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1897:('As the Vendôme column is a monument devoid of any artistic value, whose expression tends to perpetuate the ideas of war and conquest from the imperial dynasty, but that reject the sentiment of a republican nation, citizen Courbet declares that the government of National Defense should allow him to dismantle this column.)
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je me campronnai avec une conviction sérieuse à la valeur métaphysique de l'art, lequel ne saurait exister à cause des pauvres gens, mais doit accomplir des missions plus hautes. Mais, en dépit de mon extrême douleur, je n'étais pas en état de jeter la moindre pierre à ces profanateurs qui, pour moi,
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Attendu que la colonne Vendôme est un monument dénué de toute valeur artistique, tendant à perpétuer par son expression les idées de guerre et de conquête qui étaient dans la dynastie impériale, mais que réprouve le sentiment d'une nation républicaine, émet le vœu que le gouvernement de la Défense
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himself meditated about the "fight against culture", wondering what could justify culture if it were to be destroyed in such a "senseless" manner (the arguments are: culture is justified by works of art and scientific achievements; exploitation is necessary to those achievements, leading to the
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the behaviour. Vandalism by one person can lead to imitation. Teenage boys and men in their 20s are most likely to vandalize, but older adults and females are also known to sometimes vandalize, with young children occasionally vandalizing, but in a much smaller form, such as making small crayon
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Hence, painter
Courbet justified the dismantlement of the Vendôme column on political grounds, downgrading its artistic value. Vandalism poses the problem of the value of art compared to life's hardships: Courbet thought that the political values transmitted by this work of art neutralized its
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material. Although the nature of this material is temporary, its effect can be long-lasting as it may reflect both negatively and positively on the candidate whose material is being vandalized as well as on the presumed candidate whose supporters are engaging in the vandalism.
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in some inner cities has almost made it acceptable to the societies based there, so much so that it may go unnoticed, or not be removed, possibly because it may be a fruitless endeavour, to be graffitied on once again. Greed can motivate vandalism as can
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Defacing could also be one of the techniques that many graphic designers use, by applying their own hand writing on a graphic itself. Sometimes the use of this technique might be mistaken as vandalism to the original work, as exemplified by the work of
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1985:, where the designer wrote the title, volume number, and date with her own hand writing on the pre-print blank CD. Creative vandalism of this sort is not limited to writing and sketching. For example, the spraying on the KPIST album Golden coat for
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involves adding questionable content, removing content, or changing content in order to make it questionable, generally with the objective of harming
Knowledge's reputation. Forms of online vandalism have been recorded, the most common of which is
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and similar youth-oriented venues are decorated with commissioned graffiti-style artwork, and in many others patrons are welcome to leave their own. There is still, however, a fine line between vandalism as an artform, as a
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creation of exploited people who then fight against culture. In this case, culture cannot be legitimised by art achievements, and
Nietzsche writes: "I {also} know what it means: fighting against culture". After quoting him,
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as means of protest, e.g. by smashing the windows of banks, shops and government institutions and setting fire to cars. This often takes place during riots but can also happen as a stand-alone event, e.g. by
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Defacement is a type of vandalism that involves damaging the appearance or surface of something. The object of damage may be architecture, books, paintings, sculpture, or other forms of art.
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artistic value. His project was not followed; however, on 12 April 1871, the
Commune voted to dismantle the imperial symbol, and the column was taken down on 8 May. After the assault on the
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1533:– Teenagers spend more time away from home with peers, and whether they act constructively or destructively can depend on the contacts they make. Disobeying authority can appear
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Malicious vandalism (damage caused by a violent outpouring of diffuse frustration and rage that often occurs in public settings). Cohen's original typology was improved upon by
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as destruction of monuments symbolizing "war and conquest". Therefore, it is often done as an expression of contempt, creativity, or both. Courbet's attempt, during the 1871
2108:"En sorte qu'il nous faut être bien loin de vouloir, du haut de notre sentiment de nous-mêmes, imputer le crime d'un combat contre la culture exclusivement à ces malheureux.
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drawings on walls. Criminological research into vandalism has found that it serves many purposes for those who engage in it and stems from a variety of motives. Sociologist
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Sutton, Mike (1987) Differential Rates of
Vandalism in a New Town: Towards A Theory of Relative Place. Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, October
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Tactical vandalism (to advance some end other than acquiring money or property – such as breaking a window to be arrested and get a bed for the night in a police cell).
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and
Vandals were blamed for its destruction. The Vandals may not have been any more destructive than other invaders of ancient times, but they did inspire English poet
1399:(scratching) paint, ransacking a property, flooding a house by clogging a sink and leaving the water running, and pulling up plants from the roots without permission.
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for vandalism can be particularly severe in some countries. In
Singapore, for example, a person who attempts to cause or commits an act of vandalism may be liable to
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spray, which may be considered an act of vandalism, but the customer may also appreciate the unicity of each cover that had been sprayed gold in different ways.
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Marking or removing the part of an object (especially images, be they on the page, in illustrative art or as a sculpture) designed to hold the viewers' attention
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activists destroying property owned by farmers, hunters, biotech companies, and research facilities and setting free animals (which is sometimes referred to as
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1344:: it is thought by some to be artistic in nature even though carried out illegally or without the property owner's permission. Examples include at least some
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1960:'s claim is that official vandalism is far worse than that perpetrated by individuals, and that he is decorating buildings of no architectural merit.
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Cybervandalism could be said to be a form of creativity and artistry. An example of this was when the
Cheltenham paint festival was cancelled due to
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1499:. Vandalism enables powerless people to attack those above them, take control and frighten others. Unpunished vandalism can provide relief which
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Actions of this kind can be ascribed to anger or envy, or to spontaneous, opportunistic behaviour, possibly for peer acceptance or bravado in
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cracked down on "quality of life crimes", including graffiti. NY Parks
Commissioner Henry J. Stern described graffiti as "a metaphor for
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In elections, opposing candidates' supporters may engage in "political vandalism"—the act of defacing opponents' political posters,
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glorified the art of vandalism in his essay "The Faith of
Graffiti", which likened tagging in New York City to the work of
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himself would meditate after the Commune on the "fight against culture", taking as example the intentional burning of the
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Though vandalism in itself is illegal, it is often also an integral part of modern popular culture. French painter
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Altering the content of web sites and publicly editable repositories to include nonsensical or whimsical references
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1224:(1694). However, the Vandals did intentionally damage statues, which may be why their name is associated with the
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on 23 May 1871. "The criminal fight against culture is only the reverse side of a criminal culture" wrote
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cultures, or disgruntlement with the target (victim) person or society. Another common motive is to seek
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In a proposal to the International Conference for Unification of Criminal Law held in Madrid in 1933,
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Private citizens commit vandalism when they willfully damage or deface the property of others or the
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Ideological vandalism (carried out to further an explicit ideological cause or deliver a message).
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n'étaient que les suppôts de la culpabilité universelle, sur laquelle il y a beaucoup à méditer!"
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whose research led him to add a seventh sub-type of vandalism – Peer Status Motivated Vandalism.
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Two billboards with the same original content, the billboard on the right being an example of
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directed towards any property without permission of the owner. The term finds its roots in an
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paint, jailing taggers and requiring hardware stores to keep spray paint under lock and key.
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writes: "The criminal fight against culture is only the reverse side of a criminal culture".
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2117:"Le combat criminel contre la culture n'est lui-même que l'envers d'une culture criminelle"
2106:, first Chapter: What is the value of culture if those who are exploited by it destroy it?
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As destruction of monument, vandalism can only have sense in a culture respecting history,
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is the action involving deliberate destruction of or damage to public or private property.
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Ballatore, A. (2014), "Defacing the map: Cartographic vandalism in the digital commons",
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Jesus in an Age of Enlightenment: Radical Gospels from Thomas Hobbes to Thomas Jefferson
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Odling-Smee Anne (2002) the new handmade graphics: Beyond digital design. RotoVision SA
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This article is about vandalism in general. For the Knowledge policy on vandalism, see
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Till Goths, and Vandals, a rude Northern race, Did all the matchless Monuments deface
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was probably one of the first artistic acts of vandalism, celebrated at least since
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2161:. Christianities in the Trans-Atlantic World. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 76.
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More serious forms of vandalism that may take place during public unrest such as
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Progression of vandalism as seen in a men's employee bathroom at a grocery store
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Examples of vandalism include salting lawns, cutting trees without permission,
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Ley, D. & Cybriwsky, R. (1974), "Urban Graffiti as Territorial Markers",
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are commonplace on clothing, and are an influence on many of the corporate
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authoritarian Empire, was one of the most celebrated events of vandalism.
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CD cover. A unique use of the defacement technique is the CD cover for
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1826:. The Vendôme column was considered a symbol of the recently deposed
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Nietzsche quoted by Klossowski pp. 29–30 French edition, who adds:
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2355:"Mayor Announces New Assault on Graffiti, Citing Its Toll on City"
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Je sais ce que cela veut dire: le combat contre la culture. (...)
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were a uniquely destructive people as they sacked Rome in 455 AD.
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2134:"Akte der Barbarei und des Vandalismus als delicta juris gentium"
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envisaged the creation of two new international crimes (delicta
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nationale veuille bien l'autoriser à déboulonner cette colonne.
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1925:. New York Authorities responded by coating subway walls with
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Virtually Criminal: Crime, Deviance, and Regulation Online.
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has been called "cartographic vandalism". Certain kinds of
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Cybervandalism is vandalism on the internet. For example,
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culture, where they might be used as territorial markers.
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Vandalism on a street sign, making it read "i Swim in Poo"
2319:"Center for Problem-Oriented Policing | Biographies"
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Deliberate damage or defacement of an object or structure
2402:"Cheltenham Paint Festival goes virtual during lockdown"
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Play vandalism (damage resulting from children's games).
1240:, to describe the destruction of artwork following the
1612:'" adding that "New York City will not be like that".
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Historically, vandalism has been justified by painter
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for up to three years and may also be punished with
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by opponents). Vandalism is also a common tactic of
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2293:"The Psychological View of Why Children Vandalize"
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1754:led to the defacement of many religious artworks.
1375:can involve the willful destruction of public and
2619:Annals of the Association of American Geographers
1744:Damaging or chiselling off sculpted coats of arms
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1527:Acquisitive vandalism (looting and petty theft).
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1508:describes seven different types of vandalism:
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2603:, London: Architectural Press, pp. 23–53
1430:In addition, activists may use the tactic of
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2242:. No. 440. 1 March 2011. Archived from
2236:"Is it OK for protesters to damage property"
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1738:Splashing paint over a painting in a gallery
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2601:Property destruction: Motives and meanings
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1395:, placing glue into locks, tire slashing,
1348:art, billboard "liberation", and possibly
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1600:In the 1990s, former New York City mayor
1589:. Vandalism in the UK is construed as an
82:Learn how and when to remove this message
1885:. Gustave Courbet's declaration stated:
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45:This article includes a list of general
2353:Hicks, Jonathan P. (17 November 1994).
1672:without financial intent also count.
1352:. Criminal vandalism takes many forms.
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1491:, wish to draw attention to problems,
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2433:. Library of Congress. p. 1430.
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2258:"Psychological Analysis of Vandalism"
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1573:—vandalizing with a political message
1482:. The large-scale prevalence of gang
2663:, Abington, UK: Taylor & Francis
2520:from the original on 21 October 2022
2430:Library of Congress subject headings
1869:could make such a claim, as well as
1741:Smashing the nose of a sculpted bust
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2138:Anwaltsblatt Internationales (Wien)
1546:Vindictive vandalism (for revenge).
1519:; ideological vandalism during the
362:Radium and radon in the environment
13:
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2631:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1974.tb00998.x
2599:Cohen, S. (1973), Ward, C. (ed.),
2408:from the original on 21 April 2021
2299:from the original on 19 March 2015
2086:Merrills and Miles 2010, pp. 9–10.
1710:Defaced coat of arms (probably of
51:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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2463:from the original on 3 March 2016
2437:from the original on 7 March 2023
2373:from the original on 9 March 2021
2264:from the original on 4 March 2016
1963:
1772:A sticker reading "The HELL with
1735:Scoring a book cover with a blade
1691:People defacing the walls of the
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3346:Perverting the course of justice
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2771:. Not all types are listed here.
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2637:Merrills, A.; Miles, R. (2010),
2457:"La Colonne Vendôme déboulonnée"
2104:Nietzsche and the Vicious Circle
1728:Examples of defacement include:
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1336:. Some vandalism may qualify as
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3087:Intellectual property violation
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2321:. Popcenter.org. Archived from
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1597:(Anti-Social Behaviour Order).
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182:Atmospheric dispersion modeling
2702:The Free Dictionary: Vandalism
2585:10.1179/1743277414y.0000000085
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1810:'s attempt to disassemble the
1051:Least polluted cities by PM2.5
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2716:The dictionary definition of
2483:"Fine Art, Sí, Vandalism, No"
2240:New Internationalist Magazine
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1879:Destroy 2000 Years of Culture
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1302:Vandalized shooting stand in
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522:Electrical resistance heating
2508:D.E. Funk (7 October 2013).
2427:Library of Congress (1996).
1841:on 23 May 1871, Philosopher
1593:and may be punished with an
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232:Persistent organic pollutant
156:Air pollution from a factory
7:
2610:The Psychology of Vandalism
2198:J. Scott Armstrong (1978).
2140:(in German). Archived from
2058:"Oxford English Dictionary"
1996:
1577:In view of its incivility,
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3112:Possessing stolen property
2707:Merriam Webster: Vandalism
1834:, and dismantled as such.
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1458:, thrown into a waterway,
25:Vandalism (disambiguation)
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2516:. Medium-All things art.
1837:After the burning of the
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1489:some political ideologies
1275:after quoting Nietzsche.
777:War and environmental law
397:Health effects from noise
247:Volatile organic compound
3577:Organized crime activity
3208:(such as prohibition of
2679:. Retrieved 9 March 2016
2612:, New York: Plenum Press
2555:The Cartographic Journal
1712:Emmanuel de Rohan-Polduc
1422:, billboards, and other
402:Marine mammals and sonar
2200:"The Graffiti Solution"
2188:Ley and Cybriwsky 1974.
2062:Oxford University Press
1989:by Sweden graphic uses
1956:-born guerrilla artist
1608:perhaps best shown in '
1561:Reaction of authorities
1259:, a symbol of the past
1168:view that the Germanic
877:Freshwater salinization
797:Agricultural wastewater
66:more precise citations.
3326:Miscarriage of justice
2608:Goldstein, A. (1996),
2155:Birch, J.C.P. (2019).
2028:Library book vandalism
1899:
1894:
1803:
1781:
1722:
1703:
1657:vandalism on Knowledge
1574:
1523:
1462:
1415:
1329:
1306:
1232:was coined in 1794 by
1189:
1096:Environment portal
128:
120:
112:
23:. For other uses, see
3321:Malfeasance in office
2767:Note: Crimes vary by
2659:Williams, M. (2006),
2643:John Wiley & Sons
2008:Broken windows theory
1895:
1887:
1857:: Nietzsche spoke of
1791:vandalism portraying
1787:
1771:
1709:
1690:
1568:
1514:
1453:
1410:
1312:
1301:
1183:
837:Industrial wastewater
605:Municipal solid waste
527:Soil guideline values
126:
118:
99:
3414:Cybersex trafficking
3176:Censorship violation
2698:at Wikimedia Commons
2207:The Wharton Magazine
2144:on 25 February 2021.
1822:performances during
1789:Traffic signal light
1432:property destruction
1184:The Vandals sacking
1046:Most polluted cities
698:Overhead power lines
3206:Illegal consumption
2881:Criminal negligence
2577:2014CartJ..51..214B
2510:"Banksy the Artist"
2246:on 14 January 2021.
1950:political statement
1843:Friedrich Nietzsche
1591:environmental crime
1521:English Reformation
1515:Headless statue in
1255:, to dismantle the
1208:in 455. During the
862:Ocean acidification
772:Unexploded ordnance
693:Advertising clutter
625:Post-consumer waste
570:Foam food container
555:Biodegradable waste
212:Global distillation
21:Knowledge:Vandalism
3409:Child sexual abuse
3374:Wildlife smuggling
3364:Cruelty to animals
3153:Against the public
2985:Negligent homicide
2896:False imprisonment
2851:Against the person
2359:The New York Times
2033:Malicious mischief
1952:, and as a crime.
1883:Atari Teenage Riot
1859:monumental history
1804:
1782:
1776:" photographed in
1723:
1704:
1662:website defacement
1635:. You can help by
1610:A Clockwork Orange
1575:
1524:
1463:
1416:
1360:is common in many
1330:
1307:
1190:
1152:The term includes
1108:Ecology portal
733:Herbicidal warfare
277:Introduced species
217:Indoor air quality
187:Chlorofluorocarbon
129:
121:
113:
3549:
3548:
3532:Wikimedia Commons
3490:Inchoate offenses
3434:Indecent exposure
2926:Human trafficking
2891:Domestic violence
2694:Media related to
2652:978-1-4051-6068-1
2168:978-1-137-51276-5
2132:(November 1933).
2100:Pierre Klossowski
2013:Criminal mischief
1971:Stefan Sagmeister
1937:styles of writing
1653:
1652:
1288:Marcion of Sinope
1242:French Revolution
1144:
1143:
1079:
1078:
745:Nuclear holocaust
668:Urban heat island
482:Radioactive waste
267:Biological hazard
177:Air quality index
92:
91:
84:
3589:
3196:Ethnic cleansing
3137:Trespass to land
3032:Arms trafficking
2842:
2837:
2836:
2827:
2750:
2743:
2736:
2727:
2726:
2715:
2693:
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2595:
2570:
2546:Other references
2539:
2536:
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2527:
2525:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2485:. Archived from
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2209:. Archived from
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2195:
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2146:
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2126:
2120:
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2087:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2064:. Archived from
2054:
2038:Vandalism of art
1973:, including his
1875:poetic terrorism
1839:Tuileries Palace
1814:during the 1871
1648:
1645:
1627:
1620:
1602:Rudolph Giuliani
1424:street marketing
1412:Armand Călinescu
1377:private property
1269:Tuileries Palace
1226:vandalism of art
1136:
1129:
1122:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1094:
1093:
1025:
1024:
728:Chemical warfare
630:Waste management
590:Industrial waste
565:Electronic waste
550:Advertising mail
532:Phytoremediation
507:Land degradation
447:Depleted uranium
332:Overillumination
282:Invasive species
154:
131:
130:
87:
80:
76:
73:
67:
62:this article by
53:inline citations
40:
39:
32:
3597:
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3591:
3590:
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3587:
3586:
3582:English phrases
3572:Property crimes
3552:
3551:
3550:
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3519:
3518:
3517:
3484:
3483:
3482:
3464:Sex trafficking
3390:Sexual offenses
3384:
3383:
3382:
3356:Against animals
3351:
3350:
3349:
3300:
3299:
3298:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3067:False pretenses
3011:
3010:
3009:
2973:Preterintention
2845:
2838:
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2828:
2819:
2773:
2760:
2754:
2686:
2675:Chris Hammond.
2672:
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2409:
2404:. 12 May 2020.
2400:
2399:
2395:
2391:Ballatore 2014.
2390:
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2351:
2347:
2342:
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2328:
2326:
2325:on 21 June 2010
2317:
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2216:on 20 June 2010
2213:
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2153:
2149:
2130:Lemkin, Raphael
2127:
2123:
2097:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2071:
2069:
2068:on 31 July 2013
2056:
2055:
2051:
2046:
1999:
1966:
1935:, designs, and
1867:Performance art
1808:Gustave Courbet
1766:
1760:
1685:
1664:. Vandalism on
1649:
1643:
1640:
1633:needs expansion
1618:
1563:
1468:
1420:bumper stickers
1405:
1385:
1358:public property
1338:culture jamming
1296:
1249:Gustave Courbet
1238:bishop of Blois
1198:Germanic people
1178:
1154:property damage
1140:
1102:
1100:
1088:
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1080:
980:
972:
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872:Pharmaceuticals
852:Nonpoint source
792:
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750:Nuclear fallout
723:
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683:
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620:Packaging waste
585:Hazardous waste
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457:Nuclear fallout
452:Nuclear fission
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315:Electromagnetic
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222:Ozone depletion
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58:Please help to
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3474:Sexual slavery
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3469:Sexual assault
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3191:Hostage-taking
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2699:
2685:
2684:External links
2682:
2681:
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2668:
2666:
2665:
2656:
2651:
2634:
2625:(4): 491–505,
2614:
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2596:
2561:(3): 214–224,
2549:
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2544:
2541:
2540:
2531:
2514:www.Medium.com
2500:
2489:on 14 May 2011
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2015:
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1995:
1965:
1964:Graphic design
1962:
1908:Adolphe Thiers
1812:Vendôme column
1759:
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1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1684:
1681:
1651:
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1630:
1628:
1617:
1616:Cybervandalism
1614:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1528:
1480:happy slapping
1467:
1464:
1404:
1401:
1384:
1381:
1327:Czech Republic
1295:
1292:
1280:Raphael Lemkin
1257:Vendôme column
1234:Henri Grégoire
1177:
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3224:Miscegenation
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2861:Assassination
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2722:at Wiktionary
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2019:
2016:
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2011:
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1972:
1961:
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1924:
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1916:
1915:Norman Mailer
1911:
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1905:
1904:Paris Commune
1898:
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1876:
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1828:Second Empire
1825:
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1816:Paris Commune
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1693:Golconda Fort
1689:
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1647:
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1634:
1631:This section
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1555:
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1548:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1532:
1531:Peer pressure
1529:
1526:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1517:Ely Cathedral
1513:
1509:
1507:
1506:Stanley Cohen
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1461:
1457:
1456:Shopping cart
1452:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1441:eco-terrorism
1438:
1437:animal rights
1433:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1413:
1409:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1367:
1364:as part of a
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1319:passenger car
1316:
1311:
1305:
1300:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1284:juris gentium
1281:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1253:Paris Commune
1250:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1210:Enlightenment
1207:
1203:
1199:
1196:, an ancient
1195:
1187:
1182:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1166:Enlightenment
1163:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1137:
1132:
1130:
1125:
1123:
1118:
1117:
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951:
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933:
930:
928:
927:Water quality
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
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910:
908:
905:
903:
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729:
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717:
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709:
706:
704:
703:Traffic signs
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
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685:
682:
677:
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649:
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628:
626:
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618:
616:
613:
611:
610:Nanomaterials
608:
606:
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583:
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473:
472:Radioactivity
470:
468:
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463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
434:
431:
426:
425:
418:
417:Soundproofing
415:
413:
412:Noise control
410:
408:
407:Noise barrier
405:
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117:
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107:
103:
98:
94:
86:
83:
75:
72:November 2020
65:
61:
55:
54:
48:
43:
34:
33:
30:
26:
22:
3514:Solicitation
3449:Prostitution
3439:Masturbation
3270:Lèse-majesté
3259:Against the
3057:Embezzlement
2946:Manslaughter
2931:Intimidation
2769:jurisdiction
2766:
2718:
2670:Bibliography
2660:
2638:
2622:
2618:
2609:
2600:
2558:
2554:
2534:
2522:. Retrieved
2513:
2503:
2491:. Retrieved
2487:the original
2477:
2465:. Retrieved
2451:
2439:. Retrieved
2429:
2422:
2410:. Retrieved
2396:
2387:
2375:. Retrieved
2358:
2348:
2339:
2327:. Retrieved
2323:the original
2313:
2301:. Retrieved
2287:
2278:
2266:. Retrieved
2252:
2244:the original
2239:
2230:
2218:. Retrieved
2211:the original
2206:
2193:
2184:
2172:. Retrieved
2157:
2150:
2142:the original
2137:
2124:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2082:
2070:. Retrieved
2066:the original
2052:
1983:Jean Touitou
1967:
1931:
1923:Rauschenberg
1912:
1900:
1896:
1889:
1888:
1878:
1874:
1858:
1852:
1836:
1832:Napoleon III
1805:
1750:
1727:
1724:
1716:Santa Venera
1674:
1654:
1641:
1637:adding to it
1632:
1599:
1583:imprisonment
1576:
1571:subvertising
1469:
1429:
1417:
1396:
1389:egg throwing
1386:
1370:
1362:inner cities
1350:crop circles
1331:
1277:
1261:Napoleon III
1246:
1229:
1221:
1202:sack of Rome
1191:
1151:
1146:
1145:
1015:Point source
960:Heavy metals
922:Urban runoff
907:Sulfur water
882:Septic tanks
738:Agent Orange
707:
648:Space debris
502:Agricultural
367:Volcanic ash
227:Particulates
93:
78:
69:
50:
29:
3419:Fornication
3336:Obstruction
3316:Compounding
3141:Vandalism,
3127:Tax evasion
2876:Child abuse
2790:Misdemeanor
2639:The Vandals
2441:17 November
2329:10 December
2282:Cohen 1973.
1987:MNW Records
1863:Herostratus
1824:World War I
1606:urban decay
1554:Mike Sutton
1493:frustration
1460:Netherlands
1445:black blocs
1313:Vandalized
1228:. The term
1218:John Dryden
1204:under King
985:Area source
827:Groundwater
580:Green waste
560:Brown waste
544:Solid waste
302:Information
197:Exhaust gas
100:Vandalised
64:introducing
3556:Categories
3527:WikiSource
3509:Incitement
3504:Conspiracy
3379:Bestiality
3331:Misprision
3295:Subversion
3249:War crimes
3244:Usurpation
3171:Corruption
3052:Cybercrime
2936:Kidnapping
2916:Hate crime
2906:Harassment
2886:Defamation
2840:Law portal
2815:Corruption
2805:Indictable
2785:Infraction
2524:21 October
2493:29 October
2220:23 January
2044:References
2023:Latrinalia
2018:Iconoclasm
1945:skateparks
1855:archeology
1848:Klossowski
1762:See also:
1752:Iconoclasm
1683:Defacement
1644:April 2024
1579:punishment
1501:reinforces
1294:As a crime
1273:Klossowski
1230:Vandalisme
1220:to write,
1162:defacement
1156:, such as
1072:By country
1064:Categories
955:Pollutants
932:Wastewater
902:Stagnation
847:Monitoring
822:Freshwater
688:Air travel
575:Food waste
517:Defecation
327:Ecological
260:Biological
192:Combustion
134:Part of a
47:references
3562:Vandalism
3537:Wikiquote
3479:Voyeurism
3459:Pederasty
3444:Obscenity
3285:Secession
3280:Espionage
3239:Terrorism
3201:Smuggling
3122:Smuggling
3062:Extortion
3037:Blackmail
2950:corporate
2756:Types of
2719:vandalism
2696:Vandalism
2568:1404.3341
2367:0362-4331
1913:In 1974,
1871:Hakim Bey
1865:proved):
1697:Hyderabad
1476:attention
1454:A broken
1403:Political
1342:sniggling
1317:inside a
1265:Nietzsche
1188:in 455 AD
1176:Etymology
1147:Vandalism
1000:Garbology
917:Turbidity
867:Oil spill
817:Firewater
802:Biosolids
708:Vandalism
467:Poisoning
462:Plutonium
437:Actinides
430:Radiation
172:Acid rain
144:Pollution
3542:Wikinews
3399:Adultery
3369:Poaching
3305:Against
3290:Sedition
3234:Regicide
3186:Genocide
3161:Apostasy
3143:Mischief
3082:Gambling
3047:Burglary
3018:property
3016:Against
3000:Stabbing
2995:Stalking
2978:Homicide
2941:Menacing
2921:Homicide
2518:Archived
2467:4 August
2461:Archived
2435:Archived
2412:21 April
2406:Archived
2371:Archived
2303:29 March
2297:Archived
2268:29 March
2262:Archived
2072:25 April
1997:See also
1975:Lou Reed
1801:Colombia
1793:cannabis
1778:Michigan
1764:Graffiti
1677:COVID-19
1666:web maps
1484:graffiti
1383:Examples
1354:Graffiti
1346:graffiti
1206:Genseric
1158:graffiti
1056:Treaties
1036:Diseases
892:Shipping
857:Nutrient
807:Diseases
372:Wildfire
3499:Attempt
3341:Perjury
3307:justice
3275:Treason
3218:smoking
3214:alcohol
3181:Dueling
3166:Begging
3117:Robbery
3097:Looting
3092:Larceny
3072:Forgery
3042:Bribery
3005:Torture
2990:Robbery
2948: (
2901:Frameup
2871:Battery
2866:Assault
2800:Summary
2778:Classes
2593:1828882
2573:Bibcode
2174:20 June
1954:Bristol
1943:. Many
1780:in 1973
1670:malware
1497:boredom
1466:Motives
1393:tagging
1373:rioting
1334:commons
1325:in the
1304:Germany
1194:Vandals
1170:Vandals
950:History
832:Hypoxia
661:Thermal
615:Plastic
477:Uranium
351:Natural
296:Digital
272:Genetic
110:Hamburg
106:bicycle
60:improve
3567:Crimes
3429:Incest
3404:Bigamy
3229:Piracy
3216:, and
3102:Payola
2966:felony
2961:Murder
2956:Mayhem
2810:Hybrid
2795:Felony
2649:
2591:
2365:
2165:
1979:A.P.C.
1958:Banksy
1927:Teflon
1919:Giotto
1797:Bogotá
1758:As art
1587:caning
1397:keying
1010:Midden
1005:Legacy
990:Debris
944:Topics
897:Sludge
887:Sewage
842:Marine
681:Visual
600:Mining
595:Litter
136:series
102:facade
49:, but
3261:state
3210:drugs
3132:Theft
3077:Fraud
3027:Arson
2758:crime
2589:S2CID
2563:arXiv
2377:8 May
2214:(PDF)
2203:(PDF)
2003:Abuse
1941:logos
1881:from
1774:SHELL
1720:Malta
1714:) in
1701:India
1323:train
1321:on a
1214:Goths
1028:Lists
1020:Waste
965:Paint
790:Water
642:Space
385:Noise
357:Ozone
322:Light
3454:Rape
2677:Bank
2647:ISBN
2526:2022
2495:2008
2469:2007
2443:2012
2414:2021
2379:2018
2363:ISSN
2331:2012
2305:2015
2270:2015
2222:2012
2176:2023
2163:ISBN
2098:See
2074:2015
1991:gold
1933:Tags
1921:and
1820:Dada
1595:ASBO
1535:cool
1472:gang
1366:gang
1315:seat
1192:The
1186:Rome
1160:and
995:Dust
979:Misc
495:Soil
242:Soot
237:Smog
202:Haze
104:and
2627:doi
2581:doi
1981:by
1906:by
1877:or
1873:'s
1830:of
1795:in
1695:in
1639:.
1356:on
1340:or
721:War
165:Air
108:in
3558::
3212:,
2645:,
2641:,
2623:64
2621:,
2587:,
2579:,
2571:,
2559:51
2557:,
2512:.
2369:.
2361:.
2357:.
2295:.
2260:.
2238:.
2205:.
2136:.
2102:,
2091:^
2060:.
1799:,
1718:,
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1290:.
1236:,
138:on
3220:)
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2749:e
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2629::
2583::
2575::
2565::
2528:.
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2224:.
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1646:)
1642:(
1537:.
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70:(
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27:.
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