Orphanage - Knowledge

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orphanages are no longer in use, the long-term care of unwarded children by the state has been transitioned to a domestic environment, with an emphasis on replicating a family home. Many of these countries, such as the United States, utilize a system of monetary stipends paid to foster parents to incentivize and subsidize the care of state wards in private homes. A distinction must be made between foster care and adoption, as adoption would remove the child from the care of the state and transfer the legal responsibility for that child's care to the adoptive parent completely and irrevocably, whereas, in the case of foster care, the child would remain a ward of the state with the foster parent acting only as a caregiver. Orphanages, especially larger ones, have had some well publicised examples of poor care. In large institutions children, but particularly babies, may not receive enough eye contact, physical contact, and stimulation to promote proper physical, social or cognitive development. In the worst cases, orphanages can be dangerous and unregulated places where children are subject to abuse and neglect. Children living in orphanages for prolonged periods get behind in development goals, and have worse mental health. Orphanage children are not included in statistics making it easy to traffic them or abuse them in other ways. There are campaigns to include orphanage children and

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even the poorest extended families usually take in children whose parents have died. Visitors to developing countries can be taken in by orphanage scams, which can include orphanages set up as a front to get foreigners to pay school fees of orphanage directors' extended families. Alternatively the children whose upkeep is being funded by foreigners may be sent to work, not to school, the exact opposite of what the donor is expecting. The worst even sell children. In Cambodia, from 2005 to 2017, the number of orphanages increased by 75%, with many of these orphanages renting children from poor families for $ 25/month. Families are promised that their children can get free education and food here, but what really happens is that they are used as props to garner donations. Some are also bought from their parents for very little and passed on to westerners who pay a large fee to adopt them. This also happens in China. In Nepal, orphanages can be used as a way to remove a child from their parents before placing them for adoption overseas, which is equally lucrative to the owners who receive a number of official and unofficial payments and "donations". In other countries, such as

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well-meaning tourists. Often protecting the children from trafficking/abuse is cited but the names and photographs of the children are published in marketing material to attract more funding. The reality is that the safest environment for these children is almost always with their parents or in their villages with familial connections where strangers are rarely seen and immediately recognized. A very few of these orphanages, go so far as to abduct or forcibly remove children from their homes, often across the border in Myanmar. The parents in local hill tribes may be encouraged to "buy a place" in the orphanage for vast sums, being told their child will have a better future. Some children's homes claim to always try to repatriate children with their families, but the local managers & director of the homes know of no such procedures or processes.

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government. Pakistan heavily relies on the nonprofit sector and zakat to finance social issues such as aid for orphans. Zakat is a financial obligation on Muslims which requires one to donate 2.5% of the family's income to charity, and it is specifically mentioned in the Quran to take care of orphans. With the new use of zakat money from donations to investments it has a lot of potential in benefiting the development as well as the ultimate goal of poverty alleviation. The Pakistan government relies on this public sector on taking care of local issues so that they do not have the burden. Furthermore, only 6 percent of cash revenues are contributed to non-profits in Pakistan, and they are heavily favored by the government because it saves them money as non-profits are taking care of issues such as orphan care.

534:, he opened the first of the "Dr. Barnardo’s Homes" in 1870. By his death in 1905, he had established 112 district homes, which searched for and received waifs and strays, to feed, clothe and educate them. The system under which the institution was carried on is broad as follows: the infants and younger girls and boys were chiefly "boarded out" in rural districts; girls above fourteen years of age were sent to the industrial training homes, to be taught useful domestic occupations; boys above seventeen years of age were first tested in labor homes and then placed in employment at home, sent to sea, or emigrated; boys of between thirteen and seventeen years of age were trained for the various trades for which they might be mentally or physically fitted. 2751: 2973: 538: 608:

in order to study the changes in development of infants and children after they had been placed with specially trained foster families in the local community. This study demonstrated how the loving attention typically provided to children by their parents or caregivers is pivotal for optimal human development, specifically of the brain; adequate nutrition is not enough. Further research of children who were adopted from institutions in Eastern European countries to the US demonstrated that for every 3.5 months that an infant spent in the institution, they lagged behind their peers in growth by 1 month. Further, a meta-analysis of research on the

396: 2519: 2394: 2669: 2184:"For example, in the Jerusalem Association Children's Home (JACH), only 160 children remain of the 785 who were in JACH's three orphanages." / "Attitudes regarding the institutional care of children have shifted dramatically in recent years in Ethiopia. There appears to be a general recognition by MOLSA and the NGOs with which Pact is working that such care is, at best, a last resort and that serious problems arise with the social reintegration of children who grow up in institutions, and 2891:

neglected or abused by family guardians. Neither the number of children or the number of institutions is officially known, but Chambre de L'Enfance Necessiteusse Haitienne (CENH) indicated that it has received requests for assistance from nearly 200 orphanages from around the country for more than 200,000 children. Although not all are orphans, many are vulnerable or originate in vulnerable families that "hoped to increase their children's opportunities by sending them to orphanages.

134: 3030: 2369:"There are no statistics regarding the actual number of children in welfare institutions in Bangladesh. The Department of Social Services, under the Ministry of Social Welfare, has a major program named Child Welfare and Child Development in order to provide access to food, shelter, basic education, health services and other basic opportunities for hapless children." (The following numbers mention capacity only, not actual numbers of orphans at present.) 2165: 287:, 927) says: "Orphans should be placed under the care of public guardians. Men should have a fear of the loneliness of orphans and of the souls of their departed parents. A man should love the unfortunate orphan of whom he is guardian as if he were his own child. He should be as careful and as diligent in the management of the orphan's property as of his own or even more careful still." The care of orphans was referred to bishops and, during the 323: 2592:"The orphanage houses about 120 children in Giza, Menoufiya and Qalyubiya." "We provide free education and accommodation for over 200 girls and boys." "Dar Al-Mu'assassa Al-Iwaa'iya (Shelter Association), a government association affiliated with the Ministry of Social Affairs, was established in 1992. It houses about 44 children." There are also 192 children at The Awlady, 30 at Sayeda Zeinab orphanage, and 300 at My Children Orphanage. 196:

the support of abandoned children differs from country to country, and within countries. Government-run orphanages have been phased out in most developed countries during the latter half of the 20th century but continue to operate in many other regions internationally. It is now generally accepted that orphanages are detrimental to the emotional wellbeing of children, and government support goes instead towards supporting the family unit.

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conducted a study to see what the implications of this early childhood neglect were on development. Typically reared Romanian children showed high rates of secure attachment. Whereas the institutionally raised children showed huge rates of disorganized attachment. Many countries accepted the need to de-institutionalize the care of vulnerable children—that is, close down orphanages in favor of foster care and accelerated adoption.

634:. This is the name for a long string of short stays with different foster care families. Permanent temporary foster care is highly disruptive to the child and prevents the child from developing a sense of security or belonging. Placement in the home of a relative maintains and usually improves the child's connection to family members. Experts and child advocates maintain that orphanages are expensive and often harm children's 157: 254: 2776: 2282:

children. Statistics on the total number of children in orphanages nationwide are unavailable, but caregivers say their facilities were becoming unmanageably overwhelmed almost on a daily basis. Between 1994 and 1998, the number of orphans in Zimbabwe more than doubled from 200,000 to 543,000, and in five years, the number is expected to reach 900,000. (Unfortunately, there is no room for these children.)

2537: 45: 2274: 203:, orphanages may prey on vulnerable families at risk of breakdown and actively recruit children to ensure continued funding. Orphanages in developing countries are rarely run by the state. However, not all orphanages that are state-run are less corrupted; the Romanian orphanages, like those in Bucharest, were founded due to the soaring population numbers catalyzed by 2506:"It is stated that there are 20,000 orphaned children in Laos." However the figure generally remains unknown as about 30% of children are never registered with the government and remain invisible. In Laos nearly 50 per cent of the population lives below the poverty line and many children are involved in child labor. There are six orphanages that are run by 678:; four out of five children in orphanages have at least one living parent and most having some extended family. Developing countries and their governments rely on kinship care to aid in the orphan crisis because it is cheaper to financially help extended families in taking in an orphaned child than it is to institutionalize them. 2357:"At Kabul's two main orphanages, Alauddin and Tahia Maskan, the number of children enrolled has increased almost 80 percent since last January, from 700 to over 1,200 children. Almost half of these come from families who have at least one parent, but who can't support their children." The non-governmental organisation 752:"Support is sporadically given to poor families and work during daytime; correspondingly, different kinds of day centers have started up, though the quality of care in these centers is poorly measured and difficult to monitor. A smaller number of children have also been able to be relocated into foster families". 2733:

It is estimated that more than 10,000 children are living in 44 orphanages. In general, "many children are abandoned due to extreme poverty and harsh living conditions. Some may be raised by family members or neighbors but the majority live in crowded orphanages until the age of fifteen when they are

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to sponsor all helpless Bahraini orphans and widows. Since then almost 7,000 Bahraini families are granted monthly payments, annual school bags, and a number of university scholarships. Graduation ceremonies, various social and educational activities, and occasional contests are held each year by the

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There are many state orphanages "where several thousand children are kept and which are still part of an outdated child care system". The conditions for them are bad because the government does not pay enough attention in improving the living standards for disabled children in Serbia's orphanages and

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Clamour for change led to the birth of the orphanage movement. In England, the movement really took off in the mid-19th century although orphanages such as the Orphan Working Home in 1758 and the Bristol Asylum for Poor Orphan Girls in 1795, had been set up earlier. Private orphanages were founded by

3013:. Also, the term "children's home" became more common for those still existing. Over the past few decades, orphanages in the U.S. have been replaced with smaller institutions that try to provide a group home or boarding school environment. Most children who would have been in orphanages are in these 708:

Developing nations are lacking in child welfare and their well-being because of a lack of resources. Research that is being collected in the developing world shows that these countries focus purely on survival indicators instead of a combination of their survival and other positive indicators like a

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Most of the children living in institutions around the world have a surviving parent or close relative, and they most commonly entered orphanages because of poverty. It is speculated that flush with money, orphanages are increasing and push for children to join even though demographic data show that

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Research from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project (BEIP) is often cited as demonstrating that residential institutions negatively impact the wellbeing of children. The BEIP selected orphanages in Bucharest, Romania that raised abandoned children in socially and emotionally deprived environments

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Foster care operates by taking in children from their homes due to the lack of care or abuse of their parents, where orphanages take in children with no parents or children whose parents have dropped them off for a better life, typically due to income. Major charities are increasingly focusing their

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Evidence from a variety of studies supports the vital importance of attachment security and later development of children. Deinstitutionalization of orphanages and children's homes program in the United States began in the 1950s, after a series of scandals involving the coercion of birth parents and

387:. Parliament soon came to the conclusion that the indiscriminate admission should be discontinued. The hospital adopted a system of receiving children only with considerable sums. This practice was finally stopped in 1801, and it henceforth became a fundamental rule that no money was to be received. 382:

resolved that all children offered should be received, that local receiving places should be appointed all over the country, and that the funds should be publicly guaranteed. A basket was accordingly hung outside the hospital; the maximum age for admission was raised from two months to twelve, and a

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Haitians and expatriate childcare professionals are careful to make it clear that Haitian orphanages and children's homes are not orphanages in the North American sense, but instead shelters for vulnerable children, often housing children whose parent(s) are poor as well as those who are abandoned,

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Since 2012 the number of children adopted by foreigners has gradually been reducing. By 2016, the number of children adopted by foreigners had been reduced to around 200 from about 2,000 in 2012. A bit more than a thousand children were adopted by Ukrainians in 2016. During 2019 1,419 children were

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India is in the top 10 and also has a very large number of orphans as well as a destitute child population. Orphanages operated by the state are generally known as juvenile homes. In addition, there is a vast number of privately run orphanages running into thousands spread across the country. These

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now has "a completely new, world class, state of the art, child health development policy." Dickensian orphanages remain in Romania, but Romania seeks to replace institutions by family care services, as children in need will be protected by social services. As of 2018, there were 17,718 children in

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There are estimated to be about 31,000 orphans (0–14 years old) in Albanian orphanages. (2012 statistics) In most cases they were abandoned by their parents. At 14 they are required, by law, to leave their orphanage and live on their own. There are approximately 10 small orphanages in Albania; each

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continue to provide care and support for children in need. While a place like the Milton Hershey School houses nearly 2,000 children, each child lives in a small group-home environment with "house parents" who often live many years in that home. Children who grow up in these residential homes have

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of children in orphanages found lower IQs among the children in many institutions, but this result was not found in the low-income country setting. Worldwide, residential institutions like orphanages can often be detrimental to the psychological development of affected children. In countries where

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was established that aggressively promoted population growth, banning contraception and abortions for women with fewer than four children, despite the wretched poverty of most families. After Ceausescu was overthrown, he left a society unable and unwilling to take care of its children. Researchers

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and children who, for various reasons, cannot be cared for by their biological families. The parents may be deceased, absent, or abusive. There may be substance abuse or mental illness in the biological home, or the parent may simply be unwilling to care for the child. The legal responsibility for

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A 2007 survey sponsored by Africa (previously Orphan Aid Africa) and carried out by the Department of Social Welfare came up with the figure of 4,800 children in institutional care in 148 orphanages. The government is currently attempting to phase out the use of orphanages in favor of foster care

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According to a UNICEF report in 2016, there are around 4.2 million orphaned children in Pakistan. Pakistan has had sizable economic growth from 1950 to 1999 yet they aren't performing well in multiple social indicators like education and health, and this is mainly due to the corrupt and unstable

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There are approximately 2 million highly vulnerable children in Vietnam with an estimated 500,000 orphaned or abandoned children. There are a number of orphanages present in the country including the Vinh Son Montagnard Orphanage, however these are generally privately funded. There are very few

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There are 39 privately run children's charity homes, or orphanages, in the country, and the government operates eight of its own. Privately run Orphanages can accommodate an average of 2000 children, though some are very small and located in very remote areas, hence can take in less than 150

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There are still a substantial number of NGOs and informal Orphanages in Thailand, particularly in Northern Thailand near the borders of Laos and Myanmar, e.g. around Chiang Rai. Very few of the children in these establishments are orphans, most have living parents. They attract funding from

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However, as of 2016, Japanese orphanages are severely underfunded, relying heavily on volunteer work. There are 602 foster homes across Japan, each with 30 to 100 children. A large portion of children in these orphanages are not actually orphans but victims of domestic abuse or neglect.

2230:"Currently, there are 52 orphanages in Tanzania caring for about 3,000 orphans and vulnerable children." A world bank document on Tanzania showed it was six times more expensive to institutionalize a child there than to help the family become functional and support the child themselves. 2246:

In Nigeria, a rapid assessment of orphans and vulnerable children conducted in 2004 with UNICEF support revealed that there were about seven million orphans in 2003 and that 800,000 more orphans were added during that same year. Out of this total number, about 1.8 million are

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While the term "orphanage" is no longer typically used in the United States, nearly every US state continues to operate residential group homes for children in need of a safe place to live and in which to be supported in their educational and life-skills pursuits. Homes like the

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Since 2000, South Africa does not license orphanages any more but they continue to be set up unregulated and potentially more harmful. Theoretically, the policy supports community-based family homes but this is not always the case. One example is the homes operated by Thokomala.

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There are 4 orphanages in the major cities and 64 boarding schools in Tajikistan, where 8275 children are being educated. Those four orphanages raise 185 children up to 3 years old. In total there are 160 orphans. This small number is likely due to the popularity of adopting.

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9,500 – State institutions 250 – babies in three available "baby homes" 400 – Destitute Children's Rehabilitation Centre 100 – Vocational Training Centre for Orphans and Destitute Children 1,400 -Sixty-five Welfare and Rehabilitation Programmes for Children with Disability

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In 2010, Bulgaria adopted a national strategic plan for the period 2010–2025 to improve the living standards of the country's children. Bulgaria is working hard to get all institutions closed within the next few years and find alternative ways to take care of the children.

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As of 2010, 11,945 children lived in 269 residential care facilities in Cambodia. About 44% were placed there by a parent. However it is estimated that there are 553,000 orphans in the country. Most of these children are cared for by their extended family or community.

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There are at least 602 child care homes housing 15,095 children in Nepal "Orphanages have turned into a Nepalese industry there is rampant abuse and a great need for intervention." Many do not require adequate checks of their volunteers, leaving children open to abuse.

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UNICEF maintains the same number at present. "While the number of state homes for orphans in the whole of Iraq was 25 in 1990 (serving 1,190 children); both the number of homes and the number of beneficiaries has declined. The quality of services has also declined."

2660:"In 1999, the number of children living in orphanages witnessed a considerable drop as compared to 1998. The number dropped from 1,980 to 1,714 orphans. This is due to the policy of child re-integration in their household adopted by the Ministry of Social Affairs." 2221:

Out of 400,000 orphans, 5,000 are living in orphanages. The Government of Rwanda are working with Hope and Homes for Children to close the first institution and develop a model for community-based childcare which can be used across the country and ultimately Africa

415:, although often brutal, was an attempt at the time to house orphans as well as other vulnerable people in society who could not support themselves in exchange for work. Conditions, especially for the women and children, were so bad as to cause an outcry among the 629:

concluded that institutional care in America in the 20th century produced the same health, emotional, intellectual, mental, and physical outcomes as care by relatives, and better than care in the homes of strangers. One explanation for this is the prevalence of

2791:", because the parents are either financially destitute, abusive, or addicted to drugs or alcohol and thus are unable to raise them. Due to a lack of funding and overcrowding the conditions at these orphanages are often poor, especially for disabled children. 2376:

The private welfare institutions are mostly known as orphanages and madrassahs. The authorities of most of these orphanages put more emphasis on religion and religious studies. One example follows: 400 – Approximately – Nawab Sir Salimullah Muslim Orphanage.

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efforts on the re-integration of orphans in order to keep them with their parents or extended family and communities. Orphanages are no longer common in the European Community, and Romania, in particular, has struggled greatly to reduce the visibility of its

915:, as there were so few places in orphanages, or else they were left to fend for themselves on the street. Such openings in orphanages as were available could only be obtained by collecting votes for admission, placing them out of reach of poor families. 2408:

While some of these places endeavor to place the children for adoption a vast majority just care and educate them till they are of legal majority age and help place them back on their feet. Prominent organizations in this field include BOYS TOWN,

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There are few webpages for Russian orphanages in English. "Of a total of more than 600,000 children classified as being 'without parental care' (most of them live with other relatives and fosters), as many as one-third reside in institutions."

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The number of orphans is expected to be 5,000 in 2023 in South Sudan. And in 2018, the UN Children Fund (UNICEF) reported that about 15,000 children in South Sudan had become separated from their families or were missing due to conflict.

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The committee made recommendations, such as proposals for the adoption of a new "national 14" action plan for children for at least the next five years, and the creation of an independent institution for the protection of child rights.

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OAfrica, previously OrphanAid Africa, has been working in Ghana since 2002, to get children out of orphanages and into families, in partnership with the government and as the only private implementing partner of the National Plan of

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There have been scandals especially with regard to adoption. Since government rules restrict funds unless there are a certain number of residents, some orphanages make sure the resident numbers remain high at the cost of adoption.

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There are 7000 children living in Bulgarian orphanages wrongly classified as orphaned. Only 10 percent of these are orphans, with the rest of the children placed in orphanages for temporary periods when the family is in crisis.

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Groza, Victor K.; Bunkers, Kelley Mccreery; Gamer, Gary N. (2011). "Vii. Ideal Components and Current Characteristics of Alternative Care Options for Children Outside of Parental Care in Low-Resource Countries".

2911:, but these include only orphanages that meet their criteria. They estimate receiving ten requests per week for assistance from additional orphanages and children's homes, but some of these are repeat requests." 3547: 3062:

Prior to the establishment of state care for orphans in First World countries, private charities existed to take care of destitute orphans, over time other charities have found other ways to care for children.

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In Sweden, there are 5,000 children in the care of the state. None of them are currently living in an orphanage, because there is a social service law which requires that the children reside in a family home.

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placements and adoption. At least eighty-eight homes have been closed since the passage of the National Plan of Action for Orphans and Vulnerable Children. The website www.ovcghana.org details these reforms.

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van IJzendoorn, MH, Luijk. M, Juffer, F. IQ of Children Growing Up in Children's Homes: A Meta-Analysis on IQ Delays in Orphanages. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, Volume 54, Number 3, July 2008, pp. 341-366

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There are over 700 public and privates orphanages in Mexico which house over 30,000 children. In 2018 it was estimated that 400,000 children lacked parents. Of these 100,000 are thought to be homeless.

2718:", meaning that they have at least one living parent who has given them up to the state. In 2011 Russian authorities registered 88,522 children who became orphans that year (down from 114,715 in 2009). 129:" for all those who – having the means to rear a child – choose to abandon him/her instead. Such ex-communication may not be canceled until the culprit refunds all freights incurred to raise the baby. 2998:

higher rates of high school and college graduation than those who spend equivalent numbers of years in the US Foster Care system, wherein only 44 to 66 percent of children graduate from high school.

4926: 4753: 4474: 4425: 4721: 4675: 4643: 4560: 4528: 2928:, the number of orphans has skyrocketed, and the living conditions for orphans have seriously deteriorated. Official numbers are hard to find due to the general state of chaos in the country. 4606: 2725:

In 2011, there were 1344 institutions for orphans in Russia, including 1094 orphanages ("children's homes") and 207 special ("corrective") orphanages for children with serious health issues.

975: 3021:, or with foster families. Adopting from RTCs, group homes, or foster families does not require working with an adoption agency, and in many areas, fostering to adopt is highly encouraged. 692:

While many orphanages are run as not for profit institutions, some orphanages are run as for profit ventures. This has been criticized as incentivizing against the welfare of the orphans.

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Swain, Sherlee. "History of Adoption and Fostering in Australia by Sherlee Swain." History of Adoption and Fostering in Australia. Oxford University, 28 January 2013. Web. 5 October 2013.

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A large amount of children on the island of Jamaica grow up without a parental relationship as a result of their parents' death. An example of places for these lone children to go to are

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A 1999 study by UNICEF "recommended the rebuilding of national capacity for the rehabilitation of orphans." The new project "will benefit all the 1,190 children placed in orphanages."

700:, orphanages are run as businesses, which will attract donations and make the owners rich; often the conditions orphans are kept in will deliberately be poor to attract more donations. 802:

Social Workers' opportunities have increased by establishing more foster homes and aggressive family members can now be forced away from home, instead of replacing the child/children.

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Orphanages were also set up in the United States from the early 19th century; for example, in 1806, the first private orphanage in New York (the Orphan Asylum Society, now

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works to replace institutions with community-based services that provide children with access to health, education, and social care tailored to their individual needs.

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There are about 101 orphanages in Malawi. There is a UNICEF/Government driven program on de-institutionalization, but few orphanages are yet involved in the program.

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there are 105 institutions. 41 percent of the institutions each have more than 60 children. Lithuania has the highest number of orphaned children in Northern Europe.

356:, as a children's home for the "education and maintenance of exposed and deserted young children." The first children were admitted into a temporary house located in 5488: 2290:

In Togo, there were an estimated 280,000 orphans under 18 years of age in 2005, 88,000 of them orphaned by AIDS. Ninety-six thousand orphans in Togo attend school.

7059: 3483: 888:, child abandonment was rampant, and orphanages were set up to reduce infant mortality. Such places were often so full of children that nurses often administered 4008: 2439:

The number of orphanages and orphans drastically dropped from 15 institutions and 2,216 persons in 1971 to 9 institutions and 638 persons by the end of 2001.

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A few large international charities continue to fund orphanages, but most are still commonly founded by smaller charities and religious groups. Especially in

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is the world's largest non-governmental, non-denominational child welfare organization that provides loving family homes for orphaned and abandoned children.

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after the last orphanage closed in 1979. Spurgeons Children's Charity provides support to vulnerable and disadvantaged children and families across England.

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for four years; at fourteen, boys were apprenticed into a variety of occupations, typically for seven years. There was a small benevolent fund for adults.

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In 2021 it was recorded that there were 406,138 orphans living in orphan homes and families in Russia. UNICEF estimates that 95% of these children are "

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There are currently over 600,000 abandoned orphans living in China (some would put the figure as high as 1 million). Of these, 98% have special needs.

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A 1999 survey of 36,000 orphans found the following number in institutional care: 64 in registered institutions and 164 in unregistered institutions.

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No verifiable information for the number of children actually in orphanages. The number of orphaned and abandoned children is approximately 500,000.

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Note: There are about 185 orphanages in Egypt. The above information was taken from the following articles: "Other families" by Amany Abdel-Moneim.

650:, and they frequently specialize in a particular population with psychiatric or behavioral problems, e.g., a group home for children and teens with 4083: 3887: 2477:

Approximately 39,000 children live in orphanages in Japan out of the 45,000 (2018 statistics) who are not able to live with their birth parents.

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assists orphans in contemporary Afghanistan. Nowadays the number of orphanages had changed. There are approximately 19 orphanages only in Kabul.

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Child flow to orphanages has been stopped and children are now protected by social services. Violation of children's rights leads to litigation.

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by separating them from their families and that it would be more effective and cheaper to aid close relatives who want to take in the orphans.

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set up targeted alternative services to support vulnerable families at risk of separation such as mother and baby units and day care centres.

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Johnson, Rebecca; Browne, Kevin; Hamilton-Giachritsis, Catherine (1 January 2006). "Young Children in Institutional Care at Risk of Harm".

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A comprehensive national strategy for strengthening the rights of children was adopted by Parliament in 2007 and will run until 2032.

7492: 7406: 6346: 3865: 3079:, victims of abuse and at-risk youth. It runs fifty computer centers in twenty-five countries, serving over 10,000 children worldwide 1928: 6554: 4403: 7312: 6018: 6158: 5228: 144: 7473: 7327: 6637: 6210:Численность детей, оставшихся без попечения родителей, выявленных и учтенных на конец отчетного года (значение показателя за год) 3834: 1128: 1049: 485: 7537: 7332: 6513:"A photoreport: "From Heart to Heart – 2": a trip to the rural orphanages of Zaporozhye region:: Zaporozhzhya orphans. Ukraine" 3809: 3371: 2787:, there were an estimated 100,000 orphans in Ukraine's state-run facilities. Of this number about 80 percent are described as " 66: 53: 7079: 6291: 6272: 6253: 6212: 6132: 5627: 3740: 3714: 3128:

agencies in America, and in addition to working in 51 countries, advocates for ethical practices in American adoption agencies

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Dozier, Mary (1 June 2014). "Romania's Abandoned Children: Deprivation, Brain Development, and the Struggle for Recovery".

3451: 572: 360:. At first, no questions were asked about child or parent, but a distinguishing token was put on each child by the parent. 3050:

It is estimated that 550,000 children grow up without parents in Peru. Many of the children in orphanages are considered “

2469:, "There are now 17,000 children in public orphanages throughout the country and untold numbers at private institutions." 1263: 433:, highlighted the plight of the vulnerable and the often abusive conditions that were prevalent in the London orphanages. 7371: 7349: 5505: 5034: 3124:

is a nonprofit child advocacy organization based in Alexandria, Virginia. It is the largest association of international

6472: 6328: 6106: 3548:"Inclusion Europe | Committee of Ministers: Recommendation on Deinstitutionalization of Children with Disabilities" 7383: 6845:

Conger, D. Rebeck, A. "How Children's Foster Care Experiences Affect Their Education." Vera Institute of Justice. 2001.

6687: 5726:

Ghaus-Pasha, Aisha; Iqbal, Muhammad Asif (2002). "Non-profit Sector in Pakistan: Government Policy and Future Issues".

3424: 868:(1633-1922) in Stockholm, which remained the biggest orphanage in Sweden for centuries. In 1785, however, a reform by 6362: 7206: 5710: 4327: 3835:"Three British evangelicals cast blame on each other in trials over child abuse at Albanian orphanage | Society" 2579: 1422: 379: 367:

in the countryside, where they stayed until they were about four or five years old. At sixteen, girls were generally

84: 4164: 4142: 7478: 7418: 7211: 5611: 4363: 3239: 3204: 3174: 3018: 1777: 334:

in the 18th century led to the establishment of the first charitable institutions that would cater to orphans. The

230: 222: 4222:"China: Adopted Children May Have Been Stolen From Their Families, Holly Williams Reports – Sky News Video Player" 4195: 7482: 7277: 7123: 6717: 5174: 2074: 717:

The orphanages and institutions remaining in Europe tend to be in Eastern Europe and are generally state-funded.

481: 6887: 4859: 7377: 7365: 5674:

Easterly, William (June 2001). "The Political Economy of Growth Without Development A Case Study of Pakistan".

3194: 2918:

estimated there were 380,000 orphans in Haiti, which has a population of just over 9 million, according to the

2350: 2750: 2618:

There is still at least one orphanage in Sudan although the conditions there have been reported as very poor.

824:

The Romanian child welfare system is in the process of being revised and has reduced the flow of infants into

7267: 7175: 6963: 6289:Число специальных (коррекционных) школ-интернатов для детей-сирот и детей, оставшихся без попечения родителей 2937: 6061: 3307: 810:

More than 8800 children are being raised in state institutions, but only three percent of them are orphans.

114: 7522: 7395: 6043: 5982: 5808: 3923: 3068: 3014: 2096: 1543: 872:

stipulated that orphans should first and foremost always be placed in foster homes when that was possible.

647: 531: 234: 5870: 5301: 5152: 5102: 2972: 7630: 7322: 7317: 7170: 6586: 3214: 3088: 2784: 2635:

The "Royal Charity Organization" is a Bahraini governmental charity organization founded in 2001 by King

1432: 546: 461: 412: 4087: 537: 7564: 6669: 3101: 2908: 2561: 734: 31: 17: 3972: 7401: 7287: 7242: 3657: 3339: 3275: 3159: 3002: 2858: 2636: 2552: 2507: 2061: 1896: 5684: 4349: 3009:, most orphanages in the U.S. began closing or converting to boarding schools or different kinds of 7487: 7450: 7423: 7412: 7196: 3144: 2941: 2892: 1677: 1569: 1390: 5409: 5250: 2176:) appear to be funded by donors, often from Western nations, rather than by domestic governments. 7595: 7180: 7087: 6298:– Единая межведомственная информационно-статистическая система (Official Russian Statistics Site) 6279:– Единая межведомственная информационно-статистическая система (Official Russian Statistics Site) 6260:– Единая межведомственная информационно-статистическая система (Official Russian Statistics Site) 6219:– Единая межведомственная информационно-статистическая система (Official Russian Statistics Site) 5787: 5466:"IRIN Asia | NEPAL: Protecting children from abuser-volunteers | Nepal | Children" 5225:"Ministry of Gender and Family Promotion – MINISTER'S VISIT TO HOPE AND HOMES FOR CHILDREN (HHC)" 5009: 4957:

Allmänna Barnhouse 1713-1900 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Storstockholms genealogists förening. 2008.

2854: 6000: 5579: 4912: 7625: 7585: 7292: 7227: 5964: 5679: 5120: 4069: 3270: 3072: 2405:

are run by various trusts, religious groups, individual citizens, citizens groups, NGO's, etc.

2023: 1548: 1179: 1070: 1023: 160: 6918: 6864: 5440: 625:

The benefit of foster care over orphanages is disputed. One significant study carried out by

403:

By the early nineteenth century, the problem of abandoned children in urban areas, especially

7282: 7201: 7160: 7150: 7093: 7080:

Keeping Children Out of Harmful Institutions: Why we should be investing in family-based care

5928: 5757: 4983: 4837: 3675:

Johnson, Dana; Dole (1999). "International Adoptions: Implications for Early Interventions".

3259: 3249: 3244: 2982: 2925: 2795:

adopted. In 2020 2,047 children were adopted, in 1,890 cases the adoption was carried out by

1924: 609: 395: 176: 6533: 5335: 7429: 7344: 7302: 7297: 6615: 6381:"100,000 children in Ukraine confined to Soviet-style orphanage system that resists reform" 4244: 3614: 3169: 3164: 2904: 2358: 1743: 1461: 889: 869: 511: 499: 473: 307: 200: 6343: 5199: 4890:"Half a million kids survived Romania's 'slaughterhouses of souls.' Now they want justice" 207: 8: 7620: 7247: 7237: 7232: 7116: 6551: 6407: 6087: 3254: 2807: 1716: 1666: 646:

Another alternative is group homes which are used for short-term placements. They may be

3618: 7155: 6832: 6162: 5745: 5648: 5557: 4337: 4270: 4051: 3977: 3791: 3638: 2920: 2896: 2796: 2173: 1795: 1518: 1229: 1224: 941: 465: 342: 335: 314:

and placed public responsibility on individual parishes to care for the indigent poor.

6644: 6185: 5530: 5276:"Press center – Millions of orphans in Nigeria need care and access to basic services" 5056: 7580: 7389: 7307: 7165: 6510: 6498: 6494: 5706: 5495: 5465: 4701: 4586: 4451: 4323: 4047: 3881: 3783: 3688: 3630: 3529: 3404: 3149: 2709: 2547: 1149: 1093: 635: 542: 270: 242: 180: 5871:"S. Korea Tries to Take Care of Its Own With Domestic Adoptions - Los Angeles Times" 4811: 3795: 3375: 1890:

Church of England Incorporated Society for Providing Homes for Waifs and Strays 1893

7542: 7262: 6512: 6288: 6269: 6250: 6209: 6136: 5749: 5735: 5081: 4315: 4043: 3775: 3744: 3718: 3684: 3642: 3622: 3525: 3521: 3234: 2900: 2846: 2673: 2086: 1861: 1631: 1156: 993: 819: 726:

one having only 12-40 children residing there. The larger ones would be state-run.

585: 303: 274: 62: 6251:Общее число учреждений для детей-сирот и детей, оставшихся без попечения родителей 5833: 2640:

organization for the benefit of orphans and widows sponsored by the organization.

1136: 836:

old-style residential centers, a significant decrease from about 100,000 in 1990.

595:

Some have stated it is important to understand the reasons for child abandonment,

7517: 7272: 7021: 6892: 6558: 6540: 6350: 6332: 6295: 6276: 6257: 6216: 5615: 5108: 4292: 4113: 3479:

America Past and Present Online-Charles Loring Brace, The Life of The Street Rats

3398: 3264: 3082: 3001:

Some private orphanages still exist in the United States apart from governmental

2877:

Orphans, children (0–17 years) orphaned due to all causes, 2005, estimate 25,000

2518: 1731: 1161: 864: 659: 655: 626: 614: 489: 424: 283: 278: 122: 110: 6941: 5364: 4785: 3941: 745:

The Bulgarian government has shown interest in strengthening children's rights.

7558: 7502: 7109: 6422: 6270:Число детских домов для детей-сирот и детей, оставшихся без попечения родителей 5740: 5279: 3605:

Nelson, Charles; et al. (2007). "Cognitive Recovery in Socially 1143921".

3219: 3189: 2994: 1503: 1171: 1015: 663: 589: 554: 457: 368: 296: 6985: 5777: 2668: 2385:

Orphans, Children (0–17 years) orphaned due to all causes, 2010, estimate 51.

7614: 7512: 7507: 7339: 7086: 7055: 7050: 6403:"Ukraine's Jews walk narrow line between murderous past and uncertain future" 6325: 6110: 3904: 3779: 3533: 3400:

Coram's Children: Growing Up in the Care of the Foundling Hospital: 1900-1955

3357: 3179: 3111: 3051: 2788: 2715: 2043: 1193: 1166: 885: 442: 416: 357: 238: 215: 138: 6718:"Not All Orphanages Are Equal: Make Sure You Support a Trusted Organization" 6695: 5494:(Report). Terre des Hommes Founddation, and Hope for Himalayan Kids, Nepal. 4984:"Victoria County History: Wiltshire: Vol 8 pp 132-134 – Warminster: Schools" 3626: 3428: 3094:

Stockwell Home and later Birchington, started by Charles H Spurgeon, is now

3091:

are working with governments to deinstitutionalize their child care systems.

2393: 117:, the church of an orphanage in Venice. The plaque cites on a Papal bull by 7547: 7101: 5946: 4319: 3787: 3634: 3229: 3224: 3107: 3006: 2986: 2842: 2838: 2188:

through family reunification and independent living are being emphasized."

1904: 1587: 1113: 949: 687: 568: 429: 420: 345: 339: 331: 6815:"Crossnore School & Children's Home - Foster Care - Clinical Services" 6447: 6308: 5852:"At Saigon orphanage, babies are left with no names and lots of questions" 4221: 2742:

Approximate total – 1,773 (1993 statistics for "all types of orphanages")

218:

and incentivized procreation in order to increase the Romanian workforce.

133: 7590: 7257: 7136: 6229: 5965:"'They don't deserve this kind of life:' Meet China's abandoned children" 4381: 4172: 3199: 3154: 3075:

based in New York City that focuses on developing vocational schools for

2850: 2681: 2397: 2248: 1107: 477: 446: 311: 288: 258: 164: 156: 5608: 4055: 3029: 2853:

care. Notable former orphanages include the Melbourne Orphanage and the

2320:

Children (0–17 years) orphaned due to all causes, 2005, estimate 560,000

2304:

Children (0–17 years) orphaned due to all causes, 2005, estimate 340,000

7068:. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 411. 6854:"A Critical Look at The Foster Care System: Foster Care Outcomes." 2015 6757: 6511:

Albert Pavlov (translated from Russian by Anna Large) (21 March 2007).

6044:"South Sudan orphanage restoring hope to young victims of civil strife" 5013: 3209: 3010: 2164: 2149: 2028: 2011: 1825: 1809: 1704: 1258: 1209: 901: 825: 576: 226: 184: 5911:"'3keys' NPO founder sheds light on Japan's poor orphanage conditions" 7532: 7455: 7252: 6088:"Number of orphans decreases in Russia by 13% - Children's Ombudsman" 3095: 2120: 2081: 1996: 1772: 1582: 1490: 1242: 912: 908: 784: 697: 523: 515: 503: 438: 408: 364: 322: 292: 188: 5892: 3396: 7132: 7003: 3139: 3125: 2990: 2691: 2603:(13 December 2001). "A Child by Any Other Name" by Réhab El-Bakry. 2238: 1845: 1841: 1790: 1735: 1065: 1036: 519: 480:

became a popular alternative from the mid-19th century. Later, the

384: 211: 204: 149: 118: 7049:

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the

453:

were also set up to provide pauper children with basic education.

299:

to households to ensure their support and to learn an occupation.

253: 6735: 5782: 3765: 2895:

provides assistance to 120 orphanages with 9,000 children in the

2145:

St Philip's Orphanage, (RC Institution for Poor Orphan Children)

1563: 1427: 1410: 1009: 963: 897: 832: 353: 266: 221:

Today's residential institutions for children, also described as

6363:"Adoptions in Tajikistan: Everyone Wants to Adopt a Newborn Boy" 6065: 4271:"BBC News – Nepal comes to terms with foreign adoptions tragedy" 2841:

and up to the 1970s. Instead, children are mainly put in either

2775: 295:. As soon as they were old enough, children were often given as 6459:

What happened to Ukrainian children in care who fled to Poland?

5200:"Africa – Africa Region Human Development Working Paper Series" 4507:"One Heart Bulgaria – Non-profit Humanitarian Aid Organization" 3076: 3042:"...currently there are about 200,000 children in orphanages." 3033:

In a Colombian orphanage, a nurse takes care of three children.

2915: 1938: 1726: 1600: 1004: 796: 675: 651: 526:

children adrift in the cities of England and encouraged by the

404: 349: 302:

In medieval Europe, care for orphans tended to reside with the

192: 6638:"Report page 14 and 15 of actual report, not web page counter" 5305: 4506: 2684:

countries, orphanages are better known as "children's homes" (

6814: 6796: 6476: 2353:

donates clothing, blankets to Khowst orphanage in Afghanistan

2317:

Children (0–17 years) orphaned by AIDS, 2005, estimate 25,000

2301:

Children (0–17 years) orphaned by AIDS, 2005, estimate 31,000

2105: 2101: 1645: 959:

Bristol Asylum for Poor Orphan Girls (Blue Maids' Orphanage)

893: 495: 399:

A group of orphans at Crumpsall Workhouse in the 19th century

126: 5175:"Social Protection and Risk Management – Social Safety Nets" 1873:

Birmingham Working Boy's Home (for boys over the age of 13)

6782: 4036:

Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development

3862:"South Africa: Homes close down for violating human rights" 2814: 981: 372: 30:

This article is about the institution. For other uses, see

3057: 2734:

sent into the community to make a living for themselves."

2273: 799:. Orphaned children are now protected by social services. 5531:"Poverty forces Kabul parents to send kids to orphanages" 3709: 3707: 2599:(5/1999). "Ramadan brings a charity to Egypt's orphans". 1721:

The William Baker Memorial Technical School for Boys 1922

326:

The Foundling Hospital. The building has been demolished.

6495:

The number of adoptions has sharply increased in Ukraine

4862:[Developments in the field of child protection] 795:

Children's rights enjoy relatively strong protection in

265:

The Romans formed their first orphanages around 400 AD.

3495: 3493: 2754:

Belovodski Preschool Orphanage in Karabalta, Kyrgyzstan

907:

Orphaned children were placed in either prisons or the

831:

According to Baroness Emma Nicholson, in some counties

6423:"Ukraine orphanages: Children tied up and men in cots" 3704: 27:

Residential institution devoted to the care of orphans

5587: 4469: 4467: 2960:

Casa Hogar Jeruel Orphanage in Chihuahua City, Mexico

2690:). After reaching school age, all children enroll at 113:"), the place to abandon children at the side of the 6964:"The Children of Guatemala | BBC World Service" 6487: 6485: 6019:"Sudan Activists appeal for Orphanage where 54 died" 4310:

Gabel, Shirley Gatenio; Kamerman, Sheila B. (2012).

3921: 3832: 3490: 7553:

Child abductions in the Russian invasion of Ukraine

5037:. What everyone should know about Leominster's past 2522:

Orphan girls at the Aleppo Armenian orphanage, 1923

5057:"A Brief History of the Waifs and Strays' Society" 4464: 4312:Assessing child well-being in developing countries 4293:"Bali orphanages: How tourist cash funds a racket" 4133: 4131: 3122:Joint Council on International Children's Services 2172:The majority of African orphanages (especially in 269:prescribed care for the widow and the orphan, and 6888:"Are There Any Traditional Orphanages in the US?" 6833:"Careers as Houseparents - Milton Hershey School" 6482: 5431: 5429: 5427: 5400: 5398: 5396: 5355: 5353: 4032: 510:A very influential philanthropist of the era was 7612: 6468: 6466: 5725: 4826: 3579:. UNICEF Europe and Central Asia. Archived from 2993:and the Crossnore School and Children's Home in 2610:Orphanage Project in Egypt—www.littlestlamb.org 2323:Orphan school attendance ratio, 1999–2005 74,000 2307:Orphan school attendance ratio, 1999–2005 71,000 6907: 5460: 5458: 4141:. Myrepublica.Com. 12 June 2011. Archived from 4128: 2513: 1701:Manchester and Salford Boys' and Girls' Refuge 764:As of 2009, there are 35 different orphanages. 6885: 5609:Women And Children In Disadvantaged Situations 5424: 5393: 5350: 5167: 3901:Could 2017 be the year we leave no one behind? 2976:St. Elizabeth's orphanage in New Orleans, 1940 2880: 2277:Mother of Peace AIDS orphanage, Zimbabwe, 2005 1787:St Theresa Roman Catholic Orphanage for Girls 862:One of the first orphanages in Sweden was the 7117: 6463: 5762:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 ( 4902: 4309: 3999: 3973:"Aid Gives Alternative to African Orphanages" 3397:Oliver, Christine and Peter Aggleton (2000). 2758:Partial information: 85 – Ivanovka Orphanage 2695: 2685: 1983:South Street. London Road, Southwark, London 1657:Wesleyan Methodist National Children's Homes 1377:The Sailors' Orphan Girls' School & Home 674:Most children who live in orphanages are not 602: 103: 7131: 6942:"HowStuffWorks "Orphanages and Foster Care"" 5455: 4978: 4976: 4834:"Hope and Homes for Children | Romania" 4002:Keeping Children Out of Harmful Institutions 3372:"Ashlyns School, Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire" 3294: 3292: 3024: 2940:, The Maxfield Park Children's Home and the 2837:Orphanages in Australia mostly closed after 1970:West Square, London Road, Southwark, London 6917:. Encyclopedia.adoption.com. Archived from 6448:Orphans and Orphanages in Ukraine need help 4860:"Evoluţii în domeniul protecţiei copilului" 4404:"Helping Orphans in Bosnia and Herzegovina" 4007:(Report). Save the Children. Archived from 3917: 3915: 3913: 3886:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 3674: 3114:after closing their last orphanage in 1989. 2676:(founded in 1763, constructed in the 1770s) 1471:National Industrial Home for Crippled Boys 407:, began to reach alarming proportions. The 7124: 7110: 7084: 6135:. Iorphan.org. 19 May 2008. Archived from 5555: 5489:10 Steps Forward to Deinstitutionalisation 5010:"Kelly's Directory of Herefordshire, 1913" 3967: 3965: 3963: 3810:"The Bucharest Early Intervention Project" 3658:"American RadioWorks - Rewiring the Brain" 3340:"American RadioWorks - Rewiring the Brain" 2429: 437:private benefactors; these often received 7493:Canadian Indian residential school system 6939: 6244: 5739: 5683: 4973: 4903:Anastasijevic, Dejan (14 November 2007). 4139:"News in Nepal: Fast, Full & Factual" 3289: 2580:Learn how and when to remove this message 1893:Church of England Children's Society 1946 1315:Charlotte Row, St Peter Walworth, London 1276:St Andrew's Place, Regent's Park, London 737:giving support to 240 orphaned children. 729: 588:to meet conditions of its entry into the 561: 518:. Becoming aware of the great numbers of 273:supported all orphans of those killed in 85:Learn how and when to remove this message 7054: 6473:Orphans and adoption: Ukrainian deadlock 5698: 5673: 5486: 4406:. Soschildrensvillages.ca. 21 March 2012 3922:McKenzie, Richard B. (14 January 2010). 3910: 3859: 3833:Paul Lewis in Tirana (27 October 2008). 3743:. Savethechildren.org.uk. Archived from 3717:. Savethechildren.org.uk. Archived from 3499: 3028: 2971: 2774: 2749: 2667: 2655: 2517: 2392: 2345: 2272: 2237: 2163: 681: 536: 494: 394: 321: 252: 155: 143: 132: 96: 7474:List of international adoption scandals 6580:"Convention on the Rights of the Child" 6161:. Bigfamilyministry.org. Archived from 5868: 5035:"Quakers orphanage - The Orphans Press" 4905:"Disabled Serbians in Harsh Conditions" 4609:[Human Rights in Hungary 2007] 4242: 4165:"28 Tourist targeted scams in Cambodia" 4112:. Thirdworldorphans.org. Archived from 3960: 3802: 3449: 3058:Significant charities that help orphans 1993:St Michael's Home for Friendless Girls 1918:Catholic Children's Protection Society 486:Aid to Families with Dependent Children 14: 7613: 7538:Kidnapping of children by Nazi Germany 6133:"Russian Orphans Facts and Statistics" 5790:from the original on 21 December 2021. 5082:"Calthorpe Home For Girls, Handsworth" 4754:"Tyvärr hittar vi inte sidan du söker" 4722:"Tyvärr hittar vi inte Sidan du söker" 4706:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4644:"Tyvärr hittar vi inte sidan du söker" 4591:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4529:"Tyvärr hittar vi inte sidan du söker" 4475:"Tyvärr hittar vi inte sidan du söker" 4456:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4193: 3741:"Online library: Save the Children UK" 3715:"Online library: Save the Children UK" 3604: 3511: 3466:from the original on 27 November 2016. 3443: 3374:. Ashlyns.herts.sch.uk. Archived from 3358:"The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume XI" 2663: 1341:Haverstock Hill, Kentish Town, London 317: 7528:Forced adoption in the United Kingdom 7105: 6940:Silverman, Jacob (18 February 2007). 4607:"Mänskliga rättigheter i Ungern 2007" 4196:"U.S. Interrupts Cambodian Adoptions" 2159: 1255:St. Philip Neri's orphanage for boys 1101:Norwood Home for Jewish Children 1956 470:Founding Fathers of the United States 7097:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 6104: 5893:"Japan Children Support Association" 4759:. Humanrights.gov.se. Archived from 4727:. Humanrights.gov.se. Archived from 4649:. Humanrights.gov.se. Archived from 4534:. Humanrights.gov.se. Archived from 4480:. Humanrights.gov.se. Archived from 4268: 4086:. Baliadvertiser.biz. Archived from 3306:. UK. 8 October 2011. Archived from 2530: 2242:Nigerian orphanage in the late 1960s 1060:Royal Wanstead Children's Foundation 363:On reception, children were sent to 257:Caring for orphans, by Dutch artist 38: 7407:Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act 7372:Adoption Information Disclosure Act 7350:History of children in the military 6915:"Orphanage – Adoption Encyclopedia" 6186:"Health warning over Russian youth" 6183: 6159:"Information about Russian orphans" 5334:. 11 September 2000. Archived from 1367:Christchurch, Marylebone, London's 484:improved conditions by authorizing 148:Sofianlehto Orphanage from 1930 in 121:dated 12 November 1548, threatens " 24: 7574:Historical criticism of orphanages 7465:Controversial violations of rights 5580:"Home | Tikkun Olam International" 4836:. Hopeandhomes.org. Archived from 4269:Bell, Thomas (28 September 2011). 3662:americanradioworks.publicradio.org 3456:Boosts Orphanage's Story, History" 3344:americanradioworks.publicradio.org 3240:Residential Child Care Communities 3019:residential child care communities 2557:no links to the listed newspapers. 2040:Wolverhampton Union Cottage homes 1423:British Seaman's Orphan Boys' Home 231:residential child care communities 25: 7642: 7498:Tennessee Children's Home Society 7085:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). 7073: 5869:Reitman, Valerie (6 March 1999). 5778:"IHF Promotional Video - youtube" 5227:. Migeprof.gov.rw. Archived from 5145:"Gov't closes down 89 orphanages" 4786:"Viewpoints: Balkan boost for EU" 3924:"The Best Thing About Orphanages" 3655: 3337: 2956:Some notable orphanages include: 1597:The Neglected Children of Exeter 1354:Eagle House, Hammersmith, London 976:St Elizabeth's Orphanage of Mercy 879: 573:Tennessee Children's Home Society 383:flood of children poured in from 7479:American Indian boarding schools 7419:Islamic adoptional jurisprudence 7042: 7014: 6996: 6978: 6956: 6933: 6886:Paul deHolczer (14 March 2014). 6879: 6857: 6848: 6839: 6825: 6807: 6789: 6775: 6750: 6728: 6710: 6680: 6670:"General Information on Jamaica" 6662: 6630: 6604: 6572: 6563: 6545: 6527: 6504: 6452: 6441: 6415: 6395: 6373: 6355: 6337: 6319: 6301: 6282: 6263: 6222: 6203: 6177: 6151: 6125: 6098: 6080: 6064:. Orphans.gov.bh. Archived from 6054: 6036: 6011: 5993: 5975: 5957: 5939: 5921: 5406:"Unicef Sierra Leona Statistics" 5205:. Worldbank.org. 21 October 2004 4927:"Microsoft Word - Slovakien.doc" 4194:Mydans, Seth (5 November 2001). 4048:10.1111/j.1540-5834.2011.00632.x 3689:10.1097/00001163-199904000-00008 3205:Foster Care in the United States 2967: 2535: 1612:Alexandra Orphanage for Infants 1328:Bromley St Leonard, Bow, London 1325:Merchant Seamen's Orphan Asylum 427:' most famous novels, including 310:were enacted at the time of the 43: 7483:American Indian outing programs 7278:Cultural variations in adoption 6867:. Hope International Ministries 6783:"Milton Hershey School Website" 6688:"Maxfield Park Children's Home" 5903: 5885: 5862: 5844: 5826: 5794: 5770: 5728:The Pakistan Development Review 5719: 5705:. Vanderbilt University Press. 5692: 5667: 5641: 5620: 5602: 5572: 5549: 5523: 5480: 5379: 5320: 5294: 5268: 5243: 5217: 5192: 5137: 5113: 5096: 5074: 5049: 5027: 5002: 4970:. New York: Plenum Press, 1993. 4960: 4951: 4919: 4896: 4882: 4852: 4804: 4778: 4746: 4714: 4668: 4636: 4615:www.manskligarattigheter.gov.se 4599: 4553: 4521: 4499: 4418: 4396: 4374: 4356: 4303: 4285: 4262: 4236: 4224:. News.sky.com. 14 October 2011 4214: 4187: 4157: 4102: 4076: 4062: 4026: 3993: 3934: 3894: 3853: 3826: 3759: 3733: 3695: 3668: 3649: 3598: 3566: 3540: 3505: 2293: 2254: 1146:Asylum for Fatherless Children 669: 632:permanent temporary foster care 390: 7378:Adoption and Safe Families Act 7366:Access to Adoption Records Act 7088:"Orphans and Orphanages" 7035: 6552:Dnepropetrovsk Children's Work 5947:"Serving Children in Cambodia" 4617:(in Hungarian). Archived from 3864:. 7thspace.com. Archived from 3550:. E-include.eu. Archived from 3526:10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14030320 3514:American Journal of Psychiatry 3470: 3417: 3390: 3364: 3350: 3331: 3322: 3195:Florida Sheriffs Youth Ranches 2621: 2460: 2341: 1957:Brixton Road, Lambeth, London 1887:The Waifs and Strays' Society 1484:Peckham Home for Little Girls 1407:Swansea Orphan Home for Girls 1221:St. Mary's Orphanage for Boys 641: 620: 13: 1: 7268:Political abuse of psychiatry 6692:maxfieldparkchildrenshome.com 6001:"General information on Laos" 5699:Heyneman, Stephen P. (2004). 5556:Haussegger, Virginia (2009). 5535:The Christian Science Monitor 3768:Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 3450:Segedin, Andy (17 May 2016). 3328:Little Princes, Conor Grennan 3282: 3015:residential treatment centers 2761: 2745: 2728: 2510:that help with this problem. 2457:government run institutions. 2364: 2327: 2062:The Waifs and Strays' Society 1442:The Boys' Home Regent's Park 1230:Rev. William Gowan Todd, D.D. 1098:Norwood Jewish Orphanage 1928 648:residential treatment centers 567:abuse of orphans (notably at 514:, the founder of the charity 233:, children's homes, refuges, 7523:Forced adoption in Australia 7467:in adoption or child custody 7396:Foster Care Independence Act 6865:"About Hope Children's Home" 6062:"Royal Charity Organization" 5332:Kaiser Daily HIV/AIDS Report 4990:. University of London. 1965 4245:"Cashing it big on children" 3250:Residential treatment center 3069:Orphaned Starfish Foundation 3037: 2864: 2832: 2514:Middle East and North Africa 2075:St George's House, Harrogate 1693:James William Condell Fegan 1239:Major Street Ragged Schools 1189:Wolverhampton Orphan Asylum 778: 703: 666:undergoing decommissioning. 101:Plaque where once stood the 7: 6184:Eke, Steven (1 June 2005). 5437:"Unicef Senegal Statistics" 5304:. Thokomala. Archived from 4382:"Albanian's Children Photo" 4364:"Albania: orphans for life" 3942:"accessed 3 September 2009" 3860:7thSpace (10 August 2011). 3215:Hope and Homes for Children 3132: 3089:Hope and Homes for Children 2881:North America and Caribbean 2823:120 – Dom Invalid Orphanage 2555:. The specific problem is: 2484: 2442: 2420: 2380: 2268: 2225: 2179: 1858:All Saints Boys' Orphanage 1822:Cottage Homes for Children 1080:Sailor Orphan Girls School 848: 740: 709:developed nation would do. 482:Social Security Act of 1935 462:Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton 441:and government oversight. 338:was founded in 1741 by the 137:Former Jewish orphanage in 10: 7647: 7565:Jewish orphans controversy 7402:Hague Adoption Convention 6986:"Refuge of Life Orphanage" 6944:. People.howstuffworks.com 6344:Kyrgyzstan Children's Work 6109:. RCWS.org. Archived from 5834:"Orphan Crisis in Vietnam" 5744:(inactive 17 April 2024). 5741:10.30541/V41I4IIPP.879-908 4812:"The new Romanian orphans" 3677:Infants and Young Children 2931: 2827: 2770: 2737: 2707: 2630: 2451: 2311: 2233: 2071:Northern Police Orphanage 1910:Edward de Montjoie Rudolf 1560:Ely Deaconesses Orphanage 1247:Canon Thomas Major Lester 962:nr Stokes Croft turnpike, 892:, a special concoction of 817: 813: 805: 767: 759: 720: 685: 603:Comparison to alternatives 330:The growth of sentimental 248: 32:Orphanage (disambiguation) 29: 7573: 7464: 7446: 7439: 7384:Christian law of adoption 7358: 7288:Genealogical bewilderment 7243:Adoption reunion registry 7220: 7189: 7143: 6005:sos-childrensvillages.org 5802:"CEO Annual Report - IHF" 5584:Tikkun Olam International 3574:"Europe and Central Asia" 3276:Whole Child International 3160:Child and family services 3025:Central and South America 3003:child protective services 2947: 2859:Goulburn, New South Wales 2703: 2696: 2686: 2637:Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifah 2434: 2263: 2216: 2208: 2097:Inglewood Children's Home 2055:Calthorpe Home For Girls 1757:West Bromwich and Walsall 1660:National Children's Homes 1579:Orphanage and Almshouses 1302:Westminster Road, London 1273:Adult Orphan Institution 994:London Asylum for Orphans 932: 929: 926: 923: 857: 839: 790: 712: 472:. Under the influence of 7488:Indian Placement Program 7451:Adoption in ancient Rome 7424:Putative father registry 7413:Indian Child Welfare Act 6612:"Unicef Fiji Statistics" 5614:14 December 2005 at the 5361:"Unicef Togo Statistics" 5278:. UNICEF. Archived from 3780:10.1177/1524838005283696 3656:Media, American Public. 3338:Media, American Public. 3145:Boys Town (organization) 2942:Missionaries of the Poor 2893:Catholic Relief Services 2885: 2785:Russian invasion of 2022 2613: 2526: 2493: 2472: 2388: 2332: 2200: 2191: 1879:Major Alfred V. Fordyce 1678:Thomas Bowman Stephenson 1570:Thomas Bowman Stephenson 1530:Worcester Orphan Asylum 1391:Sunderland Orphan Asylum 617:in progress statistics. 57:may need to be rewritten 7065:Encyclopædia Britannica 6557:7 February 2009 at the 6539:18 January 2006 at the 6349:23 January 2009 at the 6331:7 February 2009 at the 6294:14 January 2015 at the 6275:14 January 2015 at the 6256:14 January 2015 at the 6232:. Hrw.org. 9 March 1998 6215:14 January 2015 at the 5702:Islam and Social Policy 5468:. IRIN. 26 October 2011 4966:Abernethy, Virginia D. 4084:"Bali's Orphanage Scam" 3928:The Wall Street Journal 3627:10.1126/science.1143921 3300:"How to fix orphanages" 3102:SOS Children's Villages 3073:non-profit organisation 3045: 2938:SOS children's villages 2926:January 2010 earthquake 2872: 2820:30 – Beregena Orphanage 2643: 2501: 2430:East and Southeast Asia 2411:SOS children's villages 2285: 2058:Handsworth, Birmingham 1929:Bishop Bernard O'Reilly 1663:NCH Action for Children 1515:Royal Albert Orphanage 735:SOS Children's Villages 586:children's institutions 528:7th Earl of Shaftesbury 243:youth treatment centers 177:residential institution 7586:Mount Cashel Orphanage 7293:International adoption 7228:Adopted child syndrome 7190:Foster care by country 6966:. BBC. 28 October 2000 6674:SOS Children's Village 5929:"Concert - Orphanages" 5873:. Articles.latimes.com 4988:British History Online 4320:10.2307/j.ctt9qgppd.15 4000:Corinna Csáky (2009). 3482:. 1872. Archived from 3271:Wraparound (childcare) 3185:Deinstitutionalisation 3034: 2977: 2780: 2755: 2700:) (boarding schools). 2677: 2523: 2508:SOS Children's Village 2401: 2354: 2278: 2243: 2186:deinstitutionalization 2169: 2168:AIDS orphans in Malawi 1897:The Children's Society 1778:Dr. John T. Middlemore 1549:Shefford, Bedfordshire 1544:St Francis' Boy's Home 1338:Orphan Working School 1286:British Orphan Asylum 1206:Wiltshire Reformatory 1054:Royal Infant Orphanage 918:Known orphanages are: 845:medical institutions. 730:Bosnia and Herzegovina 562:Deinstitutionalization 558: 507: 506:for orphaned children. 411:system, instituted in 400: 327: 262: 235:rehabilitation centers 168: 161:St. Nicholas Orphanage 153: 141: 130: 104: 7094:Catholic Encyclopedia 7060:Barnardo, Thomas John 6738:. casahogarjeruel.org 5786:. 29 September 2010. 5487:McArthur, D. (2011). 5107:13 March 2004 at the 5061:Hidden Lives Revealed 3260:Teaching-family model 3245:Residential education 3032: 3005:processes. Following 2983:Milton Hershey School 2975: 2924:. However, since the 2778: 2753: 2671: 2656:Palestinian Territory 2521: 2396: 2349: 2276: 2241: 2167: 1615:Hornsey Rise, London 1364:The Orphanage Asylum 1299:Female Orphan Asylum 1129:Ashley Down orphanage 1057:Royal Wanstead School 1033:Female Orphan Asylum 682:Commercial orphanages 540: 502:, the founder of the 498: 398: 325: 308:Elizabethan Poor Laws 256: 159: 147: 136: 100: 7596:St. John's Orphanage 7430:Uniform Adoption Act 7345:Sealed birth records 7303:Language of adoption 7298:Interracial adoption 6762:casahogaralegria.org 6758:"Casa Hogar Alegria" 6534:Kyiv Children's Work 6230:"Human Rights Watch" 6165:on 10 September 2011 5649:"Pakistan's Orphans" 5560:. ABC TV 7.30 Report 4915:on 16 November 2007. 4314:. pp. 245–260. 4145:on 17 September 2011 3721:on 27 September 2011 3554:on 17 September 2011 3425:"English Orphanages" 3170:Community-based care 3165:Child and youth care 3108:Dr. Barnardo's Homes 2855:St. John's Orphanage 2817:State Baby Orphanage 2779:Orphanage in Ukraine 2562:improve this section 2551:to meet Knowledge's 2249:orphaned by HIV/AIDS 2117:Painswick Orphanage 1967:Orphanage Infirmary 1625:Stockwell Orphanage 1050:Infant Orphan Asylum 998:London Orphan Asylum 870:Gustav III of Sweden 512:Thomas John Barnardo 500:Thomas John Barnardo 474:Charles Loring Brace 460:) was co-founded by 201:developing countries 7248:Adoption tax credit 7238:Adoption home study 7233:Adoption disclosure 7144:Adoption by country 7004:"Orphaned Starfish" 6990:havenofhopeintl.org 6736:"Casa Hogar Jeruel" 6650:on 11 November 2006 6618:on 14 November 2007 6592:on 29 November 2007 6408:The Times of Israel 6068:on 10 February 2012 5987:allgodschildren.org 5983:"Our work in China" 5933:concertcambodia.org 5558:"Mahboba's promise" 5443:on 15 November 2007 5412:on 15 November 2007 5367:on 14 November 2007 5328:"Global Challenges" 5251:"Table of Contents" 4968:Population Politics 4090:on 27 November 2011 4014:on 29 December 2016 3619:2007Sci...318.1937N 3613:(5858): 1937–1940. 3460:The NonProfit Times 3431:on 13 November 2013 3255:Settlement movement 2808:Zaporizhzhia Oblast 2802:Other information: 2797:citizens of Ukraine 2664:Former Soviet Union 1944:Milborne St Andrew 1838:Aberlour Orphanage 1830:Mrs. Nassau Senior 1717:18 Stepney Causeway 1667:Action for Children 1312:Female Orphan Home 1094:Jews' Orphan Asylum 318:Foundling Hospitals 7631:Total institutions 7027:. 20 October 2023. 6501:(17 February 2021) 6139:on 21 October 2011 5590:on 18 October 2015 5121:"OrphanAid Africa" 4840:on 5 February 2011 4384:. Adoptionworx.com 4368:balcanicaucaso.org 4299:. 7 December 2011. 4200:The New York Times 4116:on 13 October 2011 3978:The New York Times 3747:on 21 October 2011 3586:on 17 October 2012 3310:on 15 October 2011 3035: 2978: 2963:Casa Hogar Alegría 2921:CIA World Factbook 2781: 2756: 2678: 2524: 2402: 2355: 2279: 2244: 2174:Sub-Saharan Africa 2170: 2160:Sub-Saharan Africa 2008:St Saviour's Home 1954:Brixton Orphanage 1796:Sisters of Charity 1641:New Orphan Asylum 1380:Hampstead, London 1225:Blackheath, London 1106:Goodman's Fields, 1041:Francois de Rosaz 942:Foundling Hospital 559: 508: 466:Alexander Hamilton 401: 385:country workhouses 336:Foundling Hospital 328: 263: 169: 154: 142: 131: 115:Chiesa della Pietà 7608: 7607: 7604: 7603: 7581:Duplessis Orphans 7390:Dima Yakovlev Law 7308:Same-sex adoption 7008:Orphaned Starfish 6499:Ukrayinska Pravda 6479:(26 October 2016) 6383:. openingdoors.eu 6369:. 18 August 2020. 5971:. 11 August 2015. 5501:978-9937-2-3599-0 5256:. Synergyaids.com 4792:. 16 January 2007 4509:. Oneheart-bg.org 4110:"Orphanage Scams" 3981:. 5 December 2009 3868:on 5 October 2011 3410:978-0-9536613-1-2 3150:Child abandonment 2710:Orphans in Russia 2590: 2589: 2582: 2553:quality standards 2544:This section may 2467:Los Angeles Times 2465:According to the 2400:Orphanage, India. 2359:Mahboba's promise 2157: 2156: 2024:Orphanage of Pity 1941:County Boys Home 1850:Rev Charles Jupp 1805:The Orphan Homes 1500:The Boys' Refuge 1150:Reedham Orphanage 890:Godfrey's Cordial 575:). In Romania, a 551:Casa dos Expostos 543:Pedro I of Brazil 208:Nicolae Ceaușescu 187:, devoted to the 181:total institution 95: 94: 87: 67:lead layout guide 16:(Redirected from 7638: 7543:Tianjin Massacre 7444: 7443: 7263:Child laundering 7126: 7119: 7112: 7103: 7102: 7098: 7090: 7069: 7048: 7046: 7045: 7029: 7028: 7026: 7018: 7012: 7011: 7000: 6994: 6993: 6982: 6976: 6975: 6973: 6971: 6960: 6954: 6953: 6951: 6949: 6937: 6931: 6930: 6928: 6926: 6911: 6905: 6904: 6902: 6900: 6883: 6877: 6876: 6874: 6872: 6861: 6855: 6852: 6846: 6843: 6837: 6836: 6829: 6823: 6822: 6811: 6805: 6804: 6793: 6787: 6786: 6779: 6773: 6772: 6770: 6768: 6754: 6748: 6747: 6745: 6743: 6732: 6726: 6725: 6724:. 29 March 2018. 6714: 6708: 6707: 6705: 6703: 6694:. Archived from 6684: 6678: 6677: 6666: 6660: 6659: 6657: 6655: 6649: 6643:. Archived from 6642: 6634: 6628: 6627: 6625: 6623: 6614:. Archived from 6608: 6602: 6601: 6599: 6597: 6591: 6585:. Archived from 6584: 6576: 6570: 6567: 6561: 6549: 6543: 6531: 6525: 6524: 6522: 6520: 6508: 6502: 6493: 6489: 6480: 6470: 6461: 6456: 6450: 6445: 6439: 6438: 6436: 6434: 6419: 6413: 6412: 6399: 6393: 6392: 6390: 6388: 6377: 6371: 6370: 6359: 6353: 6341: 6335: 6323: 6317: 6316: 6305: 6299: 6286: 6280: 6267: 6261: 6248: 6242: 6241: 6239: 6237: 6226: 6220: 6207: 6201: 6200: 6198: 6196: 6181: 6175: 6174: 6172: 6170: 6155: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6144: 6129: 6123: 6122: 6120: 6118: 6113:on 10 March 2013 6102: 6096: 6095: 6094:. 27 April 2021. 6084: 6078: 6077: 6075: 6073: 6058: 6052: 6051: 6040: 6034: 6033: 6031: 6029: 6015: 6009: 6008: 5997: 5991: 5990: 5989:. 16 March 2017. 5979: 5973: 5972: 5961: 5955: 5954: 5943: 5937: 5936: 5925: 5919: 5918: 5907: 5901: 5900: 5889: 5883: 5882: 5880: 5878: 5866: 5860: 5859: 5848: 5842: 5841: 5830: 5824: 5823: 5821: 5819: 5814:on 26 March 2013 5813: 5807:. Archived from 5806: 5798: 5792: 5791: 5774: 5768: 5767: 5761: 5753: 5743: 5734:(4II): 879–908. 5723: 5717: 5716: 5696: 5690: 5689: 5687: 5671: 5665: 5664: 5662: 5660: 5645: 5639: 5638: 5636: 5634: 5624: 5618: 5606: 5600: 5599: 5597: 5595: 5586:. Archived from 5576: 5570: 5569: 5567: 5565: 5553: 5547: 5546: 5544: 5542: 5527: 5521: 5520: 5518: 5516: 5511:on 10 March 2012 5510: 5504:. Archived from 5493: 5484: 5478: 5477: 5475: 5473: 5462: 5453: 5452: 5450: 5448: 5439:. Archived from 5433: 5422: 5421: 5419: 5417: 5408:. Archived from 5402: 5391: 5390: 5383: 5377: 5376: 5374: 5372: 5363:. Archived from 5357: 5348: 5347: 5345: 5343: 5338:on 18 April 2005 5324: 5318: 5317: 5315: 5313: 5308:on 12 March 2012 5298: 5292: 5291: 5289: 5287: 5272: 5266: 5265: 5263: 5261: 5255: 5247: 5241: 5240: 5238: 5236: 5231:on 17 March 2012 5221: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5210: 5204: 5196: 5190: 5189: 5187: 5185: 5179: 5171: 5165: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5151:. 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Archived from 4161: 4155: 4154: 4152: 4150: 4135: 4126: 4125: 4123: 4121: 4106: 4100: 4099: 4097: 4095: 4080: 4074: 4073: 4066: 4060: 4059: 4030: 4024: 4023: 4021: 4019: 4013: 4006: 3997: 3991: 3990: 3988: 3986: 3969: 3958: 3957: 3955: 3953: 3938: 3932: 3931: 3919: 3908: 3898: 3892: 3891: 3885: 3877: 3875: 3873: 3857: 3851: 3850: 3848: 3846: 3830: 3824: 3823: 3821: 3819: 3814: 3806: 3800: 3799: 3763: 3757: 3756: 3754: 3752: 3737: 3731: 3730: 3728: 3726: 3711: 3702: 3699: 3693: 3692: 3672: 3666: 3665: 3653: 3647: 3646: 3602: 3596: 3595: 3593: 3591: 3585: 3578: 3570: 3564: 3563: 3561: 3559: 3544: 3538: 3537: 3509: 3503: 3497: 3488: 3487: 3474: 3468: 3467: 3447: 3441: 3440: 3438: 3436: 3427:. Archived from 3421: 3415: 3414: 3403:. Coram Family. 3394: 3388: 3387: 3385: 3383: 3368: 3362: 3361: 3354: 3348: 3347: 3335: 3329: 3326: 3320: 3319: 3317: 3315: 3296: 3235:Residential Care 2989:, Mooseheart in 2699: 2698: 2689: 2688: 2674:Moscow Orphanage 2585: 2578: 2574: 2571: 2565: 2539: 2538: 2531: 2132:Clio Boys' Home 2087:Catherine Gurney 1862:Lewisham, London 1814:Henry S. Newman 1769:Middlemore Home 1632:Charles Spurgeon 1289:Clapham, London 1192:Goldthorn Hill, 921: 920: 820:Romanian orphans 656:eating disorders 547:Maria Leopoldina 451:Lord Shaftesbury 380:House of Commons 275:military service 107: 90: 83: 79: 76: 70: 63:improve the lead 47: 46: 39: 21: 7646: 7645: 7641: 7640: 7639: 7637: 7636: 7635: 7611: 7610: 7609: 7600: 7569: 7518:Michael A. Hess 7466: 7460: 7435: 7354: 7273:Closed adoption 7216: 7185: 7139: 7130: 7076: 7058:, ed. (1911). " 7043: 7041: 7038: 7033: 7032: 7024: 7020: 7019: 7015: 7002: 7001: 6997: 6984: 6983: 6979: 6969: 6967: 6962: 6961: 6957: 6947: 6945: 6938: 6934: 6924: 6922: 6913: 6912: 6908: 6898: 6896: 6893:Huffington Post 6884: 6880: 6870: 6868: 6863: 6862: 6858: 6853: 6849: 6844: 6840: 6831: 6830: 6826: 6813: 6812: 6808: 6795: 6794: 6790: 6785:. 21 July 2018. 6781: 6780: 6776: 6766: 6764: 6756: 6755: 6751: 6741: 6739: 6734: 6733: 6729: 6716: 6715: 6711: 6701: 6699: 6698:on 31 July 2022 6686: 6685: 6681: 6668: 6667: 6663: 6653: 6651: 6647: 6640: 6636: 6635: 6631: 6621: 6619: 6610: 6609: 6605: 6595: 6593: 6589: 6582: 6578: 6577: 6573: 6568: 6564: 6559:Wayback Machine 6550: 6546: 6541:Wayback Machine 6532: 6528: 6518: 6516: 6509: 6505: 6491: 6490: 6483: 6471: 6464: 6457: 6453: 6446: 6442: 6432: 6430: 6421: 6420: 6416: 6401: 6400: 6396: 6386: 6384: 6379: 6378: 6374: 6361: 6360: 6356: 6351:Wayback Machine 6342: 6338: 6333:Wayback Machine 6324: 6320: 6307: 6306: 6302: 6296:Wayback Machine 6287: 6283: 6277:Wayback Machine 6268: 6264: 6258:Wayback Machine 6249: 6245: 6235: 6233: 6228: 6227: 6223: 6217:Wayback Machine 6208: 6204: 6194: 6192: 6182: 6178: 6168: 6166: 6157: 6156: 6152: 6142: 6140: 6131: 6130: 6126: 6116: 6114: 6103: 6099: 6086: 6085: 6081: 6071: 6069: 6060: 6059: 6055: 6048:english.news.cn 6042: 6041: 6037: 6027: 6025: 6017: 6016: 6012: 5999: 5998: 5994: 5981: 5980: 5976: 5963: 5962: 5958: 5953:. 14 June 2023. 5945: 5944: 5940: 5927: 5926: 5922: 5909: 5908: 5904: 5891: 5890: 5886: 5876: 5874: 5867: 5863: 5856:e.vnexpress.net 5850: 5849: 5845: 5838:soworldwide.org 5832: 5831: 5827: 5817: 5815: 5811: 5804: 5800: 5799: 5795: 5776: 5775: 5771: 5755: 5754: 5724: 5720: 5713: 5697: 5693: 5685:10.1.1.543.6905 5672: 5668: 5658: 5656: 5647: 5646: 5642: 5632: 5630: 5626: 5625: 5621: 5616:Wayback Machine 5607: 5603: 5593: 5591: 5578: 5577: 5573: 5563: 5561: 5554: 5550: 5540: 5538: 5529: 5528: 5524: 5514: 5512: 5508: 5502: 5491: 5485: 5481: 5471: 5469: 5464: 5463: 5456: 5446: 5444: 5435: 5434: 5425: 5415: 5413: 5404: 5403: 5394: 5389:. 21 June 2023. 5385: 5384: 5380: 5370: 5368: 5359: 5358: 5351: 5341: 5339: 5326: 5325: 5321: 5311: 5309: 5300: 5299: 5295: 5285: 5283: 5282:on 13 July 2019 5274: 5273: 5269: 5259: 5257: 5253: 5249: 5248: 5244: 5234: 5232: 5223: 5222: 5218: 5208: 5206: 5202: 5198: 5197: 5193: 5183: 5181: 5180:. Worldbank.org 5177: 5173: 5172: 5168: 5158: 5156: 5155:on 20 July 2018 5143: 5142: 5138: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5119: 5118: 5114: 5109:Wayback Machine 5101: 5097: 5087: 5085: 5080: 5079: 5075: 5065: 5063: 5055: 5054: 5050: 5040: 5038: 5033: 5032: 5028: 5018: 5016: 5008: 5007: 5003: 4993: 4991: 4982: 4981: 4974: 4965: 4961: 4956: 4952: 4942: 4940: 4936: 4929: 4925: 4924: 4920: 4901: 4897: 4888: 4887: 4883: 4873: 4871: 4863: 4858: 4857: 4853: 4843: 4841: 4832: 4831: 4827: 4817: 4815: 4810: 4809: 4805: 4795: 4793: 4784: 4783: 4779: 4769: 4767: 4763: 4756: 4752: 4751: 4747: 4737: 4735: 4731: 4724: 4720: 4719: 4715: 4699: 4698: 4691: 4689: 4685: 4678: 4676:"Archived copy" 4674: 4673: 4669: 4659: 4657: 4653: 4646: 4642: 4641: 4637: 4627: 4625: 4624:on 19 July 2011 4621: 4610: 4605: 4604: 4600: 4584: 4583: 4576: 4574: 4570: 4563: 4561:"Archived copy" 4559: 4558: 4554: 4544: 4542: 4538: 4531: 4527: 4526: 4522: 4512: 4510: 4505: 4504: 4500: 4490: 4488: 4484: 4477: 4473: 4472: 4465: 4449: 4448: 4441: 4439: 4438:on 19 July 2011 4435: 4428: 4426:"Archived copy" 4424: 4423: 4419: 4409: 4407: 4402: 4401: 4397: 4387: 4385: 4380: 4379: 4375: 4362: 4361: 4357: 4345: 4344: 4335: 4334: 4330: 4308: 4304: 4291: 4290: 4286: 4276: 4274: 4267: 4263: 4253: 4251: 4241: 4237: 4227: 4225: 4220: 4219: 4215: 4205: 4203: 4192: 4188: 4178: 4176: 4169:Travelscams.org 4163: 4162: 4158: 4148: 4146: 4137: 4136: 4129: 4119: 4117: 4108: 4107: 4103: 4093: 4091: 4082: 4081: 4077: 4072:. 21 June 2023. 4068: 4067: 4063: 4031: 4027: 4017: 4015: 4011: 4004: 3998: 3994: 3984: 3982: 3971: 3970: 3961: 3951: 3949: 3940: 3939: 3935: 3920: 3911: 3899: 3895: 3879: 3878: 3871: 3869: 3858: 3854: 3844: 3842: 3831: 3827: 3817: 3815: 3812: 3808: 3807: 3803: 3764: 3760: 3750: 3748: 3739: 3738: 3734: 3724: 3722: 3713: 3712: 3705: 3700: 3696: 3673: 3669: 3654: 3650: 3603: 3599: 3589: 3587: 3583: 3576: 3572: 3571: 3567: 3557: 3555: 3546: 3545: 3541: 3510: 3506: 3498: 3491: 3486:on 27 May 2006. 3476: 3475: 3471: 3448: 3444: 3434: 3432: 3423: 3422: 3418: 3411: 3395: 3391: 3381: 3379: 3370: 3369: 3365: 3356: 3355: 3351: 3336: 3332: 3327: 3323: 3313: 3311: 3298: 3297: 3290: 3285: 3280: 3265:The Steele home 3175:Congregate Care 3135: 3110:are now simply 3060: 3048: 3040: 3027: 2970: 2950: 2934: 2888: 2883: 2875: 2867: 2835: 2830: 2773: 2764: 2748: 2740: 2731: 2712: 2706: 2666: 2658: 2646: 2633: 2624: 2616: 2597:Al-Ahram Weekly 2586: 2575: 2569: 2566: 2559: 2540: 2536: 2529: 2516: 2504: 2496: 2487: 2475: 2463: 2454: 2445: 2437: 2432: 2423: 2391: 2383: 2367: 2344: 2335: 2330: 2314: 2296: 2288: 2271: 2266: 2257: 2236: 2228: 2219: 2211: 2203: 2194: 2182: 2162: 1808:Ryelands Road, 1732:Goldings estate 1644:Upper Henwick, 1455:Dr. Barnardo's 1180:Rev Andrew Reed 1162:Stoke Newington 1071:Rev Andrew Reed 1024:Rev Andrew Reed 882: 865:Stora Barnhuset 860: 851: 842: 822: 816: 808: 793: 781: 770: 762: 743: 732: 723: 715: 706: 690: 684: 672: 660:substance abuse 644: 627:Duke University 623: 615:street children 605: 564: 532:1st Earl Cairns 490:social security 439:royal patronage 425:Charles Dickens 393: 320: 279:age of eighteen 251: 223:congregate care 123:excommunication 91: 80: 74: 71: 60: 48: 44: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7644: 7634: 7633: 7628: 7623: 7606: 7605: 7602: 7601: 7599: 7598: 7593: 7588: 7583: 7577: 7575: 7571: 7570: 7568: 7567: 7562: 7559:Postremo mense 7555: 7550: 7545: 7540: 7535: 7530: 7525: 7520: 7515: 7510: 7505: 7503:Baby Scoop Era 7500: 7495: 7490: 7485: 7476: 7470: 7468: 7462: 7461: 7459: 7458: 7453: 7447: 7441: 7437: 7436: 7434: 7433: 7427: 7421: 7416: 7410: 7404: 7399: 7393: 7387: 7381: 7375: 7369: 7362: 7360: 7356: 7355: 7353: 7352: 7347: 7342: 7337: 7336: 7335: 7330: 7328:United Kingdom 7325: 7320: 7315: 7305: 7300: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7270: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7224: 7222: 7218: 7217: 7215: 7214: 7209: 7207:United Kingdom 7204: 7199: 7193: 7191: 7187: 7186: 7184: 7183: 7178: 7173: 7168: 7163: 7158: 7153: 7147: 7145: 7141: 7140: 7129: 7128: 7121: 7114: 7106: 7100: 7099: 7082: 7075: 7074:External links 7072: 7071: 7070: 7056:Chisholm, Hugh 7037: 7034: 7031: 7030: 7013: 6995: 6977: 6955: 6932: 6906: 6878: 6856: 6847: 6838: 6824: 6806: 6801:mooseheart.org 6788: 6774: 6749: 6727: 6709: 6679: 6661: 6629: 6603: 6571: 6562: 6544: 6526: 6503: 6492:(in Ukrainian) 6481: 6462: 6451: 6440: 6429:. 26 July 2022 6414: 6394: 6372: 6354: 6336: 6318: 6300: 6281: 6262: 6243: 6221: 6202: 6176: 6150: 6124: 6097: 6079: 6053: 6035: 6023:abcnews.go.com 6010: 5992: 5974: 5956: 5938: 5920: 5917:. 26 May 2016. 5915:japantoday.com 5902: 5884: 5861: 5843: 5825: 5793: 5769: 5718: 5711: 5691: 5666: 5640: 5628:"Minivan News" 5619: 5601: 5571: 5548: 5522: 5500: 5479: 5454: 5423: 5392: 5378: 5349: 5319: 5293: 5267: 5242: 5216: 5191: 5166: 5136: 5112: 5095: 5084:. Hidden Lives 5073: 5048: 5026: 5001: 4972: 4959: 4950: 4918: 4895: 4881: 4868:www.mmuncii.ro 4851: 4825: 4803: 4777: 4745: 4713: 4667: 4635: 4598: 4552: 4520: 4498: 4463: 4417: 4395: 4373: 4355: 4346:|journal= 4328: 4302: 4284: 4261: 4235: 4213: 4186: 4175:on 7 June 2019 4156: 4127: 4101: 4075: 4061: 4042:(4): 163–189. 4025: 3992: 3959: 3948:. 1 April 2009 3933: 3909: 3893: 3852: 3825: 3801: 3758: 3732: 3703: 3694: 3667: 3648: 3597: 3565: 3539: 3520:(6): 693–694. 3504: 3489: 3469: 3442: 3416: 3409: 3389: 3378:on 27 May 2012 3363: 3349: 3330: 3321: 3287: 3286: 3284: 3281: 3279: 3278: 3273: 3268: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3222: 3220:Janusz Korczak 3217: 3212: 3207: 3202: 3197: 3192: 3190:Family support 3187: 3182: 3177: 3172: 3167: 3162: 3157: 3152: 3147: 3142: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3130: 3129: 3119: 3115: 3105: 3099: 3092: 3086: 3080: 3059: 3056: 3052:social orphans 3047: 3044: 3039: 3036: 3026: 3023: 2995:North Carolina 2969: 2966: 2965: 2964: 2961: 2949: 2946: 2933: 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6921:on 3 May 2012 6920: 6916: 6910: 6895: 6894: 6889: 6882: 6866: 6860: 6851: 6842: 6834: 6828: 6820: 6816: 6810: 6802: 6798: 6792: 6784: 6778: 6763: 6759: 6753: 6737: 6731: 6723: 6719: 6713: 6697: 6693: 6689: 6683: 6675: 6671: 6665: 6646: 6639: 6633: 6617: 6613: 6607: 6588: 6581: 6575: 6566: 6560: 6556: 6553: 6548: 6542: 6538: 6535: 6530: 6514: 6507: 6500: 6496: 6488: 6486: 6478: 6474: 6469: 6467: 6460: 6455: 6449: 6444: 6428: 6424: 6418: 6410: 6409: 6404: 6398: 6382: 6376: 6368: 6364: 6358: 6352: 6348: 6345: 6340: 6334: 6330: 6327: 6322: 6314: 6310: 6304: 6297: 6293: 6290: 6285: 6278: 6274: 6271: 6266: 6259: 6255: 6252: 6247: 6231: 6225: 6218: 6214: 6211: 6206: 6191: 6187: 6180: 6164: 6160: 6154: 6138: 6134: 6128: 6112: 6108: 6101: 6093: 6092:rapsinews.com 6089: 6083: 6067: 6063: 6057: 6049: 6045: 6039: 6024: 6020: 6014: 6006: 6002: 5996: 5988: 5984: 5978: 5970: 5966: 5960: 5952: 5948: 5942: 5934: 5930: 5924: 5916: 5912: 5906: 5898: 5894: 5888: 5872: 5865: 5857: 5853: 5847: 5839: 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2007: 2004: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1989: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1975: 1972: 1969: 1966: 1963: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1949: 1946: 1943: 1940: 1937: 1934: 1933: 1930: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1917: 1914: 1913: 1909: 1906: 1903: 1898: 1895: 1892: 1889: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1882: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1869: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1853: 1849: 1847: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1834: 1833: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1821: 1818: 1817: 1813: 1811: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1800: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1789: 1786: 1783: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1774: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1764: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1752: 1749: 1748: 1745: 1742: 1737: 1733: 1730: 1729: 1728: 1725: 1720: 1719: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1711: 1708: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1696: 1692: 1689: 1687:Fegans Homes 1686: 1683: 1682: 1679: 1675: 1672: 1668: 1665: 1662: 1659: 1658: 1656: 1653: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1643: 1640: 1637: 1636: 1633: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1620: 1617: 1614: 1611: 1608: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1596: 1593: 1592: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1575: 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1165: 1163: 1160: 1159: 1158: 1155: 1151: 1148: 1147: 1145: 1142: 1141: 1138: 1137:George Müller 1135: 1132: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1123: 1120: 1115: 1112: 1111: 1109: 1105: 1100: 1097: 1096: 1095: 1092: 1089: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1079: 1076: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1052: 1051: 1048: 1045: 1044: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1029: 1028: 1025: 1022: 1017: 1014: 1011: 1008: 1007: 1006: 1002: 997: 996: 995: 992: 989: 988: 985: 983: 979: 977: 974: 971: 970: 967: 965: 961: 958: 955: 954: 951: 948: 945: 943: 940: 937: 936: 922: 919: 916: 914: 910: 905: 903: 899: 895: 891: 887: 886:Victorian era 877: 873: 871: 867: 866: 855: 846: 837: 834: 829: 827: 821: 811: 803: 800: 798: 788: 786: 776: 773: 765: 757: 753: 750: 746: 738: 736: 727: 718: 710: 701: 699: 693: 689: 679: 677: 667: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 639: 637: 633: 628: 618: 616: 611: 600: 598: 593: 591: 587: 581: 578: 574: 570: 556: 553:orphanage in 552: 549:visiting the 548: 545:and his wife 544: 539: 535: 533: 529: 525: 521: 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Retrieved 3308:the original 3303: 3230:Orphan Train 3225:Kinship Care 3061: 3049: 3041: 3007:World War II 3000: 2987:Pennsylvania 2979: 2955: 2951: 2944:facilities. 2935: 2919: 2913: 2889: 2876: 2868: 2839:World War II 2836: 2806:thousands – 2801: 2793: 2782: 2765: 2757: 2741: 2732: 2724: 2720: 2713: 2687:Детскиe домa 2679: 2659: 2651: 2647: 2634: 2625: 2617: 2609: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2594: 2591: 2576: 2567: 2560:Please help 2556: 2545: 2505: 2497: 2488: 2479: 2476: 2466: 2464: 2455: 2446: 2438: 2424: 2415: 2407: 2403: 2384: 2375: 2371: 2368: 2356: 2336: 2297: 2294:Sierra Leone 2289: 2280: 2258: 2255:South Africa 2245: 2229: 2220: 2212: 2204: 2195: 2183: 2171: 1925:James Nugent 1905:East Dulwich 1744:Dr. Barnardo 1588:Josiah Mason 1462:Dr. Barnardo 1114:West Norwood 950:Thomas Coram 917: 906: 900:, to soothe 883: 874: 863: 861: 852: 843: 830: 823: 809: 801: 794: 782: 774: 771: 763: 754: 751: 747: 744: 733: 724: 716: 707: 694: 691: 688:Voluntourism 673: 670:Kinship care 662:problems or 645: 631: 624: 606: 596: 594: 582: 569:Georgia Tann 565: 550: 509: 455: 435: 430:Oliver Twist 428: 421:middle-class 402: 391:19th century 377: 362: 346:Thomas Coram 332:philanthropy 329: 301: 282: 271:Athenian law 264: 220: 198: 172: 170: 127:maledictions 102: 81: 72: 61:Please help 56: 54:lead section 36: 7591:Mary Norris 7258:Child abuse 7181:South Korea 7171:Philippines 7137:foster care 7036:Works cited 6654:10 February 6622:12 November 6596:12 November 5897:npojcsa.com 5659:15 December 5447:12 November 5416:12 November 5371:12 November 5342:11 February 5302:"Thokomala" 3435:13 November 3200:Foster Care 3155:Child abuse 3011:group homes 2847:Residential 2783:Before the 2682:post-Soviet 2622:South Sudan 2607:(11/2001). 2605:Egypt Today 2564:if you can. 2461:South Korea 2398:Tirurangadi 2342:Afghanistan 1876:Birmingham 1108:Whitechapel 980:Eastcombe, 924:Founded in 884:During the 642:Group homes 636:development 621:Foster care 478:foster care 464:, widow of 447:John Pounds 369:apprenticed 343:sea captain 312:Reformation 297:apprentices 293:monasteries 289:Middle Ages 259:Jan de Bray 227:group homes 165:Novosibirsk 75:August 2022 7621:Orphanages 7615:Categories 7283:Disruption 6970:17 October 6519:17 October 6367:cabar.asia 6326:Azerbaijan 6309:"About us" 6236:17 October 6195:17 October 6169:17 October 6143:17 October 6117:2 February 6105:— source. 5877:2 February 5676:World Bank 5653:The Nation 5541:17 October 5286:17 October 5260:17 October 5235:17 October 5209:17 October 5184:17 October 5088:24 October 5066:23 October 5041:23 October 5019:23 October 4994:17 October 4874:3 November 4628:3 November 4513:17 October 4277:17 October 4254:17 October 4206:17 October 4202:. Cambodia 4149:17 October 4120:17 October 4094:17 October 3872:17 October 3845:17 October 3751:17 October 3725:17 October 3558:17 October 3314:17 October 3283:References 3210:Group home 3112:Barnardo's 2909:Grand'Anse 2762:Tajikistan 2746:Kyrgyzstan 2729:Azerbaijan 2708:See also: 2365:Bangladesh 2328:South Asia 2150:Kensington 2148:Brompton, 2135:Liverpool 2029:Warminster 2012:Shrewsbury 1921:Liverpool 1826:West Derby 1810:Leominster 1761:WJ Gilpin 1705:Manchester 1533:Worcester 1396:Sunderland 1351:Orphanage 1264:Oratorians 1259:Birmingham 1210:Warminster 1198:John Lees 902:baby colic 826:orphanages 686:See also: 423:; some of 365:wet nurses 277:until the 267:Jewish law 225:, include 185:group home 18:Orphanages 7533:Devshirme 7456:Fosterage 7374:(Ontario) 7368:(Ontario) 7313:Australia 7253:Aging out 7197:Australia 7161:Guatemala 7151:Australia 6819:Crossnore 6722:icfdn.org 5680:CiteSeerX 5594:5 October 5515:10 August 4348:ignored ( 4338:cite book 4018:1 January 3985:9 January 3683:(4): 34. 3534:0002-953X 3267:Orphanage 3096:Spurgeons 3038:Guatemala 2914:In 2007, 2865:Indonesia 2833:Australia 2692:internats 2570:July 2023 2121:Painswick 2082:Harrogate 1997:Salisbury 1907:, London 1773:Edgbaston 1583:Erdington 1519:Worcester 1491:Maria Rye 1243:Liverpool 1003:Hackney, 930:Location 913:workhouse 909:poorhouse 785:Lithuania 779:Lithuania 704:Worldwide 698:Indonesia 524:destitute 516:Barnardos 409:workhouse 281:. 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