142:
does not require tempering. Some clays are self-tempered, that is, naturally contain enough mica, sand, or sponge spicules that they do not require additional tempering.
23:
is a non-plastic material added to clay to prevent shrinkage and cracking during drying and firing of vessels made from the clay. Tempers may include:
207:
Stilborg, Ole (1 December 2001). "Temper for the Sake of
Coherence: Analyses of Bone- and Chaff-Tempered Ceramics from Iron Age Scandinavia".
174:
281:
572:
536:
340:
119:
561:
517:
411:. Seattle, Washington: University of Washington Press, on behalf of the American Ethnological Society. p. 57.
258:. Seattle, Washington: University of Washington Press, on behalf of the American Ethnological Society. p. 57.
282:
Marcondes Lima da Costa; Dirse Clara Kern; Alice Helena Eleotério Pinto; Jorge
Raimundo da Trindade Souza (2004).
284:"The ceramic artifacts in archaeological black earth (terra preta) from lower Amazon region, Brazil: Mineralogy"
445:
546:
Watters, David R. (1997). "Maritime Trade in the
Prehistoric Eastern Caribbean". In Samuel M. Wilson (ed.).
628:
612:
332:
182:
553:
547:
320:
407:
Fontana, Bernard L.; Robinson, William J.; Cormack, Charles W.; Leavitt, Earnest E. (1962).
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Fontana, Bernard L.; Robinson, William J.; Cormack, Charles W.; Leavitt, Earnest E. (1962).
8:
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573:"The Spread of Shell-Tempered Ceramics along the Northern Coast of the Gulf of Mexico"
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615:- Images (including micrographs) of shards with various tempers.
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446:"Woodland Period - St. Johns Cultures - 500 BC to 1500 AD"
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552:. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. pp.
181:. University of Wisconsin – La Crosse. Archived from
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571:Weinstein, Richard A.; Dumas, Ashley A. (2008).
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586:(2). Maney Publishing: 202–221. Archived from
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358:
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138:do not require the addition of tempers. Pure
527:Silverman, Helaine; Isbell, William (2008).
512:. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
481:New Mexico Office of Archaeological Studies
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16:Prevents shrinkage and cracking of clay
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549:The Indigenous People of the Caribbean
529:Handbook of South American archaeology
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169:
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510:Archaeology of Precolumbian Florida
331:. Oxford University Press. p.
162:
13:
122:in the Mississippian culture); and
14:
640:
606:
613:Common Inclusions and/or Tempers
215:(3). Maney Publishing: 398–404.
468:
400:
323:; Phillips, Ruth Bliss (1998).
301:10.1590/S0044-59672004000200004
209:European Journal of Archaeology
450:Pelotes Island Nature Preserve
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1:
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155:
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430:Silverman & Isbell 2008
371:Silverman & Isbell 2008
242:Silverman & Isbell 2008
145:
10:
645:
359:Weinstein & Dumas 2008
221:10.1177/146195710100400316
327:Native North American Art
580:Southeastern Archaeology
475:Wilson, C. Dean (2014).
134:Some clays used to make
531:. New York: Springer.
321:Berlo, Janet Catherine
477:"Taos Black-on-White"
409:Papago Indian Pottery
256:Papago Indian Pottery
185:on 27 September 2011
506:Milanich, Jerald T.
151:Ceramic#Archaeology
107:(dried and sifted);
629:Ceramic materials
538:978-0-387-75228-0
385:, pp. 92–94.
342:978-0-19-284218-3
636:
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59:Sand or crushed
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127:sponge spicules
120:Shell tempering
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607:External links
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432:, p. 369.
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373:, p. 307.
363:
361:, p. 203.
348:
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288:Acta Amazonica
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246:
244:, p. 439.
234:
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112:mollusc shells
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563:0-8130-1531-6
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519:0-8130-1273-2
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397:, p. 86.
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595:. Retrieved
588:the original
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484:. Retrieved
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458:. Retrieved
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383:Watters 1997
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187:. Retrieved
183:the original
178:
149:
133:
105:Horse manure
20:
18:
140:kaolin clay
125:Freshwater
114:(including
99:Plant fiber
597:5 November
499:References
294:(2): 165.
189:4 November
175:"Ceramics"
116:fossilized
77:, such as
229:1461-9571
156:Citations
68:limestone
61:sandstone
37:Charcoal;
623:Category
508:(1994).
486:14 April
460:14 April
146:See also
110:Crushed
83:feldspar
73:Crushed
66:Crushed
48:Wood ash
136:pottery
118:) (see
40:Ground
560:
535:
516:
417:869680
415:
339:
264:869680
262:
227:
42:schist
21:temper
591:(PDF)
576:(PDF)
554:88–99
85:, or
32:Chaff
28:Bone;
599:2011
558:ISBN
533:ISBN
514:ISBN
488:2019
462:2019
413:OCLC
337:ISBN
260:OCLC
225:ISSN
191:2011
93:Grog
87:mica
54:Grit
296:doi
217:doi
625::
584:27
582:.
578:.
556:.
479:.
448:.
437:^
351:^
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333:56
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164:^
81:,
19:A
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