William J. Perry - Knowledge

1694: 697: 4455: 1143:, with Perry participating, had decided in September 1995 to develop a NATO-led force to implement any peace agreement for Bosnia, setting the force size at 60,000 troops, including 20,000 from the United States. In congressional testimony in November, Perry explained why U.S. troops should go to Bosnia: The war threatened vital U.S. political, economic, and security interests in Europe; there was a real opportunity to stop the bloodshed; the United States was the only nation that could lead a NATO force to implement the peace, and the risks to the United States of allowing the war to continue were greater than the risks of the planned military operation. 1227:(IAEA). Between February and October 1994 the United States increased its pressures on North Korea. Perry warned in March that the United States would not permit the development of an arsenal of nuclear weapons. War was not imminent, he said, but he indicated that he had ordered military preparations for a possible conflict. Soon thereafter Perry stated that the United States would propose UN economic sanctions if North Korea did not allow international inspection of its planned withdrawal of spent fuel from a nuclear reactor fuel containing sufficient plutonium to produce four or five nuclear weapons. North Korea began removing the nuclear fuel from the 38: 4214: 1577: 777:

funding for new weapons and equipment for FY 1997. The proposal included advance funding for contingency military operations, which had been financed in previous years through supplemental appropriations. Modest real growth in the Defense budget would not begin until FY 2000 under DoD's six-year projections. The procurement budget would increase during the period from $ 38.9 billion (FY 1997) to $ 60.1 billion (FY 2001). For FY 1997 Congress eventually provided $ 244 billion TOA, including funds for some weapon systems not wanted by the Clinton administration.

1410:, killing 19 and wounding 500. In September 1996 an investigative panel set up by Perry recommended vigorous measures to deter, prevent, or mitigate the effects of future terrorist acts against U.S. personnel overseas, and further, that a solitary DoD element have responsibility for force protection. The panel found that the unit attacked at Dhahran had not taken every precaution it might have to protect the forces at Khobar Towers. Eventually, the Defense Department moved units from Dhahran to more remote areas in Saudi Arabia to provide better protection. 1208:. At the end of March 1995, a UN commander took over, and the United States provided 2,400 of the 6,000-man UN force that would remain in Haïti until February 1996. Given the opposition to the mission when it began, the primary U.S. concern was to do its limited job and avoid casualties among its forces. With the final withdrawal of U.S. troops, and Aristide's duly elected successor installed in office in February 1996, the Pentagon and the Clinton administration could label the Haitian operation a success up to that point. 894: 1822:

could even imagine a situation, in which I would recommend that the President make a first strike with nuclear weapons—understanding that such an action, whatever the provocation, would likely bring about the end of civilization. I believe that the legislation proposed by Congressman Lieu and Senator Markey recognizes that terrible reality. Certainly, a decision that momentous for all of civilization should have the kind of checks and balances on Executive powers called for by our Constitution."

1994: 1936: 4265: 4059: 924:, including Russia, and as a compromise between the wishes of many of the Eastern European countries to become full NATO members and Russia's determined opposition. Individual nations could join the Partnership for Peace under separate agreements with NATO, and many did so, enabling them to participate in NATO joint training and military exercises without becoming formal members of the alliance. Perry conferred several times with Russian Defense Minister 1976: 1954: 2030: 4549: 2012: 794:

simplification of purchases under $ 100,000; maximum reliance on existing commercial products; conforming military contracts, bidding, accounting, and other business procedures to commercial practices when possible; eliminating outdated regulations that delayed purchases; and announcing military purchase requirements on data interchanges normally used by private business to increase vendor competition.

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acquisition reforms; developing close relationships with many foreign defense ministers; effectively employing military strength and resources in Bosnia, Haiti, Korea, and the Persian Gulf area; dramatically reducing the nuclear legacy of the Cold War; and promoting the Partnership for Peace within NATO. His disappointments included failure to obtain Russian ratification of the

1727:, including one on March 5, 2013: "Next Steps in Reducing Nuclear Risks: The Pace of Non-Proliferation Work Today Doesn't Match the Urgency of the Threat". They subsequently created the Nuclear Security Project to galvanize global action to reduce urgent nuclear dangers and build support for their vision and the steps to achieve them. The 773:

reflected his basic assumptions that the Defense budget would not decline in FY 1997 and would grow thereafter; that DoD would realize significant savings from infrastructure cuts, most importantly base closings; and that other savings would come by contracting out many support activities and reforming the defense acquisition system.

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memoranda and report formats and replaced existing policy documents with new ones that were about 90% shorter. Perry considered these reforms one of his most important accomplishments, and saw savings generated by the new practices as part of the key to adequate funding of the military in an era of continuing tight budgets.

401:. He is the co-founder of the Palo Alto Unitarian Church and serves as director of the Preventive Defense Project. He is an expert in U.S. foreign policy, national security and arms control. In 2013 he founded the William J. Perry Project, a non-profit effort to educate the public on the current dangers of nuclear weapons. 885:. His extensive travel matched his direct style. In his travels, he emphasized personal contact with rank and file members of the armed forces. His frequent trips also reflected the demands of the large number of foreign crises that occurred during his term, including several requiring the deployment of U.S. forces. 805:

In March 1996 Perry approved a new DoD comprehensive acquisition policy that emphasized commercial practices and products. Program managers and other acquisition officials would have the power to use their professional judgment in purchasing. The plan canceled more than 30 separate acquisition policy

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the FY 1996 Defense budget bill because Congress had added $ 7 billion in overall spending, mainly for weapon systems that the Defense Department did not want, and because of restrictions on contingency operations Congress had put in the bill. Three months later he recommended that the president veto

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invited two dozen industry executives to a dinner "in the secretary's dining room next to his office". The two Secretaries urged their guests to combine into a few, larger companies because Pentagon budget cuts would endanger at least half of the contractors represented there. The event would come to

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and future presidents' authority to launch a nuclear first strike against another country by requiring them to first get approval from Congress. The following quotation is attributed to Perry in Congressman Lieu's website: "During my period as Secretary of Defense, I never confronted a situation, or

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that it was harming the military establishment, and said that he did not think the results of the 1996 congressional election would decrease the partisanship. He later explained that his decision to retire was "largely due to the constant strain of sending U.S. military personnel on life-threatening

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The first U.S. troops moved into Bosnia in early December 1995, and by late January 1996, the full complement of 20,000 had been deployed. Although Perry had said earlier that they would leave Bosnia within a year, in June 1996 he hinted at a longer stay if NATO decided the peace in Bosnia would not

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Shortly before he introduced his FY 1997 budget request in March 1996, Perry warned that the United States might have to give up the strategy of preparing for two major regional conflicts if the armed forces suffered further reductions. The Five-Year Modernization Plan Perry introduced in March 1996

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In 2013, Perry founded the William J. Perry Project to seek to promote greater public awareness about nuclear weapons and engage more people in acting to mitigate the growing threat they pose to humanity. The Project is a nonprofit venture supported with funds raised from private individuals and is

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and contributed to his resignation, persisted when Perry took office. Immediately on presenting his 1995 budget request, which he termed "a post-Cold War budget," Perry stated that Defense required a few more years of downsizing and that its infrastructure needed streamlining as well. The proposal,

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factions in northern Iraq, he demonstrated that he was not deterred by a U.S. warning against using military force. Perry made clear that while no significant U.S. interests were involved in the factional conflict, maintaining stability in the region as a whole was vital to U.S. security and there

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consistently that it would not send U.S. ground forces to Bosnia, in December 1994 the Clinton administration expressed willingness to commit troops to help rescue UN peacekeepers in Bosnia if they were withdrawn. In May 1995, after the Bosnian Serbs had taken about 3,000 peacekeepers hostage, the

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more effectively. Perry thought this might provoke Serb attacks and perhaps force the commitment of U.S. ground troops. In August 1995 Clinton vetoed legislation to lift the arms embargo. (In fact, the Bosnian Muslims had been receiving arms from outside sources.) Meanwhile, although it had stated

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is in fact the defense secretary, William Perry. ... He is popping up in public all over the place and moving into the strategy business in a big way." In fact, Perry traveled abroad in his three-year tenure more than any previous secretary. Unlike most of his predecessors, Perry paid attention to

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with the Russians. The secretary was willing to continue funding development work on a national system, so that if a need emerged the United States could build and deploy it in three years. President Clinton signed the FY 1996 Defense bill early in 1996 only after Congress agreed to delete funding

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program, but long-standing supporters both inside and outside of Congress called for its resurrection, especially when the Defense budget came up. Perry rejected calls for revival of SDI, arguing that the money would be better spent on battlefield antimissile defenses and force modernization, that

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the United States had relied on deterrence rather than prevention as the central principle of its security strategy. Perry outlined three basic tenets of a preventive strategy: keep threats from emerging; deter those that actually emerged; and if prevention and deterrence failed, defeat the threat

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held by some of the media and much of the public. At a ceremony for Perry in January 1997 General Shalikashvili noted the departing secretary's relationship with the troops. "Surely," Shalikashvili said, "Bill Perry has been the GI's secretary of defense. When asked his greatest accomplishment as

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In a major statement on Bosnia in June 1994, Perry attempted to clarify U.S. policy there, declaring that the conflict did involve U.S. national interests, humanitarian and otherwise, but not "supreme" interests. To limit the spread of violence in Bosnia, the United States had committed air power

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within a balanced federal budget. Perry argued for the current force level of just under 1.5 million as the minimum needed by the United States to maintain its global role. Further reductions in the Defense budget after 1997 would require cuts in the force structure and make it impossible for the

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if the agreement broke down. Again a critical situation had moderated, but implementing the agreement proved difficult. By the end of Perry's term, some issues remained outstanding, and tension between the two Koreas flared up from time to time. After his tenure, Clinton appointed Perry as North

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Perry devoted much time to restructuring defense acquisition policy and procedure, pursuing measures on acquisition reform begun when he was deputy secretary. Six days after he became secretary Perry released a document that laid out a variety of proposed acquisition procedure changes, including

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on ships offshore, the last U.S. forces left Somalia before the end of March, meeting a deadline set earlier by President Clinton. Later, in February 1995, more than 7,000 U.S. troops assisted in removing the remaining UN peacekeepers and weapons from Somalia in a markedly successful operation.

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For FY 1997 the Clinton administration requested a DoD appropriation of $ 242.6 billion, about 6% less in inflation-adjusted dollars than the FY 1996 budget. The budget proposal delayed modernization for another year, even though the administration earlier had said it would recommend increased

1785:. The memoir describes coming of age at the dawn of the nuclear age, and his later roles in managing the nuclear threat. He warned that: "Today, the danger of some sort of a nuclear catastrophe is greater than it was during the Cold War and most people are blissfully unaware of this danger.” 1542:

As he left the Pentagon, Perry listed what he thought were his most important accomplishments: establishing effective working relationships with U.S. military leaders; improving the lot of the military, especially enlisted men and women; managing the military drawdown; instituting important

844:, announced that Defense would go forward, as required by law, with a 1995 round of base closings. In doing so Defense would consider the economic impact on the affected communities and the capacity to manage the reuse of closed facilities, and in March 1995 Perry released DoD's 1995 1179:, the military leader, and restore Aristide to power. President Clinton said that the United States would not rule out the use of military force and also suggested that military teams to train local security and police forces might be sent to Haïti. In the meantime, large numbers of 1378:. Most important, in Perry's judgment, was the determination of the United States to maintain a strong regional defense capability with aircraft and naval ships in the area, prepositioned equipment, standing operational plans, and access agreements with the Persian Gulf partners. 687:

and expansion of the alliance, and the maintenance of military forces and weapon systems ready to fight if necessary. To carry out this strategy, Perry thought it necessary to maintain a modern, ready military force, capable of fighting two major regional wars at the same time.

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air strike on the Yongbyon facility, or a massive military buildup in preparation for full-scale war with North Korea. Under the belief that all three options would lead to war, Clinton leaned towards the military buildup option before negotiations between former US President

1462:, the United States provided humanitarian aid in the form of purified water, medicine, site sanitation, and other means. In July the Pentagon sent in aircraft and about 3,000 troops, most of them to Zaire. The U.S. forces also took control of and rebuilt the airport at 651:

experience, both in industry and government and with an understanding of the challenges that he faced. A hands-on manager, he paid attention both to internal operations in the Pentagon and to international security issues. He worked closely with his deputy secretaries

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sources (his phrase was "commercial state-of-the-art technology"), rather than from defense contractors, signaling a major departure from the traditional "milspec" over 30,000 military specifications and standards that actually inflated the cost of military items.

1802:. With regards to an accidental nuclear war, Perry has experienced a false alarm for an incoming missile which later turned out to be a computer error. Perry's experience was 40 years ago but our technology is still not perfect with the recent false alarm in 733:. The budget projected a further cut of 85,500 in active duty military personnel, leaving a force of 1.52 million. Ultimately Congress provided $ 253.9 billion TOA, about $ 2 billion more than in FY 1994, but actually a 1.2% cut in inflation-adjusted growth. 714:

he said, maintained a ready-to-fight force, redirected a modernization program (including a strong research and development program), initiated a program to do business differently (acquisition reform), and reinvested defense dollars in the economy.

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Perry's career in the Department of Defense actually spanned eight years of profound changes—four years as Undersecretary for Research and Engineering in 1977–1981, a year as Deputy Secretary from 1993 to 1994, and three years as Secretary.

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in an effort to allay Russia's worries about and secure its membership in the Partnership for Peace. The issue remained outstanding when Perry left office in early 1997, by which time NATO had developed tentative plans to admit a few former

644:, was not a good fit for the job and within a year tendered his resignation. Perry succeeded him after a two-month search. The same day of his confirmation hearing, Perry was confirmed by a unanimous (97-0) vote to become Defense Secretary. 1723:, reverberated throughout the world, and is one of the key factors that has convinced political leaders and experts internationally that the conditions are in place to achieve that goal. The four men published four subsequent op-eds in the 1374:, a waterway on which moved a significant part of the world's oil production. The United States worked with its allies in the Persian Gulf area to bolster their capacity to defend themselves and to use their collective strength through the 1032:. The crime led to demands that the United States diminish its military presence on the island. Late in 1996, the United States agreed to vacate 20% of the land it used on Okinawa and to close some military facilities, including 1526:

fat in China. These things, Perry said, demonstrate "just how much the world has changed, just how much our security has changed, just how much the Department of Defense has changed, and just how much my job has changed."

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and shepherding it through Congress was one of Perry's most important duties. The problem of how to deal with a large projected Defense budget shortfall for the period 1995–2000, an issue that weakened Perry's predecessor

5343: 1151:, Clinton announced, with Perry's support, that the United States would provide 8,500 troops to a NATO follow-on force. The U.S. force would be gradually reduced in 1997 and 1998 and completely withdrawn by June 1998. 752:

the bill. When Congress and the administration finally settled on a budget compromise midway through FY 1996, DoD received $ 254.4 billion TOA, slightly more than in FY 1995, but in terms of real growth a 2% cut.

1659:, a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization working to reduce the threat of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons. He currently has an emeritus status on the board. Perry is an advisory board member for the 1381:

Provocative moves again by Iraq forced the United States to take strong action. When Saddam Hussein intervened in September 1996 by sending some 40,000 troops to assist one side in a dispute between two

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In January 1996, Perry talked about experiences over the past year in which he never thought a Secretary of Defense would be involved. At the top of the list was witnessing participation of a

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in eastern Bosnia. Perry at first ruled out U.S. military action, but in April 1994 U.S. fighter planes participated in UN airstrikes at Goražde, causing the Bosnian Serbs to retreat.

1279:. Perry considered this agreement better than risking a war in Korea and a continuation of North Korea's nuclear program. He promised that he would ask Congress for money to build up 1194:

In spite of continuing pressure and obvious preparations in the United States for an invasion of Haïti, the junta refused to yield. On September 19, 1994, just after former President

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leaders, including Cédras, agreed to step down by October 15 so that Aristide could return to the presidency. By the end of September, 19,600 U.S. troops were in Haïti as part of

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hold without them. The secretary agreed to a study proposed in September 1996 by NATO defense ministers for a follow-on force to replace IFOR. Finally in November 1996, after the

848:(BRAC) plan, recommending 146 actions. He estimated that implementing BRAC 95 would bring one-time costs of $ 3.8 billion and net savings of $ 4 billion within a six-year period. 660:, 1995–97), and he met regularly with the service secretaries, keeping them informed and seeking their advice on issues. He described his style as "management by walking around." 1135:

in mid-December. It provided for the cessation of hostilities, withdrawal of the combatants to specified lines, creation of a separation zone, and the stationing in Bosnia of a

5034: 1356:, the United States mobilized ground, air, and naval forces in the area to counter the threat. Perry warned Iraq that the U.S. forces would take action if it did not move its 1271:

for nuclear weapons. North Korea then agreed to open its nuclear facilities to international inspection, and the United States pledged to lift trade restrictions and provide

5338: 5288: 1806:. Perry says the major problem with ICBM's are the "non-recall" ability which if these missiles are sent and it turns out to be a false alarm then there's no turning back. 1360:

units north of the 32nd parallel. Subsequently, the UN Security Council passed a resolution requiring Iraq to pull its troops back at least 150 miles from Kuwait's border.

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Another tragic incident on June 25, 1996, revealed the continuing tension in the Middle East and the dangers involved in the U.S. military presence. Terrorists exploded a

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secretary, Bill Perry didn't name an operation or a weapons system. He said that his greatest accomplishment was his very strong bond with our men and women in uniform."

965:, to diminish the nuclear threat. He urged Congress to continue the threat reduction program, defending it against claims that in reality it provided foreign aid to the 2535: 3614: 1498:

division in the Bosnian peacekeeping operation. The others—Dayton, Ohio, becoming synonymous with peace in the Balkans; helping the Russian defense minister blow up a

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in 1970 for contributions to communications theory, radio propagation theory, and computer technology in the design of advanced systems. He is also a fellow of the

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in calling for the United States to take the lead in reducing and eliminating nuclear weapons. Their op-ed, "A World Free of Nuclear Weapons", published in the

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helicopters after misidentifying them as Iraqi. This incident, with its high death toll, highlighted dramatically the complexities in dealing with Iraq in the

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sites and air defense control facilities in the south, because, Perry explained, the United States saw the principal threat from Iraq to be against Kuwait.

5318: 4928: 4769: 3753: 2703: 2003: 1366:, too, behaved aggressively, placing at least 6,000 troops in March 1995 on three islands at the mouth of the Persian Gulf claimed by both Iran and the 5303: 5102: 1585: 1013:, when PRC authorities forcibly crushed a dissident movement. While not ignoring long-standing problems such as the PRC's weapons sales abroad and its 1754:

In 2011, Perry joined a team of former government officials from various countries, formed under the auspices of the Governor of Hiroshima Prefecture

5298: 5263: 1459: 1454:, resulted in widespread death and destruction and the flight of hundreds of thousands of refugees from Rwanda into neighboring countries, including 1014: 945:. He stressed the need for continuing military cooperation with and aid to the states of the former Soviet Union to facilitate destruction of their 5009: 2594: 2364: 3011: 393:, with a joint appointment at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies and the School of Engineering. He is also a senior fellow at 5253: 3679: 3074: 3035: 2927: 5293: 1313: 5333: 5323: 1183:

fled from Haïti in boats, hoping to gain admittance to the United States. U.S. vessels intercepted most of them at sea and took them to the

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under NATO to stop the bombardment of Bosnian cities, provide air support for UN troops, and carry out humanitarian missions. Perry and the

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serves as coordinator of the NSP, in conjunction with Stanford University's Hoover Institution. In 2010, the four produced the documentary

969:. By June 1996 when Perry traveled to Ukraine to observe the completion of that country's transfer of nuclear warheads to Russia under the 600:

Later in the 1980s he held positions as founder and chairman of Technology Strategies Alliances, professor in the School of Engineering at

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op-ed piece in January 2021 telling President Donald Trump not to involve the military in determining the outcome of the 2020 elections.

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with military force. In practical terms this strategy relied on threat reduction programs (reducing the nuclear complex of the former

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Although he recognized that the reform movement in Russia might not succeed, Perry did everything he could to improve relations with

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Perry also has extensive business experience and serves on the boards of several high-tech companies. He was elected a member of the

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Perry Is Sworn In as Defense Secretary : Military: Aspin's deputy takes oath same day Senate votes, 97 to 0, to back nomination

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In June 1994 the secretary signed a directive ordering the armed forces to buy products and components to the extent possible from

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The "frenzy" of defense industry mergers that the US experienced after 1986 was encouraged when in autumn 1993, Perry and his boss

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the United States at the moment did not face a real threat, and that if the system were built and deployed it would endanger the

5146: 4682: 1534:, Perry made known his decision to step down as secretary. He spoke of his growing frustration over working with a Congress so 1522:; dismantling the military specifications system for acquisition; cutting the ear off a pig in Kazakhstan, and eating rendered 756: 4294: 4245: 3145: 2870: 409: 351: 3585:"All 10 living former defense secretaries: Involving the military in election disputes would cross into dangerous territory" 3151: 2266: 1632:

William Perry appeared as an important and influential person in the development of Silicon Valley, in the PBS documentary,

5328: 4869: 2841: 1618:. Perry joined the financial board of the Thailand-based manufacturing company, Fabrinet in 2008. He was a board member of 780:

Although he had not thought so earlier, by the end of his tenure in early 1997 Perry believed it possible to modernize the

705: 5283: 5127: 4707: 4522: 4133: 2630:"Remarks on Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Secretary of Defense William J. Perry at Fort Myer, Virginia" 2199: 1985: 1693: 1547:

treaty; slowness in securing increases in the budget for weapon systems modernization; and the faulty perceptions of the

1466:, Rwanda's capital, to aid in the distribution of food, medicine, and other supplies. The lack of a U.S. response to the 737: 696: 528: 744:, their efforts to spend more on defense than the administration wanted, and the continuing need for deficit reduction. 4613: 4048: 4039: 3978: 3802: 3672: 3394: 3366: 3285: 1866: 1795: 1676: 1329: 1224: 1092: 910: 371: 53: 3194: 1830: 1683:, a progressive leadership institute that trains the next generation of foreign policy and national security leaders. 1017:

abuses, he believed that the U.S. and the PRC should cooperate militarily. He made some progress, although when China

4838: 3851: 3827: 2976: 2758: 1664: 1010: 515:, an electronics firm that he founded. He was instrumental in demonstrating the technical feasibility of extracting 5278: 4984: 4744: 4557: 1680: 1660: 1622:, a Silicon Valley biotech company which defrauded more than $ 700 million from its investors before it collapsed. 1232: 1096: 1083:

resisted congressional pressures to lift an arms embargo imposed earlier by the United Nations on all sides in the

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Perry at the National Defense University graduation on Fort Lesley J. McNair, Washington, D.C., on June 12, 2008.

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In a further effort to save money Perry resorted to base closures and realignments. In May 1994 he and General

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in May 1994 without granting the IAEA inspection privileges, and later said it withdraw from the IAEA and the

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Act of 1992 (the Nunn-Lugar program), which provided funds for the dismantling of nuclear weapons in Russia,

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published a Perry opinion editorial advocating, " ... the United States can safely phase out its land-based

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On June 17, 2006, Perry gave the featured commencement speech to engineering and science graduates at the

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for FY 1996. This proposal became entangled in the controversy during 1995 over the House Republicans'

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At the time of his appointment it was not expected that Perry would involve himself aggressively in

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figured prominently in the budget struggles Perry experienced. Aspin had declared an end to the

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in 1983 to serve on the President's Commission on Strategic Forces. He was also a member of the

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Specifications & Standards - A New Way of Doing Business: A memorandum by William J. Perry

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Postanowienie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 13 grudnia 1996 r. o nadaniu orderu.

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posed another serious problem for Perry, who backed the administration's policy of pressuring

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Korean policy coordinator in 1998, where he recommended continued diplomatic engagement with

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negotiated an agreement, the United States sent in military forces with UN approval. Haïti's

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Perry, along with all other living former secretaries of defense, ten in total, published a

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ultimatum and warning of airstrikes. Shortly thereafter the Serbs threatened to overrun the

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In 2007, Secretary Perry joined three other eminent statesmen, former Secretaries of State

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in 2017. He argued for the need for checks and balances for a nuclear strike by the U.S.

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Applying strong pressure, in November 1995 the United States persuaded the presidents of

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would be a U.S. reaction. On both September 2 and 3, U.S. aircraft attacked Iraqi fixed

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on his first trip abroad to confer with European defense ministers. In April 1994 the

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Perry cautioned Congress in September of the possibility that President Clinton would

5091: 5054: 4414: 4319: 4304: 4138: 4118: 4025: 3736: 3402: 3141: 3068: 3029: 2972: 2884: 2876: 2866: 2828: 2615: 2517: 2455: 2224: 1842: 1748: 1604: 1548: 1515: 1301: 1060: 998: 781: 648: 524: 205: 2759:"Armed Services Would Hold Line On Spending -- $ 263.7 Billion Called 'Bottom Line'" 2424:"UNDER SECRETARIES OF DEFENSE Under Secretary of Defense (Research and Engineering)" 2407:"Charting a Technical Revolution: An interview with former DDS&T Albert Wheelon" 4902: 4827: 4727: 4602: 4349: 4279: 4083: 4073: 3911: 3476: 2902: 1782: 1706: 1687: 1499: 1467: 1443: 1371: 1341: 1252: 861: 822: 722: 663:

Perry adopted "preventive defense" as his guide to national security policy in the

512: 291: 4852: 4821: 3880: 3267:"A Hiroshima for Global Peace" Plan - Formulation Project (outline of the project) 2704:"Former Defense Secretary William Perry Roundtable Discussion Today At CU-Boulder" 5160: 5079: 5048: 4967: 4858: 4168: 4128: 4103: 4093: 4068: 3931: 3683: 3639: 3469:

The Button: The new nuclear arms race and presidential power from Truman to Trump

3135: 1880: 1847:

The Button: The New Nuclear Arms Race and Presidential Power from Truman to Trump

1755: 1740: 1710: 1535: 818: 814: 520: 5116: 1176: 981:

treaty, completed in 1996; in October 1996 he spoke to a session of the Russian

893: 5191: 5135: 4992: 4796: 4444: 4439: 4429: 4409: 4389: 4369: 4364: 4143: 4108: 3785: 3472: 3371: 2378: 1999: 1790: 1584:

Perry rejoined the faculty at Stanford University, becoming a professor at the

1471: 1305: 1272: 1068: 1064: 1029: 946: 918: 857: 653: 552: 340: 295: 165: 84: 2888: 2441: 2206: 901:

and Linda Kozaryn, American Forces Press Service reporter, during a flight to

5227: 5017: 4936: 4877: 4777: 4758: 4733: 4721: 4671: 4633: 4590: 4394: 4344: 4334: 4289: 4274: 4163: 4006: 3948: 3819: 3406: 3273: 2763: 2595:"'The last supper': How a 1993 Pentagon dinner reshaped the defense industry" 2423: 1941: 1570: 1399: 1101: 925: 898: 657: 590: 580: 112: 88: 5344:

Stanford University Department of Management Science and Engineering faculty

4264: 4058: 3689: 3480: 1131:, that after much contention produced a peace agreement, formally signed in 527:

surveillance program. In 1967 he was hired as a technical consultant to the

5197: 5185: 5179: 5154: 5110: 5085: 4998: 4961: 4955: 4802: 4752: 4696: 4596: 4502: 4404: 4339: 4203: 4178: 4173: 4113: 4001: 3963: 3865: 3808: 3219: 2365:"Joseph C. Martz from Los Alamos National Lab named inaugural Perry Fellow" 2311: 1859: 1818: 1736: 1422: 1297: 1245: 1195: 1128: 1063:, the Bosnian capital, but the Serbs were forced to draw back in face of a 673: 621: 572: 540: 375: 193: 141: 74: 3049:

University, © Stanford; Stanford; Complaints, California 94305 Copyright.

2066:

How to Enlarge NATO: The Debate inside the Clinton Administration, 1993–95

1421:, a problem during Aspin's tenure, ended in 1994. Under the protection of 917:, which the Clinton administration saw as a way to link NATO with the new 860:. He quickly belied this impression. Within days of taking office he left 551:. Among other achievements, he had an influence on the development of the 5073: 4896: 4324: 4183: 4148: 3953: 3925: 3317: 1894: 1285: 1260: 1223:'s Communist regime to allow monitoring of its nuclear facilities by the 1220: 1216: 1084: 1080: 930: 718: 480: 20: 1849:. This book concludes with a ten-point plan for nuclear weapons safety: 4652: 4424: 4399: 4329: 4198: 4193: 4188: 3973: 3710: 2572: 1519: 1395: 1333: 1259:, assisted again by former President Carter. The United States, Japan, 982: 962: 877:, hosting the first Conference of Defense Ministers of the Americas at 604:, and served as a co-director of the Preventive Defense Project at the 508: 2367:. Center for International Security and Cooperation. October 15, 2009. 1690:, a group formed to give advice on the U.S. government's Iraq policy. 1438:

in 1994, the United States became involved in humanitarian efforts in

1072: 1001:

a decade earlier, Perry endeavored to improve relations with both the

977:

were in Belarus. Perry testified in favor of U.S. ratification of the

4715: 4690: 4621: 4153: 3795: 3012:"Video: William J. Perry on energy, national security and technology" 2351:"Secretary of Defense William J. Perry - National Defense University" 2167: 2165: 2163: 2161: 2159: 2157: 2155: 2153: 2151: 2149: 2147: 2145: 2143: 2141: 2139: 2137: 2135: 2133: 2131: 2129: 2127: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2117: 1873: 1814: 1698: 1590:

Stanford University Center for International Security and Cooperation

1511: 1268: 1263:, and other regional allies promised to provide North Korea with two 1028:

In 1995 a young girl was raped by three U.S. servicemen stationed in

921: 882: 710: 641: 628: 606:

Stanford University Center for International Security and Cooperation

100: 2115: 2113: 2111: 2109: 2107: 2105: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2097: 16:

American mathematician, businessman and 19th US Secretary of Defense

4973: 3395:"Opinion | Why It's Safe to Scrap America's ICBMs (Published 2016)" 1826: 1810: 1714: 1619: 1544: 1503: 1309: 1200: 1088: 978: 874: 668: 389:

Perry is the Michael and Barbara Berberian Professor (emeritus) at

3299: 3009: 2880: 2475:. Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum. February 5, 1983. 1251:

On October 21, 1994, the United States and North Korea signed the

1160: 4530: 4494: 3705: 3010:

2094: 1981: 1506:; watching United States and Russian troops training together in 1370:. Perry stated that the Iranian moves threatened shipping in the 1180: 1124: 1109: 1009:. He was the first secretary of defense to visit China after the 958: 954: 721:

1995, including funds for numerous weapon systems, such as a new

547:, where he had responsibility for weapon systems procurement and 3112: 1673:

International Luxembourg Forum on Preventing Nuclear Catastrophe

1592:, and the Michael and Barbara Berberian Professor (emeritus) at 1159:

Perry also inherited from Aspin the problem of what to do about

4253: 3714: 2810: 2035: 1959: 1887: 1615: 1507: 1463: 1439: 1435: 1304:

continued to have conflict, with periodic provocative moves by

1113: 1105: 974: 942: 902: 809:

A token of the Perry agenda's power is the 1995 merger between

448:

as an enlisted man from 1946 to 1947, including service in the

1573:

to join the board of Hambrecht and Quist as a senior adviser.

5309:

Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire

2017: 1813:

for supporting legislation proposed by Lieu and U.S. Senator

1455: 1451: 1132: 1006: 421: 5349:

Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering

1087:. During 1994–95 some senators, including Republican leader 897:

Perry and Assistant Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs

374:

from February 3, 1994, to January 23, 1997, under President

3463: 1898: 1447: 1383: 1363: 1188: 1136: 1116:

resolved to provide a larger and better-equipped UN force.

994: 788: 748: 681: 457: 3722:, podcast of William Perry speaking at Stanford University 2487:"Pentagon Papers Go On And On, And So Do Weapons Problems" 1817:, Democrat from Massachusetts, that would limit President 1675:. Perry is also a member of the board of directors of the 1478:

by President Clinton and was due to fear of repeating the

2951: 2175:. Office of the Secretary of Defense - Historical Office. 1809:

Perry is cited by the website of Los Angeles Congressman

1671:

events. He is a Member of the Supervisory Council of the

881:, in 1995 and attending the second conference in 1996 in 504: 4047: 3195:"UC Santa Barbara to Graduate 4,800 Students This Month" 3048: 2186:

public domain material from this U.S government document

1167:

continued to refuse to reinstate the deposed president,

736:

In February 1995, Perry asked for $ 246 billion for the

586:

firm "specializing in high-tech and defense companies."

534: 3137:

Bad Blood: Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup

2928:"In Africa, Bill Clinton Toils for a Charitable Legacy" 2619:, Les Pine, February 4, 1994. Retrieved April 26, 2021. 2053:

Timeline of United States and China relations 1995–1997

1588:, co-director of the Preventive Defense Project at the 384:

Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering

173:

Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering

5147:

Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy

3286:"Aya Kano, Hiroshima Prefecture's "Global Peace" Plan" 2865:. Internet Archive. New York: Ecco. pp. 286–287. 2690:"Preventive Defense Project- Project Ongoing research" 2173:"William J. Perry - William J. Clinton Administration" 575:

in 1981, Perry became managing director until 1985 of

545:

Undersecretary of Defense for Research and Engineering

513:

Electromagnetic Systems Laboratory (ESL), Incorporated

2571:

Kelley, Maryellen R.; Watkins, Todd A. (April 1995).

1614:. Perry currently sits on the board of directors for 1316:, the United States organized a coalition to enforce 555:

doctrine, and was instrumental in the development of

5339:

Recipients of the Order of the Sword (United States)

5289:

Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

4929:

Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency

3244:"Former defense secretary to receive honor at Point" 2692:. Center for International Security and Cooperation. 1650: 1336:

aircraft, operating in the no-fly zone north of the

985:

in Moscow, urging its members to ratify the treaty.

5211:

took office in 1993, raised to cabinet-rank in 1996

5128:

Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency

3910: 2004:

Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire

973:, the only former Soviet missiles still outside of 5103:Administrator of the Small Business Administration 2862:The Impossible State: North Korea, Past and Future 2334:"William J. Perry Title U.S. Secretary of Defense" 1586:Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies 1485: 3610: 3608: 3606: 2573:"The Myth of the Specialized Military Contractor" 2507:. New American Strategies for Security and Peace. 1743:and includes interviews with California Governor 1171:. In the spring of 1994, debate persisted in the 5225: 2734: 2678:. U.S. Department of Defense. February 23, 1996. 2353:. U.S. Department of Defense. February 13, 1996. 1564: 1308:triggering U.S. military action. After the 1991 4948:Director of the Office of Management and Budget 2842:"Meet The Largest Defense Contractors On Earth" 2632:. Government Printing Office. January 14, 1997. 1532:President Clinton's reelection in November 1996 1348:. Further, in October 1994, when several elite 3603: 2644:"Perry Sets $ 80-Million Upgrade For F-14 Jet" 2306: 2304: 1569:After he left the Pentagon, Perry returned to 1314:United Nations Security Council Resolution 688 1048:A serious ongoing international crisis was in 4480: 4239: 4033: 3896: 3626:116 - 3.9.1998 Narodne novine (Croatian)"> 2831:, 7 January 2001), accessed 14 September 2022 2827:, published 29 June 1994 (republished by the 2814:, February 6, 1995. Retrieved April 29, 2021. 2570: 2524:, February 3, 1993. Retrieved April 30, 2021. 2345: 2343: 2068:." International Security, Volume 44, Issue 1 1915: 3744:Director of Defense Research and Engineering 2756: 611: 495:From 1954 to 1964 Perry was director of the 436:, Perry attended, but did not graduate from 66:February 3, 1994 – January 23, 1997 5319:United States deputy secretaries of defense 4255:United States Deputy Secretaries of Defense 3316: 3073:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 3034:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 2706:. University of Colorado. November 9, 2007. 2664:. U.S. Department of Defense. May 29, 1996. 2518:Perry nominated deputy secretary of defense 2393:"Dr. William J. Perry Secretary of Defense" 2301: 1781:(Stanford Univ. Press), with a foreword by 1639:On October 16, 2008, Perry was awarded the 1175:on whether to intervene militarily to oust 452:. Perry later received a commission in the 418:Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun 5314:Recipients of the Ordre national du Mérite 4789:Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 4487: 4473: 4246: 4232: 4040: 4026: 3903: 3889: 2993:"Ex-Defense Chief to Join Hambrecht Board" 2554:"The Distillation of the Defense Industry" 2439: 2340: 2267:"Change of Plans: What Matters Most to Me" 1904:Bring the bomb into the new mass movement. 1235:. Perry offered three options to Clinton: 1040:troops stationed on Okinawa could remain. 971:Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances 185:April 11, 1977 – January 20, 1981 36: 5304:Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun 5066:Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers 3776:United States Deputy Secretary of Defense 3133: 2968:The Building: A Biography of the Pentagon 2964: 1510:; welcoming former Warsaw Pact troops in 133:March 5, 1993 – February 3, 1994 121:United States Deputy Secretary of Defense 5299:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients 5264:Los Alamos National Laboratory personnel 3852:Order of precedence of the United States 3367:"Why It's Safe to Scrap America's ICBMs" 3365:Perry, William J. (September 30, 2016). 3352:New York Review of Books, 14 Jul. 2016, 3127: 2564: 2546: 2090:. Stanford University Press. p. 87. 1964:Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland 1853:End presidential sole nuclear authority. 1692: 1655:Perry is a founding board member of the 1610:Perry sits on the advisory board of the 1575: 892: 789:Streamlining the military infrastructure 785:United States to remain a global power. 695: 412:. Among Perry's numerous awards are the 3220:"Silicon Valley Historical Association" 2925: 2606: 2604: 1686:In March 2006, he was appointed to the 1627:University of California, Santa Barbara 913:. He made major efforts to promote its 825:company, which was formed in 1994 when 769:for a national missile defense system. 635: 5254:Clinton administration cabinet members 5226: 4770:Secretary of Health and Human Services 3706:Official site, William J Perry Project 2536:"How a dinner led to a feeding frenzy" 2433: 2229:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 1239:through the United Nations, a limited 1036:. The Japanese agreed that the 28,000 5294:People from Vandergrift, Pennsylvania 4920: 4514: 4468: 4227: 4021: 3884: 3392: 3364: 3224:Silicon Valley Historical Association 3154:from the original on February 8, 2021 2834: 2587: 2533: 2085: 2022:Grand Cordon, Order of the Rising Sun 1446:between two rival ethnic groups, the 535:Undersecretary of Defense for R&E 519:on the Soviet Union from the overall 511:, and from 1964 to 1977 president of 410:American Academy of Arts and Sciences 352:United States Army Corps of Engineers 5334:Military personnel from Pennsylvania 5324:United States secretaries of defense 4049:United States Secretaries of Defense 3814:February 3, 1994 – January 23, 1997 3780:January 21, 1993 – February 3, 1994 2601: 2264: 1735:. The film is introduced by General 1634:Silicon Valley: 100 Year Renaissance 1095:lifted to enable them to resist the 1052:. When Perry took over in 1994, the 851: 717:Perry asked for $ 252.2 billion for 2965:Alexander, David (3 October 2008). 2858: 1986:Grand Order of King Dmitar Zvonimir 1869:and scale back the nuclear rebuild. 1777:In 2015, Perry published a memoir, 1460:UN peacekeeping operation in Rwanda 1352:divisions began to move toward the 1023:presidential election in March 1996 933:members during the summer of 1997. 13: 3748:April 11, 1977 – October 21, 1981 3673:Office of the Secretary of Defense 2926:Chozick, Amy (September 4, 2012). 2852: 2336:. National Academy of Engineering. 2058: 1796:intercontinental ballistic missile 1677:Center for a New American Security 1291: 1225:International Atomic Energy Agency 1093:Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina 911:North Atlantic Treaty Organization 616:Perry returned to the Pentagon as 523:background with the then proposed 372:United States Secretary of Defense 54:United States Secretary of Defense 14: 5365: 5274:Carnegie Mellon University alumni 5259:20th-century American politicians 4921: 3699: 3441:"Nukes: The Broadcast | Radiolab" 2948:"Ambush in Mogadishu: Transcript" 2757:Robert Burns (February 7, 1994). 2662:"Perry Pushes Preventive Defense" 1665:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 1651:Work to eliminate nuclear weapons 1340:in Iraq, shot down two U.S. Army 1154: 1137:Peace Implementation Force (IFOR) 1091:, wanted the embargo against the 1011:Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 691: 5269:Eberly College of Science alumni 5244:American Unitarian Universalists 5035:Ambassador to the United Nations 4985:Director of Central Intelligence 4547: 4453: 4263: 4212: 4057: 3660: This article incorporates 3655: 3393:Perry, William J. (2016-09-30). 2522:Stanford University News Service 2456:"The Honorable William J. Perry" 2245:"FSI | CISAC - William J. Perry" 2177: 2028: 2010: 1992: 1974: 1952: 1934: 1779:My Journey at the Nuclear Brink, 1758:to prepare a plan for the total 1681:Truman National Security Project 1661:Partnership for a Secure America 1594:Stanford's School of Engineering 1248:and Kim mediated the situation. 1233:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 1034:Marine Corps Air Station Futenma 997:, like former defense secretary 640:Perry's boss as Undersecretary, 543:administration, Perry served as 3912:Members of the Iraq Study Group 3632: 3620: 3577: 3568: 3559: 3550: 3541: 3532: 3523: 3514: 3505: 3496: 3487: 3457: 3433: 3419: 3386: 3358: 3346: 3310: 3292: 3278: 3260: 3236: 3212: 3187: 3166: 3105: 3081: 3042: 3003: 2985: 2971:. Voyageur Press. p. 251. 2958: 2940: 2919: 2895: 2829:Society of Automotive Engineers 2817: 2799: 2785: 2771: 2750: 2735:Tamar A. Mehuron (April 1994). 2728: 2710: 2696: 2682: 2668: 2654: 2636: 2622: 2558:Air & Space Forces Magazine 2527: 2511: 2497: 2479: 2465: 2448: 2416: 2412:. Studies in Intelligence, CIA. 2399: 2385: 2371: 2357: 2088:My Journey at the Nuclear Brink 1804:2018 Hawaii false missile alert 1612:Commonwealth Club of California 1599:In 1999, Perry was awarded the 1559: 1486:Accomplishments and resignation 1330:a tragic accident in April 1994 757:national missile defense system 632:be known as "the last supper". 497:Electronic Defense Laboratories 490: 406:National Academy of Engineering 3467:; Tom Z. Collina (June 2020), 3300:"The William J. Perry Project" 3174:"A singular board at Theranos" 3016:Stanford School of Engineering 2326: 2280: 2258: 2237: 2192: 2079: 1645:United States Military Academy 1346:aftermath of the 1991 Gulf War 1255:after lengthy negotiations in 1211: 1043: 766:Strategic Arms Reduction Talks 589:He was appointed by President 539:From 1977 to 1981, during the 1: 4889:Secretary of Veterans Affairs 3694:Mathematics Genealogy Project 2795:. U.S. Department of Defense. 2781:. U.S. Department of Defense. 2737:"Snapshots of the New Budget" 2440:Wagner, Rich; Tegnelia, Jim. 2072: 1946:Presidential Medal of Freedom 1565:Academia and corporate boards 1470:was later considered a major 1237:sanctions against North Korea 915:Partnership for Peace Program 909:Perry strongly supported the 647:He entered office with broad 566: 485:Pennsylvania State University 460:, serving from 1950 to 1955. 427: 414:Presidential Medal of Freedom 301:Pennsylvania State University 3327:The New York Review of Books 3304:The William J. Perry Project 2534:Mintz, John (July 3, 1997). 2395:. University of North Texas. 2288:"Preventive Defense Project" 1760:abolition of nuclear weapons 1747:and former Soviet President 1389:surface-to-air missile (SAM) 1265:light water nuclear reactors 951:Cooperative Threat Reduction 846:base realignment and closure 761:Strategic Defense Initiative 7: 5329:United States Army officers 4814:Secretary of Transportation 4515: 3872:as Former US Cabinet Member 3857:as Former US Cabinet Member 3844:as Former US Cabinet Member 3686: (archived 3 June 2004) 2779:"FY 1996-97 Defense Budget" 2046: 1893:Engage diplomatically with 1856:Prohibit launch on warning. 1788:On September 30, 2016, the 1476:Bill Clinton administration 1458:. Although not part of the 1419:U.S. involvement in Somalia 557:stealth aircraft technology 380:Deputy Secretary of Defense 10: 5370: 5284:Stanford University alumni 5172:White House Chief of Staff 4545: 3649: 3089:"James A. Van Fleet Award" 2379:"Famous Nonmathematicians" 2265:Dodd, David (2019-11-03). 2184:This article incorporates 2086:Perry, William J. (2015). 1916:Other political activities 1881:strategic missile defenses 1825:Perry was profiled in the 1764:Hiroshima for Global Peace 1413: 1402:apartment complex housing 1281:U.S. forces in South Korea 1206:Operation Uphold Democracy 1127:to attend a conference in 1038:United States Forces Japan 1003:People's Republic of China 618:Under Secretary of Defense 454:United States Army Reserve 444:in 1945 and served in the 356:United States Army Reserve 271:Leonilla Green (died 2017) 18: 5207: 5170: 5145: 5126: 5101: 5064: 5033: 5008: 4983: 4946: 4927: 4916: 4887: 4868: 4837: 4812: 4787: 4768: 4743: 4706: 4681: 4664:Secretary of the Interior 4662: 4643: 4612: 4583:Secretary of the Treasury 4581: 4556: 4521: 4510: 4451: 4270: 4261: 4210: 4064: 4055: 3992: 3941: 3918: 3862: 3849: 3834: 3826: 3816: 3803:U.S. Secretary of Defense 3800: 3792: 3782: 3773: 3765: 3760: 3750: 3741: 3733: 3728: 3354:"A Stark Nuclear Warning" 3322:"A Stark Nuclear Warning" 2314:. William J Perry Project 1948:, with Distinction, 1997. 1927: 1772:Nuclear Threat Initiative 1762:. This project is titled 1729:Nuclear Threat Initiative 1697:Perry at a conference in 1667:and frequently speaks at 1657:Nuclear Threat Initiative 1549:Gulf War illness syndrome 1429: 1277:electric power generation 1229:Yongbyon nuclear facility 1185:Guantanamo Bay Naval Base 1021:just before the latter's 936: 873:the other nations in the 817:. The resulting company, 620:after being nominated by 612:Undersecretary of Defense 442:Butler Senior High School 434:Vandergrift, Pennsylvania 361: 347: 336: 326: 316: 311: 283: 275: 267: 257: 251:Vandergrift, Pennsylvania 230: 225: 221: 211: 199: 189: 178: 171: 159: 147: 137: 126: 118: 106: 94: 80: 70: 59: 51: 47: 35: 28: 4683:Secretary of Agriculture 3828:U.S. order of precedence 3176:. Fortune. June 12, 2014 3134:Carreyrou, John (2018). 2461:. World Affairs Council. 2381:. University of Houston. 2040:Ordre National du Merite 1841:With Tom Collina of the 1836: 1601:James A. Van Fleet Award 1514:; operating a school at 1376:Gulf Cooperation Council 1312:, acting in accord with 1057:Army of Republika Srpska 799:commercial off-the-shelf 561:Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk 549:research and development 19:Not to be confused with 5279:Culver Academies alumni 2859:Cha, Victor D. (2013). 2806:F.Y. '96 Defense Budget 1845:, Perry wrote the book 988: 888: 704:The formulation of the 438:Culver Military Academy 42:Official portrait, 1994 4870:Secretary of Education 3662:public domain material 3055:cisac.fsi.stanford.edu 1800:accidental nuclear war 1702: 1581: 1500:Minuteman missile silo 1434:In another mission in 1173:United States Congress 1169:Jean-Bertrand Aristide 1141:North Atlantic Council 906: 879:Williamsburg, Virginia 701: 700:Perry in Rwanda, 1994. 4708:Secretary of Commerce 3720:Lessons in Leadership 2312:"About William Perry" 2064:M.E. Sarotte. 2019. " 1745:Arnold Schwarzenegger 1733:Nuclear Tipping Point 1713:, and former Senator 1696: 1641:Sylvanus Thayer Award 1579: 1492:Russian Ground Forces 1408:Dhahran, Saudi Arabia 1149:presidential election 1121:Serbia and Montenegro 896: 842:Joint Chiefs of Staff 838:John M. Shalikashvili 742:Contract with America 738:Department of Defense 699: 685:Partnership for Peace 678:counter-proliferation 624:on February 3, 1993, 577:Hambrecht & Quist 529:Department of Defense 327:Years of service 5010:Trade Representative 4614:Secretary of Defense 3984:Lawrence Eagleburger 3769:Donald J. Atwood Jr. 3113:"Board of Directory" 3093:www.koreasociety.org 2724:. December 16, 1993. 1368:United Arab Emirates 967:Russian Armed Forces 827:Northrop Corporation 811:Lockheed Corporation 636:Secretary of Defense 517:Signals intelligence 471:(1950) degrees from 440:. He graduated from 378:. He also served as 154:Donald J. Atwood Jr. 5024:Charlene Barshefsky 4839:Secretary of Energy 3959:Sandra Day O'Connor 3729:Government offices 3140:. Knopf Doubleday. 2907:www.armscontrol.org 2540:The Washington Post 2290:. Harvard Worldwide 1725:Wall Street Journal 1720:Wall Street Journal 1480:Battle of Mogadishu 1332:two U.S. Air Force 1257:Geneva, Switzerland 1163:, where a military 831:Grumman Corporation 731:C-17 cargo aircraft 665:post-Cold War world 602:Stanford University 559:, specifically the 473:Stanford University 463:Perry received his 450:Occupation of Japan 420:(2002), awarded by 395:Stanford University 391:Stanford University 368:William James Perry 332:1950–1955 (Reserve) 288:Stanford University 235:William James Perry 5043:Madeleine Albright 4745:Secretary of Labor 4572:Madeleine Albright 4566:Warren Christopher 4558:Secretary of State 3761:Political offices 3754:Richard D. DeLauer 3399:The New York Times 3051:"William J. Perry" 2933:The New York Times 2744:Air Force Magazine 2505:"William J. Perry" 1907:Elect a committed 1860:Prohibit first use 1703: 1582: 1354:Iraq–Kuwait border 1350:Iraqi Armed Forces 1320:in Iraq, north of 1061:besieging Sarajevo 907: 870:secretary of state 840:, chairman of the 755:The question of a 702: 595:Packard Commission 584:investment banking 446:United States Army 399:Hoover Institution 330:1945–1947 (Active) 321:United States Army 217:Richard D. DeLauer 5221: 5220: 5217: 5216: 5092:Martin Neil Baily 5055:Richard Holbrooke 4912: 4911: 4462: 4461: 4221: 4220: 4015: 4014: 3879: 3878: 3875: 3863:Succeeded by 3847: 3817:Succeeded by 3811: 3783:Succeeded by 3751:Succeeded by 3737:Malcolm R. Currie 3591:. January 3, 2021 3320:(July 14, 2016). 3147:978-1-5247-3166-3 2999:. March 22, 1997. 2872:978-0-06-199850-8 2650:. March 17, 1996. 2648:Los Angeles Times 2616:Los Angeles Times 2577:Technology Review 1843:Ploughshares Fund 1770:sponsored by the 1749:Mikhail Gorbachev 1605:The Korea Society 1516:Garmisch, Germany 1019:threatened Taiwan 999:Caspar Weinberger 852:Foreign relations 782:U.S. armed forces 649:national security 525:Rhyolite/Aquacade 365: 364: 206:Malcolm R. Currie 5361: 5249:Atlantic Council 4918: 4917: 4903:Togo D. West Jr. 4847:Hazel R. O'Leary 4828:Rodney E. Slater 4728:William M. Daley 4645:Attorney General 4628:William J. Perry 4603:Lawrence Summers 4551: 4550: 4512: 4511: 4489: 4482: 4475: 4466: 4465: 4457: 4267: 4248: 4241: 4234: 4225: 4224: 4216: 4061: 4042: 4035: 4028: 4019: 4018: 3905: 3898: 3891: 3882: 3881: 3869: 3858: 3841: 3838:Hazel R. O'Leary 3835:Preceded by 3806: 3793:Preceded by 3766:Preceded by 3734:Preceded by 3726: 3725: 3690:William J. Perry 3676: 3668:William J. Perry 3659: 3658: 3643: 3636: 3630: 3624: 3618: 3612: 3601: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3581: 3575: 3572: 3566: 3563: 3557: 3554: 3548: 3545: 3539: 3536: 3530: 3527: 3521: 3518: 3512: 3509: 3503: 3500: 3494: 3491: 3485: 3483: 3461: 3455: 3454: 3452: 3451: 3437: 3431: 3430: 3423: 3417: 3416: 3414: 3413: 3390: 3384: 3383: 3381: 3379: 3362: 3356: 3350: 3344: 3343: 3341: 3339: 3314: 3308: 3307: 3296: 3290: 3289: 3282: 3276: 3264: 3258: 3257: 3255: 3254: 3248:recordonline.com 3240: 3234: 3233: 3231: 3230: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3207: 3206: 3199:The UCSB Current 3191: 3185: 3184: 3182: 3181: 3170: 3164: 3163: 3161: 3159: 3131: 3125: 3124: 3122: 3120: 3109: 3103: 3102: 3100: 3099: 3085: 3079: 3078: 3072: 3064: 3062: 3061: 3046: 3040: 3039: 3033: 3025: 3023: 3022: 3007: 3001: 3000: 2989: 2983: 2982: 2962: 2956: 2955: 2944: 2938: 2937: 2923: 2917: 2916: 2914: 2913: 2899: 2893: 2892: 2856: 2850: 2849: 2838: 2832: 2821: 2815: 2803: 2797: 2796: 2789: 2783: 2782: 2775: 2769: 2768: 2754: 2748: 2747: 2741: 2732: 2726: 2725: 2714: 2708: 2707: 2700: 2694: 2693: 2686: 2680: 2679: 2672: 2666: 2665: 2658: 2652: 2651: 2640: 2634: 2633: 2626: 2620: 2608: 2599: 2598: 2591: 2585: 2584: 2568: 2562: 2561: 2550: 2544: 2543: 2531: 2525: 2515: 2509: 2508: 2501: 2495: 2494: 2493:. March 2, 1986. 2483: 2477: 2476: 2469: 2463: 2462: 2460: 2452: 2446: 2445: 2437: 2431: 2430: 2428: 2420: 2414: 2413: 2411: 2403: 2397: 2396: 2389: 2383: 2382: 2375: 2369: 2368: 2361: 2355: 2354: 2347: 2338: 2337: 2330: 2324: 2323: 2321: 2319: 2308: 2299: 2298: 2296: 2295: 2284: 2278: 2277: 2275: 2274: 2262: 2256: 2255: 2253: 2252: 2241: 2235: 2234: 2228: 2220: 2218: 2217: 2211: 2205:. Archived from 2204: 2196: 2190: 2181: 2180: 2176: 2169: 2092: 2091: 2083: 2034: 2032: 2031: 2016: 2014: 2013: 1998: 1996: 1995: 1980: 1978: 1977: 1958: 1956: 1955: 1940: 1938: 1937: 1783:George P. Shultz 1707:George P. Shultz 1688:Iraq Study Group 1468:Rwandan genocide 1372:Strait of Hormuz 1358:Republican Guard 1342:UH-60 Black Hawk 1253:Agreed Framework 1097:Republika Srpska 919:Eastern European 823:Northrop Grumman 723:aircraft carrier 382:(1993–1994) and 312:Military service 248: 245:October 11, 1927 244: 242: 226:Personal details 214: 202: 183: 162: 150: 131: 109: 97: 64: 40: 26: 25: 5369: 5368: 5364: 5363: 5362: 5360: 5359: 5358: 5354:Theranos people 5224: 5223: 5222: 5213: 5203: 5166: 5161:Barry McCaffrey 5141: 5122: 5097: 5080:Joseph Stiglitz 5060: 5049:Bill Richardson 5029: 5004: 4979: 4968:Franklin Raines 4942: 4923: 4908: 4883: 4864: 4859:Bill Richardson 4833: 4808: 4783: 4764: 4739: 4702: 4677: 4658: 4639: 4608: 4577: 4552: 4548: 4543: 4517: 4506: 4493: 4463: 4458: 4449: 4268: 4257: 4252: 4222: 4217: 4208: 4062: 4051: 4046: 4016: 4011: 3995:to final report 3994: 3988: 3937: 3932:Lee H. Hamilton 3914: 3909: 3868: 3856: 3854: 3840: 3822: 3813: 3805: 3798: 3788: 3779: 3771: 3756: 3747: 3739: 3702: 3684:Wayback Machine 3665: 3656: 3652: 3647: 3646: 3637: 3633: 3625: 3621: 3613: 3604: 3594: 3592: 3589:Washington Post 3583: 3582: 3578: 3573: 3569: 3564: 3560: 3555: 3551: 3546: 3542: 3537: 3533: 3528: 3524: 3519: 3515: 3510: 3506: 3501: 3497: 3492: 3488: 3462: 3458: 3449: 3447: 3439: 3438: 3434: 3425: 3424: 3420: 3411: 3409: 3391: 3387: 3377: 3375: 3363: 3359: 3351: 3347: 3337: 3335: 3315: 3311: 3298: 3297: 3293: 3284: 3283: 3279: 3265: 3261: 3252: 3250: 3242: 3241: 3237: 3228: 3226: 3218: 3217: 3213: 3204: 3202: 3193: 3192: 3188: 3179: 3177: 3172: 3171: 3167: 3157: 3155: 3148: 3132: 3128: 3118: 3116: 3111: 3110: 3106: 3097: 3095: 3087: 3086: 3082: 3066: 3065: 3059: 3057: 3047: 3043: 3027: 3026: 3020: 3018: 3008: 3004: 2991: 2990: 2986: 2979: 2963: 2959: 2946: 2945: 2941: 2924: 2920: 2911: 2909: 2901: 2900: 2896: 2873: 2857: 2853: 2848:. June 9, 2024. 2840: 2839: 2835: 2822: 2818: 2804: 2800: 2791: 2790: 2786: 2777: 2776: 2772: 2755: 2751: 2739: 2733: 2729: 2716: 2715: 2711: 2702: 2701: 2697: 2688: 2687: 2683: 2674: 2673: 2669: 2660: 2659: 2655: 2642: 2641: 2637: 2628: 2627: 2623: 2609: 2602: 2593: 2592: 2588: 2569: 2565: 2560:. July 1, 1998. 2552: 2551: 2547: 2532: 2528: 2516: 2512: 2503: 2502: 2498: 2491:Chicago Tribune 2485: 2484: 2480: 2471: 2470: 2466: 2458: 2454: 2453: 2449: 2438: 2434: 2426: 2422: 2421: 2417: 2409: 2405: 2404: 2400: 2391: 2390: 2386: 2377: 2376: 2372: 2363: 2362: 2358: 2349: 2348: 2341: 2332: 2331: 2327: 2317: 2315: 2310: 2309: 2302: 2293: 2291: 2286: 2285: 2281: 2272: 2270: 2263: 2259: 2250: 2248: 2243: 2242: 2238: 2222: 2221: 2215: 2213: 2209: 2202: 2200:"Archived copy" 2198: 2197: 2193: 2178: 2171: 2170: 2095: 2084: 2080: 2075: 2061: 2059:Further reading 2049: 2029: 2027: 2011: 2009: 1993: 1991: 1975: 1973: 1953: 1951: 1935: 1933: 1930: 1922:Washington Post 1918: 1886:Don't wait for 1876:and go farther. 1839: 1756:Hidehiko Yuzaki 1741:Michael Douglas 1711:Henry Kissinger 1653: 1567: 1562: 1524:Manchurian toad 1488: 1474:failure of the 1432: 1416: 1294: 1292:The Middle East 1288:'s government. 1214: 1157: 1046: 991: 947:nuclear weapons 939: 891: 854: 819:Lockheed Martin 815:Martin Marietta 791: 694: 656:, 1994–95, and 638: 614: 569: 537: 493: 430: 416:(1997) and the 354: 331: 299: 258:Political party 249: 246: 240: 238: 237: 236: 212: 200: 184: 179: 160: 148: 132: 127: 107: 95: 87: 65: 60: 43: 31: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5367: 5357: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5266: 5261: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5219: 5218: 5215: 5214: 5208: 5205: 5204: 5202: 5201: 5195: 5192:Erskine Bowles 5189: 5183: 5176: 5174: 5168: 5167: 5165: 5164: 5158: 5151: 5149: 5143: 5142: 5140: 5139: 5136:James Lee Witt 5132: 5130: 5124: 5123: 5121: 5120: 5114: 5107: 5105: 5099: 5098: 5096: 5095: 5089: 5083: 5077: 5070: 5068: 5062: 5061: 5059: 5058: 5052: 5046: 5039: 5037: 5031: 5030: 5028: 5027: 5021: 5014: 5012: 5006: 5005: 5003: 5002: 4996: 4993:John M. Deutch 4989: 4987: 4981: 4980: 4978: 4977: 4971: 4965: 4959: 4952: 4950: 4944: 4943: 4941: 4940: 4933: 4931: 4925: 4924: 4914: 4913: 4910: 4909: 4907: 4906: 4900: 4893: 4891: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4881: 4874: 4872: 4866: 4865: 4863: 4862: 4856: 4850: 4843: 4841: 4835: 4834: 4832: 4831: 4825: 4818: 4816: 4810: 4809: 4807: 4806: 4800: 4797:Henry Cisneros 4793: 4791: 4785: 4784: 4782: 4781: 4774: 4772: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4762: 4756: 4749: 4747: 4741: 4740: 4738: 4737: 4731: 4725: 4719: 4712: 4710: 4704: 4703: 4701: 4700: 4694: 4687: 4685: 4679: 4678: 4676: 4675: 4668: 4666: 4660: 4659: 4657: 4656: 4649: 4647: 4641: 4640: 4638: 4637: 4631: 4625: 4618: 4616: 4610: 4609: 4607: 4606: 4600: 4594: 4587: 4585: 4579: 4578: 4576: 4575: 4569: 4562: 4560: 4554: 4553: 4546: 4544: 4542: 4541: 4540: 4539: 4527: 4525: 4523:Vice President 4519: 4518: 4508: 4507: 4492: 4491: 4484: 4477: 4469: 4460: 4459: 4452: 4450: 4448: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4412: 4407: 4402: 4397: 4392: 4387: 4382: 4377: 4372: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4271: 4269: 4262: 4259: 4258: 4251: 4250: 4243: 4236: 4228: 4219: 4218: 4211: 4209: 4207: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4176: 4171: 4166: 4161: 4156: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4121: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4101: 4096: 4091: 4086: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4065: 4063: 4056: 4053: 4052: 4045: 4044: 4037: 4030: 4022: 4013: 4012: 4010: 4009: 4004: 3998: 3996: 3993:Resigned prior 3990: 3989: 3987: 3986: 3981: 3976: 3971: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3945: 3943: 3939: 3938: 3936: 3935: 3929: 3922: 3920: 3916: 3915: 3908: 3907: 3900: 3893: 3885: 3877: 3876: 3864: 3861: 3848: 3836: 3832: 3831: 3824: 3823: 3818: 3815: 3807:Served under: 3799: 3794: 3790: 3789: 3786:John M. Deutch 3784: 3781: 3772: 3767: 3763: 3762: 3758: 3757: 3752: 3749: 3740: 3735: 3731: 3730: 3724: 3723: 3717: 3708: 3701: 3700:External links 3698: 3697: 3696: 3687: 3677: 3651: 3648: 3645: 3644: 3631: 3619: 3602: 3576: 3567: 3558: 3549: 3540: 3531: 3522: 3513: 3504: 3495: 3486: 3473:BenBella Books 3456: 3432: 3418: 3385: 3372:New York Times 3357: 3345: 3309: 3291: 3277: 3272:2012-12-19 at 3259: 3235: 3211: 3186: 3165: 3146: 3126: 3104: 3080: 3041: 3002: 2997:New York Times 2984: 2977: 2957: 2939: 2936:. p. all. 2918: 2894: 2871: 2851: 2833: 2823:Perry, W. J., 2816: 2798: 2784: 2770: 2749: 2727: 2722:New York Times 2709: 2695: 2681: 2667: 2653: 2635: 2621: 2600: 2586: 2563: 2545: 2526: 2510: 2496: 2478: 2464: 2447: 2432: 2415: 2398: 2384: 2370: 2356: 2339: 2325: 2300: 2279: 2257: 2236: 2191: 2093: 2077: 2076: 2074: 2071: 2070: 2069: 2060: 2057: 2056: 2055: 2048: 2045: 2044: 2043: 2025: 2007: 2000:United Kingdom 1989: 1971: 1949: 1929: 1926: 1917: 1914: 1913: 1912: 1905: 1902: 1891: 1884: 1877: 1870: 1863: 1857: 1854: 1838: 1835: 1791:New York Times 1739:, narrated by 1652: 1649: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1530:Shortly after 1487: 1484: 1472:foreign policy 1431: 1428: 1415: 1412: 1404:U.S. Air Force 1306:Saddam Hussein 1302:Ba'athist Iraq 1293: 1290: 1273:heavy fuel oil 1213: 1210: 1156: 1155:Haitian Crisis 1153: 1123:, Bosnia, and 1069:Bosnian Muslim 1045: 1042: 1030:Okinawa, Japan 990: 987: 949:. He used the 938: 935: 890: 887: 858:foreign policy 853: 850: 790: 787: 727:Aegis cruisers 706:Defense budget 693: 692:Defense budget 690: 654:John M. Deutch 637: 634: 613: 610: 568: 565: 553:AirLand Battle 536: 533: 492: 489: 429: 426: 363: 362: 359: 358: 349: 345: 344: 341:2nd Lieutenant 338: 334: 333: 328: 324: 323: 318: 317:Branch/service 314: 313: 309: 308: 285: 281: 280: 277: 273: 272: 269: 265: 264: 259: 255: 254: 234: 232: 228: 227: 223: 222: 219: 218: 215: 209: 208: 203: 197: 196: 191: 187: 186: 176: 175: 169: 168: 166:John M. Deutch 163: 157: 156: 151: 145: 144: 139: 135: 134: 124: 123: 116: 115: 110: 104: 103: 98: 92: 91: 85:John M. Deutch 82: 78: 77: 72: 68: 67: 57: 56: 49: 48: 45: 44: 41: 33: 32: 29: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5366: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5239:Living people 5237: 5235: 5232: 5231: 5229: 5212: 5206: 5199: 5196: 5193: 5190: 5187: 5184: 5181: 5178: 5177: 5175: 5173: 5169: 5162: 5159: 5156: 5153: 5152: 5150: 5148: 5144: 5137: 5134: 5133: 5131: 5129: 5125: 5118: 5115: 5112: 5109: 5108: 5106: 5104: 5100: 5093: 5090: 5087: 5084: 5081: 5078: 5075: 5072: 5071: 5069: 5067: 5063: 5056: 5053: 5050: 5047: 5044: 5041: 5040: 5038: 5036: 5032: 5025: 5022: 5019: 5018:Mickey Kantor 5016: 5015: 5013: 5011: 5007: 5000: 4997: 4994: 4991: 4990: 4988: 4986: 4982: 4975: 4972: 4969: 4966: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4954: 4953: 4951: 4949: 4945: 4938: 4937:Carol Browner 4935: 4934: 4932: 4930: 4926: 4922:Cabinet-level 4919: 4915: 4904: 4901: 4898: 4895: 4894: 4892: 4890: 4886: 4879: 4878:Richard Riley 4876: 4875: 4873: 4871: 4867: 4860: 4857: 4854: 4853:Federico Peña 4851: 4848: 4845: 4844: 4842: 4840: 4836: 4829: 4826: 4823: 4822:Federico Peña 4820: 4819: 4817: 4815: 4811: 4804: 4801: 4798: 4795: 4794: 4792: 4790: 4786: 4779: 4778:Donna Shalala 4776: 4775: 4773: 4771: 4767: 4760: 4759:Alexis Herman 4757: 4754: 4751: 4750: 4748: 4746: 4742: 4735: 4734:Norman Mineta 4732: 4729: 4726: 4723: 4722:Mickey Kantor 4720: 4717: 4714: 4713: 4711: 4709: 4705: 4698: 4695: 4692: 4689: 4688: 4686: 4684: 4680: 4673: 4672:Bruce Babbitt 4670: 4669: 4667: 4665: 4661: 4654: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4646: 4642: 4635: 4634:William Cohen 4632: 4629: 4626: 4623: 4620: 4619: 4617: 4615: 4611: 4604: 4601: 4598: 4595: 4592: 4591:Lloyd Bentsen 4589: 4588: 4586: 4584: 4580: 4573: 4570: 4567: 4564: 4563: 4561: 4559: 4555: 4538: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4528: 4526: 4524: 4520: 4513: 4509: 4504: 4501: 4497: 4490: 4485: 4483: 4478: 4476: 4471: 4470: 4467: 4456: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4398: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4272: 4266: 4260: 4256: 4249: 4244: 4242: 4237: 4235: 4230: 4229: 4226: 4215: 4205: 4202: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4192: 4190: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4170: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4160: 4157: 4155: 4152: 4150: 4147: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4066: 4060: 4054: 4050: 4043: 4038: 4036: 4031: 4029: 4024: 4023: 4020: 4008: 4007:Rudy Giuliani 4005: 4003: 4000: 3999: 3997: 3991: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3969:William Perry 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3949:Vernon Jordan 3947: 3946: 3944: 3940: 3933: 3930: 3927: 3924: 3923: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3906: 3901: 3899: 3894: 3892: 3887: 3886: 3883: 3874: 3873: 3867: 3860: 3859: 3853: 3846: 3845: 3839: 3833: 3830:(ceremonial) 3829: 3825: 3821: 3820:William Cohen 3812: 3810: 3804: 3797: 3791: 3787: 3778: 3777: 3770: 3764: 3759: 3755: 3746: 3745: 3738: 3732: 3727: 3721: 3718: 3716: 3712: 3709: 3707: 3704: 3703: 3695: 3691: 3688: 3685: 3681: 3680:DoD biography 3678: 3674: 3670: 3669: 3663: 3654: 3653: 3641: 3635: 3628: 3623: 3616: 3611: 3609: 3607: 3590: 3586: 3580: 3571: 3562: 3553: 3544: 3535: 3526: 3517: 3508: 3499: 3490: 3482: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3466: 3465:William Perry 3460: 3446: 3442: 3436: 3429:. 2016-09-27. 3428: 3422: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3389: 3378:September 30, 3374: 3373: 3368: 3361: 3355: 3349: 3333: 3329: 3328: 3323: 3319: 3313: 3305: 3301: 3295: 3287: 3281: 3275: 3274:archive.today 3271: 3268: 3263: 3249: 3245: 3239: 3225: 3221: 3215: 3201:. 3 June 2006 3200: 3196: 3190: 3175: 3169: 3153: 3149: 3143: 3139: 3138: 3130: 3114: 3108: 3094: 3090: 3084: 3076: 3070: 3056: 3052: 3045: 3037: 3031: 3017: 3013: 3006: 2998: 2994: 2988: 2980: 2978:9780760320877 2974: 2970: 2969: 2961: 2953: 2949: 2943: 2935: 2934: 2929: 2922: 2908: 2904: 2898: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2868: 2864: 2863: 2855: 2847: 2846:247wallst.com 2843: 2837: 2830: 2826: 2820: 2813: 2812: 2807: 2802: 2794: 2788: 2780: 2774: 2766: 2765: 2764:Seattle Times 2760: 2753: 2745: 2738: 2731: 2723: 2719: 2713: 2705: 2699: 2691: 2685: 2677: 2671: 2663: 2657: 2649: 2645: 2639: 2631: 2625: 2618: 2617: 2612: 2607: 2605: 2597:. March 2023. 2596: 2590: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2567: 2559: 2555: 2549: 2541: 2537: 2530: 2523: 2519: 2514: 2506: 2500: 2492: 2488: 2482: 2474: 2468: 2457: 2451: 2443: 2436: 2425: 2419: 2408: 2402: 2394: 2388: 2380: 2374: 2366: 2360: 2352: 2346: 2344: 2335: 2329: 2313: 2307: 2305: 2289: 2283: 2268: 2261: 2246: 2240: 2232: 2226: 2212:on 2011-05-16 2208: 2201: 2195: 2189: 2187: 2174: 2168: 2166: 2164: 2162: 2160: 2158: 2156: 2154: 2152: 2150: 2148: 2146: 2144: 2142: 2140: 2138: 2136: 2134: 2132: 2130: 2128: 2126: 2124: 2122: 2120: 2118: 2116: 2114: 2112: 2110: 2108: 2106: 2104: 2102: 2100: 2098: 2089: 2082: 2078: 2067: 2063: 2062: 2054: 2051: 2050: 2041: 2037: 2026: 2023: 2019: 2008: 2005: 2001: 1990: 1987: 1983: 1972: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1950: 1947: 1943: 1942:United States 1932: 1931: 1925: 1923: 1910: 1906: 1903: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1889: 1885: 1882: 1878: 1875: 1871: 1868: 1864: 1861: 1858: 1855: 1852: 1851: 1850: 1848: 1844: 1834: 1832: 1828: 1823: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1807: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1792: 1786: 1784: 1780: 1775: 1773: 1767: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1752: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1721: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1700: 1695: 1691: 1689: 1684: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1648: 1646: 1642: 1637: 1635: 1630: 1628: 1623: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1608: 1606: 1602: 1597: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1578: 1574: 1572: 1571:San Francisco 1557: 1553: 1550: 1546: 1540: 1537: 1533: 1528: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1494:brigade in a 1493: 1483: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1427: 1424: 1420: 1411: 1409: 1406:personnel in 1405: 1401: 1400:Khobar Towers 1397: 1392: 1390: 1385: 1379: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1338:36th parallel 1335: 1331: 1327: 1324:and south of 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1289: 1287: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1249: 1247: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1209: 1207: 1203: 1202: 1197: 1192: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1152: 1150: 1144: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1117: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1102:United States 1098: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1076: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1055: 1051: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1026: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 986: 984: 980: 976: 972: 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 948: 944: 934: 932: 927: 926:Pavel Grachev 923: 920: 916: 912: 904: 900: 899:Kenneth Bacon 895: 886: 884: 880: 876: 871: 867: 863: 859: 849: 847: 843: 839: 834: 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 807: 803: 800: 795: 786: 783: 778: 774: 770: 767: 762: 758: 753: 750: 745: 743: 739: 734: 732: 728: 724: 720: 715: 712: 707: 698: 689: 686: 683: 680:efforts, the 679: 675: 670: 667:. During the 666: 661: 659: 658:John P. White 655: 650: 645: 643: 633: 630: 625: 623: 619: 609: 607: 603: 598: 596: 592: 591:Ronald Reagan 587: 585: 582: 581:San Francisco 578: 574: 564: 562: 558: 554: 550: 546: 542: 532: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 510: 506: 502: 498: 488: 486: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 461: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 425: 423: 419: 415: 411: 407: 402: 400: 396: 392: 387: 386:(1977–1981). 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 360: 357: 353: 350: 346: 342: 339: 335: 329: 325: 322: 319: 315: 310: 306: 302: 297: 293: 289: 286: 282: 278: 274: 270: 266: 263: 260: 256: 252: 247:(age 96) 233: 229: 224: 220: 216: 210: 207: 204: 198: 195: 192: 188: 182: 177: 174: 170: 167: 164: 158: 155: 152: 146: 143: 140: 136: 130: 125: 122: 117: 114: 113:William Cohen 111: 105: 102: 99: 93: 90: 89:John P. White 86: 83: 79: 76: 73: 69: 63: 58: 55: 50: 46: 39: 34: 30:William Perry 27: 22: 5210: 5198:John Podesta 5186:Leon Panetta 5180:Mack McLarty 5155:Lee P. Brown 5138:(1993–2001)* 5117:Aida Álvarez 5111:Philip Lader 5086:Janet Yellen 4999:George Tenet 4962:Alice Rivlin 4956:Leon Panetta 4803:Andrew Cuomo 4753:Robert Reich 4697:Dan Glickman 4627: 4597:Robert Rubin 4533:(1993–2001) 4503:Bill Clinton 4384: 4158: 4002:Robert Gates 3979:Alan Simpson 3968: 3964:Leon Panetta 3871: 3870: 3866:Robert Rubin 3855: 3850: 3843: 3842: 3809:Bill Clinton 3801: 3774: 3742: 3667: 3634: 3622: 3593:. Retrieved 3588: 3579: 3570: 3565:pp. 217-218. 3561: 3556:pp. 216-217. 3552: 3543: 3538:pp. 214-215. 3534: 3525: 3520:pp. 210-213. 3516: 3507: 3502:pp. 209-210. 3498: 3493:pp. 208-209. 3489: 3468: 3464: 3459: 3448:. Retrieved 3445:WNYC Studios 3444: 3435: 3421: 3410:. Retrieved 3398: 3388: 3376:. Retrieved 3370: 3360: 3348: 3336:. Retrieved 3331: 3325: 3312: 3303: 3294: 3280: 3262: 3251:. Retrieved 3247: 3238: 3227:. Retrieved 3223: 3214: 3203:. Retrieved 3198: 3189: 3178:. Retrieved 3168: 3156:. Retrieved 3136: 3129: 3117:. Retrieved 3107: 3096:. 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Retrieved 2207:the original 2194: 2183: 2087: 2081: 1921: 1919: 1846: 1840: 1824: 1819:Donald Trump 1808: 1789: 1787: 1778: 1776: 1768: 1763: 1753: 1737:Colin Powell 1724: 1718: 1704: 1685: 1668: 1654: 1638: 1633: 1631: 1624: 1609: 1598: 1583: 1568: 1560:Later career 1554: 1541: 1529: 1489: 1433: 1423:U.S. Marines 1417: 1393: 1380: 1362: 1318:no-fly zones 1298:Persian Gulf 1295: 1250: 1246:Jimmy Carter 1215: 1199: 1196:Jimmy Carter 1193: 1177:Raoul Cédras 1158: 1145: 1129:Dayton, Ohio 1118: 1077: 1054:Bosnian Serb 1047: 1027: 1015:human rights 992: 940: 908: 865: 855: 835: 808: 804: 796: 792: 779: 775: 771: 754: 746: 735: 716: 703: 674:Soviet Union 662: 646: 639: 626: 622:Bill Clinton 615: 599: 588: 573:the Pentagon 570: 541:Jimmy Carter 538: 494: 491:Early career 462: 431: 403: 388: 376:Bill Clinton 367: 366: 213:Succeeded by 194:Jimmy Carter 180: 161:Succeeded by 142:Bill Clinton 128: 108:Succeeded by 75:Bill Clinton 61: 5234:1927 births 5200:(1998–2001) 5194:(1997–1998) 5188:(1994–1997) 5182:(1993–1994) 5163:(1996–2001) 5157:(1993–1996) 5119:(1997–2001) 5113:(1994–1997) 5094:(1999–2001) 5088:(1997–1999) 5082:(1995–1997) 5076:(1993–1995) 5074:Laura Tyson 5057:(1999–2001) 5051:(1997–1998) 5045:(1993–1997) 5026:(1996–2001) 5020:(1993–1996) 5001:(1996–2001) 4995:(1995–1996) 4976:(1998–2001) 4970:(1996–1998) 4964:(1994–1996) 4958:(1993–1994) 4939:(1993–2001) 4905:(1998–2000) 4899:(1993–1997) 4897:Jesse Brown 4880:(1993–2001) 4861:(1998–2001) 4855:(1997–1998) 4849:(1993–1997) 4830:(1997–2001) 4824:(1993–1997) 4805:(1997–2001) 4799:(1993–1997) 4780:(1993–2001) 4761:(1997–2001) 4755:(1993–1997) 4736:(2000–2001) 4730:(1997–2000) 4724:(1996–1997) 4718:(1993–1996) 4699:(1995–2001) 4693:(1993–1994) 4674:(1993–2001) 4655:(1993–2001) 4636:(1997–2001) 4630:(1994–1997) 4624:(1993–1994) 4605:(1999–2001) 4599:(1995–1999) 4593:(1993–1994) 4574:(1997–2001) 4568:(1993–1997) 4505:(1993–2001) 4124:Schlesinger 3954:Edwin Meese 3926:James Baker 3711:Appearances 3638:Spoke.com: 3547:pp.215-216. 3529:pp 213-214. 3318:Jerry Brown 2583:(3): 52–58. 1895:North Korea 1865:Retire all 1539:missions." 1286:Kim Jong Il 1261:South Korea 1221:Kim Il Sung 1217:North Korea 1212:North Korea 1085:Bosnian War 1081:White House 1044:Bosnian War 931:Warsaw Pact 922:democracies 571:On leaving 481:mathematics 467:(1949) and 201:Preceded by 149:Preceded by 96:Preceded by 21:W. 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Perry 5228:Categories 4653:Janet Reno 4139:Weinberger 4119:Richardson 3974:Chuck Robb 3934:(co-chair) 3928:(co-chair) 3595:January 3, 3574:pp. 218ff. 3481:Q102046116 3450:2021-03-31 3412:2020-10-28 3253:2021-02-25 3229:2023-03-30 3205:2021-02-25 3180:2015-10-12 3119:January 9, 3098:2021-02-25 3060:2021-02-25 3021:2021-02-25 2912:2022-05-17 2889:1244862785 2881:2012009517 2429:. whs.mil. 2294:2018-08-28 2273:2022-03-19 2251:2018-08-28 2216:2017-02-07 2073:References 1520:parliament 1396:truck bomb 983:State Duma 963:Kazakhstan 862:Washington 829:purchased 729:, and six 567:Mid-career 509:California 428:Early life 343:(Reserves) 262:Democratic 241:1927-10-11 4716:Ron Brown 4691:Mike Espy 4622:Les Aspin 4500:President 4410:Wolfowitz 4350:Ellsworth 4320:Gilpatric 4300:Robertson 4069:Forrestal 3796:Les Aspin 3640:Perry bio 3615:Perry bio 3407:0362-4331 1909:president 1874:New START 1815:Ed Markey 1699:Stockholm 1512:Louisiana 1496:U.S. Army 1444:civil war 1269:plutonium 883:Argentina 866:Economist 711:Les Aspin 642:Les Aspin 629:Les Aspin 487:in 1957. 284:Education 190:President 181:In office 138:President 129:In office 101:Les Aspin 71:President 62:In office 4974:Jack Lew 4440:Norquist 4435:Shanahan 4365:Carlucci 4345:Clements 4295:Anderson 4174:R. Gates 4169:Rumsfeld 4144:Carlucci 4129:Rumsfeld 4109:Clifford 4104:McNamara 4099:T. Gates 4079:Marshall 3477:Wikidata 3338:July 18, 3270:Archived 3158:June 20, 3152:Archived 3115:. Xyleco 3069:cite web 3030:cite web 2225:cite web 2047:See also 1888:treaties 1829:episode 1827:Radiolab 1811:Ted Lieu 1715:Sam Nunn 1669:Bulletin 1636:(1998). 1620:Theranos 1545:START II 1536:partisan 1504:Missouri 1310:Gulf War 1201:de facto 1181:refugees 1089:Bob Dole 1071:city of 979:START II 875:Americas 725:, three 669:Cold War 501:Sylvania 456:through 432:Born in 276:Children 4531:Al Gore 4516:Cabinet 4496:Cabinet 4415:England 4405:de Leon 4360:Claytor 4335:Packard 4315:Douglas 4305:Quarles 4179:Panetta 4094:McElroy 4074:Johnson 3942:Members 3692:at the 3682:at the 3650:Sources 2247:. 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The 1114:Russia 1112:, and 1106:France 1050:Bosnia 975:Russia 961:, and 943:Moscow 937:Russia 905:, 1995 903:Europe 475:and a 268:Spouse 253:, U.S. 81:Deputy 4445:Hicks 4400:Hamre 4395:White 4385:Perry 4330:Nitze 4325:Vance 4310:Gates 4275:Early 4199:Esper 4184:Hagel 4164:Cohen 4159:Perry 4154:Aspin 4134:Brown 4114:Laird 3664:from 2740:(PDF) 2459:(PDF) 2427:(PDF) 2410:(PDF) 2210:(PDF) 2203:(PDF) 2018:Japan 1988:1998. 1872:Save 1867:ICBMs 1837:Books 1831:Nukes 1456:Zaire 1452:Tutsi 1328:. In 1241:F-117 1165:junta 1161:Haïti 1133:Paris 1059:were 1007:Japan 483:from 477:Ph.D. 422:Japan 119:23rd 52:19th 4430:Work 4420:Lynn 4375:Taft 4340:Rush 4290:Kyes 3597:2021 3403:ISSN 3380:2016 3340:2016 3334:(12) 3160:2018 3142:ISBN 3121:2019 3075:link 3036:link 2973:ISBN 2885:OCLC 2877:LCCN 2867:ISBN 2320:2017 2231:link 1899:Iran 1897:and 1709:and 1450:and 1448:Hutu 1442:. A 1364:Iran 1334:F-15 1275:for 1189:Cuba 1005:and 995:Asia 989:Asia 889:NATO 813:and 749:veto 682:NATO 579:, a 469:M.A. 465:B.S. 458:ROTC 348:Unit 337:Rank 231:Born 4498:of 3713:on 2952:PBS 1603:by 1502:in 1326:32° 1322:36° 1187:in 993:In 676:), 507:in 505:GTE 499:of 479:in 397:'s 305:PhD 5230:: 5209:* 3671:. 3605:^ 3587:. 3475:, 3471:, 3443:. 3401:. 3397:. 3369:. 3332:63 3330:. 3324:. 3302:. 3246:. 3222:. 3197:. 3150:. 3091:. 3071:}} 3067:{{ 3053:. 3032:}} 3028:{{ 3014:. 2995:. 2950:. 2930:. 2905:. 2883:. 2875:. 2844:. 2808:, 2761:. 2742:. 2720:. 2646:. 2613:. 2603:^ 2581:98 2579:. 2575:. 2556:. 2538:. 2520:, 2489:. 2342:^ 2303:^ 2227:}} 2223:{{ 2096:^ 2038:: 2020:: 2002:: 1984:: 1962:: 1944:: 1774:. 1766:. 1751:. 1647:. 1629:. 1607:. 1596:. 1482:. 1191:. 1108:, 1104:, 1065:UN 957:, 833:. 719:FY 608:. 597:. 563:. 531:. 521:Rf 424:. 296:MA 294:, 292:BA 243:) 4488:e 4481:t 4474:v 4247:e 4240:t 4233:v 4041:e 4034:t 4027:v 3904:e 3897:t 3890:v 3675:. 3642:. 3629:. 3617:. 3599:. 3484:. 3453:. 3415:. 3382:. 3342:. 3306:. 3288:. 3256:. 3232:. 3208:. 3183:. 3162:. 3123:. 3101:. 3077:) 3063:. 3038:) 3024:. 2981:. 2954:. 2915:. 2891:. 2767:. 2746:. 2542:. 2322:. 2297:. 2276:. 2254:. 2233:) 2219:. 2188:. 2042:. 1970:. 1911:. 1901:. 1890:. 1883:. 1862:. 652:( 503:/ 307:) 303:( 298:) 290:( 279:5 239:( 23:.

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