Time - Knowledge

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destroy.... That is, space and time are internal or intrinsic features of the complete concepts of things, not extrinsic.... Leibniz's view has two major implications. First, there is no absolute location in either space or time; location is always the situation of an object or event relative to other objects and events. Second, space and time are not in themselves real (that is, not substances). Space and time are, rather, ideal. Space and time are just metaphysically illegitimate ways of perceiving certain virtual relations between substances. They are phenomena or, strictly speaking, illusions (although they are illusions that are well-founded upon the internal properties of substances).... It is sometimes convenient to think of space and time as something "out there," over and above the entities and their relations to each other, but this convenience must not be confused with reality. Space is nothing but the order of co-existent objects; time nothing but the order of successive events. This is usually called a relational theory of space and time.

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return to cyclic time and re-enter sacred space though its myths. Just here, as Eliade sees it, a new religious structure became available. In the Judaeo-Christian religions – Judaism, Christianity, Islam – history is taken seriously, and linear time is accepted. The cyclic time of the primordial mythical consciousness has been transformed into the time of profane man, but the mythical consciousness remains. It has been historicized. The Christian mythos and its accompanying ritual are bound up, for example, with history and center in authentic history, especially the Christ-event. Sacred space, the Transcendent Presence, is thus opened up to secular man because it meets him where he is, in the linear flow of secular time. The Christian myth gives such time a beginning in creation, a center in the Christ-event, and an end in the final consummation.

1869:, which allows the past to exist in the present. The relationship to the future is the state of anticipating a potential possibility, task, or engagement. It is related to the human propensity for caring and being concerned, which causes "being ahead of oneself" when thinking of a pending occurrence. Therefore, this concern for a potential occurrence also allows the future to exist in the present. The present becomes an experience, which is qualitative instead of quantitative. Heidegger seems to think this is the way that a linear relationship with time, or temporal existence, is broken or transcended. We are not stuck in sequential time. We are able to remember the past and project into the future – we have a kind of random access to our representation of temporal existence; we can, in our thoughts, step out of (ecstasis) sequential time. 9068: 2920:, Newton's concept of "relative, apparent, and common time" can be used in the formulation of a prescription for the synchronization of clocks. Events seen by two different observers in motion relative to each other produce a mathematical concept of time that works sufficiently well for describing the everyday phenomena of most people's experience. In the late nineteenth century, physicists encountered problems with the classical understanding of time, in connection with the behavior of electricity and magnetism. Einstein resolved these problems by invoking a method of synchronizing clocks using the constant, finite speed of light as the maximum signal velocity. This led directly to the conclusion that observers in motion relative to one another measure different elapsed times for the same event. 12252: 2699: 817: 2961:, and the human perception, as well as the measurement by instruments such as clocks, are different for observers in relative motion. For example, if a spaceship carrying a clock flies through space at (very nearly) the speed of light, its crew does not notice a change in the speed of time on board their vessel because everything traveling at the same speed slows down at the same rate (including the clock, the crew's thought processes, and the functions of their bodies). However, to a stationary observer watching the spaceship fly by, the spaceship appears flattened in the direction it is traveling and the clock on board the spaceship appears to move very slowly. 12173: 2988: 9062: 928: 715:, a physical mechanism that counts the passage of time. In day-to-day life, the clock is consulted for periods less than a day, whereas the calendar is consulted for periods longer than a day. Increasingly, personal electronic devices display both calendars and clocks simultaneously. The number (as on a clock dial or calendar) that marks the occurrence of a specified event as to hour or date is obtained by counting from a fiducial epoch – a central reference point. 12288: 12218: 11848: 8830: 2712: 3263: 829: 997: 684: 76: 8840: 2924: 12264: 2965:

crew perceives themselves as quickly traveling between regions of space that (to the stationary observer) are many light years apart. This is reconciled by the fact that the crew's perception of time is different from the stationary observer's; what seems like seconds to the crew might be hundreds of years to the stationary observer. In either case, however, causality remains unchanged: the

11859: 1527: 12276: 2815:, there must be a temporal component (and possibly a spatial one) to their separation. Events that have a space-like separation will be simultaneous in some frame of reference, and there is no frame of reference in which they do not have a spatial separation. Different observers may calculate different distances and different time intervals between two events, but the 2778:, postulated the constancy and finiteness of the speed of light for all observers. He showed that this postulate, together with a reasonable definition for what it means for two events to be simultaneous, requires that distances appear compressed and time intervals appear lengthened for events associated with objects in motion relative to an inertial observer. 3437:

with the left and future events with the right according to a certain MTL, this kind of horizontal, egocentric MTL is not the spatial organization of all cultures. Although most developed nations use an egocentric spatial system, there is recent evidence that some cultures use an allocentric spatialization, often based on environmental features.

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mean time; apparent time; Greenwich Time. 4. a limited period or interval, as between two successive events: a long time.... 14. a particular or definite point in time, as indicated by a clock: What time is it? ... 18. an indefinite, frequently prolonged period or duration in the future: Time will tell if what we have done here today was right.

3022:, and the distance it travels in that time is zero, because its velocity is zero. Relative to a frame of reference at rest, time seems to "slow down" for the particle. Relative to the high-speed particle, distances seem to shorten. Einstein showed how both temporal and spatial dimensions can be altered (or "warped") by high-speed motion. 4013:

special system of relations among instantaneous events. This working definition is offered by Adolf Grünbaum who applies the contemporary mathematical theory of continuity to physical processes, and he says time is a linear continuum of instants and is a distinguished one-dimensional sub-space of four-dimensional spacetime.

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The ideality of space is its mind-dependence: it is only a condition of sensibility.... Kant concluded ... "absolute space is not an object of outer sensation; it is rather a fundamental concept which first of all makes possible all such outer sensation."...Much of the argumentation pertaining to space is applicable,

3005:, measure different time separations between events, and can even observe different chronological orderings between non-causally related events. Though these effects are typically minute in the human experience, the effect becomes much more pronounced for objects moving at speeds approaching the speed of light. 5505:

The opposing view, normally referred to either as "Platonism with Respect to Time" or as "Absolutism with Respect to Time", has been defended by Plato, Newton, and others. On this view, time is like an empty container into which events may be placed; but it is a container that exists independently of

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Newton did not regard space and time as genuine substances (as are, paradigmatically, bodies and minds), but rather as real entities with their own manner of existence as necessitated by God's existence ... To paraphrase: Absolute, true, and mathematical time, from its own nature, passes equably

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First of all, Leibniz finds the idea that space and time might be substances or substance-like absurd (see, for example, "Correspondence with Clarke," Leibniz's Fourth Paper, §8ff). In short, an empty space would be a substance with no properties; it will be a substance that even God cannot modify or

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1. the system of those sequential relations that any event has to any other, as past, present, or future; indefinite and continuous duration regarded as that in which events succeed one another.... 3. (sometimes initial capital letter) a system or method of measuring or reckoning the passage of time:

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in Australia, revealed a similar distinction in which when asked to organize photos of a man aging "in order," individuals consistently placed the youngest photos to the east and the oldest photos to the west, regardless of which direction they faced. This directly clashed with an American group that

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theorizes that, according to the equations, the change in entropy occurs symmetrically whether going forward or backward in time. So entropy tends to increase in either direction, and our current low-entropy universe is a statistical aberration, in a similar manner as tossing a coin often enough that

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On the other hand, the crew on board the spaceship also perceives the observer as slowed down and flattened along the spaceship's direction of travel, because both are moving at very nearly the speed of light relative to each other. Because the outside universe appears flattened to the spaceship, the

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have a thirteenth month added to some years to make up for the difference between a full year (now known to be about 365.24 days) and a year of just twelve lunar months. The numbers twelve and thirteen came to feature prominently in many cultures, at least partly due to this relationship of months to

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contribution does not mean that space and time or the categories are mere figments of the imagination. Kant is an empirical realist about the world we experience; we can know objects as they appear to us. He gives a robust defense of science and the study of the natural world from his argument about

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points out, is linear. As man dwelt increasingly in the profane and a sense of history developed, the desire to escape into the sacred began to drop in the background. The myths, tied up with cyclic time, were not so easily operative. So secular man became content with his linear time. He could not

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focused on the directional gestures used when individuals used time-related words. When speaking of the past (such as "last year" or "past times"), individuals gestured downhill, where the river of the valley flowed into the ocean. When speaking of the future, they gestured uphill, toward the source

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Children's expanding cognitive abilities allow them to understand time more clearly. Two- and three-year-olds' understanding of time is mainly limited to "now and not now". Five- and six-year-olds can grasp the ideas of past, present, and future. Seven- to ten-year-olds can use clocks and calendars.

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in fiction since the 19th century. Travelling backwards or forwards in time has never been verified as a process, and doing so presents many theoretical problems and contradictive logic which to date have not been overcome. Any technological device, whether fictional or hypothetical, that is used to

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is calculated and classified as either space-like or time-like, depending on whether an observer exists that would say the events are separated by space or by time. Since the time required for light to travel a specific distance is the same for all observers—a fact first publicly demonstrated by the

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Time then is a kind of number. (Number, we must note, is used in two senses – both of what is counted or the countable and also of that with which we count. Time obviously is what is counted, not that with which we count: there are different kinds of thing.) It is clear, then, that time is 'number

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is a developing field of study. The question concerns how time is allocated across a number of activities (such as time spent at home, at work, shopping, etc.). Time use changes with technology, as the television or the Internet created new opportunities to use time in different ways. However, some

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This linguistic evidence that abstract concepts are based in spatial concepts also reveals that the way humans mentally organize time events varies across cultures––that is, a certain specific mental organization system is not universal. So, although Western cultures typically associate past events

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provides an everyday temporal orientation that differs from culture to culture. In western cultures, the MTL may unfold rightward (with the past on the left and the future on the right) since people read and write from left to right. Western calendars also continue this trend by placing the past on

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Time travel is the concept of moving backwards or forwards to different points in time, in a manner analogous to moving through space, and different from the normal "flow" of time to an earthbound observer. In this view, all points in time (including future times) "persist" in some way. Time travel

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taking place at the points A and B of a system K are simultaneous if they appear at the same instant when observed from the middle point, M, of the interval AB. Time is then defined as the ensemble of the indications of similar clocks, at rest relative to K, which register the same simultaneously."

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Time, Kant argues, is also necessary as a form or condition of our intuitions of objects. The idea of time itself cannot be gathered from experience because succession and simultaneity of objects, the phenomena that would indicate the passage of time, would be impossible to represent if we did not

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What is correct in the Leibnizian view was its anti-metaphysical stance. Space and time do not exist in and of themselves, but in some sense are the product of the way we represent things. The are ideal, though not in the sense in which Leibniz thought they are ideal (figments of the imagination).

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Philosophers in the 17th and 18th century questioned if time was real and absolute, or if it was an intellectual concept that humans use to understand and sequence events. These questions lead to realism vs anti-realism; the realists believed that time is a fundamental part of the universe, and be

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Similarly, in other ancient cultures such as those of the Mayans, Aztecs, and Chinese, there were also beliefs in cyclical time, often associated with astronomical observations and calendars. These cultures developed complex systems to track time, seasons, and celestial movements, reflecting their

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Rule 8.03 Such preparatory pitches shall not consume more than one minute of time...Rule 8.04 When the bases are unoccupied, the pitcher shall deliver the ball to the batter within 12 seconds...The 12-second timing starts when the pitcher is in possession of the ball and the batter is in the box,

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1.indefinite, unlimited duration in which things are considered as happening in the past, present, or future; every moment there has ever been or ever will be… a system of measuring duration 2.the period between two events or during which something exists, happens, or acts; measured or measurable

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views the past and the future as human-mind interpretations of movement instead of real parts of time (or "dimensions") which coexist with the present. This theory rejects the existence of all direct interaction with the past or the future, holding only the present as tangible. This is one of the

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is the organization of tasks or events by first estimating how much time a task requires and when it must be completed, and adjusting events that would interfere with its completion so it is done in the appropriate amount of time. Calendars and day planners are common examples of time management

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because it is a historical fact that one's grandfather was not killed before his child (one's parent) was conceived. This view does not simply hold that history is an unchangeable constant, but that any change made by a hypothetical future time traveller would already have happened in his or her

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Unlike space, where an object can travel in the opposite directions (and in 3 dimensions), time appears to have only one dimension and only one direction – the past lies behind, fixed and immutable, while the future lies ahead and is not necessarily fixed. Yet most laws of physics allow any

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In Greek mythology, Chronos (ancient Greek: Χρόνος) is identified as the Personification of Time. His name in Greek means "time" and is alternatively spelled Chronus (Latin spelling) or Khronos. Chronos is usually portrayed as an old, wise man with a long, gray beard, such as "Father Time". Some

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Time is what clocks measure. We use time to place events in sequence one after the other, and we use time to compare how long events last... Among philosophers of physics, the most popular short answer to the question "What is physical time?" is that it is not a substance or object but rather a

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a quantity measuring duration, usually with reference to a periodic process such as the rotation of the earth or the frequency of electromagnetic radiation emitted from certain atoms. In classical mechanics, time is absolute in the sense that the time of an event is independent of the observer.

3148:. Current established physical theories are believed to fail at this time scale, and many physicists expect that the Planck time might be the smallest unit of time that could ever be measured, even in principle. Tentative physical theories that describe this time scale exist; see for instance 1250:

in a time zone deviates a fixed, round amount, usually a whole number of hours, from some form of Universal Time, usually UTC. Most time zones are exactly one hour apart, and by convention compute their local time as an offset from UTC. For example, time zones at sea are based on UTC. In many

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1. A continuous, measurable quantity in which events occur in a sequence proceeding from the past through the present to the future. 2a. An interval separating two points of this quantity; a duration. 2b. A system or reference frame in which such intervals are measured or such quantities are

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Many ancient cultures, particularly in the East, had a cyclical view of time. In these traditions, time was often seen as a recurring pattern of ages or cycles, where events and phenomena repeated themselves in a predictable manner. One of the most famous examples of this concept is found in

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The record for the fastest time for circling the bases is 13.3 seconds, set by Evar Swanson at Columbus, Ohio in 1932...The greatest reliably recorded speed at which a baseball has been pitched is 100.9 mph by Lynn Nolan Ryan (California Angels) at Anaheim Stadium in California on 20 August

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Psychologists assert that time seems to go faster with age, but the literature on this age-related perception of time remains controversial. Those who support this notion argue that young people, having more excitatory neurotransmitters, are able to cope with faster external events.

885:. The idea to separate the day into smaller parts is credited to Egyptians because of their sundials, which operated on a duodecimal system. The importance of the number 12 is due to the number of lunar cycles in a year and the number of stars used to count the passage of night. 3414:

in the mind in terms of space. That is, instead of thinking about time in a general, abstract way, humans think about time in a spatial way and mentally organize it as such. Using space to think about time allows humans to mentally organize temporal events in a specific way.

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in the brain, with a greater firing rate allowing the brain to register the occurrence of more events within a given interval (speed up time) and a decreased firing rate reducing the brain's capacity to distinguish events occurring within a given interval (slow down time).

1731:. Relative time is a measurement of objects in motion. The anti-realists believed that time is merely a convenient intellectual concept for humans to understand events. This means that time was useless unless there were objects that it could interact with, this was called 4626:

In our opinion, it is not possible to reconciliate and integrate into a common scheme the absolute and non-dynamical character of Newtonian time of canonical quantization and path integral approaches with the relativistic and dynamical character of time in general

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aspects of time use are relatively stable over long periods of time, such as the amount of time spent traveling to work, which despite major changes in transport, has been observed to be about 20–30 minutes one-way for a large number of cities over a long period.

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General relativity does not address the nature of time for extremely small intervals where quantum mechanics holds. In quantum mechanics, time is treated as a universal and absolute parameter, differing from general relativity's notion of independent clocks. The

912:(southeastern Mesopotamia) regularly maintained timekeeping records as an essential part of their astronomical observations. Arab inventors and engineers, in particular, made improvements on the use of water clocks up to the Middle Ages. In the 11th century, 1876:; this theory says that any tensed terminology can be replaced with tenseless terminology. For example, "we will win the game" can be replaced with "we do win the game", taking out the future tense. On the other hand, there is a theory called the tense or 4414:. p. 3. "There is no well established terminology for the fundamental constants of Nature. ... The absence of accurately defined terms or the uses (i.e., actually misuses) of ill-defined terms lead to confusion and proliferation of wrong statements." 1704:

ruminates on the nature of time, asking, "What then is time? If no one asks me, I know: if I wish to explain it to one that asketh, I know not." He begins to define time by what it is not rather than what it is, an approach similar to that taken in other

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The prevailing consensus has been that Einstein's theory of gravity must be modified to fit within the framework of quantum theory when it comes to merging these two theories into a single, comprehensive framework, the scientific community has hit a

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This spatial representation of time is often represented in the mind as a Mental Time Line (MTL). Using space to think about time allows humans to mentally organize temporal order. These origins are shaped by many environmental factors––for example,

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We need to note the close ties between teleology, eschatology, and utopia. In Christian theology, the understanding of the teleology of particular actions is ultimately related to the teleology of history in general, which is the concern of

1502:, influenced by our senses, concepts, and imaginations. The phenomenal world, including time, is seen as impermanent and characterized by plurality, suffering, conflict, and division. Since phenomenal existence is dominated by temporality ( 3573:, procedures, timetables), or focused on the observation of past events with the expectation that the events will occur in the future (e.g., processes, projections). The use of a sequence of events occurs in fields as diverse as machines ( 950:

Incense sticks and candles were, and are, commonly used to measure time in temples and churches across the globe. Water clocks, and, later, mechanical clocks, were used to mark the events of the abbeys and monasteries of the Middle Ages.

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A quantity used to specify the order in which events occurred and measure the amount by which one event preceded or followed another. In special relativity, ct (where c is the speed of light and t is time), plays the role of a fourth

599:. Traditional definitions of time involved the observation of periodic motion such as the apparent motion of the sun across the sky, the phases of the moon, and the passage of a free-swinging pendulum. More modern systems include the 3965:

the measured or measurable period during which an action, process, or condition exists or continues : duration; a nonspatial continuum which is measured in terms of events that succeed one another from past through present to

870:, measured the passage of time from the shadow cast by its crossbar on a nonlinear rule. The T was oriented eastward in the mornings. At noon, the device was turned around so that it could cast its shadow in the evening direction. 3456:

The wide array of distinctions in the way different groups think about time leads to the broader question that different groups may also think about other abstract concepts in different ways as well, such as causality and number.

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reinterpretation of the physical concepts associated with time and space in 1907, time was considered to be the same everywhere in the universe, with all observers measuring the same time interval for any event. Non-relativistic

1434:. The former refers to numeric, or chronological, time. The latter, literally "the right or opportune moment", relates specifically to metaphysical or Divine time. In theology, Kairos is qualitative, as opposed to quantitative. 3009:

exist for a well-known average fraction of a second in a lab relatively at rest, but when travelling close to the speed of light they are measured to travel farther and exist for much longer than when at rest. According to the

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years. Other early forms of calendars originated in Mesoamerica, particularly in ancient Mayan civilization. These calendars were religiously and astronomically based, with 18 months in a year and 20 days in a month, plus five

1076:; most modern atomic clocks probe caesium with microwaves to determine the frequency of these electron vibrations. Since 1967, the International System of Measurements bases its unit of time, the second, on the properties of 1888:

is not real or unreal, it is something that is hard to visualize. Philosophers can agree that physical time exists outside of the human mind and is objective, and psychological time is mind-dependent and subjective.

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Relativity Theory May not Have the Last Word on the Nature of Time: Quantum Theory and Probabilism. 2017. Space, Time and the Limits of Human Understanding. pp. 109214. N. Maxwell. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-44418-5_9.

1231:(UTC) is an atomic time scale designed to approximate Universal Time. UTC differs from TAI by an integral number of seconds. UTC is kept within 0.9 second of UT1 by the introduction of one-second steps to UTC, the 2785:, a mathematical structure that combines three dimensions of space with a single dimension of time. In this formalism, distances in space can be measured by how long light takes to travel that distance, e.g., a 1205:(ordering of events). In modern times, several time specifications have been officially recognized as standards, where formerly they were matters of custom and practice. The invention in 1955 of the caesium 5541:, to time, so I will not rehearse the arguments. As space is the form of outer intuition, so time is the form of inner intuition.... Kant claimed that time is real, it is "the real form of inner intuition." 3082:

In the figures, the vertical direction indicates time. The horizontal direction indicates distance (only one spatial dimension is taken into account), and the thick dashed curve is the spacetime trajectory

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speakers read from right to left, and their MTLs unfold leftward (past on the right with future on the left), and evidence suggests these speakers organize time events in their minds like this as well.

1810:, but rather both are elements of a systematic mental framework that necessarily structures the experiences of any rational agent, or observing subject. Kant thought of time as a fundamental part of an 4797:

Lombardi, Michael A. "Why Is a Minute Divided into 60 Seconds, an Hour into 60 Minutes, Yet There Are Only 24 Hours in a Day?" Scientific American. Springer Nature, 5 March 2007. Web. 21 February 2016.

3047:, i.e., two events that appear simultaneous to an observer in a particular inertial reference frame need not be judged as simultaneous by a second observer in a different inertial frame of reference. 2053: 1872:

Modern era philosophers asked: is time real or unreal, is time happening all at once or a duration, is time tensed or tenseless, and is there a future to be? There is a theory called the tenseless or

1709:. However, Augustine ends up calling time a "distention" of the mind (Confessions 11.26) by which we simultaneously grasp the past in memory, the present by attention, and the future by expectation. 3869:

According to the theory of relativity it depends on the observer's frame of reference. Time is considered as a fourth coordinate required, along with three spatial coordinates, to specify an event.

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does not refer to any kind of "container" that events and objects "move through", nor to any entity that "flows", but that it is instead part of a fundamental intellectual structure (together with

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is the primary framework for understanding how spacetime works. Through advances in both theoretical and experimental investigations of spacetime, it has been shown that time can be distorted and

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has consistently eluded scholars. Nevertheless, diverse fields such as business, industry, sports, the sciences, and the performing arts all incorporate some notion of time into their respective

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The cyclical view of time contrasts with the linear concept of time more common in Western thought, where time is seen as progressing in a straight line from past to future without repetition.

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believed in absolute space and absolute time; Leibniz believed that time and space are relational. The differences between Leibniz's and Newton's interpretations came to a head in the famous

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In Philosophy, time was questioned throughout the centuries; what time is and if it is real or not. Ancient Greek philosophers asked if time was linear or cyclical and if time was endless or

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in science, technology, and medicine. A sequence of events may be focused on past events (e.g., stories, history, chronology), on future events that must be in a predetermined order (e.g.,

1760:. Without this presupposition, we could not represent to ourselves that things exist together at one and the same time, or at different times, that is, contemporaneously, or in succession. 3453:

consistently organized the photos from left to right. Therefore, this group also appears to have an allocentric MTL, but based on the cardinal directions instead of geographical features.

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Another solution to the problem of causality-based temporal paradoxes is that such paradoxes cannot arise simply because they have not arisen. As illustrated in numerous works of fiction,

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Núñez, Rafael; Cooperrider, Kensy; Doan, D; Wassmann, Jürg (1 July 2012). "Contours of time: Topographic construals of past, present, and future in the Yupno valley of Papua New Guinea".

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are considered to be in the present. The experienced present is said to be 'specious' in that, unlike the objective present, it is an interval and not a durationless instant. The term

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A limited stretch or space of continued existence, as the interval between two successive events or acts, or the period through which an action, condition, or state continues. (1971).

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The slope of the world line (deviation from being vertical) gives the relative velocity to the observer. In both pictures the view of spacetime changes when the observer accelerates.

7170: 5594: 4232: 2077: 5273: 1508:), everything within time is subject to change and decay. Overcoming pain and death requires knowledge that transcends temporal existence and reveals its eternal foundation. 11723: 1619:

believed that time correlated to movement, that time did not exist on its own but was relative to motion of objects. He also believed that time was related to the motion of

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is absolute: the movements of the observer do not influence whether an event occurs in the 'now' (i.e., whether an event passes the horizontal line through the observer).

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defines the second as 9,192,631,770 cycles of the radiation that corresponds to the transition between two electron spin energy levels of the ground state of the Cs atom.

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process to proceed both forward and in reverse. There are only a few physical phenomena, that violate the reversibility of time. This time directionality is known as the

1880:; this theory says that our language has tense verbs for a reason and that the future can not be determined. There is also something called imaginary time, this was from 4915: 8966: 5294:

New Myths and Meanings in Jewish New Moon Rituals David M. Rosen, Victoria P. Rosen Ethnology, Vol. 39, No. 3 (Summer, 2000), pp. 263-277 (referencing Yerushalmi 1989)

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of the river. This was common regardless of which direction the person faced, revealing that the Yupno people may use an allocentric MTL, in which time flows uphill.

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argues that, since every event has the characteristic of being both present and not present (i.e., future or past), that time is a self-contradictory idea (see also

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1. The continuous passage of existence in which events pass from a state of potentiality in the future, through the present, to a state of finality in the past. 2.

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Alarm clocks first appeared in ancient Greece around 250 BC with a water clock that would set off a whistle. This idea was later mechanized by Levi Hutchins and

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Time is not an empirical concept. For neither co-existence nor succession would be perceived by us, if the representation of time did not exist as a foundation

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of a rapidly accelerating observer in a relativistic universe. The events ("dots") that pass the two diagonal lines in the bottom half of the image (the past

1016:. They can be driven by a variety of means, including gravity, springs, and various forms of electrical power, and regulated by a variety of means such as a 7225: 5722:"The concept of time in philosophy: A comparative study between Theravada Buddhist and Henri Bergson's concept of time from Thai philosophers' perspectives" 7686: 6238:

Quantum causality and the arrows of time and thermodynamics. 2020. Prog Part Nucl Phys. 115/13. J.F. Donoghue, G. Menezes. doi: 10.1016/j.ppnp.2020.103812.

4142: 6625:; Roth, Walton T.; Kopell, Bert S. (January 1976). "Marijuana and ethanol: Differential effects on time perception, heart rate, and subjective response". 5892: 3851: 5965: 5576:

already possess the capacity to represent objects in time.... Another way to put the point is to say that the fact that the mind of the knower makes the

1227:(UT1) is mean solar time at 0° longitude, computed from astronomical observations. It varies from TAI because of the irregularities in Earth's rotation. 7120: 6976:

Bottini, Roberto; Crepaldi, Davide; Casasanto, Daniel; Crollen, Virgine; Collignon, Olivier (1 August 2015). "Space and time in the sighted and blind".

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The animations visualise the different treatments of time in the Newtonian and the relativistic descriptions. At the heart of these differences are the

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is 60 minutes or 3600 seconds in length. A day is usually 24 hours or 86,400 seconds in length; however, the duration of a calendar day can vary due to

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A duration or relation of events expressed in terms of past, present, and future, and measured in units such as minutes, hours, days, months, or years.

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Throughout history, time has been an important subject of study in religion, philosophy, and science. Temporal measurement has occupied scientists and

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the mind's role in making nature. All discursive, rational beings must conceive of the physical world as spatially and temporally unified, he argues.

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without relation to anything external, and thus without reference to any change or way of measuring of time (e.g., the hour, day, month, or year).

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was only slowly adopted by different nations over a period of centuries, but it is now by far the most commonly used calendar around the world.

12338: 10820: 7743: 7735: 3550:. A sequence of events that includes the time along with place or location information to describe a sequential path may be referred to as a 2743: 6175: 5739: 3538:, or cause and effect may appear together in a single item, but effect never precedes cause. A sequence of events can be presented in text, 11902: 10632: 10508: 10211: 9887: 8882: 2994:: Event B is simultaneous with A in the green reference frame, but it occurred before in the blue frame, and occurs later in the red frame. 7285: 5626: 12333: 7181: 6049: 5380: 2332: 6899: 6792:

Wada Y, Masuda T, Noguchi K, 2005, "Temporal illusion called 'kappa effect' in event perception" Perception 34 ECVP Abstract Supplement.

3561:), directions and steps in procedures, and timetables for scheduling activities. A sequence of events may also be used to help describe 6600: 5519: 4893: 3361:

is the use of response time in perceptual-motor tasks to infer the content, duration, and temporal sequencing of cognitive operations.

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either ceases to exist in the past or the outcomes of such decisions are predetermined. As such, it would not be possible to enact the

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Two contrasting viewpoints on time divide prominent philosophers. One view is that time is part of the fundamental structure of the

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A nonspatial continuum in which events occur in apparently irreversible succession from the past through the present to the future.

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believed that time was made by the Creator at the same instant as the heavens. He also says that time is a period of motion of the

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Radiative arrow of time, manifested in waves (e.g. light and sound) travelling only expanding (rather than focusing) in time (see

1336:" or "Wheel of Time." According to this belief, the universe undergoes endless cycles of creation, preservation, and destruction. 10501: 8875: 8439: 8275: 7601: 7248: 6283:

The Arrow of Time. 2016. Cosmological and Psychological Time. 285/155-62. M. Hemmo, O. Shenker. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-22590-6_9.

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Time's Pendulum: From Sundials to Atomic Clocks, the Fascinating History of Timekeeping and how Our Discoveries Changed the World

3678: 634:. Although this aids in practical measurements, it does not address the essence of time. Physicists developed the concept of the 6567: 4735:"French Republican Calendar | Chronology." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 21 February 2016. 3903: 2009: 1603:

It is believed that there was repeating ages over the lifespan of the universe. This led to beliefs like cycles of rebirth and

1599:. These philosophers had different ways of explaining time; for instance, ancient Indian philosophers had something called the 1065:, which are accurate to seconds in many millions of years, and are used to calibrate other clocks and timekeeping instruments. 428: 6136: 5838: 4582:

Thus, the causal structure poset (M, ≺) of a future and past distinguishing spacetime is equivalent to its conformal geometry.

4023: 3879: 3828: 11693: 10861: 7904: 7793: 7752: 7696: 7675: 7644: 7611: 7587: 7564: 7503: 7475: 7425: 7401: 7373: 7350: 7335: 7317: 7154: 7093: 6877: 6731: 6560:"Differential effects of cocaine and ketamine on time estimation: Implications for neurobiological models of interval timing" 6424: 6390: 6169: 6043: 6002: 5772: 5604: 5358: 5319: 5233: 5187: 5140: 5110: 5057: 4923: 4782: 4683: 4520: 4481: 4382: 4264: 4203: 4121: 1822:

does not refer to any kind of entity that "flows," that objects "move through," or that is a "container" for events. Spatial

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consists of reconciling these two theories. As of 2024, there is no generally accepted theory of quantum general relativity.

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The Nature and Origin of Time-Asymmetric Spacetime Structures. 2014. Springer Handbook of Spacetime. pp. 185–196. H.D. Zeh.

6109: 4487: 3763: 1496:, time is integral to the phenomenal world, which lacks independent reality. Time and the phenomenal world are products of 591:

The concept of time can be complex. Multiple notions exist and defining time in a manner applicable to all fields without

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of items, facts, events, actions, changes, or procedural steps, arranged in time order (chronological order), often with

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was a unit of time referred to as the smallest possible division of time. The earliest known occurrence in English is in

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eventually heads will result ten times in a row. However, this theory is not supported empirically in local experiment.

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is a measure of distance, and a meter is now defined in terms of how far light travels in a certain amount of time. Two

12192: 10005: 7721: 7177: 5024: 4981: 3251: 904:. They could be used to measure the hours even at night but required manual upkeep to replenish the flow of water. The 522: 7711: 7267: 6763: 1848:

believed that time was neither a real homogeneous medium nor a mental construct, but possesses what he referred to as

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component to time, but whether or not time itself is "felt", as a sensation, or is a judgment, is a matter of debate.

12323: 10206: 9802: 9140: 7811: 7447: 7443: 6226: 6205: 5454: 4848: 4828: 3588: 2736: 1716: 1656:

goes through repeated cycles of creation, destruction and rebirth, with each cycle lasting 4,320 million years.

804:'s days consisted of ten hours of a hundred minutes of a hundred seconds, which marked a deviation from the base 12 ( 3483:

and awareness of time measurements, and people's expectations concerning the observance of these customs by others.

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Complexity and the Arrow of Time. 2013. Complexity and the Arrow of Time. pp. 1–357. doi: 10.1017/cbo9781139225700.

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of movement in respect of the before and after', and is continuous since it is an attribute of what is continuous.

3584: 2698: 1217:, for most practical purposes, by newer time standards based wholly or partly on atomic time using the SI second. 12318: 11643: 10746: 8389: 8044: 7221: 5562: 4436: 4112:"Newton did for time what the Greek geometers did for space, idealized it into an exactly measurable dimension." 3642: 2072: 1977: 660: 193: 7702: 4916:"New atomic clock can keep time for 200 million years: Super-precise instruments vital to deep space navigation" 3804: 3250:

past, resulting in the reality that the traveller moves from. More elaboration on this view can be found in the

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The indefinite continued progress of existence and events in the past, present, and future regarded as a whole

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is no longer applicable: events move up and down in the figure depending on the acceleration of the observer.

3108:" of the observer. Notice that with the change from a Newtonian to a relativistic description, the concept of 1034:

is a portable timekeeper that meets certain precision standards. Initially, the term was used to refer to the

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to add days or months to some years, seasons quickly drift in a calendar based solely on twelve lunar months.

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The Direction of Time. 2015. Time: A Philosophical Introduction. pp. 191–214. J. Harrington, J. Harrington.

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to cast a shadow on a set of markings calibrated to the hour. The position of the shadow marks the hour in

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can be used to measure the passage of time. It also concretely represents the present as being between the

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have coordinates that may vary for different observers, making concepts like "now" and "here" relative. In

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with the invention of pendulum-driven clocks along with the invention of the minute hand by Jost Burgi.

12242: 11808: 11274: 10889: 10395: 10375: 9016: 9001: 8939: 8918: 7994: 7974: 7821: 7206: 5997:. Studies in the History of Religions, 54. The Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers. pp. 53–59. 3620: 3395: 3227: 3044: 2991: 2616: 2505: 2431: 2291: 2224: 1275: 1263: 1228: 1150: 913: 801: 604: 421: 4976: 816: 611:. Although these systems differ from one another, with careful measurements they can be synchronized. 12085: 11544: 11379: 10999: 10854: 10802: 10660: 10385: 10357: 10190: 9969: 9170: 8981: 8705: 8554: 8434: 7984: 7897: 7861: 7393: 7387: 5003: 4305: 4083: 3976: 3596: 3027: 2893: 2864: 2370: 1794: 1472:

Rabbis sometimes saw time like "an accordion that was expanded and collapsed at will." According to

1236: 1220: 1088: 1005: 985:, which ultimately derives from Celtic and is cognate with French, Latin, and German words that mean 638:

continuum, where events are assigned four coordinates: three for space and one for time. Events like

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Getting organized at work : 24 lessons to set goals, establish priorities, and manage your time

1167:(min) is 60 seconds in length (or, rarely, 59 or 61 seconds when leap seconds are employed), and an 1133:

As of May 2010, the smallest time interval uncertainty in direct measurements is on the order of 12

11818: 11753: 10776: 10705: 10452: 9651: 8404: 7495: 7281: 7106: 7078: 6414: 4641:"Revolutionary theory finally unites quantum mechanics and Einstein's theory of general relativity" 3484: 2646: 2490: 1972: 1573:

and number) within which humans sequence and compare events. This second view, in the tradition of

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and economic rules, conventions, customs, and expectations governing the measurement of time, the

3226:. Some interpretations of time travel resolve this by accepting the possibility of travel between 2946:

Time has historically been closely related with space, the two together merging into spacetime in

12197: 11683: 11613: 11494: 11279: 10959: 10827: 10390: 10340: 10127: 9974: 9430: 9208: 9110: 9026: 9021: 8660: 8311: 6256:

Time irreversibility in active matter, from micro to macro. 2022. Nat Rev Phys. 4/3, pp. 167–183.

6159: 5721: 4671: 3429: 3316: 3169: 3072: 2849: 2596: 2360: 1788: 1770: 1559: 1531: 1223:(TAI) is the primary international time standard from which other time standards are calculated. 507: 327: 3303:

The brain's judgment of time is known to be a highly distributed system, including at least the

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showed in his thought experiments that people travelling at different speeds, while agreeing on

2636: 1913:, held that: "Time is not a reality (hypostasis), but a concept (noêma) or a measure (metron)." 1607:. The Greek philosophers believe that the universe was infinite, and was an illusion to humans. 12221: 11555: 11449: 11429: 11306: 11234: 11179: 11102: 10884: 10766: 10528: 10290: 10091: 9837: 9736: 8014: 6670:"Self in Time: Imagined Self-Location Influences Neural Activity Related to Mental Time Travel" 5623: 3625: 3391: 3192: 3076: 2641: 2458: 1981: 1854:. Duration, in Bergson's view, was creativity and memory as an essential component of reality. 952: 654:, these coordinates do not directly correspond to the causal structure of events. Instead, the 623: 6829:

Bowers, Kenneth; Brenneman, Heather A. (January 1979). "Hypnosis and the perception of time".

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Time quantization is a hypothetical concept. In the modern established physical theories (the

1960:, argue quantum equations of the universe take their true form when expressed in the timeless 955:(1292–1336), abbot of St. Alban's abbey, famously built a mechanical clock as an astronomical 12202: 11743: 11653: 11524: 11214: 11159: 11154: 11112: 11040: 10974: 10904: 10813: 10675: 10665: 10549: 9892: 9583: 8843: 8475: 8420: 8374: 8359: 8004: 6896: 6380: 5117: 4885: 4429:"Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) Metaphysics – 7. Space, Time, and Indiscernibles" 3693: 3579: 3562: 2931:

are absolute, the "present" is a relative concept different for observers in relative motion.

2651: 2626: 2312: 2130: 1937: 1850: 1555: 1368: 1307: 1092: 1069: 1013: 534: 414: 114: 38: 6559: 5762: 5523: 4663: 3410:

Although time is regarded as an abstract concept, there is increasing evidence that time is

3087:") of the observer. The small dots indicate specific (past and future) events in spacetime. 1585:

is neither an event nor a thing, and thus is not itself measurable nor can it be travelled.

11945: 11851: 11788: 11249: 11224: 11149: 10847: 10325: 10266: 10242: 10237: 9410: 9324: 9150: 9011: 8726: 8695: 8144: 8039: 7890: 7759: 7526: 6759: 4607: 4563: 4469: 4244: 3428:

the left with the future progressing toward the right. Conversely, Arabic, Farsi, Urdu and

3149: 2671: 2631: 2539: 2535: 2527: 2517: 2307: 2300: 2056: 1612: 1252: 1172: 1043: 849: 457: 6484: 2666: 8: 12348: 12112: 11633: 11469: 11434: 11414: 11369: 11184: 11174: 11144: 10751: 10670: 10352: 10247: 10165: 10155: 9930: 9847: 9827: 9817: 9644: 9620: 9415: 9270: 9135: 9087: 8600: 8059: 8019: 4949: 4664: 4341: 3688: 3592: 3539: 3411: 3246: 3104:

is absolute: the movements of the observer do not influence whether an event passes the "

3002: 2917: 2905: 2768: 2446: 2387: 2365: 2110: 2105: 2100: 2000: 1918: 1831: 1686: 592: 572: 11349: 8956: 7784:

Time in History. The evolution of our general awareness of time and temporal perspective

7530: 4611: 4567: 4473: 4248: 808:) system used in many other devices by many cultures. The system was abolished in 1806. 12373: 12137: 11823: 11813: 11583: 11573: 11077: 10989: 10690: 10477: 10457: 10335: 10320: 10305: 10227: 10026: 9990: 9792: 9595: 9369: 9293: 9223: 8549: 8527: 8394: 8218: 8189: 8124: 8117: 7553: 7489: 7060: 7011: 6951: 6694: 6669: 6650: 6592: 6535: 6510: 6476: 5834: 5802: 5652: 5624:

The Function of Conscious Experience: An Analogical Paradigm of Perception and Behavior

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may be the reason for this. Such chemicals will either excite or inhibit the firing of

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The relationship(s) between these different Arrows of Time is a hotly debated topic in

2889: 2812: 2795: 2790: 2775: 2576: 2317: 2192: 2160: 2120: 1932: 1917:

went further, maintaining that time, motion, and change were illusions, leading to the

1814:

conceptual framework, together with space and number, within which we sequence events,

1811: 1803: 1701: 1676: 1657: 1360: 1035: 967: 944: 786: 746: 655: 651: 639: 545: 492: 453: 353: 198: 7617: 7240: 12343: 11863: 11593: 11509: 11464: 11050: 11019: 10761: 10594: 10285: 10081: 10076: 9920: 9756: 9443: 9308: 9125: 8854: 8630: 8509: 8409: 8262: 8165: 8069: 7789: 7782: 7748: 7717: 7692: 7671: 7665: 7640: 7634: 7607: 7583: 7560: 7499: 7471: 7439: 7421: 7415: 7397: 7369: 7346: 7331: 7313: 7150: 7089: 7052: 7003: 6943: 6873: 6846: 6727: 6699: 6642: 6622: 6584: 6540: 6526: 6420: 6386: 6222: 6201: 6165: 6039: 5998: 5768: 5600: 5417: 5354: 5315: 5229: 5219: 5183: 5136: 5106: 5053: 4844: 4824: 4778: 4679: 4516: 4477: 4378: 4260: 4199: 4159: 4117: 3648: 3503: 3379: 2868: 2856:

an isolated system evolves toward a larger disorder rather than orders spontaneously;

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said that one's mind needs to acknowledge time, in order to understand what time is.

1727:

said that we are merely occupying time, he also says that humans can only understand

1706: 1645: 1637: 1574: 1521: 1300: 1051: 1031: 986: 800:

and to create a more rational system in order to replace the Gregorian calendar. The

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believed that we can not know what something is unless we experience it first hand.

1736: 12358: 12268: 12050: 11489: 11474: 11454: 11254: 11066: 11009: 10736: 10731: 10482: 10431: 10347: 10295: 10071: 10049: 9915: 9812: 9588: 9334: 9313: 9265: 9228: 9041: 8748: 8736: 8564: 8532: 8364: 8233: 8149: 8139: 8054: 7730: 7661: 7534: 7465: 7044: 6993: 6985: 6935: 6838: 6689: 6685: 6681: 6634: 6576: 6530: 6522: 6468: 6454:"A brief history of time-consciousness: historical precursors to James and Husserl" 6312:

The Arrow of Time : A Voyage Through Science to Solve Time's Greatest Mystery.

6265:

J. O'byrne, Y. Kafri, J. Tailleur, F. Van Wijland. doi: 10.1038/s42254-021-00406-2.

6132: 5729: 5409: 4620: 4615: 4595: 4571: 4252: 4151: 4019: 3875: 3824: 3725: 3441: 3339: 3320: 3280: 3223: 2927:

Two-dimensional space depicted in three-dimensional spacetime. The past and future

2879: 2681: 2661: 2606: 2601: 2547: 2522: 2377: 2235: 2180: 2155: 1877: 1873: 1858: 1807: 1660: 1641: 1620: 1411: 1329: 1259: 1209:

has led to the replacement of older and purely astronomical time standards such as

307: 7834: 3931: 3390:. The sense of time is impaired in some people with neurological diseases such as 3055: 1839: 1367:

by God. The traditional Christian view sees time ending, teleologically, with the

11603: 11534: 11519: 11439: 11419: 11394: 11204: 11014: 10949: 10493: 10415: 10380: 10367: 10330: 10277: 10135: 10030: 9964: 9925: 9762: 9319: 9298: 9130: 9102: 8867: 8810: 8675: 8652: 8620: 8572: 8559: 8522: 8504: 8134: 8129: 7839: 7548: 7485: 7383: 7032: 6903: 6865: 6721: 6410: 6315: 5992: 5630: 5384: 5348: 5309: 5223: 5177: 5130: 5100: 5047: 4772: 4699: 4510: 4463: 4372: 4193: 3962: 3955: 3510: 3499: 3480: 3466: 3304: 3274: 3222:; should an effect precede its cause, it would give rise to the possibility of a 2998: 2947: 2782: 2763: 2757: 2676: 2621: 2571: 2566: 2485: 1881: 1775: 1649: 1497: 1493: 1415: 1352: 1271: 1201:(point in time), quantifying the duration of a time interval, and establishing a 963: 943:

uses the flow of sand to measure the flow of time. They were used in navigation.

770: 672: 664: 619: 608: 580: 365: 166: 31: 7576: 6105: 5444: 4875:"History of Clocks." About.com Inventors. About.com, n.d. Web. 21 February 2016. 3771: 1154: 989:. The passage of the hours at sea was marked by bells and denoted the time (see 480:

events, to compare the duration of events or the intervals between them, and to

12292: 12256: 11733: 11514: 11504: 11359: 11344: 11289: 11060: 10919: 10710: 10700: 10680: 10315: 10113: 10101: 10045: 10040: 10034: 9959: 9882: 9807: 9615: 9374: 9364: 9303: 9260: 9092: 9082: 9051: 8951: 8923: 8753: 8743: 8542: 8414: 8384: 8369: 8154: 8112: 8107: 7979: 7305: 5734: 5006:, Draft Revision September 2008 (contains relevant citations from Byrhtferth's 4821:

Over the Edge of the World: Magellan's Terrifying Circumnavigation of the Globe

3683: 3630: 3495: 3424: 3347: 3127: 2703: 2611: 2512: 2229: 1957: 1885: 1395: 1224: 1214: 990: 905: 766: 734: 156: 7539: 7514: 6842: 6580: 6353: 6327: 4576: 4541: 1834:, and temporal measurements are used to quantify the durations of and between 614:

In physics, time is a fundamental concept to define other quantities, such as

12308: 12302: 11803: 11529: 11479: 11444: 11424: 11404: 10969: 10232: 10150: 10145: 10096: 10086: 9726: 9502: 9453: 9438: 9384: 9155: 8991: 8986: 8902: 8833: 8783: 8731: 8665: 8637: 8625: 8615: 8605: 8487: 8331: 8257: 8206: 8159: 8074: 8034: 8029: 8024: 7957: 7597: 7411: 7202: 7142: 7048: 6557: 6229:, See pp. 37–65 for an English translation of Einstein's original 1905 paper. 5941: 5480: 5421: 5160: 4745: 4163: 3488: 3312: 3292: 3267: 3141: 3019: 2987: 2982: 2835: 2828: 2819:

between the events is independent of the observer (and his or her velocity).

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A time standard is a specification for measuring time: assigning a number or

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The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and the Laws of Physics

5484: 5020: 3291:

was first introduced by the psychologist E. R. Clay, and later developed by

1884:, who said that space and imaginary time are finite but have no boundaries. 12280: 11911: 11783: 11549: 11484: 11374: 11284: 11134: 11004: 10914: 10894: 10771: 10310: 10108: 9822: 9797: 9782: 9748: 9708: 9600: 9487: 9482: 9477: 9464: 9203: 8805: 8799: 8465: 8399: 8321: 8252: 8201: 8102: 8049: 7989: 7453: 7263: 7056: 7007: 6947: 6703: 6588: 6544: 6511:"Impaired time perception and motor timing in stimulant-dependent subjects" 6406: 3472: 3383: 3200: 3173: 3145: 2883: 2656: 2581: 2270: 2150: 1922: 1724: 1712: 1589: 1551: 1383: 1206: 1062: 1001: 947:

used 18 glasses on each ship for his circumnavigation of the globe (1522).

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suggest that the moon was used to reckon time as early as 6,000 years ago.

526: 161: 45: 6161:

The fundamental wisdom of the middle way: Nāgārjuna's Mūlamadhyamakakārikā

5555:"Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) Metaphysics: 4. Kant's Transcendental Idealism" 4971: 4329:

alert to the pitcher. The timing stops when the pitcher releases the ball.

4155: 12127: 11539: 11459: 11389: 11339: 11117: 11045: 11024: 10979: 10944: 10899: 10870: 10797: 10741: 10715: 10564: 10010: 9907: 9869: 9852: 9787: 9768: 9701: 9681: 9610: 9605: 9250: 9233: 9165: 9145: 9031: 8913: 8815: 8793: 8700: 8685: 8480: 8460: 8450: 8379: 8336: 8316: 8245: 8064: 7966: 7361: 7310:

The End of Time: The Next Revolution in Our Understanding of the Universe

6998: 6850: 6646: 6509:

Wittmann, M.; Leland, D. S.; Churan, J.; Paulus, M. P. (8 October 2007).

4717:

Van Stone, Mark (2011). "The Maya Long Count Calendar: An Introduction".

4515:(illustrated ed.). Cambridge University Press Archive. p. 125. 3715: 3212: 3207: 3186: 3137: 1823: 1691:

defined time as 'number of movement in respect of the before and after'.

1452: 1372: 1232: 1176: 1138: 901: 893: 852:

have been invented to measure time. The study of these devices is called

738: 730: 704: 596: 571:. Time is also of significant social importance, having economic value (" 473: 400: 302: 281: 249: 239: 136: 7467:

Arrow of Time: A Voyage through Science to Solve Time's Greatest Mystery

3423:

appears to play a large role in the different types of MTLs, as reading/

3018:, it exists, on the average, for a standard amount of time known as its 2811:. Events that have a time-like separation cannot be simultaneous in any 1596: 11673: 11399: 11364: 11314: 11199: 11097: 10984: 10909: 10584: 10579: 10559: 9777: 9772: 9667: 9625: 9578: 9562: 9448: 9354: 9175: 9036: 9006: 8944: 8710: 8610: 8517: 8492: 8295: 8079: 6638: 6472: 5429: 5397: 4063:

Our operational definition of time is that time is what clocks measure.

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In addition to psychoactive drugs, judgments of time can be altered by

3335: 3308: 3284: 3262: 3231: 3105: 3084: 3064: 3060: 2928: 2875: 2843: 2804: 2800: 2786: 2441: 2115: 1914: 1835: 1744: 1740: 1668: 1664: 1333: 1247: 1202: 1134: 1103: 921: 828: 805: 751: 663:—all observers will consistently agree on this definition of time as a 564: 553: 484: 264: 141: 12287: 6558:

Cheng, Ruey-Kuang; Macdonald, Christopher J.; Meck, Warren H. (2006).

5554: 4596:"On the incompatibility between quantum theory and general relativity" 4428: 4256: 3067:

of the observer in the origin) are the events visible to the observer.

2969:

is the set of events that can send light signals to an entity and the

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Kabbalah and Modernity: Interpretations, Transformations, Adaptations

3800: 3720: 3574: 3547: 3546:, or timelines. The description of the items or events may include a 3531: 3527: 3331: 3324: 3242: 3219: 3079:

applicable in the Newtonian and relativistic theories, respectively.

2941: 2808: 2463: 1682: 1616: 1543: 1356: 1291: 1243: 1039: 1004:, such as this one unveiled in 2004, are expected to greatly improve 996: 940: 882: 688: 683: 643: 635: 631: 576: 568: 537: 503: 449: 395: 348: 343: 254: 7219: 5915: 5413: 4859:

Watson, E., (1979) "The St Albans Clock of Richard of Wallingford".

3338:

can have the opposite effect. The level of activity in the brain of

3334:

can lead both humans and rats to overestimate time intervals, while

1865:

time. Hence, the relationship to the past is a present awareness of

1681:, identified time with the period of motion of the heavenly bodies. 773:

was faulty in that its intercalation still allowed the astronomical

12040: 11773: 11334: 11189: 10964: 10929: 10792: 10756: 10685: 10589: 10569: 10544: 10462: 10300: 9944: 9857: 9557: 9537: 9379: 9285: 9185: 8976: 8971: 8341: 8184: 8094: 7952: 7942: 6870:

Studies on the structure of time: from physics to psycho(patho)logy

6668:

Arzy, Shahar; Molnar-Szakacs, Istvan; Blanke, Olaf (18 June 2008).

5021:"12 attoseconds is the world record for shortest controllable time" 4558: 3523: 3420: 3387: 3343: 3235: 3218:

A central problem with time travel to the past is the violation of

3196: 2897: 2781:

The theory of special relativity finds a convenient formulation in

2382: 2265: 2240: 1926: 1827: 1815: 1653: 1547: 1539: 1481: 1473: 1318: 1126: 1017: 1012:

Clocks can range from watches to more exotic varieties such as the

867: 853: 774: 724: 708: 615: 477: 445: 297: 203: 151: 109: 75: 6864:

Gruber, Ronald P.; Wagner, Lawrence F.; Block, Richard A. (2000).

5179:

Religion Past & Present: Encyclopedia of Theology and Religion

4841:

God's Clockmaker: Richard of Wallingford and the Invention of Time

4233:"From Eternity to Here: The Quest for the Ultimate Theory of Time" 2957:. According to these theories, the concept of time depends on the 1948:

These arguments often center on what it means for something to be

1818:

their duration, and compare the motions of objects. In this view,

1251:

locations (but not at sea) these offsets vary twice yearly due to

1124:

minutes), and thus equal to 15/94 of a second. It was used in the

1110:(a science text) of 1010–1012, where it was defined as 1/564 of a 12157: 11932: 11623: 11329: 11259: 11229: 11194: 11129: 11087: 11072: 10939: 10554: 10472: 9696: 9691: 9552: 9542: 9472: 9344: 9255: 9120: 8680: 8670: 8592: 8583: 8568: 8455: 8300: 8223: 7932: 5520:"Critique of Pure Reason, Lecture notes: Philosophy 175 UC Davis" 4281:"The Feynman Lectures on Physics Vol. I Ch. 5: Time and Distance" 3557:

Uses of a sequence of events include stories, historical events (

3491:

have written on the use of time from a sociological perspective.

3476: 3165: 3121: 2355: 2208: 2125: 1976:

philosophical arguments against time travel. This contrasts with

1906: 1477: 1438:

English words whose etymological root is khronos/chronos include

1427: 1387: 1198: 1095:

can be used to synchronize timekeeping systems across the globe.

1077: 1073: 1072:

in certain atoms to measure the second. One of the atoms used is

1054:, a watch that meets precision standards set by the Swiss agency 909: 874: 821: 778: 541: 465: 146: 97: 8470: 5596:

From Eternity to Here: The Quest for the Ultimate Theory of Time

5443:

Rynasiewicz, Robert: Johns Hopkins University (12 August 2004).

2973:

is the set of events to which an entity can send light signals.

1504: 711:, a mathematical tool for organising intervals of time, and the 12102: 12075: 11991: 11981: 11219: 11169: 11082: 10954: 9547: 9497: 9492: 8778: 7937: 7847: 6975: 3995: 3535: 3351: 2970: 2874:

Weak arrow of time: preference for a certain time direction of

2414: 2260: 2170: 1898: 1431: 1407: 1340:

understanding of cyclical patterns in nature and the universe.

1258:

Some other time standards are used mainly for scientific work.

1164: 993:). The hours were marked by bells in abbeys as well as at sea. 956: 878: 696: 530: 499: 469: 385: 102: 10839: 7220:

Compiled by David Luckham & Roy Schulte (23 August 2011).

737:

were among the first to appear, with years of either 12 or 13

12015: 11724:

Concluding Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical Fragments

11319: 11269: 10695: 10574: 9897: 9636: 9527: 9339: 9238: 9193: 8788: 8537: 8228: 8176: 5489:

The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2002 Edition)

5350:

Alef, Mem, Tau: Kabbalistic Musings on Time, Truth, and Death

4020:"Dictionary.com Unabridged, based on Random House Dictionary" 3730: 3543: 3323:, while other cell clusters appear capable of shorter-range ( 2923: 2250: 2245: 2187: 1723:

perceived by events happening in a sequence, in a dimension.

1672: 1632: 1608: 1570: 1530:

Time's mortal aspect is personified in this bronze statue by

974: 843: 712: 630:

reads", specifically a count of repeating events such as the

627: 390: 56: 49: 7458:

Art, Time and Technology: Histories of the Disappearing Body

6925: 5991:

Balslev, Anindita N.; Jitendranath Mohanty (November 1992).

1984:(the present and the past are real, but the future is not). 1467: 12055: 12025: 11244: 11239: 11164: 11122: 11107: 10599: 10539: 9831: 9532: 9517: 9507: 8961: 7927: 7084:

The time bind: when work becomes home and home becomes work

6831:

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis

6200:, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1968, hardcover 442 pages, see 5990: 5270:

Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon

5206:

God produces a creation with a directional time structure .

3566: 2966: 2859:

Quantum arrow time, which is related to irreversibility of

2218: 1526: 1296: 1168: 1055: 692: 461: 92: 12275: 8967:

International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service

6508: 5883: 5881: 5879: 5877: 5875: 3876:"The American Heritage Science Dictionary @dictionary.com" 3140:(~ 5.4 × 10 seconds) is the unit of time in the system of 9731: 9512: 7827: 6354:"Time Travel: Einstein's big idea (Theory of Relativity)" 3093:

In the Newtonian description these changes are such that

2048:{\displaystyle {\textbf {F}}={\frac {d\mathbf {p} }{dt}}} 1239:

broadcasts a very precise time signal based on UTC time.

900:, one of which was found in the tomb of Egyptian pharaoh 6828: 6667: 5593:

Carrol, Sean (2010). "Chapter One, Section Two, Plume".

3936:

The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language

1312: 796:, a new clock and calendar were invented as part of the 703:

Generally speaking, methods of temporal measurement, or

11664:

A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge

7882: 7606:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 391–417. 6221:, Dover Publications, Inc, 2000, softcover, 216 pages, 5872: 3494:

The use of time is an important issue in understanding

1160: 1050:. More recently, the term has also been applied to the 8859: 7417:

Einstein's Clocks and Poincaré's Maps: Empires of Time

6868:. In Buccheri, R.; Di Gesù, V.; Saniga, Metod (eds.). 5764:

Who Needs the Past?: Indigenous Values and Archaeology

5217: 1980:(all time: present, past and future, is real) and the 1952:. Modern physicists generally believe that time is as 1623:; the reason that humans can tell time was because of 12240: 6621: 6385:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 30. 6379:

Knudsen, Jens M.; Hjorth, Poul G. (6 December 2012).

5684: 5682: 5680: 5678: 5676: 5674: 5647: 5645: 5643: 3607:). A specific example of a sequence of events is the 2012: 1838:. Time was designated by Kant as the purest possible 1806:. With Kant, neither space nor time are conceived as 1278:

is an older relativistic scale that is still in use.

981:

which, in turn, derives from the medieval Latin word

962:

Great advances in accurate time-keeping were made by

7555:

It's About Time: Understanding Einstein's Relativity

7282:"Utility Communications Architecture (UCA) glossary" 7035:; Gaby, Alice (2010). "Remembrances of Times East". 6073: 6071: 6069: 6067: 4195:

Partial Differential Equations in General Relativity

3825:"The American Heritage Stedman's Medical Dictionary" 3330:

Psychoactive drugs can impair the judgment of time.

1426:

The Greek language denotes two distinct principles,

1394:

is often translated) is a medium for the passage of

1274:

in the context of the general theory of relativity.

781:

to advance against it by about 11 minutes per year.

10212:

Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP)

7027: 7025: 6726:. Dorling Kindersley Publishing. pp. 186–187. 6217:A. Einstein, H. A. Lorentz, H. Weyl, H. Minkowski, 4462:Considine, Douglas M.; Considine, Glenn D. (1985). 4427:Burnham, Douglas: Staffordshire University (2006). 1242:The surface of the Earth is split into a number of 12095: 10523: 8897: 7781: 7575: 7552: 7105: 5981:. trans. by Arthur Mitchell. Mineola: Dover, 1998. 5671: 5640: 5098: 4777:(reprinted ed.). Harcourt Brace. p. 28. 4706:. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp. 86–105. 4461: 4116:, Paul Davies, p. 31, Simon & Schuster, 1996, 3672: 3661:National Association of Watch and Clock Collectors 3609:timeline of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster 2838:. Acknowledged examples of the arrow of time are: 2047: 1798:intuition that allows us (together with the other 920:invented the first mechanical clocks driven by an 6863: 6715: 6713: 6064: 5889:"Early Modern Philosophy – Exactly What Is Time?" 3315:as its components. One particular component, the 1390:(970–928 BC), time (as the Hebrew word עידן, זמן 1130:, the process of calculating the date of Easter. 12300: 7022: 6971: 6969: 6967: 6965: 5182:. Vol. 4 (4 ed.). Brill. p. 101. 3522:A sequence of events, or series of events, is a 3050: 1925:. Time as an illusion is also a common theme in 1546:independent of events, in which events occur in 1332:, where time is depicted as a wheel called the " 7578:Time's Arrows: Scientific Attitudes Toward Time 5353:. University of California Press. p. 111. 5303: 5046:Newman, John (1991). Geshe Lhundub Sopa (ed.). 4198:(illustrated ed.). OUP Oxford. p. 9. 3475:, time discipline is the general name given to 1558:view, and hence it is sometimes referred to as 7343:The Time Dimension: An Interdisciplinary Guide 7222:"Event Processing Glossary – Version 2.0" 7031: 6921: 6919: 6917: 6915: 6913: 6911: 6710: 6316:https://www.publishersweekly.com/9780449906309 5833: 5715: 5713: 5711: 5611:As human beings we 'feel' the passage of time. 4871: 4869: 1909:, in a fragment preserved from his chief work 1346: 1262:is a theoretical ideal scale realized by TAI. 11896: 10855: 10821:The Singular Universe and the Reality of Time 10626: 10509: 9652: 8883: 7898: 7744:The Singular Universe and the Reality of Time 7736:Technics and Time, 1: The Fault of Epimetheus 7368:. New York: Simon & Schuster Paperbacks. 6962: 6758: 6451: 6378: 4593: 3100:However, in the relativistic description the 2892:arrow of time, which follows the accelerated 2737: 422: 7392:. Cambridge (Mass): The MIT Press. pp. 7366:About Time: Einstein's Unfinished Revolution 6866:"Subjective Time Versus Proper (Clock) Time" 5690:"Ancient Philosophy – Exactly What Is Time?" 5653:"Philosophy of Time – Exactly What Is Time?" 4542:"The causal set approach to quantum gravity" 4114:About Time: Einstein's Unfinished Revolution 3405: 3364: 1968:or momentary configuration of the universe. 1627:and therefore there was a duration on time. 7859: 7660: 6908: 6079:"Modern Philosophy – Exactly What Is Time?" 5708: 5445:"Newton's Views on Space, Time, and Motion" 5442: 5436: 5228:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 121. 4866: 4594:Macías, Alfredo; Camacho, Abel (May 2008). 4468:(3 ed.). McGraw-Hill. pp. 18–61. 4404: 4224: 4081: 3989: 3987: 3985: 3794: 3792: 2793:in Minkowski spacetime are separated by an 888:The most precise timekeeping device of the 811: 11903: 11889: 10862: 10848: 10633: 10619: 10516: 10502: 9659: 9645: 8890: 8876: 7905: 7891: 7077: 5398:"Time and History in the Indian Tradition" 5395: 4666:Mapping Time: The Calendar and its History 4422: 4420: 4132: 4077: 4075: 4073: 3530:relationships among the items. Because of 3440:A study of the indigenous Yupno people of 3283:refers to the time duration wherein one's 2744: 2730: 1487: 1421: 1061:The most accurate timekeeping devices are 977:probably comes from the Middle Dutch word 718: 429: 415: 7741:Roberto Mangabeira Unger and Lee Smolin, 7538: 7463: 6997: 6693: 6534: 6029: 5868:Kant's Metaphysics and Theory of Science. 5805:. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 5733: 5552: 5546: 5473: 4716: 4619: 4575: 4557: 4465:Process instruments and controls handbook 4342:"Guinness Book of Baseball World Records" 4306:"Official Baseball Rules – 8.03 and 8.04" 4126: 4049:. Vol. 1. Ronald Press. p. 65. 3770:. Oxford University Press. Archived from 3448:A similar study of the Pormpuraawans, an 2771:is based on this Newtonian idea of time. 1468:Time in Kabbalah & Rabbinical thought 1371:end of the present order of things, the " 10207:Global Standard Stratigraphic Age (GSSA) 9421:International Commission on Stratigraphy 7512: 6445: 6328:"Albert Einstein's Theory of Relativity" 6157: 5947:The Critique of Pure Reason, 2nd edition 5506:whether or not anything is placed in it. 5049:The Wheel of Time: Kalachakra in Context 5039: 4661: 4655: 4334: 4042: 3982: 3801:"Webster's New World College Dictionary" 3789: 3261: 3054: 2986: 2922: 1525: 1511: 1418:equivalent to the English word "time".) 1392:iddan (age, as in "Ice age") zĕman(time) 1290: 1098:In medieval philosophical writings, the 995: 926: 827: 815: 682: 575:") as well as personal value, due to an 502:. Time is often referred to as a fourth 472:. It is a component quantity of various 7866:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 7862:"The Experience and Perception of Time" 7779: 7770: 7766:. Holt, Rinehart and Wilson (New York). 7758: 7709: 7684: 7596: 7410: 7382: 7304: 7149:. Oxford, UK Cambridge, US: Blackwell. 5984: 5559:The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 5346: 5135:. Mercer University Press. p. 60. 5105:. Oxford University Press. p. 13. 4770: 4704:The Lost Civilizations of the Stone Age 4698: 4692: 4433:The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4426: 4417: 4370: 4364: 4230: 4191: 4088:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4084:"The Experience and Perception of Time" 4070: 3679:Date and time representation by country 2959:spatial reference frame of the observer 1956:as space – though others, such as 1588:Furthermore, it may be that there is a 579:of the limited time in each day and in 44:For musical conceptions of "time", see 14: 12301: 11910: 10640: 7547: 7515:"Time's arrow and Boltzmann's entropy" 7484: 7360: 7288:from the original on 10 December 2011. 7270:from the original on 3 September 2011. 7251:from the original on 4 September 2011. 7171:"Sequence – Order of Important Events" 6719: 6568:Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 6405: 5800: 5760: 5719: 5592: 5517: 5511: 5495:from the original on 14 September 2006 5242:from the original on 19 September 2015 5196:from the original on 24 September 2015 5045: 4886:"NIST Unveils Chip-Scale Atomic Clock" 4638: 4508: 4043:Ivey, Donald G.; Hume, J.N.P. (1974). 3709: 3655:Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chronometrie 2911: 1987: 1671:, wrote essays on the nature of time. 27:Order of the past, present, and future 12339:Concepts in the philosophy of science 11884: 11694:Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics 10843: 10614: 10497: 9640: 8871: 8858: 7886: 7632: 7438:, Springer Verlag, 1981, 1983, 1987, 7266:. AccuracyBook.com (OPS Publishing). 7238: 7228:from the original on 15 October 2011. 7141: 6452:Andersen, Holly; Grush, Rick (2009). 6164:. New York: Oxford University Press. 6103: 5913: 5616: 5479: 5102:The Future: A Very Short Introduction 4539: 4490:from the original on 31 December 2013 3996:"Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy" 3906:from the original on 29 November 2017 3850:. HarperCollins. 2011. Archived from 3517: 3172:). This can be in either direction – 2426:Newton's law of universal gravitation 1971:A modern philosophical theory called 1313:Religions which view time as cyclical 785:introduced a correction in 1582; the 513:Time is one of the seven fundamental 11794:Interpretations of quantum mechanics 11714:The World as Will and Representation 8839: 7747:, Cambridge University Press, 2014, 7261: 6786: 6461:Journal of the History of Philosophy 6360:from the original on 17 October 2013 6334:from the original on 17 October 2013 5940: 5934: 5847:from the original on 19 January 2012 5726:Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences 5175: 5128: 5052:. Shambhala. pp. 51–54, 62–77. 4094:from the original on 22 October 2013 3667: 1830:the extent of and distances between 533:, which is defined by measuring the 7853:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 7812:Different systems of measuring time 7340: 6603:from the original on 10 August 2011 6433:from the original on 20 August 2020 6310:Peter Coveney and Roger Highfield. 6178:from the original on 19 August 2020 6133:"Buddhism and the illusion of time" 6052:from the original on 19 August 2020 6011:from the original on 20 August 2020 5450:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 5367:from the original on 19 August 2020 4512:Discovering Relativity for Yourself 4391:from the original on 18 August 2020 4298: 4133:Bunyadzade, Konul (15 March 2018). 3942:from the original on 19 July 2012. 3900:"Eric Weisstein's World of Science" 2407:Mechanics of planar particle motion 2015: 1137:(1.2 × 10 seconds), about 3.7 × 10 1068:Atomic clocks use the frequency of 563:and has been a prime motivation in 24: 12334:Concepts in the philosophy of mind 12193:International System of Quantities 10006:Adoption of the Gregorian calendar 8860:Time articles: Detailed navigation 7860:Le Poidevin, Robin (Winter 2004). 7636:Time's Arrow and Archimedes' Point 7296: 7178:Austin Independent School District 7123:from the original on 23 March 2017 6198:Introduction to Special Relativity 6130: 6085:from the original on 28 March 2019 5895:from the original on 28 March 2019 5696:from the original on 28 March 2019 5659:from the original on 28 March 2019 5565:from the original on 26 April 2011 5027:from the original on 5 August 2011 4922:. 16 February 2008. Archived from 4823:(HarperCollins Publishers, 2003), 4212:from the original on 14 April 2021 4082:Le Poidevin, Robin (Winter 2004). 4053:from the original on 14 April 2021 4002:from the original on 11 April 2011 3807:from the original on 5 August 2011 3252:Novikov self-consistency principle 3211:achieve time travel is known as a 3130:of Particles and Interactions and 1398:events. (Another word, زمان" זמן" 741:(either 354 or 384 days). Without 618:. To avoid a circular definition, 523:International System of Quantities 25: 12385: 9141:Discrete time and continuous time 7805: 7436:Cosmology, Physics and Philosophy 6886:from the original on 21 July 2011 6810:from the original on 14 June 2011 6801: 6774:from the original on 30 July 2022 6411:"Chapter 6: Chance and the Arrow" 5809:from the original on 26 June 2014 5742:from the original on 2 April 2019 5518:Mattey, G. J. (22 January 1997). 5457:from the original on 16 July 2012 5149:from the original on 3 April 2017 4984:from the original on 14 June 2020 4173:from the original on 5 April 2019 4026:from the original on 5 March 2012 3882:from the original on 5 March 2012 3831:from the original on 5 March 2012 3589:directional-change intrinsic time 3155: 1182: 859:An Egyptian device that dates to 12286: 12274: 12262: 12250: 12217: 12216: 12171: 11857: 11847: 11846: 9066: 9060: 8838: 8829: 8828: 7582:. New York: Simon and Schuster. 7274: 7255: 7232: 7213: 7191: 7163: 7135: 7099: 7071: 6857: 6822: 6740:from the original on 13 May 2016 6527:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.03.005 6139:from the original on 8 July 2011 6112:from the original on 12 May 2011 5922:from the original on 23 May 2021 5328:from the original on 13 May 2016 4896:from the original on 22 May 2011 4439:from the original on 14 May 2011 4348:from the original on 6 June 2012 4318:from the original on 1 July 2017 4150:. AcademyGate Publishing: 8–29. 3636: 3298: 2861:measurement in quantum mechanics 2822: 2711: 2710: 2697: 2030: 1861:we do not exist inside time, we 1802:intuition, space) to comprehend 1046:, a precision first achieved by 1038:, a timepiece used to determine 74: 11644:Meditations on First Philosophy 10869: 9888:English and British regnal year 7199:"Sequence of Events Worksheets" 7087:. New York: Metropolitan Books. 6990:10.1016/j.cognition.2015.04.004 6940:10.1016/j.cognition.2012.03.007 6795: 6752: 6661: 6615: 6551: 6502: 6399: 6382:Elements of Newtonian Mechanics 6372: 6346: 6320: 6304: 6295: 6286: 6277: 6268: 6259: 6250: 6241: 6232: 6211: 6190: 6151: 6124: 6097: 6023: 5971: 5907: 5860: 5827: 5794: 5781: 5767:. Psychology Press. p. 7. 5754: 5586: 5389: 5340: 5297: 5288: 5276:from the original on 7 May 2022 5258: 5211: 5176:Betz, Hans Dieter, ed. (2008). 5169: 5132:Religion, Revelation and Reason 5122: 5092: 5066: 5013: 4996: 4964: 4946:"NIST-F1 Cesium Fountain Clock" 4938: 4908: 4878: 4853: 4833: 4813: 4800: 4791: 4764: 4752:from the original on 1 May 2019 4738: 4729: 4710: 4639:Shavit, Joseph (18 July 2024). 4632: 4587: 4540:Surya, Sumati (December 2019). 4533: 4502: 4455: 4344:. Guinness World Records, Ltd. 4311:. Major League Baseball. 2011. 4285:www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu 4273: 4185: 3673:Miscellaneous arts and sciences 3643:Antiquarian Horological Society 3115: 3014:, in the high-speed particle's 1842:of a pure concept or category. 707:, take two distinct forms: the 552:, particularly at the edges of 9666: 9214:History of timekeeping devices 7840:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary 7773:The Natural Philosophy of Time 7559:. Princeton University Press. 6686:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5712-07.2008 5720:Bunnag, Anawat (August 2017). 4621:10.1016/j.physletb.2008.03.052 4106: 3969: 3949: 3924: 3756: 3373: 838:History of timekeeping devices 832:24-hour clock face in Florence 678: 13: 1: 10001:Old Style and New Style dates 7389:The Character of Physical Law 7264:"Inventory Accuracy Glossary" 6330:. YouTube. 30 November 2011. 3749: 3663: – NAWCC (United States) 3266:Philosopher and psychologist 3257: 3168:must increase over time (see 3059:Views of spacetime along the 3051:Relativistic versus Newtonian 3045:simultaneity is also relative 2333:Koopman–von Neumann mechanics 1778:(London: Dent., 1991), p. 54. 1717:Leibniz–Clarke correspondence 1281: 866:, similar in shape to a bent 860: 754:days at the end of the year. 586: 519:International System of Units 456:that occurs in an apparently 360:Ultimate fate of the universe 12188:History of the metric system 11829:Philosophy of space and time 9953:Pre-Julian / Julian 7864:. In Edward N. Zalta (ed.). 7688:What is time? What is space? 7224:. Complex Event Processing. 7111:"There's no place like work" 6106:"You are about to disappear" 5487:. In Edward N. Zalta (ed.). 5222:; Walhout, Clarence (1999). 4546:Living Reviews in Relativity 4086:. In Edward N. Zalta (ed.). 3645: – AHS (United Kingdom) 3162:second law of thermodynamics 3039:Einstein wrote in his book, 3012:special theory of relativity 2935: 2854:second law of thermodynamics 2776:special theory of relativity 2401:Non-inertial reference frame 1892: 1518:Philosophy of space and time 1406:, and is used as the modern 1386:, traditionally ascribed to 1363:, beginning with the act of 1351:In general, the Islamic and 798:dechristianization of France 7: 11704:The Phenomenology of Spirit 10186:Geological history of Earth 10056:Astronomical year numbering 9161:Gravitational time dilation 8997:Barycentric Coordinate Time 8643:Geological history of Earth 7814:(archived 16 October 2015). 7788:. Oxford University Press. 7780:Whitrow, Gerald J. (1988). 7775:. Clarendon Press (Oxford). 7771:Whitrow, Gerald J. (1980). 7639:. Oxford University Press. 7312:. Oxford University Press. 7116:The New York Times Magazine 6674:The Journal of Neuroscience 6356:. YouTube. 9 January 2007. 6219:The Principle of Relativity 5801:Hardie, R. P.; Gaye, R. K. 5635:Consciousness and Cognition 5347:Wolfson, Elliot R. (2006). 5225:The Promise of Hermeneutics 5129:Rust, Eric Charles (1981). 5099:Jennifer M. Gidley (2017). 5074:"Chichén Itzá: Venus Cycle" 3614: 3605:sequence of events recorder 3601:electric power transmission 3321:circadian (or daily) rhythm 2976: 2328:Appell's equation of motion 2198:Inertial frame of reference 1355:world-view regards time as 1347:Time in Abrahamic religions 1286: 1268:Barycentric Coordinate Time 661:Michelson–Morley experiment 603:, other satellite systems, 10: 12390: 12364:Scalar physical quantities 9017:Geocentric Coordinate Time 9002:Barycentric Dynamical Time 8940:Coordinated Universal Time 7995:Orders of magnitude (time) 7691:. Rome: Di Renzo Editore. 7513:Lebowitz, Joel L. (2008). 7341:Das, Tushar Kanti (1990). 6764:"Time Management for Kids" 6314:Hardcover – May 14, 1991. 6038:. Blackwell. p. 425. 6030:Heidegger, Martin (1962). 5735:10.1016/j.kjss.2017.07.007 4771:Barnett, Jo Ellen (1999). 3956:Merriam-Webster Dictionary 3621:List of UTC timing centers 3464: 3396:attention deficit disorder 3272: 3190: 3184: 3119: 2992:Relativity of simultaneity 2980: 2939: 2826: 2755: 1964:containing every possible 1565:The opposing view is that 1515: 1316: 1305: 1276:Barycentric Dynamical Time 1264:Geocentric Coordinate Time 1229:Coordinated Universal Time 1186: 1151:Time (Orders of magnitude) 1148: 841: 835: 802:French Republican Calendar 722: 605:Coordinated Universal Time 54: 43: 29: 12211: 12180: 12169: 12086:thermodynamic temperature 11931: 11926: 11918: 11842: 11766: 11565: 11305: 11033: 10877: 10803:Post hoc ergo propter hoc 10785: 10724: 10661:A priori and a posteriori 10648: 10535: 10440: 10424: 10408: 10366: 10358:Thermoluminescence dating 10276: 10265: 10253:Samarium–neodymium dating 10220: 10199: 10173: 10164: 10126: 10064: 10019: 9983: 9952: 9943: 9906: 9868: 9747: 9722: 9674: 9571: 9462: 9429: 9403: 9284: 9184: 9171:Time-translation symmetry 9101: 9075: 9058: 8982:International Atomic Time 8932: 8909: 8865: 8824: 8766: 8719: 8706:Time translation symmetry 8651: 8591: 8581: 8503: 8430: 8350: 8291: 8175: 8093: 8003: 7965: 7951: 7920: 7540:10.4249/scholarpedia.3448 7464:Highfield, Roger (1992). 7420:. New York: W.W. Norton. 7107:Russell Hochschild, Arlie 7079:Hochschild, Arlie Russell 6843:10.1080/00207147908407540 6581:10.1016/j.pbb.2006.07.019 6419:. Penguin Books Limited. 6208:(1977 edition), pp. 10–13 6158:Garfield, Jay L. (1995). 5304:Hus, Boʿaz; Pasi, Marco; 5004:Oxford English Dictionary 4645:The Brighter Side of News 4577:10.1007/s41114-019-0023-1 4371:Zeigler, Kenneth (2008). 4231:Carroll, Sean M. (2009). 4192:Rendall, Alan D. (2008). 3977:Oxford English Dictionary 3938:(Fourth ed.). 2011. 3597:discrete event simulation 3406:Spatial conceptualization 3365:Early childhood education 3319:, is responsible for the 3180: 3134:) time is not quantized. 3028:The Meaning of Relativity 2894:expansion of the Universe 2865:Copenhagen interpretation 1237:Global Positioning System 1221:International Atomic Time 1091:in coordination with the 1089:Global Positioning System 601:Global Positioning System 12324:Concepts in epistemology 11819:Philosophy of psychology 11754:Simulacra and Simulation 10706:Multiple time dimensions 10072:Chinese sexagenary cycle 7912: 7574:Morris, Richard (1985). 7496:Harvard University Press 7049:10.1177/0956797610386621 6872:. Springer. p. 54. 6416:The Fabric of the Cosmos 5789:Dictionary of Philosophy 5553:McCormick, Matt (2006). 5402:Philosophy East and West 4662:Richards, E. G. (1998). 3485:Arlie Russell Hochschild 2884:violation of CP symmetry 2491:Rotating reference frame 2323:Hamilton–Jacobi equation 1636:, the earliest texts on 1155:Unit of time § List 1144: 812:History of other devices 508:three spatial dimensions 55:Not to be confused with 12329:Concepts in metaphysics 11684:Critique of Pure Reason 10828:An Experiment with Time 10286:Amino acid racemisation 9431:Astronomical chronology 9404:Archaeology and geology 9111:Absolute space and time 9027:IERS Reference Meridian 9022:International Date Line 8933:International standards 8661:Absolute space and time 8312:Astronomical chronology 7716:. New York: Riverhead. 7710:Rovelli, Carlo (2018). 7685:Rovelli, Carlo (2006). 7357:– Research bibliography 5968:, eBooks@Adelaide, 2004 5761:Layton, Robert (1994). 5629:21 October 2015 at the 5453:. Stanford University. 5396:Puligandla, R. (1974). 4977:Encyclopædia Britannica 4672:Oxford University Press 4410:Duff, Okun, Veneziano, 3102:observability of events 3077:Lorentz transformations 2432:Newton's laws of motion 2292:Newton's laws of motion 1792:, described time as an 1789:Critique of Pure Reason 1771:Critique of Pure Reason 1532:Charles van der Stappen 1488:Time in Advaita Vedanta 1422:Time in Greek mythology 719:History of the calendar 687:The flow of sand in an 12319:Concepts in aesthetics 12203:Systems of measurement 11275:Type–token distinction 11103:Hypostatic abstraction 10885:Abstract object theory 10767:Growing block universe 10529:religion and mythology 10291:Archaeomagnetic dating 9803:Era of Caesar (Iberia) 8711:Time reversal symmetry 8015:Italian six-hour clock 7180:. 2009. Archived from 5977:Bergson, Henri (1907) 5803:"Physics by Aristotle" 5622:Lehar, Steve. (2000). 4972:"Byrhtferth of Ramsey" 3848:"Collins Language.com" 3460: 3317:suprachiasmatic nuclei 3270: 3193:Time travel in fiction 3068: 2995: 2932: 2850:Entropic arrow of time 2799:, which can be either 2459:Simple harmonic motion 2372:Euler's laws of motion 2166:D'Alembert's principle 2049: 1762: 1702:St. Augustine of Hippo 1535: 1303: 1270:are scales defined as 1159:The second (s) is the 1070:electronic transitions 1009: 953:Richard of Wallingford 936: 833: 825: 700: 37:. For other uses, see 30:For the magazine, see 11864:Philosophy portal 11744:Being and Nothingness 11160:Mental representation 10814:The Unreality of Time 10666:A series and B series 10191:Geological time units 9390:Weekday determination 9276:Sundial markup schema 8476:Time and fate deities 8421:The Unreality of Time 8360:A series and B series 7667:The Direction of Time 7345:. New York: Praeger. 7187:on 27 September 2011. 7037:Psychological Science 6804:"Look how time flies" 6760:Kennedy-Moore, Eileen 6720:Carter, Rita (2009). 6623:Tinklenberg, Jared R. 5220:Thiselton, Anthony C. 4861:Antiquarian Horology, 4156:10.33864/MTFZK.2019.0 3694:Philosophy of physics 3657: – DGC (Germany) 3580:Seconds From Disaster 3265: 3058: 2990: 2926: 2313:Hamiltonian mechanics 2131:Statistical mechanics 2050: 1938:The Unreality of Time 1754: 1529: 1512:In Western philosophy 1404:time fit for an event 1308:Time and fate deities 1306:Further information: 1294: 1093:Network Time Protocol 1014:Clock of the Long Now 999: 930: 831: 819: 686: 624:operationally defined 535:electronic transition 39:Time (disambiguation) 11789:Feminist metaphysics 10243:Law of superposition 10238:Isotope geochemistry 9411:Chronological dating 9151:Theory of relativity 9012:Daylight saving time 8727:Chronological dating 8696:Theory of relativity 8040:Daylight saving time 7856:, by Bradley Dowden. 7330:, Icon Books, 2010, 7284:. NettedAutomation. 7239:Nordquist, Richard. 6723:The Human Brain Book 6196:Herman M. Schwartz, 5857:Book 11, Chapter 14. 5266:"(Dictionary Entry)" 4819:Bergreen, Laurence. 4509:Lilley, Sam (1981). 4243:(4). Dutton: 54–55. 3150:loop quantum gravity 2916:In non-relativistic 2536:Angular acceleration 2528:Rotational frequency 2308:Lagrangian mechanics 2301:Analytical mechanics 2057:Second law of motion 2010: 1982:growing block theory 1707:negative definitions 1685:, in Book IV of his 1253:daylight saving time 1173:Daylight saving time 1044:celestial navigation 908:and the people from 460:succession from the 12314:Main topic articles 12113:amount of substance 11634:Daneshnameh-ye Alai 11145:Linguistic modality 10752:Four-dimensionalism 10376:Fluorine absorption 10353:Luminescence dating 10248:Luminescence dating 10156:Milankovitch cycles 9996:Proleptic Gregorian 9828:Hindu units of time 9621:Time value of money 9416:Geologic time scale 9271:History of sundials 9136:Cosmological decade 9088:Greenwich Mean Time 8919:Orders of magnitude 8020:Thai six-hour clock 7705:on 27 January 2007. 7670:. New York: Dover. 7633:Price, Huw (1996). 7620:on 26 December 2010 7531:2008SchpJ...3.3448L 7262:Piasecki, David J. 7209:on 13 October 2010. 6902:13 May 2016 at the 6515:Drug Alcohol Depend 6490:on 16 February 2008 5383:11 May 2022 at the 5378:Extract of page 111 5306:Stuckrad, Kocku von 4926:on 11 February 2012 4612:2008PhLB..663...99M 4568:2019LRR....22....5S 4528:Extract of page 125 4474:1985pich.book.....C 4309:(Free PDF download) 4249:2010PhT....63d..54C 3768:Oxford Dictionaries 3710:Miscellaneous units 3689:Nonlinear narrative 3626:Loschmidt's paradox 3593:computer simulation 3392:Parkinson's disease 3247:grandfather paradox 3007:Subatomic particles 2918:classical mechanics 2912:Classical mechanics 2906:theoretical physics 2852:: according to the 2783:Minkowski spacetime 2769:classical mechanics 2388:Harmonic oscillator 2366:Equations of motion 2001:Classical mechanics 1995:Part of a series on 1988:Physical definition 1648:, describe ancient 1644:dating to the late 1554:subscribed to this 1246:. Standard time or 848:A large variety of 747:Lunisolar calendars 729:Artifacts from the 640:particle collisions 515:physical quantities 12369:SI base quantities 12354:Physical phenomena 12138:luminous intensity 11912:SI base quantities 11824:Philosophy of self 11814:Philosophy of mind 11078:Embodied cognition 10990:Scientific realism 10642:Philosophy of time 10478:Terminus post quem 10458:Synchronoptic view 10425:Linguistic methods 10386:Obsidian hydration 10321:Radiometric dating 10306:Incremental dating 10228:Chronostratigraphy 9596:Mental chronometry 9224:Marine chronometer 9076:Obsolete standards 8550:Rosy retrospection 8528:Mental chronometry 8352:Philosophy of time 7843:. Merriam-Webster. 7764:The Nature of Time 7760:Whitrow, Gerald J. 7491:Revolution in Time 6897:Extract of page 54 6639:10.1007/BF00426830 6627:Psychopharmacology 6473:10.1353/hph.0.0118 6104:Foundalis, Harry. 5979:Creative Evolution 5866:Gottfried Martin, 5835:Augustine of Hippo 5118:Extract of page 13 5080:. 27 February 2012 4892:. 27 August 2004. 4146:(in Azerbaijani). 4143:Metafizika Journal 4135:"Thoughts of Time" 3961:8 May 2012 at the 3699:Rate (mathematics) 3577:), documentaries ( 3518:Sequence of events 3380:temporal illusions 3359:Mental chronometry 3271: 3232:parallel realities 3132:General Relativity 3069: 3016:frame of reference 2996: 2955:general relativity 2951:special relativity 2933: 2817:invariant interval 2813:frame of reference 2796:invariant interval 2704:Physics portal 2318:Routhian mechanics 2193:Frame of reference 2045: 1933:J. M. E. McTaggart 1897:In 5th century BC 1694:In Book 11 of his 1661:Greek philosophers 1536: 1304: 1036:marine chronometer 1010: 968:Christiaan Huygens 945:Ferdinand Magellan 937: 834: 826: 787:Gregorian calendar 701: 656:spacetime interval 652:general relativity 546:General relativity 354:Radiometric dating 12238: 12237: 12166: 12165: 11878: 11877: 11872: 11871: 11051:Category of being 11020:Truthmaker theory 10837: 10836: 10608: 10607: 10595:Wheel of the Year 10491: 10490: 10404: 10403: 10261: 10260: 10122: 10121: 10077:Geologic Calendar 9939: 9938: 9634: 9633: 9444:Nuclear timescale 9126:Continuous signal 8852: 8851: 8762: 8761: 8737:Circadian rhythms 8555:Tense–aspect–mood 8410:Temporal finitism 8287: 8286: 8263:Grandfather clock 7795:978-0-19-285211-3 7753:978-1-107-07406-4 7731:Stiegler, Bernard 7713:The Order of Time 7698:978-88-8323-146-9 7677:978-0-486-40926-9 7662:Reichenbach, Hans 7646:978-0-19-511798-1 7613:978-0-19-286198-6 7589:978-0-671-61766-0 7566:978-0-691-12201-4 7505:978-0-674-00282-1 7477:978-0-449-90723-8 7434:Benjamin Gal-Or, 7427:978-0-393-02001-4 7403:978-0-262-56003-0 7375:978-0-684-81822-1 7352:978-0-275-92681-6 7336:978-1-84831-120-6 7326:Craig Callendar, 7319:978-0-19-514592-2 7156:978-0-631-15798-4 7109:(20 April 1997). 7094:978-0-8050-4471-3 7043:(11): 1635–1639. 6879:978-0-306-46439-3 6762:(28 March 2014). 6733:978-0-7566-5441-2 6680:(25): 6502–6507. 6563:(online abstract) 6426:978-0-14-195995-5 6392:978-3-642-97599-8 6171:978-0-19-509336-0 6045:978-0-631-19770-6 6004:978-90-04-09583-0 5994:Religion and Time 5966:J.M.D. Meiklejohn 5774:978-0-415-09558-7 5606:978-0-452-29654-1 5360:978-0-520-93231-9 5321:978-90-04-18284-4 5235:978-0-8028-4635-8 5189:978-90-04-14688-4 5159:Profane time, as 5142:978-0-86554-058-3 5112:978-0-19-105424-2 5059:978-1-55939-779-7 4839:North, J. (2004) 4784:978-0-15-600649-1 4685:978-0-19-850413-9 4600:Physics Letters B 4522:978-0-521-23038-4 4483:978-0-07-012436-3 4384:978-0-07-159138-6 4266:978-0-525-95133-9 4257:10.1063/1.3397046 4205:978-0-19-921540-9 4122:978-0-684-81822-1 3854:on 2 October 2011 3746: 3745: 3649:Chronometrophilia 3534:, cause precedes 3504:Time-use research 3498:, education, and 3471:In sociology and 3425:writing direction 3340:neurotransmitters 2869:quantum mechanics 2863:according to the 2774:Einstein, in his 2754: 2753: 2501:Centrifugal force 2496:Centripetal force 2452:Euler's equations 2437:Relative velocity 2213:Moment of inertia 2043: 2017: 1646:2nd millennium BC 1638:Indian philosophy 1575:Gottfried Leibniz 1522:Temporal finitism 1295:Scale of time in 1052:chronometer watch 973:The English word 914:Chinese inventors 794:French Revolution 783:Pope Gregory XIII 761:in 45 BC put the 597:measuring systems 444:is the continued 439: 438: 16:(Redirected from 12381: 12291: 12290: 12279: 12278: 12267: 12266: 12265: 12255: 12254: 12246: 12220: 12219: 12175: 12174: 12149: 12119: 12097: 12092: 12070: 12065: 12061: 12059: 12051:electric current 12032: 12006: 12002: 11998: 11973: 11924: 11923: 11905: 11898: 11891: 11882: 11881: 11862: 11861: 11860: 11850: 11849: 11759: 11749: 11739: 11729: 11719: 11709: 11699: 11689: 11679: 11669: 11659: 11649: 11639: 11629: 11619: 11609: 11599: 11589: 11579: 11255:Substantial form 11067:Cogito, ergo sum 11010:Substance theory 10864: 10857: 10850: 10841: 10840: 10786:Related articles 10737:B-theory of time 10732:A-theory of time 10725:Theories of time 10649:Concepts in time 10635: 10628: 10621: 10612: 10611: 10518: 10511: 10504: 10495: 10494: 10483:ASPRO chronology 10432:Glottochronology 10348:Tephrochronology 10296:Dendrochronology 10274: 10273: 10171: 10170: 9970:Proleptic Julian 9960:Pre-Julian Roman 9950: 9949: 9745: 9744: 9661: 9654: 9647: 9638: 9637: 9335:Dominical letter 9266:Equation of time 9229:Marine sandglass 9070: 9064: 9042:Terrestrial Time 8899:Time measurement 8892: 8885: 8878: 8869: 8868: 8856: 8855: 8842: 8841: 8832: 8831: 8749:Glottochronology 8589: 8588: 8505:Human experience 8365:B-theory of time 7963: 7962: 7907: 7900: 7893: 7884: 7883: 7876: 7874: 7872: 7844: 7799: 7787: 7776: 7767: 7727: 7706: 7701:. Archived from 7681: 7657: 7655: 7653: 7629: 7627: 7625: 7616:. Archived from 7593: 7581: 7570: 7558: 7549:Mermin, N. David 7544: 7542: 7509: 7481: 7470:. Random House. 7431: 7407: 7384:Feynman, Richard 7379: 7356: 7328:Introducing Time 7323: 7290: 7289: 7278: 7272: 7271: 7259: 7253: 7252: 7236: 7230: 7229: 7217: 7211: 7210: 7205:. Archived from 7195: 7189: 7188: 7186: 7175: 7167: 7161: 7160: 7139: 7133: 7132: 7130: 7128: 7103: 7097: 7088: 7075: 7069: 7068: 7033:Boroditsky, Lera 7029: 7020: 7019: 7001: 6973: 6960: 6959: 6923: 6906: 6895: 6893: 6891: 6861: 6855: 6854: 6826: 6820: 6819: 6817: 6815: 6799: 6793: 6790: 6784: 6783: 6781: 6779: 6768:Psychology Today 6756: 6750: 6749: 6747: 6745: 6717: 6708: 6707: 6697: 6665: 6659: 6658: 6619: 6613: 6612: 6610: 6608: 6564: 6555: 6549: 6548: 6538: 6521:(2–3): 183–192. 6506: 6500: 6499: 6497: 6495: 6489: 6483:. Archived from 6458: 6449: 6443: 6442: 6440: 6438: 6403: 6397: 6396: 6376: 6370: 6369: 6367: 6365: 6350: 6344: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6324: 6318: 6308: 6302: 6299: 6293: 6290: 6284: 6281: 6275: 6272: 6266: 6263: 6257: 6254: 6248: 6245: 6239: 6236: 6230: 6215: 6209: 6194: 6188: 6187: 6185: 6183: 6155: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6144: 6128: 6122: 6121: 6119: 6117: 6101: 6095: 6094: 6092: 6090: 6075: 6062: 6061: 6059: 6057: 6027: 6021: 6020: 6018: 6016: 5988: 5982: 5975: 5969: 5963: 5961: 5959: 5954:on 13 April 2011 5950:. Archived from 5938: 5932: 5931: 5929: 5927: 5914:Jankowiak, Tim. 5911: 5905: 5904: 5902: 5900: 5885: 5870: 5864: 5858: 5856: 5854: 5852: 5831: 5825: 5818: 5816: 5814: 5798: 5792: 5787:Dagobert Runes, 5785: 5779: 5778: 5758: 5752: 5751: 5749: 5747: 5737: 5717: 5706: 5705: 5703: 5701: 5686: 5669: 5668: 5666: 5664: 5649: 5638: 5620: 5614: 5613: 5590: 5584: 5583: 5572: 5570: 5550: 5544: 5543: 5539:mutatis mutandis 5533: 5531: 5526:on 14 March 2005 5522:. 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Archived from 4942: 4936: 4935: 4933: 4931: 4912: 4906: 4905: 4903: 4901: 4882: 4876: 4873: 4864: 4857: 4851: 4837: 4831: 4817: 4811: 4804: 4798: 4795: 4789: 4788: 4768: 4762: 4761: 4759: 4757: 4742: 4736: 4733: 4727: 4726: 4719:Archaeoastronomy 4714: 4708: 4707: 4700:Rudgley, Richard 4696: 4690: 4689: 4669: 4659: 4653: 4652: 4636: 4630: 4629: 4623: 4591: 4585: 4584: 4579: 4561: 4537: 4531: 4526: 4506: 4500: 4499: 4497: 4495: 4459: 4453: 4452: 4446: 4444: 4424: 4415: 4408: 4402: 4400: 4398: 4396: 4368: 4362: 4361: 4355: 4353: 4338: 4332: 4331: 4325: 4323: 4317: 4310: 4302: 4296: 4295: 4293: 4291: 4277: 4271: 4270: 4228: 4222: 4221: 4219: 4217: 4189: 4183: 4182: 4180: 4178: 4172: 4139: 4130: 4124: 4110: 4104: 4103: 4101: 4099: 4079: 4068: 4065: 4060: 4058: 4039: 4033: 4031: 4015: 4009: 4007: 3991: 3980: 3973: 3967: 3953: 3947: 3946: 3928: 3922: 3919: 3913: 3911: 3895: 3889: 3887: 3871: 3861: 3859: 3843: 3838: 3836: 3820: 3814: 3812: 3796: 3787: 3786: 3781: 3779: 3760: 3726:Hexadecimal time 3668: 3450:aboriginal group 3442:Papua New Guinea 3289:specious present 3281:specious present 3224:temporal paradox 3003:cause and effect 2880:particle physics 2746: 2739: 2732: 2719: 2714: 2713: 2706: 2702: 2701: 2607:Johann Bernoulli 2602:Daniel Bernoulli 2523:Tangential speed 2427: 2403: 2378:Fictitious force 2373: 2225:Mechanical power 2215: 2156:Angular momentum 2054: 2052: 2051: 2046: 2044: 2042: 2034: 2033: 2024: 2019: 2018: 1992: 1991: 1943:The flow of time 1921:of his follower 1859:Martin Heidegger 1804:sense experience 1779: 1642:Hindu philosophy 1621:celestial bodies 1330:Hindu philosophy 1272:coordinate times 1260:Terrestrial Time 1123: 1122: 1118: 865: 862: 581:human life spans 493:material reality 431: 424: 417: 361: 245:Day of Judgement 78: 64: 63: 21: 12389: 12388: 12384: 12383: 12382: 12380: 12379: 12378: 12299: 12298: 12297: 12285: 12273: 12263: 12261: 12249: 12241: 12239: 12234: 12207: 12176: 12172: 12167: 12148: 12142: 12117: 12090: 12069: I 12063: 12057: 12030: 12004: 12000: 11996: 11971: 11960: 11955: 11947: 11919:Base quantities 11914: 11909: 11879: 11874: 11873: 11868: 11858: 11856: 11838: 11762: 11757: 11747: 11737: 11727: 11717: 11707: 11697: 11687: 11677: 11667: 11657: 11647: 11637: 11627: 11617: 11607: 11604:De rerum natura 11597: 11587: 11577: 11561: 11301: 11205:Physical object 11041:Abstract object 11029: 11015:Theory of forms 10950:Meaning of life 10873: 10868: 10838: 10833: 10781: 10720: 10644: 10639: 10609: 10604: 10531: 10522: 10492: 10487: 10436: 10420: 10416:Molecular clock 10409:Genetic methods 10400: 10381:Nitrogen dating 10368:Relative dating 10362: 10331:Potassium–argon 10278:Absolute dating 10268: 10257: 10216: 10195: 10160: 10136:Cosmic Calendar 10128:Astronomic time 10118: 10060: 10015: 9979: 9965:Original Julian 9935: 9902: 9864: 9763:Ab urbe condita 9741: 9718: 9670: 9665: 9635: 9630: 9567: 9458: 9425: 9399: 9280: 9180: 9131:Coordinate time 9103:Time in physics 9097: 9071: 9065: 9056: 8928: 8905: 8896: 8861: 8853: 8848: 8820: 8811:Time immemorial 8758: 8715: 8676:Coordinate time 8647: 8601:Geological time 8577: 8560:Time management 8523:Generation time 8507: 8499: 8444: 8426: 8346: 8305: 8283: 8171: 8089: 8006: 7999: 7955: 7947: 7916: 7911: 7880: 7870: 7868: 7833: 7808: 7803: 7802: 7796: 7724: 7699: 7678: 7651: 7649: 7647: 7623: 7621: 7614: 7590: 7573: 7567: 7506: 7478: 7428: 7404: 7376: 7353: 7320: 7306:Barbour, Julian 7299: 7297:Further reading 7294: 7293: 7280: 7279: 7275: 7260: 7256: 7237: 7233: 7218: 7214: 7197: 7196: 7192: 7184: 7173: 7169: 7168: 7164: 7157: 7140: 7136: 7126: 7124: 7104: 7100: 7076: 7072: 7030: 7023: 6974: 6963: 6924: 6909: 6904:Wayback Machine 6889: 6887: 6880: 6862: 6858: 6827: 6823: 6813: 6811: 6802:Adler, Robert. 6800: 6796: 6791: 6787: 6777: 6775: 6757: 6753: 6743: 6741: 6734: 6718: 6711: 6666: 6662: 6620: 6616: 6606: 6604: 6562: 6556: 6552: 6507: 6503: 6493: 6491: 6487: 6456: 6450: 6446: 6436: 6434: 6427: 6404: 6400: 6393: 6377: 6373: 6363: 6361: 6352: 6351: 6347: 6337: 6335: 6326: 6325: 6321: 6309: 6305: 6300: 6296: 6291: 6287: 6282: 6278: 6273: 6269: 6264: 6260: 6255: 6251: 6246: 6242: 6237: 6233: 6216: 6212: 6195: 6191: 6181: 6179: 6172: 6156: 6152: 6142: 6140: 6129: 6125: 6115: 6113: 6102: 6098: 6088: 6086: 6077: 6076: 6065: 6055: 6053: 6046: 6028: 6024: 6014: 6012: 6005: 5989: 5985: 5976: 5972: 5957: 5955: 5939: 5935: 5925: 5923: 5916:"Immanuel Kant" 5912: 5908: 5898: 5896: 5887: 5886: 5873: 5865: 5861: 5850: 5848: 5832: 5828: 5812: 5810: 5799: 5795: 5786: 5782: 5775: 5759: 5755: 5745: 5743: 5718: 5709: 5699: 5697: 5688: 5687: 5672: 5662: 5660: 5651: 5650: 5641: 5631:Wayback Machine 5621: 5617: 5607: 5591: 5587: 5568: 5566: 5551: 5547: 5529: 5527: 5516: 5512: 5498: 5496: 5478: 5474: 5460: 5458: 5441: 5437: 5414:10.2307/1398019 5394: 5390: 5385:Wayback Machine 5370: 5368: 5361: 5345: 5341: 5331: 5329: 5322: 5302: 5298: 5293: 5289: 5279: 5277: 5264: 5263: 5259: 5245: 5243: 5236: 5218:Lundin, Roger; 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Oxbow Books. 4838: 4834: 4818: 4814: 4805: 4801: 4796: 4792: 4785: 4769: 4765: 4755: 4753: 4744: 4743: 4739: 4734: 4730: 4715: 4711: 4697: 4693: 4686: 4660: 4656: 4637: 4633: 4606:(1–2): 99–102. 4592: 4588: 4538: 4534: 4523: 4507: 4503: 4493: 4491: 4484: 4460: 4456: 4442: 4440: 4425: 4418: 4409: 4405: 4394: 4392: 4385: 4377:. McGraw-Hill. 4369: 4365: 4351: 4349: 4340: 4339: 4335: 4321: 4319: 4315: 4308: 4304: 4303: 4299: 4289: 4287: 4279: 4278: 4274: 4267: 4229: 4225: 4215: 4213: 4206: 4190: 4186: 4176: 4174: 4170: 4137: 4131: 4127: 4111: 4107: 4097: 4095: 4080: 4071: 4056: 4054: 4029: 4027: 4018: 4005: 4003: 3994: 3992: 3983: 3974: 3970: 3963:Wayback Machine 3954: 3950: 3930: 3929: 3925: 3909: 3907: 3898: 3885: 3883: 3874: 3857: 3855: 3846: 3834: 3832: 3823: 3810: 3808: 3799: 3797: 3790: 3777: 3775: 3762: 3761: 3757: 3752: 3747: 3712: 3704: 3675: 3639: 3617: 3520: 3511:Time management 3500:travel behavior 3481:social currency 3469: 3467:Time management 3463: 3408: 3376: 3367: 3327:) timekeeping. 3305:cerebral cortex 3301: 3277: 3275:Time perception 3260: 3203: 3189: 3183: 3158: 3124: 3118: 3053: 2985: 2979: 2944: 2938: 2914: 2831: 2825: 2760: 2758:Time in physics 2750: 2709: 2696: 2695: 2688: 2687: 2686: 2561: 2553: 2552: 2532: 2486:Circular motion 2480: 2470: 2469: 2468: 2425: 2395: 2392: 2371: 2350: 2342: 2341: 2338: 2337: 2295: 2285: 2277: 2276: 2275: 2234: 2230:Mechanical work 2223: 2207: 2145: 2137: 2136: 2135: 2090: 2082: 2059: 2035: 2029: 2025: 2023: 2014: 2013: 2011: 2008: 2007: 1990: 1895: 1882:Stephen Hawking 1781: 1776:Vasilis Politis 1774:(1781), trans. 1764: 1733:relational time 1652:, in which the 1650:Hindu cosmology 1625:orbital periods 1613:heavenly bodies 1524: 1516:Main articles: 1514: 1494:Advaita Vedanta 1490: 1470: 1424: 1353:Judeo-Christian 1349: 1325: 1315: 1310: 1301:logarithmically 1289: 1284: 1191: 1185: 1157: 1147: 1120: 1116: 1115: 966:and especially 964:Galileo Galilei 931:A contemporary 863: 846: 840: 814: 771:Julian calendar 757:The reforms of 735:Lunar calendars 727: 721: 681: 673:problem of time 665:causal relation 648:rocket launches 620:time in physics 609:mean solar time 589: 485:rates of change 468:, and into the 435: 406: 405: 381: 380: 371: 370: 366:Time in physics 359: 334: 333: 332: 313: 312: 293: 292: 291: 270: 269: 230: 229: 228: 209: 208: 184: 183: 172: 171: 132: 131: 130:Fields of study 122: 121: 88: 87: 60: 53: 42: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 12387: 12377: 12376: 12371: 12366: 12361: 12356: 12351: 12346: 12341: 12336: 12331: 12326: 12321: 12316: 12311: 12296: 12295: 12283: 12271: 12259: 12236: 12235: 12233: 12232: 12225: 12212: 12209: 12208: 12206: 12205: 12200: 12195: 12190: 12184: 12182: 12178: 12177: 12170: 12168: 12164: 12163: 12160: 12155: 12153: 12150: 12146: 12140: 12134: 12133: 12130: 12125: 12123: 12120: 12115: 12109: 12108: 12105: 12100: 12098: 12093: 12088: 12082: 12081: 12078: 12073: 12071: 12066: 12053: 12047: 12046: 12043: 12038: 12036: 12033: 12028: 12022: 12021: 12018: 12013: 12011: 12008: 11994: 11988: 11987: 11984: 11979: 11977: 11974: 11969: 11967:time, duration 11963: 11962: 11957: 11952: 11950: 11943: 11940: 11936: 11935: 11930: 11928: 11922: 11920: 11916: 11915: 11908: 11907: 11900: 11893: 11885: 11876: 11875: 11870: 11869: 11867: 11866: 11854: 11843: 11840: 11839: 11837: 11836: 11831: 11826: 11821: 11816: 11811: 11806: 11801: 11796: 11791: 11786: 11781: 11776: 11770: 11768: 11767:Related topics 11764: 11763: 11761: 11760: 11750: 11740: 11734:Being and Time 11730: 11720: 11710: 11700: 11690: 11680: 11670: 11660: 11650: 11640: 11630: 11620: 11610: 11600: 11590: 11580: 11569: 11567: 11563: 11562: 11560: 11559: 11552: 11547: 11542: 11537: 11532: 11527: 11522: 11517: 11512: 11507: 11502: 11497: 11492: 11487: 11482: 11477: 11472: 11467: 11462: 11457: 11452: 11447: 11442: 11437: 11432: 11427: 11422: 11417: 11412: 11407: 11402: 11397: 11392: 11387: 11382: 11377: 11372: 11367: 11362: 11357: 11352: 11347: 11342: 11337: 11332: 11327: 11322: 11317: 11311: 11309: 11307:Metaphysicians 11303: 11302: 11300: 11299: 11292: 11287: 11282: 11277: 11272: 11267: 11262: 11257: 11252: 11247: 11242: 11237: 11232: 11227: 11222: 11217: 11212: 11207: 11202: 11197: 11192: 11187: 11182: 11177: 11172: 11167: 11162: 11157: 11152: 11147: 11142: 11137: 11132: 11127: 11126: 11125: 11115: 11110: 11105: 11100: 11095: 11090: 11085: 11080: 11075: 11070: 11063: 11061:Causal closure 11058: 11053: 11048: 11043: 11037: 11035: 11031: 11030: 11028: 11027: 11022: 11017: 11012: 11007: 11002: 10997: 10992: 10987: 10982: 10977: 10972: 10967: 10962: 10957: 10952: 10947: 10942: 10937: 10935:Libertarianism 10932: 10927: 10922: 10920:Existentialism 10917: 10912: 10907: 10902: 10897: 10892: 10887: 10881: 10879: 10875: 10874: 10867: 10866: 10859: 10852: 10844: 10835: 10834: 10832: 10831: 10824: 10817: 10810: 10805: 10800: 10795: 10789: 10787: 10783: 10782: 10780: 10779: 10774: 10769: 10764: 10759: 10754: 10749: 10744: 10739: 10734: 10728: 10726: 10722: 10721: 10719: 10718: 10713: 10711:Temporal parts 10708: 10703: 10701:Imaginary time 10698: 10693: 10688: 10683: 10681:Eternal return 10678: 10673: 10668: 10663: 10658: 10652: 10650: 10646: 10645: 10638: 10637: 10630: 10623: 10615: 10606: 10605: 10603: 10602: 10597: 10592: 10587: 10582: 10577: 10572: 10567: 10562: 10557: 10552: 10547: 10542: 10536: 10533: 10532: 10521: 10520: 10513: 10506: 10498: 10489: 10488: 10486: 10485: 10480: 10475: 10470: 10465: 10460: 10455: 10453:New Chronology 10450: 10444: 10442: 10441:Related topics 10438: 10437: 10435: 10434: 10428: 10426: 10422: 10421: 10419: 10418: 10412: 10410: 10406: 10405: 10402: 10401: 10399: 10398: 10393: 10388: 10383: 10378: 10372: 10370: 10364: 10363: 10361: 10360: 10355: 10350: 10345: 10344: 10343: 10338: 10333: 10328: 10318: 10316:Paleomagnetism 10313: 10308: 10303: 10298: 10293: 10288: 10282: 10280: 10271: 10263: 10262: 10259: 10258: 10256: 10255: 10250: 10245: 10240: 10235: 10230: 10224: 10222: 10218: 10217: 10215: 10214: 10209: 10203: 10201: 10197: 10196: 10194: 10193: 10188: 10183: 10177: 10175: 10168: 10162: 10161: 10159: 10158: 10153: 10148: 10143: 10138: 10132: 10130: 10124: 10123: 10120: 10119: 10117: 10116: 10114:New Earth Time 10111: 10106: 10105: 10104: 10099: 10089: 10084: 10079: 10074: 10068: 10066: 10062: 10061: 10059: 10058: 10053: 10043: 10038: 10023: 10021: 10017: 10016: 10014: 10013: 10008: 10003: 9998: 9993: 9987: 9985: 9981: 9980: 9978: 9977: 9975:Revised Julian 9972: 9967: 9962: 9956: 9954: 9947: 9941: 9940: 9937: 9936: 9934: 9933: 9928: 9923: 9918: 9912: 9910: 9904: 9903: 9901: 9900: 9895: 9893:Lists of kings 9890: 9885: 9883:Canon of Kings 9880: 9874: 9872: 9866: 9865: 9863: 9862: 9861: 9860: 9855: 9850: 9845: 9835: 9825: 9820: 9815: 9810: 9808:Before present 9805: 9800: 9795: 9790: 9785: 9780: 9775: 9766: 9759: 9753: 9751: 9742: 9740: 9739: 9734: 9729: 9723: 9720: 9719: 9717: 9716: 9711: 9706: 9705: 9704: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9678: 9676: 9672: 9671: 9664: 9663: 9656: 9649: 9641: 9632: 9631: 9629: 9628: 9623: 9618: 9616:Time metrology 9613: 9608: 9603: 9598: 9593: 9592: 9591: 9581: 9575: 9573: 9572:Related topics 9569: 9568: 9566: 9565: 9560: 9555: 9550: 9545: 9540: 9535: 9530: 9525: 9520: 9515: 9510: 9505: 9500: 9495: 9490: 9485: 9480: 9475: 9469: 9467: 9460: 9459: 9457: 9456: 9451: 9446: 9441: 9435: 9433: 9427: 9426: 9424: 9423: 9418: 9413: 9407: 9405: 9401: 9400: 9398: 9397: 9392: 9387: 9382: 9377: 9372: 9367: 9362: 9357: 9352: 9347: 9342: 9337: 9332: 9327: 9322: 9317: 9311: 9306: 9301: 9296: 9290: 9288: 9282: 9281: 9279: 9278: 9273: 9268: 9263: 9261:Dialing scales 9258: 9253: 9248: 9247: 9246: 9236: 9231: 9226: 9221: 9216: 9211: 9206: 9201: 9196: 9190: 9188: 9182: 9181: 9179: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9123: 9118: 9113: 9107: 9105: 9099: 9098: 9096: 9095: 9093:Prime meridian 9090: 9085: 9083:Ephemeris time 9079: 9077: 9073: 9072: 9059: 9057: 9055: 9054: 9052:180th meridian 9049: 9044: 9039: 9034: 9029: 9024: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8984: 8979: 8974: 8969: 8964: 8959: 8954: 8949: 8948: 8947: 8936: 8934: 8930: 8929: 8927: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8910: 8907: 8906: 8895: 8894: 8887: 8880: 8872: 8866: 8863: 8862: 8850: 8849: 8847: 8846: 8836: 8825: 8822: 8821: 8819: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8803: 8796: 8791: 8786: 8781: 8776: 8770: 8768: 8764: 8763: 8760: 8759: 8757: 8756: 8754:Time geography 8751: 8746: 8744:Clock reaction 8741: 8740: 8739: 8729: 8723: 8721: 8717: 8716: 8714: 8713: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8693: 8688: 8683: 8678: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8657: 8655: 8649: 8648: 8646: 8645: 8640: 8635: 8634: 8633: 8628: 8623: 8618: 8613: 8608: 8597: 8595: 8586: 8579: 8578: 8576: 8575: 8562: 8557: 8552: 8547: 8546: 8545: 8543:time signature 8540: 8530: 8525: 8520: 8514: 8512: 8501: 8500: 8498: 8497: 8496: 8495: 8485: 8484: 8483: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8447: 8445: 8443: 8442: 8437: 8431: 8428: 8427: 8425: 8424: 8417: 8415:Temporal parts 8412: 8407: 8402: 8397: 8392: 8387: 8385:Eternal return 8382: 8377: 8372: 8370:Chronocentrism 8367: 8362: 8356: 8354: 8348: 8347: 8345: 8344: 8339: 8334: 8329: 8324: 8319: 8314: 8308: 8306: 8304: 8303: 8298: 8292: 8289: 8288: 8285: 8284: 8282: 8281: 8280: 8279: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8250: 8249: 8248: 8243: 8242: 8241: 8236: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8210: 8209: 8199: 8198: 8197: 8181: 8179: 8173: 8172: 8170: 8169: 8162: 8157: 8155:Hindu Panchang 8152: 8147: 8142: 8137: 8132: 8127: 8122: 8121: 8120: 8115: 8110: 8099: 8097: 8091: 8090: 8088: 8087: 8082: 8077: 8072: 8067: 8062: 8057: 8052: 8047: 8042: 8037: 8032: 8027: 8022: 8017: 8011: 8009: 8001: 8000: 7998: 7997: 7992: 7987: 7982: 7977: 7971: 7969: 7960: 7949: 7948: 7946: 7945: 7940: 7935: 7930: 7924: 7922: 7918: 7917: 7910: 7909: 7902: 7895: 7887: 7878: 7877: 7857: 7845: 7831: 7815: 7807: 7806:External links 7804: 7801: 7800: 7794: 7777: 7768: 7756: 7739: 7728: 7723:978-0735216105 7722: 7707: 7697: 7682: 7676: 7658: 7645: 7630: 7612: 7598:Penrose, Roger 7594: 7588: 7571: 7565: 7545: 7510: 7504: 7482: 7476: 7461: 7451: 7432: 7426: 7412:Galison, Peter 7408: 7402: 7380: 7374: 7358: 7351: 7338: 7324: 7318: 7301: 7300: 7298: 7295: 7292: 7291: 7273: 7254: 7231: 7212: 7190: 7162: 7155: 7147:Time: an essay 7143:Elias, Norbert 7134: 7098: 7070: 7021: 6961: 6907: 6878: 6856: 6821: 6794: 6785: 6751: 6732: 6709: 6660: 6633:(3): 275–279. 6614: 6575:(1): 114–122. 6550: 6501: 6467:(2): 277–307. 6444: 6425: 6398: 6391: 6371: 6345: 6319: 6303: 6294: 6285: 6276: 6267: 6258: 6249: 6240: 6231: 6210: 6189: 6170: 6150: 6123: 6096: 6063: 6044: 6036:Being and Time 6022: 6003: 5983: 5970: 5964:translated by 5942:Kant, Immanuel 5933: 5906: 5871: 5859: 5826: 5793: 5780: 5773: 5753: 5707: 5670: 5639: 5615: 5605: 5585: 5545: 5510: 5481:Markosian, Ned 5472: 5435: 5408:(2): 165–170. 5388: 5359: 5339: 5320: 5296: 5287: 5257: 5234: 5210: 5188: 5168: 5141: 5121: 5111: 5091: 5065: 5058: 5038: 5012: 4995: 4963: 4937: 4907: 4877: 4865: 4852: 4832: 4812: 4799: 4790: 4783: 4763: 4737: 4728: 4709: 4691: 4684: 4654: 4631: 4586: 4532: 4521: 4501: 4482: 4454: 4416: 4403: 4383: 4363: 4333: 4297: 4272: 4265: 4223: 4204: 4184: 4125: 4105: 4069: 4067: 4066: 4040: 3981: 3968: 3948: 3923: 3921: 3920: 3896: 3872: 3844: 3788: 3774:on 4 July 2012 3754: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3744: 3743: 3739: 3738: 3733: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3702: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3686: 3684:List of cycles 3681: 3674: 3671: 3666: 3665: 3664: 3658: 3652: 3646: 3638: 3635: 3634: 3633: 3631:Time metrology 3628: 3623: 3616: 3613: 3519: 3516: 3496:human behavior 3462: 3459: 3430:Israeli-Hebrew 3412:conceptualized 3407: 3404: 3375: 3372: 3366: 3363: 3348:norepinephrine 3300: 3297: 3273:Main article: 3259: 3256: 3185:Main article: 3182: 3179: 3157: 3156:Thermodynamics 3154: 3128:Standard Model 3117: 3114: 3052: 3049: 2981:Main article: 2978: 2975: 2940:Main article: 2937: 2934: 2913: 2910: 2902: 2901: 2887: 2872: 2857: 2847: 2827:Main article: 2824: 2821: 2756:Main article: 2752: 2751: 2749: 2748: 2741: 2734: 2726: 2723: 2722: 2721: 2720: 2707: 2690: 2689: 2685: 2684: 2679: 2674: 2669: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2649: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2609: 2604: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2563: 2562: 2559: 2558: 2555: 2554: 2551: 2550: 2531: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2515: 2513:Coriolis force 2510: 2509: 2508: 2498: 2493: 2488: 2482: 2481: 2476: 2475: 2472: 2471: 2467: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2455: 2454: 2449: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2422: 2411: 2410: 2409: 2404: 2391: 2390: 2385: 2380: 2375: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2352: 2351: 2348: 2347: 2344: 2343: 2340: 2339: 2336: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2315: 2310: 2304: 2298: 2296: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2282: 2279: 2278: 2274: 2273: 2268: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2238: 2232: 2227: 2221: 2216: 2205: 2200: 2195: 2190: 2185: 2184: 2183: 2178: 2168: 2163: 2158: 2153: 2147: 2146: 2143: 2142: 2139: 2138: 2134: 2133: 2128: 2123: 2118: 2113: 2108: 2103: 2098: 2092: 2091: 2088: 2087: 2084: 2083: 2081: 2080: 2075: 2070: 2064: 2061: 2060: 2055: 2041: 2038: 2032: 2028: 2022: 2004: 2003: 1997: 1996: 1989: 1986: 1958:Julian Barbour 1894: 1891: 1886:Imaginary time 1753: 1737:René Descartes 1601:Wheel of Time. 1560:Newtonian time 1513: 1510: 1489: 1486: 1476:, "time" is a 1469: 1466: 1423: 1420: 1369:eschatological 1348: 1345: 1314: 1311: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1225:Universal Time 1215:ephemeris time 1187:Main article: 1184: 1183:Time standards 1181: 1146: 1143: 1025:Seth E. Thomas 906:ancient Greeks 864: 1500 BC 836:Main article: 813: 810: 767:solar calendar 723:Main article: 720: 717: 680: 677: 588: 585: 525:. The SI base 464:, through the 437: 436: 434: 433: 426: 419: 411: 408: 407: 404: 403: 398: 393: 388: 382: 379:Related topics 378: 377: 376: 373: 372: 369: 368: 363: 356: 351: 346: 341: 335: 331: 330: 325: 321: 320: 319: 318: 315: 314: 311: 310: 305: 300: 294: 290: 289: 284: 278: 277: 276: 275: 272: 271: 268: 267: 262: 257: 252: 247: 242: 237: 231: 227: 226: 223: 217: 216: 215: 214: 211: 210: 207: 206: 201: 196: 191: 185: 179: 178: 177: 174: 173: 170: 169: 164: 159: 154: 149: 144: 139: 133: 129: 128: 127: 124: 123: 120: 119: 118: 117: 106: 105: 100: 95: 89: 86:Major concepts 85: 84: 83: 80: 79: 71: 70: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12386: 12375: 12372: 12370: 12367: 12365: 12362: 12360: 12357: 12355: 12352: 12350: 12347: 12345: 12342: 12340: 12337: 12335: 12332: 12330: 12327: 12325: 12322: 12320: 12317: 12315: 12312: 12310: 12307: 12306: 12304: 12294: 12289: 12284: 12282: 12277: 12272: 12270: 12260: 12258: 12253: 12248: 12247: 12244: 12231: 12230: 12226: 12224: 12223: 12214: 12213: 12210: 12204: 12201: 12199: 12198:2019 revision 12196: 12194: 12191: 12189: 12186: 12185: 12183: 12179: 12161: 12159: 12156: 12154: 12151: 12145: 12141: 12139: 12136: 12135: 12131: 12129: 12126: 12124: 12121: 12116: 12114: 12111: 12110: 12106: 12104: 12101: 12099: 12094: 12089: 12087: 12084: 12083: 12079: 12077: 12074: 12072: 12067: 12054: 12052: 12049: 12048: 12044: 12042: 12039: 12037: 12034: 12029: 12027: 12024: 12023: 12019: 12017: 12014: 12012: 12009: 11995: 11993: 11990: 11989: 11985: 11983: 11980: 11978: 11975: 11970: 11968: 11965: 11964: 11958: 11953: 11951: 11949: 11944: 11941: 11938: 11937: 11934: 11929: 11925: 11921: 11917: 11913: 11906: 11901: 11899: 11894: 11892: 11887: 11886: 11883: 11865: 11855: 11853: 11845: 11844: 11841: 11835: 11832: 11830: 11827: 11825: 11822: 11820: 11817: 11815: 11812: 11810: 11809:Phenomenology 11807: 11805: 11802: 11800: 11797: 11795: 11792: 11790: 11787: 11785: 11782: 11780: 11777: 11775: 11772: 11771: 11769: 11765: 11756: 11755: 11751: 11746: 11745: 11741: 11736: 11735: 11731: 11726: 11725: 11721: 11716: 11715: 11711: 11706: 11705: 11701: 11696: 11695: 11691: 11686: 11685: 11681: 11676: 11675: 11671: 11666: 11665: 11661: 11656: 11655: 11651: 11646: 11645: 11641: 11636: 11635: 11631: 11626: 11625: 11621: 11616: 11615: 11611: 11606: 11605: 11601: 11596: 11595: 11591: 11586: 11585: 11581: 11576: 11575: 11571: 11570: 11568: 11566:Notable works 11564: 11558: 11557: 11553: 11551: 11548: 11546: 11543: 11541: 11538: 11536: 11533: 11531: 11528: 11526: 11523: 11521: 11518: 11516: 11513: 11511: 11508: 11506: 11503: 11501: 11498: 11496: 11493: 11491: 11488: 11486: 11483: 11481: 11478: 11476: 11473: 11471: 11468: 11466: 11463: 11461: 11458: 11456: 11453: 11451: 11448: 11446: 11443: 11441: 11438: 11436: 11433: 11431: 11428: 11426: 11423: 11421: 11418: 11416: 11413: 11411: 11408: 11406: 11403: 11401: 11398: 11396: 11393: 11391: 11388: 11386: 11383: 11381: 11378: 11376: 11373: 11371: 11368: 11366: 11363: 11361: 11358: 11356: 11353: 11351: 11348: 11346: 11343: 11341: 11338: 11336: 11333: 11331: 11328: 11326: 11323: 11321: 11318: 11316: 11313: 11312: 11310: 11308: 11304: 11298: 11297: 11293: 11291: 11288: 11286: 11283: 11281: 11278: 11276: 11273: 11271: 11268: 11266: 11263: 11261: 11258: 11256: 11253: 11251: 11248: 11246: 11243: 11241: 11238: 11236: 11233: 11231: 11228: 11226: 11223: 11221: 11218: 11216: 11213: 11211: 11208: 11206: 11203: 11201: 11198: 11196: 11193: 11191: 11188: 11186: 11183: 11181: 11178: 11176: 11173: 11171: 11168: 11166: 11163: 11161: 11158: 11156: 11153: 11151: 11148: 11146: 11143: 11141: 11138: 11136: 11133: 11131: 11128: 11124: 11121: 11120: 11119: 11116: 11114: 11111: 11109: 11106: 11104: 11101: 11099: 11096: 11094: 11091: 11089: 11086: 11084: 11081: 11079: 11076: 11074: 11071: 11069: 11068: 11064: 11062: 11059: 11057: 11054: 11052: 11049: 11047: 11044: 11042: 11039: 11038: 11036: 11032: 11026: 11023: 11021: 11018: 11016: 11013: 11011: 11008: 11006: 11003: 11001: 10998: 10996: 10993: 10991: 10988: 10986: 10983: 10981: 10978: 10976: 10973: 10971: 10970:Phenomenalism 10968: 10966: 10963: 10961: 10958: 10956: 10953: 10951: 10948: 10946: 10943: 10941: 10938: 10936: 10933: 10931: 10928: 10926: 10923: 10921: 10918: 10916: 10913: 10911: 10908: 10906: 10903: 10901: 10898: 10896: 10893: 10891: 10890:Action theory 10888: 10886: 10883: 10882: 10880: 10876: 10872: 10865: 10860: 10858: 10853: 10851: 10846: 10845: 10842: 10830: 10829: 10825: 10823: 10822: 10818: 10815: 10811: 10809: 10806: 10804: 10801: 10799: 10796: 10794: 10791: 10790: 10788: 10784: 10778: 10775: 10773: 10770: 10768: 10765: 10763: 10760: 10758: 10755: 10753: 10750: 10748: 10745: 10743: 10740: 10738: 10735: 10733: 10730: 10729: 10727: 10723: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10709: 10707: 10704: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10694: 10692: 10689: 10687: 10684: 10682: 10679: 10677: 10674: 10672: 10669: 10667: 10664: 10662: 10659: 10657: 10654: 10653: 10651: 10647: 10643: 10636: 10631: 10629: 10624: 10622: 10617: 10616: 10613: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10593: 10591: 10588: 10586: 10583: 10581: 10578: 10576: 10573: 10571: 10568: 10566: 10563: 10561: 10558: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10543: 10541: 10538: 10537: 10534: 10530: 10526: 10519: 10514: 10512: 10507: 10505: 10500: 10499: 10496: 10484: 10481: 10479: 10476: 10474: 10471: 10469: 10466: 10464: 10461: 10459: 10456: 10454: 10451: 10449: 10446: 10445: 10443: 10439: 10433: 10430: 10429: 10427: 10423: 10417: 10414: 10413: 10411: 10407: 10397: 10394: 10392: 10389: 10387: 10384: 10382: 10379: 10377: 10374: 10373: 10371: 10369: 10365: 10359: 10356: 10354: 10351: 10349: 10346: 10342: 10339: 10337: 10334: 10332: 10329: 10327: 10324: 10323: 10322: 10319: 10317: 10314: 10312: 10309: 10307: 10304: 10302: 10299: 10297: 10294: 10292: 10289: 10287: 10284: 10283: 10281: 10279: 10275: 10272: 10270: 10267:Chronological 10264: 10254: 10251: 10249: 10246: 10244: 10241: 10239: 10236: 10234: 10233:Geochronology 10231: 10229: 10226: 10225: 10223: 10219: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10204: 10202: 10198: 10192: 10189: 10187: 10184: 10182: 10179: 10178: 10176: 10172: 10169: 10167: 10166:Geologic time 10163: 10157: 10154: 10152: 10151:Metonic cycle 10149: 10147: 10146:Galactic year 10144: 10142: 10139: 10137: 10134: 10133: 10131: 10129: 10125: 10115: 10112: 10110: 10107: 10103: 10100: 10098: 10095: 10094: 10093: 10090: 10088: 10087:ISO week date 10085: 10083: 10080: 10078: 10075: 10073: 10070: 10069: 10067: 10063: 10057: 10054: 10051: 10047: 10044: 10042: 10039: 10036: 10032: 10028: 10025: 10024: 10022: 10018: 10012: 10009: 10007: 10004: 10002: 9999: 9997: 9994: 9992: 9989: 9988: 9986: 9982: 9976: 9973: 9971: 9968: 9966: 9963: 9961: 9958: 9957: 9955: 9951: 9948: 9946: 9942: 9932: 9929: 9927: 9924: 9922: 9919: 9917: 9914: 9913: 9911: 9909: 9905: 9899: 9896: 9894: 9891: 9889: 9886: 9884: 9881: 9879: 9876: 9875: 9873: 9871: 9867: 9859: 9856: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9844: 9841: 9840: 9839: 9836: 9833: 9829: 9826: 9824: 9821: 9819: 9816: 9814: 9811: 9809: 9806: 9804: 9801: 9799: 9796: 9794: 9793:Byzantine era 9791: 9789: 9786: 9784: 9781: 9779: 9776: 9774: 9770: 9767: 9765: 9764: 9760: 9758: 9755: 9754: 9752: 9750: 9749:Calendar eras 9746: 9743: 9738: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9728: 9725: 9724: 9721: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9703: 9700: 9699: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9680: 9679: 9677: 9673: 9669: 9662: 9657: 9655: 9650: 9648: 9643: 9642: 9639: 9627: 9624: 9622: 9619: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9597: 9594: 9590: 9587: 9586: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9576: 9574: 9570: 9564: 9561: 9559: 9556: 9554: 9551: 9549: 9546: 9544: 9541: 9539: 9536: 9534: 9531: 9529: 9526: 9524: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9514: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9504: 9501: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9491: 9489: 9486: 9484: 9481: 9479: 9476: 9474: 9471: 9470: 9468: 9466: 9465:units of time 9461: 9455: 9454:Sidereal time 9452: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9442: 9440: 9439:Galactic year 9437: 9436: 9434: 9432: 9428: 9422: 9419: 9417: 9414: 9412: 9409: 9408: 9406: 9402: 9396: 9395:Weekday names 9393: 9391: 9388: 9386: 9385:Tropical year 9383: 9381: 9378: 9376: 9373: 9371: 9368: 9366: 9363: 9361: 9358: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9350:Intercalation 9348: 9346: 9343: 9341: 9338: 9336: 9333: 9331: 9328: 9326: 9323: 9321: 9318: 9316:(lunar Hijri) 9315: 9312: 9310: 9307: 9305: 9302: 9300: 9297: 9295: 9292: 9291: 9289: 9287: 9283: 9277: 9274: 9272: 9269: 9267: 9264: 9262: 9259: 9257: 9254: 9252: 9249: 9245: 9242: 9241: 9240: 9237: 9235: 9232: 9230: 9227: 9225: 9222: 9220: 9217: 9215: 9212: 9210: 9207: 9205: 9202: 9200: 9197: 9195: 9192: 9191: 9189: 9187: 9183: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9156:Time dilation 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9122: 9119: 9117: 9114: 9112: 9109: 9108: 9106: 9104: 9100: 9094: 9091: 9089: 9086: 9084: 9081: 9080: 9078: 9074: 9069: 9063: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9023: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8992:24-hour clock 8990: 8988: 8987:12-hour clock 8985: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8963: 8960: 8958: 8955: 8953: 8950: 8946: 8943: 8942: 8941: 8938: 8937: 8935: 8931: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8911: 8908: 8904: 8900: 8893: 8888: 8886: 8881: 8879: 8874: 8873: 8870: 8864: 8857: 8845: 8837: 8835: 8827: 8826: 8823: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8801: 8797: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8775: 8772: 8771: 8769: 8765: 8755: 8752: 8750: 8747: 8745: 8742: 8738: 8735: 8734: 8733: 8732:Chronobiology 8730: 8728: 8725: 8724: 8722: 8718: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8677: 8674: 8672: 8669: 8667: 8666:Arrow of time 8664: 8662: 8659: 8658: 8656: 8654: 8650: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8638:Geochronology 8636: 8632: 8629: 8627: 8624: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8614: 8612: 8609: 8607: 8604: 8603: 8602: 8599: 8598: 8596: 8594: 8590: 8587: 8585: 8580: 8574: 8570: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8553: 8551: 8548: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8536: 8535: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8524: 8521: 8519: 8516: 8515: 8513: 8511: 8506: 8502: 8494: 8491: 8490: 8489: 8488:Wheel of time 8486: 8482: 8479: 8478: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8452: 8449: 8448: 8446: 8441: 8438: 8436: 8433: 8432: 8429: 8423: 8422: 8418: 8416: 8413: 8411: 8408: 8406: 8403: 8401: 8398: 8396: 8393: 8391: 8388: 8386: 8383: 8381: 8378: 8376: 8373: 8371: 8368: 8366: 8363: 8361: 8358: 8357: 8355: 8353: 8349: 8343: 8340: 8338: 8335: 8333: 8332:Periodization 8330: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8309: 8307: 8302: 8299: 8297: 8294: 8293: 8290: 8278: 8277: 8273: 8272: 8271: 8270: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8258:Digital clock 8256: 8254: 8251: 8247: 8244: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8231: 8230: 8227: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8208: 8205: 8204: 8203: 8200: 8196: 8193: 8192: 8191: 8188: 8187: 8186: 8183: 8182: 8180: 8178: 8174: 8168: 8167: 8163: 8161: 8158: 8156: 8153: 8151: 8148: 8146: 8143: 8141: 8138: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8123: 8119: 8116: 8114: 8111: 8109: 8106: 8105: 8104: 8101: 8100: 8098: 8096: 8092: 8086: 8083: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8073: 8071: 8068: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8056: 8053: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8038: 8036: 8035:Relative hour 8033: 8031: 8030:24-hour clock 8028: 8026: 8025:12-hour clock 8023: 8021: 8018: 8016: 8013: 8012: 8010: 8008: 8002: 7996: 7993: 7991: 7988: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7976: 7973: 7972: 7970: 7968: 7964: 7961: 7959: 7954: 7950: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7926: 7925: 7923: 7919: 7915: 7908: 7903: 7901: 7896: 7894: 7889: 7888: 7885: 7881: 7867: 7863: 7858: 7855: 7854: 7849: 7846: 7842: 7841: 7836: 7832: 7829: 7825: 7824: 7819: 7816: 7813: 7810: 7809: 7797: 7791: 7786: 7785: 7778: 7774: 7769: 7765: 7761: 7757: 7754: 7750: 7746: 7745: 7740: 7738: 7737: 7732: 7729: 7725: 7719: 7715: 7714: 7708: 7704: 7700: 7694: 7690: 7689: 7683: 7679: 7673: 7669: 7668: 7663: 7659: 7648: 7642: 7638: 7637: 7631: 7619: 7615: 7609: 7605: 7604: 7599: 7595: 7591: 7585: 7580: 7579: 7572: 7568: 7562: 7557: 7556: 7550: 7546: 7541: 7536: 7532: 7528: 7524: 7520: 7516: 7511: 7507: 7501: 7497: 7493: 7492: 7487: 7486:Landes, David 7483: 7479: 7473: 7469: 7468: 7462: 7459: 7455: 7452: 7449: 7448:0-387-96526-2 7445: 7444:0-387-90581-2 7441: 7437: 7433: 7429: 7423: 7419: 7418: 7413: 7409: 7405: 7399: 7395: 7391: 7390: 7385: 7381: 7377: 7371: 7367: 7363: 7359: 7354: 7348: 7344: 7339: 7337: 7333: 7329: 7325: 7321: 7315: 7311: 7307: 7303: 7302: 7287: 7283: 7277: 7269: 7265: 7258: 7250: 7246: 7242: 7235: 7227: 7223: 7216: 7208: 7204: 7203:Reference.com 7200: 7194: 7183: 7179: 7172: 7166: 7158: 7152: 7148: 7144: 7138: 7122: 7118: 7117: 7112: 7108: 7102: 7095: 7091: 7086: 7085: 7080: 7074: 7066: 7062: 7058: 7054: 7050: 7046: 7042: 7038: 7034: 7028: 7026: 7017: 7013: 7009: 7005: 7000: 6999:2078.1/199842 6995: 6991: 6987: 6983: 6979: 6972: 6970: 6968: 6966: 6957: 6953: 6949: 6945: 6941: 6937: 6933: 6929: 6922: 6920: 6918: 6916: 6914: 6912: 6905: 6901: 6898: 6885: 6881: 6875: 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4920:Vancouver Sun 4917: 4911: 4895: 4891: 4887: 4881: 4872: 4870: 4862: 4856: 4850: 4849:1-85285-451-0 4846: 4842: 4836: 4830: 4829:0-06-621173-5 4826: 4822: 4816: 4809: 4803: 4794: 4786: 4780: 4776: 4775: 4767: 4751: 4747: 4741: 4732: 4724: 4720: 4713: 4705: 4701: 4695: 4687: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4668: 4667: 4658: 4651: 4646: 4642: 4635: 4628: 4622: 4617: 4613: 4609: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4590: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4543: 4536: 4529: 4524: 4518: 4514: 4513: 4505: 4489: 4485: 4479: 4475: 4471: 4467: 4466: 4458: 4451: 4438: 4434: 4430: 4423: 4421: 4413: 4407: 4390: 4386: 4380: 4376: 4375: 4367: 4360: 4347: 4343: 4337: 4330: 4314: 4307: 4301: 4286: 4282: 4276: 4268: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4237:Physics Today 4234: 4227: 4211: 4207: 4201: 4197: 4196: 4188: 4169: 4165: 4161: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4145: 4144: 4136: 4129: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4109: 4093: 4089: 4085: 4078: 4076: 4074: 4064: 4052: 4048: 4047: 4041: 4038: 4025: 4021: 4017: 4016: 4014: 4001: 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3326: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3313:basal ganglia 3310: 3306: 3299:Biopsychology 3296: 3294: 3293:William James 3290: 3286: 3282: 3276: 3269: 3268:William James 3264: 3255: 3253: 3248: 3244: 3239: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3228:branch points 3225: 3221: 3216: 3214: 3209: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3188: 3178: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3153: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3142:natural units 3139: 3135: 3133: 3129: 3123: 3113: 3111: 3110:absolute time 3107: 3103: 3098: 3096: 3091: 3088: 3086: 3080: 3078: 3074: 3066: 3062: 3057: 3048: 3046: 3042: 3037: 3034: 3030: 3029: 3023: 3021: 3020:mean lifetime 3017: 3013: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2993: 2989: 2984: 2983:Time dilation 2974: 2972: 2968: 2962: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2949: 2943: 2930: 2925: 2921: 2919: 2909: 2907: 2899: 2895: 2891: 2888: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2855: 2851: 2848: 2845: 2841: 2840: 2839: 2837: 2836:arrow of time 2830: 2829:Arrow of time 2823:Arrow of time 2820: 2818: 2814: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2797: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2779: 2777: 2772: 2770: 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1749:Immanuel Kant 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1729:relative time 1726: 1720: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1708: 1703: 1699: 1698: 1692: 1690: 1689: 1684: 1680: 1679: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1634: 1628: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1605:reincarnation 1602: 1598: 1593: 1591: 1586: 1584: 1581:, holds that 1580: 1579:Immanuel Kant 1576: 1572: 1568: 1563: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1519: 1509: 1507: 1506: 1501: 1500: 1495: 1492:According to 1485: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1465: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1454: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1435: 1433: 1429: 1419: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1380:Old Testament 1376: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1344: 1341: 1337: 1335: 1331: 1324: 1323:Wheel of time 1320: 1309: 1302: 1298: 1293: 1279: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1256: 1255:transitions. 1254: 1249: 1245: 1240: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1216: 1212: 1211:sidereal time 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1195:calendar date 1190: 1189:Time standard 1180: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1163:base unit. A 1162: 1156: 1152: 1142: 1140: 1136: 1131: 1129: 1128: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1096: 1094: 1090: 1085: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1066: 1064: 1063:atomic clocks 1059: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1048:John Harrison 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1028: 1026: 1021: 1019: 1015: 1007: 1003: 1002:atomic clocks 998: 994: 992: 988: 984: 980: 976: 971: 969: 965: 960: 958: 954: 948: 946: 942: 934: 929: 925: 923: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 890:ancient world 886: 884: 880: 876: 871: 869: 857: 855: 851: 845: 839: 830: 823: 818: 809: 807: 803: 799: 795: 790: 788: 784: 780: 776: 772: 768: 764: 760: 759:Julius Caesar 755: 753: 748: 744: 743:intercalation 740: 736: 732: 726: 716: 714: 710: 706: 698: 694: 690: 685: 676: 674: 668: 666: 662: 657: 653: 649: 645: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 612: 610: 606: 602: 598: 594: 584: 582: 578: 574: 573:time is money 570: 566: 562: 561:technologists 557: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 536: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 511: 509: 506:, along with 505: 501: 498: 494: 490: 486: 483: 479: 475: 471: 467: 463: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 432: 427: 425: 420: 418: 413: 412: 410: 409: 402: 399: 397: 394: 392: 389: 387: 384: 383: 375: 374: 367: 364: 362: 357: 355: 352: 350: 347: 345: 342: 340: 339:Chronobiology 337: 336: 329: 326: 323: 322: 317: 316: 309: 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 295: 288: 285: 283: 280: 279: 274: 273: 266: 263: 261: 260:Reincarnation 258: 256: 253: 251: 248: 246: 243: 241: 238: 236: 233: 232: 224: 222: 219: 218: 213: 212: 205: 202: 200: 197: 195: 192: 190: 187: 186: 182: 176: 175: 168: 165: 163: 160: 158: 155: 153: 150: 148: 145: 143: 140: 138: 135: 134: 126: 125: 116: 113: 112: 111: 108: 107: 104: 101: 99: 96: 94: 91: 90: 82: 81: 77: 73: 72: 69: 66: 65: 62: 58: 51: 47: 40: 36: 34: 19: 12227: 12215: 12143: 11966: 11784:Epistemology 11752: 11742: 11732: 11722: 11712: 11702: 11692: 11682: 11672: 11662: 11652: 11642: 11632: 11622: 11612: 11602: 11594:Nyāya Sūtras 11592: 11582: 11572: 11554: 11470:Wittgenstein 11415:Schopenhauer 11294: 11285:Unobservable 11264: 11135:Intelligence 11065: 11005:Subjectivism 11000:Spiritualism 10915:Essentialism 10895:Anti-realism 10826: 10819: 10772:Perdurantism 10655: 10524: 10396:Stratigraphy 10341:Uranium–lead 10311:Lichenometry 10109:Winter count 10092:Mesoamerican 10020:Astronomical 9838:Mesoamerican 9823:Sothic cycle 9798:Seleucid era 9783:Bosporan era 9771: / 9761: 9713: 9709:Paleontology 9601:Decimal time 9330:Astronomical 9209:Complication 9204:Atomic clock 8898: 8806:Time capsule 8800:Tempus fugit 8798: 8720:Other fields 8419: 8400:Perdurantism 8322:Calendar era 8274: 8267: 8253:Cuckoo clock 8190:astronomical 8164: 7990:Unit of time 7921:Key concepts 7913: 7879: 7869:. 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Penguin. 5332:27 February 5008:Enchiridion 4746:"Education" 4674:. pp. 4627:relativity. 4290:15 December 4216:24 November 3893:calculated. 3858:18 December 3716:Fiscal year 3374:Alterations 3336:depressants 3285:perceptions 3208:plot device 3206:has been a 3187:Time travel 3138:Planck time 2929:light cones 2682:von Neumann 2349:Core topics 1867:having been 1697:Confessions 1458:synchronise 1453:anachronism 1444:chronometer 1396:predestined 1361:directional 1233:leap second 1135:attoseconds 1108:Enchiridion 1087:Today, the 1032:chronometer 1000:Chip-scale 991:ship's bell 924:mechanism. 902:Amenhotep I 894:water clock 824:in Canberra 820:Horizontal 792:During the 763:Roman world 731:Paleolithic 705:chronometry 679:Measurement 626:as "what a 593:circularity 554:black holes 401:Time travel 308:Hexadecimal 282:Measurement 250:Immortality 137:Archaeology 12349:Perception 12303:Categories 11674:Monadology 11608:(c. 80 BC) 11315:Parmenides 11200:Perception 11098:Experience 10985:Relativism 10960:Naturalism 10910:Enactivism 10777:Presentism 10747:Eternalism 10696:Eviternity 10585:Golden Age 10580:Heortology 10575:Eviternity 10560:Divination 9931:Vietnamese 9843:Long Count 9778:Anno Mundi 9773:Common Era 9675:Key topics 9668:Chronology 9626:Timekeeper 9579:Chronology 9563:Millennium 9449:Precession 9355:Julian day 9176:T-symmetry 9037:Solar time 9007:Civil time 8518:Chronemics 8493:Kalachakra 8405:Presentism 8390:Eternalism 8296:Chronology 8234:mechanical 8185:Main types 8103:Main types 5461:5 February 4650:roadblock. 4559:1903.11544 4494:1 November 4401:108 pages. 3917:dimension. 3750:References 3736:Unix epoch 3559:chronology 3552:world line 3465:See also: 3382:(like the 3332:Stimulants 3309:cerebellum 3258:Perception 3191:See also: 3120:See also: 3106:light cone 3085:world line 3065:light cone 3061:world line 3041:Relativity 3025:Einstein ( 2948:Einstein's 2896:after the 2876:weak force 2844:light cone 2805:light-like 2801:space-like 2787:light-year 2764:Einstein's 2617:d'Alembert 2597:Maupertuis 2560:Scientists 2442:Rigid body 2116:Kinematics 1978:eternalism 1973:presentism 1915:Parmenides 1808:substances 1745:David Hume 1741:John Locke 1669:Heraclitus 1665:Parmenides 1590:subjective 1542: – a 1474:Kabbalists 1440:chronology 1334:Kalachakra 1317:See also: 1282:Philosophy 1248:civil time 1244:time zones 1203:chronology 1149:See also: 1104:Byrhtferth 922:escapement 883:local time 842:See also: 806:duodecimal 752:epagomenal 644:supernovas 587:Definition 565:navigation 500:experience 495:or in the 489:quantities 328:Naturalism 265:Kalachakra 194:Eternalism 189:Presentism 181:Philosophy 167:Futurology 142:Chronology 35:(magazine) 12374:Spacetime 12269:Astronomy 11946:Dimension 11927:Quantity 11834:Teleology 11799:Mereology 11779:Cosmology 11638:(c. 1000) 11535:Plantinga 11525:Armstrong 11475:Heidegger 11450:Whitehead 11435:Nietzsche 11355:Descartes 11325:Aristotle 11280:Universal 11210:Principle 11180:Necessity 11140:Intention 11093:Existence 11056:Causality 10995:Solipsism 10925:Free will 10808:Teleology 10468:Year zero 10448:Chronicle 10391:Seriation 10326:Lead–lead 10200:Standards 10181:Deep time 10141:Ephemeris 10027:Lunisolar 9991:Gregorian 9984:Gregorian 9945:Calendars 9908:Era names 9878:Anka year 9757:Human Era 9687:Astronomy 9523:Fortnight 9370:Lunisolar 9360:Leap year 9294:Gregorian 9244:stopwatch 9219:Hourglass 9199:Astrarium 9116:Spacetime 9047:Time zone 8924:Metrology 8903:standards 8774:Leap year 8691:Spacetime 8565:Yesterday 8466:Dreamtime 8440:Mythology 8327:Deep time 8239:stopwatch 8214:hourglass 8195:astrarium 8125:Gregorian 8118:Lunisolar 8095:Calendars 8085:Time zone 7958:standards 7664:(1999) . 7600:(1999) . 7456:, (2005) 7386:(1994) . 7245:About.com 6984:: 67–72. 6978:Cognition 6928:Cognition 5791:, p. 318. 5422:0031-8221 5314:. 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3904:Archived 3902:. 2007. 3880:Archived 3878:. 2002. 3829:Archived 3827:. 2002. 3818:interval 3805:Archived 3803:. 2010. 3615:See also 3583:), law ( 3524:sequence 3421:literacy 3388:hypnosis 3344:dopamine 3342:such as 3197:Wormhole 3073:Galilean 3031:): "Two 2999:Einstein 2977:Dilation 2898:Big Bang 2717:Category 2642:Hamilton 2627:Lagrange 2622:Clairaut 2587:Horrocks 2548:velocity 2518:Pendulum 2506:reactive 2478:Rotation 2447:dynamics 2397:Inertial 2383:Friction 2266:Velocity 2241:Momentum 2121:Kinetics 2111:Dynamics 2089:Branches 2073:Timeline 1935:'s 1908 1927:Buddhist 1911:On Truth 1903:Antiphon 1878:A-theory 1874:B-theory 1851:Duration 1828:quantify 1816:quantify 1812:abstract 1800:a priori 1795:a priori 1758:a priori 1654:universe 1548:sequence 1540:universe 1482:illusion 1402:, meant 1373:end time 1365:creation 1319:Calendar 1287:Religion 1127:computus 1112:momentum 1018:pendulum 892:was the 868:T-square 854:horology 725:Calendar 709:calendar 695:and the 616:velocity 482:quantify 478:sequence 476:used to 446:sequence 298:ISO 8601 240:End time 235:Creation 221:Religion 204:Fatalism 152:Horology 110:Eternity 12359:Reality 12293:Science 12257:Physics 12243:Portals 12229:Outline 12158:candela 12060: 12056: 12007:, etc. 11961:symbol 11942:Symbol 11933:SI unit 11624:Enneads 11618:(c. 50) 11584:Timaeus 11574:Sophist 11520:Dummett 11515:Deleuze 11455:Russell 11445:Bergson 11440:Meinong 11420:Bolzano 11380:Leibniz 11360:Spinoza 11345:Aquinas 11330:Proclus 11260:Thought 11250:Subject 11230:Reality 11225:Quality 11195:Pattern 11155:Meaning 11130:Insight 11088:Essence 11073:Concept 10975:Realism 10940:Liberty 10905:Dualism 10555:Destiny 10550:Deities 10473:Floruit 10221:Methods 10082:Iranian 10050:Islamic 9916:Chinese 9727:Periods 9697:History 9692:Geology 9553:Century 9543:Lustrum 9473:Instant 9345:Equinox 9314:Islamic 9256:Sundial 9121:Chronon 8844:Commons 8767:Related 8681:Instant 8671:Chronon 8653:Physics 8593:Geology 8584:science 8456:Destiny 8301:History 8269:History 8224:sundial 8207:quantum 8150:Chinese 8140:Islamic 8050:Decimal 8045:Chinese 8007:systems 7933:Present 7871:9 April 7850:in the 7826:at the 7652:9 April 7624:9 April 7527:Bibcode 7394:108–126 6890:9 April 6814:9 April 6695:6670885 6607:9 April 6536:1997301 6494:9 April 6143:9 April 6116:9 April 6056:30 July 6015:30 July 5958:9 April 5926:2 April 5851:9 April 5569:9 April 5530:9 April 5430:1398019 5280:13 July 4956:24 July 4930:9 April 4725:: 8–11. 4608:Bibcode 4564:Bibcode 4470:Bibcode 4443:9 April 4395:30 July 4245:Bibcode 4098:9 April 4046:Physics 4030:9 April 4006:9 April 3910:9 April 3886:9 April 3866:physics 3835:9 April 3811:9 April 3599:), and 3514:tools. 3352:neurons 3170:Entropy 3166:entropy 3122:Chronon 3043:, that 2677:Koopman 2637:Poisson 2632:Laplace 2577:Huygens 2572:Galileo 2417: ( 2356:Damping 2209:Inertia 2203:Impulse 2176:kinetic 2126:Statics 2096:Applied 2068:History 1907:Sophist 1832:objects 1688:Physica 1678:Timaeus 1658:Ancient 1556:realist 1480:and 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