692:, which is a mandatory requirement denoting conformity with all applicable directives. Some items specifically excluded from this legislation are: fashion jewellery for children, Christmas decorations, and sports equipment. Official guidance on the classification of toys in the EU has been provided by the EU Commission. Where products are not classified as toys they will still be governed by the General Product Safety Directive. The toy safety directive provides for harmonised EU-wide standards on physical and mechanical properties, flammability, chemical properties and electrical properties but certain essential safety aspects of the directives are not governed by safety standards e.g. hygiene and radioactivity. The Toys Safety Directive (and subsequent Member State regulations) also calls for the closest applicable national or international standards to be applied where a standard is not specified in the Directive. This interpretive clause is present to ensure that new and innovative toys are safe before being placed on the market. The EN71 Toy Safety Standard has been harmonised by the EC as the default standard which toys must meet. If a toy is found to be unsafe (by breaching one of the specified standards, or by a manifest risk of injury not specified in standards) then the producer (the manufacturer, or the first importer into the EU of the product unit in question) is held to be guilty of an offence under the Toys (Safety) Regulations (or equivalent EU state law). The principle of
115:
Greece, the
Netherlands and Sweden. It was found that children′s use of several product categories was closely related to age. Children′s furniture account for between 21% (Netherlands) and 34% (Sweden) of the injuries from falls to a lower level in the first living year, but decreased with increasing age in all countries. The same pattern applied to strollers. In contrast, injuries due to falls involving playground equipment increased with age to reach between 13 (Greece) and 34 (Netherlands) percent of injuries from falls to a lower level among 4-year-olds. Bicycles also increase with age, reaching between 4 (Netherlands) and 17 (Denmark) percent among 4-year-olds.
717:(CCC) from the nation's Certification and Accreditation Administration (CNCA). From 1 March, toy producers in China have been able to apply to three certification agencies nominated by the CNCA to certify their products. Toys are subject to inspection and certification review. Since 1 June 2007, no toy products without CCCs has been be allowed to leave factories, be sold or be imported into China. It is hoped this measure will mitigate the increasing international pressure on environmental protection, as well as further expand the nation's toy export market. This increase in scrutiny was introduced before the
794:, sample testing can miss non-conforming product. A design may be conceptually safe, but without control of the production, the design may not be met by the manufacturer. Similarly, the applicable toy safety standards to which a toy is tested by a laboratory may not discover a hazard in a product: in the case of 2007's magnetic toy recalls and the Bindeez recall, the products in question met the requirements laid down in the applicable safety standard, yet were found to present an inherent risk. Proposed process and quality control standards, similar to the
2750:
574:
2760:
546:. All European Union member states have transposed this directive into law - for example, the UK's Toy (Safety) Regulations 1995. Trading Standards Officers in the UK, similarly to appropriate authorities in the other EU member states, have the power to immediately demand the withdrawal of a toy product from sale on safety grounds via the RAPEX recall notification system (used for all products subject to European safety legislation). In
661:
825:
have been unsafe after they have been placed on the market. Before the introduction of safety monitoring organisations the toys were simply stopped being manufactured if any action was taken at all, but since then there have been many toys that have been recalled by their manufacturer. In some notable cases the problem has only been found after the injury or even death of a person that purchased the product.
56:
888:
688:). This directive has been superseded by Council Directive 2009/48/EC which will apply to toy imports into or toys produced within the EU as of 20 July 2011 except for the chemical requirements of Annex II which apply as of 20 July 2013. During these periods the corresponding requirements of the previous directive will continue to apply. Compliance with both directives leads to a
696:(whereby the producer argues that all reasonable steps were taken to ensure the safety of the consumer with regards to the toy) may be used (in the UK) by the producer to avoid prosecution, fines and possible imprisonment. The unsafe toy is withdrawn from the EU market, with all member states' authorities being notified by means of the RAPEX alert system.
781:
disposition of these toys. From
January 2005 through September 2006, products originating in China were responsible for about 48 percent of product recalls in the U.S., and a similar percentage of notifications in the EU. Lack of process control in sub-contracted vendors has been a contributing factor in recent high-profile cases.
43:. In many countries, commercial toys must be able to pass safety tests in order to be sold. In the U.S., some toys must meet national standards, while other toys may not have to meet a defined safety standard. In countries where standards exist, they exist in order to prevent accidents, but there have still been some high-profile
829:
brains of young children. In the US, the CPSC and
Customs and Border Protection are responsible for screening children's products imported into the country. Just less than 10% of products screened are stopped for violations. Nearly two thirds are stopped for lead violations and 15% are stopped for choking hazards.
565:. Australian and New Zealand toy safety standards (following the approximate model of the European Toy Safety Standard) have been adopted by the ISO as International Standard ISO 8124. Toy safety standards are continually updated and modified as the understanding of risks increases and new products are developed.
22:
828:
Choking is the number one reason for accidents, but chemicals such as lead can also cause developmental problems like behavioral disorders and sickness. Exposure to lead can affect almost every organ and system in the human body, especially the central nervous system. Lead is especially toxic to the
798:
systems, seek to eliminate production errors and control materials to avoid deviation from the design. The creation of manufacturing quality standards for toys will help ensure consistency of production. Using a continual improvement model, production can be subject to constant scrutiny, rather than
760:
Product safety/risk assessment (also known as product hazard analysis) can identify potential hazards and provide solutions early in the product life cycle to prevent products becoming stalled in production or recalled once they are released onto the market. During risk assessments for toys possible
599:
on the product, there may be safety hazards associated with use by a lower age group, necessitating a mandatory warning. Some manufacturers also explain the specific dangers next to the advised age (as is mandated by
European and International toy safety standards EN71 and ISO 8124 respectively, but
699:
The new Toy Safety
Directive 2009/48/EC (TSD) requires a series of safety assessments, including the Chemical Safety Assessment (CSA). If the non-chemical requirements were already enforced in July 2011, the chemical requirements are to be enforced first on 20 July 2013. In 2009, the European Union
590:
hazard for children under three years of age. In most countries the intended age is either shown as a minimum age or as an age range. While one reason for this is the complexity of the toy and how much it will interest or challenge children of different ages, another is to highlight that it may be
824:
a product from the market is a necessary part of any safety legislation. If existing quality and safety checks fail to detect an issue prior to sale, a systematic method of notifying the public and removing potentially hazardous products from the market is needed. Some toys have been discovered to
635:
introduced its own legislation that requires reporting information on a list of priority chemicals found in children’s products and sold in the state. This law demands all manufacturers of toys to provide the state of
Minnesota with a report if their children’s products contain any of the priority
109:
Accidents involving toys are quite common, with 40,000 happening each year in the United
Kingdom (according to 1998 figures - data has not been collected in the UK since 2003), accounting for less than 1% of annual accidents. In 2005 in the U.S., 20 children under 15 years of age died in incidents
921:
documenting the effects of magnetic toys ingestion in two children. Since then MEGA Brands has implemented design enhancements to
Magnetix, including sonic welding of panels, 100% inspection, gluing magnets into rods, elimination of 3+ labeling in favor of 6+ labeling after it assumed operational
898:
are large, weighted darts intended to be tossed underhand towards a horizontal ground target. On 19 December 1988, all lawn darts were banned from sale in the United States by the
Consumer Product Safety Commission after they were responsible for the deaths of three children since 1970. In 1989,
789:
Although an international toy safety standard exists, nations around the world still create their own legislation and standards to address the issue. Current toy safety standards focus on design principles and rely on batch testing of samples to assure safety. As has been seen in the large scale
967:
As of 13 December 2017 the CPSC had received 409 strangulation and suffocation reports regarding Yo-yo water balls. Made from stretchy
Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPR), these water-filled balls were weighted at one end and could get caught around a child's neck causing strangulation and possible
736:
Therefore, it is vital to perform tests and risk assessments for every product before selling them in the designated market. This is important for every manufacturer as they can be held liable for injuries and fatalities resulting from design flaws, use of unsuitable materials, and substandard
114:
National Electronic Injury Surveillance System. In the European Union, no fatal accidents have been reported in the European Injury Database since 2002. In Europe, home and leisure data was examined concerning injuries caused by falls to a lower level among 0-4-year-olds from Austria, Denmark,
780:
International commerce plays a big role in toy safety. In the first four months of 2006, China exported US$ 4 billion worth of toys. The United States contributed 70 percent of the global market by exporting US$ 15.2 billion in toys in 2005. The European Union accounts for 75% of the final
951:
704:
or CEN wrote these standards in order for them to be harmonized under the Toy Safety Directive. Official EU Guidance on the interpretation of the Toy Safety Directive 2009/48/EC exists and although non-binding, it has been agreed by a majority of EU Member States.
1257:†Amount no longer given but combined with other categories—this is sometimes done to give an agency added flexibility; however, at times this is done to falsely show an increase in funding when there is no way to assess how much will be spent for a specific task.
869:
snacks. The mechanism was a pair of one-way metal rollers behind a plastic slot and rubber lips, and there were 35 reported incidents in which a child's hair or finger was caught in the mouths. On 31 December 1996, after 700,000 dolls were distributed in the
853:. The design called for a different, non-toxic chemical, but this had been substituted with an alternative chemical, which had approximately the same functional properties. The name of the reformulated product was changed to "Beados" in 2008.
811:
or SGS Consumer Testing Services was proposed by regulators in the EU and US, to a (possibly new) international standard, requiring a new safety mark. There is no indication that the proposals will address manufacturing control.
976:
Using the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission figures the number of annual reported child toy-related deaths and injuries, compared with CPSC expenditure and total toy sales in the US by year are tabulated below.
878:
announced that they would place warning information labels on all unsold dolls. A week later, in January 1997, CPSC and Mattel announced that all Cabbage Patch Kids Snacktime Kids were being removed from the market.
585:
Manufacturers often display information about the intended age of the children who will play with the toy. In the U.S. this label is sometimes mandated by the CPSC, especially for toys which may present a
2062:". Nowadays, some websites on the Internet say that the dolls are evil and eat human flesh. Another website, www.thetoyzone.com, said that it's one of the 20 things that you never want to see under a
680:
88/378/EEC). This directive is a list of requirements toys must comply with, and is interpreted in the laws of each member state of the EU in their respective Toy Safety Regulations (e.g.: the UK's
849:
were recalled in November 2007 after several children swallowed beads and were adversely affected. Upon ingestion, a chemical used in the product metabolized in the stomach into the sedative drug,
713:
China's toy industry has been regulated since early 2007 by the expansion of the nation's compulsory certification system to include toy products. Regulations require a manufacturers to apply for
2092:
373:
Toy Safety and Commercial Information - Toy and School Material Safety. Limits on the Bioavailability of Metals used on Articles with Paints and Dyes. Chemical Specifications and Test Methods.
865:
dolls were very popular in the 1980s across North America and many parts of Europe. The "Cabbage Patch Kids Snacktime Kids" line of dolls were an early 1990s incarnation designed to "eat"
542:
toys must meet the criteria set by the EC Toy Safety Directive (essentially that a toy be safe, which may be addressed by testing to European Standard EN71) in order for them to carry the
764:
The new European standard EN 71-4:2013 was published in 2013. It replaces and updates the 2009 version of the same standard since the latter and newest has been harmonized under the EU
938:
Quik-Clik sets were recalled by Mattel after children in the United States swallowed loose magnetic parts. The toys had been sold around the world commencing three years previous.
1481:
110:
associated with toys, and an estimated 202,300 children under 15 were treated in U.S. hospital emergency rooms for injuries associated with toys, according to data from the
832:
In the United Kingdom toys are regulated by the Toy Product Safety Regulations 1995 which require that toys must not be sold if they do not have the correct safety labels.
1984:
1736:
1615:
477:
Title 15 -Commerce and Foreign Trade Chapter XI - Technology Administration, Department of Commerce Part 1150 - Marking of Toy, Look-alike and Imitation Firearms
729:
The EU Commission expert group on toy safety regularly publishes a large number of guidance documents intended to help on interpretation issues related to the
761:
hazards and potential exposure are analyzed. Additionally the manufacturing of the toys will be controlled to ensure safety and quality throughout production.
2010:
616:) was passed. Some observers are of the opinion that this new law imposes the toughest toy-making standard in the world. The CPSIA restricts the amount of
772:
in toys and juvenile products. This gives a new test method for 'Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities' under the toy safety EN 71 series.
47:
after such problems have occurred. The danger is often not due to faulty design; usage and chance both play a role in injury and death incidents as well.
1926:
2099:
799:
assuming the compliance of all production by testing random samples. In October and November 2007, mandatory third party testing by companies such as
1415:
1816:
915:
inside the plastic building pieces could fall out and be swallowed or aspirated. In 2009, Luigi Avolio and Giuseppe Martucciello published in
2520:
1374:
1599:
765:
2053:
Mattel and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Announce Voluntary Refund Program for Cabbage Patch Kids & Snacktime Kids Dolls
1972:
2189:
2133:
2055:
1485:
2221:
1544:
TITLE 16—Commercial Practices, CHAPTER II—CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION, SUBCHAPTER B—CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT REGULATIONS
2391:
2375:
2359:
2343:
2327:
2311:
2295:
1718:
1499:
609:
28:, a popular construction toy selling over 3.8 million units, was recalled after injuries and a fatality when magnets came loose.
733:. Toy manufacturers need to stay ahead of regulatory changes and be sure that their products comply with the new requirements.
1744:
1904:
701:
381:
AS/NZS ISO 8124.1:2002 Safety of Toys - Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties (ISO 8124.1:2000, MOD)
269:
Regulations Respecting the Advertising, Sale and Importation of Hazardous Products (Pacifiers) under Hazardous Products Act
917:
160:
ISO 8124-4. Safety of toys. Part 4: Swings, slides and similar activity toys for indoor and outdoor family domestic use.
1627:
2469:
2126:
2075:
2048:
1693:
558:
111:
59:
Small toys may be swallowed by children, such as this electronic button seen in a child's stomach. Toys stuck in the
2413:
2249:
952:
United States v. Article Consisting of 50,000 Cardboard Boxes More or Less, Each Containing One Pair of Clacker Balls
68:
2480:
2278:
2014:
949:
were discontinued when reports came out of children becoming injured while playing with them and after a ruling in
551:
312:
IS 9873 (Part 4): 2017 : Swings, slides and similar activity toys for indoor and outdoor family domestic use.
1641:
1543:
483:
U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Labeling Requirements for Art Materials Presenting Chronic Hazards (LHAMA)
2709:
2505:
2239:
1985:"Port Surveillance News: More than 4.8M Units of Violative Imported Products Kept at Bay During Fiscal Year 2012"
487:
Age Determination Guidelines: Relating Children's Ages to Toy Characteristics and Play Behavior (September 2002)
222:
AS/NZS ISO 8124.1-2002 Safety of toys (safety requirements) Part 1: Mechanical and physical property requirements
1662:
1464:
2547:
2264:
804:
1934:
1803:
1783:
226:
AS/NZS ISO 8124.3-2003 Safety of toys (safety requirements) Part 3 Migration of certain elements requirements
2011:"The Illustrator | China admits that poison was in toys | Beads, Action, Adhesive, Which, Article"
2484:
714:
485:
U.S. Child Safety Protection Act, Small Parts Hazard Warning Rule and Rules for Reporting Choking Incidents
135:
standard, either directly, or through adoption of the ISO 8124 standard which itself is modelled on EN 71.
600:
not US standard ASTM F963). Some accidents occur when babies play with toys intended for older children.
432:
SABS ISO 8124-1:2000 Safety of Toys - Part 1: Safety Aspects Related to Mechanical and Physical Properties
2445:
1840:
1391:
791:
718:
521:
NM 300-4. Seguridad de los Juguetes. Parte 4: Juegos de experimentos quĂmicos y actividades relacionadas.
228:
AS 8124.4-2003 Safety of toys: (safety requirements) Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry requirements
210:
NM 300-4. Seguridad de los Juguetes. Parte 4: Juegos de experimentos quĂmicos y actividades relacionadas.
523:
NM 300-5. Seguridad de los Juguetes. Parte 5: Juguetes quĂmicos distintos de los juegos de experimentos.
212:
NM 300-5. Seguridad de los Juguetes. Parte 5: Juguetes quĂmicos distintos de los juegos de experimentos.
503:
ASTM F1313-90 Standard Specification for Volatile N-Nitrosamine Levels in Rubber Nipples on Pacifiers
246:
NM 300-4. Segurança de brinquedos. Parte 4: Jogos de experimentos quĂmicos e atividades relacionadas.
163:
ISO 8124-5. Safety of toys. Part 5: Determination of total concentration of certain elements in toys.
2693:
2688:
2600:
956:
850:
2441:
2632:
624:
that may be contained in children's products (ages 12 and under) and adopts the provisions of the
152:
ISO 8124-1. Safety of toys. Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties.
131:. From the table below, it can be seen that many regions model their safety standards on the EU's
2789:
2575:
1596:
249:
NM 300-5. Segurança de brinquedos. Parte 5: Jogos quĂmicos distintos de jogos de experimentos.
1378:
166:
ISO 8124-6. Safety of toys. Part 6: Certain phthalate esters in toys and children's products.
2794:
281:
ISO 8124.1:2002 Safety of Toys - Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties
224:
AS/NZS ISO 8124 2-2003 Safety of toys (safety requirements) Part 2: Flammability requirements
955:
that they were hazards in the United States. Fairly heavy and fast-moving, and made of hard
489:
ASTM F963-07 Standard Consumer Safety Specification on Toy Safety (effective February 2009)
293:
Toys and Children's Products Safety Ordinance (in compliance with ASTM F963, ICTI or EN-71)
2451:
CE Marking Handmade Toys Collective - UK & EU based Advice & Support for Toy Makers
1260:
Annual CPSC Reports to Congress containing toy-related emergency room injuries and deaths.
683:
2193:
2130:
2052:
1694:"Directive 2009/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the safety of toys"
1584:
303:
IS 9873 (Part 1):2020 : Safety Aspects Related to Mechanical and Physical Properties
8:
2784:
2735:
1623:
515:
NM 300-1. Seguridad de los Juguetes. Parte 1: Propiedades generales, mecánicas y fĂsicas.
204:
NM 300-1. Seguridad de los Juguetes. Parte 1: Propiedades generales, mecánicas y fĂsicas.
187:
EN 71-4. Safety of toys - Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities.
2465:
2431:
Avolio L, and Martucciello G."Ingested Magnets".(2009 June). N Engl J Med 2009; 360:2770
2347:
1879:
1758:
318:
IS 9873 (Part 9): 2017 : Certain phthalate esters in toys and children's products.
2667:
2540:
2218:
2151:
1517:
862:
532:
39:, especially those made for children, are safe, usually through the application of set
2500:
2455:
1722:
2759:
2245:
2171:
2036:
1948:
677:
240:
NM 300-1. Segurança de brinquedos. Parte 1: Propriedades gerais, mecânicas e fĂsicas.
169:
ISO 8124-7. Safety of toys. Part 7: Requirements and test methods for finger paints.
1427:
525:
NM 300-6. Seguridad de los Juguetes. Parte 6: Seguridad de los juguetes eléctricos.
214:
NM 300-6. Seguridad de los Juguetes. Parte 6: Seguridad de los juguetes eléctricos.
189:
EN 71-5. Safety of toys - Part 5: Chemical toys (sets) other than experimental sets.
2580:
2163:
1663:"Bush signs bill banning lead from children's toys; toughest standard in the world"
1451:
1418:, 2000 (using 1998 data). "Home Accident Surveillance System, 22nd Annual report".
926:
on 1 January 2006. Only safe and improved products are currently on store shelves.
501:
ASTM F1148-97a Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Home Playground Equipment
456:
Thai Industrial Standard for Toys TIS 685-2540 Part 1: General Requirements (1997)
128:
40:
1853:
193:
EN 71-12. Safety of toys - Part 12: N-Nitrosamines and N-nitrosatable substances.
2714:
2683:
2622:
2617:
2363:
2225:
2137:
2059:
1603:
420:
SS 474 PT. 4: 2000 Part 4: Experimental Sets for Chemistry and Related Activities
230:
AS 8124.5-2003 Safety of toys (safety requirements) Part 5: Chemical requirements
2460:
2385:
2369:
2353:
2337:
2642:
2514:
2395:
2379:
2331:
2315:
2063:
821:
808:
673:
505:
ANSI Z315.1-1996 American National Standard for Tricycles - Safety Requirements
261:
Technical Standards Safety Act and Upholstered and Stuffed Articles Regulation
252:
NM 300-6. Segurança de brinquedos. Parte 6: Segurança de brinquedos elétricos.
44:
481:
U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Engineering Test Manual for Pacifiers
475:
Code of Federal Regulations, Commercial Practices 16, Part 1000 to End (16CFR)
315:
IS 9873 (Part 7): 2017 : Requirements and Test Methods for Finger Paints
232:
AS 8124.7-2003 Safety of toys - finger paints - requirements and test methods
2778:
2753:
2590:
2533:
2079:
1737:"Guidance document on the application of the toy safety directive 2009/48/EC"
1439:
871:
562:
554:
519:
NM 300-3. Seguridad de los Juguetes. Parte 3: MigraciĂłn de ciertos elementos.
330:
JS 90:1983 Jamaican Standard Specification for Safety of toys and playthings
208:
NM 300-3. Seguridad de los Juguetes. Parte 3: MigraciĂłn de ciertos elementos.
2450:
479:
U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Engineering Test Manual for Rattles
422:
SS 474 PT. 5: 2000 Part 5: Chemical Toys (sets) Other Than Experimental Sets
383:
AS/NZS ISO 8124.2:2003 Safety of Toys - Flammability (ISO 8124.2: 1994, MOD)
2730:
2657:
2299:
2214:
2175:
2167:
935:
641:
499:
ASTM F734-84 (89/94) Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Chests
907:
One death and four serious injuries led to the recall of 3.8 million
244:
NM 300-3. Segurança de brinquedos. Parte 3: Migração de certos elementos.
2763:
2662:
2610:
2488:
2282:
637:
124:
1456:
267:
Hazardous Products (Pacifiers) Regulations: "Knob-Like" Pacifiers Policy
21:
2652:
2627:
2595:
2414:"Toying with trouble: When it comes to playthings, how safe is enough?"
895:
621:
424:
SS 474 PT. 6: 2000 Part 6: Graphical Symbol for Age Warning labelling
385:
AS/NZS ISO 8124.3:2003 Safety of toys - Migration of certain elements
361:
MS EN71 Part 4. Experimental Sets for Chemistry and Related Activities
2647:
769:
632:
573:
399:
SSA 1064-1995 Method of Testing Part 1: Mechanical and Chemical Tests
393:
SSA 765-1994 Playground Equipment Part I: General Safety Requirements
181:
EN 71-1. Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties.
172:
ISO/TR 8124-8. Safety of toys. Part 8: Age determination guidelines.
60:
497:
ASTM F963-07e1 Standard Consumer Safety Specification on Toy Safety
55:
2570:
2131:
Child’s Death Prompts Replacement Program of Magnetic Building Sets
946:
923:
908:
795:
491:
ASTM F963-08 Standard Consumer Safety Specification on Toy Safety
157:
ISO 8124-3. Safety of toys. Part 3: Migration of certain elements.
25:
2496:
W.A.T.C.H. world against toys causing harm, inc. - Dangerous Toys
668:
In Europe, the comprehensive legislation addressing toy safety is
660:
363:
MS EN71 Part 5. Chemical Toys (Sets) Other than Experimental Sets
2637:
2474:
1559:
959:, the balls would occasionally shatter upon striking each other.
912:
866:
846:
689:
649:
587:
543:
191:
EN 71-8. Safety of toys - Part 8: Activity toys for domestic use.
82:
64:
2042:
1759:"People's Daily Online -- Toy industry gets improved regulation"
768:
Directive. The new method is a reference test method regulating
185:
EN 71-3. Safety of toys - Part 3: Migration of certain elements.
2605:
875:
557:
has the responsibility of ensuring product safety, just as the
547:
539:
446:
Central National Standard CNS 12940 for Strollers and Carriages
2510:
2305:
2289:
1462:
578:
517:
NM 300-2. Seguridad de los Juguetes. Parte 2: Inflamabilidad.
507:
ANSI/UL 696, Ninth Edition Standard for Safety Electric Toys
309:
IS 9873 (Part 3): 2020 : Migration of certain elements.
206:
NM 300-2. Seguridad de los Juguetes. Parte 2: Inflamabilidad.
132:
444:
Central National Standard CNS 4797, 4798 Toy Safety Standard
414:
SS 474 PT. 1:2000 Part 1: Mechanical and Physical Properties
242:
NM 300-2. Segurança de brinquedos. Parte 2: Inflamabilidade.
2585:
2495:
1949:"To make better decisions, you need to see the big picture"
887:
700:
adopted the new Toy Safety Directive 2009/48/EC (TSD). The
645:
617:
283:
GB 9832-93 Safety and Quality of Sewn, Plush and Cloth Toys
2556:
401:
SSA 1065-1995 Method of Testing Toys Part 2: Flammability
36:
664:
An accessory with small parts warnings in many languages
418:
SS 474 PT. 3: 2000 Part 3: Migration of Certain Elements
2525:
2321:
2037:
CPSC and Mattel Announce Warning for Cabbage Patch Doll
874:
in just five months, the CPSC along with manufacturers
1804:
Guidance documents from the Expert Group on Toy Safety
577:
Age warning symbol specified in the European standard
815:
800:
1269:
Hospital Emergency Room Treated Injuries (all ages)
265:
Hazardous Products (Toys) Regulations C.R.C., c. 931
16:
Practice of ensuring that toys meet safety standards
1440:
Toy-Related Deaths and Injuries, Calendar Year 2005
436:SABS ISO 8124-3:1997 Migration of Certain Elements
2456:New England Journal of Medicine - Ingested Magnets
2149:
626:ASTM Consumer Safety Specifications for Toy Safety
595:for children of one age, and thus this is the age
591:unsafe for younger children. While a toy might be
355:MS EN71 Part 1. Mechanical and Physical Properties
154:ISO 8124-2. Safety of toys. Part 2: Flammability.
2093:"HPA, Schedule I, Part I - "Prohibited Products""
1833:
1719:"Expert Group on Toy Safety - Guidance documents"
2776:
2444:(in the United Kingdom, not limited to toys) at
2396:2011 Annual Report to the President and Congress
2380:2010 Annual Report to the President and Congress
2364:2009 Annual Report to the President and Congress
2348:2005 Annual Report to the President and Congress
2190:"Magnetix Magnetic Building Set Recall Expanded"
1806:European Commission, Retrieved 27 September 2012
1369:
1367:
1365:
784:
628:(ASTM F963-11) as the requirements of the CPSC.
403:SSA 1322-1997 Low Power Radio Frequency Devices
285:GB 5296.5-96 Labeling and Instructions for Toys
2098:. Health Canada. 1 October 2001. Archived from
856:
183:EN 71-2. Safety of toys - Part 2: Flammability.
2150:Avolio, Luigi; Martucciello, Giuseppe (2009).
1927:"EU, U.S. seek new global toy safety standard"
1500:"Product Manuals - Bureau of Indian Standards"
1432:
321:IS 15644: 2006 : Safety of Electric Toys
2541:
2517:, a children's product safety advocacy group.
2501:Essential links for CE Marking Toys in the UK
2069:
1375:Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents
1362:
462:Part 3: Methods of Test & Analysis(1997)
359:MS EN71 Part 3. Migration of Certain Elements
2120:
2029:
603:
91:Motor toy vehicles incidents involving hair
1554:
1552:
1465:"Consumer rights for child safety products"
1392:"Choking and Strangulation Prevention Tips"
306:IS 9873 (Part 2): 2017 : Flammability
2548:
2534:
2208:
740:The following safety tests are performed:
340:Part 1—Mechanical and physical properties
2521:CPSC Requirements for Children's Products
1597:EUROPA – Consumer Affairs – Safe Products
1524:. International Council of Toy Industries
775:
730:
112:U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission's
1854:"'Brand China' at risk after toy recall"
1549:
886:
659:
572:
54:
20:
2392:U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
2376:U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
2360:U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
2344:U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
2328:U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
2312:U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
2296:U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
2237:
1989:U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
1880:"Toy Safety Standards Around the World"
1839:China Economic Review, January 2007. "
1518:"Toy Safety Standards Around the World"
1482:"References of EU harmonised standards"
655:
610:Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act
416:SS 474 PT. 2: 2000 Part 2: Flammability
271:A Guide to Safety Requirements for Toys
85:or aspiration of small parts of the toy
2777:
1536:
1409:
891:A safety warning given out by the CPSC
708:
2529:
2279:"Consumer Product-Related Statistics"
1924:
1784:"European Guidance Documents on Toys"
397:Toys and General Safety Requirements
104:
2085:
1616:"Harmonised EU toy safety standards"
1577:
962:
460:Part 2: Packages and Labeling (1997)
273:Toys: Age Classification Guidelines
50:
2511:Improving Children's Product Safety
2411:
2115:38. Lawn darts with elongated tips.
918:The New England Journal of Medicine
195:EN 62115. Safety of electric toys.
118:
97:Strangulation from toys with string
13:
2470:Consumer Product Safety Commission
2405:
2127:Consumer Product Safety Commission
2076:Consumer Product Safety Commission
2049:Consumer Product Safety Commission
1665:. Associated Press. 14 August 2008
911:building sets in March 2006. The
816:Product recalls and safety hazards
568:
559:Consumer Product Safety Commission
338:Japan Toy Safety Standard, ST2012
263:Hazardous Products Act R.S. c. H-3
123:Distinction must be drawn between
100:Migration from dangerous chemicals
14:
2806:
2435:
2238:Johnson, Barb (20 October 2009),
1925:Ennis, Darren (8 November 2007).
1585:The Toy (Safety) Regulations 1995
899:they were also banned in Canada.
840:
724:
434:SABS ISO 8124-2:1994 Flammability
63:or too large to pass through the
35:is the practice of ensuring that
2758:
2749:
2748:
2506:Toy Safety Standards in the U.S.
1841:REPORTS / Better safe than sorry
1416:Department of Trade and Industry
702:Comité Européen de Normalisation
682:Toys (Safety) Regulations 1995 (
2710:American International Toy Fair
2412:Foy, Adele (15 December 1981).
2271:
2257:
2231:
2182:
2156:New England Journal of Medicine
2143:
2035:KidSource, 31 December 1996. "
2003:
1977:
1966:
1941:
1918:
1905:"Quality management principles"
1897:
1872:
1846:
1809:
1797:
1776:
1751:
1729:
1711:
1686:
1677:
1655:
1642:"Toy Safety Regulations - BERR"
1634:
1608:
1590:
1510:
929:
494:Voluntary Toy Safety Standard:
2468:(in the United States) at the
2398:". Accessed 24 February 2018.
2382:". Accessed 24 February 2018.
2366:". Accessed 24 February 2018.
2350:". Accessed 24 February 2018.
2334:". Accessed 24 February 2018.
2318:". Accessed 24 February 2018.
2316:2001 Annual Report to Congress
2302:". Accessed 24 February 2018.
2300:1996 Annual Report to Congress
1546:". Accessed 24 February 2018.
1492:
1474:
1445:
1421:
1384:
715:China Compulsory Certification
472:Mandatory Toy Safety Standard:
88:Cuts by sharp parts of the toy
1:
2219:Toy recall over magnet hazard
1843:". Accessed 10 January 2007.
1560:"ASTM F963 Toy Safety Update"
1442:". Accessed 10 January 2007.
1355:
971:
934:In November 2006 4.4 million
882:
785:Moves toward global standards
2485:Canadian Toy Testing Council
2228:". Accessed 8 January 2006.
2140:". Accessed 8 January 2006.
2082:". Accessed 5 January 2006.
2039:". Accessed 5 January 2006.
1587:". Accessed 7 January 2006.
1381:". Accessed 8 January 2007.
857:Cabbage Patch Snacktime Kids
448:Toy Goods Labeling Criteria
144:Standard(s) and Regulations
67:may need to be removed with
7:
2446:Trading Standards Institute
2066:. Accessed 15 January 2007.
1817:"Safety Assessment of Toys"
986:Injuries (US $ Thousands)
941:
902:
835:
744:Mechanical/physical testing
719:2007 Chinese export recalls
357:MS ISO 8124-2. Flammability
346:Part 3—Chemical properties
10:
2811:
2051:(CPSC), 6 January 1997. "
1504:Bureau of Indian Standards
79:Ingestion of magnetic toys
75:Common scenarios include:
2744:
2723:
2702:
2694:National Toy Hall of Fame
2689:Toy Industry Hall of Fame
2676:
2563:
2129:(CPSC), 31 March 2006. "
750:Electrical safety testing
604:United States regulations
533:ICTI Toy Safety Standards
371:NOM 015/10-SCFI/SSA-1994
2715:Toy Industry Association
2555:
2224:16 November 2007 at the
2058:20 February 2008 at the
1438:CSPC, 5 October 2006. "
1428:European Injury database
670:the Toy Safety Directive
631:In 2012 the US state of
992:CPSC toy safety funding
2442:Product safety recalls
2217:, 22 November 2006. "
2168:10.1056/NEJMicm0801917
892:
776:International commerce
665:
582:
72:
29:
2601:Cymbal-banging monkey
890:
663:
576:
58:
24:
2136:5 April 2006 at the
2080:CPSC Bans Lawn Darts
1973:EPA Lead Safety Week
1683:15 USC 2051 Sec. 106
1630:on 14 February 2009.
1379:Toy Safety Factsheet
989:Deaths (age <15)
747:Flammability testing
731:Toy Safety Directive
684:Statutory Instrument
656:European regulations
608:In August 2008, the
343:Part 2—Flammability
2736:List of wooden toys
2491:on 1 November 2016.
2285:on 16 January 2013.
2267:. 16 November 2015.
2265:"Yo-yo water balls"
2017:on 13 November 2007
1937:on 15 January 2008.
1725:on 1 February 2009.
1624:European Commission
1602:15 May 2013 at the
1463:Vincenten, Joanne.
1396:Safe Kids Worldwide
709:Chinese regulations
674:European Union (EU)
561:(CPSC) does in the
2466:Toy Hazard Recalls
2418:The Boston Phoenix
2332:2003 Annual Report
2244:, Harper Collins,
2152:"Ingested Magnets"
2105:on 11 January 2013
1272:Deaths (all ages)
893:
863:Cabbage Patch Kids
666:
636:chemicals such as
583:
105:Accident frequency
94:Chemical substance
73:
30:
2772:
2771:
2461:Banned Toy Museum
1698:eur-lex.europa.eu
1353:
1352:
1255:
1254:
999:(US $ Billions)
963:Yo-Yo Water Balls
678:Council Directive
529:
528:
51:Potential hazards
2802:
2762:
2752:
2751:
2581:Construction set
2550:
2543:
2536:
2527:
2526:
2492:
2487:. Archived from
2475:Recalled Product
2428:
2426:
2424:
2399:
2389:
2383:
2373:
2367:
2357:
2351:
2341:
2335:
2325:
2319:
2309:
2303:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2281:. Archived from
2275:
2269:
2268:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2235:
2229:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2196:on 22 April 2007
2192:. Archived from
2186:
2180:
2179:
2147:
2141:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2110:
2104:
2097:
2089:
2083:
2073:
2067:
2046:
2040:
2033:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2013:. Archived from
2007:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1991:. 22 August 2016
1981:
1975:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1933:. Archived from
1922:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1884:www.toy-icti.org
1876:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1860:. 15 August 2007
1850:
1844:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1821:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1743:. Archived from
1733:
1727:
1726:
1721:. Archived from
1715:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1690:
1684:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1626:. Archived from
1612:
1606:
1594:
1588:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1556:
1547:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1488:on 15 July 2013.
1484:. Archived from
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1460:
1454:
1449:
1443:
1436:
1430:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1388:
1382:
1377:, March 2001. "
1371:
1263:
1262:
994:(US$ Millions)
980:
979:
756:Chemical testing
458:Compulsory Stnd.
412:Safety of Toys:
178:European Union
138:
137:
129:safety standards
119:Safety standards
41:safety standards
2810:
2809:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2775:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2740:
2719:
2698:
2684:Toy advertising
2672:
2623:Electronic game
2559:
2554:
2513:The website of
2479:
2438:
2422:
2420:
2408:
2406:Further reading
2403:
2402:
2390:
2386:
2374:
2370:
2358:
2354:
2342:
2338:
2326:
2322:
2310:
2306:
2294:
2290:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2252:
2236:
2232:
2226:Wayback Machine
2213:
2209:
2199:
2197:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2148:
2144:
2138:Wayback Machine
2125:
2121:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2095:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2074:
2070:
2060:Wayback Machine
2047:
2043:
2034:
2030:
2020:
2018:
2009:
2008:
2004:
1994:
1992:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1971:
1967:
1957:
1955:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1923:
1919:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1888:
1886:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1863:
1861:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1838:
1834:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1802:
1798:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1767:
1765:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1747:on 30 May 2017.
1735:
1734:
1730:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1702:
1700:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1668:
1666:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1635:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1604:Wayback Machine
1595:
1591:
1582:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1558:
1557:
1550:
1541:
1537:
1527:
1525:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1467:
1461:
1457:
1450:
1446:
1437:
1433:
1426:
1422:
1414:
1410:
1400:
1398:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1372:
1363:
1358:
1177:202 (estimate)
998:
993:
974:
965:
957:acrylic plastic
944:
932:
905:
885:
859:
843:
838:
820:The ability to
818:
792:recalls of 2007
787:
778:
727:
711:
658:
606:
571:
569:Appropriate age
550:the government
524:
522:
520:
518:
516:
506:
504:
502:
500:
498:
496:
492:
490:
488:
486:
484:
482:
480:
478:
476:
474:
461:
459:
447:
445:
435:
433:
423:
421:
419:
417:
415:
413:
402:
400:
398:
394:
384:
382:
372:
362:
360:
358:
356:
301:Safety of Toys
284:
282:
272:
270:
268:
266:
264:
262:
243:
241:
231:
229:
227:
225:
223:
213:
211:
209:
207:
205:
192:
190:
188:
186:
184:
182:
121:
107:
53:
45:product recalls
17:
12:
11:
5:
2808:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2790:Product safety
2787:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2756:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2727:
2725:
2724:Related topics
2721:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2560:
2553:
2552:
2545:
2538:
2530:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2515:Kids In Danger
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2477:
2472:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2437:
2436:External links
2434:
2433:
2432:
2429:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2384:
2368:
2352:
2336:
2320:
2304:
2288:
2270:
2256:
2250:
2230:
2207:
2181:
2142:
2119:
2084:
2068:
2064:Christmas tree
2041:
2028:
2002:
1976:
1965:
1940:
1917:
1896:
1871:
1845:
1832:
1808:
1796:
1775:
1750:
1728:
1710:
1685:
1676:
1654:
1633:
1607:
1589:
1576:
1548:
1535:
1509:
1491:
1473:
1455:
1444:
1431:
1420:
1408:
1383:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1001:
1000:
995:
990:
987:
984:
973:
970:
964:
961:
943:
940:
931:
928:
904:
901:
884:
881:
858:
855:
842:
841:Bindeez/Beados
839:
837:
834:
817:
814:
809:Bureau Veritas
786:
783:
777:
774:
758:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
726:
725:Safety testing
723:
710:
707:
657:
654:
605:
602:
570:
567:
527:
526:
513:
509:
508:
469:
468:United States
465:
464:
454:
450:
449:
442:
438:
437:
430:
426:
425:
410:
406:
405:
395:SSA 1063-1994
391:
387:
386:
379:
375:
374:
369:
365:
364:
353:
349:
348:
336:
332:
331:
328:
324:
323:
299:
295:
294:
291:
287:
286:
279:
275:
274:
259:
255:
254:
238:
234:
233:
220:
216:
215:
202:
198:
197:
179:
175:
174:
150:
149:International
146:
145:
142:
127:and voluntary
120:
117:
106:
103:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
89:
86:
80:
52:
49:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2807:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2755:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2722:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2703:Organizations
2701:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2591:Action figure
2589:
2588:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2551:
2546:
2544:
2539:
2537:
2532:
2531:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2430:
2419:
2415:
2410:
2409:
2397:
2393:
2388:
2381:
2377:
2372:
2365:
2361:
2356:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2333:
2329:
2324:
2317:
2313:
2308:
2301:
2297:
2292:
2284:
2280:
2274:
2266:
2260:
2253:
2251:9780061944048
2247:
2243:
2242:
2234:
2227:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2211:
2195:
2191:
2185:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2146:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2128:
2123:
2116:
2101:
2094:
2088:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2038:
2032:
2016:
2012:
2006:
1990:
1986:
1980:
1974:
1969:
1954:
1950:
1944:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1921:
1906:
1900:
1885:
1881:
1875:
1859:
1855:
1849:
1842:
1836:
1818:
1812:
1805:
1800:
1785:
1779:
1764:
1760:
1754:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1732:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1680:
1664:
1658:
1643:
1637:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1593:
1586:
1580:
1565:
1561:
1555:
1553:
1545:
1539:
1523:
1522:toy-icti.org/
1519:
1513:
1505:
1501:
1495:
1487:
1483:
1477:
1466:
1459:
1453:
1448:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1424:
1417:
1412:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1361:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1002:
996:
991:
988:
985:
982:
981:
978:
969:
968:suffocation.
960:
958:
954:
953:
948:
939:
937:
927:
925:
920:
919:
914:
910:
900:
897:
889:
880:
877:
873:
872:United States
868:
864:
854:
852:
848:
833:
830:
826:
823:
813:
810:
806:
802:
797:
793:
782:
773:
771:
767:
762:
755:
752:
749:
746:
743:
742:
741:
738:
734:
732:
722:
720:
716:
706:
703:
697:
695:
694:due diligence
691:
687:
686:1995 No. 204)
685:
679:
675:
671:
662:
653:
651:
647:
643:
639:
634:
629:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
601:
598:
594:
589:
580:
575:
566:
564:
563:United States
560:
556:
555:Health Canada
553:
549:
545:
541:
536:
534:
514:
511:
510:
495:
473:
470:
467:
466:
463:
455:
452:
451:
443:
440:
439:
431:
429:South Africa
428:
427:
411:
408:
407:
404:
392:
390:Saudi Arabia
389:
388:
380:
377:
376:
370:
367:
366:
354:
351:
350:
347:
344:
341:
337:
334:
333:
329:
326:
325:
322:
319:
316:
313:
310:
307:
304:
300:
297:
296:
292:
289:
288:
280:
277:
276:
260:
257:
256:
253:
250:
247:
239:
236:
235:
221:
218:
217:
203:
200:
199:
196:
180:
177:
176:
173:
170:
167:
164:
161:
158:
155:
151:
148:
147:
143:
140:
139:
136:
134:
130:
126:
116:
113:
99:
96:
93:
90:
87:
84:
81:
78:
77:
76:
70:
66:
62:
57:
48:
46:
42:
38:
34:
27:
23:
19:
2795:Toy industry
2731:List of toys
2489:the original
2421:. Retrieved
2417:
2387:
2371:
2355:
2339:
2323:
2307:
2291:
2283:the original
2273:
2259:
2240:
2233:
2215:The Scotsman
2210:
2198:. Retrieved
2194:the original
2184:
2162:(26): 2770.
2159:
2155:
2145:
2122:
2114:
2107:. Retrieved
2100:the original
2087:
2071:
2044:
2031:
2019:. Retrieved
2015:the original
2005:
1993:. Retrieved
1988:
1979:
1968:
1956:. Retrieved
1952:
1943:
1935:the original
1930:
1920:
1908:. Retrieved
1899:
1887:. Retrieved
1883:
1874:
1862:. Retrieved
1857:
1848:
1835:
1823:. Retrieved
1811:
1799:
1787:. Retrieved
1778:
1766:. Retrieved
1763:en.people.cn
1762:
1753:
1745:the original
1741:ec.europa.eu
1740:
1731:
1723:the original
1713:
1701:. Retrieved
1697:
1688:
1679:
1667:. Retrieved
1657:
1645:. Retrieved
1636:
1628:the original
1620:ec.europa.eu
1619:
1610:
1592:
1579:
1567:. Retrieved
1564:www.astm.org
1563:
1538:
1526:. Retrieved
1521:
1512:
1503:
1494:
1486:the original
1476:
1458:
1447:
1434:
1423:
1411:
1399:. Retrieved
1395:
1386:
1259:
1256:
975:
966:
950:
945:
936:Polly Pocket
933:
930:Polly Pocket
916:
906:
894:
860:
844:
831:
827:
819:
788:
779:
763:
759:
739:
737:production.
735:
728:
712:
698:
693:
681:
669:
667:
642:Formaldehyde
630:
625:
613:
607:
596:
592:
584:
537:
530:
493:
471:
457:
396:
378:New Zealand
345:
342:
339:
320:
317:
314:
311:
308:
305:
302:
251:
248:
245:
194:
171:
168:
165:
162:
159:
156:
153:
122:
108:
74:
32:
31:
18:
2663:Scale model
2618:Educational
2021:22 November
922:control of
845:Batches of
638:Bisphenol A
597:recommended
125:regulations
2785:Toy safety
2779:Categories
2643:Mechanical
2596:bobblehead
2109:25 January
2078:(CPSC). "
1953:IHS Markit
1356:References
997:Toy sales
972:Statistics
896:Lawn darts
883:Lawn darts
766:Toy Safety
622:phthalates
552:department
409:Singapore
290:Hong Kong
219:Australia
201:Argentina
69:endoscopes
33:Toy safety
2648:Model car
2481:"Recalls"
1669:15 August
1200:no dataâ€
770:chemicals
633:Minnesota
531:(Source:
453:Thailand
352:Malaysia
61:esophagus
2754:Category
2677:Industry
2222:Archived
2176:19553650
2134:Archived
2056:Archived
1858:BBC News
1703:3 August
1600:Archived
1346:238,315
1335:184,430
1324:171,864
1313:240,423
1302:149,153
1291:146,867
1280:138,097
1249:no data
1243:no data
1233:no data
1227:no data
1217:no data
1211:no data
1194:no data
947:Clackers
942:Clackers
924:Rose Art
909:Magnetix
903:Magnetix
836:Examples
805:Eurofins
796:ISO 9000
753:Labeling
593:suitable
512:Uruguay
327:Jamaica
26:Magnetix
2658:Optical
2611:Stuffed
2564:By type
2423:22 June
1931:Reuters
1528:10 June
1452:Unknown
1401:14 June
913:magnets
867:plastic
847:Bindeez
690:CE Mark
672:of the
650:cadmium
588:choking
544:CE mark
441:Taiwan
368:Mexico
258:Canada
237:Brazil
141:Region
83:Choking
65:stomach
2764:Portal
2653:Office
2633:Girls'
2628:Fidget
2606:Puppet
2248:
2200:20 May
2174:
1995:20 May
1958:20 May
1910:20 May
1889:20 May
1864:25 May
1825:20 May
1789:20 May
1768:20 May
1647:20 May
1569:20 May
876:Mattel
822:recall
548:Canada
540:Europe
335:Japan
298:India
278:China
2668:Skill
2576:Boys'
2241:Books
2103:(PDF)
2096:(PDF)
1820:(PDF)
1468:(PDF)
1343:2011
1332:2010
1321:2009
1310:2005
1299:2003
1288:2001
1277:1996
1266:Year
1240:2009
1224:2008
1208:2007
1203:22.3
1191:2006
1186:22.2
1183:11.0
1174:2005
1169:22.4
1166:11.5
1157:2004
1152:20.7
1149:12.8
1140:2003
1135:21.3
1132:12.2
1123:2002
1116:12.4
1107:2001
1100:12.0
1091:2000
1084:13.6
1075:1999
1060:1998
1046:1997
1032:1996
1018:1995
1004:1994
983:Year
614:CPSIA
579:EN 71
133:EN 71
2586:Doll
2557:Toys
2425:2024
2394:. "
2378:. "
2362:. "
2346:. "
2330:. "
2314:. "
2298:. "
2246:ISBN
2202:2020
2172:PMID
2111:2011
2023:2007
1997:2020
1960:2020
1912:2020
1891:2020
1866:2010
1827:2020
1791:2020
1770:2020
1705:2024
1671:2008
1649:2020
1571:2020
1530:2014
1403:2019
1373:The
1160:210
1143:206
1126:212
1110:255
1094:191
1078:152
1063:153
1049:141
1035:130
1021:139
1007:154
861:The
646:lead
620:and
618:lead
37:toys
2638:Gun
2571:Art
2164:doi
2160:360
1338:13
1327:16
1305:18
1294:10
1283:19
1246:12
1230:19
1214:22
1197:22
1180:20
1163:16
1146:11
1129:13
1113:25
1097:17
1081:16
1066:14
851:GHB
801:LGA
676:, (
648:or
581:-6.
538:In
2781::
2483:.
2416:.
2170:.
2158:.
2154:.
2113:.
1987:.
1951:.
1929:.
1882:.
1856:.
1761:.
1739:.
1696:.
1622:.
1618:.
1562:.
1551:^
1520:.
1502:.
1394:.
1364:^
1349:9
1316:9
807:,
803:,
721:.
652:.
644:,
640:,
535:)
2549:e
2542:t
2535:v
2427:.
2204:.
2178:.
2166::
2025:.
1999:.
1962:.
1914:.
1893:.
1868:.
1829:.
1793:.
1772:.
1707:.
1673:.
1651:.
1583:"
1573:.
1542:"
1532:.
1506:.
1470:.
1405:.
612:(
71:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
