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in
September 2006, architects had studied the idea as early as 2003. Earlier offshore wind turbines cost more to produce, stood on towers dug deep into the ocean floor, were only possible in depths of at most 50 feet (15 m), and generated 1.5 megawatts for onshore units and 3.5 megawatts for
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The Hutton TLP was originally designed for a service life of 25 years in North Sea depth of 100 to 1000 metres. It had 16 tension legs. Its weight varied between 46,500 and 55,000 tons when moored to the seabed, but up to 61,580 tons when floating freely. The total area of its living quarters was
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conventional offshore setups. In contrast, TLP installation was calculated to cost a third as much. TLPs float, and researchers estimate they can operate in depths between 100 and 650 feet (200 m) and farther away from land, and they can generate 5.0 megawatts.
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in
December 2007. The prototype was installed in waters 113 metres (371 ft) deep in order to gather test data on wind and sea conditions, and was decommissioned at the end of 2008. The turbine utilized a tension-leg platform design and a two-bladed turbine.
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in the North Sea in the early 1980s. The hull was built in the dry-dock at
Highland Fabricator's Nigg yard in the north of Scotland, with the deck section built nearby at McDermott's yard at Ardersier. The two parts were mated in the Moray Firth in 1984.
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Larger TLPs will normally have a full drilling rig on the platform with which to drill and intervene on the wells. The smaller TLPs may have a workover rig, or with most recent TLPs, production wellheads located at remote drillcentres subsea.
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Tension leg platform (gray) free floating on left-hand side; structure is pulled by the tensioned cables (red) down towards the seabed anchors (light-gray) on right-hand side (very simplified, omitting details of temporary ballast
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The platform is permanently moored by means of tethers or tendons grouped at each of the structure's corners. A group of tethers is called a tension leg. A feature of the design of the tethers is that they have relatively high
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B.V., which was established by Martin
Jakubowski and Silvestro Caruso (the founders of Blue H Technologies), acquired the proprietary rights to the two-bladed floating turbine technology developed by Blue H Technologies.
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A tension-leg platform (gray) under tow with seabed anchors (light gray) held up by cables (red) on left-hand side; platform with seabed anchors lowered and cables lightly tensioned on right-hand side
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TLPs would shift 0.9 m to 1.8 m and the turbine blades would cycle above wave peaks. Dampers could be used to reduce motion in the event of a
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129:, while the hull was reportedly sold to a project in the Gulf of Mexico (although the hull has been moored in Cromarty Firth since 2009).
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about 3,500 square metres and accommodated over 100 cabins though only 40 people were necessary to maintain the structure in place.
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83:), such that virtually all vertical motion of the platform is eliminated. This allows the platform to have the production
259:. At the time of publication there were no commercially active TLPs, and the plot involves a conspiracy to destroy
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https://portal.mustangeng.com/pls/portal30/docs/FOLDER/MUSTANGENG/INDUSTRY_POSTERS_CONTENT/2007_07_DSRPOSTER.PDF
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167:. Its height above surface is 485 ft (148 m) making a total height of 4,285 ft (1,306 m).
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The hull of the Hutton TLP has been separated from the topsides. Topsides have been redeployed to the
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TLPs have been in use since the early 1980s. The first tension leg platform was built for Conoco's
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by competing oil companies. The prologue to the novel explains the principles of operation.
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Alexander's Gas & Oil
Connections – Shell's Ursa deep water TLP begins production
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on deck (connected directly to the subsea wells by rigid risers), instead of on the
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on a tension-leg platform, 21.3 kilometres (13.2 mi) off the coast of
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481:"Seawind steps up development of radical two-blade offshore turbine"
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The deepest (E)TLPs measured from the sea floor to the surface are:
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450:"Blue H Technologies Launches World's First Floating Wind Turbine"
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MIT and NREL researchers planned a half-scale prototype south of
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106:, and easier access for downhole intervention operations.
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Type of offshore platform used in production of oil or gas
548:, Mémoire de TPFE, École d’architecture de Lille, France.
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Floating Ocean
Windmills Designed to Generate More Power
508:"History of the Development of the Seawind Technology"
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and gives better control over the production from the
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147:. Its total height is some 5,000 feet (1,500 m).
335:"Oil Rig Photos - The hull of the Hutton TLP - 2009"
247:A fictitious tension-leg platform anchored in the
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426:The Institution of Engineering and Technology
56:normally used for the offshore production of
429:, 18 October 2010, accessed 6 November 2011
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150:4,300 ft (1,300 m) Marco Polo TLP
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392:"Project Deep Water - Blue H Technologies"
251:is at the centre of the plot of the novel
173:3,300 ft (1,000 m) W. Seno A TLP
170:3,350 ft (1,020 m) Allegheny TLP
140:5,185 ft (1,580 m) Big Foot ETLP
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153:4,250 ft (1,300 m) Neptune TLP
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546:Reconversion d’une plate-forme offshore
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323:Reconversion d’une plate-forme offshore
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398:. The Energy Technologies Institute.
184:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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188:National Renewable Energy Laboratory
536:2010 Worldwide Survey of TLPs (PDF)
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13:
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402:from the original on 27 March 2019
14:
588:
487:from the original on 21 June 2020
460:from the original on 21 July 2020
190:explored the concept of TLPs for
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479:de Vries, Eize (1 April 2020).
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1:
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163:3,800 ft (1,200 m)
156:3,863 ft (1,177 m)
143:4,674 ft (1,425 m)
46:extended tension leg platform
293:Olympus tension leg platform
273:Floating cable-stayed bridge
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538:by Mustang Engineering for
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221:deployed the world's first
217:Blue H Technologies of the
10:
593:
514:. Seawind Ocean Technology
298:List of tallest structures
54:moored floating structure
433:26 November 2010 at the
421:Deep water wind turbines
236:Seawind Ocean Technology
91:. This allows a simpler
283:Magnolia (oil platform)
202:to prove the concept.
192:offshore wind turbines
66:offshore wind turbines
33:
24:
483:. WindPower Monthly.
223:floating wind turbine
178:Use for wind turbines
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22:
577:Offshore engineering
572:Petroleum production
506:Jakubowski, Martin.
204:Computer simulations
38:tension-leg platform
544:Fuentes, P. (2003)
288:Mars (oil platform)
123:Prirazlomnoye field
512:Seawind Technology
206:project that in a
52:) is a vertically
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540:Offshore Magazine
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337:. Archived from
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257:Alistair MacLean
212:natural disaster
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530:Further reading
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93:well completion
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182:Although the
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145:Magnolia ETLP
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404:. Retrieved
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339:the original
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278:Oil platform
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111:Hutton field
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219:Netherlands
127:Barents Sea
567:Watercraft
556:Categories
518:January 7,
454:MarineBuzz
304:References
255:(1977) by
81:elasticity
32:transfers)
208:hurricane
158:Kizomba A
104:reservoir
85:wellheads
77:stiffness
485:Archived
464:July 21,
458:Archived
431:Archived
406:July 18,
400:Archived
267:See also
261:Seawitch
253:Seawitch
200:Cape Cod
186:and the
165:Ursa TLP
89:seafloor
491:24 July
125:in the
227:Apulia
231:Italy
79:(low
74:axial
44:) or
520:2017
493:2020
466:2020
408:2018
50:ETLP
160:TLP
101:gas
99:or
97:oil
62:gas
60:or
58:oil
42:TLP
558::
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441:^
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383:^
369:^
311:^
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36:A
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48:(
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