
1706:
1703:
1641:
1638:
1597:Main article:
1594:
1591:
1480:
1477:
1446:southern India
1387:Fatehpur Sikri
1342:
1339:
1315:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1176:
1173:
1148:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1110:
1103:
1102:
1094:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1023:
1016:
1015:
1008:
1001:
1000:
999:
998:
997:
995:
992:
804:
797:
796:
788:
781:
780:
779:
778:
777:
733:
730:
701:Humayun's Tomb
665:Main article:
650:
647:
602:
595:
594:
587:
580:
579:
578:
577:
576:
574:
571:
511:
508:
423:Mughal emperor
295:
294:
291:
290:
283:
279:
278:
273:
269:
268:
265:
259:
258:
253:
250:
249:
246:
245:
235:
226:
225:
219:
218:
217:
216:
203:
194:
193:
187:
186:
185:
184:
183:
180:
179:
176:
175:
170:
166:
165:
156:
155:Governing body
152:
151:
148:
144:
143:
138:
134:
133:
128:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
110:
106:
105:
102:
98:
97:
94:
90:
89:
57:
53:
52:
46:
42:
41:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7536:
7525:
7522:
7520:
7517:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7440:
7437:
7436:
7434:
7421:
7415:
7409:
7406:
7404:
7401:
7399:
7396:
7394:
7391:
7389:
7386:
7384:
7381:
7379:
7376:
7375:
7372:
7368:
7361:
7356:
7354:
7349:
7347:
7342:
7341:
7338:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7285:Rajput states
7283:
7281:
7278:
7275:
7271:
7268:
7267:
7265:
7261:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7207:
7205:
7202:
7201:
7199:
7195:
7185:
7184:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7159:
7157:
7153:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7112:
7109:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7098:
7096:
7094:
7090:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7051:
7050:
7048:
7046:
7042:
7036:
7033:
7031:
7028:
7026:
7023:
7021:
7018:
7016:
7013:
7011:
7008:
7007:
7005:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6992:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6959:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6947:
6944:
6942:
6939:
6937:
6934:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6876:
6875:
6872:
6871:
6869:
6865:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6800:
6798:
6794:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6669:
6667:
6665:
6661:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6634:Carnatic wars
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6581:
6579:
6575:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6506:
6504:
6502:
6501:
6496:
6488:
6485:
6484:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6456:
6453:
6452:
6451:
6448:
6447:
6445:
6441:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6424:Shah Jahan IV
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6399:Muhammad Shah
6397:
6395:
6394:Shah Jahan II
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6379:Jahandar Shah
6377:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6357:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6331:
6329:
6327:
6323:
6319:
6318:Mughal Empire
6315:
6307:
6302:
6300:
6295:
6293:
6288:
6287:
6284:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6258:
6256:
6252:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6175:Garhi Udairaj
6173:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6106:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6016:
6014:
6010:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5998:Mughal empire
5996:
5994:
5991:
5990:
5988:
5984:
5979:
5978:Agra district
5972:
5967:
5965:
5960:
5958:
5953:
5952:
5949:
5939:
5933:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5921:Western Ghats
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5866:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5826:
5824:
5822:
5818:
5812:
5811:Western Ghats
5809:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5791:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5743:
5742:
5739:
5738:
5736:
5734:
5730:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5701:
5697:
5689:
5686:
5685:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5629:
5627:
5625:
5621:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5589:
5586:
5585:
5583:
5581:
5577:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5557:
5555:
5553:
5549:
5545:
5538:
5533:
5531:
5526:
5524:
5519:
5518:
5515:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5492:
5488:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5468:
5466:
5462:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5442:
5440:
5436:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5419:Raja ki mandi
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5409:Kinari Bazaar
5407:
5406:
5404:
5400:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5375:
5373:
5369:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5357:Nagina Mosque
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5339:
5337:
5333:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5321:Mariam's Tomb
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5303:
5301:
5299:
5295:
5290:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5266:
5264:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5246:
5241:
5239:
5234:
5232:
5227:
5226:
5223:
5207:
5203:
5199:
5195:
5193:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5180:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5166:
5147:
5143:
5139:
5135:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5120:
5118:0-582-05383-8
5114:
5110:
5105:
5101:
5095:
5091:
5090:
5084:
5080:
5074:
5070:
5069:
5063:
5051:
5047:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5032:
5027:
5015:
5014:
5008:
5004:
5000:
4994:
4990:
4989:
4983:
4979:
4973:
4968:
4967:
4961:
4957:
4945:
4941:
4937:
4932:
4928:
4923:
4919:
4913:
4897:
4893:
4888:
4884:
4878:
4874:
4869:
4865:
4859:
4854:
4853:
4846:
4842:
4838:
4834:
4830:
4826:
4822:
4817:
4813:
4809:
4805:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4788:
4784:
4779:
4775:
4769:
4765:
4764:
4758:
4746:
4742:
4738:
4733:
4721:
4717:
4713:
4708:
4704:
4698:
4690:
4685:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4668:
4664:
4663:
4657:
4645:
4641:
4635:
4631:
4630:
4629:The Taj Mahal
4624:
4620:
4616:
4611:
4599:
4595:
4594:HowStuffWorks
4591:
4586:
4582:
4578:
4574:
4570:
4565:
4561:
4555:
4551:
4550:
4544:
4540:
4534:
4530:
4524:
4519:
4518:
4517:The Taj Mahal
4511:
4507:
4501:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4484:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4457:
4453:
4449:
4445:
4444:
4436:
4431:
4427:
4423:
4417:
4413:
4412:
4406:
4402:
4397:
4393:
4387:
4383:
4382:
4376:
4372:
4366:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4316:
4311:
4307:
4301:
4297:
4296:
4290:
4278:
4274:
4270:
4265:
4261:
4257:
4252:
4246:
4245:
4232:
4227:
4211:
4207:
4206:
4201:
4195:
4179:
4175:
4174:
4169:
4163:
4147:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4131:
4124:
4119:
4112:
4107:
4091:
4087:
4086:
4081:
4075:
4068:
4063:
4056:
4055:Rosselli 1974
4051:
4044:
4039:
4037:
4030:, p. 85.
4029:
4024:
4008:
4004:
4000:
3994:
3986:
3980:
3973:
3968:
3961:
3956:
3940:
3936:
3932:
3925:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3895:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3864:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3834:
3818:
3814:
3813:The Telegraph
3810:
3804:
3797:
3792:
3785:
3780:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3750:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3720:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3690:
3683:
3682:Moinifar 2013
3678:
3671:
3666:
3659:
3654:
3652:
3650:
3642:
3637:
3631:, p. 32.
3630:
3625:
3609:
3605:
3604:
3599:
3593:
3577:
3573:
3572:
3567:
3561:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3531:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3501:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3471:
3455:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3439:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3409:
3393:
3389:
3388:
3383:
3377:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3347:
3340:
3335:
3319:
3318:The Telegraph
3315:
3309:
3302:
3297:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3267:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3237:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3207:
3201:, p. 96.
3200:
3199:DuTemple 2003
3195:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3165:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3135:
3128:
3123:
3116:
3111:
3103:
3096:
3081:
3080:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3029:Williamson J.
3026:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3010:
3002:
2996:
2992:
2986:
2978:
2972:
2968:
2961:
2955:, p. 64.
2954:
2949:
2942:
2937:
2921:
2917:
2911:
2907:
2906:
2898:
2892:, p. 54.
2891:
2890:Chaghtai 1938
2886:
2879:
2874:
2867:
2862:
2855:
2850:
2843:
2838:
2831:
2826:
2810:
2806:
2800:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2770:
2768:
2751:
2747:
2741:
2735:, p. 14.
2734:
2729:
2721:
2715:
2712:. iUniverse.
2711:
2704:
2697:
2692:
2685:
2684:Malaviya 2004
2680:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2628:
2623:
2621:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2590:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2565:"Calligraphy"
2560:
2553:
2548:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2506:
2501:
2495:, p. 32.
2494:
2489:
2482:
2477:
2461:
2457:
2451:
2435:
2431:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2330:
2325:
2318:
2313:
2306:
2305:Chaghtai 1938
2301:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2258:
2251:
2245:, p. 46.
2244:
2243:Chaghtai 1938
2239:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2193:
2188:
2186:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2152:
2147:
2145:
2136:
2135:
2128:
2120:
2119:
2112:
2106:, p. 14.
2105:
2100:
2084:
2080:
2074:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2044:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2011:, Ali Akbar.
2010:
2004:
1985:
1981:
1974:
1968:
1966:
1959:, p. 32.
1958:
1957:DuTemple 2003
1953:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1923:
1921:
1916:
1897:
1893:
1887:
1883:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1832:
1827:
1824:
1813:
1810:
1799:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1711:
1702:
1700:
1696:
1695:seven wonders
1692:
1688:
1687:caravanserais
1683:
1681:
1677:
1664:
1660:
1646:
1637:
1633:
1632:at the site.
1631:
1627:
1621:
1619:
1613:
1605:
1600:
1590:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1547:in 1947, the
1546:
1542:
1538:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1490:
1489:Samuel Bourne
1485:
1476:
1465:
1458:
1456:
1455:post-and-beam
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1378:
1376:
1371:
1338:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1312:
1300:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1195:Mughal garden
1192:
1191:
1181:
1172:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1145:
1133:
1124:
1122:
1107:
1098:
1091:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1029:
1028:
1020:
1012:
1005:
991:
989:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
965:
960:
958:
957:
951:
947:
942:
938:
934:
925:
921:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
892:
888:
884:
879:
875:
872:
867:
858:
854:
852:
851:Islamic motif
848:
844:
840:
835:
834:
828:
826:
822:
812:
811:Mughal Empire
808:
801:
792:
785:
776:
774:
773:
768:
764:
763:
757:
755:
751:
743:
738:
729:
727:
722:
718:
714:
710:
709:hasht-behesht
706:
702:
698:
695:(the tomb of
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
668:
660:
655:
646:
644:
640:
636:
632:
626:
624:
623:Gauhara Begum
620:
616:
606:
599:
590:
584:
570:
568:
558:
554:
552:
547:
546:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
507:
505:
500:
496:
491:
489:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
463:
452:
445:
443:
439:
428:
424:
420:
419:Uttar Pradesh
416:
412:
408:
405:
384:
376:
375:
358:
302:
292:
288:
284:
280:
277:
274:
270:
266:
264:
260:
256:
251:
247:
223:
207:
206:Uttar Pradesh
191:
181:
177:
174:
171:
167:
164:
160:
157:
153:
149:
145:
142:
139:
135:
132:
129:
125:
122:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
86:
58:
54:
50:
47:
43:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
7484:Mughal tombs
7402:
7398:Machu Picchu
7393:Chichen Itza
7273:
7181:
7177:Shahi Bridge
7125:
7101:Akbar's Tomb
7063:Chawk Mosque
7035:Sheesh Mahal
7020:Lalbagh Fort
6995:Architecture
6981:Hector Munro
6956:Josiah Child
6906:Ibrahim Lodi
6899:Pratapaditya
6884:Khwaja Usman
6682:Bhuchar Mori
6498:
6419:Shah Alam II
6384:Farrukhsiyar
6270:
6150:Chhai Pokhar
6125:Barauli Ahir
5874:Chittor Fort
5859:Ellora Caves
5829:Ajanta Caves
5677:
5604:Santiniketan
5502:Taj Mahotsav
5471:Keetham Lake
5455:Paliwal Park
5429:Sanjay Place
5424:Sadar Bazaar
5278:
5210:. Retrieved
5201:
5150:. Retrieved
5131:
5108:
5088:
5068:Mughal India
5067:
5054:. Retrieved
5043:
5030:
5018:. Retrieved
5012:
4987:
4965:
4948:. Retrieved
4939:
4926:
4900:. Retrieved
4895:
4873:The Namesake
4872:
4851:
4824:
4820:
4795:
4791:
4782:
4762:
4749:. Retrieved
4740:
4724:. Retrieved
4715:
4688:
4680:
4661:
4648:. Retrieved
4628:
4619:the original
4602:. Retrieved
4593:
4572:
4568:
4548:
4537:
4521:. Newsweek.
4516:
4487:
4475:. Retrieved
4447:
4441:
4410:
4400:
4380:
4365:cite journal
4353:. Retrieved
4325:
4321:
4294:
4281:. Retrieved
4272:
4255:
4226:
4214:. Retrieved
4203:
4194:
4182:. Retrieved
4171:
4162:
4150:. Retrieved
4139:
4130:
4123:Qureshi 2017
4118:
4106:
4094:. Retrieved
4090:the original
4083:
4074:
4062:
4050:
4023:
4011:. Retrieved
4002:
3993:
3984:
3979:
3967:
3955:
3943:. Retrieved
3935:The Guardian
3934:
3924:
3912:. Retrieved
3903:
3894:
3882:. Retrieved
3873:
3863:
3851:. Retrieved
3842:
3833:
3821:. Retrieved
3817:the original
3812:
3803:
3791:
3784:Jaiswal 2019
3779:
3767:. Retrieved
3749:
3737:. Retrieved
3719:
3707:. Retrieved
3689:
3677:
3665:
3636:
3624:
3612:. Retrieved
3601:
3592:
3580:. Retrieved
3569:
3560:
3548:. Retrieved
3539:
3530:
3518:. Retrieved
3509:
3500:
3488:. Retrieved
3479:
3470:
3458:. Retrieved
3447:
3438:
3426:. Retrieved
3422:the original
3417:
3408:
3396:. Retrieved
3385:
3376:
3364:. Retrieved
3355:
3346:
3334:
3322:. Retrieved
3317:
3308:
3296:
3284:. Retrieved
3275:
3266:
3254:. Retrieved
3245:
3236:
3224:. Retrieved
3220:the original
3215:
3206:
3194:
3182:. Retrieved
3173:
3164:
3152:. Retrieved
3143:
3134:
3122:
3110:
3101:
3095:
3084:, retrieved
3078:
3073:1954 to 2023
3072:
3068:
3064:
3056:
3052:
3047:, data from
3042:
3039:1920 to 1953
3038:
3032:
3025:1873 to 1919
3024:
3014:1595 to 1872
3013:
3009:
2990:
2985:
2966:
2960:
2953:Carroll 1973
2948:
2936:
2924:. Retrieved
2904:
2897:
2885:
2880:, p. 7.
2873:
2861:
2849:
2837:
2825:
2813:. Retrieved
2799:
2787:. Retrieved
2775:"Taj Garden"
2754:. Retrieved
2740:
2728:
2709:
2703:
2691:
2679:
2667:. Retrieved
2607:. Retrieved
2598:
2589:
2577:. Retrieved
2559:
2547:
2535:. Retrieved
2526:
2500:
2488:
2476:
2464:. Retrieved
2450:
2438:. Retrieved
2407:. Retrieved
2371:. Retrieved
2324:
2312:
2300:
2288:. Retrieved
2256:
2250:
2238:
2226:. Retrieved
2172:. Retrieved
2158:
2133:
2127:
2117:
2111:
2099:
2087:. Retrieved
2073:
2061:. Retrieved
2052:
2043:
2031:. Retrieved
2027:the original
2013:
2003:
1991:. Retrieved
1952:
1942:10 September
1940:. Retrieved
1931:
1896:Dhu al-Qadah
1892:Dhu al-Qadah
1886:
1823:Islam portal
1809:India portal
1784:
1780:
1777:
1764:
1749:
1737:
1716:
1684:
1651:
1634:
1626:parchin kari
1625:
1622:
1614:
1610:
1587:
1568:
1557:
1534:
1515:
1494:
1459:
1431:
1407:Lapis lazuli
1397:from China,
1379:
1367:
1341:Construction
1334:
1322:
1283:
1224:
1211:
1198:
1188:
1186:
1155:
1117:
1078:
1074:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1036:
1025:
961:
954:
950:tessellation
930:
895:
889:windows and
863:
843:lotus flower
838:
831:
829:
818:
770:
760:
758:
747:
726:Yamuna river
715:inlaid with
707:gardens and
673:Indo-Islamic
670:
627:
619:Mumtaz Mahal
612:
605:Mumtaz Mahal
566:
557:Perso-Arabic
553:-i munawwara
549:
543:
535:
534:) "palace" (
531:
527:
513:
506:initiative.
492:
477:inlaid with
467:Indo-Islamic
464:
446:
438:Mumtaz Mahal
300:
298:
121:Mumtaz Mahal
25:
7295:Sikh Empire
7274:interrupted
7015:Lahore Fort
6966:Henry Every
6931:Malik Ambar
6874:Baro-Bhuyan
6867:Adversaries
6853:Ranthambore
6808:Chittorgarh
6629:Child's war
6455:family tree
6240:Sarokhipura
6084:Nainana Jat
5889:Kumbhalgarh
5879:Gagron Fort
5450:Mehtab Bagh
5383:Guru ka Tal
5352:Moti Mosque
5347:Mina Mosque
5342:Jama Mosque
5311:Gyarah Sidi
4940:India Today
4827:: 128–149.
4798:: 143–165.
4691:. Calcutta.
4450:(1): 7–37.
4205:India Today
4028:Lahiri 2004
3945:28 November
3884:24 February
3853:24 February
3603:India Today
3449:India Today
3387:India Today
3366:3 September
3339:Dowdey 2007
2878:Royals 1996
2830:Wright 2000
2733:Begley 1979
2627:Khatri 2012
2430:"Taj Mahal"
2192:Sarkar 1919
1928:"Taj Mahal"
1732:Mehtab Bagh
1680:overtourism
1564:Islamic art
1537:scaffolding
1521:Lord Curzon
1479:Later years
1450:Baluchistan
1411:Afghanistan
1370:Jai Singh I
1325:crenellated
1279:British Raj
1275:fruit trees
1251:Mahtab Bagh
967:calligraphy
941:Herringbone
918:pietra dura
902:calligraphy
891:calligraphy
643:Jai Singh I
573:Inspiration
562:روضه منواره
545:Padshahnama
499:Islamic art
442:crenellated
282:Inscription
267:Cultural: i
80: /
56:Coordinates
7433:Categories
7325:Rohilkhand
7270:Sur Empire
6976:Nader Shah
6911:Rana Sanga
6823:Daulatabad
6707:Haldighati
6639:Bengal war
6477:Government
6409:Alamgir II
6359:Shah Jahan
6215:Purabirbal
5414:Loha Mandi
5212:7 February
5152:7 February
5056:7 February
4950:16 January
4751:7 February
4726:13 January
4650:7 February
4604:16 January
4283:7 February
4231:Dixon 1987
4216:24 January
4152:16 January
4096:16 January
3914:4 December
3823:7 February
3641:Kinra 2015
3614:1 December
3582:1 December
3550:1 December
3460:1 December
3428:7 February
3324:10 January
3286:7 February
3256:1 December
3226:7 February
3127:Swamy 2003
2842:Allan 1958
2789:1 December
2669:1 December
2609:7 February
2579:1 December
2537:7 February
2373:1 December
2290:1 December
2228:19 October
2174:7 February
2151:Asher 1992
1978:(Report).
1934:. UNESCO.
1906:References
1781:Itinerario
1508:rulers of
1097:sarcophagi
1095:The false
1071:sarcophagi
1067:bas-relief
910:bas relief
791:onion dome
789:The large
689:Gur-e Amir
615:Shah Jahan
589:Shah Jahan
528:tāj mahall
427:Shah Jahan
285:1983 (7th
65:27°10′30″N
7439:Taj Mahal
7403:Taj Mahal
7388:Colosseum
7126:Taj Mahal
7010:Agra Fort
6971:Bajirao I
6894:Musa Khan
6848:Purandhar
6752:Raj Mahal
6727:Najafgarh
6577:Conflicts
6544:Hyderabad
6500:Provinces
6271:Taj Mahal
6261:Agra Fort
6254:Buildings
6245:Tarrakpur
6155:Daultabad
6140:Beesalpur
6135:Bateshwar
6115:Chamrauli
6099:Swamibagh
6094:Shamsabad
6074:Kheragarh
6059:Fatehabad
6044:Dayalbagh
5936:^part of
5869:Amer Fort
5700:Northeast
5678:Taj Mahal
5632:Agra Fort
5497:Ram Barat
5445:Aram Bagh
5393:Swamibagh
5378:Bateshwar
5279:Taj Mahal
5269:Agra Fort
5202:Taj Mahal
5089:Taj Mahal
4912:cite news
4697:cite book
4342:0011-3891
4273:The Hindu
4085:The Hindu
4067:Koch 2006
4043:Koch 2006
4003:Taj Mahal
3972:Koch 2006
3960:Koch 2006
3796:Koch 2006
3658:Koch 2005
3154:29 August
3061:Macmillan
3018:Bob Allen
2941:Koch 1997
2905:Taj Mahal
2866:Koch 2006
2854:Dunn 2007
2552:Koch 2006
2317:Koch 2006
1911:Citations
1757:Paramardi
1753:P. N. Oak
1720:mausoleum
1618:solstices
1593:Symbolism
1575:Acid rain
1510:Bharatpur
1502:Agra Fort
1497:Aurangzeb
1423:carnelian
1419:Sri Lanka
1399:turquoise
1271:daffodils
1220:fountains
1203:parterres
1011:cenotaphs
988:Abdul Haq
973:from the
914:spandrels
839:guldastas
754:chamfered
721:sandstone
693:Samarkand
510:Etymology
483:sandstone
407:mausoleum
301:Taj Mahal
272:Reference
127:Architect
117:Built for
112:1631–1653
68:78°2′31″E
31:Taj Mahal
7315:Carnatic
7234:Painting
7229:Language
7197:See also
7025:Red Fort
6879:Isa Khan
6843:Kandahar
6828:Golconda
6757:Samugarh
6692:Chanderi
6482:Military
6429:Akbar II
6354:Shahryar
6349:Jahangir
6326:Emperors
6235:Sakatpur
6220:Rudhmuli
6210:Midhakur
6195:Karahara
6180:Holipura
6165:Digrauta
6160:Dhimsiri
6145:Bichpuri
6108:Villages
6054:Etmadpur
6049:Dhanauli
6019:Achhnera
5402:Shopping
5326:Sikandra
5206:Archived
5146:Archived
5133:Discover
5050:Archived
5003:Archived
4962:(1974).
4944:Archived
4841:25482427
4821:Muqarnas
4792:Muqarnas
4745:Archived
4720:Archived
4665:. Cape.
4644:Archived
4598:Archived
4539:Chaghtai
4468:Archived
4426:Archived
4346:Archived
4277:Archived
4260:Archived
4210:Archived
4178:Archived
4146:Archived
4111:Ali 2014
4007:Archived
3939:Archived
3908:Archived
3878:Archived
3847:Archived
3843:BBC News
3763:Archived
3733:Archived
3703:Archived
3608:Archived
3576:Archived
3544:Archived
3514:Archived
3484:Archived
3480:BBC News
3454:Archived
3392:Archived
3360:Archived
3356:The Wire
3280:Archived
3276:BBC News
3250:Archived
3178:Archived
3148:Archived
2920:Archived
2815:21 March
2809:Archived
2783:Archived
2750:Archived
2663:Archived
2603:Archived
2573:Archived
2531:Archived
2460:Archived
2434:Archived
2367:Archived
2284:Archived
2222:Archived
2168:Archived
2083:Archived
2057:Archived
2033:16 April
2009:Dehkhoda
1993:15 March
1984:Archived
1936:Archived
1795:See also
1543:. Since
1415:sapphire
1375:footings
1247:pavilion
1216:Muhammad
1199:khiyaban
1190:charbagh
1157:natural
1063:lapidary
994:Interior
971:passages
866:minarets
833:chattris
805:Finial,
742:minarets
732:Exterior
705:Charbagh
374:-
263:Criteria
147:Visitors
45:Location
7249:Weapons
7224:Gardens
7219:Fashion
7214:Culture
7209:Cuisine
7045:Mosques
6941:Shivaji
6858:Sambhal
6833:Hooghly
6803:Bijapur
6777:Tukaroi
6762:Sirhind
6747:Plassey
6664:Battles
6534:Gujarat
6462:Economy
6450:Dynasty
6339:Humayun
6190:Kagarol
6089:Pinahat
6079:Kiraoli
6029:Azizpur
5986:History
5552:Central
5438:Gardens
5335:Mosques
5181:at the
4812:1523242
4477:1 March
4464:3049862
4184:10 June
4013:22 June
3769:1 March
3739:1 March
3709:1 March
3490:21 July
3398:2 March
3184:2 March
2926:2 March
2601:. PBS.
2466:4 March
2440:4 March
2409:4 March
2166:. PBS.
2089:1 March
2063:1 March
1745:bangles
1691:bazaars
1676:Ramadan
1663:BIMSTEC
1640:Tourism
1518:viceroy
1491:, 1860s
1434:Bukhara
1395:crystal
1383:Makrana
1330:arcades
1039:pishtaq
979:thuluth
933:tracery
883:pishtaq
871:muezzin
809:of the
772:pishtaq
681:Timurid
524:Persian
391:
287:Session
208:, India
169:Website
7155:Others
6936:Gokula
6796:Sieges
6787:Bhulua
6722:Khanwa
6717:Khajwa
6712:Karnal
6702:Ghagra
6697:Chausa
6559:Multan
6549:Lahore
6524:Bengal
6230:Saivan
6225:Sahara
6200:Khanwa
6130:Barhan
6120:Barara
6069:Jagner
6039:Barhan
5980:topics
5192:UNESCO
5115:
5096:
5075:
5020:20 May
4995:
4974:
4879:
4860:
4839:
4810:
4770:
4669:
4636:
4556:
4525:
4502:
4462:
4418:
4388:
4340:
4302:
3520:3 June
3418:UNESCO
3086:8 July
2997:
2973:
2912:
2756:7 June
2716:
2019:Tehran
1442:Persia
1427:Arabia
1273:, and
1243:Jannah
1175:Garden
983:jasper
975:Qur'an
964:Arabic
898:stucco
847:bronze
825:finial
767:finial
750:plinth
719:, red
713:marble
685:Mughal
661:River.
659:Yamuna
536:mahall
520:Arabic
481:, red
475:marble
444:wall.
411:Yamuna
404:marble
379:Hindi:
101:Height
7469:Domes
7383:Petra
7244:Tribe
6838:Jinji
6818:Daman
6813:Delhi
6782:Bakla
6687:Buxar
6554:Malwa
6539:Delhi
6529:Berar
6519:Awadh
6514:Ajmer
6344:Akbar
6334:Babur
6205:Meoli
6185:Jarar
6170:Doora
5993:Akbar
5733:South
5624:North
5490:Fairs
4902:5 May
4837:JSTOR
4808:JSTOR
4471:(PDF)
4460:JSTOR
4438:(PDF)
4355:5 May
4349:(PDF)
4318:(PDF)
1987:(PDF)
1976:(PDF)
1878:Notes
1705:Myths
1659:SAARC
1630:Allah
1438:Syria
1425:from
1417:from
1409:from
1403:Tibet
1401:from
1335:jawab
1267:roses
1235:Babur
1168:poppy
1121:Mecca
1075:jalis
1052:jalis
969:with
956:jalis
946:tiles
906:dados
864:Four
807:tamga
762:iwans
697:Timur
551:rauza
372:TAHZH
109:Built
7290:Jats
7183:more
6921:Hemu
6672:Agra
6564:Sira
6509:Agra
6467:Flag
6024:Agra
5821:West
5580:East
5253:Agra
5214:2015
5154:2015
5113:ISBN
5094:ISBN
5073:ISBN
5058:2015
5022:2015
4993:ISBN
4972:ISBN
4952:2019
4918:link
4904:2015
4877:ISBN
4858:ISBN
4768:ISBN
4753:2015
4728:2020
4703:link
4667:ISBN
4652:2015
4634:ISBN
4606:2019
4554:ISBN
4523:ISBN
4500:ISBN
4479:2022
4416:ISBN
4386:ISBN
4371:link
4357:2016
4338:ISSN
4300:ISBN
4285:2015
4218:2018
4186:2019
4154:2019
4098:2019
4015:2021
3947:2021
3916:2020
3886:2020
3855:2020
3825:2015
3771:2024
3741:2024
3711:2023
3616:2023
3584:2023
3552:2023
3540:Time
3522:2020
3510:Dawn
3492:2018
3462:2023
3430:2015
3400:2023
3368:2020
3326:2022
3288:2015
3258:2023
3228:2015
3186:2023
3156:2021
3088:2023
3049:OECD
2995:ISBN
2971:ISBN
2928:2023
2910:ISBN
2817:2024
2791:2023
2758:2017
2714:ISBN
2671:2023
2611:2015
2581:2023
2539:2015
2468:2015
2442:2023
2411:2024
2375:2023
2292:2023
2230:2023
2176:2015
2091:2021
2065:2021
2035:2022
1995:2024
1944:2016
1661:and
1473:US$
1440:and
1421:and
1393:and
1391:jade
1225:The
1159:plum
1056:jali
1047:jali
1043:jali
1027:jali
887:jali
683:and
675:and
639:Agra
633:and
522:and
516:Urdu
469:and
460:US$
415:Agra
388:lit.
368:HAHL
364:TAHJ
299:The
93:Area
49:Agra
7204:Art
6034:Bah
5190:at
4829:doi
4800:doi
4577:doi
4492:doi
4452:doi
4330:doi
4326:110
3904:CBC
3874:CNN
3246:DNA
1506:Jat
1193:or
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