455:"We believe that Christ is truly present in the Lord’s Supper; yea, we believe that there is no communion without the presence of Christ. This is the proof: 'Where two or three are gathered together in my name, there am I in the midst of them' (Matt. 18:20). How much more is he present where the whole congregation is assembled to his honor! But that his body is literally eaten is far from the truth and the nature of faith. It is contrary to the truth, because he himself says: 'I am no more in the world' (John 17:11), and 'The flesh profiteth nothing' (John 6:63), that is to eat, as the Jews then believed and the Papists still believe. It is contrary to the nature of faith (I mean the holy and true faith), because faith embraces love, fear of God, and reverence, which abhor such carnal and gross eating, as much as any one would shrink from eating his beloved son.… We believe that the true body of Christ is eaten in the communion in a sacramental and spiritual manner by the religious, believing, and pious heart (as also St. Chrysostom taught). And this is in brief the substance of what we maintain in this controversy, and what not we, but the truth itself teaches."
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faith is from God, for those whom God has chosen. Zwingli also appealed to several passages of scripture with John 6:63 in particular. He saw Luther's view as denying Christ's humanity and asserted that Christ's body is only at one place and that is at the right hand of God. The
Marburg Colloquy did not produce anything new in the debate between the two reformers. Neither changed his position, but it did produce some further developments in Zwingli's views. For example, he noted that the bread was not mere bread and affirmed terms such as "presence", "true", and "sacramental". However, it was Zwingli's and Luther's differences in their understanding of faith, their
526:(1529), Zwingli noted that there were three kinds of governments: monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy. He expressed his preference for aristocracy which is not surprising given his experience with the Zürich council. In the publication, rather than comparing the three forms of government, he gave a defence of aristocracy against a monarchy. He argued that a monarchy would invariably descend to tyranny. A monarchy had inherent weaknesses in that a good ruler could be easily replaced by a bad one or a single ruler could be easily corrupted. An aristocracy with more people involved did not have these disadvantages.
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369:(Honius), for first suggesting the "is" in the institution words "This is my body" meant "signifies". Hoen sent a letter to Zwingli in 1524 with this interpretation along with biblical examples to support it. It is impossible to say how the letter affected Zwingli's theology although Zwingli claimed that he already held the symbolic view when he read the letter. He first mentioned the "signifies" interpretation in a letter to
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194:. To him, these authorities were based on man and liable to error. He noted that "the fathers must yield to the word of God and not the word of God to the fathers". His insistence of using the word of God did not preclude him from using the councils or the church fathers in his arguments. He gave them no independent authority, but he used them to show that the views he held were not simply his own.
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Zwingli responded by noting that kind of argument would imply women should not participate in communion because there were no women at the last supper. Although there was no commandment to baptise children specifically, the need for baptism was clearly stated in scripture. In a separate discussion on original sin, Zwingli denies original guilt. He refers to
420:(1528). They examined Luther's point-of-view rather than systematically presenting Zwingli's own. Some of his comments were sharp and critical, although they were never as harsh and dismissive as some of Luther's on him. However, Zwingli also called Luther "one of the first champions of the Gospel", a David against
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Zwingli believed that the state governed with divine sanction. He believed that both the church and the state are placed under the sovereign rule of God. Christians were obliged to obey the government, but civil disobedience was allowed if the authorities acted against the will of God. He described a
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As government was ordained by God, Christians were obliged to obey in
Zwingli's view. This requirement applied equally to a good or an evil government because both came from God. However, it is because rulers are to be servants of God and that Christians obey the rulers as they are to obey God, that
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where young Swiss citizens were sent to fight in foreign wars for the financial benefit of the state government. His life as a parish priest and an army chaplain helped to develop his concern for morality and justice. He saw his ministry not limited to a private sphere, but to the people as a whole.
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and were able to live without sin were the only persons qualified to partake in baptism. At the same time he asserted that rebaptism had no support in scripture. The
Anabaptists raised the objection that Christ did not baptise children, and so Christians, likewise, should not baptise their children.
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The main issue for
Zwingli is that Luther puts "the chief point of salvation in the bodily eating of the body of Christ". Luther saw the action as strengthening faith and remitting sins. This, however, conflicted with Zwingli's view of faith. The bodily presence of Christ could not produce faith as
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The relationship between preacher and magistrate was demonstrated by two forms of righteousness, human and divine. Human righteousness (or the "outward man") was the domain of the magistrate or government. Government could secure human righteousness, but it could not make man righteous before God.
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The Zürich council played an essential role at each stage of the
Reformation. Even before the Reformation, the council operated relatively independently on church matters although the areas of doctrine and worship were left to the authority of the ecclesiastical hierarchy. As Zwingli was convinced
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was a key center of controversy in the
Reformation as it not only focused differences between the reformers and the church but also between themselves. For Zwingli it was a matter of attacking a doctrine that imperiled the understanding and reception of God's gift of salvation, while for Luther it
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His later writings show no change in his fundamental positions. Other elements in
Zwingli's theology would lead him to deny that baptism is a means of grace or that it is necessary for salvation. His defence of infant baptism was not only a matter of church politics, but was clearly related to the
276:, Zwingli outlined his disagreements with both the Catholic and the Anabaptist positions. He accused the Anabaptists of adding to the word of God and noted that there is no law forbidding infant baptism. He challenged Catholics by denying that the water of baptism can have the power to wash away
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from travelling into any other canton. The work of the
Reformation was endangered by the potential outbreak of religious and social disorder. Zwingli saw the need to present the government in a positive light to safeguard the continued preaching of the Gospel. He stated,
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was a matter of defending a doctrine that embodied that gift. It is not known what
Zwingli's eucharistic theology was before he became a reformer and there is disagreement among scholars about his views during his first few years as a priest. In the eighteenth article of
280:. Zwingli understood baptism to be a pledge or a promise, but he disputed the Anabaptist position that it is a pledge to live without sin, noting that such a pledge brings back the hypocrisy of legalism. He argued against their view that those that received the
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that doctrinal matters had to conform to the word of God rather than the hierarchy, he recognised the role of the council as the only body with power to act if the religious authorities refused to undertake reform. His theocratic views are best expressed in
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7:12–14 which states that the children of one
Christian parent are holy and thus they are counted among the sons of God. Infants should be baptised because there is only one church and one baptism, not a partial church and partial baptism.
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The children of Christians are no less sons of God than the parents, just as in the Old Testament. Hence, since they are sons of God, who will forbid this baptism? Circumcision among the ancients ... was the same as baptism with us.
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For him, the church and state are one under the sovereign rule of God. The development of the complex relationship between church and state in Zwingli's view can only be understood by examining the context of his life, the city of
301:'s position on baptism. The second part where Zwingli defends his own views demonstrates further development in his doctrine of baptism. Rather than baptism being simply a pledge, he describes baptism as a sign of our
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the situation could arise when Christians may disobey. When the authorities act against the will of God then Zwingli noted, "We must obey God rather than men." God's commands took precedence over man's.
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is the author, was taken for granted by Zwingli. His view of inspiration was not mechanical and he recognized the human element in his commentaries as he noted the differences in the canonical
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506:(1523) in that both preacher and prince were servants under the rule of God. The context surrounding these two publications was a period of considerable tension. Zwingli was banned by the
385:'s understanding of the significance of faith, but rejected Karlstadt's view that the word "this" refers to Christ's body rather than the bread. Using other biblical passages and
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249:. In October 1523, the controversy over the issue broke out during the second Zürich disputation and Zwingli vigorously defended the need for infant baptism and his belief that
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liturgy, he laid out the details of his theology where he argues against the view that the bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ and that they are eaten bodily.
131:, he agreed that the bread and wine of the institution signify and do not literally become the body and blood of Jesus Christ. Zwingli's differences of opinion on this with
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The conflict between Zwingli and Luther began in 1525, but it was not until 1527 that Zwingli engaged directly with Luther. The culmination of the controversy was the
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837:(1878). The Creeds of Christendom, with a History and Critical Notes: The History of Creeds (Vol. 1, p. 375). New York: Harper & Brothers, Publishers.
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171:(1522). He believed that man is a liar and only God is the truth. For him scripture, as God's word, brings light when there is only darkness of error.
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354:(1523) which concerns the sacrifice of the mass, he states that it is a memorial of the sacrifice. He expounds on this in
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The Latin Works and the Correspondence of Huldreich Zwingli, Together with Selections from his German Works
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That was the domain of the preacher where the "inward man" is called to account for divine righteousness.
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Near the end of his life Zwingli summarized his understanding of the Eucharist in a confession sent to
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65:. He also recognised the human element within the inspiration, noting the differences in the canonical
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was the sign of God's covenant with Abraham, baptism was the sign of his covenant with Christians. In
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most likely influenced Zwingli as they were concerned with reconciliation of the eucharistic views.
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highly, and also did not accept a "canon within the canon", but he did accept scripture as a whole.
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6:63, "It is the Spirit who gives life, the flesh is of no avail", as support. He commended
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489:(1516), reveal a patriotic love of his land, a longing for liberty, and opposition to the
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Statue of Zwingli in Zürich where he holds the Bible in one hand and a sword in the other.
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Analecta Reformatoria: Dokumente und Abhandlungen zur Geschichte Zwinglis und seiner Zeit
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with God. Furthermore, he associates this covenant with the covenant that God made with
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Theological view that considered scripture a higher authority than the church fathers
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opponents in order to counter their appeal to the church—which included the
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Older German / Latin editions of Zwingli's works available online include:
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See also the following English translations of selected works by Zwingli:
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Cornelius Henrici Hoen (Honius) and His Epistle on the Eucharist (1525)
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whole of his theology and his profound sense of unity of the church.
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The Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ—Against the Fanatics
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preference for an aristocracy over monarchic or democratic rule.
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Huldreich Zwingli, the Reformer of German Switzerland, 1484–1531
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Der evangelische Glaube nach den Hauptschriften der Reformatoren
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1602:
1469:
159:'s work as a reformer and is crucial in the development of his
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481:. His earliest writings before he became a reformer, such as
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in 1529. He wrote four responses leading up to the meeting:
1011:, vol. 1, ed. Emil Egli. Zürich: Züricher and Furrer, 1899.
191:
1061:, vol. II: Zwingli, ed. Paul Wernle. Tübingen: Mohr, 1918.
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The inspiration of scripture, the concept that God or the
1017:, ed. Melchior Schuler and Johannes Schulthess, 1824ff.:
277:
1066:
Von Freiheit der Speisen, eine Reformationsschrift, 1522
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sources, he defended the "signifies" interpretation. In
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was unnecessary. His major works on the subject include
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Zwingli: or, The Rise of the Reformation in Switzerland
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Political influence of Evangelicalism in Latin America
1197:
Life of Ulrich Zwingli, the Swiss Patriot and Reformer
830:
828:
782:, Vol. V, 613.12–13, 722.3–5, 723.1–2, as quoted in
139:to bring unity between the two Protestant leaders.
1003:vol. 88, ed. Emil Egli. Berlin: Schwetschke, 1905.
937:
233:, a group whose beliefs included the rejection of
1127:Ulrich Zwingli, the Patriotic Reformer: A History
1105:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 1901.
825:
2912:
174:Zwingli initially appealed to scripture against
1102:Selected Works of Huldreich Zwingli (1484–1531)
980:Huldreich Zwinglis Sämtliche Werke Vols. I-XIV
714:, pp. 292–293. For more information, see
100:, a movement which criticized the practice of
1247:
1130:, Philadelphia: Presby. Board of Publications
1095:Vol. 3, Philadelphia: Heidelberg Press, 1929.
267:Questions Concerning the Sacrament of Baptism
873:, pp. 81–82. Courvoisier uses the word
229:are largely rooted in his conflict with the
169:The Clarity and Certainty of the Word of God
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1220:(since 1897, since 1993 annually), Zürich,
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925:
894:
870:
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1069:, ed. Otto Walther. Halle: Niemeyer, 1900.
393:(1525), following the introduction of his
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1123:
944:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
373:, an associate of Luther. Zwingli denies
982:(in German), Zürich: Theologisher Verlag
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108:with disciples and God just as God made
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2672:Fostering of early experimental science
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1171:
1092:, Philadelphia: Heidelberg Press, 1922.
1086:, New York: G.P. Putnam and Sons, 1912.
14:
2913:
2776:Fundamentalist – Modernist controversy
1183:
935:
715:
711:
274:Baptism, Rebaptism, and Infant Baptism
255:Baptism, Rebaptism, and Infant Baptism
53:was based on an interpretation of the
1235:
1113:. Collegeville: Thompson Bros., 1899.
930:, Richmond, Virginia: John Knox Press
1147:
1186:Zwingli's Thought: New Perspectives
1163:The Life and Times of Ulric Zwingli
977:
674:, Vol. VI i 48.10–15, as quoted in
24:
1117:
993:Huldreich Zwinglis sämtliche Werke
780:Huldreich Zwinglis Samtliche Werke
672:Huldreich Zwinglis Samtliche Werke
598:, Vol. III, 505–509, as quoted in
596:Huldreich Zwinglis Samtliche Werke
241:and centered on the leadership of
25:
2942:
1206:
2931:Theological views of individuals
1160:Hottinger, Johann Jacob (1856),
1110:The Christian Education of Youth
961:The Theology of Huldrych Zwingli
293:The first part of the document,
1154:, New York: Funk & Wagnalls
904:
888:
864:
852:
840:
813:
801:
789:
773:
761:
749:
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693:
135:resulted in the failure of the
2635:Separation of church and state
2304:Formal and material principles
2289:Separation of church and state
1124:Blackburn, William M. (1868),
928:Zwingli, A Reformed Theologian
681:
665:
653:
641:
629:
617:
605:
589:
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500:Divine and Human Righteousness
13:
1:
2299:Hymnody of continental Europe
1450:Apostles in the New Testament
1184:Locher, Gottfried W. (1981),
919:
504:An Exposition of the Articles
356:An Exposition of the Articles
213:, Zwingli did not regard the
1200:, New York: Baker and Taylor
1142:, Edinburgh: T & T Clark
926:Courvoisier, Jaques (1963),
418:Two Replies to Luther's Book
330:
146:
7:
1747:Eastern Orthodox opposition
1172:Jackson, Samuel M. (1900),
1166:, Harrisburg: T.F. Scheffer
1136:Christoffel, Raget (1858),
963:, Oxford: Clarendon Press,
529:
361:Zwingli credited the Dutch
205:. He did not recognize the
96:were largely a response to
10:
2947:
1764:Art patronage of Julius II
334:
220:
79:Second Helvetic Confession
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2474:
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2267:Calvinist–Arminian debate
2241:
2008:
1891:
1727:
1618:
1500:
1398:
1287:
1269:
1178:, New York: G.P. Putnam's
1151:The Life of Ulric Zwingli
1015:Huldreich Zwingli's Werke
428:who slew the Roman boar.
414:Zwingli's Christian Reply
2756:Christian existentialism
1194:Simpson, Samuel (1902),
959:Stephens, W. P. (1986),
571:
459:
352:The Sixty-seven Articles
77:confession based on the
1263:History of Christianity
885:in the original German.
2824:Fourth Great Awakening
2711:Second Great Awakening
1950:Fall of Constantinople
1742:Development of primacy
936:Potter, G. R. (1976),
723:, Leiden: E.J. Brill,
566:Affair of the Sausages
546:Theology of Anabaptism
469:
457:
434:Johannes Oecolampadius
367:Cornelius Henrici Hoen
324:
129:Cornelius Henrici Hoen
43:
2819:Reformed epistemology
2761:Third Great Awakening
2731:Seventh-day Adventist
2652:First Great Awakening
2525:Book of Common Prayer
2319:Protestant work ethic
1862:Independent Catholics
1813:Monastery dissolution
551:Swiss Reformed Church
467:
453:
319:
215:Revelation of St John
33:
2642:Edicts of toleration
2451:Three Forms of Unity
2216:Bohemian Reformation
1789:Catholic Reformation
1646:Roman state religion
1465:Council of Jerusalem
1188:, Leiden: E.J. Brill
524:Commentary on Isaiah
2814:Liberation theology
2721:Jehovah's Witnesses
2554:Radical Reformation
2282:Resistance theories
2169:Christian mysticism
2164:Early Scholasticism
1876:Ecclesial community
1774:Counter-Reformation
1639:Constantinian shift
1148:Grob, Jean (1883),
1001:Corpus Reformatorum
978:Zwingli, Huldrych,
556:Consensus Tigurinus
479:Swiss Confederation
406:A Friendly Exegesis
295:A Reply to Hubmaier
259:A Reply to Hubmaier
225:Zwingli's views on
209:as canonical. Like
92:Zwingli's views on
59:ecumenical councils
2888:Oriental Orthodoxy
2531:King James Version
2343:Ninety-five Theses
2139:Apostolic Brethren
1913:Church of the East
1908:Oriental Orthodoxy
1754:Crusading movement
1274:Early Christianity
913:, pp. 308–309
901:, pp. 302–303
897:, pp. 84–85;
861:, pp. 286–298
849:, pp. 282–285
822:, pp. 248–250
810:, pp. 242–248
798:, pp. 241–242
770:, pp. 235–236
758:, pp. 227–235
702:, pp. 218–219
690:, pp. 206–216
678:, pp. 209–210
650:, pp. 199–206
638:, pp. 194–199
561:Helvetic Consensus
470:
375:transubstantiation
299:Balthasar Hubmaier
297:, is an attack on
239:believer's baptism
125:transubstantiation
87:Heinrich Bullinger
44:
34:Huldrych Zwingli,
2921:Biblical exegesis
2906:
2905:
2883:Eastern Orthodoxy
2751:Finnish Awakening
2706:Holiness movement
2647:Congregationalism
2606:
2605:
2466:Metrical psalters
1903:Eastern Orthodoxy
1847:Neo-Scholasticism
1554:Canon development
1455:Jewish Christians
1084:Vol. 1, 1510–1522
730:978-90-04-15464-3
491:mercenary service
410:A Friendly Answer
383:Andreas Karlstadt
16:(Redirected from
2938:
2926:Huldrych Zwingli
2325:
2324:
1712:Non-Chalcedonian
1693:Constantinople I
1485:General epistles
1480:Pauline epistles
1460:Paul the Apostle
1438:Great Commission
1256:
1249:
1242:
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1201:
1189:
1179:
1167:
1155:
1143:
1131:
983:
973:
954:
943:
931:
914:
908:
902:
895:Courvoisier 1963
892:
886:
871:Courvoisier 1963
868:
862:
856:
850:
844:
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832:
823:
817:
811:
805:
799:
793:
787:
777:
771:
765:
759:
753:
747:
746:, pp. 67–69
744:Courvoisier 1963
741:
735:
733:
717:Spruyt, Bart Jan
709:
703:
697:
691:
685:
679:
669:
663:
662:, pp. 66–67
660:Courvoisier 1963
657:
651:
645:
639:
633:
627:
626:, pp. 55–56
621:
615:
614:, pp. 52–53
609:
603:
593:
587:
581:
477:, and the wider
402:Marburg Colloquy
207:apocryphal books
137:Marburg Colloquy
21:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2911:
2910:
2907:
2902:
2852:
2839:Christian right
2741:Oxford Movement
2716:Restorationists
2687:
2602:
2535:
2470:
2421:Presbyterianism
2392:
2372:Book of Concord
2323:
2247:
2245:
2237:
2004:
1894:
1887:
1723:
1622:
1614:
1573:Clement of Rome
1503:
1496:
1400:
1394:
1283:
1265:
1260:
1212:
1209:
1120:
1118:Further reading
971:
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909:
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223:
149:
81:promulgated by
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2806:
2804:Pentecostalism
2801:
2799:Jesus movement
2796:
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2574:Martyrs' Synod
2571:
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2564:Swiss Brethren
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1990:Ottoman Empire
1987:
1982:
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1962:
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1620:Late antiquity
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371:Matthäus Alber
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235:infant baptism
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184:church fathers
155:is central in
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127:and following
119:He denied the
102:infant baptism
89:in the 1560s.
63:church fathers
50:Ulrich Zwingli
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2000:North America
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911:Stephens 1986
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899:Stephens 1986
896:
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884:
883:Gerechtigkeit
880:
879:righteousness
876:
872:
867:
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859:Stephens 1986
855:
848:
847:Stephens 1986
843:
836:
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820:Stephens 1986
816:
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808:Stephens 1986
804:
797:
796:Stephens 1986
792:
786:, p. 242
785:
784:Stephens 1986
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768:Stephens 1986
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756:Stephens 1986
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632:
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487:The Labyrinth
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431:
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391:The Eucharist
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338:
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323:
318:
317:, he states,
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287:I Corinthians
283:
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264:
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243:Conrad Grebel
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211:Martin Luther
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133:Martin Luther
130:
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107:
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99:
95:
90:
88:
85:'s successor
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
51:
41:
37:
32:
19:
2908:
2809:Charismatics
2792:
2771:Gospel music
2701:Camp meeting
2693:1789–present
2625:Missionaries
2595:
2588:
2579:Menno Simons
2523:
2519:Church music
2370:
2341:
2226:Conciliarism
2211:Papal Schism
2053:Scandinavian
1945:Great Schism
1923:Nestorianism
1895:Christianity
1827:priest holes
1708:Chalcedonian
1671:Christianity
1625:Great Church
1433:Resurrection
1215:
1196:
1185:
1174:
1162:
1150:
1138:
1126:
1108:
1100:
1077:
1072:
1064:
1056:
1014:
1006:
1000:
992:
987:
979:
960:
939:
927:
906:
890:
882:
878:
877:rather than
874:
866:
854:
842:
815:
803:
791:
779:
775:
763:
751:
739:
720:
707:
695:
683:
671:
667:
655:
643:
631:
619:
607:
602:, p. 52
595:
591:
586:, p. 51
579:
523:
521:
517:
513:
503:
499:
496:
486:
482:
471:
454:
446:
438:
430:Martin Bucer
417:
416:(1527), and
413:
409:
405:
399:
390:
360:
355:
351:
344:
325:
320:
315:A Refutation
314:
311:circumcision
294:
292:
273:
271:
266:
265:(1527), and
263:A Refutation
262:
258:
254:
237:in favor of
224:
196:
173:
168:
164:
150:
141:
123:doctrine of
118:
91:
71:Zwinglianism
70:
48:theology of
47:
45:
2898:Catholicism
2835:Protestants
2829:Evangelical
2504:39 Articles
2499:Elizabethan
2476:Anglicanism
2456:Westminster
2366:Melanchthon
2329:Lutheranism
2294:Nicodemites
2272:Arminianism
2243:Reformation
2184:Bonaventure
2159:Inquisition
2154:Waldensians
2104:Investiture
2082:Kievan Rus'
2038:Anglo-Saxon
2018:Pelagianism
2010:Middle Ages
1933:Iconodulism
1808:Thomas More
1729:Catholicism
1651:Monasticism
1634:Constantine
1559:Persecution
1517:Adoptionism
1502:Ante-Nicene
1445:Holy Spirit
1428:Crucifixion
1399:Origins and
1300:2nd and 3rd
1213:(in German)
712:Potter 1976
541:Lutheranism
502:(1523) and
485:(1510) and
442:Christology
341:Memorialism
231:Anabaptists
199:Holy Spirit
167:(1522) and
2915:Categories
2620:Revivalism
2541:Anabaptism
2489:Henry VIII
2314:Literature
1938:Iconoclasm
1918:Chrysostom
1871:Vatican II
1837:Jansenists
1823:Mass rocks
1759:Lateran IV
1678:Athanasius
1598:Tertullian
1542:Marcionism
1537:Gnosticism
1490:Revelation
1408:Background
1217:Zwingliana
1043:vol. VI, 2
1039:vol. VI, 1
920:References
835:Schaff, P.
508:Swiss Diet
451:, saying:
335:See also:
331:Eucharist
247:Felix Manz
190:, and the
165:Archeteles
110:a covenant
98:Anabaptism
40:Hans Asper
18:Zwinglians
2786:Ecumenism
2736:Adventism
2726:Mormonism
2662:Millerism
2657:Methodism
2612:1640–1789
2514:Civil War
2461:Orthodoxy
2416:Huguenots
2398:Calvinism
2383:Eucharist
2378:Orthodoxy
2262:Eucharist
2194:Five Ways
2144:Dulcinian
2097:Pomerania
2023:Gregory I
1867:Vatican I
1857:Modernism
1842:Molinists
1832:Guadalupe
1703:Chalcedon
1698:Ephesus I
1688:Augustine
1564:Apostolic
1547:Montanism
1512:Diversity
1288:Centuries
1226:0254-4407
1051:vol. XIII
536:Calvinism
395:communion
387:patristic
347:Eucharist
251:rebaptism
188:schoolmen
147:Scripture
2878:Theology
2866:Missions
2861:Timeline
2833:Mainline
2781:Pacifism
2630:Baptists
2549:Theology
2509:Puritans
2484:Timeline
2426:Scotland
2354:Theology
2201:Wycliffe
2149:Crusades
2124:Bogomils
2077:Bulgaria
2033:Germanic
1985:Ethiopia
1883:Timeline
1661:Nicaea I
1656:Councils
1588:Irenaeus
1583:Ignatius
1578:Polycarp
1532:Donatism
1527:Docetism
1522:Arianism
1423:Ministry
1047:vol. VII
1027:vol. III
719:(2006),
530:See also
426:Hercules
412:(1527),
408:(1527),
363:humanist
358:(1523).
303:covenant
269:(1530).
261:(1525),
257:(1525),
180:councils
176:Catholic
161:theology
121:Catholic
106:covenant
75:Reformed
61:and the
2871:Martyrs
2667:Pietism
2597:Ausbund
2569:Müntzer
2494:Cranmer
2441:Baptism
2406:Zwingli
2257:Erasmus
2206:Avignon
2189:Aquinas
2179:Francis
2174:Dominic
2134:Cathars
2129:Bosnian
2119:Bernard
2114:Abelard
2087:Moravia
2072:Bohemia
2058:Iceland
1980:Serbian
1960:Georgia
1955:Armenia
1893:Eastern
1794:Jesuits
1470:Gospels
1418:Baptism
1031:vol. IV
1023:vol. II
940:Zwingli
875:justice
522:In his
422:Goliath
307:Abraham
227:baptism
221:Baptism
203:gospels
157:Zwingli
114:Abraham
94:baptism
83:Zwingli
73:is the
67:gospels
36:woodcut
2559:Grebel
2411:Calvin
2337:Luther
2231:Synods
2109:Anselm
2092:Poland
2048:Gothic
2043:Franks
2028:Celtic
1995:Russia
1975:Syriac
1965:Greece
1852:Teresa
1799:Xavier
1737:Papacy
1683:Jerome
1603:Origen
1504:period
1279:Spread
1224:
1090:Vol. 2
1035:vol. V
1019:vol. I
997:vol. 1
967:
948:
727:
483:The Ox
475:Zürich
377:using
282:Spirit
186:, the
182:, the
42:, 1531
2793:solae
2791:Five
2584:Smyth
2436:TULIP
2359:Bible
2067:Slavs
1970:Egypt
1928:Icons
1779:Trent
1769:Leo X
1666:Creed
572:Notes
460:State
309:. As
192:popes
153:Bible
112:with
55:Bible
2843:left
2841:and
2831:and
2681:and
2679:Neo-
2446:Dort
2431:Knox
2277:Wars
1869:and
1825:and
1818:Wars
1475:Acts
1390:21st
1385:20th
1380:19th
1375:18th
1370:17th
1365:16th
1360:15th
1355:14th
1350:13th
1345:12th
1340:11th
1335:10th
1222:ISSN
965:ISBN
946:ISBN
881:for
725:ISBN
432:and
424:, a
379:John
345:The
339:and
245:and
151:The
46:The
2388:Art
2246:and
2221:Hus
1784:Art
1330:9th
1325:8th
1320:7th
1315:6th
1310:5th
1305:4th
1295:1st
278:sin
272:In
38:by
2917::
1710:/
1566:/
1080:.
1049:;
1045:;
1041:;
1037:;
1033:;
1029:;
1021:;
999:,
995:,
827:^
365:,
116:.
69:.
1627:)
1623:(
1255:e
1248:t
1241:v
1228:.
1202:.
1190:.
1180:.
1168:.
1156:.
1144:.
1132:.
1053:.
1025:;
984:.
974:.
955:.
932:.
734:.
20:)
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