596:
33:
175:, with Darwin as a secondary priority, and had to consider the fact that a large portion of Australia's military and naval forces were deployed overseas. Ward's theory was based on an incomplete understanding of this plan (which had been submitted to and rejected by Ward's own government, catered for the defence of strategic northern locations, including
207:
referred to it during a press conference in March 1943, during which he coined the term 'Brisbane Line'. Ward repeated his assertions over the following months, and when asked to provide proof, claimed that he had been informed of the removal of documents relating to the plan from the official files.
202:
meeting in
December 1942, Menzies, among others, expressed concern that a responsible minister was making claims that could only be disproved through the disclosure of secret defence plans. Curtin did little to quell Ward's attacks, and Ward continued to claim that Menzies and Fadden were responsible
224:
to determine if such documents had existed, and if the
Menzies administration had made such plans. The Commission reported in July 1943 that there was no evidence supporting an official plan to abandon most of Australia to invading forces, and that the files for the time in question were complete.
167:, had advocated that in the event of an invasion, the majority of available Australian forces be concentrated in the area between Brisbane and Melbourne, where most of the nation's industrial capability was located. Mackay had previously been instructed to prioritise the regions around
144:) had prepared plans to abandon the majority of the continent as soon as the Japanese invaded, and concentrate defensive efforts on the south-eastern region. Ward had apparently been leaked the information by a Major working in the Secretary for Defence Office.
1138:
103:
referred to it during a press conference in March 1943, where he also coined the term "Brisbane Line". Ward initially offered no evidence to support his claims, but later claimed that the relevant records had been removed from the official files. A
1600:
1272:
230:
1612:
1594:
1364:
973:
upon the loyalty to the
British Crown of German Nationals resident in Australia whose property is liable to a charge created by the Treaty of Peace Regulations made under the Treaty of Peace (Germany) Act 1919–1920
1259:
on alleged improper practices and improper refusal to co-operate with the
Victoria Police Force on the part of persons employed in the Postmaster-General's Department in Victoria in relation to illegal gambling
1078:
to inquire into allegations affecting members of the
Parliamentary Joint Committee of Public Accounts in connexion with claims made by broadcasting companies against the Commonwealth Government (1930)
1012:
to inquire into extracts from the reports in
Parliamentary Debates of speeches made by Mr. Scullin in the House of Representatives on 7 and 19 August 1924, in relation to land tax matters (1924–1925)
198:
Ward did not present any direct evidence of his claims at the time, and
Menzies, along with all the ministers that had served under him during the previous government, denied the allegation. At an
108:
concluded that no such documents had existed, and the government under
Menzies and Fadden had not approved plans of the type alleged by Ward. The controversy contributed to Labor's win in the
748:
British New Guinea—Royal
Commission of inquiry into the present conditions, including the method of government, of the Territory of Papua, and the best means of their improvement (1906–1907)
658:
1576:
1618:
1547:
1182:
to inquire into and report upon the contract or contracts with Abbco Bread Co. Pty. Limited for the supply of bread to the
Department of the Army, and other matters (1941)
1055:
1588:
269:
53:
1703:
36:
A map showing Australian defensive concentrations in 1942 from General MacArthur's official report. The 'Brisbane line' is shown as a short black line to the north of
651:
961:
1118:
to inquire into and report upon the circumstances associated with the retirement of Lieutenant-Commander Alan Dermot Casey from the Royal Australian Navy (1934)
1195:
to inquire into and report upon certain transactions of the Sydney Land Sales Control Office, and the Canberra Land Sales Control Office of the Treasury (1947)
703:
to inquire into and report upon the arrangements made for the transport of troops returning from service in South Africa in the S.S. "Drayton Grange" (1902)
644:
869:
on the war—Australian Imperial Force. Report as to number of members fit for active service and number of reinforcements and enlistments required (1918)
1606:
1477:
1658:
1582:
1415:
99:
Ward continued to promote the idea during late 1942 and early 1943, and the idea that it was an actual defence strategy gained support after General
340:
846:
to inquire into and report upon certain charges against the Administrator and other officers of the Northern Territory Administration (1916)
464:
843:
on the charges made by D. L. Gilchrist concerning the construction of the western section of the Kalgoorlie to Port Augusta Railway (1916)
1185:
to inquire into circumstances under which certain public monies were used and to whom, and for what purposes such moneys were paid (1941)
1664:
1713:
129:
1000:
1708:
513:
423:
234:
667:
991:
in connection with sugar purchases by the Commonwealth through Mr. W. E. Davies in September and October, 1920 (1923–1924)
1723:
1541:
540:. Australia in the War of 1939–1945: Series 4 – Civil. Vol. II. Canberra: Australian War Memorial. pp. 711–17.
410:
191:
to slow invaders until other forces could be deployed), along with public knowledge of evacuation plans for regions of
1718:
1299:
619:
569:
246:
17:
1335:
to inquire into and report upon certain incidents in which Aborigines were involved in the Laverton area (1975–1976)
226:
109:
904:
to inquire into complaints by the munition worker passengers to Australia by the transport "Bahia Castillo" (1919)
1263:
415:
1422:
1219:
1198:
to inquire into certain transactions in relation to timber rights in the Territory of Papua-New Guinea (1949)
225:
The royal commission and the Brisbane Line controversy contributed to Curtin and the Labor Party winning the
875:
upon the public expenditure of the Commonwealth of Australia with a view to effecting economies (1918–1921)
250:
1188:
an inquiry into a statement that there was a document missing from the official files in relation to "The
76:. An incomplete understanding of this proposal and other planned responses to invasion led Labor minister
1468:
1447:
203:
for the "defeatist" and "treacherous" plan. Public awareness of the alleged plan was raised when General
156:
85:
1278:
into exploratory and production drilling for petroleum in the area of the Great Barrier Reef (1970–1975)
1684:
176:
172:
160:
264:, MacArthur claims that the Australian military had proposed designating a line roughly following the
636:
994:
in connection with joinery supplied to the War Service Homes Commissioner in March, 1920 (1923–1924)
245:
Proponents of the existence of the Brisbane Line proposal often refer to the existence of concrete
1121:
to inquire into the monetary and banking systems at present in operation in Australia (1935–1937)
461:
332:
532:
272:. MacArthur credits himself with the plan's dismissal in favour of offensive operations to stop
195:(which, instead of a total evacuation south, was to clear potential battle sites of civilians).
180:
152:
148:
121:
81:
73:
65:
1006:
on the method for determining the unimproved value of land held under Crown leases (1924–1925)
229:
by a significant margin, but Ward was effectively demoted by being assigned the portfolios of
1444:
of Inquiry into compensation arising from social security conspiracy prosecutions (1984–1986)
221:
199:
1501:
of Inquiry into the leasing by the Commonwealth of accommodation in Centenary House (1994)
1135:
on doctors' remuneration for national insurance service and other contract practice (1938)
8:
988:
on the circumstances attending the supposed loss at sea of the steamship "Sumatra" (1923)
273:
1438:
on the use and effects of chemical agents on Australian personnel in Vietnam (1983–1985)
183:, and instead of simply abandoning the rest of the country to the Japanese, advocated a
1355:
of Inquiry into matters in relation to electoral redistribution Queensland, 1977 (1978)
1139:
regarding the contract for the erection of additions to the General Post Office, Sydney
1557:
Inquiry into certain Australian companies in relation to the UN Oil-For-Food Programme
612:
The Brisbane Line Controversy: Political Opportunism Versus National Security, 1942–45
405:
625:
615:
575:
565:
541:
519:
509:
437:
429:
419:
204:
188:
100:
1361:
of Inquiry into the viability of the Christmas Island phosphate industry (1979–1980)
837:
on mail services and trade development between Australia and the New Hebrides (1915)
719:
601:
217:
105:
1432:
468:
64:
in the event of invasion had been proposed in February 1942, it was rejected by
56:. Although a plan to prioritise defence in the vital industrial regions between
184:
137:
89:
52:
to concede the northern portion of the Australian continent in the event of an
1601:
into misconduct in the banking, superannuation and financial services industry
1273:
on the statement of Lieutenant Commander Cabban and matters incidental thereto
863:
on Java and the East Indies, Singapore and the Straits Settlements (1917–1918)
1697:
579:
523:
433:
265:
141:
93:
1035:
on certain matters in connexion with the British Phosphate Commission (1926)
629:
545:
441:
1556:
1421:
into the activities of the Australian Building Construction Employees' and
1015:
on the finances of Western Australia, as affected by Federation (1924–1925)
531:
Hasluck, Paul (1970). "The "Brisbane Line" – A Study in Wartime Politics".
501:
499:
49:
1358:
of Inquiry into the efficiency and administration of hospitals (1979–1981)
1504:
of Inquiry into the relations between the CAA and Seaview Air (1994–1996)
1112:
on mineral oils and petrol and other products of mineral oils (1933–1935)
164:
133:
69:
1613:
into violence, abuse, neglect and exploitation of people with disability
1595:
into the protection and detention of children in the Northern Territory
872:
on Public Service administration, Commonwealth of Australia (1918–1920)
192:
125:
77:
1498:
of Inquiry into the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (1994–1995)
1317:
Independent Inquiry into Frequency Modulation Broadcasting (1973–1974)
666:
96:) had planned to abandon most of northern Australia to the Japanese.
61:
57:
37:
1365:
on the activities of the Federated Ship Painters and Dockers Union
817:
upon the Commonwealth electoral law and administration (1914–1915)
32:
508:(2nd ed.). South Melbourne, VIC: Oxford University Press.
257:
168:
808:
to inquire into certain charges against Mr. Henry Chinn (1913)
706:
on sites for the seat of government of the Commonwealth (1903)
1441:
on Australia's security and intelligence agencies (1983–1985)
823:
on food supplies and trade and industry during the war (1914)
136:, alleged that the preceding government under Prime Minister
112:, although Ward was assigned to minor portfolios afterward.
1453:
of inquiry into alleged telephone interceptions (1985–1986)
878:
on taxation of leasehold estates in Crown lands (1918–1919)
1320:
of Inquiry into transport to and from Tasmania (1974–1976)
1009:
on the assessment of war service disabilities (1924–1925)
253:, which were constructed in the late 1930s, as evidence.
233:(the assets of which were under direct Army control) and
1305:
Australian Post Office Commission of inquiry (1973–1974)
1212:
on the Port Augusta to Alice Springs Railway (1951–1952)
1474:
into grain storage, handling and transport (1986–1988)
898:
on industrial troubles on Melbourne wharfs (1919–1920)
722:, British New Guinea, on the 6th of March, 1904 (1904)
562:
Reminiscences of General of the Army Douglas MacArthur
1332:
into alleged payments to maritime unions (1974–1976)
1115:
on the wheat, flour and bread industries (1934–1936)
811:
on Northern Territory railways and ports (1913–1914)
591:
48:
was a defence proposal supposedly formulated during
27:
Supposed Australian defence proposal in World War II
1323:
on Australian Government Administration (1974–1976)
913:
on the increase of the selling price of coal (1920)
506:
The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History
309:
The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History
237:(most of which had been captured by the Japanese).
80:to publicly allege that the previous government (a
1577:into institutional responses to child sexual abuse
840:on Liverpool Military Camp, New South Wales (1915)
668:Royal Commissions of the Commonwealth of Australia
1704:Military history of Australia during World War II
1314:of Inquiry into the maritime industry (1973–1976)
327:
325:
323:
321:
319:
317:
211:
163:-in-Chief of the Home Forces, Lieutenant-General
151:in February 1942 (after Menzies, Fadden, and the
1695:
1553:to Inquire into the Centenary House Lease (2004)
907:on Northern Territory Administration (1919–1920)
709:on the Bonuses for Manufactures Bill (1903–1904)
360:
358:
866:on Navy and Defence Administration (1917–1919)
314:
159:coalition had moved to Opposition), where the
849:on Federal Capital Administration (1916–1917)
760:on stripper harvesters and drills (1908–1909)
751:on secret drugs, cures, and foods (1906–1907)
652:
337:Australian War Memorial's Online Encyclopedia
1052:on the Edie Creek (New Guinea) leases (1927)
355:
268:as the focus of defence during the expected
1651:
1619:into National Natural Disaster Arrangements
1548:into the building and construction industry
1056:on the Moving Picture Industry in Australia
478:
476:
462:Tank Traps near Tenterfield, NSW during WW2
1589:into trade union governance and corruption
791:on the pearl-shelling industry (1912–1916)
659:
645:
414:. Canberra: National Centre of Biography,
303:
301:
299:
297:
295:
293:
291:
289:
1428:into Australian meat industry (1981–1982)
725:on customs and excise tariffs (1904–1907)
559:
371:
1329:on intelligence and security (1974–1977)
1308:of Inquiry into land tenures (1973–1976)
763:on Tasmanian customs leakage (1910–1911)
534:The Government and the People, 1942–1945
473:
403:
392:The Government and the People, 1942–1945
379:The Government and the People, 1942–1945
366:The Government and the People, 1942–1945
130:Minister for Labour and National Service
31:
1448:into British nuclear tests in Australia
530:
406:"Ward, Edward John (Eddie) (1899–1963)"
286:
147:A memorandum had been submitted to the
14:
1696:
1431:of Inquiry into the activities of the
962:on the matter of uniform railway gauge
1640:
1523:
1390:
1241:
1164:
967:on pillaging of ships' cargoes (1921)
936:
901:on late German New Guinea (1919–1920)
678:
640:
614:. St Leonards, NSW: Allen and Unwin.
609:
504:; Morris, Ewan; Prior, Robin (2008).
115:
731:on the tobacco monopoly (1905–1906)
140:(and his successor, Prime Minister
24:
1326:on human relationships (1974–1978)
970:on Cockatoo Island Dockyard (1921)
715:on the Navigation Bill (1904–1906)
712:on the butter industry (1904–1905)
587:
411:Australian Dictionary of Biography
397:
343:from the original on 11 April 2013
274:Japanese advancement in New Guinea
240:
25:
1735:
1607:into aged care quality and safety
1478:into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody
1352:of Inquiry into drugs (1977–1980)
1300:Aboriginal Land Rights Commission
997:on the Navigation Act (1923–1925)
895:on the sugar industry (1919–1920)
794:on the fruit industry (1912–1914)
788:on the sugar industry (1911–1912)
1659:into Defence and Veteran Suicide
1641:
1583:into the Home Insulation Program
1416:of Inquiry into Drug Trafficking
1106:on performing rights (1932–1933)
1032:on Norfolk Island affairs (1926)
814:on powellised timber (1913–1914)
745:on ocean shipping service (1906)
594:
1714:World War II sites in Australia
1562:Equine Influenza Inquiry (2008)
1061:on the Constitution (Australia)
728:on old-age pensions (1905–1906)
564:. Annapolis: Bluejacket Books.
1423:Builders Labourers' Federation
754:on postal services (1908–1910)
455:
416:Australian National University
384:
270:Japanese invasion of Australia
212:Royal Commission and aftermath
13:
1:
1524:
1391:
1338:on Norfolk Island (1975–1976)
1242:
1165:
937:
881:on the basic wage (1919–1920)
679:
493:
1709:World War II defensive lines
279:
7:
1075:on the coal industry (1929)
820:on meat export trade (1914)
560:MacArthur, Douglas (1964).
339:. Australian War Memorial.
10:
1740:
1724:Queensland in World War II
1685:Royal Commissions Act 1902
161:General Officer Commanding
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1719:Politics of World War II
1665:into the Robodebt Scheme
1311:on petroleum (1973–1976)
757:on insurance (1908–1910)
54:invasion by the Japanese
1469:Chamberlain convictions
1109:on taxation (1932–1934)
1103:on Jacob Johnson (1931)
910:on taxation (1920–1923)
404:McMullin, Ross (2002).
153:United Australia Party
149:Australian War Cabinet
82:United Australia Party
74:Australian War Cabinet
41:
1029:on health (1925–1926)
1001:on national insurance
227:1943 federal election
132:under Prime Minister
110:1943 federal election
35:
610:Burns, Paul (1998).
249:near places such as
235:External Territories
200:Advisory War Council
216:Curtin appointed a
1542:into HIH Insurance
1049:on wireless (1927)
467:4 May 2006 at the
116:Ward's allegations
42:
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718:on the affray at
515:978-0-19-551784-2
425:978-0-522-84459-7
205:Douglas MacArthur
189:guerrilla warfare
120:In October 1942,
101:Douglas MacArthur
18:The Brisbane Line
16:(Redirected from
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1638:
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1532:
1531:
1521:
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1467:of inquiry into
1433:Nugan Hand Group
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1388:
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1290:
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1264:on loss of HMAS
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185:scorched earth
138:Robert Menzies
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90:Robert Menzies
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1190:Brisbane Line
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631:
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623:
621:1-86448-539-6
617:
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592:
581:
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571:1-55750-483-0
567:
563:
558:
547:
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511:
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502:Grey, Jeffrey
498:
497:
485:
484:Reminiscences
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266:Darling River
263:
262:Reminiscences
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157:Country Party
154:
150:
145:
143:
142:Arthur Fadden
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
113:
111:
107:
102:
97:
95:
94:Arthur Fadden
91:
87:
86:Country Party
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
39:
34:
30:
19:
1652:2021–present
1642:2021–present
1265:
1189:
611:
561:
549:. Retrieved
533:
505:
483:
457:
445:. Retrieved
409:
399:
391:
386:
378:
373:
368:, pp. 712–13
365:
345:. Retrieved
336:
308:
261:
255:
244:
222:Charles Lowe
215:
197:
146:
119:
98:
50:World War II
45:
43:
29:
1667:(2022–2023)
1661:(2021–2024)
1609:(2018–2021)
1603:(2017–2019)
1597:(2016–2017)
1591:(2014–2015)
1585:(2013–2014)
1579:(2013–2017)
1559:(2005–2006)
1550:(2001–2003)
1544:(2001–2003)
1480:(1987–1991)
1471:(1986–1987)
1450:(1984–1985)
1435:(1983–1985)
1425:(1981–1982)
1418:(1981–1983)
1367:(1980–1984)
1302:(1973–1974)
1275:(1967–1968)
1260:(1962–1963)
1222:(1954–1955)
1058:(1927–1928)
1003:(1923–1927)
486:, pp. 152–3
482:MacArthur,
251:Tenterfield
187:policy and
165:Iven Mackay
134:John Curtin
124:politician
70:John Curtin
1698:Categories
551:19 January
494:References
447:19 January
347:19 January
247:tank traps
193:Queensland
181:Townsville
126:Eddie Ward
78:Eddie Ward
1570:2011–2020
1535:2001–2010
1525:2001–2020
1492:1991–2000
1461:1986–1990
1409:1981–1985
1402:1981–1990
1392:1981–2000
1346:1975–1980
1293:1971–1975
1286:1971–1980
1253:1961–1970
1243:1961–1980
1220:espionage
1206:1951–1960
1176:1941–1950
1166:1941–1960
1129:1936–1940
1097:1931–1935
1090:1931–1940
1069:1929–1930
1043:1927–1928
1023:1925–1926
982:1923–1924
955:1921–1922
948:1921–1930
938:1921–1940
889:1919–1920
857:1917–1918
831:1915–1916
802:1913–1914
782:1911–1912
775:1911–1920
739:1906–1910
697:1901–1905
690:1901–1910
680:1901–1920
580:220661276
524:271822831
434:1833-7538
390:Hasluck,
377:Hasluck,
364:Hasluck,
280:Citations
231:Transport
173:Newcastle
62:Melbourne
1192:" (1943)
630:38816777
546:33346943
465:Archived
442:70677943
394:, p. 713
381:, p. 711
341:Archived
311:, p. 107
72:and the
58:Brisbane
38:Brisbane
1266:Voyager
256:In his
220:led by
1621:(2020)
1269:(1964)
1141:(1939)
974:(1921)
964:(1921)
628:
618:
578:
568:
544:
522:
512:
440:
432:
422:
258:memoir
177:Darwin
169:Sydney
128:, the
538:(PDF)
122:Labor
66:Labor
626:OCLC
616:ISBN
576:OCLC
566:ISBN
553:2011
542:OCLC
520:OCLC
510:ISBN
449:2011
438:OCLC
430:ISSN
420:ISBN
349:2011
179:and
171:and
92:and
60:and
44:The
1218:on
1700::
624:.
574:.
518:.
475:^
436:.
428:.
418:.
408:.
357:^
335:.
316:^
288:^
276:.
260:,
660:e
653:t
646:v
632:.
582:.
555:.
526:.
451:.
351:.
155:-
84:-
40:.
20:)
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