724:
785:
680:
740:
692:
708:
770:
664:
371:
650:
797:
598:
815:
610:
586:
638:
321:
622:
1390:
108:
568:
40:
200:, London to William and Mary Rowlandson. The baptismal record for St Mary, now in the London archives, clearly gives his birth-date as 13 July 1757, not 1756 as given in most earlier biographies. His father, William, had been a weaver, but had moved into trading supplies for the textile industry and after overextending himself was declared bankrupt in 1759. Life became difficult for William in London and, in late 1759, he moved his family to
1274:
423:. He dealt less frequently with politics than his fierce contemporary, Gillray, but commonly touching, in a rather gentle spirit, the various aspects and incidents of social life. His most artistic work is to be found among the more careful drawings of his earlier period; but even among the exaggerated caricature of his later time we find hints that this master of the humorous might have attained to the beautiful had he so willed.
448:] Mitchell Esqr., Cornwall" (1812) which was sold at the Sir Richard Onslow sale, Sotheby's, 15 July 1959. Another of Rowlandson's paintings is "Glorious Defeat of the Dutch Navy Octr 10 1797, by Admirals Lord Duncan and Sir Richard Onslow, with a View Drawn on the Spot of the Six Dutch Line of Battle Ships Captured and Brought into Yarmouth" (1797). Rowlandson also painted early scenes of
1307:
1322:
434:. He also produced many works depicting the characters involved in election campaigns and race meetings. However, his satirical works of London's street life such as the "pleasure gardens at Vauxhall, jostling with soldiers, students, tarts and society beauties", which exhibit acute social observation and commentary are amongst his finest.
739:
264:
164:, noted for his political satire and social observation. A prolific artist and printmaker, Rowlandson produced both individual social and political satires, as well as a large number of illustrations for novels, humorous books, and topographical works. Like other caricaturists of his age such as
259:
at the Royal
Academy and two years later received a silver medal for a bas-relief figure. He was spoken of as a promising student. On the death of his aunt, he inherited £7,000 with which he plunged into the dissipations of the town and was known to sit at the gaming-table for 36 hours at a
441:
His patron and friend
Matthew Michell collected hundreds of his paintings which Michell displayed at his country residence, Grove House in Enfield, Middlesex. After Michell's death his nephew, Sir Henry Onslow, sold the contents of Grove House at an eight-day sale in November 1818. One of the
1327:
168:, his caricatures are often robust or bawdy. Rowlandson also produced highly explicit erotica for a private clientele; this was never published publicly at the time and is now only found in a small number of collections. His caricatures included those of people in power such as the
437:
Rowlandson's caricatures include those on the medical profession which developed through his friendship with John Wolcot around 1778. He also earned money illustrating books of physicians and quacks. Later in life, he also produced caricatures on medical themes.
723:
218:
In 1765 or 1766 he started at the Soho
Academy. There is no documentary evidence that Rowlandson took drawing classes at the mainly business-oriented school, but it seems likely, as on leaving school in 1772, he became a student at the
663:
679:
691:
784:
707:
227:
Rowlandson was sent to Paris at the age of 16 (1772), and spent two years studying in a "drawing academy." there. In Paris he studied drawing "the human figure" and continued developing his youthful skill in
215:. As a schoolboy, Rowlandson "drew humourous characters of his master and many of his scholars before he was ten years old," covering the margins of his schoolbooks with his artwork.
463:
on 28 April 1827 aged 69 years. Some authors have suggested that his housekeeper Betsy Winter who inherited his belongings was his mistress but this has been rejected by others.
769:
585:
1405:
837:
597:
1317:
814:
1289:
204:. Thomas's uncle James died in 1764, and his widow Jane probably provided both the funds and accommodation which allowed Thomas to attend school in London.
862:
796:
609:
1402:, an exhibition catalogue from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Thomas Rowlandson (see index)
649:
290:, shown in the Royal Academy exhibition of 1784, had been engraved by Pollard, and the print was a success. Rowlandson was largely employed by
621:
90:
1294:
1446:
1441:
1374:
169:
370:
305:. They were the most popular of the artist's works. Again engraved by Rowlandson himself in 1812, and issued under the title of the
567:
459:
Rowlandson died at his lodgings at 1 James Street, Adelphi, London, after a prolonged illness, on 21 April 1827. He was buried at
1476:
1399:
1216:
1026:
637:
456:. Rowlandson's painting "Mr Michell's Picture Gallery at Grove House, Enfild" was sold by Sotheby's, London, on 4 July 2002.
1312:
407:
Rowlandson's designs were usually done in outline with the reed-pen, and delicately washed with colour. They were then
1328:
Catalogue of
Political and Personal Satires Preserved in the Department of Prints and Drawings in the British Museum
1481:
380:
1471:
453:
419:, the impressions being finally coloured by hand. As a designer he was characterised by his facility and ease of
400:
1461:
1451:
211:, then "an academy of some celebrity," where one of his classmates was Richard Burke, son of the politician
1456:
325:
430:
who was developed from about 1790 in conjunction with other
British satirical artists such as Gillray and
460:
1466:
243:
Rowlandson spent six years studying at the Royal
Academy, but about a third of this time was spent in
201:
173:
71:
1256:
476:
1358:
1352:
1259:
279:
248:
1436:
1431:
1410:
320:
8:
1331:
988:
396:
45:
1051:
Butterfield, William C. (2 April 1973). "The
Medical Caricatures of Thomas Rowlandson".
1176:
1128:
1095:
197:
177:
1385:
1344:
1222:
1212:
1168:
1133:
1115:
1076:
1068:
1064:
431:
291:
1394:
1238:
1160:
1123:
1107:
1060:
867:
763:
in some advertisements that
Macassar oil would stimulate hair growth on balding men
392:
375:
348:
252:
124:
879:
442:
best-known of
Rowlandson's paintings is "Hengar House the seat of Matthw [
1230:
352:
344:
270:, a self-portrait from 1787, showed that he could aim his caricatures at himself.
1381:
255:
with numerous sketches of life and character. In 1775 he exhibited a drawing of
871:
452:
where
Michell's sister, Lady Anne Onslow, lived after the death of her husband
384:
334:
237:
193:
107:
20:
1362:
1111:
1425:
1298:. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 787–788.
1285:
1280:
1226:
1172:
1119:
1072:
388:
302:
275:
244:
233:
220:
165:
39:
1242:
1234:
383:, and her sister Lady Duncannon. The man seated at the table on the left is
1415:
1249:
1137:
746:
212:
161:
157:
1151:
Sherry, James (1978). "Distance and Humor; The Art of Thomas Rowlandson".
1080:
331:
The same collaboration of designer, author and publisher appeared in the
208:
156:; 13 July 1757 – 21 April 1827) was an English artist and
1209:
Regarding Thomas Rowlandson, 1757–1827: His Life, Art & Acquaintance
309:
they had attained a fifth edition by 1813, and were followed in 1820 by
1180:
283:
229:
1096:"The Anatomist by Thomas Rowlandson (1756–1827): The Play's the Thing"
930:
Volume 97, Part 1, Jan–June 1827 (London: J B Nichols, 1827), page 564
760:
427:
263:
189:
1164:
449:
416:
412:
287:
1279:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
591:"The Devonshire, or Most Approved Method of Securing Votes", 1784
420:
408:
274:
In time poverty overtook him; and the friendship and examples of
207:
Rowlandson was educated at the school of Dr Cuthbert Barwis at 8
426:
His work included a personification of the United Kingdom named
685:"Doctor Syntax loses his Money on the Race Ground at York" 1812
251:. He later made frequent tours to the Continent, enriching his
67:
148:
139:
1338:
Dictionary of British Cartoonists and caricaturists 1730–1980
503:
accompanied by verses by William Combe (published in the new
232:. It was on his return to London that he took classes at the
903:
901:
1302:
1027:"High Spirits: The Comic Art of Thomas Rowlandson – review"
133:
969:
1400:
Prints & People: A Social History of Printed Pictures
898:
838:
List of erotic etchings and drawings by Thomas Rowlandson
444:
317:. He also produced a body of erotic prints and woodcuts.
517:
The Second Tour of Dr. Syntax in Search of Consolation,
1334:. Vol VI 1938, Vol VII, 1942 VOL VIII 1947, VOL IX 1949
1006:
945:
933:
485:
Etchings for a work by George Moutard Woodward, 1797–98
989:"Thomas Rowlandson | English painter and caricaturist"
957:
886:
257:
Dalilah Payeth Sampson a Visit while in Prison at Gaza
553:
Chesterfield Travestied, or School for Modern Manners
145:
497:
Etchings for a work by George Moutard Woodward, 1800
301:—a series of plates with illustrative verses by Dr.
142:
136:
130:
1308:
Thomas Rowlandson at the Victoria and Albert Museum
928:
The Gentleman's Magazine, and Historical Chronicle,
127:
866:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004.
523:The Third Tour of Dr. Syntax in Search of a Wife,
395:to his right. To the right the actress and author
1343:
495:Le Brun Travestied or Caricatures of the Passions
1423:
511:Tour of Dr. Syntax in Search of the Picturesque,
223:. According to his obituary of 22 April 1827 in
860:"The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography".
307:Tour of Dr Syntax in Search of the Picturesque,
294:, the art publisher, who in 1809—issued in his
286:as a means of earning a living. His drawing of
547:An Essay on the Art of Ingeniously Tormenting
731:Characteristic Sketches of the Lower Orders,
715:Characteristic Sketches of the Lower Orders,
699:Characteristic Sketches of the Lower Orders,
603:"The Progress of the Emperor Napoleon", 1808
411:by the artist on the copper, and afterwards
1050:
669:"Dr Syntax outside the Halfway House" from
541:Characteristic Sketches of the Lower Orders
324:Rowlandson at work in later life, drawn by
315:Third Tour of Dr Syntax in Search of a Wife
91:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
16:English artist and caricaturist (1757–1827)
1206:
951:
939:
907:
892:
399:stands next to the Prince of Wales, later
38:
1127:
1375:British Museum Bio for Thomas Rowlandson
1284:
1012:
975:
963:
379:(1785). The two women in the centre are
369:
319:
262:
106:
1093:
1024:
926:Rowlandson obituary in Sylvanus Urban,
863:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
790:"Exhibition Room, Somerset House", 1800
491:(series of eight sketches) c. 1799
1424:
1150:
855:
853:
671:Dr Syntax in Search of the Picturesque
615:"The Corsican Spider in His Web", 1808
1406:Thomas Rowlandson exhibition catalogs
1340:Bryant and Heneage, Scolar Press 1994
1207:Payne, Matthew; Payne, James (2010).
196:. He was baptised on 23 July 1757 at
1197:
922:
920:
918:
916:
573:"A Southwark Volunteer Cavalryman",
44:Thomas Rowlandson, pencil sketch by
1391:Works by or about Thomas Rowlandson
1200:Thomas Rowlandson: His Life and Art
1025:Cumming, Laura (29 December 2013).
850:
355:, and his designs will be found in
311:Dr Syntax in Search of Consolation,
13:
343:1817. Rowlandson also illustrated
14:
1493:
1447:19th-century English male artists
1442:18th-century English male artists
1368:
913:
357:The Spirit of the Public Journals
1272:
1065:10.1001/jama.1973.03220140081016
820:"A Gibbet on the River Thames",
813:
795:
783:
768:
738:
722:
706:
690:
678:
662:
648:
636:
620:
608:
596:
584:
566:
381:Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire
247:where he may have studied under
123:
1144:
1087:
1044:
1018:
454:Sir Richard Onslow, 1st Baronet
1477:People from the City of London
981:
114:, pencil, pen and ink on paper
1:
1313:Lewis Walpole Collection Yale
1191:
821:
803:
753:
574:
339:issued in 1814–16 and in the
880:UK public library membership
555:(sc Thomas Rowlandson), 1808
549:(sc Thomas Rowlandson), 1808
183:
112:A Sermon in Exeter Cathedral
7:
1254:Rowlandson the caricaturist
831:
529:The English Dance of Death,
415:—usually by a professional
10:
1498:
1382:Works by Thomas Rowlandson
1265:
1153:Eighteenth-Century Studies
559:
543:(series of sketches), 1820
18:
1112:10.1017/s0025727300008589
268:Discomforts of an Epicure
225:The Gentleman's Magazine,
202:Richmond, North Yorkshire
97:
78:
53:
37:
30:
843:
751:Iconographic Collections
501:The Schoolmaster's Tour,
466:
461:St Paul's, Covent Garden
174:William Pitt the Younger
19:For the footballer, see
1482:English watercolourists
1295:Encyclopædia Britannica
477:George Moutard Woodward
475:Etchings for a work by
299:The Schoolmaster's Tour
282:seem to have suggested
188:Rowlandson was born in
1472:British erotic artists
1353:Augustus Charles Pugin
1303:British Museum, London
1198:Falk, Bernard (1952).
952:Payne & Payne 2010
940:Payne & Payne 2010
908:Payne & Payne 2010
893:Payne & Payne 2010
872:10.1093/ref:odnb/24221
729:"Curds and Whey" from
404:
328:
271:
115:
1462:English caricaturists
1355:and Thomas Rowlandson
1094:Vincent, L M (2005).
629:Matrimonial Comforts,
483:Horse accomplishments
473:Cupids Magick Lantern
373:
323:
280:Henry William Bunbury
266:
249:Jean-Baptiste Pigalle
170:Duchess of Devonshire
110:
1452:English illustrators
802:"Vauxhall Gardens",
489:Matrimonial Comforts
1457:English cartoonists
1349:Microcosm of London
1332:Mary Dorothy George
1323:University of Liege
1202:. Beechhurst Press.
978:, pp. 787–788.
627:"Washing Day" from
397:Mary Darby Robinson
313:and in 1821 by the
46:George Henry Harlow
1290:Rowlandson, Thomas
697:"Great News" from
656:Cat Like Courtship
643:"Portsmouth Point"
535:The Dance of Life,
405:
329:
272:
198:St Mary Colechurch
178:Napoleon Bonaparte
116:
1467:English satirists
1411:Thomas Rowlandson
1386:Project Gutenberg
1351:, Illustrated by
1345:Rudolph Ackermann
1218:978-0-9554063-5-5
878:(Subscription or
759:, lampooning the
505:Poetical Magazine
432:George Cruikshank
326:John Thomas Smith
296:Poetical Magazine
292:Rudolph Ackermann
119:Thomas Rowlandson
105:
104:
32:Thomas Rowlandson
1489:
1395:Internet Archive
1356:
1299:
1278:
1276:
1275:
1246:
1211:. Hogarth Arts.
1203:
1185:
1184:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1131:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1022:
1016:
1010:
1004:
1003:
1001:
999:
985:
979:
973:
967:
961:
955:
949:
943:
937:
931:
924:
911:
910:, pp. 8–14.
905:
896:
890:
884:
883:
875:
857:
826:
823:
817:
808:
805:
799:
787:
776:Comforts of Bath
772:
758:
755:
742:
726:
710:
694:
682:
666:
652:
640:
624:
612:
600:
588:
579:
576:
570:
393:Oliver Goldsmith
391:to his left and
376:Vauxhall Gardens
236:, then based at
155:
154:
151:
150:
147:
144:
141:
138:
135:
132:
129:
85:
63:
61:
42:
28:
27:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1422:
1421:
1371:
1288:, ed. (1911). "
1273:
1271:
1268:
1219:
1194:
1189:
1188:
1165:10.2307/2737966
1149:
1145:
1100:Medical History
1092:
1088:
1049:
1045:
1035:
1033:
1023:
1019:
1011:
1007:
997:
995:
987:
986:
982:
974:
970:
962:
958:
950:
946:
938:
934:
925:
914:
906:
899:
891:
887:
877:
859:
858:
851:
846:
834:
827:
824:
818:
809:
806:
800:
791:
788:
779:
773:
764:
756:
743:
734:
727:
718:
711:
702:
695:
686:
683:
674:
667:
658:
653:
644:
641:
632:
625:
616:
613:
604:
601:
592:
589:
580:
577:
571:
562:
469:
421:draughtsmanship
361:The English Spy
186:
126:
122:
93:
87:
83:
74:
65:
59:
57:
49:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1495:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1420:
1419:
1408:
1403:
1397:
1388:
1378:
1377:
1370:
1369:External links
1367:
1366:
1365:
1341:
1335:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1286:Chisholm, Hugh
1267:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1247:
1217:
1204:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1159:(4): 457–472.
1143:
1106:(2): 213–218.
1086:
1059:(1): 113–117.
1043:
1017:
1015:, p. 788.
1005:
980:
968:
966:, p. 787.
956:
944:
932:
912:
897:
885:
848:
847:
845:
842:
841:
840:
833:
830:
829:
828:
819:
812:
810:
801:
794:
792:
789:
782:
780:
774:
767:
765:
744:
737:
735:
728:
721:
719:
713:"Saloop" from
712:
705:
703:
696:
689:
687:
684:
677:
675:
668:
661:
659:
654:
647:
645:
642:
635:
633:
626:
619:
617:
614:
607:
605:
602:
595:
593:
590:
583:
581:
572:
565:
561:
558:
557:
556:
550:
544:
538:
532:
526:
520:
514:
508:
498:
492:
486:
480:
468:
465:
385:Samuel Johnson
341:Dance of Life,
335:Dance of Death
238:Somerset House
194:City of London
185:
182:
103:
102:
99:
95:
94:
88:
86:(aged 69)
80:
76:
75:
66:
55:
51:
50:
43:
35:
34:
31:
21:Tom Rowlandson
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1494:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1418:
1417:
1413:on Lambiek's
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1364:
1363:Illustrations
1360:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1318:Chris Beetles
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1282:
1281:public domain
1270:
1269:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1250:Grego, Joseph
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1210:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1195:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1147:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1090:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1047:
1032:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1013:Chisholm 1911
1009:
994:
990:
984:
977:
976:Chisholm 1911
972:
965:
964:Chisholm 1911
960:
954:, p. 26.
953:
948:
942:, p. 15.
941:
936:
929:
923:
921:
919:
917:
909:
904:
902:
894:
889:
881:
873:
869:
865:
864:
856:
854:
849:
839:
836:
835:
816:
811:
798:
793:
786:
781:
777:
771:
766:
762:
752:
748:
741:
736:
732:
725:
720:
716:
709:
704:
700:
693:
688:
681:
676:
672:
665:
660:
657:
651:
646:
639:
634:
630:
623:
618:
611:
606:
599:
594:
587:
582:
569:
564:
563:
554:
551:
548:
545:
542:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
502:
499:
496:
493:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
474:
471:
470:
464:
462:
457:
455:
451:
447:
446:
439:
435:
433:
429:
424:
422:
418:
414:
410:
402:
398:
394:
390:
389:James Boswell
386:
382:
378:
377:
372:
368:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
336:
327:
322:
318:
316:
312:
308:
304:
303:William Combe
300:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
276:James Gillray
269:
265:
261:
258:
254:
250:
246:
241:
239:
235:
234:Royal Academy
231:
226:
222:
221:Royal Academy
216:
214:
210:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
166:James Gillray
163:
159:
153:
120:
113:
109:
100:
96:
92:
82:21 April 1827
81:
77:
73:
72:Great Britain
69:
56:
52:
47:
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
1416:Comiclopedia
1414:
1359:1904 reprint
1348:
1337:
1293:
1253:
1208:
1199:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1103:
1099:
1089:
1056:
1052:
1046:
1034:. Retrieved
1031:The Guardian
1030:
1020:
1008:
996:. Retrieved
992:
983:
971:
959:
947:
935:
927:
895:, p. 2.
888:
861:
775:
750:
747:Macassar oil
730:
714:
698:
670:
655:
628:
552:
546:
540:
534:
528:
522:
516:
510:
504:
500:
494:
488:
482:
472:
458:
443:
440:
436:
425:
406:
374:
365:The Humorist
364:
363:(1825), and
360:
356:
340:
332:
330:
314:
310:
306:
298:
295:
273:
267:
256:
242:
224:
217:
213:Edmund Burke
206:
187:
162:Georgian Era
158:caricaturist
118:
117:
111:
84:(1827-04-21)
64:13 July 1757
25:
1437:1827 deaths
1432:1757 births
825: 1790
807: 1784
761:false claim
757: 1814
578: 1798
209:Soho Square
1426:Categories
1243:Q117185079
1192:References
1036:1 December
998:1 December
993:Britannica
882:required.)
413:aquatinted
284:caricature
253:portfolios
230:caricature
98:Occupation
60:1757-07-13
1260:Volume II
1235:25966224M
1227:505749312
1173:0013-2586
1120:0025-7273
1073:0098-7484
507:) 1809–11
479:, 1797–98
428:John Bull
401:George IV
349:Goldsmith
260:stretch.
192:, in the
190:Old Jewry
184:Biography
1347:(1808),
1257:Volume I
1239:Wikidata
1138:15895757
832:See also
749:", from
450:Brighton
417:engraver
367:(1831).
359:(1825),
345:Smollett
333:English
288:Vauxhall
89:London,
1393:at the
1283::
1266:Sources
1252:(1880)
1181:2737966
1129:1088220
1081:4570139
560:Gallery
537:1816–17
531:1815–16
387:, with
160:of the
1277:
1241:
1233:
1225:
1215:
1179:
1171:
1136:
1126:
1118:
1079:
1071:
876:
778:, 1798
673:, 1812
409:etched
353:Sterne
101:Artist
68:London
48:, 1814
1177:JSTOR
844:Notes
467:Works
245:Paris
1223:OCLC
1213:ISBN
1169:ISSN
1134:PMID
1116:ISSN
1077:PMID
1069:ISSN
1053:JAMA
1038:2022
1000:2022
733:1820
717:1820
701:1820
631:1811
525:1821
519:1820
513:1812
351:and
278:and
176:and
79:Died
54:Born
1384:at
1292:".
1161:doi
1124:PMC
1108:doi
1061:doi
1057:224
868:doi
445:sic
1428::
1361:+
1357:.
1330:,
1237:.
1231:OL
1229:.
1221:.
1175:.
1167:.
1157:11
1155:.
1132:.
1122:.
1114:.
1104:49
1102:.
1098:.
1075:.
1067:.
1055:.
1029:.
991:.
915:^
900:^
852:^
822:c.
804:c.
754:c.
575:c.
347:,
240:.
180:.
172:,
149:ən
140:ən
134:oʊ
70:,
1245:.
1183:.
1163::
1140:.
1110::
1083:.
1063::
1040:.
1002:.
874:.
870::
745:"
403:.
337:,
152:/
146:s
143:d
137:l
131:r
128:ˈ
125:/
121:(
62:)
58:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.