20:
227:
444:
180:
172:
391:
203:. Even today sheep and cattle breeding is the leading branch of the economy of highland Tusheti. The local shepherds spend the summer months in the highland areas of Tusheti but live in the lowland villages of Zemo Alvani and Kvemo Alvani in wintertime. Their customs and traditions are similar to those of other eastern Georgian mountaineers, such as the
337:. Routledge Curzon: Oxon, 2005. Page 30. "The Kakh(etians), who used to call themselves Kabatsas and their territory Kakh-Batsa, were surrounded by Nakh tribes and were themselves thought to be Tushians of Nakh extraction. The eighteenth-century historian Vakhushti asserted that the Kakh considered the Gligvs, Dzurdzuks and Kist as their ethnic kin."
155:. Most Bats also speak Georgian, to which there is a continuing trend of linguistic assimilation. Despite differences in language and culture (to a degree), both Chagma- and Tsova-Tush consider themselves to be part of the larger group of Tush, which in turn is considered a subgroup of Georgians.
255:
Theories regarding the origin of the Chagma-Tush all include descent from
Georgian tribes (possibly pagans fleeing Christianization in the 4th century CE), but variously involve influence or admixture from South Caucasian Nakh, Dagestani peoples, or none.
241:
The origin of the Tush themselves is a mysterious and debatable matter, with numerous theories regarding the origin of Tsova-Tush and of the Chagma-Tush. It also is uncertain whether the two groups have a common origin or not.
425:
252:
Anthropological studies on the Tsova-Tush found them to be somewhere in between the
Chechen-origin Kists and the Chagma-Tush of the region, but significantly closer to the Chagma-Tush.
432:
410:
249:
inhabiting areas of
Kakheti and Tusheti), North Caucasian Nakh tribes in the 16th century, or Old Georgian tribes who were influenced by or intermixed with the Nakh.
418:
440:
596:
478:
163:
Anthropologically
Tushetians have an Eastern Georgian type of face, with light colored eyes and hair color ranging from blonde to brown.
271:(which eventually fell under heavy influence from Persia), the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and then independent united Georgia.
404:, a site mainly dedicated to the Tsova-Tush with significant information on the Chagma-Tush as well as their neighbors in addition
245:
Theories regarding the origin of the Tsova-Tush include involving descent from South
Caucasian Nakh tribes in ancient times (or a
195:, with which it shares neither the features nor the making technique) and high quality wool was famous and was exported to
267:
The lands of the Tush have variously been under the rule of
Caucasian Iberia, the medieval united kingdom of Georgia, the
576:
346:
Nichols, Johanna, "The Origin of the
Chechen and Ingush: A Study in Alpine Linguistic and Ethnic Geography",
395:
290:
81:
19:
8:
448:
268:
443:
215:
140:
128:
70:
460:
363:, The Hakluyt Society, Second Series No. CXXXVIII, Cambridge University Press, 1970
95:
34:
234:
139:
The Tush divide themselves into two groups, the Chagma-Tush, who speak the local
264:
The region of
Tusheti was first mentioned by its name in the 4th century BCE.
590:
319:
285:
152:
148:
124:
373:
226:
488:
246:
192:
548:
533:
528:
513:
280:
518:
503:
498:
483:
523:
473:
468:
452:
188:
116:
179:
543:
493:
204:
171:
120:
508:
390:
208:
200:
196:
144:
58:
558:
553:
538:
104:
40:
127:
and Chagma
Tushetians speak the Chagma Tushetian dialect of
55:
49:
191:. Tushetian Guda cheese (Not to be confused with European
107:
46:
401:
61:
101:
52:
37:
361:
Russian
Embassies to the Georgian Kings – 1589–1605
98:
43:
588:
74:
426:
321:The Red Book of Peoples of the Russian Empire
214:Like most Georgian groups, they are mainly
433:
419:
143:and the Tsova-Tush, also known as Bats or
315:
313:
311:
309:
307:
305:
225:
178:
170:
18:
589:
302:
414:
359:15 and 20(c) in ALLEN, W.E.D. (Ed.),
13:
597:Ethnic groups in Georgia (country)
14:
608:
383:
442:
389:
94:
33:
366:
353:
340:
327:
187:Traditionally, the Truths are
86:
1:
577:Ethnic groups in the Caucasus
296:
158:
123:. Tsova Tushetians speak the
134:
16:Ethnic subgroup of Georgians
7:
348:Anthropological Linguistics
274:
10:
613:
374:"Batsav | the batsbi"
259:
221:
166:
572:
459:
291:Omalo Ethnographic Museum
75:
335:The Chechens: A Handbook
125:Tsova Tushetian language
350:, Vol. 46, No. 2, 2004.
218:Christian in religion.
449:Ethnographic subgroups
238:
184:
183:Costume of a Tush man.
176:
24:
229:
182:
174:
22:
398:at Wikimedia Commons
115:, are a subgroup of
119:who mainly live in
333:Jaimoukha, Amjad.
269:Kingdom of Kakheti
239:
185:
177:
25:
584:
583:
394:Media related to
216:Georgian Orthodox
604:
461:Ethnic Georgians
447:
446:
435:
428:
421:
412:
411:
393:
378:
377:
370:
364:
357:
351:
344:
338:
331:
325:
317:
147:, who speak the
141:Georgian dialect
114:
113:
110:
109:
106:
103:
100:
88:
85:
78:
77:
68:
67:
64:
63:
60:
57:
54:
51:
48:
45:
42:
39:
23:Tushetians, 2006
612:
611:
607:
606:
605:
603:
602:
601:
587:
586:
585:
580:
568:
455:
441:
439:
408:
386:
381:
372:
371:
367:
358:
354:
345:
341:
332:
328:
323:; Bats section.
318:
303:
299:
277:
262:
235:Grigory Gagarin
231:A Tushetian man
224:
175:Keselo, Tusheti
169:
161:
137:
97:
93:
80:
36:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
610:
600:
599:
582:
581:
573:
570:
569:
567:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
465:
463:
457:
456:
438:
437:
430:
423:
415:
406:
405:
402:www.batsav.com
399:
385:
384:External links
382:
380:
379:
365:
352:
339:
326:
300:
298:
295:
294:
293:
288:
283:
276:
273:
261:
258:
223:
220:
168:
165:
160:
157:
136:
133:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
609:
598:
595:
594:
592:
579:
578:
571:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
466:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
445:
436:
431:
429:
424:
422:
417:
416:
413:
409:
403:
400:
397:
392:
388:
387:
375:
369:
362:
356:
349:
343:
336:
330:
324:
322:
316:
314:
312:
310:
308:
306:
301:
292:
289:
287:
286:Bats language
284:
282:
279:
278:
272:
270:
265:
257:
253:
250:
248:
243:
236:
232:
228:
219:
217:
212:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
181:
173:
164:
156:
154:
153:Nakh language
150:
149:Bats language
146:
142:
132:
130:
126:
122:
118:
112:
92:
83:
72:
66:
30:
21:
574:
563:
524:Lechkhumians
489:Imerkhevians
407:
368:
360:
355:
347:
342:
334:
329:
320:
266:
263:
254:
251:
244:
240:
230:
213:
193:Gouda cheese
186:
162:
138:
90:
28:
26:
544:Mtiuletians
534:Mingrelians
529:Meskhetians
514:Khevsurians
396:Tush people
281:Bats people
247:Nakh people
575:See Also:
564:Tushetians
504:Kakhetians
499:Javakhians
484:Imeretians
297:References
159:Appearance
29:Tushetians
549:Pshavians
509:Kartlians
479:Heretians
469:Adjarians
453:Georgians
189:shepherds
135:Subgroups
117:Georgians
82:romanized
591:Category
554:Rachians
539:Mokheves
494:Ingiloys
275:See also
205:Khevsurs
129:Georgian
71:Georgian
474:Gurians
260:History
237:, 1840s
222:Origins
167:Culture
121:Tusheti
87:tushebi
209:Pshavs
201:Russia
197:Europe
145:Batsbi
89:), or
76:თუშები
73::
559:Svans
519:Lazs
207:and
199:and
151:, a
91:Tush
27:The
451:of
233:by
593::
304:^
211:.
131:.
105:uː
79:,
69:;
59:ən
41:uː
434:e
427:t
420:v
376:.
111:/
108:ʃ
102:t
99:ˈ
96:/
84::
65:/
62:z
56:i
53:t
50:ɛ
47:ʃ
44:ˈ
38:t
35:/
31:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
