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limiting power to the elite of society, were contending for exclusive advantages at the expense of the mass of their fellow-creature." He saw under Europe's old order and lush surface, "an oppressive social order without any sense of divine law in nature" which sat in antithesis to
America's unexplored wilderness and less structured society. To Cooper, Venice's government is unable to meet the demands of its citizens, even representing its aristocrats as victims.
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deals with many political themes. Cooper would later explain that he wrote the novel because " the great political contest of the age was not, as is usually pretended, between the two antagonist principles of monarchy and democracy, but in reality between those who, under the shallow pretense of
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is predominated by dark settings and language. Following his political themes, the official political powers in the novel are often draped in dark settings. In this context, the few chapters which present Venice as brightly lit, depict daylight as a hypocritical false front. However, Moonlight,
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In 1829–1830, Cooper toured Italy with his wife and family. Starting in
Florence, where he spent considerable time absorbing the Tuscan culture, Cooper departed on a sailing trip around Italy, visiting many historic cities including
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was not very well received in the United States. The book largely focuses on political themes, especially the tension between the social elite and other classes.
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is the first of Cooper's three novels to be set in Europe. This group of three novels, which one critic would call Cooper's "European trilogy", include
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first published in 1831 in two volumes. Inspired by a trip to Europe where he traveled through much of Italy, the novel is set in Venice.
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unlike sunlight and artificial lighting, illuminates scenes of hope to overcome the dark "official Venice".
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Ringe, Donald A. (September 1963). "Chiaroscuro as an
Artistic Device in Cooper's Fiction".
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Proceedings of the Naval Court-Martial in the Case of
Alexander Slidell Mackenzie, &c.
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Loveland, Anne C. (Summer 1969). "James
Fenimore Cooper and the American Mission".
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Becker, George J. (March 1956). "James
Fenimore Cooper and American Democracy".
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Zoellner, Robert H. (Spring 1961). "Fenimore Cooper: Alienated
American".
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Goggio, Emilio (January 1945). "The Italy of James
Fenimore Cooper".
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Collins, Frank M. (March 1966). "Cooper and the
American Dream".
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Publications of the Modern
Language Association of America
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Publications of the Modern Language Association of America
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and much of Southern Italy. In Sorrento, Cooper finished
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The History of the Navy of the United States of America
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Marder, Daniel (Summer 1985). "Cooper's Second Cycle".
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Ringe, Donald A. (July 1991). George A. Test (ed.).
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654:: James Fenimore Cooper Society. pp. 124–134.
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209:Learn how and when to remove this message
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652:State University of New York at Oneonta
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128:. Like his other novels set in Europe,
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1112:A Letter to His Countrymen
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19:For the painting, see
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728:Leatherstocking Tales
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1023:Non-fiction
1006:Upside Down
767:The Prairie
263:Adaptations
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813:The Crater
293:References
136:Background
27:The Bravo
1204:Wikiquote
1059:Ned Myers
974:Wyandotté
918:Satanstoe
799:The Bravo
717:Works by
679:The Bravo
667:The Bravo
645:The Bravo
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430:The Bravo
377:163784515
256:The Bravo
249:The Bravo
232:The Bravo
228:The Bravo
157:The Bravo
147:Marseille
130:The Bravo
114:The Bravo
105:The Bravo
70:Publisher
616:Il bravo
287:La Scala
278:Il bravo
54:Language
1192:Commons
563:3189147
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373:S2CID
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281:, by
271:, by
222:Style
180:This
143:Genoa
74:Carey
65:Novel
62:Genre
444:2020
163:Plot
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