353:. Initially, he believed that only a small part of the common features displayed by Romanian and Albanian were due to a shared native element, attributing the great majority of links to a reciprocal influence. He later radically changed position, asserting that these commonalities were mainly due to a joint pre-Roman lineage. Capidan argued that the substrate's influence was visible not only at the lexical level, but also in phonetics and morphology. He noted that a part of the substrate elements extant in Daco-Romanian are absent south of the Danube.
357:
Slavic lexicon of Daco-Romanian, Aromanian and
Megleno-Romanian, he found 72 such terms. However, he noted that the latter two languages may have absorbed a part of these from Albanian or Greek at a later date, after splitting off from proto-Romanian. At the same time, Capidan was the first linguist who undertook a systematic study of Romanian's influence on the South Slavic languages. Although his comments on Serbian were limited to a few observations, he wrote an ample study with regard to Bulgarian.
178:. The following year, he became director of an institution he transformed into an exemplary place of learning, preparing not just economists but also students with an aptitude for science and literature. Capidan was at the school until 1919, and used this period for research. He gathered dialectal, linguistic and folkloric material for future studies, undertook fieldwork and also used as subjects his students, Aromanians and
20:
323:
linguistics combines a rich linguistic analysis with geographic, historical and socio-cultural facts about the peoples he studied, looking at their lifestyle and ethnographic profile. He helped resolve the controversy over where their ethnogenesis took place. By looking at certain linguistic peculiarities, he concluded that the proto-Romanian language was divided into two zones. One was the northern, which developed into
365:
semantic evolution, as well as common traits in phraseology and proverbs. However, he thought that their morphological construction was more divergent. Thus, while initially embracing the sprachbund idea, he eventually came to reject the idea of a linguistic union comparable to the
Romance or Germanic languages, as well as an approach that studied the Balkan languages as being related.
251:. He remained there until 1947, when he was obliged to retire. Extending his scientific interests into a wider field, he used his knowledge of linguistics and of the Balkan languages to emerge as a researcher with original views in the comparative study of the Indo-European languages. He also spurred development of the area among Romanian academics. He relaunched the
259:, employing more modern methods. He published a critical and historical study of Hasdeu, placing him in the context of the development of Romanian linguistics and philology and championing his merits as an Indo-Europeanist. For years, his laudatory view of Hasdeu retained a definitive status in regard to this sphere of his activity. Capidan held a special course on
374:
that certain
Aromanians were native to Greece, basing the theory on their phonetic transformations found only in the Latin elements of Romanian. Other names helped determine their inhabitants' occupation, leading him to conclude that the Megleno-Romanians' involvement with sheepherding was as extensive as their agricultural work.
397:
in
Thracian south of the Danube. Capidan was the first to attempt to explain why the two differed, somewhat anomalously since the Geto-Dacians and the Thracians spoke the same language. He proposed that the difference lay in the physical characteristics of the land occupied by the two groups. Drawing
373:
Capidan was interested in toponymy, particularly south of the Danube. During his
Leipzig days, he delivered a report on the Slavic place names of Thessaly and Epirus. Over the years, he offered etymological explanations for a large number of place names. He used several of these to argue for the idea
335:
Employing findings drawn from fieldwork, Capidan made observations about the bilingualism or even multilingualism of the sub-Danubian
Romance peoples, and was the first Romanian scholar to study this phenomenon systematically. He classified bilingualism into two types: natural or unconscious, and
364:
were few, he and PuČcariu were among those who laid the foundation for strictly scientific research into cultural and linguistic relations among the Balkan peoples. Capidan believed that the region's languages shared certain words pertaining to a common civilization, remarkably similar in their
356:
Capidan studied various issues relating to linguistic and cultural ties between
Romanians and Slavs. He argued that Old Slavic influence on Romanian began at some point in the 8th or 9th century, and that most of this influence came from Bulgarian, while a part was Serbian. Analyzing the common
211:
on a solid foundation. From 1919 to 1924, he was associate professor in the
Romanian language and dialectology department, lecturing on Aromanian and Megleno-Romanian. From 1924 to 1937, he was full professor of sub-Danubian dialectology and general linguistics. The Cluj years were the most
322:
Capidan's research interests focused on the realities of the sub-Danubian
Romance peoples, the Aromanians and the Megleno-Romanians. He published numerous articles and studies on the subject, culminating in two valuable monographs that have been called classics of the field. His writing on
377:
In his later years, Capidan published the first book on
Aromanian and Megleno-Romanian toponymy, as well as a Romanian toponymic dictionary. The latter work included an important finding on rural Geto-Dacian toponymy: that place names, usually four-syllabled, were composed of a variable
163:, dealt with Aromanian linguistics. While a student, Capidan published his first works on Aromanian dialectology and cultural history. After graduating and until 1909, he served as assistant at Weigand's Balkan Institute. In 1907, he met and began a lifelong friendship with
182:
who came from throughout the Balkan peninsula. He wrote studies of linguistics and ethnography, and collaborated on PuČcariu's dictionary. In 1909, he penned a reply in French to those who questioned whether the Aromanian language is Romance in origin and character. Titled
331:
later split); and the southern, which subsequently became differentiated into Aromanian and Megleno-Romanian. At the same time, he defended the notion of Megleno-Romanian as a separate dialect, noting the existence of nearly forty fundamental differences with Aromanian.
305:, he was allowed to continue working on the dictionary as an outside collaborator with the Linguistics Institute. Still involved with the project until his last months, when weakening vision forced him to abandon it, he died in 1953. In accordance with his wishes,
235:
involved material on the Aromanians and the Megleno-Romanians. The favorable intellectual climate in Cluj fostered his seminal works on the Aromanians and Megleno-Romanians, establishing him as an authority in the field. Elected a corresponding member of the
406:
refers to settlements or villages. This arose out of the Geto-Dacians' main occupation as farmers, their villages scattered among fields. Capidan asserted that they felt the need to name these placed with a term meaning, simply, "settlement".
267:, later turning the material into a study on guttural occlusives in Thracian. He also published a series of etymological notes on the extinct language in the bulletin of the Academy's literary section, which he co-edited with his friend
231:, would sit daily in front of files for three or four hours, more than once ripping apart an article on which they had worked for a week and restarting in a more logical fashion. Regarding the linguistic atlas, his assistance to
348:
Fluent not only in these two Romance languages, but also in Bulgarian, Greek, Albanian and Turkish, he studied the relationship between Romanian and the Balkan languages. Within this context, he addressed the issue of the
119:. His parents were the tailor Teohari Capidan and his wife Eugenia Vreta. After attending primary school in his native town, he followed his elder brother Pericle, a future painter, in emigrating to the
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132:
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productive and happiest of his life. He was among the most important representatives within the school of linguistics that centered around PuČcariu. He worked diligently at the
227:
His contribution to the dictionary involved an enormous sacrifice of time and energy; the work was exigent and tiresome. PuČcariu recalled how his colleague, together with
309:
in a simple ceremony. Capidan was married to Iulia George Dan, a housewife. The couple's only child, Emil, was born in 1912 and studied literature and philosophy at Cluj.
187:, it features both an argument based on science and a satirical flourish. This paved the way for other polemical writings in which he Aromanians' Romance character.
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and displayed talent in teaching Romanian and German. With the help of the Romanian consul, he obtained a scholarship that allowed him to study Romance philology at
775:
750:
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745:
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in 1928, he was elevated to titular status in 1935. His maiden speech, on the Balkan Romance peoples, was followed by a warm welcome from PuČcariu.
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755:
78:, as well as their respective languages. His research extended to reciprocal influences between Romanian and the surrounding Slavic languages, the
402:
suggests a ford, crossing or path, and is suitable to Thracian settlements, typically found in valleys, along roads and paths. On the other hand,
131:, but decided he had a different vocation and left in order to pursue a teaching career. Capidan returned to Macedonia, where he was hired at the
656:
248:
294:
795:
735:
725:
232:
195:
During World War I, in common with the majority of Aromanian intellectuals in Macedonia, Capidan entered the Thessaloniki-headquartered
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785:
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deliberate or scholarly. He discussed the causes, evolution and implications of bilingualism, discovering evidence of
196:
765:
86:, as well as toponymy. He made a significant contribution to projects for a Romanian-language dictionary and atlas.
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In 1909, he was named Romanian language professor at the Romanian Higher School of Commerce in
66:, where he spent nearly two decades, the most productive part of his career. He then taught in
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Intimitatea amfiteatrelor. Ipostaze din viaČa privatÄ a universitarilor "literari" (1864-1948)
247:, where he was made head of the comparative philology department heretofore led by the late
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50:, he studied at Leipzig before teaching school at Thessaloniki. Following the creation of
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RĂŠponse critique au Dictionnaire d'ĂŠtymologie koutzovalaque de Constantin NicolaĂŻdi
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35:
340:, the first step toward the dialects' convergence and ultimate disappearance.
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for a further ten years and was marginalized late in life under the nascent
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74:. Capidan's major contributions involve studies of the Aromanians and the
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220:. He continued to provide input on the dictionary as well as on the
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167:, who, after putting him through a three-month trial period in
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at the latter's Institute of Balkan Studies, and in editing
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after Capidan refused to sign an adulatory telegram for
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at the end of World War I, Capidan followed his friend
687:, Seria ČtiinČe Filologice, XLI/2003, pp. 221â230
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on Indo-European roots, he indicated that the suffix
34:
April 15] 1879 â September 1, 1953) was an
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Aromanian and Megleno-Romanian language and society
203:, he was invited by PuČcariu to help place the new
190:
360:Although his original contributions regarding the
681:Ana-Maria Pop, "Theodor Capidan (1879-1953)", in
216:and was a consistent contributor to its journal,
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776:Teachers at the Romanian High School of Bitola
127:priest, he studied at the central seminary in
751:Academic staff of the University of Bucharest
731:Emigrants from the Ottoman Empire to Romania
684:Analele UniversitÄČii de Vest din TimiČoara
343:
139:from 1904 to 1908. His professors included
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746:Academic staff of BabeČ-Bolyai University
761:French military personnel of World War I
697:. Bucharest: Editura FundaČiei PRO, 2002
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791:Members of the Romanian Orthodox Church
756:Titular members of the Romanian Academy
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279:magazine. Together with Papacostea and
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199:as a volunteer. After the war and the
796:Linguists of Indo-European languages
736:Romanian people of Aromanian descent
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301:. However, upon the intervention of
243:In 1937, Capidan was invited to the
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492:
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726:Aromanians from the Ottoman Empire
695:Balcanologi Či bizantiniČti români
295:stripped him of Academy membership
201:union of Transylvania with Romania
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675:George BariČ Institute of History
107:, a town that formed part of the
191:Cluj years and move to Bucharest
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271:. He collaborated closely with
214:Museum of the Romanian Language
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133:Romanian High School of Bitola
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386:. The invariable portion was
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7:
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10:
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351:Eastern Romance substratum
80:Eastern Romance substratum
786:Romanian magazine editors
741:Leipzig University alumni
535:NastasÄ, p. 187, 302, 492
222:Romanian Linguistic Atlas
205:Superior Dacia University
766:Aromanian schoolteachers
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344:Balkan language theories
257:Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu
95:Origins and early career
771:Romanian schoolteachers
691:Nicolae Čerban TanaČoca
338:linguistic interference
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245:University of Bucharest
816:Linguists from Romania
659:, Cluj-Napoca, 2010.
159:. His thesis, awarded
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285:Revista macedo-românÄ
123:. Slated to become a
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512:TanaČoca, pp. 102-03
489:TanaČoca, pp. 101-02
121:Romanian Old Kingdom
99:He was born into an
42:linguist. An ethnic
30:(April 28 [
811:Aromanian linguists
393:in Geto-Dacian and
721:People from Prilep
384:determined element
382:and an invariable
269:Dumitru Caracostea
137:Leipzig University
25:
781:Aromanian editors
665:978-973-726-469-5
362:Balkan sprachbund
290:In 1948, the new
273:Victor Papacostea
180:Megleno-Romanians
125:Romanian Orthodox
84:Balkan sprachbund
76:Megleno-Romanians
16:Romanian linguist
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229:Constantin Lacea
113:Manastir Vilayet
72:communist regime
48:Macedonia region
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52:Greater Romania
28:Theodor Capidan
23:Theodor Capidan
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149:August Leskien
145:Gustav Weigand
115:and is now in
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327:(from which
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307:was cremated
303:Iorgu Iordan
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281:George Murnu
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176:Thessaloniki
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806:Toponymists
716:1953 deaths
711:1879 births
598:Pop, p. 227
586:Pop, p. 226
574:Pop, p. 224
553:Pop, p. 223
503:Pop, p. 229
452:Pop, p. 222
440:Pop, p. 221
380:determinant
255:studies of
218:Dacoromania
705:Categories
641:References
169:Czernowitz
103:family in
233:Sever Pop
161:cum laude
129:Bucharest
101:Aromanian
90:Biography
68:Bucharest
46:from the
44:Aromanian
369:Toponymy
277:Balcania
265:Phrygian
82:and the
62:capital
40:Romanian
58:to the
36:Ottoman
669:e-book
663:
261:Thraco
105:Prilep
38:-born
411:Notes
404:-dava
400:-para
395:-para
661:ISBN
390:dava
313:Work
209:Cluj
155:and
64:Cluj
32:O.S.
207:in
111:'s
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