286:
5327:
274:
202:
574:
238:
217:
250:
262:
297:
1058:
561:. As time went on, however, ISIL began to eclipse the other groups in power, so that fighters of the Muntasir Billah Brigade started to defect to the Islamic State. In September 2013, the Muntasir Billah Brigade joined the al-Nusra Front in an attempt to halt its decline. At the time, the militia claimed to consist of 15 battalions. In October, the group fought in
751:, though Firas Paşa claimed at the time that no Turkish citizens were fighting with his group. By 2018, several Turkish jihadists and ultranationalists had joined the militia. Despite this, Firas Paşa has argued that his group makes no great distinction between Turkmens and Arabs, and mostly accepts aid by Turkish and Islamist groups out of simple necessity.
70:
1142:
626:
By early 2016, the
Muntasir Billah Brigade was still rather small, counting just 350 fighters, but its leader had gained some prominence in Turkey. Paşa "regularly" appeared in Turkish television at the time, talking about the situation of the Turkmens in Syria and attempting to garner support for
670:
by government forces in the following
December. A senior official of the Muntasir Billah Brigade justified the retreat by arguing that the rebel defeat in Aleppo had become inevitable anyway. The group arrested three
722:
The
Muntasir Billah Brigade is prominently led by Firas Paşa, and consisted of 350 fighters, 170 of them ethnic Turkmen, by February 2016. The group is among the Syrian rebel groups that support or at least tolerate
552:
In July 2013, the
Muntasir Billah Brigade and other FSA units in Raqqa united and formed the 11th Division in an attempt to counterbalance the rising power of various Jihadist groups such as the al-Nusra Front,
545:, mostly without offering any resistance. It remains unclear how this came to pass. In any case, capturing the city was a major success for the militia, and it subsequently took part in the siege of the nearby
446:. The exact origin of the current Muntasir Billah Brigade is unclear, and it is possible that it originated as remnant of a rebel group that had been active in Raqqa Governorate until being subsumed by the
5107:
3943:
565:
against government holdouts. After ISIL suppressed the al-Nusra Front in its territory, the
Muntasir Billah Brigade lost its protector, and consequently chose to join ISIL in December 2013.
1580:
4009:
4217:
2692:
1603:
1635:
1520:
4001:
758:
in early 2018. By 2019, the unit served as "Brigade 122", part of the
Division 12, in the Syrian National Army's First Legion. The militia is also known to distribute and organize
687:, the Muntasir Billah Brigade distributed 300 tons of sugar among the local populace. The group claimed that the sugar had been captured from the "black market storage room of the
4320:
786:
The unit is called both "Muntasir Billah
Division" as well as "Muntasir Billah Brigade" since around 2017. The militia's official Twitter account uses "Muntasir Billah Division".
877:
3638:
3511:
3277:
3058:
2378:
2249:
5274:
4058:
3445:
1174:
754:
The militia has also received support by the
Turkish state, particularly after joining the Syrian National Army. Parts of the Muntasir Billah Brigade were trained by the
3721:
2896:
2712:
2349:
807:
5361:
5087:
2109:
541:
outposts on 3 March. Three days later, Raqqa's remaining garrison handed over the eastern entrance, and then the city's center, to the
Muntasir Billah Brigade and the
5351:
3646:
3630:
3503:
3269:
3050:
2866:
2564:
2370:
2241:
1385:
5279:
3726:
2999:
2892:
2708:
2568:
3534:
2509:
808:"Jabhat al-Nusra Video: "Declaration of Allegiance of Every Ansar al-Shari'a and al-Muntasir billah Brigade to Jabhat al-Nusra in the Capital City of Damascus""
3883:
3634:
3507:
3273:
3054:
2374:
2245:
4342:
3375:
3295:
3136:
628:
537:. Having joined the "Raqqa Liberation Front's Military and Revolutionary Council", the unit first helped other rebel groups to clear the city's outskirts of
3676:
3460:
3228:
5142:
5127:
5097:
3742:
3539:
3475:
2677:
2538:
2514:
1981:
1945:
1920:
3300:
3233:
3086:
2816:
2317:
1950:
4470:
4176:
3305:
503:
The exact origin of Raqqa's
Muntasir Billah Brigade is unclear. One of its fighters stated that he joined the group "when the revolution began", and
846:
3569:
2831:
2720:
2007:
1930:
1410:
763:
5197:
5112:
5082:
3696:
3599:
3529:
3450:
3370:
3126:
2477:
2472:
2033:
1588:
691:" and this proved that "the Turkish army and the Free Syrian Army, have come here to put an end to oppression". On the other side, the pro-PYD
644:
343:
662:
Like several other Turkmen FSA units, the Muntasir Billah Brigade moved at least part of its forces from Aleppo city to support the Turkish-led
607:
reported that Firas' group "has its origins in Raqqa". Regardless of its origin, the Muntasir Billah Brigade of Firas Paşa was fighting for the
4441:
3809:
3711:
3213:
2861:
2002:
5117:
4245:
4067:
3248:
3218:
3161:
2608:
2165:
1940:
1910:
1553:
667:
1613:
5102:
5077:
4284:
4272:
4267:
4250:
3559:
3315:
3004:
2682:
2543:
2391:
2257:
2089:
2059:
1976:
1530:
5175:
5092:
4456:
4428:
4262:
4237:
3858:
3014:
2730:
2064:
2054:
2038:
615:
by January 2014, and consisted mostly of Turkmens at the time. In October 2015, the militia was among the rebel groups that attacked the
4542:
4446:
3819:
3380:
3141:
3066:
1852:
4451:
3829:
3198:
3081:
2799:
2334:
1258:
636:
336:
5187:
4337:
3554:
3544:
3310:
2989:
910:
4436:
3957:
3899:
3845:
3791:
3564:
2924:
2742:
2354:
2084:
585:
It is unclear how and to what extent Raqqa's Muntasir Billah Brigade is related to the militia of the same name that appeared in
1438:
1182:
1003:
5294:
5222:
4325:
4097:
4077:
3873:
3609:
2994:
2406:
2079:
589:
after the former's submission to ISIL. Firas Paşa, leader of Aleppo's Muntasir Billah Brigade, stated in a 2017 interview with
5376:
5137:
4019:
3991:
3760:
3661:
3420:
3345:
3285:
3019:
2929:
2876:
2302:
675:
soldiers near al-Bab in May 2017, reportedly to prevent them from looting a village. In early 2018, the militia took part in
1699:
5356:
4347:
4087:
3952:
3804:
3435:
3156:
3151:
2069:
1925:
558:
439:
5304:
4499:
3691:
3208:
3034:
2312:
1465:
1395:
978:
479:
4362:
5217:
5207:
5072:
5051:
5031:
5016:
4398:
4072:
3972:
3614:
2667:
2499:
2287:
2125:
1966:
631:, causing Paşa to argue that "if there were no Russian planes, there would be no Assad today". The militia joined the "
435:
5232:
5182:
5056:
5021:
4481:
4038:
3932:
3465:
3455:
3253:
3116:
2904:
2871:
2494:
2074:
1935:
1821:
1291:
1029:
3101:
5253:
5122:
4673:
4191:
4028:
3799:
3584:
3076:
2455:
2344:
2225:
2153:
1971:
1905:
612:
427:
331:
1663:
1116:
5237:
4583:
4181:
4123:
3574:
3440:
3365:
3203:
3024:
2949:
3863:
5041:
4489:
4092:
3770:
3415:
3238:
3183:
3131:
2984:
2909:
2846:
2777:
2591:
1845:
1794:
1753:
688:
3666:
5371:
5202:
5160:
4816:
4624:
4593:
4388:
3701:
3589:
3405:
3355:
3178:
2954:
2914:
2652:
2448:
2386:
2277:
2262:
4082:
2180:
2175:
478:, and others have begun calling the Aleppo group "Muntasir Billah Division". However, other sources such as
5299:
5212:
5170:
4573:
4043:
3765:
3706:
3579:
3335:
3330:
3091:
3071:
2964:
2959:
2919:
2804:
2282:
2210:
1215:
616:
534:
522:
321:
316:
109:
1779:
5289:
5132:
5046:
5036:
5026:
5011:
4951:
4851:
4698:
4578:
4557:
4522:
4413:
4408:
4289:
3922:
3853:
3400:
3360:
3193:
3111:
3096:
2672:
2637:
2418:
2185:
2012:
1354:
533:. Though relatively small at the time, the Muntasir Billah Brigade played a significant part during the
5227:
4418:
3750:
3390:
3188:
2630:
2401:
2190:
744:
663:
348:
5366:
5330:
4644:
4517:
4312:
4227:
4048:
3814:
3686:
3430:
3385:
3290:
3121:
2787:
2782:
2613:
2586:
2581:
2443:
2322:
2130:
1838:
4634:
4509:
4494:
3962:
3681:
3671:
3656:
3480:
3325:
3146:
2851:
2548:
2489:
2099:
1525:
640:
443:
290:
1145:[A prisoner exchange operation between the "free" and the regime forces, east of Aleppo].
4588:
4547:
4537:
4332:
4186:
4107:
3912:
3775:
3604:
3594:
3340:
3320:
3106:
2856:
2826:
2809:
2687:
2339:
1813:
1636:"FSA to distribute sugar to people of Afrin after black market depot of YPG terrorists uncovered"
518:
185:
169:
5165:
4102:
3907:
3868:
3519:
3470:
3425:
3395:
3009:
2969:
2944:
2934:
2792:
2767:
2657:
2620:
2596:
2396:
676:
474:
401:
377:
353:
45:
1470:
1061:[Bloody Tuesday in Afrin: Accusations exchanged about responsibility and the breach].
623:
district of Aleppo, accusing the YPG of aiding the government and attacking Turkmen villages.
3549:
3029:
2220:
2195:
2094:
1724:
1581:"Syrian Rebel Brigades Participating in the Operation Olive Branch [18 January 2018]"
546:
458:
The militias in Raqqa and Aleppo were both originally called "Muntasir Billah Brigade". From
5152:
4791:
4552:
4378:
4352:
3878:
3410:
3223:
2974:
2939:
2772:
2757:
2603:
2292:
2215:
2017:
1915:
767:
755:
703:
177:
1216:"4 battalions from Qatar-backed Islamist brigade defect to wage 'armed jihadist struggle'"
8:
4971:
4926:
4891:
4403:
4207:
3986:
3651:
3487:
2841:
2821:
2642:
2625:
2526:
2428:
2205:
1296:
724:
666:
in November 2016. This further weakened the last rebel resistance in the city, which was
710:
group, the Muntasir Billah Brigade was involved in an arbitrary arrest of a civilian in
635:" rebel coalition in February, and subsequently took part in unsuccessfully resisting a
4911:
4357:
3824:
3755:
3716:
2433:
2411:
1390:
431:
426:. One of the most prominent pro-Turkish formations in the FSA, the group fought in the
125:
2979:
2836:
706:
groups which still controlled Afrin and the surrounding countryside. According to the
577:
Besides a white flag with its logo, the Muntasir Billah Brigade also uses the regular
5269:
4976:
4931:
4532:
4527:
4303:
4212:
4168:
3524:
2725:
2438:
1997:
1817:
1668:
770:
in this regard. By 2020, the group was still described as a Turkmen militia by SOHR.
748:
692:
652:
608:
526:
4946:
4936:
4916:
4906:
4811:
4801:
4796:
4734:
4693:
4678:
4383:
4033:
3917:
3243:
3166:
2752:
2576:
2531:
2482:
2465:
2460:
2307:
2272:
1900:
1861:
1790:
1220:
947:
759:
648:
643:
in the northern Aleppo countryside. The Muntasir Billah Brigade also fought in the
514:
423:
419:
311:
164:
56:
4961:
4866:
4841:
4764:
4754:
4749:
4739:
4688:
4683:
4255:
3350:
3171:
2737:
2504:
2327:
2200:
2104:
1803:
851:
392:
368:
36:
1805:
The Syrian Jihad: Al-Qaeda, the Islamic State and the Evolution of an Insurgency
743:
right-wing or Islamist associations: By 2016, the militia received aid from the
5192:
4901:
4871:
4821:
4806:
4786:
4774:
4759:
4744:
4668:
3981:
2762:
2647:
2521:
2423:
2267:
740:
732:
632:
620:
596:
578:
542:
463:
447:
416:
189:
133:
69:
17:
4629:
1493:
5345:
4956:
4921:
4876:
4846:
4826:
4781:
4769:
4616:
4393:
2747:
2662:
2297:
952:
554:
279:
4886:
4861:
4836:
4831:
4639:
4277:
4222:
684:
680:
656:
468:
1301:
739:. As result, the Muntasir Billah Brigade has been associated with various
5284:
4966:
4896:
4881:
4856:
1640:
1415:
728:
711:
696:
672:
538:
513:
city. By early 2013, the Muntasir Billah Brigade was an Islamist-leaning
1729:
4649:
1608:
1558:
1388:[Turkish right-wing extremists: For Allah and the fatherland].
562:
627:
his group. Meanwhile, the Muntasir Billah Brigade suffered from heavy
4941:
1443:
1259:"The Raqqa Story: Rebel Structure, Planning, and Possible War Crimes"
1087:
915:
591:
301:
1411:"YPG commander eyes Russia for help in fight against ISIS, al-Nusra"
878:"Hundreds of Syria rebels pledge loyalty to Qaeda groups: activists"
4659:
4607:
1830:
762:
in the Aleppo countryside, and was supported by organizations like
736:
505:
140:
118:
21:
1554:"Syrian opposition captures 3 regime soldiers near al-Bab, Aleppo"
1439:"The Syrian Regime Is Close to a Victory That Could Turn the War"
1088:"Erdogan's Enver Pasha Dream: The Revival of the "Army of Islam""
911:"Rebel brigade weighs options as Syria's war enters seventh year"
882:
600:
573:
2131:
Relations between Syrian government and Kurdish groups in Syria
1895:
1809:
586:
267:
207:
1336:
1334:
1059:"الثلاثاء الدامي في عفرين: تبادل اتهامات حول المسؤولية والخرق"
5275:
Fourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference
1890:
1194:
1192:
1117:"Afrin: 45 Confirmed Arrests, 5 against Women, in March 2020"
530:
510:
243:
222:
1518:
1006:[10 women held by the Asad regime freed in barter].
1331:
981:[The YPG's deal with jihadists and Turkey's role].
255:
1700:"A Cause For All Turks: Turkey and Syria's Turkmen Rebels"
1189:
1604:"Erdogan's plans for Afrin might not sit well with Syria"
1172:
5280:
International recognition of the Syrian National Council
1321:
1319:
1240:
1238:
1004:"Esed rejiminin alıkoyduğu 10 kadın takasla özgür kaldı"
702:
By 2020, the Muntasir Billah Brigade was one of several
1697:
490:
continued to call the group "Muntasir Billah Brigade".
1751:
979:"Cihatçılar ile YPG'nin anlaşması ve Türkiye'nin rolü"
4343:
National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change
1494:"Rebels, regime made prisoner swap in Aleppo: source"
1316:
1235:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1408:
1032:[Heavy blow to PKK in Afrin! 300 tons ...].
415:"God's Victory Brigade"), is a predominantly ethnic
406:
382:
50:
1982:
Human rights violations during the Syrian civil war
1519:Humeyra Pamuk; Nick Tattersall (30 November 2016).
1386:"Türkische Rechtsextreme: Für Allah und Vaterland"
1161:
1143:"عملية تبادل أسرى بين "الحر" وقوات النظام شرق حلب"
847:"Turks head to Syria to defend Turkmen 'brothers'"
5362:Military units and formations established in 2013
1778:Caris, Charles C.; Reynolds, Samuel (July 2014).
1466:"Anti-ISIL fight heats up on Turkey-Syria border"
5352:Anti-government factions of the Syrian civil war
5343:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1292:"The Mysterious Fall of Raqqa, Syria's Kandahar"
1285:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1175:"Aleppo rebels rally around former Ahrar leader"
3540:Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflict
3451:Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate
2034:International reactions to the Syrian civil war
1289:
1951:Syrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)
1601:
1256:
1173:Albin Szakola, Ullin Hope (16 February 2016).
941:
939:
937:
935:
933:
714:in March 2020, followed by demands of ransom.
695:accused the unit and allied groups of looting
651:. On 20 June 2016, the militia took part in a
549:base which was still held by the Syrian Army.
1846:
1777:
1698:Sam Heller; S.G. Grimaldi (21 January 2016).
1383:
1372:
1340:
1276:
908:
875:
2693:Battle of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak (Dec–Jan)
2090:2023 attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq and Syria
1977:Humanitarian aid during the Syrian civil war
1030:"Afrin'de PKK'ya ağır darbe! Tam 300 ton..."
717:
5233:Second Northern Syria Demilitarization Deal
2473:Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–2013)
2039:Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war
1754:"The Structure of the Syrian National Army"
1752:Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi (21 November 2019).
1352:
1213:
976:
945:
930:
844:
645:Northern Aleppo offensive (March–June 2016)
344:Northern Aleppo offensive (March–June 2016)
5228:First Northern Syria Demilitarization Deal
4177:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region
3376:East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (Apr–May)
3137:East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (Apr–May)
1853:
1839:
1436:
1357:[Oil and entrance wars in Syria].
1053:
1051:
871:
869:
5108:International demonstrations and protests
3214:September Urum al-Kubra aid convoy attack
2510:Rif Dimashq offensive (Nov 2012–Feb 2013)
1664:"Turkish occupation looted Afrin's ruins"
1551:
1250:
1111:
1109:
904:
902:
900:
581:as well as a green variant of the latter
509:reported that it originated in or around
337:Northern Aleppo offensive (February 2016)
5254:Universal jurisdiction trials in Germany
4338:Supreme Council of the Syrian Revolution
1693:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1595:
1573:
1512:
1430:
1209:
1207:
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
828:
572:
2318:Rif Dimashq clashes (Nov 2011-Mar 2012)
2085:US intervention in the Syrian civil war
1409:FATIH ŞEMSETTIN IŞIK (1 October 2015).
1082:
1080:
1048:
866:
647:against ISIL, this time as part of the
5344:
3722:Northwestern offensive (Dec 19–Mar 20)
3000:Northwestern Syria offensive (Oct–Nov)
1801:
1727:[Turkmen commandos in Afrin].
1325:
1244:
1198:
1106:
972:
970:
897:
603:natives of Aleppo city in 2013, while
5223:Idlib demilitarization (2018–present)
4993:
4723:
4149:
4010:April 2014 Jordanian border airstrike
3830:Tahrir al-Sham–Junud al-Sham conflict
3570:Southern Damascus offensive (Apr–May)
3535:Southern Damascus offensive (Jan–Feb)
3446:Northwestern campaign (Oct 17–Feb 18)
3436:Deir ez-Zor offensive (Sep 17–Mar 18)
2151:
1872:
1834:
1684:
1521:"Turkey elsewhere as Aleppo squeezed"
1458:
1204:
825:
517:militia that operated as part of the
4348:Syrian Revolution General Commission
4088:January 2014 Turkish attack in Syria
2867:Second Battle of the Shaer gas field
2070:Turkish occupation of northern Syria
1860:
1355:"Suriye'de petrol ve kapı savaşları"
1077:
639:by government forces as well as the
559:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
5305:Syrian civil war in popular culture
5198:UN Security Council Resolution 2118
3127:Northern Aleppo offensive (Mar–Jun)
2817:Northern Aleppo offensive (Feb–Jul)
2800:First Battle of the Shaer gas field
1290:Firas al-Hakkar (8 November 2013).
967:
876:Erika Solomon (20 September 2013).
683:from the SDF. After the capture of
422:militia that has taken part in the
396:
387:), also known by its original name
372:
40:
13:
5208:2015 Zabadani cease-fire agreement
4399:Authenticity and Development Front
4073:2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown
4068:December 2011 Turkish border clash
3859:Ahrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashes
3316:Southwestern Daraa offensive (Feb)
3229:Western al-Bab offensive (Oct–Nov)
3087:Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (Feb–Mar)
2355:December Jabal al-Zawiya massacres
2126:Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria
2080:Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria
1967:Casualties of the Syrian civil war
1602:Fehim Tastekin (26 January 2018).
1587:. 18 February 2018. Archived from
679:which resulted in the conquest of
14:
5388:
4098:Russian Air Force Al-Bab incident
4039:Iranian embassy bombing in Beirut
3992:April 2014 Iraqi border airstrike
3560:Northern Homs offensive (Apr–May)
3545:Southern Damascus offensive (Mar)
3286:Wadi Barada offensive (2016–2017)
3152:May Jableh & Tartous bombings
3102:February Sayyidah Zaynab bombings
3067:Second Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin
3020:East Aleppo offensive (2015–2016)
2407:Idlib Governorate operation (Apr)
2075:Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone
1384:Marc Drewello (20 January 2018).
568:
412:
5326:
5325:
5042:2017 Northern regional elections
4674:Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria
4285:Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition
4150:
3800:Siege of Qamishli and Al-Hasakah
3697:Turkish offensive into northeast
3677:Northwestern offensive (Apr–Aug)
3565:Eastern Qalamoun offensive (Apr)
3234:Khan al-Shih offensive (Oct–Nov)
3077:January Sayyidah Zaynab bombings
2345:Shayrat and Tiyas airbase ambush
2226:2010s in Syria political history
1972:Refugees of the Syrian civil war
845:Umar Farooq (16 February 2016).
595:that his militia was founded by
523:fought against government forces
498:
295:
284:
272:
260:
248:
236:
215:
200:
68:
5238:Syrian Constitutional Committee
4584:International Freedom Battalion
4182:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
3580:Deir ez-Zor offensive (May–Jun)
3530:Rif Dimashq offensive (Feb–Apr)
3476:Battle of Deir ez-Zor (Sep–Nov)
3331:East Aleppo offensive (Jan–Apr)
3306:Deir ez-Zor offensive (Jan–Feb)
3296:Desert campaign (Dec 16–Apr 17)
3162:Rif Dimashq offensive (Jun–Oct)
3142:Rif Dimashq offensive (Apr–May)
3082:Northern Aleppo offensive (Feb)
2950:Battle of Nasib Border Crossing
2832:Rif Dimashq offensive (Aug–Nov)
2678:Rif Dimashq offensive (Sep–Nov)
2609:Rif Dimashq offensive (Mar–Aug)
2478:Rif Dimashq offensive (Aug-Oct)
2313:Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–2014)
2288:June Jisr ash-Shughur operation
1745:
1717:
1656:
1628:
1545:
1486:
1402:
1353:Hasan SİVRi (28 October 2013).
1346:
1257:Matthew Barber (3 April 2013).
1214:Bill Roggio (5 December 2013).
1135:
909:Ediz Tiyansan (15 March 2017).
462:2018, some sources such as the
4093:Assassination of Andrei Karlov
3963:May 2018 Israel–Iran incidents
3662:ISIL insurgency in Deir-ez-Zor
3406:Southern Raqqa offensive (Jun)
3209:September Deir ez-Zor air raid
3199:Western al-Bab offensive (Sep)
3157:Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (Jun)
3147:Northern Raqqa offensive (May)
3035:Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown
1795:Institute for the Study of War
1771:
1733:(in Turkish). 26 February 2018
1437:Sam Heller (5 February 2016).
1022:
996:
977:Hasan SİVRi (5 January 2014).
800:
780:
637:large Russian-backed offensive
20:'s Muntasir Billah Brigade in
1:
5037:2017 Northern local elections
5027:2015 Northern local elections
4389:National Front for Liberation
4326:Local Coordination Committees
3874:Northern Aleppo clashes (Oct)
3712:Israeli missile strikes (Nov)
3356:Khan Shaykhun chemical attack
2653:Khan al-Assal chemical attack
2449:18 July 2012 Damascus bombing
2263:Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb
2048:Specific groups and countries
1873:
1725:"Türkmen komandolar Afrin'de"
1121:Syrians for Truth and Justice
793:
708:Syrians for Truth and Justice
529:, while receiving support by
484:Syrians for Truth and Justice
459:
5377:2013 establishments in Syria
5300:2015 European migrant crisis
4574:Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
3466:Euphrates Crossing offensive
2960:Western al-Hasakah offensive
2920:Eastern al-Hasakah offensive
2788:Qalamoun offensive (Jun–Aug)
2544:Quneitra Governorate clashes
2283:Siege of Rastan and Talbiseh
2211:Syrian occupation of Lebanon
2152:
1960:Effects and ongoing concerns
659:, a pro-government militia.
535:Battle of Raqqa (March 2013)
453:
428:Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)
332:Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)
322:Battle of Raqqa (March 2013)
16:Not to be confused with the
7:
5357:Anti-ISIL factions in Syria
5188:U.S.–Russia peace proposals
5143:Syrian government reactions
5133:Status of the Golan Heights
5128:Sectarianism and minorities
5052:2020 parliamentary election
5032:2016 parliamentary election
5017:2012 parliamentary election
4994:
4952:Mohamad Anas Haitham Soueid
4852:Ali Sadreddine Al-Bayanouni
4699:Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan
4558:Northern Democratic Brigade
4414:Muslim Brotherhood in Syria
4409:Revolutionary Commando Army
4290:Popular Mobilization Forces
4078:2012 Turkish border clashes
3667:Dêrik prison escape attempt
3072:Deir ez-Zor offensive (Jan)
3025:2015–2016 Latakia offensive
2995:Rif Dimashq offensive (Sep)
2990:Palmyra offensive (Jul–Aug)
2877:Deir ez-Zor offensive (Dec)
2862:Second Inter-Rebel Conflict
2638:Bayda and Baniyas massacres
1946:Sectarianism and minorities
1921:Syrian government reactions
1802:Lister, Charles R. (2015).
1787:Middle East Security Report
1394:(in German). Archived from
1341:Caris & Reynolds (2014)
407:
383:
51:
10:
5393:
5183:Lakhdar Brahimi peace plan
5057:2021 presidential election
5022:2014 presidential election
4724:
4268:medical facility targeting
4124:Deir ez-Zor missile strike
4083:2013 Reyhanlı car bombings
4002:Jordanian border incidents
3647:Idlib inter-rebel conflict
3585:As-Suwayda offensive (Jun)
3461:Eastern campaign (Sep–Dec)
3249:Aleppo offensive (Nov-Dec)
3219:Aleppo offensive (Sep–Oct)
3189:Operation Euphrates Shield
3117:Battle of Maarrat al-Numan
3005:Aleppo offensive (Oct–Dec)
2930:Battle of Sarrin (Jun–Jul)
2925:Battle of Sarrin (Mar–Apr)
2872:Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin
2721:First Inter-rebel conflict
2683:Aleppo offensive (Oct–Dec)
2592:Raqqa campaign (2012–2013)
2495:Battle of Maarrat al-Numan
1780:"ISIS Governance in Syria"
946:Umar Farooq (7 May 2015).
664:Operation Euphrates Shield
493:
384:Firqah al-Muntasir bi-llah
349:Operation Euphrates Shield
15:
5321:
5262:
5246:
5151:
5065:
5004:
5000:
4989:
4730:
4719:
4658:
4645:Group of the One and Only
4625:Military activity of ISIL
4615:
4606:
4566:
4518:People's Protection Units
4508:
4500:Smaller political parties
4480:
4471:Autonomous Administration
4469:
4427:
4371:
4311:
4302:
4236:
4228:Palestine Liberation Army
4200:
4167:
4160:
4156:
4145:
4116:
4057:
4018:
4000:
3971:
3942:
3931:
3892:
3838:
3784:
3761:Idlib Governorate clashes
3735:
3687:Hass refugee camp bombing
3623:
3575:Deir ez-Zor clashes (Apr)
3496:
3411:Jobar offensive (Jun–Aug)
3386:Maskanah Plains offensive
3381:Desert campaign (May–Jul)
3311:Daraa offensive (Feb–Jun)
3262:
3043:
2885:
2783:Second siege of Wadi Deif
2778:Kafr Zita chemical attack
2743:Daraa offensive (Feb–May)
2701:
2614:Battle of Jdaidet al-Fadl
2557:
2363:
2350:Idlib Governorate clashes
2335:Daraa Governorate clashes
2303:Jabal al-Zawiya operation
2234:
2164:
2160:
2147:
2118:
2047:
2026:
1990:
1959:
1883:
1879:
1868:
1552:Loaa Adel (21 May 2017).
718:Organization and ideology
307:
231:
195:
160:
149:
108:
87:
79:
67:
34:
29:
4635:Khalid ibn al-Walid Army
4579:Kurdistan Workers' Party
4523:Women's Protection Units
4495:Kurdish National Council
3944:Israel and Golan Heights
3815:Battle of Qamishli (Apr)
3657:Battle of Baghuz Fawqani
3416:Quneitra offensive (Jun)
3371:April Turkish airstrikes
3346:Hama offensive (Mar–Apr)
3179:Southern Aleppo campaign
3122:Battle of Qamishli (Apr)
3015:Homs offensive (Nov-Dec)
2985:Quneitra offensive (Jun)
2915:Southern Syria Offensive
2549:Talbiseh bakery massacre
2500:First siege of Wadi Deif
2490:Battle of Khirbet Al-Joz
2387:January al-Midan bombing
2119:Agreements and dialogues
2100:Syrian Democratic Forces
1526:The Daily Star (Lebanon)
773:
699:in the Mobata district.
641:Syrian Democratic Forces
408:Liwa al-Muntasir bi-llah
365:Muntasir Billah Division
317:Raqqa campaign (2012–13)
291:Syrian Democratic Forces
52:Liwa al-Muntasir bi-llah
5113:International reactions
5098:Human rights violations
4589:Sinjar Resistance Units
4548:Syriac Military Council
4538:Army of Revolutionaries
4473:of North and East Syria
4333:Syrian National Council
4187:Arab Socialist Movement
4108:Operation Spring Shield
4049:Qalamoun (Jul–Aug 2017)
4029:Lebanese border clashes
3923:Northern border clashes
3884:Northwest clashes (Dec)
3864:Jabal al-Bishrī clashes
3766:Kafr-Takharim airstrike
3615:Northern border clashes
3336:March Damascus bombings
3301:Idlib clashes (Jan–Mar)
3254:Palmyra offensive (Dec)
3132:Palmyra offensive (Mar)
2965:Palmyra offensive (May)
2810:Battle of Tabqa Airbase
2805:Eastern Syria offensive
2688:Battle of al-Yaarubiyah
1814:Oxford University Press
519:Ahfad al-Rasul Brigades
430:and other campaigns in
389:Muntasir Billah Brigade
186:Syrian Turkmen Brigades
170:Ahfad al-Rasul Brigades
30:Muntasir Billah Brigade
5290:Syrian detainee report
5176:UN supervision mission
5166:Friends of Syria Group
5088:Damaged heritage sites
4490:Democratic Union Party
4442:Jordanian intervention
4363:Syrian Patriotic Group
4192:Syrian Communist Party
4103:2020 Balyun airstrikes
3958:February 2018 incident
3605:Qamishli clashes (Sep)
3520:Operation Olive Branch
3361:Shayrat missile strike
3194:Aleppo summer campaign
3184:Battle of al-Rai (Aug)
3097:February Homs bombings
2955:Battle of Yarmouk Camp
2945:Second Battle of Idlib
2658:Khan al-Assal massacre
2621:Ghouta chemical attack
2003:Early insurgency phase
677:Operation Olive Branch
582:
354:Operation Olive Branch
61:Muntasır Billah Tugayı
60:
5295:Syrian media coverage
5171:Kofi Annan peace plan
4594:Êzîdxan Women's Units
4543:SDF military councils
4273:military intervention
4246:Hezbollah involvement
4201:Military and militias
4044:North Lebanon clashes
3805:Missile strikes (Jan)
3692:Missile strikes (Aug)
3610:Missile strikes (Sep)
3555:Missile strikes (Apr)
3550:Douma chemical attack
3401:Daraa offensive (Jun)
3092:Al-Shaddadi offensive
3030:Tishrin Dam offensive
2910:Daraa Offensive (Jan)
2905:Air Force An-26 crash
2847:Daraa offensive (Oct)
2731:Deir ez-Zor offensive
2597:Battle of Raqqa (Mar)
2397:First Battle of Idlib
2221:Human rights in Syria
2095:Kurdish Area in Syria
1911:Background and causes
812:trackingterrorism.org
576:
5372:Syrian National Army
5203:Geneva II conference
5161:Arab League monitors
5138:Spillover in Lebanon
5047:2018 local elections
5012:2011 local elections
4792:Fahd Jassem al-Freij
4553:Liwa Thuwar al-Raqqa
4379:Syrian National Army
4353:Syrian Support Group
3879:Operation Claw-Sword
3854:Battle of al-Hasakah
3600:As-Suwayda (Aug-Nov)
3441:Hama offensive (Sep)
3291:January Azaz bombing
3204:5 September bombings
2975:Tell Abyad offensive
2773:Battle of Al-Malihah
2673:Battle of Tell Abyad
2668:Battle of Ras al-Ayn
2419:May Battle of Rastan
2216:Damascus Declaration
2060:Russian intervention
2018:Syrian peace process
2008:2012–2013 escalation
1991:Phases and processes
1931:Inter-rebel conflict
1916:Syrian peace process
1201:, pp. 112, 167.
768:Turkish Red Crescent
756:Turkish Armed Forces
704:Syrian National Army
178:Syrian National Army
5093:Foreign involvement
4972:Abdurrahman Mustafa
4927:Yassin al-Haj Saleh
4892:Abdul Halim Khaddam
4404:Army of Free Tribes
4372:Opposition militias
4263:Russian involvement
4251:Iranian involvement
4208:Syrian Armed Forces
3987:Operation al-Shabah
3953:March 2017 incident
3672:Tell Rifaat clashes
3488:Beit Jinn offensive
3481:Abu Kamal offensive
3421:Idlib clashes (Jul)
3391:East Hama offensive
3112:Battle of Tel Abyad
2852:Al-Safira offensive
2842:Homs school bombing
2631:Battle of al-Qusayr
2626:Al-Qusayr offensive
2429:Battle of al-Haffah
2402:Battle of al-Qusayr
2278:May Talkalakh siege
2186:Corrective Movement
2065:Turkish involvement
2055:Russian involvement
1533:on 11 February 2019
1471:Hürriyet Daily News
725:Turkish nationalist
74:Logo of the militia
4912:Ali Mahmoud Othman
4358:Adopt a Revolution
4321:National Coalition
4313:Interim government
3913:Damascus airstrike
3820:US airstrike (Jun)
3810:US airstrike (Feb)
3776:Deir ez-Zor ambush
3717:Qah missile strike
3595:As-Suwayda attacks
3590:Southern offensive
3431:Qalamoun (Jul–Aug)
3341:Al-Jinah airstrike
3107:Khanasir offensive
2827:Quneitra offensive
2587:Damascus offensive
2582:Battle of Shadadeh
2444:Battle of Damascus
2434:Al-Qubeir massacre
2412:Battle of Taftanaz
2323:Battle of Zabadani
1616:on 8 February 2018
1304:on 19 October 2017
629:Russian airstrikes
583:
450:and ISIL in 2013.
432:Aleppo Governorate
397:لواء المنتصر بالله
373:فرقة المنتصر بالله
126:Syrian nationalism
89:Dates of operation
41:لواء المنتصر بالله
5339:
5338:
5317:
5316:
5313:
5312:
5270:Exclusive mandate
5247:War crimes trials
5218:2016 Geneva talks
4985:
4984:
4977:Fadlallah al-Haji
4932:Bouthaina Shaaban
4715:
4714:
4711:
4710:
4707:
4706:
4602:
4601:
4533:Al-Sanadid Forces
4528:Anti-Terror Units
4465:
4464:
4298:
4297:
4213:Syrian Resistance
4169:Politics of Syria
4141:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4133:
4132:
3908:Al-Sukhnah attack
3869:Jarqli airstrikes
3751:COVID-19 pandemic
3707:November bombings
3525:Battle of Khasham
3471:Mayadin offensive
3456:Battle of Harasta
3326:Palmyra offensive
3010:Al-Hawl offensive
2970:Qamishli bombings
2768:Latakia Offensive
2726:Battle of Markada
2539:Battle of Darayya
2515:Battle of Darayya
2439:Battle of Tremseh
2258:Syrian Revolution
2191:Islamist uprising
2143:
2142:
2139:
2138:
1998:Syrian revolution
1941:Cities and towns
1669:Hawar News Agency
1094:. 16 October 2020
749:Great Unity Party
693:Hawar News Agency
653:prisoner exchange
613:Battle for Aleppo
609:Syrian opposition
527:Raqqa Governorate
436:Syrian government
405:
381:
361:
360:
49:
5384:
5367:Free Syrian Army
5329:
5328:
5103:Humanitarian aid
5083:Chemical weapons
5078:Cities and towns
5002:
5001:
4991:
4990:
4947:Fadwa Souleimane
4937:Abdulbaset Sieda
4917:Ibrahim Qashoush
4907:Ali Habib Mahmud
4817:Hamza al-Khateeb
4812:Kamal al-Labwani
4802:Haitham al-Maleh
4797:Suheil al-Hassan
4735:Ammar Abdulhamid
4721:
4720:
4694:Malhama Tactical
4679:Caucasus Emirate
4613:
4612:
4478:
4477:
4384:Free Syrian Army
4309:
4308:
4165:
4164:
4158:
4157:
4147:
4146:
3940:
3939:
3897:
3843:
3789:
3771:Ayn Issa clashes
3740:
3628:
3501:
3426:Central campaign
3321:Qaboun offensive
3267:
3244:Battle of al-Bab
3167:Manbij offensive
3048:
2890:
2753:Al-Otaiba ambush
2706:
2577:Battle of Safira
2562:
2532:Halfaya massacre
2483:Darayya massacre
2466:Siege of Base 46
2461:Battle of Anadan
2456:Battle of Aleppo
2392:Battle of Rastan
2368:
2340:Battle of Rastan
2308:Siege of Latakia
2273:Siege of Baniyas
2239:
2196:Latakia protests
2162:
2161:
2149:
2148:
1901:Syrian civil war
1881:
1880:
1870:
1869:
1862:Syrian civil war
1855:
1848:
1841:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1798:
1791:Washington, D.C.
1784:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1704:War on the Rocks
1695:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1612:. Archived from
1599:
1593:
1592:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1529:. Archived from
1516:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1490:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1398:on 17 June 2018.
1381:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1329:
1323:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1300:. Archived from
1287:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1221:Long War Journal
1211:
1202:
1196:
1187:
1186:
1181:. Archived from
1170:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1113:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1084:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1055:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1000:
994:
993:
991:
989:
974:
965:
964:
962:
960:
943:
928:
927:
925:
923:
906:
895:
894:
892:
890:
873:
864:
863:
861:
859:
842:
823:
822:
820:
818:
804:
787:
784:
760:humanitarian aid
731:ideologies like
649:Army of Conquest
515:Free Syrian Army
461:
424:Syrian Civil War
420:Free Syrian Army
414:
410:
400:
398:
386:
376:
374:
312:Syrian Civil War
308:Battles and wars
300:
299:
298:
289:
288:
287:
278:
276:
275:
266:
264:
263:
254:
252:
251:
242:
240:
239:
227:
221:
219:
218:
212:
206:
204:
203:
182:
174:
165:Free Syrian Army
156:
145:
138:
123:
104:
96:
90:
72:
63:
54:
44:
42:
27:
26:
5392:
5391:
5387:
5386:
5385:
5383:
5382:
5381:
5342:
5341:
5340:
5335:
5309:
5258:
5242:
5147:
5061:
4996:
4981:
4962:Razan Zaitouneh
4867:Burhan Ghalioun
4842:Ammar al-Qurabi
4750:al-Assad family
4740:Ali al-Abdallah
4726:
4703:
4689:Junud al-Makhdi
4684:Ajnad al-Kavkaz
4654:
4598:
4562:
4504:
4482:DFNS Government
4472:
4461:
4437:US intervention
4429:Foreign support
4423:
4367:
4294:
4256:Liwa Fatemiyoun
4238:Foreign support
4232:
4223:al-Quds Brigade
4196:
4152:
4129:
4112:
4053:
4034:Battle of Sidon
4014:
3996:
3967:
3927:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3396:Battle of Raqqa
3351:Battle of Tabqa
3276:
3272:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3224:Dabiq offensive
3172:Tokhar massacre
3057:
3053:
3049:
3044:
3039:
2980:Kobanî massacre
2940:Idlib Offensive
2935:Battle of Bosra
2895:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2837:Siege of Kobanî
2793:Battle of Arsal
2758:Idlib offensive
2738:Battle of Morek
2711:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2604:Daraa offensive
2567:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2505:Battle of Harem
2377:
2373:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2328:Battle of Douma
2248:
2244:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2201:Damascus Spring
2156:
2135:
2114:
2110:U.S. task force
2105:Rojava conflict
2043:
2022:
1986:
1955:
1875:
1864:
1859:
1824:
1782:
1774:
1769:
1768:
1758:
1756:
1750:
1746:
1736:
1734:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1708:
1706:
1696:
1685:
1675:
1673:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1647:
1645:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1619:
1617:
1600:
1596:
1591:on 19 May 2018.
1579:
1578:
1574:
1564:
1562:
1550:
1546:
1536:
1534:
1517:
1513:
1503:
1501:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1477:
1475:
1474:. 14 April 2016
1464:
1463:
1459:
1449:
1447:
1435:
1431:
1421:
1419:
1407:
1403:
1391:Erasmus-Monitor
1382:
1373:
1363:
1361:
1351:
1347:
1339:
1332:
1324:
1317:
1307:
1305:
1288:
1277:
1267:
1265:
1255:
1251:
1243:
1236:
1226:
1224:
1212:
1205:
1197:
1190:
1185:on 1 July 2017.
1171:
1162:
1152:
1150:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1126:
1124:
1123:. 13 April 2020
1115:
1114:
1107:
1097:
1095:
1086:
1085:
1078:
1068:
1066:
1065:. 30 April 2020
1057:
1056:
1049:
1039:
1037:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1013:
1011:
1002:
1001:
997:
987:
985:
975:
968:
958:
956:
944:
931:
921:
919:
907:
898:
888:
886:
874:
867:
857:
855:
852:Middle East Eye
843:
826:
816:
814:
806:
805:
801:
796:
791:
790:
785:
781:
776:
720:
571:
501:
496:
456:
328:
296:
294:
293:
285:
283:
282:
273:
271:
270:
261:
259:
258:
249:
247:
246:
237:
235:
225:
216:
214:
213:
210:
201:
199:
188:
180:
172:
155:(February 2016)
154:
143:
139:
136:
132:
128:
124:
121:
117:
102:
97:
94:
93:Unknown – 2013
88:
75:
55:
35:
25:
12:
11:
5:
5390:
5380:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5337:
5336:
5334:
5333:
5322:
5319:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5266:
5264:
5263:Related topics
5260:
5259:
5257:
5256:
5250:
5248:
5244:
5243:
5241:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5193:39th G8 summit
5190:
5185:
5180:
5179:
5178:
5168:
5163:
5157:
5155:
5149:
5148:
5146:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5069:
5067:
5063:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5008:
5006:
4998:
4997:
4987:
4986:
4983:
4982:
4980:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4902:Bassma Kodmani
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4872:Razan Ghazzawi
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4822:Tal al-Mallohi
4819:
4814:
4809:
4807:Moaz al-Khatib
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4787:Anwar al-Bunni
4784:
4779:
4778:
4777:
4775:Hafez Makhlouf
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4747:
4745:Adnan al-Aroor
4742:
4737:
4731:
4728:
4727:
4717:
4716:
4713:
4712:
4709:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4669:Tahrir al-Sham
4665:
4663:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4621:
4619:
4610:
4604:
4603:
4600:
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4597:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4570:
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4555:
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4545:
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4525:
4520:
4514:
4512:
4506:
4505:
4503:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4486:
4484:
4475:
4467:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4433:
4431:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4375:
4373:
4369:
4368:
4366:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4329:
4328:
4317:
4315:
4306:
4300:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4293:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4281:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4260:
4259:
4258:
4248:
4242:
4240:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4197:
4195:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4173:
4171:
4162:
4154:
4153:
4143:
4142:
4139:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4127:
4120:
4118:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4064:
4062:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4025:
4023:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4012:
4006:
4004:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3982:Akashat ambush
3978:
3976:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3949:
3947:
3937:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3904:
3902:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3850:
3848:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3796:
3794:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3747:
3745:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3652:Manbij bombing
3649:
3643:
3641:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3516:
3514:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3490:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3366:Aleppo bombing
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3282:
3280:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3239:Raqqa campaign
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3063:
3061:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2901:
2899:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2822:Hama Offensive
2819:
2814:
2813:
2812:
2802:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2763:Battle of Hosn
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2717:
2715:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2648:Hatla massacre
2645:
2643:Hama offensive
2640:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2623:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2606:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2573:
2571:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2527:Hama offensive
2524:
2522:Aqrab massacre
2519:
2518:
2517:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2475:
2470:
2469:
2468:
2463:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2424:Houla massacre
2421:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2383:
2381:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2268:Siege of Daraa
2265:
2260:
2254:
2252:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2206:Qamishli riots
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2172:
2170:
2158:
2157:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2027:World reaction
2024:
2023:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1994:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1887:
1885:
1884:Main overviews
1877:
1876:
1866:
1865:
1858:
1857:
1850:
1843:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1822:
1799:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1744:
1716:
1683:
1655:
1644:. 7 March 2018
1627:
1594:
1585:Suriye Gündemi
1572:
1544:
1511:
1500:. 21 June 2016
1485:
1457:
1429:
1401:
1371:
1345:
1330:
1328:, p. 167.
1315:
1275:
1249:
1247:, p. 112.
1234:
1203:
1188:
1160:
1149:. 2 March 2018
1134:
1105:
1076:
1047:
1036:. 6 March 2018
1021:
1010:. 7 March 2018
1008:Anadolu Agency
995:
966:
948:"Leaving ISIS"
929:
896:
865:
824:
798:
797:
795:
792:
789:
788:
778:
777:
775:
772:
733:Neo-Ottomanism
719:
716:
633:Army of Aleppo
621:Sheikh Maqsood
579:flag of Turkey
570:
569:Aleppo militia
567:
543:al-Nusra Front
500:
497:
495:
492:
464:Anadolu Agency
455:
452:
448:al-Nusra Front
359:
358:
357:
356:
351:
346:
341:
340:
339:
327:
326:
325:
324:
309:
305:
304:
233:
229:
228:
211:(Aleppo group)
197:
193:
192:
190:Army of Aleppo
184:
183:
175:
162:
158:
157:
151:
147:
146:
144:(Aleppo group)
137:(Aleppo group)
134:Neo-Ottomanism
112:
106:
105:
103:(Aleppo group)
91:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
73:
65:
64:
32:
31:
18:al-Nusra Front
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5389:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5349:
5347:
5332:
5324:
5323:
5320:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5261:
5255:
5252:
5251:
5249:
5245:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5177:
5174:
5173:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5158:
5156:
5154:
5153:Peace process
5150:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5070:
5068:
5064:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5009:
5007:
5003:
4999:
4992:
4988:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4957:Yaser Tabbara
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4922:Dawoud Rajiha
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4877:Ghassan Hitto
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4847:Suheir Atassi
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4827:Fida al-Sayed
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4782:Riad al-Asaad
4780:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4770:Rami Makhlouf
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4729:
4722:
4718:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4657:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4618:
4617:Islamic State
4614:
4611:
4609:
4605:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4565:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4511:
4507:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4487:
4485:
4483:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4468:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4432:
4430:
4426:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4394:Army of Glory
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4376:
4374:
4370:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4322:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4314:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4301:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4265:
4264:
4261:
4257:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4239:
4235:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4199:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4170:
4166:
4163:
4159:
4155:
4148:
4144:
4125:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4056:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4017:
4011:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4003:
3999:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3977:
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3825:Daraa clashes
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3756:Afrin bombing
3754:
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3727:US airstrikes
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3682:June bombings
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2748:Maan massacre
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2663:Adra massacre
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2321:
2320:
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2309:
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2304:
2301:
2299:
2298:Siege of Homs
2296:
2294:
2293:Siege of Hama
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
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2046:
2040:
2037:
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2032:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1926:Belligerents
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
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1902:
1899:
1897:
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1823:9780190613181
1819:
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1672:. 9 July 2018
1671:
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1548:
1532:
1528:
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1522:
1515:
1499:
1498:Zaman al-Wasl
1495:
1489:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1461:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1433:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1405:
1397:
1393:
1392:
1387:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1360:
1356:
1349:
1343:, p. 11.
1342:
1337:
1335:
1327:
1326:Lister (2015)
1322:
1320:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1264:
1263:Syria Comment
1260:
1253:
1246:
1245:Lister (2015)
1241:
1239:
1223:
1222:
1217:
1210:
1208:
1200:
1199:Lister (2015)
1195:
1193:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1122:
1118:
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1054:
1052:
1035:
1031:
1025:
1009:
1005:
999:
984:
980:
973:
971:
955:
954:
953:Boston Review
949:
942:
940:
938:
936:
934:
918:
917:
912:
905:
903:
901:
885:
884:
879:
872:
870:
854:
853:
848:
841:
839:
837:
835:
833:
831:
829:
813:
809:
803:
799:
783:
779:
771:
769:
765:
761:
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752:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
715:
713:
709:
705:
700:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
669:
668:fully retaken
665:
660:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
624:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
593:
588:
580:
575:
566:
564:
560:
556:
555:Ahrar al-Sham
550:
548:
547:17th Division
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
507:
499:Raqqa militia
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:
471:
470:
465:
451:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
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403:
394:
390:
385:
379:
370:
366:
355:
352:
350:
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345:
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338:
335:
334:
333:
330:
329:
323:
320:
319:
318:
315:
314:
313:
310:
306:
303:
292:
281:
280:Islamic State
269:
257:
245:
234:
230:
226:(Raqqa group)
224:
209:
198:
194:
191:
187:
179:
176:
173:(Raqqa group)
171:
168:
167:
166:
163:
159:
152:
148:
142:
135:
131:
127:
122:(Raqqa group)
120:
116:
113:
111:
107:
101:
95:(Raqqa group)
92:
86:
82:
78:
71:
66:
62:
58:
53:
47:
38:
33:
28:
23:
19:
5213:Vienna talks
4887:Randa Kassis
4862:Farid Ghadry
4837:Khaled Khoja
4832:Riad al-Turk
4640:Liwa al-Aqsa
4510:SDF militias
4452:Saudi Arabia
4278:Wagner Group
4151:Belligerents
3933:
3894:
3840:
3786:
3737:
3702:Barisha raid
3625:
3498:
3264:
3045:
2887:
2703:
2559:
2365:
2236:
2166:
1804:
1786:
1757:. Retrieved
1747:
1735:. Retrieved
1728:
1719:
1707:. Retrieved
1703:
1674:. Retrieved
1667:
1658:
1646:. Retrieved
1639:
1630:
1618:. Retrieved
1614:the original
1607:
1597:
1589:the original
1584:
1575:
1563:. Retrieved
1557:
1547:
1535:. Retrieved
1531:the original
1524:
1514:
1502:. Retrieved
1497:
1488:
1478:17 September
1476:. Retrieved
1469:
1460:
1450:17 September
1448:. Retrieved
1442:
1432:
1422:17 September
1420:. Retrieved
1414:
1404:
1396:the original
1389:
1364:22 September
1362:. Retrieved
1358:
1348:
1308:17 September
1306:. Retrieved
1302:the original
1295:
1268:17 September
1266:. Retrieved
1262:
1252:
1227:17 September
1225:. Retrieved
1219:
1183:the original
1178:
1151:. Retrieved
1146:
1137:
1125:. Retrieved
1120:
1096:. Retrieved
1091:
1067:. Retrieved
1062:
1038:. Retrieved
1033:
1024:
1012:. Retrieved
1007:
998:
988:22 September
986:. Retrieved
982:
959:21 September
957:. Retrieved
951:
922:22 September
920:. Retrieved
914:
889:17 September
887:. Retrieved
881:
858:17 September
856:. Retrieved
850:
815:. Retrieved
811:
802:
782:
753:
721:
707:
701:
681:Afrin Canton
661:
657:Liwa al-Quds
625:
604:
590:
584:
551:
504:
502:
487:
483:
473:
467:
457:
434:against the
388:
364:
362:
129:
114:
99:
5285:Syria Files
4967:Rami Jarrah
4897:Michel Kilo
4882:Salim Idris
4857:Aref Dalila
4630:Dokumacılar
4419:Grey Wolves
3918:Hama attack
1772:Works cited
1737:21 November
1709:21 November
1676:21 November
1648:21 November
1641:Daily Sabah
1565:21 November
1537:20 November
1504:21 November
1416:Daily Sabah
1153:24 December
1127:24 December
1098:24 December
1069:24 December
1040:24 December
1014:24 December
817:24 February
764:Türkmen-Der
745:Grey Wolves
697:antiquities
673:Syrian Army
539:Syrian Army
486:group, and
181:(from 2017)
5346:Categories
5073:Casualties
4662:and allies
4650:Liwa Dawud
4304:Opposition
4117:Elsewhere:
2857:Idlib Raid
2167:Background
2013:Ceasefires
1609:al-Monitor
1559:Iraqi News
1147:Smart News
794:References
729:pan-Turkic
685:Afrin city
557:, and the
488:Smart News
442:, and the
83:Firas Paşa
5118:Massacres
5005:Elections
4942:Riad Seif
4608:Islamists
3934:Spillover
2181:1966 coup
2176:1963 coup
1936:Spillover
1906:Timeline
1874:Overviews
1444:Vice News
1297:al-Akhbar
916:TRT World
592:TRT World
454:Etymology
402:romanized
378:romanized
302:Hezbollah
232:Opponents
130:Elements:
46:romanized
5331:Category
5123:Refugees
4660:al-Qaeda
2154:Timeline
1730:CNN Türk
1179:NOW News
1063:Al-Araby
766:and the
737:Turanism
605:NOW News
506:NOW News
469:Al-Araby
141:Turanism
119:Islamism
110:Ideology
22:Damascus
4995:Related
4567:Support
4218:PFLP-GC
4020:Lebanon
3900:Jan-Dec
3846:Jan–Dec
3792:Jan–Dec
3743:Jan–Dec
3639:Sep–Dec
3635:May–Aug
3631:Jan–Apr
3512:Sep–Dec
3508:May–Aug
3504:Jan–Apr
3278:Sep–Dec
3274:May–Aug
3270:Jan–Apr
3059:Sep–Dec
3055:May–Aug
3051:Jan–Apr
2897:Aug–Dec
2893:Jan–Jul
2713:Aug–Dec
2709:Jan–Jul
2569:May–Dec
2565:Jan–Apr
2379:Sep–Dec
2375:May–Aug
2371:Jan–Apr
2250:Sep–Dec
2246:May–Aug
2242:Jan–Apr
1620:1 March
883:Reuters
741:Turkish
611:in the
597:Turkmen
494:History
417:Turkmen
404::
380::
161:Part of
100:present
98:2013 –
80:Leaders
57:Turkish
48::
5066:Issues
4765:Rifaat
4755:Bashar
4725:People
4457:Turkey
4126:(Iran)
4059:Turkey
1896:Rojava
1820:
1810:Oxford
1789:(22).
619:-held
587:Aleppo
482:, the
393:Arabic
369:Arabic
277:
268:Russia
265:
253:
241:
220:
208:Turkey
205:
196:Allies
37:Arabic
4760:Maher
4447:Qatar
4161:Syria
1891:Syria
1783:(PDF)
1759:3 May
1034:Vatan
774:Notes
655:with
563:Tabqa
531:Qatar
511:Raqqa
475:Vatan
244:Syria
223:Qatar
115:Main:
3973:Iraq
3895:2023
3841:2022
3787:2021
3738:2020
3626:2019
3499:2018
3265:2017
3046:2016
2888:2015
2704:2014
2560:2013
2366:2012
2237:2011
1818:ISBN
1761:2020
1739:2018
1711:2018
1678:2018
1650:2018
1622:2018
1567:2018
1539:2018
1506:2018
1480:2018
1452:2018
1424:2018
1366:2018
1310:2018
1270:2018
1229:2018
1155:2020
1129:2020
1100:2020
1092:SOHR
1071:2020
1042:2020
1016:2020
990:2018
961:2018
924:2018
891:2018
860:2018
819:2016
747:and
735:and
712:Rajo
601:Arab
599:and
521:and
480:SOHR
440:ISIL
413:lit.
363:The
256:Iran
153:350
150:Size
1359:YDH
983:YDH
727:or
689:PYD
617:YPG
525:in
444:SDF
5348::
1816:.
1812::
1808:.
1793::
1785:.
1702:.
1686:^
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