745:. Selected client environments move workloads from PCs and other devices to data center servers, creating well-managed virtual clients, with applications and client operating environments hosted on servers and storage in the data center. For users, this means they can access their desktop from any location, without being tied to a single client device. Since the resources are centralized, users moving between work locations can still access the same client environment with their applications and data. For IT administrators, this means a more centralized, efficient client environment that is easier to maintain and able to more quickly respond to the changing needs of the user and business. Another form, session virtualization, allows multiple users to connect and
406:
46:
414:
typically used: (a) binary translation and (b) hardware-assisted full virtualization. Binary translation automatically modifies the software on-the-fly to replace instructions that "pierce the virtual machine" with a different, virtual machine safe sequence of instructions. Hardware-assisted virtualization allows guest operating systems to be run in isolation with virtually no modification to the (guest) operating system.
596:– a conventional OS distribution that is not paravirtualization-aware cannot be run on top of a paravirtualizing VMM. However, even in cases where the operating system cannot be modified, components may be available that enable many of the significant performance advantages of paravirtualization. For example, the Xen Windows
173:, the first virtual machine operating system. IBM added virtual memory hardware to the System/370 series in 1972 which is not the same as Intel VT-x Rings providing a higher privilege level for Hypervisor to properly control Virtual Machines requiring full access to Supervisor and Program or User modes.
413:
Full virtualization employs techniques that pools physical computer resources into one or more instances; each running a virtual environment where any software or operating system capable of execution on the raw hardware can be run in the virtual machine. Two common full virtualization techniques are
576:
The intent of the modified interface is to reduce the portion of the guest's execution time spent performing operations which are substantially more difficult to run in a virtual environment compared to a non-virtualized environment. The paravirtualization provides specially defined 'hooks' to allow
153:
from 1972 to the present. Each CP/CMS user was provided a simulated, stand-alone computer. Each such virtual machine had the complete capabilities of the underlying machine, and (for its user) the virtual machine was indistinguishable from a private system. This simulation was comprehensive, and was
1937:
Finn explained that
Standard covers 2 CPUs in a host, and goes from one VOSE (virtual operating system environment - 1 free Std install in a VM on that host) to two, and 'now has all the features and scalability of Datacenter.' He noted there will be a small price increase, but said he thought that
671:
as of the 2.6.23 version, and provides a hypervisor-agnostic interface between the hypervisor and guest kernels. Distribution support for pv-ops guest kernels appeared starting with Ubuntu 7.04 and RedHat 9. Xen hypervisors based on any 2.6.24 or later kernel support pv-ops guests, as does VMware's
448:
In binary translation, instructions are translated to match the emulated hardware architecture. A piece of hardware imitates another while in hardware assisted virtualization, a hypervisor (a piece of software) imitates a particular piece of computer hardware or the entire computer. Furthermore, a
1040:
Ultimately, virtualization dramatically improves the efficiency and availability of resources and applications in an organization. Instead of relying on the old model of "one server, one application" that leads to underutilized resources, virtual resources are dynamically applied to meet business
778:
Moving virtualized desktops into the cloud creates hosted virtual desktops (HVDs), in which the desktop images are centrally managed and maintained by a specialist hosting firm. Benefits include scalability and the reduction of capital expenditure, which is replaced by a monthly operational cost.
705:
One form of desktop virtualization, virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI), can be thought of as a more advanced form of hardware virtualization. Rather than interacting with a host computer directly via a keyboard, mouse, and monitor, the user interacts with the host computer using another desktop
572:
which is similar, yet not identical, to the underlying hardware–software interface. Paravirtualization improves performance and efficiency, compared to full virtualization, by having the guest operating system communicate with the hypervisor. By allowing the guest operating system to indicate its
195:
The increase in compute capacity per x86 server (and in particular the substantial increase in modern networks' bandwidths) rekindled interest in data-center based computing which is based on virtualization techniques. The primary driver was the potential for server consolidation: virtualization
655:
In 2005, VMware proposed a paravirtualization interface, the
Virtual Machine Interface (VMI), as a communication mechanism between the guest operating system and the hypervisor. This interface enabled transparent paravirtualization in which a single binary version of the operating system can run
1037:(CPU). This parallelism tends to reduce overhead costs and differs from multitasking, which involves running several programs on the same OS. Using virtualization, an enterprise can better manage updates and rapid changes to the operating system and applications without disrupting the user. "
774:
Desktop virtualization simplifies software versioning and patch management, where the new image is simply updated on the server, and the desktop gets the updated version when it reboots. It also enables centralized control over what applications the user is allowed to have access to on the
667:, a number of Linux development vendors (including IBM, VMware, Xen, and Red Hat) collaborated on an alternative form of paravirtualization, initially developed by the Xen group, called "paravirt-ops". The paravirt-ops code (often shortened to pv-ops) was included in the mainline
1938:
wouldn't matter, as it 'should be virtualized anyway and the VOSE rights doubling will compensate. Windows Server
Datacenter was a minimum of two 1-CPU licenses with unlimited VOSEs. 'Now it is a simpler SKU that covers two CPUs in a host with unlimited VOSEs,' Finn said.
683:
A hardware-assisted full virtualization approach uses an unmodified guest operating system that involves many VM traps producing high CPU overheads limiting scalability and the efficiency of server consolidation. The hybrid virtualization approach overcomes this problem.
1442:
The GPLPV driver is a driver for
Microsoft Windows, which enables Windows DomU systems virtualised in Xen to access the network and block drivers of the Xen Dom0. This provides a significant performance and reliability gain over the standard devices emulated by
1292:
A virtual computer is a logical representation of a computer in software. By decoupling the physical hardware from the operating system, virtualization provides more operational flexibility and increases the utilization rate of the underlying physical
608:
hypervisor. Such applications tend to be accessible through the paravirtual machine interface environment. This ensures run-mode compatibility across multiple encryption algorithm models, allowing seamless integration within the paravirtual framework.
555:
Hardware-assisted virtualization reduces the maintenance overhead of paravirtualization as it reduces (ideally, eliminates) the changes needed in the guest operating system. It is also considerably easier to obtain better performance.
386:– The guest apps are executed in their own isolated domains, as if they are running on a separate system, but a hardware environment is not simulated. Guest programs need to be specifically modified to run in this environment.
659:
The first appearance of paravirtualization support in Linux occurred with the merge of the ppc64 port in 2002, which supported running Linux as a paravirtualized guest on IBM pSeries (RS/6000) and iSeries (AS/400) hardware.
771:, but many organizations are beginning to look at the cost benefits of eliminating "thick client" desktops that are packed with software (and require software licensing fees) and making more strategic investments.
1649:
577:
the guest(s) and host to request and acknowledge these tasks, which would otherwise be executed in the virtual domain (where execution performance is worse). A successful paravirtualized platform may allow the
581:(VMM) to be simpler (by relocating execution of critical tasks from the virtual domain to the host domain), and/or reduce the overall performance degradation of machine execution inside the virtual guest.
817:), may look like real computers from the point of view of programs running in them. A computer program running on an ordinary operating system can see all resources (connected devices, files and folders,
821:, CPU power, quantifiable hardware capabilities) of that computer. However, programs running inside a container can only see the container's contents and devices assigned to the container.
1151:
RodrĂguez-Haro, Fernando; Freitag, Felix; Navarro, Leandro; Hernánchez-sánchez, EfraĂn; FarĂas-Mendoza, Nicandro; Guerrero-Ibáñez, Juan
Antonio; González-Potes, Apolinar (2012-01-01).
480:
is a way of improving overall efficiency of hardware virtualization using help from the host processors. A full virtualization is used to emulate a complete hardware environment, or
196:
allowed a single server to cost-efficiently consolidate compute power on multiple underutilized dedicated servers. The most visible hallmark of a return to the roots of computing is
158:
manual for the hardware. It thus included such elements as an instruction set, main memory, interrupts, exceptions, and device access. The result was a single machine that could be
254:. Both create the illusion of physical hardware to achieve the goal of operating system independence from the hardware but present some trade-offs in performance and complexity.
824:
This provides many of the benefits that virtual machines have such as standardization and scalability, while using less resources as the kernel is shared between containers.
1975:
308:
architecture, hardware-assisted virtualization is known as VT-i. The first generation of x86 processors to support these extensions were released in late 2005 early 2006:
2726:
1656:
417:
Full virtualization requires that every salient feature of the hardware be reflected into one of several virtual machines – including the full instruction set,
1397:
1536:
759:, which are seen in desktop virtualization, are simple and/or cheap computers that are primarily designed to connect to the network. They may lack significant
749:
a shared but powerful computer over the network and use it simultaneously. Each is given a desktop and a personal folder in which they store their files. With
680:
Hybrid virtualization combines full virtualization techniques with paravirtualized drivers to overcome limitations with hardware-assisted full virtualization.
246:
instructions. Therefore, to compensate for these architectural limitations, designers accomplished virtualization of the x86 architecture through two methods:
200:, which is a synonym for data center based computing (or mainframe-like computing) through high bandwidth networks. It is closely connected to virtualization.
1694:
927:: an abstraction layer on top of a more concrete file system, allowing client applications to access different types of concrete file systems in a uniform way
1760:
1630:
380:– Almost complete virtualization of the actual hardware to allow software environments, including a guest operating system and its apps, to run unmodified.
2093:
2045:
1950:
1044:
Virtual machines running proprietary operating systems require licensing, regardless of the host machine's operating system. For example, installing
262:
1727:
1836:
2064:
258:
204:
2013:
729:
architectures also continue to evolve in order to take advantage of the predictability, continuity, and quality of service delivered by their
933:: the software that manages storage virtualization and combines physical storage resources into one or more flexible pools of logical storage
1860:
1306:
2747:
1695:
Baburajan, Rajani, "The Rising Cloud
Storage Market Opportunity Strengthens Vendors", infoTECH, August 24, 2011. It.tmcnet.com. 2011-08-24.
1317:
82:
are used to distinguish the software that runs on the physical machine from the software that runs on the virtual machine. The software or
1605:
362:
Software executed on these virtual machines is separated from the underlying hardware resources. For example, a computer that is running
238:
This made it difficult to implement a virtual machine monitor for this type of processor. Specific limitations included the inability to
2118:
1584:
1113:
997:
that replaces the actual wire or other physical media in a network with an abstract layer, allowing a network to be created over the
898:: giving an app the impression that it has contiguous working memory, isolating it from the underlying physical memory implementation
315:
On May 23, 2006, AMD released the Athlon 64 ("Orleans"), the Athlon 64 X2 ("Windsor") and the Athlon 64 FX ("Windsor") as the first
1922:
970:: the decoupling of the database layer, which lies between the storage and application layers within the application stack over all
652:
hardware by implementing a virtual machine that does not implement the hard-to-virtualize parts of the actual x86 instruction set.
597:
100:. Hardware-assisted virtualization facilitates building a virtual machine monitor and allows guest OSes to be run in isolation.
1063:
312:
On
November 13, 2005, Intel released two models of Pentium 4 (Model 662 and 672) as the first Intel processors to support VT-x.
1706:
1370:
2401:
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and overall hardware-resource utilization. With virtualization, several operating systems can be run in parallel on a single
788:
1892:
1455:
Armstrong, D (2011). "Performance issues in clouds: An evaluation of virtual image propagation and I/O paravirtualization".
1272:
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provide a hybrid VDI model with a range of virtualization software and delivery models to improve upon the limitations of
1058:
1786:
1405:
753:, session virtualization can be accomplished using a single PC with multiple monitors, keyboards, and mice connected.
2780:
2681:
948:
593:
2804:
2031:
1257:
Turban, E; King, D; Lee, J; Viehland, D (2008). "Chapter 19: Building E-Commerce
Applications and Infrastructure".
1196:
964:: the presentation of data as an abstract layer, independent of underlying database systems, structures and storage
465:
218:
should exhibit a behavior essentially identical to that demonstrated when running on an equivalent machine directly
648:. All these projects use or can use paravirtualization techniques to support high performance virtual machines on
301:
1068:
1003:
1626:
345:. A virtual machine implements functionality of a (physical) computer with an operating system. The software or
2799:
1866:. Enterprise Strategy Group White Paper written and published on August 20, 2011 by Mark Peters. Archived from
17:
1811:
2320:
870:
573:
intent to the hypervisor, each can cooperate to obtain better performance when running in a virtual machine.
421:
operations, interrupts, memory access, and whatever other elements are used by the software that runs on the
1427:
600:
project provides a kit of paravirtualization-aware device drivers, that are intended to be installed into a
2108:
1088:
794:
111:
852:: isolating individual apps from the underlying OS and other apps; closely associated with the concept of
548:. IBM refers to its specific form of hardware virtualization as "logical partition", or more commonly as
2146:
34:(v12n) is a series of technologies that allows dividing of physical computing resources into a series of
2643:
2125:
1118:
845:
1734:
1152:
861:: emulating the behavior of specific components in heterogeneous component-based applications such as
2545:
2375:
2326:
1103:
802:
630:
618:
266:
234:: a statistically dominant fraction of machine instructions must be executed without VMM intervention
119:
2331:
2311:
2010:
1342:
849:
730:
2467:
2736:
2676:
2628:
2623:
2420:
2072:
1867:
1034:
990:
967:
914:
768:
750:
578:
522:
457:; both are computer programs that imitate hardware, but their domain of use in language differs.
329:
61:
617:
The term "paravirtualization" was first used in the research literature in association with the
2741:
2706:
2610:
2442:
1602:
1006:: decoupling networking layers in order to accelerate the deployment and management of networks
980:
908:
858:
809:
instances. Such instances, called containers, partitions, virtual environments (VEs) or jails (
693:
57:. The control program CP provided each user with a simulated stand-alone System/360 computer.
2316:
2178:
1078:
882:
742:
664:
626:
499:
processors in 1980, with the Start
Interpretive Execution (SIE) instruction. It was added to
437:
270:
243:
185:
177:
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150:
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886:
853:
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8:
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2586:
2472:
2283:
1123:
1093:
1083:
961:
924:
699:
180:), virtualization of mainframes lost some attention in the late 1970s, when the upcoming
104:
2462:
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2278:
1098:
944:
930:
726:
638:
545:
274:
129:
The usual goal of virtualization is to centralize administrative tasks while improving
97:
1029:
A common goal of virtualization is to centralize administrative tasks while improving
2776:
2661:
2488:
2238:
2130:
1515:
1174:
1159:. The 2012 Iberoamerican Conference on Electronics Engineering and Computer Science.
1045:
828:
601:
526:
367:
725:
As organizations continue to virtualize and converge their data center environment,
257:
Full virtualization was not fully available on the x86 platform prior to 2005. Many
2686:
2560:
1464:
1164:
1025:
emulating new hardware to achieve improved reliability, security, and productivity.
994:
798:
585:
512:
485:
239:
115:
39:
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capable of hosting multiple virtual machines at the same time for multiple users.
2671:
2524:
2017:
1932:
1821:
1634:
1609:
1484:"Denali: Lightweight Virtual Machines for Distributed and Networked Applications"
1169:
940:
866:
818:
760:
734:
719:
569:
489:
481:
405:
393:
392:– Mostly full virtualization but utilizes paravirtualization drivers to increase
342:
197:
35:
1216:
2691:
2633:
2166:
895:
166:
1150:
1015:
Virtualization, in particular, full virtualization has proven beneficial for:
921:
that allows access to files from multiple hosts sharing via a computer network
827:
Containerization started gaining prominence in 2014, with the introduction of
261:
for the x86 platform came very close and claimed full virtualization (such as
2793:
2447:
2366:
2361:
1841:
1244:
1178:
984:
911:: the process of completely abstracting logical storage from physical storage
278:
189:
1683:
1560:
1468:
1307:"Understanding Full Virtualization, Paravirtualization, and Hardware Assist"
370:
operating system; Windows-based software can be run on the virtual machine.
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2720:
2437:
2406:
2351:
1073:
936:
810:
711:
668:
475:
422:
418:
181:
66:
2023:
1976:"Licensing Windows desktop operating system for use with virtual machines"
1684:
Chernicoff, David, "HP VDI Moves to Center Stage", ZDNet, August 19, 2011.
1585:"VMware Introduces Support for Cross-Platform Paravirtualization – VMware"
2666:
2519:
2268:
2228:
2161:
1217:"A Comparison of Software and Hardware Techniques for x86 Virtualization"
1108:
1030:
918:
890:
814:
756:
159:
146:
130:
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computer or a mobile device by means of a network connection, such as a
2764:
2591:
2356:
2346:
2171:
2136:
2077:
806:
645:
504:
450:
363:
351:
282:
215:
176:
With the increasing demand for high-definition computer graphics (e.g.
123:
88:
656:
either on native hardware or on a hypervisor in paravirtualized mode.
45:
2596:
2188:
1986:
1509:
1048:
into a VM guest requires its licensing requirements to be satisfied.
142:
1923:"Microsoft goes public with Windows Server 2012 versions, licensing"
998:
715:
496:
454:
346:
228:): the VMM must be in complete control of the virtualized resources
83:
1707:"Desktop Virtualization Tries to Find Its Place in the Enterprise"
492:
as the host machine) effectively executes in complete isolation.
2570:
2550:
2529:
2290:
2200:
2103:
642:
589:
305:
286:
621:
Virtual
Machine Manager. The term is also used to describe the
349:
that creates a virtual machine on the host hardware is called a
300:(working independently) created new processor extensions to the
86:
that creates a virtual machine on the host hardware is called a
2696:
2555:
2498:
2493:
2457:
2396:
2336:
2263:
2248:
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2193:
2156:
2141:
2098:
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1313:
1022:
isolating users from each other (and from the control program);
634:
366:
may host a virtual machine that looks like a computer with the
54:
1655:. Microsoft Corporation. April 2011. p. 9. Archived from
2651:
2306:
2258:
2233:
2113:
1927:
1816:
1761:"Software Containers: Used More Frequently than Most Realize"
746:
542:
538:
534:
508:
495:
Hardware-assisted virtualization was first introduced on the
433:
429:
293:
203:
The initial implementation x86 architecture did not meet the
1787:"The Benefits of Containerization and What It Means for You"
718:. In addition, the host computer in this scenario becomes a
2565:
2341:
2273:
2253:
2205:
1486:. University of Washington Technical Report. Archived from
1372:
IBM System/370 Extended Architecture Interpretive Execution
549:
141:
A form of virtualization was first demonstrated with IBM's
1428:"Installing signed GPLPV drivers in Windows Xen instances"
939:: a computer program that emulates a disk drive such as a
70:
is the machine that is used by the virtualization and the
2452:
2183:
2151:
1899:
1846:
1603:"Hybrid-Virtualization—Enhanced Virtualization for Linux"
1349:
1279:
1195:
Turban, E; King, D.; Lee, J.; Viehland, D. (2008). "19".
862:
738:
707:
649:
622:
605:
530:
518:
500:
471:
316:
297:
1627:"Hybrid Virtualization: The Next Generation of XenLinux"
103:
Desktop virtualization is the concept of separating the
165:
Hardware-assisted virtualization first appeared on the
1256:
1194:
889:(RAM) resources from networked systems into a single
793:
Operating-system-level virtualization, also known as
425:, and that is intended to run in a virtual machine.
110:
Operating-system-level virtualization, also known as
1398:"VIA Introduces New VIA Nano 3000 Series Processors"
568:
technique that presents a software interface to the
373:
Different types of hardware virtualization include:
149:
in CP/CMS in 1967–1972, and re-implemented in IBM's
1644:
1642:
304:called Intel VT-x and AMD-V, respectively. On the
428:This approach was pioneered in 1966 with the IBM
2791:
1378:(First ed.). IBM. January 1984. SA22-7095-0
1951:"Windows Server 2012 Licensing and Pricing FAQ"
1837:"Docker 101: What it is and why it's important"
1812:"What is Docker and why is it so darn popular?"
1809:
1639:
1514:. Munich: GRIN Publishing GmbH. p. 54,63.
1420:
1019:sharing a computer system among multiple users;
2065:Comparison of platform virtualization software
1861:"Enterprise Systems Group White paper, Page 5"
1343:"The Origin of the VM/370 Time-sharing System"
672:Workstation product beginning with version 6.
205:Popek and Goldberg virtualization requirements
145:research system in 1967, then distributed via
2039:
1577:
1010:
474:calls it hardware virtual machine (HVM), and
341:pools computing resources across one or more
96:. Hardware virtualization is not the same as
2748:Generic Network Virtualization Encapsulation
1810:Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (21 March 2018).
1511:Virtualization for Reliable Embedded Systems
1482:A. Whitaker; M. Shaw; S. D. Gribble (2002).
1259:Electronic Commerce A Managerial Perspective
1198:Electronic Commerce A Managerial Perspective
49:Screenshot of one virtualization environment
2053:
1534:
1298:
133:and overall hardware-resource utilization.
53:Virtualization began in the 1960s with IBM
2046:
2032:
1650:"Strategies for Embracing Consumerization"
1553:
1204:(5th ed.). Prentice-Hall. p. 27.
1114:OS virtualization and emulation on Android
805:allows the existence of multiple isolated
323:
122:allows the existence of multiple isolated
1454:
1168:
687:
1679:
1677:
1153:"A summary of virtualization techniques"
675:
404:
44:
27:Methods for dividing computing resources
515:) in 2005, 2006 and 2010 respectively.
207:to achieve "classical virtualization":
14:
2792:
1834:
1784:
1733:. Intrinsic Technology. Archived from
1507:
1340:
1304:
1064:Timeline of virtualization development
834:
584:Paravirtualization requires the guest
409:Logical diagram of full virtualization
400:
319:processors to support this technology.
188:, encompassing the commoditization of
2402:System Center Virtual Machine Manager
2027:
1920:
1674:
1587:. VMware. 16 May 2008. Archived from
789:Operating-system-level virtualization
698:Desktop virtualization separates the
559:
443:
184:fostered resource allocation through
2715:Distributed Overlay Virtual Ethernet
1758:
1208:
1190:
1188:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
983:: creation of a virtualized network
663:At the USENIX conference in 2006 in
460:
1059:AI-assisted virtualization software
782:
24:
2126:LDoms / Oracle VM Server for SPARC
1614:Proceedings of the Linux Symposium
1601:Jun Nakajima and Asit K. Mallick,
74:is the virtual machine. The words
25:
2816:
2781:List of computer system emulators
2682:Symantec Workspace Virtualization
2011:An Introduction to Virtualization
2004:
1334:
1241:New approach to virtualizing x86s
1214:
1185:
1137:
949:comparison of disc image software
1835:Butler, Brandon (10 June 2014).
1728:"HVD: the cloud's silver lining"
987:within or across network subnets
466:Hardware-assisted virtualization
1968:
1943:
1914:
1885:
1853:
1828:
1803:
1778:
1752:
1720:
1699:
1688:
1619:
1595:
1528:
1501:
1475:
1448:
1404:(Press release). Archived from
1390:
1323:from the original on 2008-05-11
1069:Network function virtualization
1041:needs without any excess fat".
1004:Network Protocol Virtualization
484:, in which an unmodified guest
478:calls it native virtualization)
1921:Foley, Mary Jo (5 July 2012).
1363:
1265:
1250:
1233:
871:service-oriented architectures
733:. For example, companies like
214:: a program running under the
13:
1:
2020:, January 2004, by Amit Singh
1893:"Virtualization in education"
1785:Gandhi, Rajeev (2019-02-06).
1273:"Virtualization in education"
1130:
604:virtual guest running on the
470:accelerated virtualization;
216:virtual machine monitor (VMM)
2513:Virtual kernel architectures
1261:. Prentice-Hall. p. 27.
1170:10.1016/j.protcy.2012.03.029
743:distributed client computing
612:
7:
1051:
702:from the physical machine.
107:from the physical machine.
42:, processes or containers.
10:
2821:
1759:Hogg, Scott (2014-05-26).
1119:Application virtualization
1011:Benefits and disadvantages
846:Application virtualization
786:
691:
327:
136:
2773:
2757:
2705:
2642:
2609:
2579:
2538:
2512:
2481:
2430:
2419:
2389:
2327:Parallels Desktop for Mac
2299:
2221:
2214:
2086:
2071:
2062:
1104:Application checkpointing
267:Parallels Desktop for Mac
2332:Parallels Server for Mac
2312:Microsoft Virtual Server
869:-based applications and
850:workspace virtualization
731:converged infrastructure
564:Paravirtualization is a
339:platform virtualization)
2805:Virtualization software
2737:Virtual security switch
2677:Remote Desktop Services
2629:Remote Desktop Services
2624:Citrix Virtual Desktops
2539:Related kernel features
1633:March 20, 2009, at the
1508:Strobl, Marius (2013).
1035:central processing unit
991:Virtual private network
968:Database virtualization
915:Distributed file system
761:hard disk storage space
751:multiseat configuration
579:virtual machine monitor
523:hardware virtualization
357:virtual machine monitor
335:Hardware virtualization
330:Hardware virtualization
324:Hardware virtualization
281:(formerly GSX Server),
156:Principles of Operation
94:virtual machine monitor
62:hardware virtualization
2742:Virtual Extensible LAN
2482:Application containers
2443:iCore Virtual Accounts
1561:"XenParavirtOps – Xen"
1305:VMware (11 Sep 2007).
981:Network virtualization
909:Storage virtualization
865:-driven applications,
859:Service virtualization
694:Desktop virtualization
688:Desktop virtualization
453:is not the same as an
436:, predecessors of the
410:
169:in 1972, for use with
50:
2800:Computing terminology
2317:Parallels Workstation
2179:VMware Infrastructure
1469:10.1093/comjnl/bxr011
1341:Creasy, R.J. (1981).
1079:Emulation (computing)
883:Memory virtualization
854:portable applications
801:feature in which the
676:Hybrid virtualization
665:Boston, Massachusetts
408:
390:Hybrid virtualization
271:Parallels Workstation
186:distributed computing
118:feature in which the
48:
1767:. Network World, Inc
1616:, Ottawa, June 2007.
1457:The Computer Journal
887:random-access memory
259:platform hypervisors
2657:Citrix Virtual Apps
2619:Citrix Virtual Apps
2473:Workload Partitions
2284:Virtual DOS machine
1565:Wiki.xenproject.org
1537:"Add ppc64 support"
1157:Procedia Technology
1124:User virtualization
1094:Consolidation ratio
1084:Computer simulation
962:Data virtualization
925:Virtual file system
835:Miscellaneous types
401:Full virtualization
378:Full virtualization
248:full virtualization
2463:Solaris Containers
2372:VMware Workstation
2279:Windows on Windows
2016:2020-10-22 at the
1608:2009-01-07 at the
1408:on 22 January 2013
1099:I/O virtualization
945:optical disk drive
931:Storage hypervisor
560:Paravirtualization
444:Binary translation
411:
384:Paravirtualization
292:In 2005 and 2006,
275:VMware Workstation
252:paravirtualization
162:among many users.
98:hardware emulation
51:
2787:
2786:
2777:List of emulators
2605:
2604:
2415:
2414:
2385:
2384:
2239:Cooperative Linux
2131:Logical partition
1873:on March 30, 2012
1740:on 2 October 2012
1662:on 15 August 2011
1591:on 13 April 2011.
1535:Anton Blanchard.
1521:978-3-656-49071-5
1247:, 20 October 2006
1046:Microsoft Windows
602:Microsoft Windows
588:to be explicitly
527:IBM Power Systems
461:Hardware assisted
368:Microsoft Windows
40:operating systems
16:(Redirected from
2812:
2453:Linux Containers
2428:
2427:
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1089:Containerization
995:network protocol
985:addressing space
799:operating system
795:containerization
783:Containerization
769:processing power
586:operating system
570:virtual machines
488:(using the same
486:operating system
343:virtual machines
302:x86 architecture
265:, Mac-on-Linux,
222:resource control
116:operating system
112:containerization
36:virtual machines
21:
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2672:Microsoft App-V
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2525:User-mode Linux
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2018:Wayback Machine
2007:
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941:hard disk drive
837:
797:, refers to an
791:
785:
720:server computer
700:logical desktop
696:
690:
678:
615:
562:
490:instruction set
482:virtual machine
463:
446:
403:
394:virtual machine
332:
326:
285:, Win4BSD, and
198:cloud computing
139:
114:, refers to an
105:logical desktop
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2692:VMware ThinApp
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2634:VMware Horizon
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2167:VMware vSphere
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2055:Virtualization
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2006:
2005:External links
2003:
2000:
1999:
1967:
1942:
1913:
1902:. October 2007
1884:
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1463:(6): 836–849.
1447:
1419:
1402:www.via.com.tw
1389:
1362:
1333:
1297:
1282:. October 2007
1264:
1249:
1232:
1215:Adams, Keith.
1207:
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896:Virtual memory
893:
885:: aggregating
879:
878:
874:
873:
856:
842:
841:
836:
833:
819:network shares
787:Main article:
784:
781:
692:Main article:
689:
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677:
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614:
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566:virtualization
561:
558:
541:, and for its
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328:Main article:
325:
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190:microcomputers
167:IBM System/370
138:
135:
32:virtualization
30:In computing,
26:
18:Virtualisation
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2580:Orchestration
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2448:Linux-VServer
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2431:OS containers
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2395:
2394:
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2367:VMware Server
2365:
2363:
2362:VMware Fusion
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2019:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2008:
1988:
1984:
1983:microsoft.com
1977:
1971:
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1924:
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1842:Network World
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1765:Network World
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1490:on 2008-01-14
1489:
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1443:Xen/Qemu/Kvm.
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279:VMware Server
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224:(also called
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154:based on the
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72:guest machine
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43:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2732:Open vSwitch
2721:Ethernet VPN
2438:FreeBSD jail
2407:Virt-manager
2352:Virtual Iron
2054:
1990:. Retrieved
1982:
1970:
1958:. Retrieved
1945:
1936:
1926:
1916:
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1210:
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1074:Digital twin
1043:
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937:Virtual disk
826:
823:
811:FreeBSD jail
792:
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757:Thin clients
755:
724:
714:or even the
712:Wireless LAN
704:
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669:Linux kernel
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503:processors (
494:
476:Virtual Iron
469:
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423:bare machine
419:input/output
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396:performance.
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67:host machine
65:
59:
52:
31:
29:
2667:InstallFree
2644:Application
2520:Rump kernel
2300:Independent
2269:SheepShaver
2229:Basilisk II
2222:Specialized
2162:VMware ESXi
2078:hypervisors
1992:22 December
1956:. Microsoft
1382:October 27,
1355:26 February
1163:: 267–272.
1109:Virtual art
1031:scalability
919:file system
891:memory pool
815:chroot jail
646:hypervisors
287:Win4Lin Pro
212:equivalence
160:multiplexed
147:open source
131:scalability
126:instances.
2794:Categories
2775:See also:
2765:BlueStacks
2592:Kubernetes
2587:Amazon ECS
2561:namespaces
2357:Virtual PC
2347:VirtualBox
2147:Proxmox VE
2137:LynxSecure
1796:2024-03-15
1771:2015-07-09
1713:2012-06-19
1709:. Dell.com
1570:2017-03-03
1546:2024-04-24
1541:kernel.org
1494:2006-12-09
1437:2013-04-10
1412:10 October
1327:2021-05-20
1225:20 January
1131:References
807:user-space
639:Wind River
546:mainframes
505:Intel VT-x
451:hypervisor
364:Arch Linux
352:hypervisor
283:VirtualBox
244:privileged
232:efficiency
124:user-space
89:hypervisor
2597:OpenShift
2468:Virtuozzo
2421:Operating
2189:XenServer
1987:Microsoft
1744:30 August
1293:hardware.
1179:2212-0173
993:(VPN): a
151:VM family
2758:See also
2750:(GENEVE)
2119:KubeVirt
2073:Hardware
2057:software
2014:Archived
1877:July 18,
1791:IBM Blog
1631:Archived
1606:Archived
1318:Archived
1052:See also
999:Internet
840:Software
767:or even
747:log into
716:Internet
525:for its
497:IBM 308X
455:emulator
440:family.
347:firmware
242:on some
84:firmware
2744:(VXLAN)
2707:Network
2611:Desktop
2571:seccomp
2551:cgroups
2530:vkernel
2321:Extreme
2291:Win4Lin
2201:XtratuM
2104:Hyper-V
1666:22 July
975:Network
903:Storage
643:XtratuM
613:History
521:offers
306:Itanium
137:History
2723:(EVPN)
2717:(DOVE)
2697:ZeroVM
2662:Dalvik
2556:chroot
2546:BrandZ
2499:lmctfy
2494:Podman
2489:Docker
2458:OpenVZ
2423:system
2397:Ganeti
2376:Player
2337:PearPC
2264:PikeOS
2249:DOSEMU
2244:DOSBox
2215:Hosted
2194:XCP-ng
2172:vCloud
2157:SIMMON
2142:PikeOS
2133:(LPAR)
2099:CP/CMS
2087:Native
1960:5 July
1906:6 July
1518:
1314:VMware
1286:6 July
1177:
917:: any
877:Memory
829:Docker
803:kernel
727:client
635:VMware
631:TRANGO
619:Denali
590:ported
513:VIA VT
289:).
226:safety
171:VM/370
120:kernel
64:, the
55:CP/CMS
2727:NVGRE
2687:Turbo
2652:Ceedo
2390:Tools
2307:bhyve
2259:86Box
2234:Bochs
2114:oVirt
2094:Adeos
1979:(PDF)
1954:(PDF)
1928:ZDNet
1896:(PDF)
1871:(PDF)
1864:(PDF)
1817:ZDNet
1738:(PDF)
1731:(PDF)
1660:(PDF)
1653:(PDF)
1612:, in
1376:(PDF)
1346:(PDF)
1321:(PDF)
1310:(PDF)
1276:(PDF)
1220:(PDF)
1202:(PDF)
947:(see
867:cloud
598:GPLPV
543:IBM Z
539:IBM i
535:Linux
509:AMD-V
434:CP-67
430:CP-40
294:Intel
263:Adeos
143:CP-40
80:guest
2566:eBPF
2342:QEMU
2274:SIMH
2254:PCem
2206:z/VM
1994:2018
1962:2012
1908:2010
1879:2013
1746:2012
1668:2011
1625:See
1516:ISBN
1414:2022
1384:2022
1357:2013
1288:2010
1227:2013
1175:ISSN
956:Data
848:and
737:and
641:and
550:LPAR
537:and
468:(or
432:and
337:(or
296:and
240:trap
78:and
76:host
2504:rkt
2184:Xen
2152:QNX
2109:KVM
1900:IBM
1847:IDG
1465:doi
1350:IBM
1280:IBM
1165:doi
943:or
863:API
813:or
765:RAM
739:IBM
708:LAN
650:x86
623:Xen
606:Xen
594:API
531:AIX
519:IBM
511:or
501:x86
472:Xen
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298:AMD
250:or
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