275:
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his policies against the
Byzantines. Frequently, Theodelinda corresponded with Pope Gregory (590–604) in letters, some of which are recorded by the eighth-century historian, Paul the Deacon. Some of the content in these letters concerned her husband's conversion. To further promulgate the Christian faith of the Catholics, she also welcomed Catholic missionaries across her realm. Taking full advantage of her piety and possibly to incentivize her continued Catholic proclivities, Pope Gregory sent her a series of silver ampullas of Syro-Palestinian craftsmanship, a gospel casket, and a golden cross from Byzantium. The cross was gem-encrusted and was meant as a symbol of the "impending Kingdom of God".
29:
287:—and instead, asserts that both political bargaining or naked force were more likely attributable to her choice. Whatever the real situation, a mere two months after Authari's death, Theodelinda picked Agilulf as her next husband and the two were wed. She thereafter exerted much influence in restoring
302:
While her husband
Agilulf retained his Arian faith, he allowed his son with Theodelinda to be baptized a Catholic. The Lombard king faced trouble from his dukes, who were convinced that he had consigned himself instead to the faith of the conquered. Agilulf did not permit Theodelinda's faith to shape
351:
Despite frequently and consistently pointing out the flaws and political antagonism of queens and duchesses throughout his texts, Paul the Deacon makes an exception with
Theodelinda, who he depicts in a very favorable light, making her into a
282:
So highly esteemed across the
Lombard kingdom was Theodelinda that when Authari died, she was asked to remain in power and to choose a successor. Historian Roger Collins has misgivings with the reliability of this claim—which stems from
261:
may have had an interest in encouraging this marriage as it would tie a
Bavarian Catholic with the Arian Lombards, something he did previously, when he promoted the marriage between the Frankish princess Bertha—great-granddaughter of
245:. Born a Bavarian princess to King Garibald, Theodelinda's heritage included being descended on her mother's side from the previous Lombard king, Waco, whose family had ruled seven generations prior according tradition.
325:
Within "the treasure house" that is the cathedral at Monza, one finds a splendidly detailed sculpture of a mother hen and her chicks made of gilded silver, which was likely another gift from Pope
Gregory.
322:(near Milan) and richly endowed it. Her support for the Catholic faith also included the establishment of monasteries—one at Bobbio, and later one at Pedona, among others according to Paul the Deacon.
318:
For a period of some thirty-five years
Theodelinda was queen of the Lombards. Perhaps to further exhibit her faith, she constructed a Catholic cathedral dedicated to
205:
when he reached majority, from 616 to 626. For well over thirty years, she exercised influence across the
Lombard realm, which comprised most of Italy between the
342:
Maintaining a relationship with
Theodelinda was in the interest of the Catholic papacy as it provided Gregory with a toehold on the Lombard court.
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Historian
Johannes Fried relates that this cross is known as the "Gregory crucifix" and is well preserved to this day.
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Brown, Thomas (1995). "The Transformation of the Roman Mediterranean, 400–900". In George Holmes (ed.).
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896:. In Charles G. Herbermann; Edward A. Pace; Conde B. Fallen; Thomas J. Shahan; John J. Wynne (eds.).
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299:. Her reach extended across most of the Italian peninsula between the Apennines and the Alps.
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266:—and the Kentish Aethelbehrt. Theodelinda's time with Authari was brief for he died in 590.
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Marina, Areli (2013). "The Langobard Revival of Matteo il Magno Visconti, Lord of Milan".
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The History of the Medieval World: From the Conversion of Constantine to the First Crusade
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Hartmann, L.M. (1913). "Italy under the Lombards". In H.M. Gwatkin; J.P. Whitney (eds.).
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The same year that Agilulf assumed the Lombard throne, the Pope Pelagius II had died and
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Shortly before Agilulf's death in 616, he named Theodelinda co-regent for their son
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Theodelinda was married first in 588 to Authari, king of the Lombards, son of King
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399:. Another of the gifts of this pope to the Lombard queen was a cruciform
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812:. Cambridge and London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
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are narrated in the frescoes painted in the Theodelinda Chapel in the
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and once he reached maturity, she remained co-ruler over the kingdom.
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Queens of Italy – Women in Power in Medieval Italy: Theodelinda
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407:. The history of the queen and her connection with the famous
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The Inheritance of Rome: Illuminating the Dark Ages, 400–1000
900:. Vol. 9. Robert Appleton Company and Encyclopedia Press
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978:. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
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732:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
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917:. Oxford and Malden, MA: Blackwell publishing.
831:. Vol. III . New York: Macmillan & Co.
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844:(1/2). University of Chicago Press: 377–414.
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774:. New Haven; London: Yale University Press.
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838:I Tatti Studies in the Italian Renaissance
770:Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes
395:, sent by Pope Gregory to her for her son
383:The famous treasure of Monza contains the
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976:The Roman Empire and its Germanic Peoples
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713:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
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217:, she convinced her first spouse
751:. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
415:, work by Ambrogio and Gregorio
173:570–628 AD), was a queen of the
1176:Anna of Provence (915–924)
936:. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
932:Wallace-Hadrill, J. M. (2004).
793:. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO.
749:Early Medieval Europe, 300–1000
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177:by marriage to two consecutive
1432:Queens consort of the Lombards
829:The Cambridge Medieval History
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320:St. John the Baptist at Monza
257:. There are indications that
237:She was the daughter of duke
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43:Queen consort of the Lombards
1230:Berta di Luni (1002–14)
1225:Theophanu of Constantinople
934:The Barbarian West, 400–1000
877:. New York: Harper Collins.
875:The Ruin of the Roman Empire
431:
391:, enclosing a text from the
291:to a position of primacy in
52:15 May 589 - 5 September 590
7:
789:Frassetto, Michael (2003).
33:Theodelinda in a fresco by
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1467:7th-century queens regnant
1427:7th-century Lombard people
1422:6th-century Lombard people
1122:Cunigunda of Laon (?)
1119:Bertha of Gellone (?)
709:Bauer, Susan Wise (2010).
1477:7th-century women regents
1462:7th-century Italian women
1457:6th-century Italian women
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1366:Joséphine de Beauharnais
1306:Isabella II of Jerusalem
1294:Beatrice of Hohenstaufen
974:Wolfram, Herwig (1997).
808:Fried, Johannes (2015).
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278:Map of Italy in 603 a.C.
1372:Marie Louise of Austria
1234:Cunigunde of Luxembourg
1089:Guntrude (712–744)
1065:Berthora (549–552)
951:Wickham, Chris (2009).
747:Collins, Roger (1999).
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1342:Elizabeth of Pomerania
1330:Margaret II of Hainaut
1282:Beatrice I of Burgundy
1156:Ageltrude of Benevento
913:Todd, Malcolm (2004).
409:Iron Crown of Lombardy
385:Iron Crown of Lombardy
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1472:German female regents
1390:Marie-José of Belgium
1108:Fastrada of Franconia
1092:Tassia (744–749)
898:Catholic Encyclopedia
892:Silva, Paolo (1913).
766:Duffy, Eamon (2006).
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239:Garibald I of Bavaria
145:Garibald I of Bavaria
1360:Isabella of Portugal
1276:Richenza of Northeim
1138:Richilde of Provence
959:. New York: Viking.
680:Wallace-Hadrill 2004
617:Wallace-Hadrill 2004
496:Wallace-Hadrill 2004
1482:7th-century regents
1447:People from Brianza
1384:Elena of Montenegro
1378:Margherita of Savoy
1354:Eleanor of Portugal
1324:Margaret of Brabant
1312:Isabella of England
1300:Constance of Aragon
1288:Constance of Sicily
1264:Constance of Sicily
1189:Marozia of Tusculum
1185:Alda (924–932)
1144:Richardis of Swabia
1132:Engelberga of Parma
1126:Ermengarde of Tours
1114:Luitgard of Sundgau
670:, pp. 341–342.
295:against its rival,
289:Nicene Christianity
1270:Matilda of England
1171:Bertila of Spoleto
1150:Bertila of Spoleto
297:Arian Christianity
280:
213:. Born a Frankish
1442:People from Monza
1399:
1398:
1380: (1878–1900)
1219:Adelaide of Italy
1201:Adelaide of Italy
966:978-0-67002-098-0
943:978-0-63120-292-9
924:978-1-40511-714-2
915:The Early Germans
884:978-0-06-078741-7
819:978-0-67405-562-9
800:978-1-57607-263-9
781:978-0-30011-597-0
758:978-0-31221-886-7
739:978-0-19960-582-8
720:978-0-39305-975-5
619:, pp. 53–54.
363:Gregory the Great
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1437:Bavarian dynasty
1348:Barbara of Cilli
1336:Anna of Świdnica
1258:Eupraxia of Kiev
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1207:Willa of Tuscany
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1252:Bertha of Savoy
1248: (1043–56)
1246:Agnes of Poitou
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54:May 591 - 616
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1392: (1946)
1326: (1311)
1296: (1212)
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1071: (560s)
1054:Amalasuintha
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1081:Theodelinda
511:Marina 2013
225:beliefs to
167:Theudelinde
163:Theodelinda
22:Theodelinda
1417:628 deaths
1412:570 births
1406:Categories
1069:Chlothsind
1060:Matasuntha
894:"Lombardy"
632:Fried 2015
605:Brown 1995
578:Bauer 2010
484:Duffy 2006
448:Silva 1913
427:References
405:True Cross
123:Gundeberga
69:Regensburg
1102:Hildegard
1048:Audofleda
866:194035594
593:Todd 2004
432:Citations
417:Zavattari
401:encolpion
207:Apennines
203:co-regent
195:Lombardia
185:and then
35:Zavattari
1213:Gerberga
1075:Rosamund
397:Adaloald
387:and the
352:heroine.
313:Adaloald
264:Clovis I
243:Waldrada
215:Catholic
209:and the
199:Adaloald
175:Lombards
155:Waldrada
119:Adaloald
904:29 July
419:(1444).
187:Agilulf
107:Agilulf
103:Authari
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307:Regent
219:Autari
201:, and
191:regent
189:, and
183:Autari
151:Mother
141:Father
99:Spouse
87:Burial
66:c. 570
49:Tenure
862:S2CID
854:JSTOR
330:Notes
293:Italy
255:Cleph
223:pagan
130:House
114:Issue
81:Monza
1096:Ansa
980:ISBN
961:ISBN
938:ISBN
919:ISBN
906:2013
879:ISBN
814:ISBN
795:ISBN
776:ISBN
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241:and
233:Life
211:Alps
75:Died
63:Born
846:doi
193:of
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