147:
295:
267:
59:
1480:
1648:) and replaced by two provisional councils, with members appointed by the government, that would serve until elections in 1999. Tung said that those reappointed must "love China love Hong Kong" and refused to clarify whether democratic politicians met this definition. The announcement caused a row at the Urban Council and was unpopular with the public. Likewise, the pre-handover government opposed China's decision to disband the two councils and the 18 district boards, and to reintroduce appointed seats, which had been abolished under democratic reforms.
1472:
1462:
307:
2232:
287:
1681:
bins were themselves discarded, replaced by a similar design, but in green rather than purple. Although the government had promised that some powers and duties of the Urban
Council and Regional Council would be passed to the District Councils, in fact all were taken up by two newly created government departments: the
1581:
said, "Together with the
Government, the Urban Council is committed to the development of the arts in Hong Kong. We aim to do so at the professional level so that gifted Hong Kong citizens can develop their artistic potential. We also aim to make available to all members of the community a wide range
389:
The Urban
Council was first established as the Sanitary Board in 1883. In 1887, a system of partial elections was established, allowing selected individuals to vote for members of the Board. On 1 March 1935, the Sanitary Board was reconstituted to carry out the work which remained much the same until
1676:
After the
Handover, the council was disbanded and replaced with the Provisional Urban Council, which comprised pre-Handover councillors plus new members appointed by the new government. The same was done with the Regional Council. The government then announced that the councils would be abolished in
1631:
The
Council was responsible for street cleansing, refuse collection, and pest control. It operated refuse collection points, public toilets and bathhouses, and was responsible for rubbish bins throughout the urban area. It was also responsible for the control of hawkers, issuing hawker licences and
1604:
was established in May 1981, and was at one time directly administered by the Urban
Council. It aims to combine classical and folk traditions of China with contemporary international awareness. These groups were later taken over by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department when the Urban Council
447:
In 1973, the
Council was reorganised under non-government control. It was given financial autonomy, which meant the budget could be planned without the approval of the Legislative Council. It was also no longer primarily in charge of housing. From then onwards, there were no government officials on
1680:
Both councils were dissolved on 31 December 1999 as planned. Within days of the dissolution of the Urban
Council, its distinctive symbol was systematically removed from public sight, such as by pasting over it with paper on all litter bins and information boards. Shortly afterwards, all the litter
416:
By April 1956 half of the members of the Urban
Council were elected, but by a minority of the population. A voter had to be at least 21 years of age, to have lived in Hong Kong for at least three years and to be qualified in at least one of 23 categories, which included educational qualifications
1655:
met in May 1997 and drafted new legislation that would allow the chief executive-designate to appoint members to the new provisional bodies. Three bills re-introducing appointed seats to the post-Handover municipal councils and district boards were passed by the provisional legislature on 7 June
507:
In 1973, the electoral franchise was widened to residents above 21 years of age who have lived in Hong Kong for at least three years that qualified in at least one of 23 specified categories, which included educational qualifications (School
Certificate Examination or equivalent), be a juror,
458:
In the 1960s, the council proposed that its jurisdiction should be expanded to encompass the entire colony, but this was not accepted. The Urban Services Department already provided services in the New Territories despite the council not having jurisdiction there. In 1979, the New Territories
1596:
was also founded in 1977 and was directly financed and administered by the Urban Council. It aims to promote and raise the standards of the theatrical "stage play" drama in Cantonese in the territory with professional actors, directors, playwrights, administration, training and production.
1531:
The Council held the Festival of Asian Arts every year since 1976. The Council also sponsored the International Film Festival, which took place annually mid-year and which gave Hong Kong people a rare chance to see a range of international film making, as well as Chinese films. The
1107:
was published in January 1981. The White Paper solidified expansion of suffrage for Urban Council elections. The Urban Council (Amendment) Ordinance 1981 was subsequently enacted in 1981 to provide for the expansion of electoral franchise and creation of constituencies to the
1672:
claimed that "elections were divisive and appointments would stabilise the community". Also on 1 July, elements of the Urban Council Ordinance and Regional Council Ordinance were repealed to allow the government to determine the composition and tenure of the councils.
512:). Half of the members of the Urban Council were elected, but by a minority of the population. It was estimated that in 1970 there were 250,000 eligible voters and in 1981 the number had increased to 400,000 – 500,000. Prominent elected Urban Councilors included
402:, the Council returned to its pre-war form but without any elected members. The work of the Sanitary Department of the government began to separate out from the medical and health service. On 28 May 1946, the Council met for the first time after the
368:
in 1883. It was renamed the Urban Council when new legislation was passed in 1936 expanding its mandate. In 1973 the council was reorganised under non-government control and became financially autonomous. Originally composed mainly of
1576:
The Council directly financed and often even managed many local arts groups. In 1983, at "An Evening With the Council's Performing Companies" – one of the events in the Urban Council Centenary Celebration – the then-council chairman
406:. It was given power to carry out all its old duties – cleaning, burying the dead, running bath houses and public lavatories, hawker control – as well as some new ones, such as the use of bathing beaches throughout Hong Kong.
302:. Shown here is the logo of the Urban Council Public Library Reading Programme, a reading programme in the 1990s which provided gifts as incentives for children to read, based on the number of books they borrowed and read.
394:
broke out. The board was renamed the Urban Council in 1936 when the government passed the Urban Council Ordinance, which gave legal motive to the already expanding range of services provided by the Council.
413:
did elections return to the Urban Council. Two members were elected. Later in 1952, the number of elected members was doubled, their terms of office extended to two years, and the franchise enlarged.
1656:
1997. The Urban Council, Regional Council and District Boards (Amendment) Bills 1997 stipulated that Tung Chee-hwa could appoint no more than 50 seats to the provisional municipal councils.
1582:
of artistic performance for their enjoyment and appreciation. And in the not too distant future we hope to see Hong Kong recognised as a major international centre of the performing arts."
1496:
The Council's services included: recreational venues and activities, libraries, museums, cultural and entertainment venues, ticketing, wet markets, hawker registration and control,
1677:
1999. Both councils jointly objected to this plan, putting forward an alternative merger proposal entitled "One Council, One Department", which was not accepted by the government.
1669:
1493:
was the executive branch of the Council to implement policies and services. In 1997, it had about 16,000 employees, according to its published leaflet of 'service promises'.
504:
Elections for unofficial members of the Urban Council were held since 1888. Suffrage was restricted to residents on the special and common jury lists between 1888 and 1973.
448:
the Council and both the chairman and vice-chairman were elected among the 24 members. At the time, the Council was unique in consisting solely of members of the public.
133:
1601:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2322:
2317:
2198:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2312:
2307:
1661:
1102:
2556:
2385:
1091:
the number of appointed members in the Urban Council be increased to 15 to maintain the pre-existing ratio between appointed and elected members;
421:
or equivalent), be a juror, salaried taxpayer, or a member of certain professional organisations. More details can be found in Schedule 1 of the
2910:
2220:
1776:
member, the Commissioner for Resettlement, appointed on a year-to-year basis since 1954. This appointment was made permanent in January 1965.
1134:
The electoral franchise were expanded to around 568,000 voters upon implementation of the White Paper, which marked an increase by 17 times:
2817:
2114:
1087:
was published on 6 June 1980 for public consultations on reforming local administration in Hong Kong. The Green Paper recommended that:
2551:
508:
salaried taxpayer, or a member of certain professional organisations as listed in Schedule 1 of the Urban Council Ordinance (Cap. 101,
437:
1682:
17:
2892:
1686:
2228:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
1605:
was dissolved. In 2001, the groups were privatised and became limited companies, but still receive funding from the government.
429:). It was estimated that in 1970 there were 250,000 eligible voters and in 1981 the number had increased to 400,000 – 500,000.
2961:
2566:
2561:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
1748:
1645:
1290:
626:
603:
580:
485:
459:
Services Department was created (within the Urban Services Department) as a dedicated unit to take up these responsibilities.
374:
279:
1094:
8 constituencies be created for the Urban Council, with 7 multi-member constituencies and 1 single-member constituency; and
1151:
The electorate and turnout of selected Urban Council elections after the expansion of electoral franchise are as follows:
891:
The electorate and turnout of selected Urban Council elections before the expansion of electoral franchise is as follows:
2951:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
1614:
1439:
1429:
1425:
1404:
1241:
1222:
1203:
868:
846:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2213:
2165:
1519:
which, upon the dissolution of the municipal councils, was merged with the Regional Council Public Libraries to form
1400:
1387:
1383:
1370:
1366:
1353:
1349:
1334:
1324:
1320:
1294:
1184:
1127:
1109:
1061:
1045:
1029:
1013:
997:
981:
965:
949:
933:
917:
824:
802:
780:
758:
715:
693:
649:
410:
2822:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
403:
2357:
2184:
2946:
2915:
2789:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2298:
565:
452:
229:
31:
1548:
regularly exhibits Chinese and Western art and frequently arranges art exchanges with overseas countries. The
2956:
2837:
2131:
2905:
2244:
2206:
1743:
493:
475:
463:
358:
2925:
1593:
1586:
1549:
315:
2920:
1697:
1520:
1409:
1299:
1120:
474:), analogous to the Urban Council. The New Territories Services Department was reorganised to form the
2711:
1724:
1712:
1490:
1339:
1304:
350:
1564:
presents shows in the Space Theatre and exhibitions on astronomy, nature and space exploration with
1261:
Changes to the electoral system of unofficial members in the Urban Council are outlined as follows:
1846:
1508:
The Urban Council played a significant role in the artistic and cultural development of Hong Kong.
1483:
294:
146:
1690:
1545:
521:
2236:
1730:
1561:
266:
1552:, once housed in Kowloon Park, records local history and oral tradition. It is now located at
1589:
was established in 1977, under direct financial support and management by the Urban Council.
1626:
492:, consisting of members of the pre-handover Council, and new members were appointed by the
154:
8:
1479:
441:
433:
121:
1718:
1578:
481:
In 1994, the Council became fully elected based on universal and equal adult suffrage.
378:
334:
2115:
Explainer: What can Hong Kong’s democrats do with their new District Council majority?
1119:
15 single-member constituencies created (each of 250,000 population), elected through
2161:
1489:
The Urban Council provided many services to the Hong Kong people over the years. The
330:
275:
79:
58:
1512:
1465:
399:
338:
299:
201:
178:
115:
2188:
1471:
517:
467:
354:
271:
158:
1657:
1147:
the 23 criteria for registering as voters in Urban Council elections abolished.
365:
311:
1980:
Li, Angela (17 March 1997). "Number of members for bodies yet to be decided".
1708:
Before 1973, the chairmanship was occupied by the Director of Urban Services:
1141:
minimum period of ordinary residence in Hong Kong increased from 3 to 7 years;
2940:
1644:
announced that the two municipal councils would be disbanded on 1 July 1997 (
1641:
1557:
1116:
number of elected and appointed members increased from 12 to 15 members each;
373:
and appointed members, by the time the Urban Council was disbanded following
1665:
1553:
1126:
the term of UC members elected in 1981 shortened to 2 years to accommodate
391:
208:
2040:
Hon, May Sin-mi; Li, Angela (7 May 1997). "Power to appoint in pipeline".
1942:"市局選舉今晨揭曉 投票率百份廿二 點票工作今晨三時尚未完畢". The Kung Sheung Daily News. 9 March 1983.
1461:
1097:
1-2 constituencies in each district; each constituency represents 250,000.
1144:
all residents were eligible for suffrage regardless of nationalities; and
471:
346:
2025:
Li, Angela (18 March 1997). "Legislators reveal concern at secondment".
306:
2231:
2181:
1497:
432:
In the 1960s, the duties of the Urban Council continued to multiply.
222:
1613:
The Council operated sports grounds, parks, indoor games halls, and
1128:
Urban Council elections under the reformed electoral methods in 1983
478:, separate from the USD, the executive arm of the Regional Council.
349:). These services were provided by the council's executive arm, the
513:
243:
2010:
Li, Angela (5 February 1997). "Let councillors stay, says poll".
1516:
342:
1500:, street cleansing, issuing licenses, and operating abattoirs.
286:
1929:
Green Paper: A Pattern of District Administration in Hong Kong
1085:
Green Paper: A Pattern of District Administration in Hong Kong
1511:
It also managed the Urban Council Public Libraries system in
451:
The Urban Council celebrated its centenary in 1983, with the
418:
1916:. Hong Kong; New York: Oxford University Press. p. 224.
1901:. Hong Kong; New York: Oxford University Press. p. 156.
2118:
1696:
The archives of the two municipal councils are held by the
1565:
1533:
2158:
A History of the Municipal Councils of Hong Kong 1883–1999
1965:
No, Kwai-yan (13 March 1997). "No firm answer from Tung".
2193:
455:
in Tsim Sha Tsui East named to commemorate the occasion.
298:
The Urban Council ran numerous public services including
248:
234:
1926:
1664:, called the bills a "retrogression of democracy" while
2160:. Hong Kong: Leisure and Cultural Services Department.
1946:
213:
1475:
The former Urban Services Department Training School
1078:
2096:
488:on 1 July 1997, the Council's name was changed to
1104:White Paper: District Administration in Hong Kong
1101:Upon the conclusion of public consultations, the
2938:
1789:
377:it was composed entirely of members elected by
314:was jointly built by the Urban Council and the
1995:"Tung adds condition for handover survivors".
1870:“Elected Urbco protest over reform plan,” in:
1820:“Elected Urbco protest over reform plan,” in:
1700:, and are available online in digitised form.
2214:
527:The size of the Urban Council is as follows:
183:
436:in Central was opened in 1962, followed by
290:The Urban Council's service area (in pink).
2221:
2207:
2182:Food and Environmental Hygiene Department
1914:'The Government and Politics of Hong Kong
1899:'The Government and Politics of Hong Kong
1683:Food and Environmental Hygiene Department
1640:In early 1997, chief executive-designate
2194:Leisure and Cultural Services Department
2132:"Municipal Councils Archives Collection"
2053:
2051:
1859:The Government and Politics of Hong Kong
1809:The Government and Politics of Hong Kong
1687:Leisure and Cultural Services Department
1478:
1470:
1460:
499:
305:
293:
285:
265:
1608:
1534:Independent Short Film and Video Awards
14:
2939:
2435:Sanitary Board and municipal elections
2237:Elections and referendums in Hong Kong
1952:
1911:
1896:
1456:
1110:Urban Council election on 8 March 1983
2202:
2048:
2039:
1861:. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press.
1811:. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press.
353:. Later, the equivalent body for the
280:Royal Household of the United Kingdom
270:The armorial bearings granted by the
1703:
2155:
2102:
1795:
1503:
1138:minimum voting age to remain at 21;
24:
2024:
2009:
1979:
1964:
1526:
25:
2973:
2911:Registration and Electoral Office
2175:
1927:The Hong Kong Government (1980).
2230:
2121:by Kris Cheng, 27 November 2019
2058:"Appointed seats bills passed".
1931:. Hong Kong: Government Printer.
1079:Expansion of Electoral Franchise
145:
57:
2124:
2108:
2081:
2066:
2033:
2018:
2003:
1988:
1973:
1958:
1935:
1920:
1905:
1766:
364:The council was founded as the
249:
235:
2916:List of Hong Kong by-elections
2790:Rural Representative elections
1890:
1877:
1864:
1851:
1840:
1827:
1814:
1801:
1571:
453:Urban Council Centenary Garden
419:School Certificate Examination
214:
184:
32:Urban Council (disambiguation)
27:Municipal council in Hong Kong
13:
1:
2962:Waste management in Hong Kong
2358:Legislative Council elections
2092:. 21 January 1997. p. 6.
2088:"How the laws are affected".
2077:. 20 January 1997. p. 4.
1999:. 2 February 1997. p. 2.
1754:
1653:Provisional Executive Council
1620:
438:the first multi-storey market
333:in Hong Kong responsible for
2906:Electoral Affairs Commission
2134:. Hong Kong Public Libraries
1783:
1759:
1744:Regional Council (Hong Kong)
476:Regional Services Department
7:
1737:
1594:Hong Kong Repertory Theatre
1587:Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra
1550:Hong Kong Museum of History
1179:those eligible to vote (%)
316:Royal Hong Kong Jockey Club
10:
2978:
2952:Urban Council of Hong Kong
2838:National People's Congress
2712:District Council elections
2149:
1698:Hong Kong Public Libraries
1632:operating hawker bazaars.
1624:
1539:
1521:Hong Kong Public Libraries
1410:First-past-the-post voting
1300:First-past-the-post voting
1121:first-past-the-post voting
384:
29:
2901:
2885:
2836:
2788:
2710:
2434:
2356:
2297:
2243:
2062:. 8 June 1997. p. 4.
1772:One temporary additional
1749:Taiwan Provincial Council
1635:
1491:Urban Services Department
1416:
1413:
1408:
1340:plurality-at-large voting
1338:
1311:
1308:
1305:plurality-at-large voting
1298:
1273:Number of constituencies
490:Provisional Urban Council
351:Urban Services Department
260:
242:
228:
221:
207:
200:
195:
191:
177:
173:
168:
153:
144:
139:
127:
113:
108:
100:
92:
87:
73:
68:
56:
41:
18:Urban Council (Hong Kong)
2090:South China Morning Post
2075:South China Morning Post
2060:South China Morning Post
2042:South China Morning Post
2027:South China Morning Post
2012:South China Morning Post
1997:South China Morning Post
1982:South China Morning Post
1967:South China Morning Post
1872:South China Morning Post
1822:South China Morning Post
1484:Kowloon Walled City Park
1174:contested elections (%)
466:was set up to serve the
2073:"Laws to be scrapped".
1912:Miners, Norman (1981).
1897:Miners, Norman (1991).
1883:“Sing Tao Jih Pao,” in
1833:“Sing Tao Jih Pao,” in
1691:Home Affairs Department
1602:Hong Kong Dance Company
1546:Hong Kong Museum of Art
486:transfer of sovereignty
423:Urban Council Ordinance
63:Emblem of Urban Council
2187:28 August 2005 at the
1731:Ronald Leung Ding-bong
1562:Hong Kong Space Museum
1536:were founded in 1993.
1486:
1476:
1468:
1169:voted in the election
1167:registered voters who
909:voted in the election
907:registered voters who
318:
303:
291:
283:
2947:Politics of Hong Kong
1857:Norman Miners. 1981.
1807:Norman Miners. 1981.
1615:public swimming pools
1482:
1474:
1464:
500:Members and elections
309:
297:
289:
269:
2957:History of Hong Kong
1627:Hawkers in Hong Kong
1609:Recreation and sport
30:For other uses, see
1668:of the pro-Beijing
1457:Duties and services
404:Japanese occupation
274:, appointed by the
122:First-past-the-post
2926:Elections in Macau
2921:Elections in China
2299:Election Committee
2156:Lau, Y.W. (2002).
1885:Hong Kong Standard
1835:Hong Kong Standard
1719:Hilton Cheong-Leen
1660:, chairman of the
1651:The post-Handover
1579:Hilton Cheong-Leen
1487:
1477:
1469:
1444:32 constituencies
1414:15 constituencies
1162:registered voters
902:registered voters
379:universal suffrage
335:municipal services
319:
304:
292:
284:
2934:
2933:
1704:Lists of Chairmen
1689:, along with the
1454:
1453:
1259:
1258:
1076:
1075:
889:
888:
510:Laws of Hong Kong
427:Laws of Hong Kong
331:municipal council
276:British Sovereign
264:
263:
256:
255:
230:Yale Romanization
202:Standard Mandarin
164:
163:
80:Municipal council
16:(Redirected from
2969:
2235:
2234:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2200:
2199:
2171:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2128:
2122:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2055:
2046:
2045:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2022:
2016:
2015:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1962:
1956:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1894:
1888:
1881:
1875:
1868:
1862:
1855:
1849:
1844:
1838:
1831:
1825:
1818:
1812:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1777:
1770:
1654:
1513:Hong Kong Island
1504:Arts and culture
1466:Mong Kok Stadium
1264:
1263:
1154:
1153:
912:Voting rate (%)
894:
893:
574:
568:
558:
550:
542:
530:
529:
464:Regional Council
442:Jardine's Bazaar
400:Second World War
359:Regional Council
339:Hong Kong Island
300:public libraries
278:, a part of the
252:
251:
238:
237:
217:
216:
193:
192:
187:
186:
166:
165:
149:
104:31 December 1999
61:
51:
50:
39:
38:
21:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2897:
2881:
2832:
2784:
2706:
2430:
2352:
2293:
2245:Chief Executive
2239:
2229:
2227:
2189:Wayback Machine
2178:
2168:
2152:
2147:
2137:
2135:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2113:
2109:
2101:
2097:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2057:
2056:
2049:
2038:
2034:
2023:
2019:
2008:
2004:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1978:
1974:
1963:
1959:
1951:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1925:
1921:
1910:
1906:
1895:
1891:
1882:
1878:
1869:
1865:
1856:
1852:
1845:
1841:
1832:
1828:
1819:
1815:
1806:
1802:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1781:
1780:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1740:
1725:H.M.G. Forsgate
1706:
1652:
1638:
1629:
1623:
1611:
1574:
1542:
1529:
1527:Cultural events
1506:
1459:
1309:1 constituency
1303:
1284:
1282:
1277:
1276:Total number of
1178:
1173:
1168:
1166:
1161:
1081:
908:
906:
901:
738:
673:
652:
629:
606:
583:
575:
572:
569:
566:District Boards
564:
562:
559:
556:
554:
551:
548:
546:
543:
540:
536:
533:
518:Brook Bernacchi
502:
494:Chief Executive
468:New Territories
444:in March 1963.
387:
355:New Territories
272:College of Arms
159:Edinburgh Place
130:
118:
83:
82:
64:
52:
48:
47:
45:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2975:
2965:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2843:
2841:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2794:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2716:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2362:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2304:
2302:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2250:
2248:
2241:
2240:
2226:
2225:
2218:
2211:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2191:
2177:
2176:External links
2174:
2173:
2172:
2166:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2123:
2107:
2105:, p. 150.
2095:
2080:
2065:
2047:
2032:
2017:
2002:
1987:
1972:
1957:
1955:, p. 157.
1945:
1934:
1919:
1904:
1889:
1887:, 8 March 1981
1876:
1863:
1850:
1839:
1837:, 8 March 1981
1826:
1813:
1800:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1728:
1722:
1716:
1713:A. de O. Sales
1705:
1702:
1658:Frederick Fung
1637:
1634:
1622:
1619:
1610:
1607:
1573:
1570:
1541:
1538:
1528:
1525:
1505:
1502:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1407:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1317:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1297:
1287:
1286:
1279:
1278:Elected seats
1274:
1271:
1270:Voting system
1268:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1177:Percentage of
1175:
1170:
1163:
1158:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1117:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
994:
993:
990:
987:
984:
978:
977:
974:
971:
968:
962:
961:
958:
955:
952:
946:
945:
942:
939:
936:
930:
929:
926:
923:
920:
914:
913:
910:
903:
898:
887:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
865:
864:
861:
858:
855:
852:
849:
843:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
821:
820:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
799:
798:
795:
792:
789:
786:
783:
777:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
755:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
734:
733:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
712:
711:
708:
705:
702:
699:
696:
690:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
669:
668:
665:
662:
659:
656:
653:
646:
645:
642:
639:
636:
633:
630:
623:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
600:
599:
596:
593:
590:
587:
584:
577:
576:
570:
560:
552:
544:
534:
501:
498:
386:
383:
366:Sanitary Board
312:Hong Kong Park
262:
261:
258:
257:
254:
253:
246:
240:
239:
232:
226:
225:
223:Yue: Cantonese
219:
218:
211:
205:
204:
198:
197:
196:Transcriptions
189:
188:
181:
175:
174:
171:
170:
162:
161:
151:
150:
142:
141:
137:
136:
131:
128:
125:
124:
119:
114:
111:
110:
106:
105:
102:
98:
97:
94:
90:
89:
85:
84:
78:
77:
75:
71:
70:
66:
65:
62:
54:
53:
46:
42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2974:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2900:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2835:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2224:
2219:
2217:
2212:
2210:
2205:
2204:
2201:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2169:
2167:962-7039-41-1
2163:
2159:
2154:
2153:
2133:
2127:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2104:
2099:
2091:
2084:
2076:
2069:
2061:
2054:
2052:
2043:
2036:
2028:
2021:
2013:
2006:
1998:
1991:
1983:
1976:
1968:
1961:
1954:
1949:
1938:
1930:
1923:
1915:
1908:
1900:
1893:
1886:
1880:
1873:
1867:
1860:
1854:
1848:
1843:
1836:
1830:
1823:
1817:
1810:
1804:
1798:, p. 32.
1797:
1792:
1788:
1775:
1769:
1765:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1701:
1699:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1678:
1674:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1649:
1647:
1643:
1642:Tung Chee-hwa
1633:
1628:
1618:
1616:
1606:
1603:
1598:
1595:
1590:
1588:
1583:
1580:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1558:Tsim Sha Tsui
1555:
1551:
1547:
1537:
1535:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1509:
1501:
1499:
1494:
1492:
1485:
1481:
1473:
1467:
1463:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1341:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1283:Elected seats
1281:Proportion of
1280:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1176:
1171:
1164:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1106:
1105:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
995:
991:
988:
985:
983:
980:
979:
975:
972:
969:
967:
964:
963:
959:
956:
953:
951:
948:
947:
943:
940:
937:
935:
932:
931:
927:
924:
921:
919:
916:
915:
911:
904:
899:
896:
895:
892:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
870:
867:
866:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
848:
845:
844:
840:
837:
834:
831:
828:
826:
823:
822:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
804:
801:
800:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
782:
779:
778:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
760:
757:
756:
752:
749:
746:
743:
740:
736:
735:
731:
728:
725:
722:
719:
717:
714:
713:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
695:
692:
691:
687:
684:
681:
678:
675:
671:
670:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
647:
643:
640:
637:
634:
631:
628:
625:
624:
620:
617:
614:
611:
608:
605:
602:
601:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
578:
571:
567:
561:
553:
545:
539:
535:
532:
531:
528:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
505:
497:
495:
491:
487:
482:
479:
477:
473:
469:
465:
460:
456:
454:
449:
445:
443:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
414:
412:
407:
405:
401:
396:
393:
392:World War Two
382:
380:
376:
372:
367:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
323:Urban Council
317:
313:
308:
301:
296:
288:
281:
277:
273:
268:
259:
247:
245:
241:
236:síh jing guhk
233:
231:
227:
224:
220:
212:
210:
206:
203:
199:
194:
190:
182:
180:
176:
172:
169:Urban Council
167:
160:
157:Lower Block,
156:
152:
148:
143:
140:Meeting place
138:
135:
132:
129:Last election
126:
123:
120:
117:
116:Voting system
112:
107:
103:
99:
96:18 April 1883
95:
91:
86:
81:
76:
72:
67:
60:
55:
43:Urban Council
40:
37:
33:
19:
2876:
2827:
2779:
2425:
2347:
2288:
2157:
2136:. Retrieved
2126:
2110:
2098:
2089:
2083:
2074:
2068:
2059:
2044:. p. 6.
2041:
2035:
2026:
2020:
2014:. p. 6.
2011:
2005:
1996:
1990:
1984:. p. 5.
1981:
1975:
1969:. p. 6.
1966:
1960:
1948:
1937:
1928:
1922:
1913:
1907:
1898:
1892:
1884:
1879:
1871:
1866:
1858:
1853:
1842:
1834:
1829:
1821:
1816:
1808:
1803:
1791:
1773:
1768:
1707:
1695:
1679:
1675:
1666:Chan Kam-lam
1650:
1646:the Handover
1639:
1630:
1612:
1599:
1591:
1584:
1575:
1568:techniques.
1554:Chatham Road
1543:
1530:
1510:
1507:
1495:
1488:
1260:
1150:
1133:
1103:
1100:
1084:
1082:
890:
537:
526:
509:
506:
503:
489:
483:
480:
461:
457:
450:
446:
431:
426:
422:
415:
408:
397:
388:
375:the Handover
370:
363:
326:
322:
320:
209:Hanyu Pinyin
134:7 March 1995
36:
1953:Miners 1991
1847:CACV 1/2000
1733:, 1991–1999
1727:, 1986-1991
1721:, 1981–1986
1715:, 1973–1981
1572:Arts groups
1172:Turnout in
557:unofficials
549:unofficials
522:Reform Club
472:New Kowloon
470:(excluding
425:(Cap. 101,
347:New Kowloon
345:(including
250:si zing guk
215:Shìzhèng Jú
93:Established
2941:Categories
2886:Plebiscite
2557:1932 (Nov)
2552:1932 (May)
2138:27 January
1755:References
1625:See also:
1621:Sanitation
1246:1,124,292
1227:1,045,073
1165:Number of
1160:Number of
905:Number of
900:Number of
563:Elected by
547:Appointed
538:Ex officio
484:After the
398:After the
371:ex-officio
2840:elections
2301:elections
2247:elections
1784:Citations
1774:ex-offcio
1760:Footnotes
1498:cremation
1447:32 seats
1417:15 seats
1392:12 seats
1315:18.2-20%
1285:in UrbCo
462:In 1986,
434:City Hall
155:City Hall
109:Elections
101:Disbanded
2185:Archived
2103:Lau 2002
1796:Lau 2002
1738:See also
1685:and the
1375:8 seats
1358:4 seats
1312:2 seats
1249:214,544
1230:105,826
1211:218,573
1208:944,844
1192:127,206
1189:708,119
555:Elected
514:Elsie Tu
411:May 1952
409:Only in
357:was the
329:) was a
244:Jyutping
2150:Sources
1540:Museums
1517:Kowloon
1267:Period
1066:34,381
1053:12,426
1050:31,481
1034:37,174
1021:10,903
1018:34,078
1002:31,284
989:10,047
986:37,788
970:34,392
957:10,189
954:26,275
938:29,529
541:members
520:of the
385:History
343:Kowloon
341:and in
179:Chinese
88:History
2164:
1874:, 1970
1824:, 1970
1636:Demise
1560:. The
1434:37.5%
1378:36.4%
1361:27.7%
1344:15.4%
1329:15.4%
1069:6,195
1037:7,308
1005:8,675
973:8,175
941:6,492
925:3,368
922:9,074
1255:10.8
1252:20.9
1233:14.2
1217:12.5
1214:23.1
1195:22.4
1157:Year
1123:; and
1072:18.0
1056:39.5
1040:19.7
1024:32.0
1008:24.4
992:26.6
976:23.8
960:38.8
944:22.0
928:35.0
897:Year
573:Total
327:UrbCo
2893:1896
2877:2027
2872:2022
2867:2017
2862:2012
2857:2008
2852:2002
2847:1997
2828:2027
2823:2023
2818:2019
2813:2015
2808:2011
2803:2007
2798:2003
2780:2027
2775:2023
2770:2019
2765:2015
2760:2011
2755:2007
2750:2003
2745:1999
2740:1994
2735:1991
2730:1988
2725:1985
2720:1982
2702:1995
2697:1991
2692:1989
2687:1986
2682:1983
2677:1981
2672:1979
2667:1977
2662:1975
2657:1973
2652:1971
2647:1969
2642:1967
2637:1965
2632:1963
2627:1961
2622:1959
2617:1957
2612:1956
2607:1955
2602:1954
2597:1953
2592:1952
2587:1940
2582:1939
2577:1937
2572:1936
2567:1935
2562:1933
2547:1930
2542:1929
2537:1927
2532:1926
2527:1924
2522:1923
2517:1922
2512:1920
2507:1919
2502:1917
2497:1916
2492:1915
2487:1914
2482:1912
2477:1909
2472:1906
2467:1903
2462:1901
2457:1899
2452:1894
2447:1891
2442:1888
2426:2025
2421:2021
2416:2016
2411:2012
2406:2008
2401:2004
2396:2000
2391:1998
2386:1996
2381:1995
2376:1991
2371:1988
2366:1985
2348:2026
2343:2021
2338:2016
2333:2011
2328:2006
2323:2005
2318:2002
2313:2000
2308:1998
2289:2027
2284:2022
2279:2017
2274:2012
2269:2007
2264:2005
2259:2002
2254:1996
2162:ISBN
2140:2015
2119:HKFP
1662:ADPL
1600:The
1592:The
1585:The
1566:IMAX
1544:The
1515:and
1450:78%
1440:1995
1430:1991
1426:1989
1420:50%
1405:1986
1401:1983
1395:50%
1388:1981
1384:1973
1371:1971
1367:1956
1354:1955
1350:1953
1335:1952
1325:1940
1321:1936
1295:1936
1291:1888
1242:1991
1236:6.4
1223:1989
1204:1986
1198:7.8
1185:1983
1083:The
1062:1981
1046:1979
1030:1977
1014:1975
998:1973
982:1971
966:1969
950:1967
934:1965
918:1952
869:1995
847:1989
825:1983
803:1973
781:1965
759:1956
737:1954
716:1953
694:1952
672:1946
650:1936
627:1903
604:1901
581:1888
516:and
321:The
310:The
74:Type
69:Type
1670:DAB
1556:in
1302:and
885:41
879:32
863:40
860:10
857:15
854:15
841:30
835:15
832:15
819:24
813:12
810:12
797:26
791:10
788:10
775:22
753:16
732:15
710:13
688:11
667:13
644:10
621:11
598:10
440:in
337:on
185:市政局
49:市政局
2943::
2117:,
2050:^
1693:.
1617:.
1523:.
1112::
882:9
876:-
873:-
851:-
838:-
829:-
816:-
807:-
794:-
785:6
772:-
769:8
766:8
763:6
750:-
747:4
744:6
741:6
729:-
726:4
723:6
720:5
707:-
704:2
701:6
698:5
685:-
682:-
679:6
676:5
664:-
661:2
658:6
655:5
641:-
638:2
635:4
632:4
618:-
615:2
612:4
609:5
595:-
592:2
589:4
586:4
524:.
496:.
381:.
361:.
2222:e
2215:t
2208:v
2170:.
2142:.
2029:.
1428:-
1403:-
1386:-
1369:-
1352:-
1323:-
1293:-
1130:.
417:(
325:(
282:.
34:.
20:)
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