239:
almost entirely by texture and apparent crater density. Few superposition data directly support the inferred age sequence, but the relative youth of the smooth plains unit is indicated by its presence on the floors of craters that are superposed on intermediate plains material. The smooth plains unit probably includes materials of a wide range in age, but the exposed areas are too small to test this possibility quantitatively. Although a volcanic origin cannot be ruled out for all or part of the smooth plains material, it is more probably a mixture of ejecta from very small craters and colluvium mass wasted from crater walls.
293:, scarps apparently offset material mapped as smooth plains, but the exposures are so small that this interpretation could easily be challenged. Ridges appear to be both older and younger than medium-size craters (30–60 km in diameter) on the intermediate plains unit, but intersections of ridges with craters in this size range are too rare to constrain the time of ridge formation. Thus, ridge formation obviously occurred after emplacement of the intermediate plains unit, but how long after remains uncertain in this quadrangle.
96:
20:
2805:
2817:
226:; they generally have a relatively low albedo and are characterized by numerous elongate ridges. Like the lunar maria, the two younger mercurian plains units have been ascribed to volcanic activity, although this interpretation has been questioned. A volcanic origin seems most probable, but no compelling evidence exists in the Victoria quadrangle to support this opinion.
281:
craters ranging from moderate to very sparse. The intermediate plains material is older than the freshest large craters (100–150 km in diameter) but younger than all basins, and younger than all large craters that are more than moderately degraded. Thus, the material mapped as the intermediate plains unit overlaps in time of origin the tail end of the
197:
intercrater plains material is enigmatic; some may be primitive crust, as implied by Trask and Guest, but more likely it is of mixed origin, dominated by breccias formed by now-unrecognizable ancient craters. Some of the more plainslike areas included within this unit may well have an origin similar to that of intermediate plains material.
113:
about longitude 7° to 8°, within the eastern part of the quadrangle. A large gap in coverage between the incoming and outgoing images appears as a northeast-trending diagonal blank strip on the base map. A small part of this gap was filled in the southwestern part of the quadrangle by very poor second-encounter images.
312:
for the intercrater and intermediate plains material, curves for craters with diameters between 3 and 15 km nearly coincide (the abundant, mostly degraded small craters characteristic of intercrater plains material but not characteristic of intermediate plains material are less than 3 km in
229:
The elongate ridges, though clearly associated with intermediate plains material, are not restricted to it. Locally, ridges extend into intercrater plains material adjacent to intermediate plains material, and large young (c4 and c3) craters superposed on the intermediate plains material commonly are
205:
Within the 5° overlap area with the Kuiper quadrangle to the south, an area has been mapped that displays moderately rough to rough terrain and a high density of mostly degraded craters. This unit is very similar to intercrater plains material, and cannot be distinguished from it anywhere else in the
116:
No images provide a vertical view; in fact, the smallest angle between the planetary surface normal and the camera axis is about 50°. The high obliquity of the images, the wide range in sun-elevation angles, and the complete transection of the quadrangle by the gap in coverage greatly hamper geologic
276:
The oldest material and features in the
Victoria quadrangle are the intercrater plains material and areally associated, severely degraded basins. No craters are clearly older than intercrater plains material, and the relative ages of the cl basins are ambiguous. Numerous large craters are superposed
251:
in origin because they extend into adjacent exposures of intercrater plains material and, more significantly, because they transect ejecta, rims, and floors of craters. The ridges range in length from about 50 km to many hundreds of kilometers, are sinuous to lobate in plan, and generally trend
187:
materials related to the numerous craters and basins larger than about 20 km in diameter are mapped. The simplicity of the stratigraphic scheme is at least in part due to deficiencies in the data base; the history of plains formation almost certainly is more complex than our threefold division
688:
Prepared for the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration by U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey. Published in hardcopy as USGS Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I–1409, as part of the Atlas of Mercury, 1:5,000,000 Geologic Series. Hardcopy is available for sale from
280:
The available evidence suggests a relatively long history of plains formation. Some of the material included in the intercrater plains unit appears to have been plainslike before the intense cratering characteristic of the unit. In addition, the younger plains units exhibit densities of superposed
238:
Partly filling most craters is plains material that is smoother and less densely cratered than intermediate plains material. Because most areas underlain by this unit are enclosed within craters, contacts between smooth plains and older plains units are rare. Smooth plains material thus is defined
196:
About half of the intercrater area consists of material characterized by a very high density of small, mostly degraded craters, and an irregular to rough surface. Superposition relations suggest that this unit is about the same age as, or older than, all mappable craters and basins. The origin of
112:
that were used for mapping were obtained during the first encounter: those covering the southeast half of the quadrangle are incoming close-encounter images, and those covering the north-west corner are outgoing close-encounter images. At the time the pictures were obtained, the terminator was at
321:
A serious sampling problem exists for counting craters on the intermediate plains unit, because those in the diameter range of 50 to 150 km commonly occur in clusters, and it is very difficult to determine which craters of a cluster are younger than the surrounding plains unit and which are
288:
The stresses responsible for the elongate ridges and scarps must have occurred after the end of the primordial bombardment and after emplacement of the intermediate plains unit. Where smooth plains material abuts ridges and scarps, the evidence is mostly ambiguous because we cannot tell if ridge
52:
Most of the
Victoria quadrangle lies within an area that appears bright on telescopic images of the planet, the bright-albedo feature Aurora, which approximately coincides with the east half of the quadrangle. As is common with most of the imaged portions of Mercury, the Victoria quadrangle is
316:
craters of all sizes on the smooth plains unit are much less abundant than on the other units, although the smooth-plains plot is unreliable in detail because of the small total number of craters counted and the need to combine counts from isolated
182:
Three widespread units are recognized within the
Victoria quadrangle. These are, from oldest to youngest, intercrater plains material, intermediate plains material, and smooth plains material. In addition, central peak, floor, rim, and
296:
Smooth plains material is apparently younger than all large craters, and hence is the youngest material in the quadrangle with the exception of the local material related to some very small craters (<20 km in diameter).
267:
of
Mercury. However, most trend approximately north-south and thus do not fit the pattern expected in the midlatitude belt, unless stresses from overall contraction were superposed on the stresses due to despinning.
256:. Commonly, an individual ridge changes along trend from symmetric ridge to asymmetric ridge to rounded scarp. Strom and others interpreted most of these features to be surface expressions of
395:
Hapke, B. W., Danielson, G. E., Jr., Klaasen, K. P., and Wilson, Lionel; Danielson, G. Edward; Klaasen, Kenneth; Wilson, Lionel (1975). "Photometric observations of
Mercury from Mariner 10".
188:
indicates, but we were not able to define consistent criteria of albedo, texture, and cratering for more than three plains units because of the highly variable quality of available pictures.
289:
formation involved smooth plains material or if the ridges are upwarped intermediate plains material with smooth plains material ponded against them. On the floors of some craters, such as
222:
Smooth to moderately irregular plains occupy most of the area between large craters not underlain by intercrater plains material. These plains superficially resemble the plains of the
117:
mapping. Only in about 15 percent of the quadrangle, near the southeast corner, do data permit separation of units with the confidence possible in other quadrangles on
Mercury.
134:
spacecraft mapped all of
Mercury's quadrangles at much greater detail than that of Mariner 10, filling the large photographic gap discussed above. Prominent features such as
305:
Because of the varied and generally poor quality of the imagery, detailed cratering history cannot be inferred from these plots. However, three observations seem valid:
282:
580:
Neukum, Gerhard; Konig, Beate; Fechtig, H.; Storzer, D. (1975). "Cratering in the Earth-Moon system: Consequences for age determination by crater counting".
714:
2847:
430:
277:
on intercrater plains material; by analogy with lunar and martian history these craters most likely date from more than about 4 b.y. ago.
252:
about north-south. Most are asymmetric, with one slope steeper than the other, and at places they can be more logically referred to as rounded
954:
707:
2683:
1007:
348:
263:
Because of their globally systematic orientations, these ridges and scarps have been associated with stresses developed by
997:
700:
680:
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792:
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1012:
974:
868:
830:
756:
260:, and we can find no evidence within the Victoria quadrangle not already considered in their discussion.
2109:
309:
the density of large craters is distinctly higher for intercrater than for intermediate plains material;
2114:
1909:
1356:
880:
854:
806:
2159:
2808:
1374:
940:
1469:
630:
Hartmann, W. K. (1973). "Martian cratering, 4, Mariner 9 initial analysis of cratering chronology".
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737:
689:
U.S. Geological Survey, Information
Services, Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225
139:
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65:
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1081:
1061:
863:
825:
751:
447:
Strom, R. G.; Trask, N. J.; Guest, J. E. (1975). "Tectonism and volcanism on
Mercury".
143:
73:
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Trask, N. J.; Guest, J. E. (1975). "Preliminary geologic terrain map of Mercury".
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Trask, N. J.; Strom, R. G. (1976). "Additional evidence of mercurian volcanism".
171:
247:
The ridges associated with the intermediate plains unit are best interpreted as
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108:
206:
Victoria quadrangle. Most of the cratered plains material is probably
41:
from 0 to 90° longitude and 20 to 70 ° latitude. It is designated the
2789:
2747:
2723:
130:
25:
2675:
248:
207:
339:
Davies, M. E.; Dwornik, S. E.; Gault, D. E.; Strom, R. G. (1978).
343:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. pp. 1–128.
211:
184:
536:
Melosh, H. J. (1977). "Global tectonics of a despun planet".
394:
932:
681:"Geologic Map Of The Victoria (H-2) Quadrangle Of Mercury"
509:
Wilhelms, D. E. (1976). "Mercurian volcanism questioned".
61:, with plains materials occupying the areas between them.
338:
678:
595:Hartmann, W. K. (1966). "Early lunar cratering".
68:is north of Victoria quadrangle. To the west is
2834:
210:in origin, but some of it may consist of impact
446:
217:
191:
948:
708:
429:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
45:, and is also known as Aurora after a large
502:
442:
440:
363:
361:
200:
955:
941:
722:
715:
701:
679:McGill, George E.; Elbert A. King (1983).
473:
367:
2848:Surface features of Mercury by quadrangle
659:
582:Lunar Science Conference, 6th Proceedings
233:
629:
594:
508:
467:
437:
358:
150:craters that were only poorly imaged by
94:
18:
300:
174:craters were shown for the first time.
2835:
535:
102:photomosaic of the Victoria quadrangle
936:
897:
885:
873:
861:
835:
823:
811:
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773:
761:
749:
696:
23:Victoria quadrangle as mapped by the
106:Almost all the pictures acquired by
87:
271:
120:
13:
14:
2859:
2815:
2804:
2803:
632:Journal of Geophysical Research
623:
588:
449:Journal of Geophysical Research
397:Journal of Geophysical Research
370:Journal of Geophysical Research
177:
573:
564:
529:
388:
332:
154:were shown in great detail by
1:
1347:Skinakas (hypothetical basin)
353:. Special Publication SP-423.
325:
230:transected by these ridges .
2636:Hypothetical moon of Mercury
617:10.1016/0019-1035(66)90054-6
558:10.1016/0019-1035(77)90035-5
523:10.1016/0019-1035(76)90128-7
496:10.1016/0019-1035(76)90129-9
242:
218:Intermediate plains material
7:
962:
570:Melosh, 1977, figs. 3 and 5
192:Intercrater plains material
10:
2864:
2684:Mercury-crossing asteroids
672:
80:, and to the southwest is
2798:
2777:
2757:
2740:
2705:
2696:
2674:
2651:
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2628:
2598:
1355:
1317:
1259:
1211:
1143:
1125:
1037:
1021:
990:
983:
970:
911:
847:
799:
735:
730:
201:Cratered plains material
2765:Colonization of Mercury
652:10.1029/JB078i020p04096
461:10.1029/jb080i017p02478
417:10.1029/JB080i017p02431
382:10.1029/jb080i017p02461
724:Quadrangles on Mercury
283:primordial bombardment
234:Smooth plains material
103:
70:Shakespeare quadrangle
30:
2110:Kuan Han-Chʻing
584:. pp. 2597–2620.
98:
72:, and to the east is
22:
16:Quadrangle on Mercury
2160:Li Chʻing-Chao
301:Crater distributions
82:Beethoven quadrangle
2843:Victoria quadrangle
2616:Inter-crater plains
644:1973JGR....78.4096H
609:1966Icar....5..406H
550:1977Icar...31..221M
488:1976Icar...28..559T
409:1975JGR....80.2431H
76:. To the south is
66:Borealis quadrangle
35:Victoria quadrangle
158:. Others such as
104:
74:Hokusai quadrangle
31:
2830:
2829:
2773:
2772:
2692:
2691:
2624:
2623:
1670:Chŏng Chʼŏl
1665:Chiang Kʻui
1304:Santa María Rupes
1173:Mearcair Planitia
1158:Borealis Planitia
1153:Apārangi Planitia
930:
929:
925:
924:
638:(20): 4096–4116.
455:(17): 2478–2507.
403:(17): 2431–2443.
376:(17): 2461–2477.
350:978-1-114-27448-8
78:Kuiper quadrangle
2855:
2819:
2807:
2806:
2703:
2702:
2649:
2648:
2170:Liang Kʻai
1375:Africanus Horton
1299:Resolution Rupes
1289:Enterprise Rupes
1269:Antoniadi Dorsum
1236:Goldstone Vallis
1231:Goldstone Catena
1203:Utaridi Planitia
1188:Stilbon Planitia
1168:Caloris Planitia
988:
987:
957:
950:
943:
934:
933:
733:
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703:
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661:2060/19730023955
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392:
386:
385:
365:
356:
354:
341:Atlas of Mercury
336:
272:Geologic history
265:tidal despinning
43:"H-2" quadrangle
2863:
2862:
2858:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2826:
2794:
2769:
2753:
2736:
2707:
2688:
2670:
2640:
2620:
2594:
2515:Sholem Aleichem
1351:
1342:Rembrandt Basin
1337:Raditladi Basin
1332:Pantheon Fossae
1319:
1313:
1284:Discovery Rupes
1274:Adventure Rupes
1261:
1255:
1246:Haystack Vallis
1241:Haystack Catena
1213:
1207:
1193:Suisei Planitia
1183:Sobkou Planitia
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998:Albedo features
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1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1323:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1309:Victoria Rupes
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1265:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1226:Arecibo Vallis
1223:
1221:Arecibo Catena
1217:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1149:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1135:Caloris Montes
1131:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1043:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1013:Magnetic field
1010:
1005:
1000:
994:
992:
985:
981:
980:
978:
977:
971:
968:
967:
960:
959:
952:
945:
937:
928:
927:
923:
922:
909:
908:
896:
884:
872:
859:
858:
846:
834:
822:
810:
797:
796:
784:
772:
760:
747:
746:
731:
728:
727:
720:
719:
712:
705:
697:
691:
690:
674:
671:
668:
667:
622:
603:(4): 406–418.
587:
572:
563:
544:(2): 221–243.
528:
517:(4): 551–558.
501:
482:(4): 559–563.
466:
436:
387:
357:
349:
330:
329:
327:
324:
319:
318:
314:
310:
302:
299:
273:
270:
244:
241:
235:
232:
219:
216:
202:
199:
193:
190:
179:
176:
125:
119:
92:
86:
47:albedo feature
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2860:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2813:
2811:
2810:
2801:
2800:
2797:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2695:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2643:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2611:Ghost craters
2609:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2065:Judah Ha-Levi
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1327:Caloris Basin
1325:
1324:
1322:
1316:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1258:
1252:
1251:Simeiz Vallis
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1210:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1178:Odin Planitia
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1163:Budh Planitia
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1126:Mountains and
1124:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
995:
993:
989:
986:
982:
976:
973:
972:
969:
965:
958:
953:
951:
946:
944:
939:
938:
935:
920:
915:
910:
906:
901:
894:
889:
882:
877:
870:
865:
860:
856:
851:
844:
839:
832:
827:
820:
815:
808:
803:
798:
794:
789:
782:
777:
770:
765:
758:
753:
748:
744:
739:
734:
729:
725:
718:
713:
711:
706:
704:
699:
698:
695:
682:
677:
676:
662:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
626:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
591:
583:
576:
567:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
532:
524:
520:
516:
512:
505:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
470:
462:
458:
454:
450:
443:
441:
432:
426:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
391:
383:
379:
375:
371:
364:
362:
352:
346:
342:
335:
331:
323:
315:
311:
308:
307:
306:
298:
294:
292:
286:
284:
278:
269:
266:
261:
259:
258:thrust faults
255:
250:
240:
231:
227:
225:
215:
213:
209:
198:
189:
186:
175:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
132:
123:
118:
114:
111:
110:
101:
97:
90:
85:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
62:
60:
56:
53:dominated by
50:
48:
44:
40:
36:
28:
27:
21:
2814:
2802:
2722:
2714:
2535:Sveinsdóttir
2440:Rachmaninoff
2265:Michelangelo
2260:Mendes Pinto
2195:Ma Chih-Yuan
1850:Gainsborough
1655:Chao Meng-Fu
1600:Brunelleschi
1430:Amru Al-Qays
1410:Al-Hamadhani
1279:Beagle Rupes
1198:Tir Planitia
1116:
1092:Michelangelo
888:Michelangelo
787:
635:
631:
625:
600:
596:
590:
581:
575:
566:
541:
537:
531:
514:
510:
504:
479:
475:
469:
452:
448:
425:cite journal
400:
396:
390:
373:
369:
340:
334:
320:
304:
295:
287:
279:
275:
262:
246:
237:
228:
221:
204:
195:
181:
178:Stratigraphy
155:
151:
129:
127:
121:
115:
107:
105:
99:
88:
63:
51:
34:
32:
24:
2731:BepiColombo
2727:(2004–2015)
2719:(1973–1975)
2698:Exploration
2565:Villa-Lobos
2545:To Ngoc Van
2510:Shakespeare
2445:Raden Saleh
2330:Mussorgskij
2010:Hovnatanian
1770:Dostoevskij
1650:Chaikovskij
1615:Callicrates
1495:Baranauskas
1465:Aristoxenes
1460:Apollodorus
1212:Canyons and
1102:Shakespeare
1039:Quadrangles
1029:Quadrangles
776:Shakespeare
224:lunar maria
2837:Categories
2716:Mariner 10
2525:Stravinsky
2425:Praxiteles
2420:Polygnotus
2300:Monteverdi
2270:Mickiewicz
2225:Mark Twain
1805:Enheduanna
1705:Cunningham
1575:Botticelli
1490:Balanchine
1450:Anguissola
1380:Ahmad Baba
1318:Basins and
1294:Hero Rupes
1260:Ridges and
1144:Plains and
1003:Atmosphere
326:References
317:exposures.
313:diameter);
152:Mariner 10
140:Stravinsky
136:Praxiteles
109:Mariner 10
100:Mariner 10
89:Mariner 10
57:and large
29:spacecraft
2790:Sub-Earth
2748:Mercury-P
2724:MESSENGER
2676:Asteroids
2645:Astronomy
2580:Xiao Zhao
2555:Velázquez
2500:Scarlatti
2465:Rembrandt
2450:Raditladi
2435:Qi Baishi
2430:Prokofiev
2180:Lovecraft
2150:Lermontov
2050:Izquierdo
1965:Hiroshige
1955:Hemingway
1940:Hawthorne
1935:Hauptmann
1845:Futabatei
1745:Derzhavin
1735:Delacroix
1685:Coleridge
1640:Cervantes
1565:Boccaccio
1535:Belinskij
1525:Beethoven
1470:Aśvaghoṣa
1400:Al-Akhtal
1395:Akutagawa
1370:Abu Nuwas
1128:volcanoes
1107:Raditladi
1072:Discovery
1052:Beethoven
984:Geography
900:Discovery
838:Beethoven
764:Raditladi
355:, fig. 11
243:Structure
156:MESSENGER
144:Derzhavin
131:MESSENGER
122:MESSENGER
26:MESSENGER
2809:Category
2758:See also
2741:Proposed
2708:and past
2653:Transits
2530:Sullivan
2505:Schubert
2400:Petrarch
2325:Murasaki
2320:Munkácsy
2250:Melville
2190:Lysippus
2145:Leopardi
2140:Larrocha
2130:Kurosawa
2125:Kunisada
2070:Kalidasa
1975:Hodgkins
1970:Hitomaro
1930:Harunobu
1865:Ghiberti
1835:Flaubert
1830:Firdousi
1820:Faulkner
1800:Eminescu
1760:Dominici
1720:De Graft
1700:Couperin
1625:Carducci
1585:Bramante
1570:Boethius
1560:Bjornson
1485:Balagtas
1415:Al-Jāhiz
1146:plateaus
1117:Victoria
1077:Eminescu
1057:Borealis
1008:Features
919:features
905:features
893:features
881:features
869:features
855:features
843:features
831:features
819:features
814:Eminescu
807:features
793:features
788:Victoria
781:features
769:features
757:features
743:features
738:Borealis
249:tectonic
212:breccias
208:volcanic
168:Larrocha
2785:Fiction
2778:Related
2750:(~2031)
2706:Current
2606:Geology
2570:Vivaldi
2550:Tolstoj
2460:Raphael
2410:Picasso
2405:Phidias
2390:Oskison
2375:Neumann
2365:Nureyev
2345:Nampeyo
2340:Nabokov
2290:Molière
2280:Mistral
2245:Matisse
2240:Matabei
2235:Martial
2210:Mansart
2200:Machaut
2185:Lu Hsun
2155:Lessing
2120:Kulthum
2100:Kipling
2090:Kertész
2055:Janáček
2040:Imhotep
2035:Ictinus
2020:Hun Kal
1990:Holberg
1985:Holbein
1980:Hokusai
1920:Han Kan
1855:Gauguin
1840:Flaiano
1815:Equiano
1810:Enwonwu
1790:Eastman
1775:Dowland
1755:Dickens
1750:Desprez
1725:Debussy
1690:Copland
1645:Cézanne
1635:Calvino
1630:Carolan
1595:Bruegel
1555:Bernini
1520:Beckett
1445:Angelou
1440:Aneirin
1405:Alencar
1390:Aksakov
1357:Craters
1214:valleys
1112:Tolstoj
1082:Hokusai
1062:Debussy
1022:Regions
991:General
975:Outline
964:Mercury
864:Debussy
826:Tolstoj
752:Hokusai
673:Sources
640:Bibcode
605:Bibcode
546:Bibcode
484:Bibcode
405:Bibcode
322:older.
164:Aksakov
59:craters
39:Mercury
2821:Portal
2540:Titian
2495:Sander
2490:Rudaki
2475:Rivera
2470:Renoir
2455:Rameau
2380:Nizami
2360:Neruda
2355:Nawahi
2310:Mozart
2285:Mofolo
2275:Milton
2215:Mansur
2205:Mahler
2115:Kuiper
2095:Khansa
2025:Hurley
2005:Horace
1960:Hesiod
1925:Handel
1890:Goethe
1880:Glinka
1875:Giotto
1870:Gibran
1860:Geddes
1795:Eitoku
1785:Dvorak
1740:Derain
1695:Copley
1680:Chu Ta
1675:Chopin
1660:Chekov
1620:Camões
1590:Brontë
1580:Brahms
1550:Berkel
1545:Benoit
1505:Bartók
1500:Balzac
1425:Amaral
1365:Abedin
1320:fossae
1097:Neruda
1087:Kuiper
1067:Derain
876:Neruda
850:Kuiper
802:Derain
597:Icarus
538:Icarus
511:Icarus
476:Icarus
347:
254:scarps
185:ejecta
172:Duccio
170:, and
146:, and
124:images
91:images
55:basins
2661:Earth
2629:Moons
2599:Other
2585:Yeats
2575:Vyasa
2560:Verdi
2520:Sinan
2485:Rodin
2480:Rizal
2370:Nervo
2350:Navoi
2335:Myron
2315:Munch
2305:Moody
2295:Monet
2230:Martí
2220:March
2175:Liszt
2165:Li Po
2135:Lange
2105:Kōshō
2085:Kenko
2080:Keats
2075:Karsh
2060:Jokai
2030:Ibsen
2000:Homer
1995:Holst
1950:Heine
1945:Haydn
1905:Grieg
1895:Gogol
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1780:Durer
1765:Donne
1730:Degas
1715:Dario
1610:Byron
1605:Burns
1540:Bello
1515:Bashō
1510:Barma
1475:Atget
1455:Anyte
1435:Andal
1420:Alver
1385:Ailey
1262:rupes
912:H-15
898:H-11
886:H-12
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862:H-14
800:H-10
684:(PDF)
291:Gluck
160:Jobim
2666:Mars
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2255:Mena
2045:Ives
2015:Hugo
1915:Hals
1900:Goya
1710:Dali
1480:Bach
1047:Bach
914:Bach
848:H-6
836:H-7
824:H-8
812:H-9
786:H-2
774:H-3
762:H-4
750:H-5
736:H-1
431:link
345:ISBN
148:Wren
128:The
64:The
33:The
2415:Poe
1825:Fet
1530:Bek
656:hdl
648:doi
613:doi
554:doi
519:doi
492:doi
457:doi
413:doi
378:doi
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