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from 1964 to 1985. The former employees put accusations on the firm of allowing its workers to be detained and tortured under Brazil's military rule. VW's security personnel informed the political police on eventual oppositional activities. In 1976, mass arrests occurred and some VW employees were
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badging in the United States. This would allow Paccar's dealers to offer Class 7 trucks without having to go the competition. Volkswagen's Latin
American trucks had always been built much heavier than elsewhere in the world, where this sector has mainly been the responsibility of
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379:, which is due end of 2017 after its "chief historian Manfred Grieger quit around the same time as Kopper was appointed." Grieger had recommended to donate a memorial for those whose human rights were violated. In the July 2017
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was built locally from
September 1957, but from January 1959 the 1200 cc "Fusca" also entered local production, with ever-growing local parts content. In 1959, VW started production at the plant near São Paulo.
571:
From 1971 to 1975 approximately 250 Brazil "kombi" buses were produced with
Special Editions, these buses had +8 sky windows, mouldings, timer clock. These buses are called "de luxe," the German name is "Samba."
266:, from parts imported from Germany. It produced over 20 million vehicles in Brazil having been market leader for the majority of their more-than-sixty-years in existence. Beginning in 1958, the Type 1 ("
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denied ever having known of security police activities. The
Brazilian attorney general has been investigating. The further investigations concentrated on assumed slavery work at a so-called "
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369:. In subsequent meetings before the São Paulo state commission, VW legal counsel have denied accusations and contested there was no document proving VW had violated human rights.
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The
Volkswagen assembly plant in Brazil was established after the Brazilian government prohibited the import of fully built-up vehicles in 1953. Its first president was
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In 2012, Volkswagen built 852,086 units (including CKD kits), making them the biggest producer in the country and second in sales. Volkswagen operates four plants, in
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found documents that "dozens of companies, including
Volkswagen and other foreign automakers, helped the military identify union activists", including
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In 2015, activists and former VW employees in Brazil spoke out in public, accusing the company's silence about the persecution of its workers.
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42:
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Shapiro, Helen (Winter 1991). "Determinants of Firm Entry into the
Brazilian Automobile Manufacturing Industry, 1956-1968".
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In
November 2016, VW commissioned a second expert review of the situation by historian Christopher Kopper of
3144:
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341:'s import substitution programs began taking effect as Volkswagen was compelled to open a proper factory in
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Workers have been accusing
Volkswagen do Brasil of spying on them starting in the 1970s, which was during
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who had emigrated to Brazil in 1950 after a brief stint as a prisoner of war, followed by some time in
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From 1979 until 1999, Volkswagen do Brasil created and developed
Volkswagen Caminhões Ltda, (the
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to become the biggest producer of vehicles in Brazil. Many models were designed especially for
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tortured. In 1979, Brazilian VW workers traveled to Wolfsburg to inform the CEO in person.
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629:. In December 2008, it was announced that Volkswagen Trucks and Buses was to be sold to
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270:") had a 24-year run as the number one in sales in Brazil. From 1987 until 2012, the
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After 1997 Volkswagen has been the only manufacturer to continue manufacturing
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Brazil probe of dictatorship period not satisfied by Volkswagen testimony
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Feltrin, Ariverson (1998-02-18). "Manufacturers want alcohol program".
960:
602:
139:
128:
1234:
Queiroz, Roberto (December 1986). Barden, Paul (ed.). "View: Brazil".
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From 1987 to 1995, Volkswagen do Brasil's history was affected by the
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1061:"Slave Labor Accusations Come Back to Haunt Volkswagen in Brazil"
361:
In 2014, the "truth commission" convened by Brazilian President
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653:. The Peterbilt-Volkswagen 200 was affectionately known as "
345:. Work on the factory began in mid-1957. Originally only the
1113:
Volkswagen aided Brazil dictatorship’s repression: historian
1825:
1443:
1404:
1313:
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VW worked hand in hand with Brazil's military dictatorship
550:- a Gol sedan, sold as the Volkswagen Fox in North America
1880:
1700:
1085:"Volkswagen 'allowed torture' under Brazil military rule"
215:
207:
1219:
Barden, Paul (December 1986). "Foden: A Family Affair".
996:(in German) (39). Rudolf Augstein: 134, 136. 1966-09-19.
1291:
1041:
Komplizen? - VW und die brasilianische Militärdiktatur.
625:
division), after which the operation was taken over by
1978:(Former Chairman of the Supervisory Board, former CEO)
1012:
Autos and Progress: The Brazilian search for Modernity
468:
was the first full flexible-fuel vehicle launched in
850:
3753:
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1953
2146:, car timeline, South American market, 1980–present
337:and 552 Kombis were assembled there by hand. After
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
455:
262:, established in 1953 with local assembly of the
3739:
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1697:Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Holdings (50%)
1126:spied on Lula, other Brazilian workers in 1980s
665:Volkswagen do Brasil operates four factories:
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2120:
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2002:(Former Chairman of the Board of Management)
1314:Volkswagen Brazil's Leading Enthusiasts Site
3763:Brazilian subsidiaries of foreign companies
598:. The São Carlos plant only makes engines.
391:", a Volkswagen owned cattle farm in rural
2987:
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2127:
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1328:
1296:
1207:MAN acquires Brazil based VW Truck and Bus
1168:"Untersuchung zu 'Fazenda VW' geht weiter"
1005:
1003:
1014:, New York City: Oxford UP, p. 121,
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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636:In 1986, Volkswagen entered a deal with
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16:Brazilian subsidiary of Volkswagen Group
1191:
1050:Das Erste, ARD, documentary, 24.07.2017
1000:
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556:- a Voyage/Fox station wagon derivative
3740:
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2170:
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1227:
1196:. São Paulo, Brazil: Gazeta Mercantil.
1115:Business Recorder REPORT, 25 July 2017
992:[VW-daughter: Fusca success].
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3758:Motor vehicle manufacturers of Brazil
3699:Vehicle registration plates of Brazil
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472:, capable of running on any blend of
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1238:. London, UK: FF Publishing Ltd: 37.
1223:. London, UK: FF Publishing Ltd: 45.
281:
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
1990:(Chairman of the Supervisory Board)
947:(4, The Automobile Industry): 884.
616:
13:
3659:São Paulo International Motor Show
1725:Hino and Traton Global Procurement
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510:By 1961, Volkswagen had surpassed
14:
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3356:Companhia Brasileira de Tratores
3120:Indústria de Veículos Esportivos
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2943:A marque of the Volkswagen Group
2089:
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579:vehicles after others withdrew.
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23:
3407:Fábrica Nacional de Mobilidades
2076:Volkswagen worker organizations
1619:Electronics Research Laboratory
1242:
1200:
1165:
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903:Calmon, Fernando (2013-04-02).
456:Brazilian developed Volkswagens
34:needs additional citations for
1535:Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles
1233:
1218:
1077:
1053:
990:"VW-Tochter: Erfolg mit Fusca"
627:Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles
355:Brazil's military dictatorship
1:
3003:Automotive industry in Brazil
884:
660:
333:operation. In two years 2268
2066:Volkswagen Emissions Scandal
1310:graduate student, lithic.org
7:
3768:Car manufacturers of Brazil
3587:Fábrica Nacional de Motores
1614:Volkswagen Group of America
1609:Škoda Auto Volkswagen India
941:The Business History Review
874:Volkswagen Group of America
846:
623:Volkswagen Trucks and Buses
325:. Their first plant was in
161:; 71 years ago
10:
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3427:Volkswagen Truck & Bus
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2040:Formula Volkswagen Germany
1972:(Former Managing Director)
1954:(Former Managing Director)
1660:Volkswagen of South Africa
1528:Volkswagen Truck & Bus
1304:Illustrated research paper
1141:Reuters, February 28, 2015
988:
640:to sell their trucks with
450:Volkswagen Tiguan Allspace
277:
274:was first place in sales.
256:Volkswagen do Brasil Ltda.
122:Volkswagen do Brasil Ltda.
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2136:Volkswagen Passenger Cars
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2015:
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1156:24.07.2017 Deutsche Welle
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383:interview, former VW CEO
367:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
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1128:5 September 2014 Reuters
1009:
2484:Parati / Gol Country II
1380:Capital Group Companies
1194:Gazeta Mercantil Online
828:Hans-Christian Maergner
791:
533:1500/Variant/Variant II
258:is a subsidiary arm of
3503:Brasil & Movimento
2479:Parati / Gol Country I
1644:Volkswagen Group China
1250:"Volkswagen do Brasil"
879:Volkswagen Group China
772:; 25 years ago
747:; 48 years ago
724:; 27 years ago
691:; 64 years ago
689:November 18, 1959
507:
496:
485:
319:Friedrich Schultz-Wenk
58:"Volkswagen do Brasil"
2935:Deutsche Arbeitsfront
2428:Voyage / Gol Sedan II
2071:Volkswagen Currywurst
1370:State of Lower Saxony
1111:Agence France Presse
905:Just-Auto Global News
798:Friedrich Schulz-Wenk
770:January 18, 1999
745:January 14, 1976
722:October 12, 1996
685:São Bernardo do Campo
584:São Bernardo do Campo
566:Fox/CrossFox/SpaceFox
502:
491:
466:VW Gol 1.6 Total Flex
463:
410:Volkswagen Polo Track
343:São Bernardo do Campo
179:São Bernardo do Campo
3158:Foreign subsidiaries
2954:Volkswagen do Brasil
2419:Voyage / Gol Sedan I
1982:Bernd Pischetsrieder
1719:Sinotruk (Hong Kong)
1654:Volkswagen Group Rus
1649:Volkswagen de México
1631:Volkswagen do Brasil
1626:Volkswagen Argentina
1567:MAN Energy Solutions
1518:International Motors
1209:MAN 15 December 2015
1172:Legal Tribune Online
1010:Wolfe, Joel (2010),
766:São José dos Pinhais
605:arrangement between
592:São José dos Pinhais
562:- a Gol pickup truck
435:Volkswagen Jetta GLI
377:Bielefeld University
339:Juscelino Kubitschek
43:improve this article
3055:Adventures Off Road
3024:Transport in Brazil
3014:Automotive industry
1948:(Chairman Emeritus)
1869:Discontinued brands
1593:Italdesign Giugiaro
1513:MAN Truck & Bus
1501:Commercial vehicles
869:List of German cars
669:
504:VW Polo 2 TotalFlex
495:(Known as "Kombi").
493:VW Type 2 TotalFlex
327:Ipiranga, São Paulo
233:Number of employees
123:
1988:Hans Dieter Pötsch
1046:2017-07-26 at the
668:
607:Ford Motor Company
508:
497:
486:
440:Volkswagen Saveiro
425:Volkswagen T-Cross
389:Fazenda Volkswagen
297:. You can help by
121:
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3603:MWM International
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3232:Jaguar Land Rover
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3019:Economy of Brazil
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2035:Formula Super Vee
2000:Martin Winterkorn
1970:Heinrich Nordhoff
1940:Ferdinand Porsche
1864:
1863:
1668:
1667:
1583:Electrify America
1375:Qatar Holding LLC
1021:978-0-19-517456-4
920:Missing or empty
836:(2007–2015)
830:(2004–2007)
824:(2002–2003)
818:(1997–2002)
812:(1973–1993)
806:(1969–1973)
800:(1953–1969)
789:
788:
445:Volkswagen Amarok
415:Volkswagen Virtus
329:and was a strict
315:
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264:Volkswagen Type 1
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2501:SpaceFox / Suran
2154:
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2144:Volkswagen Group
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1741:
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1692:Volkswagen Anhui
1622:
1588:Electrify Canada
1478:
1395:
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1351:Volkswagen Group
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1292:Official website
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861:Companies portal
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617:Trucks and buses
611:Volkswagen Group
420:Volkswagen Nivus
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260:Volkswagen Group
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226:Volkswagen Group
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2631:Jetta / Bora II
2509:
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2098:
2080:
2054:
2011:
1976:Ferdinand Piëch
1926:
1900:
1860:
1799:
1757:
1736:
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1680:SAIC Volkswagen
1664:
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1316:(in Portuguese)
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822:Paul S. Fleming
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577:ethanol powered
538:Karmann Ghia TC
512:Willys-Overland
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430:Volkswagen Taos
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295:needs expansion
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3652:Related topics
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2050:Scirocco R Cup
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2019:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2006:Porsche Family
2003:
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1994:Toni Schmücker
1991:
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1961:
1958:Rudolf Leiding
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1686:FAW-Volkswagen
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1398:Passenger cars
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1284:External links
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834:Thomas Schmall
831:
825:
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810:Wolfgang Sauer
807:
804:Rudolf Leiding
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404:Current models
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363:Dilma Rousseff
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99:September 2013
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3630:Iochpe-Maxion
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3476:JPX Indústria
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3337:manufacturers
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3242:Mercedes-Benz
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3035:manufacturers
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2641:Jetta / Vento
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2045:Jetta TDI Cup
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2025:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2007:
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1795:North America
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1673:Shareholdings
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248:
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240:
237:22,500 (2013)
236:
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213:
212:pickup trucks
209:
206:
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198:South America
196:
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60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3684:CESVI Brasil
3344:Agricultural
3286:
2953:
2941:
2933:
2871:Pickup truck
2441:Polo Classic
2157:
1996:(Former CEO)
1984:(Former CEO)
1966:(Former CEO)
1960:(Former CEO)
1917:Ehra-Lessien
1804:Technologies
1790:discontinued
1782:
1778:discontinued
1770:
1737:technologies
1735:Products and
1630:
1391:subsidiaries
1269:
1258:. Retrieved
1253:
1244:
1235:
1229:
1220:
1214:
1202:
1193:
1187:
1176:. Retrieved
1171:
1161:
1133:
1120:
1093:. Retrieved
1091:. 2015-09-23
1088:
1079:
1068:. Retrieved
1064:
1055:
1011:
993:
944:
940:
934:
922:|title=
913:cite journal
904:
840:David Powels
664:
655:Peter Rabbit
635:
620:
600:
581:
574:
570:
509:
374:
371:
360:
352:
316:
303:
299:adding to it
294:
255:
254:
174:Headquarters
136:Company type
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
3616:Metal parts
3486:Motorcycles
3247:Mini Brasil
3197:Effa Motors
2888:Saveiro III
2858:Caddy / Van
2838:Touareg III
2780:Passat VIII
2547:Compact car
2030:Formula Vee
2024:Rally Teams
1544:Motorcycles
1427:Lamborghini
1308:UC Berkeley
1174:(in German)
994:Der Spiegel
208:Automobiles
193:Area served
3742:Categories
3679:Latin NCAP
3674:Mercoparts
3669:Sindipeças
3458:Bernardini
3417:Mascarello
3387:BYD Brasil
3308:AutoLatina
3287:Volkswagen
3252:Mitsubishi
3217:GWM Brasil
3187:CAOA Chery
3177:BYD Brasil
3079:TAC Motors
3033:Automobile
2883:Saveiro II
2831:Touareg II
2800:Santana IF
2775:Passat VII
2664:New Beetle
2614:Santana II
2458:Polo Sedan
2016:Motorsport
1952:Ivan Hirst
1876:Auto Union
1836:Pumpe Düse
1811:BlueMotion
1636:AutoLatina
1602:Geographic
1461:Volkswagen
1410:Audi Sport
1365:Porsche SE
1260:2021-11-08
1178:2022-06-15
1095:2024-02-10
1070:2024-05-14
885:References
777:1999-01-18
759:Polo Track
752:1976-01-14
729:1996-10-12
718:São Carlos
696:1959-11-18
661:Facilities
603:AutoLatina
596:São Carlos
150:Automotive
140:Subsidiary
69:newspapers
3561:Autoparts
3478:(Defunct)
3472:(Defunct)
3466:(Defunct)
3460:(Defunct)
3412:Marcopolo
2938:(founder)
2910:Panel van
2878:Saveiro I
2826:Touareg I
2795:Passat II
2791:Santana I
2770:Passat VI
2760:Passat IV
2713:Tiguan II
1964:Kurt Lotz
1946:Carl Hahn
1942:(founder)
1922:Factories
1912:Autostadt
1748:Platforms
1656:(defunct)
1638:(defunct)
1489:(JV with
1358:Ownership
969:153363903
679:Products
673:Location
642:Peterbilt
464:The 2003
385:Carl Hahn
323:Wolfsburg
306:July 2017
247:vw.com.br
3717:Category
3664:Abipeças
3533:Pro Tork
3518:Kasinski
3498:Amazonas
3441:Military
3313:Chrysler
3095:Brasinca
3064:Chamonix
3042:Domestic
2765:Passat V
2751:Passat I
2708:Tiguan I
2581:Golf VII
2571:Golf III
2557:Brasilia
2314:City car
2094:Category
2028:Series:
1896:Wanderer
1816:Digifant
1753:Vehicles
1576:Services
1420:Mulliner
1276:, p. 129
1089:BBC News
1044:Archived
847:See also
735:Engines
646:Kenworth
523:Brasília
474:gasoline
393:Amazonia
204:Products
146:Industry
3727:Commons
3689:INMETRO
3623:Various
3575:Various
3568:Engines
3453:Avibrás
3397:Carbuss
3392:Busscar
3301:Defunct
3272:Renault
3262:Peugeot
3227:Hyundai
3192:Citroën
3145:Troller
3088:Defunct
3069:Mobilis
2949:4motion
2576:Golf IV
2566:Pointer
2540:T-Cross
2405:Polo VI
2398:Polo IV
2368:Gol III
2142:of the
2022:Teams:
2008:(owner)
1856:VAG-COM
1841:Quattro
1786:current
1783:Petrol:
1774:current
1771:Diesel:
1763:Engines
1713:Argo AI
1709:(33.3%)
1560:Engines
1434:Porsche
1415:Bentley
961:3117267
784:T-Cross
775: (
750: (
741:Taubaté
727: (
711:Saveiro
694: (
676:Opened
588:Taubaté
560:Saveiro
478:ethanol
278:History
242:Website
164: (
156:Founded
83:scholar
3596:Diesel
3582:AETHRA
3493:Agrale
3470:Gaucho
3464:Engesa
3448:Agrale
3422:Neobus
3382:Agrale
3351:Agrale
3282:Toyota
3277:Suzuki
3257:Nissan
3165:Active
3135:Obvio!
3130:Lobini
3125:Gurgel
3115:Fabral
3110:Envemo
3059:Agrale
3049:Active
2903:Amarok
2597:Apollo
2465:Virtus
2351:Gol II
2174:2020s
2171:2010s
2168:2000s
2165:1990s
2162:1980s
2140:marque
1932:People
1905:Places
1551:Ducati
1523:Scania
1508:Traton
1018:
967:
959:
842:(2015)
707:Virtus
638:Paccar
594:, and
554:Parati
548:Voyage
516:Brazil
470:Brazil
399:Models
335:Fuscas
268:Fuscas
185:Brazil
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
3548:Watts
3543:Voltz
3538:Sousa
3523:Mottu
3513:Dafra
3402:Comil
3375:Buses
3366:Stara
3361:Jacto
3318:Simca
3292:Volvo
3222:Honda
3105:Dardo
3100:Dacon
2915:Kombi
2742:Sedan
2657:Fusca
2648:Fusca
2602:Logus
2590:Sedan
2552:Hatch
2525:Nivus
2412:Sedan
2346:Gol I
2341:Hatch
2059:Other
1886:Horch
1727:(51%)
1721:(25%)
1715:(42%)
1703:(50%)
1694:(75%)
1688:(40%)
1682:(50%)
1487:Jetta
1479:with
1473:Sehol
1456:Škoda
1449:Cupra
1439:Scout
1306:by a
1274:Wolfe
1236:TRUCK
1221:TRUCK
1166:LTO.
1065:NACLA
965:S2CID
957:JSTOR
703:Nivus
347:Kombi
222:Owner
90:JSTOR
76:books
3635:Tupy
3237:Jeep
3207:Ford
3202:Fiat
3172:Audi
3074:Puma
2730:ID.4
2695:Taos
2609:Bora
2158:Type
2138:, a
1826:ETKA
1707:Here
1466:VW R
1444:SEAT
1405:Audi
1016:ISBN
926:help
792:CEOs
609:and
482:E100
476:and
216:vans
166:1953
159:1953
62:news
3528:MXF
3267:Ram
3182:BMW
3140:PAG
2848:Van
2814:SUV
2679:CUV
2511:CUV
2383:Fox
2327:up!
1891:NSU
1881:DKW
1851:TDI
1846:SDI
1831:FSI
1821:DSG
1701:IAV
1491:FAW
1481:JAC
949:doi
657:."
651:MAN
644:or
631:MAN
543:Gol
381:ARD
301:.
272:Gol
45:by
3744::
2793:/
2746:SW
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1477:JV
1252:.
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