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1960s Sicilian Mafia trials

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33: 292:, an American Mafiosi who began co-operating with the government in 1962. As a low-level mobster, Valachi was not at the Grand Hotel Des Palmes meeting, but he was aware of the growing heroin trade and the Sicilian Mafia's involvement in it. The police had also put those at the meeting under surveillance at the time and for months afterwards in the hope of collecting evidence that they were dealing in narcotics. 243:
the decision the two organisations came to (which was for the Sicilians to import and distribute heroin into the US, with their American counterparts taking a slice of the profits), but they were aware it concerned trafficking heroin. (The meeting also concluded that, following the American model, the Sicilians should start up
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On 10 December 1969, once all the trials were over, Michele Cavataio and three of his men were shot to death in a gun battle that left one of the attackers dead as well. Having drastically reduced its activities during the crackdown following the Ciaculli Massacre, the Mafia was back in business and
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to prosecute the Mafia that followed the after the Ciaculli Massacre had evaporated by the end of the 1960s, leaving prosecutors on their own. Whilst there was undoubtedly witness intimidation and evidence tampering, a lot of the evidence was fairly thin. There were almost no pentiti at the time and
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and Sicilian Mafiosi at the Grand Hotel Des Palmes in Palermo. The meeting was about heroin, with the Americans apparently not keen on getting too involved in drugs due to the lengthy sentences for trafficking, whilst the Sicilians were apparently all for it. At the time, authorities did not know of
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was gunned down by Leggio and his men and lasted five-years, resulting in over fifty murders, as Leggio and his faction battled it out with Navarra's supporters. Leggio, who was victorious and now the new Corleonesi Boss, was the key defendant, charged with murdering nine people, including Navarra.
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The longest sentence was handed to Angelo La Barbera, who was given twenty-two-years for ordering the kidnap and murder of two rival mobsters who had vanished in 1963 after they were seen being bundled off the streets; someone who witnessed the kidnapping testified for the prosecution despite death
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A crackdown – albeit not quite as disregarding of civil liberties as General Aldo De Marco initially requested – did indeed follow, and during the mid-1960s, 1,995 suspected Mafiosi were arrested and charged with hundreds of crimes. It took many trials to process the accused, including
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As was the case in all three trials, the defendants pleaded innocent and insisted they were not members of any Mafia, and that they had never heard of such an organization. When Leggio took the stand he made the rather strange claim that he was being framed by a police officer who had "begged me
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The trial opened in December 1967 and lasted until 22 December 1968. It resulted in ten convictions, with several of those being just for Organized Delinquency. This only carried a sentence of a few years, and most of those convicted of it were released instantly thanks to time already served.
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Many of those in the above trials were convicted at a later date. For example, Gaetano Badalamenti would end his days in a US prison after being convicted of doing in the 1970s and 1980s exactly what he had been accused of planning in the 1960s, namely trafficking heroin into America. Tommaso
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Buscetta would eventually become one of the first Mafia pentiti and revealed a great deal about the Mafia, although he was a little reluctant to implicate himself or his friends too much, his revelations concentrating on his enemies such as Leggio, Riina and Giuseppe Calo.
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Amongst the 104 defendants acquitted was Luciano Leggio. It is not known for certain what role – if any – he played in the First Mafia War, although he spent a lot of time in Palermo in the early 1960s and was apparently friends with Salvatore Greco.
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Leggio would play a significant role in the third trial which began in February 1969, just two-months after the end of the Trial of the 114. This trial, which took place once again on the Italian mainland, in the town of
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to combat the Mafia, although Mori's crude method of imprisoning thousands of men – many of them innocent – without trial meant the Mafia were able to swiftly reestablish themselves as before once Mori had departed.
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repeatedly to pleasure his wife; and I, for moral reasons, refused...Please don't ask me for names, I am a gentleman." He and some other defendants did, however, admit to the minor crime of dealing on the
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Cesare Terranova successfully appealed the acquittal of the "gentlemen from Corleone" so many, including Leggio and Riina, had to go into hiding almost as soon as they were released. Leggio was retried
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We simply want to warn you that if a single gentleman from Corleone is convicted, you will be blown sky high, you will be wiped out, you will be butchered and so will every member of your family.
207:"Get everybody with a criminal record and throw them into jail, on my orders. Torture them and see what they let out, or shoot them on sight. I'll go to prison. But we can't go on like this." 443:
There was significant evidence tampering during the trial. For example, fragments of a broken car light found at the Navarra murder scene which had been identified as belonging to an
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in 1893. A number of suspected Mafiosi were rounded up and tried in 1900 of the murder, and though convicted they were acquitted on appeal due to a minor technicality. In the 1920s,
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You people in Bari have not understood, or rather, you don't want to understand, what Corleone means. You are judging honest gentlemen of Corleone, denounced through caprice by the
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on trial for dozens of crimes. From the authority's point of view, they were a failure; very few defendants were convicted, although later trials as well as information from
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signed the order to send the men to trial in 1965, ruling that the crimes and those accused of carrying them out were all linked and should be tried as an organized body.
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should have stood trial too, having been indicted for triple murder in 1963, but he had somehow escaped the police dragnet, something he managed to do until 2006.
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Cesare Terranova was gunned down in 1979. Leggio was accused of ordering the killing from his prison cell, but acquitted due to insufficient evidence.
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because he was not present at the trial. He had fled Sicily after the Ciaculli Massacre to avoid the inevitable crackdown. Buscetta was captured in
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violence around the late 1950s and early 1960s. There were three major trials, each featuring multiple defendants, that saw hundreds of alleged
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threats, one of the few witnesses to do so. Tommaso Buscetta was given a thirteen-year sentence for kidnapping the men but his conviction was
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few non-Mafiosi willing to risk death by testifying for the prosecution. The trial against the Corleonesi did however have one pentito,
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for the Navarra murder in 1970, and this time found guilty, but it was four years before he could be captured and sent off to serve his
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confirmed most of those acquitted were Mafiosi members, and were guilty of many crimes including some of those they were acquitted of.
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car owned by Leggio had, by the time of the trial, been replaced by bits of a broken light from a completely different make of car.
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The evidence was still thin on the ground and at the conclusion of the trial in August 1968 every single defendant was acquitted.
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Overlapping the above trial was the Trial of the 114, so-called because it featured 114 defendants. This trial took place in
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The prosecutor was once again Cesare Terranova, who had made it clear that he was intent on putting Leggio away for good.
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Many of the prosecutors and judges involved in the trials, including Terranova, complained that the political will from
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We think we've been clear. Nobody must be convicted. Otherwise you will be condemned to death – you and your families.
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The first trial opened in 1967 and concentrated on the growing involvement of the Sicilian Mafia in the international
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The prosecutors did not have a great deal of evidence at the trial, principally relying on information from
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its first job was to dispose of Cavataio, who they had finally realised had triggered the First Mafia War.
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The defendants were accused of crimes relating to the First Mafia War, the charges including multiple
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The charges related to a Mafia War in Corleone that started in 1958 when the local Mafia boss
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quotes the regional army commander for Sicily, General Aldo De Marco as ordering his men to:
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that started in 1962. The event that triggered a major crackdown against the Mafia was the
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in 1973 and sent back to Sicily to serve his sentence. Salvatore Greco was also convicted
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Octopus: How the long reach of the Sicilian Mafia controls the global narcotics trade
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Amongst those on trial were the heads of the opposing factions in the Mafia War,
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mainland, partly due to there being no facilities for such a large trial in
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To the President of the Court of Assizes of Bari and members of the Jury:
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retired in July, they and the judge received an anonymous note that read:
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at a second trial for murdering Navarra, remained a fugitive until 1993.
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In the late 1950s, there was an increase in violence around the town of
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because the US had no such criminal charge of Organized Delinquency.
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trade. Specifically, the defendants were all those who had been at a
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Mafioso: A history of the Mafia from its origins to the present day
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took place at the end of that decade in response to a rise in
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says: "A man warned is a man saved". It's up to you. Be wise.
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as rival factions in the local Mafia clan, the group around
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Amongst his co-defendants was his eventual successor,
390:. No-one was found guilty of the Ciaculli Massacre. 57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1411: 1346:Sicilian brigandage and rebels (20th century) 620: 591:Cosa Nostra: A history of the Sicilian Mafia 265:All the Americans at the meeting, including 627: 613: 482:All sixty-four defendants were acquitted. 117:Learn how and when to remove this message 219: 1081:Grand Hotel et des Palmes Mafia meeting 14: 1412: 1065:List of Sicilian Mafia members by city 1240:List of victims of the Sicilian Mafia 608: 419:, also accused of Navarra's slaying. 55:adding citations to reliable sources 26: 397: 315:and also in the hope of minimizing 298: 24: 634: 25: 1451: 1341:Italian brigandage (19th century) 1220:Direzione Investigativa Antimafia 1122:Portella della Ginestra massacre 497:Salvatore Riina, also convicted 31: 1440:Organized crime events in Italy 319:of witnesses. Anti-Mafia judge 42:needs additional citations for 1152:Via Federico Pipitone massacre 1060:List of Sicilian Mafia members 578:(Simon & Schuster, 1990), 563:(Secker & Warburg, 1976), 215: 13: 1: 1435:History of the Sicilian Mafia 553: 189:in and around Palermo in the 66:"1960s Sicilian Mafia trials" 1294:Article 41-bis prison regime 1210:Italian Antimafia Commission 1205:Sangiorgi report (1898-1900) 504: 250:Amongst the defendants were 7: 1256:1960s Sicilian Mafia trials 532: 131:1960s Sicilian Mafia trials 10: 1456: 1182:Via dei Georgofili bombing 656:Interprovincial Commission 153:was stabbed to death on a 1384: 1276: 1248: 1197: 1140:Circonvallazione massacre 1112: 1089: 1073: 1052: 1026: 993: 945: 917: 884: 821: 812: 759: 716: 642: 201:(see References), author 1394:Organized crime in Italy 238:in October 1957 between 283:Charles "Lucky" Luciano 1430:20th century in Sicily 1267:Pizza Connection Trial 886:Caltanissetta Province 480: 227: 1188:Via Palestro massacre 985:San Mauro Castelverde 456: 223: 151:Emanuele Notarbartolo 1389:American Cosa Nostra 1304:Banda della Magliana 1299:Banda della Comasina 1284:American Cosa Nostra 1176:Via D'Amelio bombing 1134:Viale Lazio massacre 899:Vallelunga Pratameno 876:Campobello di Licata 871:Palma di Montechiaro 260:Giuseppe Genco Russo 245:their own commission 225:Giuseppe Genco Russo 51:improve this article 1146:Via Carini massacre 423:Bernardo Provenzano 252:Gaetano Badalamenti 1399:Mafia bibliography 1361:Sacra Corona Unita 1164:Pizzolungo bombing 861:Sambuca di Sicilia 823:Agrigento Province 360:. Also there were 236:series of meetings 228: 212:three major ones. 1407: 1406: 1158:Train 904 bombing 1048: 1047: 980:Belmonte Mezzagno 593:(Coronet, 2004), 574:Claire Sterling, 354:Angelo La Barbera 195:Ciaculli massacre 127: 126: 119: 101: 16:(Redirected from 1447: 1225:State-Mafia Pact 1128:Ciaculli bombing 1103:Second Mafia War 1013:Mazara del Vallo 995:Trapani Province 947:Palermo Province 836:Santa Elisabetta 819: 818: 799:Cuntrera-Caruana 643:Chain of command 629: 622: 615: 606: 605: 543:Second Mafia War 398:Corleonesi trial 358:Michele Cavataio 321:Cesare Terranova 299:Trial of the 114 277:, but none were 256:Tommaso Buscetta 167:Benito Mussolini 122: 115: 111: 108: 102: 100: 59: 35: 27: 21: 18:Trial of the 114 1455: 1454: 1450: 1449: 1448: 1446: 1445: 1444: 1410: 1409: 1408: 1403: 1380: 1351:Mala del Brenta 1272: 1244: 1193: 1114: 1108: 1097:First Mafia War 1085: 1069: 1044: 1022: 989: 941: 913: 880: 841:Porto Empedocle 808: 755: 718:Codes and terms 712: 638: 633: 559:Gaia Servadio, 556: 535: 507: 417:Salvatore Riina 412:Michele Navarra 400: 350:Salvatore Greco 301: 271:Carmine Galante 218: 203:Claire Sterling 191:First Mafia War 179:Michele Navarra 135:organized crime 123: 112: 106: 103: 60: 58: 48: 36: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 1453: 1443: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1405: 1404: 1402: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1385: 1382: 1381: 1379: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1333: 1332: 1331: 1324:Corsican mafia 1321: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1280: 1278: 1274: 1273: 1271: 1270: 1264: 1258: 1252: 1250: 1246: 1245: 1243: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1227: 1222: 1217: 1207: 1201: 1199: 1195: 1194: 1192: 1191: 1185: 1179: 1173: 1170:Capaci bombing 1167: 1161: 1155: 1149: 1143: 1137: 1131: 1125: 1118: 1116: 1110: 1109: 1107: 1106: 1100: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1086: 1084: 1083: 1077: 1075: 1071: 1070: 1068: 1067: 1062: 1056: 1054: 1050: 1049: 1046: 1045: 1043: 1042: 1036: 1030: 1028: 1024: 1023: 1021: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1005: 999: 997: 991: 990: 988: 987: 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159:Cesare Mori 1414:Categories 1309:Basilischi 1261:Maxi Trial 1230:Addiopizzo 955:Camporeale 932:Brancaccio 814:Mandamenti 769:Corleonesi 731:Mandamento 701:Caporegime 697:Capodecina 650:Commission 554:References 539:Maxi Trial 445:Alfa Romeo 332:kidnapping 279:extradited 183:Corleonesi 77:newspapers 1425:Antimafia 1198:Antimafia 1113:Massacres 1034:Mistretta 909:Mussomeli 851:Cianciana 846:Canicattì 831:Agrigento 794:Inzerillo 709:(Soldier) 686:Underboss 505:Aftermath 339:smuggling 305:Catanzaro 1074:Meetings 1040:Siracusa 970:Bagheria 960:Corleone 804:Graviano 774:Galatolo 726:Made man 652:(Cupola) 533:See also 275:indicted 240:American 181:and the 175:Corleone 1336:Garduña 1319:Camorra 1277:Related 1235:Pentito 1214:members 1053:Members 1008:Trapani 919:Palermo 751:Pizzino 707:Soldato 476:proverb 450:As the 436:during 336:tobacco 309:Italian 307:on the 273:, were 199:Octopus 144:pentiti 139:Mafiosi 91:scholar 1366:Stidda 1249:Trials 1190:(1993) 1184:(1993) 1178:(1992) 1172:(1992) 1166:(1985) 1160:(1984) 1154:(1983) 1148:(1982) 1142:(1982) 1136:(1969) 1130:(1963) 1124:(1947) 1018:Alcamo 975:Trabia 965:Cinisi 856:Ribera 789:Motisi 784:Minore 736:OmertĂ  666:Family 597:  582:  567:  384:Brazil 328:murder 313:Sicily 232:heroin 163:Sicily 93:  86:  79:  72:  64:  1027:Other 904:Riesi 779:Greco 761:Clans 746:Pizzo 741:Faida 670:Cosca 343:theft 155:train 98:JSTOR 84:books 1090:Wars 1038:Sud 894:Gela 676:Boss 595:ISBN 580:ISBN 565:ISBN 511:Rome 452:jury 405:Bari 364:and 352:and 269:and 258:and 129:The 70:news 247:.) 165:by 53:by 1416:: 494:. 440:. 368:. 341:, 334:, 330:, 254:, 1216:) 1212:( 703:) 699:( 682:) 678:( 672:) 668:( 628:e 621:t 614:v 601:. 586:. 571:. 120:) 114:( 109:) 105:( 95:· 88:· 81:· 74:· 47:. 20:)

Index

Trial of the 114

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"1960s Sicilian Mafia trials"
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organized crime
Mafiosi
pentiti
Emanuele Notarbartolo
train
Cesare Mori
Sicily
Benito Mussolini
Corleone
Michele Navarra
Corleonesi
car bombings
First Mafia War
Ciaculli massacre
Claire Sterling

Giuseppe Genco Russo
heroin

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